Occupancy Begins Upon Completion of CEBAF Center
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January/February 2006 THOMAS JEFFERSON NATIONAL ACCELERATOR FACILITY • A DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY FACILITY Accelerator Division AD Newsletter goes electronic; this is named AAAS Fellow last paper issue he On Target newsletter is going ing science, safety, technology transfer, New Users Group Chair Tcompletely electronic. This is the and significant events and awards. Many introduces himself; discusses last paper issue of the newsletter. The of the items currently found in the Briefs funding, JLab research impact first issue of the e-OnTarget will be post- section at the back of the newsletter ed on JLab’s web page before the end of will migrate to the intranet “Insider” on nuclear physics February. page or the “We Hear That” page. The Eliminating the paper version of the e-OnTarget will be available in a print- newsletter is just one of many cost-cut- friendly mode for individuals who prefer ting moves currently underway across to read a print version of the newsletter. Physicist Kim Egiyan, the Lab. “No more printing or postage Individuals currently receiving the recipient of Armenian State Award, expenses associated with the newsletter,” newsletter through the postal system, shares life, career highlights notes Linda Ware, Public Affairs manag- who wish to receive email announce- er. “In addition, going electronic allows ments regarding posting of the latest us to produce an issue every two weeks, electronic issue, may email magaldi@ enabling us to report on more topics and jlab.org to be added to the email notifi- Young researchers write in a more timely manner.” cation list. about their scientific research: The newsletter will consist of short All staff and users will be emailed X. Zheng examines spin identity; feature stories and news items highlight- the e-version as it becomes available. K. Slifer studies how spin arises in the nucleon Pentaquark 2005: Update on status of search for enigmatic particle By mid-February nearly all work groups had moved into the new CEBAF Center addition (Wing F). The few remaining moves are scheduled to take place before the end of February. Trailer City removal started during the week of Feb. 12. wapan Chattopadhyay, rewarding task of mentoring scientists SJLab’s Associate Director for worldwide,” Chattopadhyay said. AAAS Accelerators, has been awarded the Founded in 1848, AAAS repre- distinction of Fellow by the American sents the world’s largest federation of Association for the Advancement of scientists and works to advance sci- announces Science (AAAS). The award will be ence for human well being through its presented at the 2006 AAAS Annual projects, programs, and publications. Meeting in St. Louis, Mo., on Feb. 18. With more than 138,000 members and 2005 Fellows The honor of being named a 275 affiliated societies, AAAS con- Fellow recognizes individual AAAS ducts many programs in the areas of members for their “efforts toward science policy, science education, and advancing science or fostering applica- international scientific cooperation. tions that are deemed scientifically or AAAS publishes the prestigious peer- Accelerator Division socially distinguished.” For the year reviewed journal Science. The tradi- 2005, 376 members were elevated to tion of naming AAAS Fellows began AD among the rank of Fellow. in 1874. Chattopadhyay was cited for his Swapan Chattopadhyay received newly named “fundamental contributions to accel- his Ph.D. in Physics from the erator science, including phase-space University of California at Berkeley in Fellows cooling, innovative collider designs, 1982. Following a two-year associa- and pioneering femto-sources and tion as Scientific Attaché at CERN for mentoring accelerator scientists (1982-1984), he returned to Berkeley at facilities worldwide, especially in National Lab in 1984, where he made developing countries.” In his posi- contributions to the Advanced Light tion, he is responsible for all aspects Source from its design to commis- of Jefferson Lab’s accelerator and sioning (1984-1992) and was the Free-Electron Laser (FEL) programs, Founder/Director (1992) of the Center including research and development, for Beam Physics until his move to and operations, maintenance and Jefferson Lab in 2001. upgrades of the Continuous Electron He has contributed to the devel- Beam Accelerator Facility and the opment of accelerators in Europe, Free-Electron Laser. Chattopadhyay India, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, leads a team of more than 350 in People’s Republic of China and North research of the physics of particles America. He established the first col- and light beams, forefront electronics, laboration between Berkeley Lab and superconductivity, surface science, Jefferson Lab on the development of cryogenics, and computer process con- FELs based on the superconducting trol applications. radiofrequency technology. Since “What an honor to be recognized 2002, he has served on the Governor’s Swapan Chattopadhyay by the AAAS for the development of Biotechnology Advisory Board of the research tools for the world and the Commonwealth of Virginia. 2 ON TARGET • Jan./Feb. 2006 Dear Colleagues, tion and that from recoil polar- As we begin a new year, I’d like ization; to take this opportunity to highlight -- a study of polarization transfer the world-class scientific research in Compton scattering off the conducted at Jefferson Lab during proton which established that 2005. JLab users, along with our own this reaction directly probes the experimentalists have been working quark carrying the spin of the to increase our understanding of the proton; nucleus of the atom. The past year has -- a theoretical calculation of the seen the successful completion of a spin-dependent structure func- number of critical experiments and the tions of protons and neutrons, publication of several important peer- including their modification reviewed papers as well as articles by a nuclear medium — a key in publications such as the CERN piece of the 12 GeV science Courier, Nature and Physics World. program; Among the experimental runs, the -- and an experiment investigating production run of the Hall A Proton the transition from the nucleon- Parity Experiment (HAPPEX II) will meson to the quark-gluon yield the world’s most precise data on description of the strong inter- the distribution of charge and current action in deuteron photodisinte- associated with strange quarks in the gration studies. proton; the Barely Off-Shell Nucleon Additionally, the exceptional pen- Structure (BONuS) experiment in Hall taquark data taken here with outstand- B is the first step in discovering how ing data quality and an order of mag- Christoph Leemann the proton’s momentum is distrib- nitude better statistics has eliminated Jefferson Lab Director uted among its quarks; and the High several pentaquark candidates. Resolution Kaon Spectrometer (HKS) There have also been many excel- experiment in Hall C, with strong lent presentations of Jefferson Lab- financial support from Japan, dramati- based physics — in talks, papers and cally extends our capacity to study posters presented at APS, PANIC, Pursuing strangeness in nuclei. The first experi- and other conferences. The complete ment using CEBAF began running description of generalized parton world-class in November 1995 in Hall C; by the distributions (GPDs) — a theory end of 2005, data collection had been developed by a very small group of science, safely completed on a total of 121 physics theorists, including JLab’s Anatoly experiments, and partial data collec- Radyushkin, was published in Physics tion had taken place on another eight Reports. Another major review in experiments. Physics Reports, involving JLab staff Groundbreaking papers published Rolf Ent, Cynthia Keppel and Wally in Physical Review Letters by JLab Melnitchouk, summarized our cur- scientists and users include: rent knowledge of duality, a major -- two papers regarding strange experimental program over the last few quarks in the proton — the years. This type of visibility for our exciting G-Zero result, which scientific results is vital as it increases From showed as a function of the profile of the Laboratory and its momentum transfer how work, and establishes us as a world strange quarks contribute to the leader in the field. the proton’s electric and magnetic In the coming year many more fields, and a lattice QCD cal- important studies are on the schedule, culation which established a including a measurement of the elec- Director remarkably precise theoretical tromagnetic form factor of the neutron result for the strange quark’s in Hall A, a search for new nucleon contribution to the proton’s resonances and other experiments with magnetic moment; the new Frozen Spin Target (FROST) -- a two-photon exchange correc- in Hall B’s CLAS, and the backward tion for elastic electron-proton angle run of the G-Zero experiment in scattering which clarified the Hall C. observed difference between In addition to nuclear physics the electric form factor extract- research, JLab scientists and engi- ed from a Rosenbluth separa- neers carried out research and devel- Continued on page 14 Jan./Feb. 2006 • ON TARGET 3 In their did my graduate work at Yale work- produce liter-type quantities of He-3, ing under Vernon Hughes. Vernon something that had never been done I was a student of I. I. Rabbi, a luminary before. This work played an important own in atomic physics, and the inventor role in the invention of a new type of of magnetic resonance. While Vernon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) words eventually