Environmental Commission MANALAPAN TOWNSHIP
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Environmental Commission MANALAPAN TOWNSHIP NATURAL RESOURCE INVENTORY (ADDENDUM) PREPARED FOR MANALAPAN TOWNSHIP ENVIRONMENTAL COMMISSION NOVEMBER, 1993 This document was prepared with the aid of a grant from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and Energy, Office of Environmental Services. 120 Route 522 & Taylors Mills Road, Manalapan, New Jersey 07726(908)446-3200 TABLE OF CONTENTS OPEN SPACE Existing Land Use Definition of Open Space Areas Contiguous Open Space STORMWATER MANAGEMENT Introduction Watersheds Stormwater Management Overly Stormwater Quality Stormwater Management Practices WILDLIFE Major Vegetation Communities Wildlife Diversity LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 1 List of Mammalian Species Appendix 2 List of Reptile and Amphibian Species Appendix 3 List of Avian Species Appendix 4 Open Space Overlay Appendix 5 Stormwater Management Overlay Appendix 6 Wildlife Overlay DEFINITION OF OPEN SPACE Existing Land Use Historically, Manalapan Township was largely a rural community, although Manalapan's land use character has changed since the 1960's wherein rapid population growth, availability of vacant land, and varying development patterns dominated. Manalapan has changed from a rural community to a suburbanized community. The regional differences in land use can further be interpolated by the presence and location of certain transportation corridors. An extensive study of land use in Manalapan Township was performed during 1989 by Townplan Associates. This study revealed that there are five (5) major categories of land use throughout the township. Bisecting the middle of the township is the Conrail Freight Line. This rail line separates the township into two distinct land use types. The northern half (top portion) of Manalapan is typified as a suburban residential use. Various residential subdivisions, inclusive of mostly single-family developments, predominate here. Residential development (uses) occupy 31% of all land use acreage in Manalapan (1989). The lower half of the township, south of the Conrail Freight Line, is distinctly a rural community. The majority of agricultural lands are located in the lower half of the township and occupy approximately 25% of the township's land area. Vacant or undeveloped parcels of land also predominate in the lower half of the township. Undeveloped land accounts for 15% of land cover or approximately 3,000 acres. Undeveloped land is defined, as per the Master Plan, as land under private ownership. Other land use categories include commercial, public land, quasi-public, and industrial. Commercial land use comprises both retail and office areas. These areas are concentrated along main corridors such as US Highway Routes 9 and 33. Three percent of Manalapan's land area is categorized as commercial. Public land is inclusive of parks, schools, utilities, roadways, and certain public buildings and associated land. Public land encompasses 16% of the total land area within Manalapan Township. Other quasi-public lands include cemeteries, private schools, institutions, houses of worship, and organizations. The last use is industrial properties which comprise only a very small percent of the township's land area. Definition of Open Space Areas To provide balance with the objectives, principles, and policies of the Master Plan for Manalapan Township, open space is defined as areas known and designated as State, County and Local parks, conservation easements, refuges, public land and certain quasi- public areas, recreational facilities, environmentally sensitive areas such as flood plains, wetlands, and acquifer recharge areas. Some of the Master Plan's principles are to identify certain natural features which represent environmental critical areas arid create conservation areas which can be regulated and managed. Other important objectives of the Master Plan include protecting areas of scenic, cultural and recreational values while promoting a "desirable" visual environment. The Conservation Plan Element of the Master Plan lists ten (10) natural resource designations. The plan emphasizes the preservation and conservation of these natural resources as well as their utilization. The Open Space Overlap Map (1993., EDG) provided, indicates areas listed within the Master Plan. These areas include the larger public parks, the state parks and reserves, preservation/reservation areas, and a public golf course. The overlay does not include every small pocket park nor lands associated with or occupied by the township's various schools. These latter areas, however, are considered important open space entities because they may be utilized for recreation and contribute to the overall acreage of open space. The major categories of open space are defined by the Master Plan as agriculture, fields, or woodlands and other public/private lands. The Land Use Overlay Map defines and labels all known park areas. The largest park, Monmouth Battlefield State Park, is located within the central eastern portion of the township and occupies approximately 1500 acres comprised of woodlands, farmland and successional fields. The developed areas of the park include the visitor center, parking lots, maintenance facilities, and internal roadways. The Wemrock Brook and Weamaconk Creek transect the park in an east to west direction. Both are tributaries of Matchaponix Brook. The relatively large acreage of Monmouth Battlefield State Park comprises 6.5% of the township's land area. The State park provides recreational and educational opportunities and promotes preservation and conservation of the environmentally sensitive areas and historic amenities. Other large areas of designated open space include Thompson Park and the Manalapan Recreation Center (both municipal owned properties). Additional parcels of township owned property are located throughout the area in smaller acreages. These areas include: small neighborhood parks, land dedicated for overland conveyance of surface waters or drainage ways, playground areas, the Village Green, and preserves. Other areas of undeveloped open space include areas dedicated as conservation easements which typically include freshwater wetlands, flood plains, and areas with steep slopes. Quasi-public areas such as the Quail Hill Boy Scout Reservation and the Knob Hill Golf Course, provide recreational opportunities and preservation of open space areas. Contiguous Open Space The township contains two (2) major streams, each with connecting tributaries. These two main streams are the Matchaponix Brook located in the northern half of the township and the Manalapan Brook occupying the lower half of the township. The Matchaponix Brook watershed contains the following tributaries: Pine Brook, Milford Brook, Tepehemus Brook, McGellaird's Brook, Weamaconk Brook, and Wemrock Brook. Two tributaries are associated with Manalapan Brook; they are Stillhouse Brook and Gander Brook. All of these brooks are defined as either freshwater wetlands, state open waters, flood plains, etc. and are contiguous areas of land which currently exist as undeveloped open space areas. These contiguous open space areas account for between 5 and 10 percent of the township's total land area. The "Open Space" Overlay delineates these areas of contiguous open space as closely following the limits of freshwater wetlands and open water lakes and ponds. The plan does not delineate all open space areas, yet it indicates land areas that could be acquired for greenbelts. Particularly within the southern portion of the township, the contiguous open space areas transect relatively large tracts of vacant, undeveloped, privately owned parcels. A large portion of these vacant parcels is currently farmland. The contiguous areas are important components of "open space". They function as valuable interconnected greenways and wildlife corridors. These greenways or natural linkage areas enhance protection of the natural resources, provide aesthetic and scenic vistas, promote environmental awareness, and diversify recreational opportunities. Other positive attributes of linking greenways and corridors, which also promote regional benefits, include stream and watershed protection and management, wildlife enhancement and conservation, as well as wetlands preservation. Matchaponix and Manalapan Brooks both flow to the northwest merging in Spotswood (Middlesex County) where the South River then begins. The headwaters of these brooks, however, are mostly concentrated within the Manalapan Township boundaries. Considering the fact that these surface waters do flow through both Monmouth and Middlesex Counties, the watersheds have regional connections. Various townships and communities are transected by these waterways whereby each township imposes positive and negative impacts based on its land use diversity. Along these "green belts" where acquisition could occur, a public need will be satisfied whereby emphasis on recreational and educational opportunities and ecological awareness could be encouraged. Future considerations for the interconnection or linkage of linear features such as foot or bike paths and interpretive trails, as well as informative displays, scenic posts, and historic landmarks or monuments can be erected All communities can be intergrated within Manalapan Township and expand to adjoining townships. An overall regional linkage can occur from forming these greenways. The regional connection is a vital goal because enhancement and protection of the natural resources and greenways will then be expanded to cover