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Post-Carboniferous Stratigraphy, Northeastern Alaska by R
Post-Carboniferous Stratigraphy, Northeastern Alaska By R. L. DETTERMAN, H. N. REISER, W. P. BROSGE,and]. T. DUTRO,JR. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 886 Sedirnentary rocks of Permian to Quaternary age are named, described, and correlated with standard stratigraphic sequences UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON 1975 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Detterman, Robert L. Post-Carboniferous stratigraphy, northeastern Alaska. (Geological Survey Professional Paper 886) Bibliography: p. 45-46. Supt. of Docs. No.: I 19.16:886 1. Geology-Alaska. I. Detterman, Robert L. II. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 886. QE84.N74P67 551.7'6'09798 74-28084 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock Number 024-001-02687-2 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract __ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ __ __ _ _ _ _ __ 1 Stratigraphy__:_Continued Introduction __________ ----------____ ----------------____ __ 1 Kingak Shale ---------------------------------------- 18 Purpose and scope ----------------------~------------- 1 Ignek Formation (abandoned) -------------------------- 20 Geographic setting ------------------------------------ 1 Okpikruak Formation (geographically restricted) ________ 21 Previous work and acknowledgments ------------------ 1 Kongakut Formation ---------------------------------- -
Understanding and Mapping Variability of the Niobrara Formation
UNDERSTANDING AND MAPPING VARIABILITY OF THE NIOBRARA FORMATION ACROSS WATTENBERG FIELD, DENVER BASIN by Nicholas Matthies A thesis submitted to the Faculty and the Board of Trustees of the Colorado School of Mines in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Geology). Golden, Colorado Date________________ Signed:____________________________________ Nicholas Matthies Signed:____________________________________ Dr. Stephen A. Sonnenberg Thesis Advisor Golden, Colorado Date:_______________ Signed:____________________________________ Dr. Paul Santi Professor and Head Department of Geology and Geological Engineering ii ABSTRACT Wattenberg Field has been a prolific producer of oil and gas since the 1970s, and a resurgence of activity in recent years in the Niobrara Formation has created the need for a detailed study of this area. This study focuses on mapping regional trends in stratigraphy, structure, and well log properties using digital well logs, 3D seismic data, and core X-ray diffraction data. Across Wattenberg, the Niobrara is divided into the Smoky Hill Member (made up of A Chalk, A Marl, B Chalk, B Marl, C Chalk, C Marl, and Basal Chalk/Marl) and the Fort Hays Limestone Member. Directly beneath the Niobrara, the Codell Sandstone is the uppermost part of the Carlile Formation. Stratigraphic trends in these units are primarily due to differential compaction and compensational sedimentation. The largest structural trend is a paleo-high that runs east-west to northeast-southwest across the middle of the field. It has a relief of about 100 ft, and is 20 mi wide. The A Chalk and A Marl show evidence of submarine erosion over this area. Faults mapped from 3D seismic data are consistent with previously published data on a proposed polygonal fault system in the Denver Basin. -
O'keefe, F. R. 2006
12 Neoteny and the Plesiomorphic Condition of the Plesiosaur Basicranium F. Robin O’Keefe Introduction Historically, the systematics of the Plesiosauria (Reptilia, Sauroptery- gia) were based largely on postcranial characters (Persson, 1963; Brown, 1981). Several factors account for this bias: plesiosaur skulls tend to be del- icate and are often crushed even when preserved, postcranial elements are relatively common and cranial elements are not, lack of knowledge about the relationships of stem-group sauropterygians, and lack of knowledge of plesiosaur cranial anatomy itself. However, recent detailed examinations of plesiosaur cranial anatomy have identified many characters of use in plesiosaur systematics (Brown, 1993; Cruickshank, 1994; Storrs & Taylor, 1996; Storrs, 1997; Carpenter, 1997; Evans, 1999; O’Keefe, 2001, 2004), and the systematics of the group have changed markedly in response (Carpenter, 1997; O’Keefe, 2001, 2004). The work of Rieppel and others has clarified the anatomy and relationships of stem-group sauropterygians (Storrs, 1991; see Rieppel, 2000, for review). This work has laid the anatomic and phylogenetic foundations for a better understanding of ple- siosaur cranial anatomy. The purpose of this paper is to describe the condition of the braincase in stratigraphically early and morphologically primitive plesiosaurs. In- formation on the braincase of plesiomorphic taxa is important because it establishes the polarity of characters occurring in more derived ple- siosaurs. This paper begins with a short review of braincase anatomy in stem-group sauropterygians. Data on braincase morphology of the ple- siomorphic plesiosaur genera Thalassiodracon and Eurycleidus are then presented and interpreted via comparison with other plesiosaurs, stem- group sauropterygians, and stem diapsids (Araeoscelis). -
Eine Fischfauna Aus Dem Oberen Buntsandstein (Unter-Trias)
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Beiträge zur naturkundlichen Forschung in Südwestdeutschland Jahr/Year: 1969 Band/Volume: 28 Autor(en)/Author(s): Jörg Erwin Artikel/Article: Eine Fischfauna aus dem Oberen Buntsandstein (Unter- Trias) von Karlsruhe-Durlach (Nordbaden) 87-102 Band Heft 2 S. 87-102 Karlsruhe, 1. 12.1969 Beitr. naturk. Forsch. SüdwDtl. XXVIII Eine Fischfauna aus dem Oberen Buntsandstein (Unter-Trias) von Karlsruhe-Durlach (Nordbaden) Von E rwin J örg (Aus den Landessammlungen für Naturkunde Karlsruhe) (mit 9 Fig. auf 4 Tafeln) Zusammenfassung: Seit der Mitte des vorigen Jahrhunderts sind aus dem Oberen Bunt sandstein (Unter-Trias) des Oberrheingebietes vereinzelte Fischfunde bekannt geworden. Es handelte sich dabei stets um Einzelfunde, die oft keine exakte Bestimmung zuließen. Die hier beschriebene Fischfauna entstammt einer fossilreichen Tonsteinlinse im Oberen Buntsandstein von Durlach (Nordbaden). Die Fauna wurde durch eine systematische Gra bung gewonnen. Es werden drei neue Arten von Actinopterygii beschrieben, die auch jeweils neuen Gattungen zuzuordnen sind. Die Genese der Tonsteinlinse wird diskutiert. Inhalt 1. Einleitung und Profil 2. Die bisherigen Fischfunde im Buntsandstein des Oberrheingebietes 3. Beschreibung der Gattungen und Arten 4. Zur Genese der Tonsteinlinse 5. Schrifttum 1. Einleitung und Profil. Die nachfolgend beschriebene Fischfauna stammt aus einer fossilreichen Tonsteinlinse im Oberen Plattensandstein (Werkstein) des Oberen Buntsandsteins aus dem Steinbruch „Hochstädt“ im Eisenhafengrund SE von Durlach (Bl. Ettlingen 1 : 25000 Nr. 7016). Da der Steinbruch in den letzten Jahren mit Müll verfüllt worden ist, geben wir seine ehe malige Lage mit den Koordinaten an: R: 3462700 H: 5427500. Es handelt sich um eine Linse von etwa 10 m Länge und einer maximalen Mächtigkeit von 32 cm. -
Fischfunde Im Oberen Buntsandstein (Untertrias) Von Karlsruhe-Durlach 1) Mit 3 Abbildungen Von Envrn Jörc'), Karlsruhe
Z. deutsdr. geol. Ges' s. 105-110 Hannover Band t2t Jahrgang 1969 3 Abb. September 1970 Fischfunde im Oberen Buntsandstein (Untertrias) von Karlsruhe-Durlach 1) Mit 3 Abbildungen Von EnvrN JöRc'), Karlsruhe Seit etwa derMitte des vorigenJahrhunderts sind aus demBuntsandstein,und hier fast ausnahmslos aus dem Oberen Buntsandstein (Plattensandstein) der Llmrahmung des südlichen Oberrheingrabens, wiederholt Funde von Fischen be- kannt geworden. Es handelte sich dabei immer um Einzelfunde, die reöts- rheinisch auf zwei Räume begrenzt blieben, den Dinkelberg nordostwärts von Basel und den Raum des südlichen Kraichgaus, ostwärts von Karlsruhe. Vom Dinkelberg sind zwischen den Jahren 1841 und 1856 vier Exemplare von Ganoid- fischen bekannt und später von DErcru (1889) bearbeitet worden (? Semionolus sp., Diclyopyge rhenonc Dercrc sowie zwei fragmentäre Exemplare eines Palaeonisciden gen. indet.). Aus dem südlichen Kraichgau, wo vor allem aus dem Plattensandstein von Grünwettersbadr zahlreidre Pflanzenversteinerungen be- kannt geworden sind, stammen an bisher beschriebenen Funden ein Pala-eoniscide, Pygopterus Crecelii WrrsEn (1923), und von Durlach ein Zahnfund eines Lungen- fisches, Cer atodus pslaeorancinolus Fnr,NrzrN (1 924). vom zuletzt genannten Fund berichtet FRENTZEN, daß er aus ,,graugrünen bis Iebhaft dunkelroten Tonmergelschichten stammt, die in der Gegend von Durlach als Lagen wechselnder Mäctrtigkeit oder auch in Form von Linsen im Oberteile des Plattensandsteins den eigentlichen Sandsteinen eingelagert sind", FnrwrzrN erwähnt aus der Fundschidrt auch das Vorkommen von Pflanzenresten und von S teins alzp seudomorphosen. Die nachfolgend beschriebene Fischfauna stammt aus einer fossilreichen Ton- steinlinse im Oberen Plattensandstein (Werkstein) des Oberen Buntsandsteins aus dem heute mit Müll verfüllten Steinbruch ,,Hodrstädt" im Eisenhafengrund SE von Durlach (Bl. Ettlingen l:25 000, Nr. -
(Diapsida: Saurosphargidae), with Implications for the Morphological Diversity and Phylogeny of the Group
Geol. Mag.: page 1 of 21. c Cambridge University Press 2013 1 doi:10.1017/S001675681300023X A new species of Largocephalosaurus (Diapsida: Saurosphargidae), with implications for the morphological diversity and phylogeny of the group ∗ CHUN LI †, DA-YONG JIANG‡, LONG CHENG§, XIAO-CHUN WU†¶ & OLIVIER RIEPPEL ∗ Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 643, Beijing 100044, China ‡Department of Geology and Geological Museum, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China §Wuhan Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Wuhan, 430223, PR China ¶Canadian Museum of Nature, PO Box 3443, STN ‘D’, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada Department of Geology, The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605-2496, USA (Received 31 July 2012; accepted 25 February 2013) Abstract – Largocephalosaurus polycarpon Cheng et al. 2012a was erected after the study of the skull and some parts of a skeleton and considered to be an eosauropterygian. Here we describe a new species of the genus, Largocephalosaurus qianensis, based on three specimens. The new species provides many anatomical details which were described only briefly or not at all in the type species, and clearly indicates that Largocephalosaurus is a saurosphargid. It differs from the type species mainly in having three premaxillary teeth, a very short retroarticular process, a large pineal foramen, two sacral vertebrae, and elongated small granular osteoderms mixed with some large ones along the lateral most side of the body. With additional information from the new species, we revise the diagnosis and the phylogenetic relationships of Largocephalosaurus and clarify a set of diagnostic features for the Saurosphargidae Li et al. -
Ichthyosaur Species Valid Taxa Acamptonectes Fischer Et Al., 2012: Acamptonectes Densus Fischer Et Al., 2012, Lower Cretaceous, Eng- Land, Germany
Ichthyosaur species Valid taxa Acamptonectes Fischer et al., 2012: Acamptonectes densus Fischer et al., 2012, Lower Cretaceous, Eng- land, Germany. Aegirosaurus Bardet and Fernández, 2000: Aegirosaurus leptospondylus (Wagner 1853), Upper Juras- sic–Lower Cretaceous?, Germany, Austria. Arthropterygius Maxwell, 2010: Arthropterygius chrisorum (Russell, 1993), Upper Jurassic, Canada, Ar- gentina?. Athabascasaurus Druckenmiller and Maxwell, 2010: Athabascasaurus bitumineus Druckenmiller and Maxwell, 2010, Lower Cretaceous, Canada. Barracudasauroides Maisch, 2010: Barracudasauroides panxianensis (Jiang et al., 2006), Middle Triassic, China. Besanosaurus Dal Sasso and Pinna, 1996: Besanosaurus leptorhynchus Dal Sasso and Pinna, 1996, Middle Triassic, Italy, Switzerland. Brachypterygius Huene, 1922: Brachypterygius extremus (Boulenger, 1904), Upper Jurassic, Engand; Brachypterygius mordax (McGowan, 1976), Upper Jurassic, England; Brachypterygius pseudoscythius (Efimov, 1998), Upper Jurassic, Russia; Brachypterygius alekseevi (Arkhangelsky, 2001), Upper Jurassic, Russia; Brachypterygius cantabridgiensis (Lydekker, 1888a), Lower Cretaceous, England. Californosaurus Kuhn, 1934: Californosaurus perrini (Merriam, 1902), Upper Triassic USA. Callawayia Maisch and Matzke, 2000: Callawayia neoscapularis (McGowan, 1994), Upper Triassic, Can- ada. Caypullisaurus Fernández, 1997: Caypullisaurus bonapartei Fernández, 1997, Upper Jurassic, Argentina. Chaohusaurus Young and Dong, 1972: Chaohusaurus geishanensis Young and Dong, 1972, Lower Trias- sic, China. -
A Ne\T Prolacertiform Reptile from the Late Triassic of Northern Italy
Riv. It. Paleont. Strat. v. 100 n.2 pp. 285-306 tav. 1-3 Ottobre 1994 A NE\T PROLACERTIFORM REPTILE FROM THE LATE TRIASSIC OF NORTHERN ITALY SLVIO RENESTO Key-uords: Langobardisaurus pandolfii, New Genus, Reptilia, Diapsida, Late Triassic, Description, Palaeoecology. Riassunto. Vengono descritti due esemplari di Renili fossili raccolti a Cene (Val Seriana, Bergamo), nel Calcare di Zorzino (Norico Medio, Triassico Superiore). I due esemplari provengono dal medesimo strato e presentano caratteri scheletrici pressochè identici, per cui possono essere considerati conspecifici con ragione- vole cerf.ezza. Possono inohre essere classificati come appartenenti all' ordine dei Prolacertiformi. I confronti con i taxa già noti, consentono di ritenerli come appartenenti ad un genere ed una specie nuovi per la scienza: Langobardisaurus pand.olfii. Le caratteristiche dello scheletro suggeriscono infine che Langobardisaurus fosse un rettile terrestre e si nutrisse prevalentemente di insetti. Absúact. A new diapsid reptile is described from the locality of Cene (Seriana Valley, near Bergamo, Lombardy, Northern ltaly) from an outcrop of the Calcare di Zorzino (Zorzino Limestone) Formation (Middle Norian, Late Triassic). It is based on virtually identical specimens, differing only in size. Analysis of available diagnostic characters allows it to be included in the Prolacertiformes, represenring a new genus and species, Langobardisaurus pandolfi probably related to Macrocnemus, possibly to Cosesaums, and to the Tany- stropheìdae. It is assumed here that Langobardisaurus pandolfii was adapted to a terrestrial mode of life and probably to an insectivorous diet. Introduction. The Norian (Late Triassic) vertebrate localities from the Bergamo Prealps (Lom- bardy, Northern Italy) are of worldwide interest for the diversity and importance of their faunas. -
Tiago Rodrigues Simões
Diapsid Phylogeny and the Origin and Early Evolution of Squamates by Tiago Rodrigues Simões A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta © Tiago Rodrigues Simões, 2018 ABSTRACT Squamate reptiles comprise over 10,000 living species and hundreds of fossil species of lizards, snakes and amphisbaenians, with their origins dating back at least as far back as the Middle Jurassic. Despite this enormous diversity and a long evolutionary history, numerous fundamental questions remain to be answered regarding the early evolution and origin of this major clade of tetrapods. Such long-standing issues include identifying the oldest fossil squamate, when exactly did squamates originate, and why morphological and molecular analyses of squamate evolution have strong disagreements on fundamental aspects of the squamate tree of life. Additionally, despite much debate, there is no existing consensus over the composition of the Lepidosauromorpha (the clade that includes squamates and their sister taxon, the Rhynchocephalia), making the squamate origin problem part of a broader and more complex reptile phylogeny issue. In this thesis, I provide a series of taxonomic, phylogenetic, biogeographic and morpho-functional contributions to shed light on these problems. I describe a new taxon that overwhelms previous hypothesis of iguanian biogeography and evolution in Gondwana (Gueragama sulamericana). I re-describe and assess the functional morphology of some of the oldest known articulated lizards in the world (Eichstaettisaurus schroederi and Ardeosaurus digitatellus), providing clues to the ancestry of geckoes, and the early evolution of their scansorial behaviour. -
Lombardy 2012 Part A
Pan-European Correlation of the Triassic 9th International Field Workshop September 1-5, 2012 The Middle-Late Triassic of Lombardy (I) and Canton Ticino (CH) By Flavio Jadoul and Andrea Tintori 2 This Field Trip had support from: Convenzione dei Comuni italiani del Monte San Giorgio/UNESCO Fondazione UNESCO- Monte San Giorgio Svizzera Comunità Montana della Valsassina, Valvarrone, Val d’Esino e Riviera Parco Regionale della Grigna Settentrionale 3 September 2, first day by Andrea Tintori and Markus Felber MONTE SAN GIORGIO IS UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE Monte San Giorgio is among the most important fossil-bearing sites in the world, in particular concerning the middle Triassic fauna (245-230 million years ago). Following the UNESCO inscription of the Swiss side of the mountain in 2003, the Italian side has been inscribed in 2010, stating that: “Monte San Giorgio is the only and best known evidence of the marine Triassic life but also preserves some important remains of terrestrial organisms. The numerous and diverse fossil finds are exceptionally preserved and complete. The long history of the research and the controlled management of the paleontological resources have allowed thorough studies and the classification of exceptional specimens which are the basis for a rich scientific paper production. For all these reasons Monte San Giorgio represents the main reference in the world concerning the Triassic faunas.” 4 THE GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF MONTE SAN GIORGIO Monte San Giorgio belongs to the broad tectonic feature named Sudalpino , which encompasses all the rock formations lying South of the Insubric Line. The oldest rocks of Monte San Giorgio outcrop in spots along the shores of the Ceresio Lake, between the Brusino Arsizio custom house and the built-up area of Porto Ceresio. -
Osteichthyes, Actinopterygii) from the Early Triassic of Northwestern Madagascar
Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia (Research in Paleontology and Stratigraphy) vol. 123(2): 219-242. July 2017 REDESCRIPTION OF ‘PERLEIDUS’ (OSTEICHTHYES, ACTINOPTERYGII) FROM THE EARLY TRIASSIC OF NORTHWESTERN MADAGASCAR GIUSEPPE MARRAMÀ1*, CRISTINA LOMBARDO2, ANDREA TINTORI2 & GIORGIO CARNEVALE3 1*Corresponding author. Department of Paleontology, University of Vienna, Geozentrum, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria. E-mail: [email protected] 2Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 34, I-20133 Milano, Italy. E-mail: cristina.lombardo@ unimi.it; [email protected] 3Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Torino, Italy. E-mail: giorgio.carnevale@ unito.it To cite this article: Marramà G., Lombardo C., Tintori A. & Carnevale G. (2017) - Redescription of ‘Perleidus’ (Osteichthyes, Actinopterygii) from the Early Triassic of northwestern Madagascar . Riv. It. Paleontol. Strat., 123(2): 219-242. Keywords: Teffichthys gen. n.; TEFF; Ankitokazo basin; geometric morphometrics; intraspecific variation; basal actinopterygians. Abstract. The revision of the material from the Lower Triassic fossil-bearing-nodule levels from northwe- stern Madagascar supports the assumption that the genus Perleidus De Alessandri, 1910 is not present in the Early Triassic. In the past, the presence of this genus has been reported in the Early Triassic of Angola, Canada, China, Greenland, Madagascar and Spitsbergen. More recently, it has been pointed out that these taxa may not be ascri- bed to Perleidus owing to several anatomical differences. The morphometric, meristic and morphological analyses revealed a remarkable ontogenetic and individual intraspecific variation among dozens of specimens from the lower Triassic of Ankitokazo basin, northwestern Madagascar and allowed to consider the two Malagasyan species P. -
Upper Triassic) of Guizhou, South China
Research Advances A New Discovery of Colobodus Agassiz, 1844 (Colobodontidae) from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Guizhou, South China LI Ji1,*, LUO Yongming2, WANG Yue1, XU Guangfu1, MA Zhiheng1,3 1 College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China 2 Geological Survey of Guizhou, Guiyang 550004, China 3.Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chongqing 400042, China Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] Objective Palaeoichthyology has been identified a research hotspot since abundant Triassic ichthyolite was discovered in Monte San Giorgio and South China. Critical review of the Colobodontidae reveals that this family has important research value. Furthermore, the family Perleididae Brough, 1931 and the probably paraphyletic ‘Perleidus group’ Gardiner & Schaeffer, 1989 have been implicitly regarded a synonym of the unsatisfactorily defined family Colobodontidae. Until 2002, Colobodontidae had been universally accepted as a significant taxon among all Triassic ichthyolite. However, the most colobodontids are probably confined to the Anisian and Ladinian in the Western Tethys. A well-preserved colobodontid discovered in Guizhou, South China, throws new light on its distribution and stratigraphic range. Methods A specimen was collected at the Wusha village of Xingyi City, Guizhou Province, South China and is preserved in the Geological Museum of Guizhou Province. The repair work was completed in a physical way in the laboratory of the Department of Geology, Guizhou University. Photographing the specimen was done by a 3D Microscope VHX-100k and drawings were made with reference to the digital photographs. Results This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record.