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Non-State Actor Data: Version 3.4

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Non-State Actor Data: Version 3.4 Kristian Skrede Gleditsch1 David Cunningham2 Idean Salehyan3 April 10, 2013 1Department of Government, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, CO 4 3SQ, email: [email protected] 2University of Maryland 3University of North Texas iv Contents 1 ID1 1 2 ID2 7 3 ID3 9 4 ID4 13 5 ID5 17 6 ID6 19 7 ID7 23 8 ID8 25 9 ID9 27 10 ID 10 29 11 ID 11 33 12 ID 12 35 13 ID 13 37 14 ID 14 39 15 ID 17 41 v 16 ID 18 43 17 ID 19 45 18 ID 21 47 19 ID 22 51 20 ID 23 55 21 ID 24 59 22 ID 25 67 23 ID 26 73 24 ID 36 75 25 ID 37 83 26 ID 39 95 27 ID 40 97 28 ID 40 99 29 ID 43 101 30 ID 44 105 31 ID 46 107 32 ID 47 111 33 ID 48 113 34 ID 49 115 35 ID 50 119 vi 36 ID 51 125 37 ID 52 127 38 ID 54 129 39 ID 56 133 40 ID 57 137 41 ID 59 139 42 ID 60 141 43 ID 61 143 44 ID 62 145 45 ID 63 157 46 ID 64 167 47 ID 65 171 48 ID 66 177 49 ID 67 181 50 ID 68 193 51 ID 69 197 52 ID 70 199 53 ID 72 209 54 ID 73 213 55 ID 74 215 vii 56 ID 76 221 57 ID 78 223 58 ID 80 227 59 ID 82 229 60 ID 83 231 61 ID 85 233 62 ID 86 241 63 ID 87 253 64 ID 88 255 65 ID 89 259 66 ID 90 263 67 ID 91 271 68 ID 92 299 69 ID 93 307 70 ID 94 309 71 ID 95 313 72 ID 98 319 73 ID 99 323 74 ID 100 325 75 ID 101 327 viii 76 ID 102 329 77 ID 103 333 78 ID 107 339 79 ID 111 343 80 ID 112 345 81 ID 113 355 82 ID 114 369 83 ID 115 371 84 ID 116 373 85 ID 117 375 86 ID 118 379 87 ID 119 407 88 ID 120 411 89 ID 121 417 90 ID 122 421 91 ID 123 427 92 ID 125 429 93 ID 126 431 94 ID 129 433 95 ID 130 439 ix 96 ID 131 441 97 ID 133 447 98 ID 134 451 99 ID 135 455 100ID 136 457 101ID 137 461 102ID 139 479 103ID 140 483 104ID 141 487 105ID 143 503 106ID 144 507 107ID 145 509 108ID 146 511 109ID 147 519 110ID 148 523 111ID 149 525 112ID 150 527 113ID 152 531 114ID 153 537 115ID 156 539 x 116ID 157 541 117ID 158 547 118ID 159 549 119ID 162 553 120ID 163 555 121ID 164 557 122ID 165 559 123ID 167 561 124ID 168 563 125ID 169 567 126ID 170 571 127ID 171 575 128ID 172 579 129ID 174 581 130ID 175 585 131ID 177 587 132ID 178 591 133ID 179 595 134ID 180 599 135ID 181 603 xi 136ID 182 605 137ID 183 607 138ID 184 609 139ID 185 611 140ID 186 615 141ID 187 621 142ID 188 627 143ID 189 629 144ID 190 631 145ID 191 635 146ID 192 641 147ID 193 647 148ID 194 651 149ID 195 655 150ID 196 659 151ID 197 661 152ID 198 663 153ID 199 665 154ID 200 667 155ID 201 671 xii 156ID 202 675 157ID 203 677 158ID 204 681 159ID 205 683 160ID 206 685 161ID 207 687 162ID 209 689 163ID 212 691 164ID 213 695 165ID 214 697 166ID 216 701 167ID 217 703 168ID 218 705 169ID 219 709 170ID 220 711 171ID 221 713 172ID 222 715 173ID 223 719 174ID 224 721 175ID 225 723 xiii 176ID 227 727 177ID 254 729 178ID 255 731 179ID 258 733 180ID 259 735 181ID 263 737 182ID 264 739 183ID 265 741 184ID 266 743 185ID 267 745 186ID 268 747 187ID 269 749 188ID 270 751 189ID 271 755 xiv Chapter 1 ID 1 ID 1 Incompatibility: Government, Bolivia DyadID 462: Bolivia-Popular Revolutionary Movement In May 1946, the Democratic Anti-Fascist Front (FDA) was created as an organization of oppo- nents of the current regime, both on the Left and Right. In June 1946, the FDA began organizing a strikes and revolts against the government that escalated into major street fighting on 20 July 20. On 21 July, a street mob burst into the capital and killed the president and six of his closest advisers. The next day a new government was formed. Bolivia suffered severe economic hardship, which helped bring on a popular revolt against the government at La Paz on July 17-21, 1946. The army did nothing to check rebellious soldiers, workers, and students; Villaroel was seized and hanged from a lamppost in front of the presidential palace. A provisional liberal government was installed and recognized by the United States and Argentina. Rebels: Popular Revolutionary Movement Transconstsupp: none Rebextpart: none Rebpresosts: none Rebsuport: none Rtypesup: n/a Govsuport: none Gtypesup: n/a Govextpart: none 1 Notes on Coding: Rebpolwing: acknowledged link Rebpolwinglegal: yes The FDA was a legal political organization and had general control over the striking workers. However, there was also a mob mentality to the violence that was not totally controlled. Rebestimate, rebestlow, rebesthigh: unclear None of the sources available give an indication of the number of people participating in the strikes or in the street violence. Centcontrol: yes Strengthcent: moderate The striking and revolting workers were generally controlled by a political party, the FDA. Mobcap: moderate Armscap: unclear Fightcap: moderate The FDA was able to mobilize workers to strike and riot across a range of professions including teachers, students, and railworkers. It is not clear that they had an inability to procure arms. Their fighting capacity in terms of the ability to wage street warfare was moderate. Sources: • Whitehead, Laurence (1991). “Bolivia since 1930”. In Leslie Bethell, Ed. The Cambridge History of Latin America Volume VIII: Latin America since 1930, Spanish South America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. • Keesing’s Contemporary Archives. • Library of Congress Country Study • New York Times Archives DyadID 463: Bolivia-National Revolutionary Movement In elections in May, 1951, the National Revolutionary Movement (MNR) party won the majority of seats. However, the elections were annulled and a military junta took power. On 9 April 1952, the MNR organized a violent insurrection in La Paz against the junta government. If the military had thrown the full weight of its support behind the government, the insurrection would have been crushed. However, the police force in La Paz decided to support the MNR, and the government was quickly overthrown. By 11 April, the MNR had established control throughout much of Bolivia and on April 13 a new government was formed. ***Note: the Uppsala data is incorrect. This rebellion took place on April 9, 1952, not in 1951 as noted in the dataset*** In the presidential election of May 1951, the MNR’s Paz Estenssoro ran for president on a platform of nationalization and land reform. With the support of the POR and the newly formed Bolivian Communist Party (Partido Comunista de Bolivia – PCB), the MNR won with a clear plurality. The 2 outgoing president, however, persuaded the military to step in and prevent the MNR from taking power. By the beginning of 1952, the MNR tried to gain power by force, plotting with General Antonio Seleme, the junta member in control of internal administration and the National Police (Polica Nacional). On April 9, the MNR launched the rebellion in La Paz by seizing arsenals and distributing arms to civilians. Armed miners marched on La Paz and blocked troops on their way to reinforce the city. After three days of fighting, the desertion of Seleme, and the loss of 600 lives, the army completely surrendered; Paz Estenssoro assumed the presidency on April 16, 1952. Rebels: MNR Transconstsupp: none Rebextpart: none Rebpresosts: none Rebsuport: none Rtypesup: n/a Govsuport: none Gtypesup: n/a Govextpart: none Notes on Coding: Rebpolwing: explicit link Rebpolwinglegal: yes The MNR was a political party and had participated in elections in the previous year. Rebestimate, rebestlow, rebesthigh: unclear None of the sources available had any figures on the number of troops supporting the MNR. Rebstrength: weaker The MNR would not have been able to take over La Paz if the military police force had not joined them. Sources: • Whitehead, Laurence (1991). “Bolivia since 1930”. In Leslie Bethell, Ed. The Cambridge History of Latin America Volume VIII: Latin America since 1930, Spanish South America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. • Keesing’s Contemporary Archives. • Library of Congress Country Study • New York Times Archives 3 DyadID 464: Bolivia-ELN In November of 1966, Ernesto ‘Che’ Guevara, the famous guerrilla leader, came to Bolivia with other Cuban revolutionaries to organize a leftist insurgency there. In early 1967 the government learned of his organization and with the help of United States military advisers began organizing a military response to it (prior to this time the Bolivian army was very weak and did not have the capacity to wage war in the periphery where Guevara’s forces were). Guevara did not have the success he was expecting at organizing new forces and once the Bolivian army was sufficiently trained to launch an attack, the movement was quickly defeated. On 8 October 1967, Guevara was killed and by the end of the month the guerrilla movement had been defeated.
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