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“C.S. Lewis: New Twentieth Century Christian Writer”

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“C.S. Lewis: New Twentieth Century Christian Writer” UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIÓN CARRERA DE LENGUA Y LITERATURA INGLESA “C.S. LEWIS: NEW TWENTIETH CENTURY CHRISTIAN WRITER” Trabajo investigativo previo a la obtención del título de Licenciado en Ciencias de la Educación en la Especialización de Lengua y Literatura Inglesa. Autores: Diego Fernando Patiño Juela Javier Santiago Pacho Pesantez Directora: Magíster Sandra Leonor Cabrera Moreno Cuenca – Ecuador 2015 Autores: Diego Fernando Patiño Juela Javier Santiago Pacho Pesantez 1 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA RESUMEN Esta monografía intenta reflejar la realidad sobre la religión y diferencias sobre el Cristianismo y Catolicismo basándose en las maneras en que Católicos y Cristianos son enseñados para adorar a Dios desde el punto de vista de C.S. Lewis y una de sus más grandes obras titulada Las Cartas del Diablo a su sobrino y Las Crónicas de Narnia. Para este objetivo es necesario analizar las escenas y personajes que representarían algunos pasajes de la Sagrada Biblia. Screwtape, Wornwood, y Aslan resultan parte de la vida del autor los cuales son expuestos en algunos capítulos especialmente en Las Crónicas de Narnia. Este trabajo podría ser considerado como punto de partida para conocer a cerca de lo que se refiere a literatura Cristiana y su autor, debido a la exposición de las partes más relevantes de las Sagradas Escrituras a través de metáforas que revelan los errores del ser humano y como Dios se dirige a sus hijos según las obras las cuales fueron realizadas en la tierra. En el caso de Las Cartas del Diablo a su Sobrino el mantiene la doctrina del pecado mortal asumiendo sus creencias en el sistema Católico de pecado y penitencia. Por otra parte Las Crónicas de Narnia se enfatizan en las etapas tempranas de la vida del autor la cual influencio en los siete libros presentes en esta saga. La interminable batalla entre Dios y Satanás es la principal tarea para los seres humanos y el punto principal para un análisis por el cual la religión ha sido manejada para hacer el bien y el mal por diversos movimientos que la consideran el recurso único y principal para obtener el Cielo y la única vía que Dios tiene para acercar a sus hijos hacia él. Palabras Clave: Cristianismo, Dios, Religión, Creación Autores: Diego Fernando Patiño Juela Javier Santiago Pacho Pesantez 2 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA ABSTRACT This monograph aims to reflect the reality about religion from the point of view of C.S. Lewis who analyzes the differences between Christianity and Catholicism in two of his remarkable fantasy novels: The Screwtape Letters and The Chronicles of Narnia. To achieve our purpose, scenes and characters presented in Lewis‟s works were compared to those in the passages of the Holy Bible: Screwtape, Wormwood, Aslan, among others. Some chapters of the novels, especially The Chronicles of Narnia, reveal the author‟s life. This work must therefore be considered a starting point to know C.S. Lewis and his Christian Literature, in which the most relevant parts of the Holy Scriptures, through metaphorical events expose human beings‟ faults and the way God makes His sons regret their acts. In The Screwtape Letters, the Christian doctrine of mortal sin is explained in the context of the Catholic system of penance. On the other hand, The Chronicles of Narnia have to do with the early stages of his life which have greatly influenced the seven books of the saga. The struggle between God and Satan is regarded by Lewis as an important aspect to be analyzed by human beings, considering religion a tool that has been used for doing good and evil, since many movements have taken religion as the only way to approach God, sometimes not in an appropriate way. Key Words: Christianity, God, Religion, Creation Autores: Diego Fernando Patiño Juela Javier Santiago Pacho Pesantez 3 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA INDEX INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 19 METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................... 20 General Objective .................................................................................................. 20 Research Methodology .......................................................................................... 20 CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................ 21 C.S. LEWIS BIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................... 21 1.1 General aspects about his life .......................................................................... 21 1.2 J.R.R. Tolkien: Friendship and Conversion to Christianity ............................... 24 1.3 The Inklings ...................................................................................................... 26 1.4 Works, Influences and Writing Style ................................................................. 28 CHAPTER TWO ........................................................................................................ 32 THE SCREWTAPE LETTERS .................................................................................. 32 2.1 Brief introduction to The Screwtape Letters ..................................................... 32 2.2 Letter I .............................................................................................................. 33 2.3 Letter II ............................................................................................................. 34 2.4 Letter III ............................................................................................................ 36 2.5 Letter IV ........................................................................................................... 37 2.6 Letter V ............................................................................................................ 38 2.7 Letter VI ........................................................................................................... 39 2.8 Letter VII .......................................................................................................... 40 2.9 Letter VIII.......................................................................................................... 41 2.10 Letter IX......................................................................................................... 42 2.11 Letter X .......................................................................................................... 43 Autores: Diego Fernando Patiño Juela Javier Santiago Pacho Pesantez 4 UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA 2.12 Letter XI......................................................................................................... 44 2.13 Letter XII......................................................................................................... 45 2.14 Letter XIII....................................................................................................... 46 2.15 Letter XIV ....................................................................................................... 47 2.16 Letter XV ....................................................................................................... 48 2.17 Letter XVI ....................................................................................................... 49 2.18 Letter XVII ..................................................................................................... 50 2.19 Letter XVIII .................................................................................................... 51 2.20 Letter XIX ....................................................................................................... 53 2.21 Letter XX ....................................................................................................... 54 2.22 Letter XXI ...................................................................................................... 55 2.23 Letter XXII ..................................................................................................... 56 2.24 Letter XXIII .................................................................................................... 56 2.25 Letter XXIV ..................................................................................................... 57 2.26 Letter XXV ...................................................................................................... 58 2.27 Letter XXVI ..................................................................................................... 59 2.28 Letter XXVII .................................................................................................... 60 2.29 Letter XXVIII ................................................................................................... 61 2.30 Letter XXIX ..................................................................................................... 62 2.31 Letter XXX ...................................................................................................... 63 2.32 Letter XXXI .................................................................................................... 64 2.33 Screwtape proposes a toast ........................................................................... 65 CHAPTER THREE .................................................................................................... 69 THE CHRONICLES OF NARNIA .............................................................................
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