The Meteoritical Bulletin, No. 89, 2005 September
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Zinc and Copper Isotopic Fractionation During Planetary Differentiation Heng Chen Washington University in St
Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations Arts & Sciences Winter 12-15-2014 Zinc and Copper Isotopic Fractionation during Planetary Differentiation Heng Chen Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Chen, Heng, "Zinc and Copper Isotopic Fractionation during Planetary Differentiation" (2014). Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 360. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds/360 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts & Sciences at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Dissertation Examination Committee: Bradley L. Jolliff, Chair Jeffrey G. Catalano Bruce Fegley, Jr. Michael J. Krawczynski Frédéric Moynier Zinc and Copper Isotopic Fractionation during Planetary Differentiation by Heng Chen A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2014 St. Louis, Missouri Copyright © 2014, Heng Chen All rights reserved. Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES -
The Origin and History of Ordinary Chondrites: a Study by Iron Isotope Measurements of Metal Grains from Ordinary Chondrites
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 72 (2008) 4440–4456 www.elsevier.com/locate/gca The origin and history of ordinary chondrites: A study by iron isotope measurements of metal grains from ordinary chondrites K.J. Theis a,*, R. Burgess a, I.C. Lyon a, D.W. Sears b a School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK b Arkansas Center for Space and Planetary Science and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA Received 15 August 2007; accepted in revised form 30 May 2008; available online 14 June 2008 Abstract Chondrules and chondrites provide unique insights into early solar system origin and history, and iron plays a critical role in defining the properties of these objects. In order to understand the processes that formed chondrules and chondrites, and introduced isotopic fractionation of iron isotopes, we measured stable iron isotope ratios 56Fe/54Fe and 57Fe/54Fe in metal grains separated from 18 ordinary chondrites, of classes H, L and LL, ranging from petrographic types 3–6 using multi-col- lector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The d56Fe values range from À0.06 ± 0.01 to +0.30 ± 0.04& and d57Fe values are À0.09 ± 0.02 to +0.55 ± 0.05& (relative to IRMM-014 iron isotope standard). Where comparisons are possible, these data are in good agreement with published data. We found no systematic difference between falls and finds, suggesting that terrestrial weathering effects are not important in controlling the isotopic fractionations in our samples. -
Finegrained Precursors Dominate the Micrometeorite Flux
Meteoritics & Planetary Science 47, Nr 4, 550–564 (2012) doi: 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2011.01292.x Fine-grained precursors dominate the micrometeorite flux Susan TAYLOR1*, Graciela MATRAJT2, and Yunbin GUAN3 1Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755–1290, USA 2University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA 3Geological & Planetary Sciences MC 170-25, Caltech, Pasadena, California 91125, USA *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] (Received 15 May 2011; revision accepted 22 September 2011) Abstract–We optically classified 5682 micrometeorites (MMs) from the 2000 South Pole collection into textural classes, imaged 2458 of these MMs with a scanning electron microscope, and made 200 elemental and eight isotopic measurements on those with unusual textures or relict phases. As textures provide information on both degree of heating and composition of MMs, we developed textural sequences that illustrate how fine-grained, coarse-grained, and single mineral MMs change with increased heating. We used this information to determine the percentage of matrix dominated to mineral dominated precursor materials (precursors) that produced the MMs. We find that at least 75% of the MMs in the collection derived from fine-grained precursors with compositions similar to CI and CM meteorites and consistent with dynamical models that indicate 85% of the mass influx of small particles to Earth comes from Jupiter family comets. A lower limit for ordinary chondrites is estimated at 2–8% based on MMs that contain Na-bearing plagioclase relicts. Less than 1% of the MMs have achondritic compositions, CAI components, or recognizable chondrules. Single mineral MMs often have magnetite zones around their peripheries. -
Early Fracturing and Impact Residue Emplacement: Can Modelling Help to Predict Their Location in Major Craters?
Early fracturing and impact residue emplacement: Can modelling help to predict their location in major craters? Item Type Proceedings; text Authors Kearsley, A.; Graham, G.; McDonnell, T.; Bland, P.; Hough, R.; Helps, P. Citation Kearsley, A., Graham, G., McDonnell, T., Bland, P., Hough, R., & Helps, P. (2004). Early fracturing and impact residue emplacement: Can modelling help to predict their location in major craters?. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 39(2), 247-265. DOI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2004.tb00339.x Publisher The Meteoritical Society Journal Meteoritics & Planetary Science Rights Copyright © The Meteoritical Society Download date 23/09/2021 21:19:20 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/655802 Meteoritics & Planetary Science 39, Nr 2, 247–265 (2004) Abstract available online at http://meteoritics.org Early fracturing and impact residue emplacement: Can modelling help to predict their location in major craters? Anton KEARSLEY,1* Giles GRAHAM,2 Tony McDONNELL,3 Phil BLAND,4 Rob HOUGH,5 and Paul HELPS6 1Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK 2Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA 3Planetary and Space Sciences Research Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK 4Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK 5Museum of Western Australia, Francis Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia 6School of Earth Sciences and Geography, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE, UK *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] (Received 30 June 2003; revision accepted 15 December 2003) Abstract–Understanding the nature and composition of larger extraterrestrial bodies that may collide with the Earth is important. -
A New Primitive Achondrite from Northwest Africa
A New Primitive Achondrite from Northwest Africa Kseniya K. Androsova* University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada [email protected] and Alan R. Hildebrand University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada Summary The winonaite and acapulcoite/lodranite meteorites constitute small groups of primitive achondrites that have experienced thermal metamorphism sometimes accompanied by varying degrees of partial melting. Petrographic and elemental abundance studies [optical microscope observations and electron microprobe analysis] have been conducted on several meteorites recovered in Northwest Africa (NWA). One meteorite has fine-grained, granulitic texture, abundant, evenly distributed metal and troilite grains, and highly reduced mineral compositions [Olivine (Fa6.0±0.4), low-Ca pyroxene (Fs7.5±0.4, Wo1.3±0.2), high-Ca pyroxene (Fs3.2±0.2, Wo45.8±0.7)]. Based on these criteria it appears that the data are consistent with the sample being a winonaite. The overall textural resemblance of this meteorite to NWA 1463 and /or NWA 725 (somewhat anomalous) winonaites (both having multiple relict chondrules) may suggest that this meteorite is paired with one or both. Although, until its oxygen isotope composition is obtained the classification of this meteorite as a winonaite (vs. as an acapulcoite) remains uncertain, its primitive achondritic nature is quite evident. Introduction The winonaite meteorites represent a class of rare primitive achondrites (together with the acapulcoite/lodranite association) that have sometimes undergone partial melting but generally have chondritic mineralogy and composition. Winonaites can be characterized by fine- to medium-grained, mostly granulitic textures, highly reduced mineral compositions, and unique oxygen isotope signatures (Benedix et al., 1998). Although most of the winonaites lack chondrules, several have been reported to have regions containing relict chondrules. -
Siderophile Elements and Molybdenum, Tungsten, And
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: SIDEROPHILE ELEMENTS AND MOLYBDENUM, TUNGSTEN, AND OSMIUM ISOTOPES AS TRACERS OF PLANETARY GENETICS AND DIFFERENTIATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE IAB IRON METEORITE COMPLEX Emily Anne Worsham, Doctor of Philosophy, 2016 Dissertation directed by: Professor Richard Walker, Department of Geology Isotopic and trace element abundance data for iron meteorites and chondrites are presented in order to investigate the nature of genetic relations between and among meteorite groups. Nebular and planetary diversity and processes, such as differentiation, can be better understood through study of IAB complex iron meteorites. This is a large group of chemically and texturally similar meteorites that likely represent metals with a thermal history unlike most other iron meteorite groups, which sample the cores of differentiated planetesimals. The IAB complex contains a number of chemical subgroups. Trace element determination and modeling, Re/Os isotopic systematics, nucleosynthetic Mo isotopic data, and 182Hf-182W geochronology are used to determine the crystallization history, genetics, and relative metal-silicate segregation ages of the IAB iron meteorite complex. Highly siderophile element abundances in IAB complex meteorites demonstrate that diverse crystallization mechanisms are represented in the IAB complex. Relative abundances of volatile siderophile elements also suggest late condensation of some IAB precursor materials. Improvements in the procedures for the separation, purification, and high- precision analysis of Mo have led to a ~2 fold increase in the precision of 97Mo/96Mo isotope ratio measurements, compared to previously published methods. Cosmic ray exposure-corrected Mo isotopic compositions of IAB complex irons indicate that at least three parent bodies are represented in the complex. The Hf-W metal-silicate segregation model ages of IAB complex subgroups suggests that at least four metal segregation events occurred among the various IAB parent bodies. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Primitive and Differentiated
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Primitive and differentiated achondrite meteorites and partial melting in the early Solar System A Thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in Earth Sciences By Christopher Andrew Corder Committee in charge: Professor James M. D. Day, Chair Professor Geoffrey W. Cook Professor David R. Stegman 2015 © Christopher Andrew Corder, 2015 All rights reserved. The Thesis of Christopher Corder is approved and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2015 iii Dedication This manuscript would be far from complete without thanking those who helped set the stage for the many hours of work it documents, and those thank-yous would be far from complete without recognizing my parents and their unwavering support throughout years of study. I know I was the one in the lab, but I never would have made it there, or to my defense, or through any of the long days and nights if it weren’t for you both. Thank you, so much. I’d love to thank my entire family, especially Stephen. You’re a brother Stephen, and you encourage me more than you know. Whenever it seemed like research was going nowhere, you were there to remind me why science is always a worthwhile endeavor. Even more importantly you remind me, by example, that there are exceptional people in this world. Many thanks are due to the lab group I worked with and other smart folks at SIO. First of all, thank you James for trusting this intriguing suite of meteorites to my care. -
The Mineralogy of the Yaringie Hill Meteorite—A New H5 Chondrite from South Australia
The mineralogy of the Yaringie Hill meteorite —A new H5 chondrite from South Australia Item Type Article; text Authors Tappert, R.; Foden, J.; Pring, A. Citation Tappert, R., Foden, J., & Pring, A. (2009). The mineralogy of the Yaringie Hill meteorite—A new H5 chondrite from South Australia. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 44(11), 1687-1693. DOI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.tb01199.x Publisher The Meteoritical Society Journal Meteoritics & Planetary Science Rights Copyright © The Meteoritical Society Download date 03/10/2021 21:14:20 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/656634 Meteoritics & Planetary Science 44, Nr 11, 1687–1693 (2009) Abstract available online at http://meteoritics.org The mineralogy of the Yaringie Hill meteorite—A new H5 chondrite from South Australia Ralf TAPPERT1*, John FODEN1, and Allan PRING2 1University of Adelaide, Geology and Geophysics, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia 2South Australian Museum, Science Centre, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] (Received 26 May 2009; revision accepted 24 July 2009) Abstract–The Yaringie Hill meteorite is a new H5 ordinary chondrite found in the Gawler Ranges, South Australia. The meteorite, which shows only minor signs of terrestrial weathering, is predominantly composed of olivine (Fa17.2), orthopyroxene (Fs15.1Wo1.1), and three distinct phases of nickeliferous iron metal (kamacite, taenite, tetrataenite). Other minerals include troilite, plagioclase (Ab81An16Or3), clinopyroxene (En52Wo42Fs6), chlorapatite, merrillite, ilmenite, and native copper. Three types of spinel with distinctive textures (coarse, skeletal aggregates, rounded aggregates) and with compositions close to the join MgAl2O4-FeCr2O4 are also present. -
Oxygen Isotopic and Chemical Composition of Chromites in Micrometeorites: Evidence of Ordinary Chondrite Precursors N
Oxygen isotopic and chemical composition of chromites in micrometeorites: Evidence of ordinary chondrite precursors N. Rudraswami, Yves Marrocchi, M. Shyam Prasad, D. Fernandes, Johan Villeneuve, S. Taylor To cite this version: N. Rudraswami, Yves Marrocchi, M. Shyam Prasad, D. Fernandes, Johan Villeneuve, et al.. Oxygen isotopic and chemical composition of chromites in micrometeorites: Evidence of ordinary chondrite pre- cursors. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, Wiley, 2019, 54 (6), pp.1347-1361. 10.1111/maps.13281. hal-02357526 HAL Id: hal-02357526 https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-02357526 Submitted on 10 Nov 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 Title: 2 Oxygen isotopic and chemical composition of chromites in micrometeorites: Evidence of 3 ordinary chondrite precursors 4 5 N. G. Rudraswami1*, Yves Marrocchi2, M. Shyam Prasad1, D. Fernandes1, Johan 6 Villeneuve2, S. Taylor 3 7 1National Institute of Oceanography (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), 8 Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India 9 10 2CRPG, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, UMR 7358, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, F-54501, France 11 12 3Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, New 13 Hampshire 03755–1290, USA 14 15 16 17 18 Corresponding Author: [email protected]; [email protected] 19 20 21 22 23 24 (September 2018) 25 (MAPS) 26 27 28 1 29 Abstract 30 We identified 66 chromite grains from 42 of ~5000 micrometeorites collected from Indian 31 Ocean deep-sea sediments and the South Pole water well. -
1 Unique Achondrite Northwest Africa 11042: Exploring the Melting And
Unique achondrite Northwest Africa 11042: Exploring the melting and breakup of the L Chondrite parent body Zoltan Vaci1,2, Carl B. Agee1,2, Munir Humayun3, Karen Ziegler1,2, Yemane Asmerom2, Victor Polyak2, Henner Busemann4, Daniela Krietsch4, Matthew Heizler5, Matthew E. Sanborn6, and Qing-Zhu Yin6 1Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 2Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. 3National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Dept. of Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA. 4Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland. 5New Mexico Bureau of Geology, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM. 6Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA. Abstract Northwest Africa (NWA) 11042 is a heavily shocked achondrite with medium-grained cumulate textures. Its olivine and pyroxene compositions, oxygen isotopic composition, and chromium isotopic composition are consistent with L chondrites. Sm-Nd dating of its primary phases shows a crystallization age of 4100±160 Ma. Ar-Ar dating of its shocked mineral maskelynite reveals an age of 484.0±1.5 Ma. This age coincides roughly with the breakup event of the L chondrite parent body evident in the shock ages of many L chondrites and the terrestrial record of fossil L chondritic chromite. NWA 11042 shows large depletions in siderophile elements (<0.01×CI) suggestive of a complex igneous history involving extraction of a Fe-Ni-S liquid on the L chondrite parent body. Due to its relatively young crystallization age, the heat source for such an igneous process is most likely impact. -
(2000) Forging Asteroid-Meteorite Relationships Through Reflectance
Forging Asteroid-Meteorite Relationships through Reflectance Spectroscopy by Thomas H. Burbine Jr. B.S. Physics Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1988 M.S. Geology and Planetary Science University of Pittsburgh, 1991 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF EARTH, ATMOSPHERIC, AND PLANETARY SCIENCES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN PLANETARY SCIENCES AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY FEBRUARY 2000 © 2000 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. All rights reserved. Signature of Author: Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences December 30, 1999 Certified by: Richard P. Binzel Professor of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Thesis Supervisor Accepted by: Ronald G. Prinn MASSACHUSES INSTMUTE Professor of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Department Head JA N 0 1 2000 ARCHIVES LIBRARIES I 3 Forging Asteroid-Meteorite Relationships through Reflectance Spectroscopy by Thomas H. Burbine Jr. Submitted to the Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences on December 30, 1999 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Planetary Sciences ABSTRACT Near-infrared spectra (-0.90 to ~1.65 microns) were obtained for 196 main-belt and near-Earth asteroids to determine plausible meteorite parent bodies. These spectra, when coupled with previously obtained visible data, allow for a better determination of asteroid mineralogies. Over half of the observed objects have estimated diameters less than 20 k-m. Many important results were obtained concerning the compositional structure of the asteroid belt. A number of small objects near asteroid 4 Vesta were found to have near-infrared spectra similar to the eucrite and howardite meteorites, which are believed to be derived from Vesta. -
Chondrules Reveal Large-Scale Outward Transport of Inner Solar System Materials in the Protoplanetary Disk
Chondrules reveal large-scale outward transport of inner Solar System materials in the protoplanetary disk Curtis D. Williamsa,1, Matthew E. Sanborna, Céline Defouilloyb,2, Qing-Zhu Yina,1, Noriko T. Kitab, Denton S. Ebelc, Akane Yamakawaa,3, and Katsuyuki Yamashitad aDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; bWiscSIMS, Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706; cDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024; and dGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Kita-ku, 700-8530 Okayama, Japan Edited by H. J. Melosh, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, and approved August 9, 2020 (received for review March 19, 2020) Dynamic models of the protoplanetary disk indicate there should actually be composed of solids with diverse formation histories be large-scale material transport in and out of the inner Solar Sys- and, thus, distinct isotope signatures, which can only be revealed tem, but direct evidence for such transport is scarce. Here we show by studying individual components in primitive chondritic me- that the e50Ti-e54Cr-Δ17O systematics of large individual chon- teorites (e.g., chondrules). Chondrules are millimeter-sized drules, which typically formed 2 to 3 My after the formation of spherules that evolved as free-floating objects processed by the first solids in the Solar System, indicate certain meteorites (CV transient heating in the protoplanetary disk (1) and represent a and CK chondrites) that formed in the outer Solar System accreted major solid component (by volume) of the disk that is accreted an assortment of both inner and outer Solar System materials, as into most chondrites.