Parrot Finches in Aviculture
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RATES of KARYOTYPIC EVOLUTION in ESTRILDID FINCHES DIFFER BETWEEN 4 ISLAND and CONTINENTAL CLADES 5 6 Daniel M
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/013987; this version posted January 19, 2015. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 1 2 3 RATES OF KARYOTYPIC EVOLUTION IN ESTRILDID FINCHES DIFFER BETWEEN 4 ISLAND AND CONTINENTAL CLADES 5 6 Daniel M. Hooper1,2 and Trevor D. Price3 7 8 1Commitee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 9 2 E-mail: [email protected] 10 3Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 11 12 13 Sunday, January 18, 2015 14 15 16 Running head: Chromosome inversions in finches 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/013987; this version posted January 19, 2015. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 2 35 Reasons why chromosomal rearrangements spread to fixation and frequently distinguish 36 related taxa remain poorly understood. We used cytological descriptions of karyotype to 37 identify large pericentric inversions between species of Estrildid finches (family 38 Estrildidae) and a time-dated phylogeny to assess the genomic, geographic, and 39 phylogenetic context of karyotype evolution in this group. -
Phylogeography of Finches and Sparrows
In: Animal Genetics ISBN: 978-1-60741-844-3 Editor: Leopold J. Rechi © 2009 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Chapter 1 PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF FINCHES AND SPARROWS Antonio Arnaiz-Villena*, Pablo Gomez-Prieto and Valentin Ruiz-del-Valle Department of Immunology, University Complutense, The Madrid Regional Blood Center, Madrid, Spain. ABSTRACT Fringillidae finches form a subfamily of songbirds (Passeriformes), which are presently distributed around the world. This subfamily includes canaries, goldfinches, greenfinches, rosefinches, and grosbeaks, among others. Molecular phylogenies obtained with mitochondrial DNA sequences show that these groups of finches are put together, but with some polytomies that have apparently evolved or radiated in parallel. The time of appearance on Earth of all studied groups is suggested to start after Middle Miocene Epoch, around 10 million years ago. Greenfinches (genus Carduelis) may have originated at Eurasian desert margins coming from Rhodopechys obsoleta (dessert finch) or an extinct pale plumage ancestor; it later acquired green plumage suitable for the greenfinch ecological niche, i.e.: woods. Multicolored Eurasian goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) has a genetic extant ancestor, the green-feathered Carduelis citrinella (citril finch); this was thought to be a canary on phonotypical bases, but it is now included within goldfinches by our molecular genetics phylograms. Speciation events between citril finch and Eurasian goldfinch are related with the Mediterranean Messinian salinity crisis (5 million years ago). Linurgus olivaceus (oriole finch) is presently thriving in Equatorial Africa and was included in a separate genus (Linurgus) by itself on phenotypical bases. Our phylograms demonstrate that it is and old canary. Proposed genus Acanthis does not exist. Twite and linnet form a separate radiation from redpolls. -
Southern Ecuador: Tumbesian Rarities and Highland Endemics Jan 21 – Feb 7, 2010
Southern Ecuador: Tumbesian Rarities and Highland Endemics Jan 21 – Feb 7, 2010 SOUTHERN ECUADOR : Tumbesian Rarities and Highland Endemics January 21 – February 7, 2010 JOCOTOCO ANTPITTA Tapichalaca Tour Leader: Sam Woods All photos were taken on this tour by Sam Woods TROPICAL BIRDING www.tropicalbirding.com 1 Southern Ecuador: Tumbesian Rarities and Highland Endemics Jan 21 – Feb 7, 2010 Itinerary January 21 Arrival/Night Guayaquil January 22 Cerro Blanco, drive to Buenaventura/Night Buenaventura January 23 Buenaventura/Night Buenaventura January 24 Buenaventura & El Empalme to Jorupe Reserve/Night Jorupe January 25 Jorupe Reserve & Sozoranga/Night Jorupe January 26 Utuana & Sozoranga/Night Jorupe January 27 Utuana and Catamayo to Vilcabamba/Night Vilcabamba January 28 Cajanuma (Podocarpus NP) to Tapichalaca/Night Tapichalaca January 29 Tapichalaca/Night Tapichalaca January 30 Tapichalaca to Rio Bombuscaro/Night Copalinga Lodge January 31 Rio Bombuscaro/Night Copalinga February 1 Rio Bombuscaro & Old Loja-Zamora Rd/Night Copalinga February 2 Old Zamora Rd, drive to Cuenca/Night Cuenca February 3 El Cajas NP to Guayaquil/Night Guayaquil February 4 Santa Elena Peninsula& Ayampe/Night Mantaraya Lodge February 5 Ayampe & Machalilla NP/Night Mantaraya Lodge February 6 Ayampe to Guayaquil/Night Guayaquil February 7 Departure from Guayaquil DAILY LOG Day 1 (January 21) CERRO BLANCO, MANGLARES CHARUTE & BUENAVENTURA We started in Cerro Blanco reserve, just a short 16km drive from our Guayaquil hotel. The reserve protects an area of deciduous woodland in the Chongon hills just outside Ecuador’s most populous city. This is a fantastic place to kickstart the list for the tour, and particularly for picking up some of the Tumbesian endemics that were a focus for much of the tour. -
Evolution of the P53-MDM2 Pathway Emma Åberg1, Fulvio Saccoccia1, Manfred Grabherr1, Wai Ying Josefin Ore1, Per Jemth1* and Greta Hultqvist1,2*
Åberg et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2017) 17:177 DOI 10.1186/s12862-017-1023-y RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Evolution of the p53-MDM2 pathway Emma Åberg1, Fulvio Saccoccia1, Manfred Grabherr1, Wai Ying Josefin Ore1, Per Jemth1* and Greta Hultqvist1,2* Abstract Background: The p53 signalling pathway, which controls cell fate, has been extensively studied due to its prominent role in tumor development. The pathway includes the tumor supressor protein p53, its vertebrate paralogs p63 and p73, and their negative regulators MDM2 and MDM4. The p53/p63/p73-MDM system is ancient and can be traced in all extant animal phyla. Despite this, correct phylogenetic trees including both vertebrate and invertebrate species of the p53/p63/p73 and MDM families have not been published. Results: Here, we have examined the evolution of the p53/p63/p73 protein family with particular focus on the p53/ p63/p73 transactivation domain (TAD) and its co-evolution with the p53/p63/p73-binding domain (p53/p63/p73BD) of MDM2. We found that the TAD and p53/p63/p73BD share a strong evolutionary connection. If one of the domains of the protein is lost in a phylum, then it seems very likely to be followed by loss of function by the other domain as well, and due to the loss of function it is likely to eventually disappear. By focusing our phylogenetic analysis to p53/p63/ p73 and MDM proteins from phyla that retain the interaction domains TAD and p53/p63/p73BD, we built phylogenetic trees of p53/p63/p73 and MDM based on both vertebrate and invertebrate species. -
Southwest Pacific Islands: Samoa, Fiji, Vanuatu & New Caledonia Trip Report 11Th to 31St July 2015
Southwest Pacific Islands: Samoa, Fiji, Vanuatu & New Caledonia Trip Report 11th to 31st July 2015 Orange Fruit Dove by K. David Bishop Trip Report - RBT Southwest Pacific Islands 2015 2 Tour Leaders: K. David Bishop and David Hoddinott Trip Report compiled by Tour Leader: K. David Bishop Tour Summary Rockjumper’s inaugural tour of the islands of the Southwest Pacific kicked off in style with dinner at the Stamford Airport Hotel in Sydney, Australia. The following morning we were soon winging our way north and eastwards to the ancient Gondwanaland of New Caledonia. Upon arrival we then drove south along a road more reminiscent of Europe, passing through lush farmlands seemingly devoid of indigenous birds. Happily this was soon rectified; after settling into our Noumea hotel and a delicious luncheon, we set off to explore a small nature reserve established around an important patch of scrub and mangroves. Here we quickly cottoned on to our first endemic, the rather underwhelming Grey-eared Honeyeater, together with Nankeen Night Herons, a migrant Sacred Kingfisher, White-bellied Woodswallow, Fantailed Gerygone and the resident form of Rufous Whistler. As we were to discover throughout this tour, in areas of less than pristine habitat we encountered several Grey-eared Honeyeater by David Hoddinott introduced species including Common Waxbill. And so began a series of early starts which were to typify this tour, though today everyone was up with added alacrity as we were heading to the globally important Rivierre Bleu Reserve and the haunt of the incomparable Kagu. We drove 1.3 hours to the reserve, passing through a stark landscape before arriving at the appointed time to meet my friend Jean-Marc, the reserve’s ornithologist and senior ranger. -
21 Sep 2018 Lists of Victims and Hosts of the Parasitic
version: 21 Sep 2018 Lists of victims and hosts of the parasitic cowbirds (Molothrus). Peter E. Lowther, Field Museum Brood parasitism is an awkward term to describe an interaction between two species in which, as in predator-prey relationships, one species gains at the expense of the other. Brood parasites "prey" upon parental care. Victimized species usually have reduced breeding success, partly because of the additional cost of caring for alien eggs and young, and partly because of the behavior of brood parasites (both adults and young) which may directly and adversely affect the survival of the victim's own eggs or young. About 1% of all bird species, among 7 families, are brood parasites. The 5 species of brood parasitic “cowbirds” are currently all treated as members of the genus Molothrus. Host selection is an active process. Not all species co-occurring with brood parasites are equally likely to be selected nor are they of equal quality as hosts. Rather, to varying degrees, brood parasites are specialized for certain categories of hosts. Brood parasites may rely on a single host species to rear their young or may distribute their eggs among many species, seemingly without regard to any characteristics of potential hosts. Lists of species are not the best means to describe interactions between a brood parasitic species and its hosts. Such lists do not necessarily reflect the taxonomy used by the brood parasites themselves nor do they accurately reflect the complex interactions within bird communities (see Ortega 1998: 183-184). Host lists do, however, offer some insight into the process of host selection and do emphasize the wide variety of features than can impact on host selection. -
Plant-Frugivore Interactions in a Heterogeneous Forest Landscape of South Africa
Plant-frugivore interactions in a heterogeneous forest landscape of South Africa Dissertation In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of a Doctorate Degree in Natural Sciences (Dr. rer. nat) The Faculty of Biology, Philipps-University of Marburg Lackson Chama, MSc Sinazongwe (Zambia) June 2012, Marburg From the Faculty of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg als Dissertation am angenommen. Dekan: Prof. Dr. Paul Galland Erstgutachterin: Prof. Dr. N. Farwig Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. R. Brandl Tag der Disputation: 25th June 2012 Dedicated to my son, Mishila, who’s first two years on earth I was hardly part of, due to my commitment towards this work. Contents CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 3 EFFECTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON FOREST BIODIVERSITY ........................................................................................................ 4 PLANT-FRUGIVORE INTERACTIONS IN CHANGING LANDSCAPES .................................................................................................. 5 THE ROLE OF FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY IN FRUGIVORE COMMUNITIES ........................................................................................... 5 EFFECTS OF SEED INGESTION BY FRUGIVOROUS BIRDS ON GERMINATION SUCCESS ........................................................................ 6 AIMS OF THE THESIS ......................................................................................................................................................... -
Birding Tour New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa August
BIRDING TOUR NEW CALEDONIA, FIJI, AND SAMOA 2022 (by request) 2023 (TBA) Kagu is one of the key species we search for on this trip. www.birdingecotours.com [email protected] 2 | ITINERARY Birding Tour New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa Our Birding Tour New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa starts in Nouméa, New Caledonia, and concludes in Apia, Samoa. The tour duration is 19 days. Please note that the tour dates are merely indicative because the local flight schedules are only released at quite a late stage, and this often changes the itinerary a little. Tour Summary New Caledonia (6 days) New Caledonia is an ancient archipelago of Gondwanan origin. Most of the islands are covered in tropical evergreen forest at higher elevations, while savanna and maquis dominate the lower elevations. Most famous for being the home of the unique Kagu, they host a total of 20 island endemics as well as about a dozen additional Melanesian endemics. The strict island endemics include White-bellied Goshawk, Kagu, Cloven-feathered Dove, Goliath Imperial Pigeon, Horned Parakeet, New Caledonian Parakeet, New Caledonian Myzomela, Barred Honeyeater, Crow Honeyeater, New Caledonian Friarbird, New Caledonian Whistler, New Caledonian Crow, Yellow-bellied Flyrobin, New Caledonian Thicketbird, Large Lifou White-eye, Small Lifou White-eye, Green-backed White-eye, Striated Starling, and Red- throated Parrotfinch. New Caledonian Friarbird — one of the many New Caledonian endemics we will be targeting. www.birdingecotours.com [email protected] 3 | ITINERARY Birding Tour New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa We will spend time in the following areas: Parc Provincial de la Rivière Bleue, Mont Koghi, and the Farino area. -
Seasonal Stress Physiology and Body Condition Differ Among Co-Occurring Tropical Finch Ps Ecies Kimberly L
University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health 2013 Seasonal stress physiology and body condition differ among co-occurring tropical finch ps ecies Kimberly L. Maute University of Wollongong, [email protected] Kristine French University of Wollongong, [email protected] Sarah Legge Australian Wildlife Conservancy Lee Astheimer University of Wollongong, [email protected] Publication Details Maute, K. L., French, K., Legge, S. & Astheimer, L. (2013). Seasonal stress physiology and body condition differ among co-occurring tropical finch species. Journal of Comparative Physiology B: biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology, 183 (8), 1023-1037. Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Seasonal stress physiology and body condition differ among co-occurring tropical finch ps ecies Abstract Seasonal changes in avian hormonal stress responses and condition are well known for common species found at temperate and arctic latitudes, but declining and tropical species are poorly studied. This study compares stress and condition measures of co-occurring declining and non-declining tropical grass finch species in Australia. We monitored declining Gouldian finches (Erythrura gouldiae) and non-declining long-tailed and masked finches (Poepila acuticauda and P. personata) during two seasons that are potentially stressful: peak breeding (early dry season when food is plentiful) and moult (late dry to early wet season when food may be scarce). We measured body condition (muscle and fat), haematocrit, and stress response to capture using plasma corticosterone and binding globulin concentrations. -
Appendix to National Recovery Plan for the Gouldian Finch (Erythrura
Appendix to National Recovery Plan for the Gouldian Finch (Erythrura gouldiae) Background information Acknowledgments Additional to those people mentioned in the Acknowledgment section of the Recovery Plan itself the following people provided valuable sightings data or information about distribution or ecology of Gouldian Finches. We are very grateful for their input into this Recovery Plan and to the ongoing recovery program. Milton Lewis; Reg Birch; Gordon Graham; David Donato; Allan Thomson, Jenny Wilksh; Jonny Schoenjahn, Frank O’Connor; Ron Stanton; Chris Hassell; Steve Murphy; Stephen Turley; Kevin Coate; George Swann; Geoff Lodge, Rachel O’Shea; Maureen and Andrew Farrell, Save Endangered East Kimberley Species members; Mike Reed; Arthur and Sheryl Keats; Bruce Michael; Gary Wright; Denise Goodfellow; Michael Mathieson; Klaus Uhlenhut; Don Hadden; Phil Maher; Frank Lambert; Julie Moore; Richard Jordan; Stuart Robertson; David Stuart. 2 Appendix contents Acknowledgments 2 Gouldian Finch recovery program progress reviewed 4 Species information Conservation status 7 Genetic variability 7 Distribution, abundance and population trends 8 Food resources 10 Breeding ecology 12 Habitat characteristics and habitat utilisation patterns 13 Threats to Gouldian Finch populations Historical threats 13 Current threats 14 Significant populations and existing conservation measures 16 Affected interests and potential economic or social impacts of proposed recovery actions 17 Additional Resources 19 Abbreviations used 19 References and Selected bibliography 20 3 Gouldian Finch recovery program progress reviewed The national Gouldian Finch recovery program has been in progress since 1993 guided by information from Gouldian-focussed research and adaptive management projects, actions identified in the previous versions of the national recovery plan (Baker-Gabb et al. -
New Caledonia, Fiji & Vanuatu
Field Guides Tour Report Part I: New Caledonia Sep 5, 2011 to Sep 15, 2011 Phil Gregory The revamped tour was a little later this year and it seemed to make some things a bit easier, note how well we did with the rare Crow Honeyeater, and Kagu was as ever a standout. One first-year bird was rewarded with a nice juicy scorpion that our guide found, and this really is a fabulous bird to see, another down on Harlan's famiy quest, too, as an added bonus to what is a quite unique bird. Cloven-feathered Dove was also truly memorable, and watching one give that strange, constipated hooting call was fantastic and this really is one of the world's best pigeons. Air Calin did their best to make life hard with a somewhat late flight to Lifou, and I have to say the contrast with the Aussie pilots in Vanuatu was remarkable -- these French guys must still be learning as they landed the ATR 42's so hard and had to brake so fiercely! Still, it all worked out and the day trip for the Ouvea Parakeet worked nicely, whilst the 2 endemic white-eyes on Lifou were got really early for once. Nice food, an interesting Kanak culture, with a trip to the amazing Renzo Piano-designed Tjibaou Cultural Center also feasible this The fantastic Kagu, star of the tour! (Photo by guide Phil year, and a relaxed pace make this a fun birding tour with some Gregory) terrific endemic birds as a bonus. My thanks to Karen at the Field Guides office for hard work on the complex logistics for this South Pacific tour, to the very helpful Armstrong at Arc en Ciel, Jean-Marc at Riviere Bleue, and to Harlan and Bart for helping me with my bags when I had a back problem. -
Systematic and Taxonomic Issues Concerning Some East African Bird Species, Notably Those Where Treatment Varies Between Authors
Scopus 34: 1–23, January 2015 Systematic and taxonomic issues concerning some East African bird species, notably those where treatment varies between authors Donald A. Turner and David J. Pearson Summary The taxonomy of various East African bird species is discussed. Fourteen of the non- passerines and forty-eight of the passerines listed in Britton (1980) are considered, with reference to treatments by various subsequent authors. Twenty-three species splits are recommended from the treatment in Britton (op. cit.), and one lump, the inclusion of Jackson’s Hornbill Tockus jacksoni as a race of T. deckeni. Introduction With a revision of Britton (1980) now nearing completion, this is the first of two pa- pers highlighting the complexities that surround some East African bird species. All appear in Britton in one form or another, but since that landmark publication our knowledge of East African birds has increased considerably, and with the advances in DNA sequencing, our understanding of avian systematics and taxonomy is con- tinually moving forward. A tidal wave of phylogenetic studies in the last decade has revolutionized our understanding of the higher-level relationships of birds. Taxa pre- viously regarded as quite distantly related have been brought together in new clas- sifications and some major groups have been split asunder (Knox 2014). As a result we are seeing the familiar order of families and species in field guides and checklists plunged into turmoil. The speed at which molecular papers are being published continues at an unprec- edented rate. We must remember, however, that while many molecular results may indicate a relationship, they do not necessarily prove one.