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Environmental Report DEVELOPMENT PLAN for the NATIONAL NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 2021 – 2030 Plan Holder: TRANSGAZ SA

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Environmental Report DEVELOPMENT PLAN for the NATIONAL NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 2021 – 2030 Plan Holder: TRANSGAZ SA Environmental Report DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE NATIONAL NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 2021 – 2030 Plan holder: TRANSGAZ SA Environmental Report DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM OF THE NATIONAL GAS TRANSPORT SYSTEM FOR THE PERIOD 2021 – 2030 Beneficiary: European Investment Bank (EIB) Plan holder: SNTGN Transgaz SA MEDIAȘ 2021 Environmental Report DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE NATIONAL NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 2021 - 2030 Plan holder: SNTGN TRANSGAZ SA Document control sheet Contract title: “SEA for TYNDP of TransGaz”, Cod: TA2019037 R0 HUB Beneficiary: European Investment Bank (EIB) Provider: Fundatia Pronatura in collaboration with SC NaturalNet SRL, via NTU International A/S and EQO-NIXUS Title: Environment Report for the DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE NATIONAL NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 2021 - 2030 Development team: MSc ing Moldoveanu Gascu Carmen environmental assessor expert MSc ing Apostu Fanel environmental assessor expert MSc biolog István LÉSZAI environmental assessor expert PHD ecolog Cristian DOMȘA GIS expert Translated in English by Todor Aliz, Aut. No. 13960/ 29.09.2005 issued by the Ministry of Justice List of revisions No. of Date Author Observations revision 0 23.09.2020 Development team First draft 1 26.10.2020 Development team Revision of Environmental Report according to the observations made by the Development Team on 15.10.2020 2 18.01.2021 Development team II-nd Revision of the Environmental Report according to the observations made by the Development Team on 3.12.2020 2 Environmental Report DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE NATIONAL NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 2021 - 2030 Plan holder: SNTGN TRANSGAZ SA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, WATERS AND FORESTS REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE No. 315 from 04.08.2020 In accordance with the provisions of the Government Emergency Ordinance no. 195/2005 on environmental protection, approved with amendments and completions by Law no. 265/2006, with subsequent amendments and completions, and of the Order of the Minister of Environment, Waters and Forests no. 1134/2020 regarding the approval of the conditions for elaboration of environmental studies, of the attestation criteria of natural and legal persons and of the composition and Regulation of organization and functioning of the Attestation Commission, following the analysis of the documents submitted by: S.C. NATURALNET S.R.L. headquartered in: Capusu Mare commune, Dumbrava village, no. 46, Cluj county, Tax code RO 22872175, registered in the Trade Register at no. J12/1910/2010 the legal person is entered in the List of experts conducting environmental studies under heading 315 for: RM ▪ RIM ▪ BM □ RA □/ RSR □ RS □ EA ▪ Issued on 04.08.2020 Valid until 04.08.2021 STATE SECRETARY Mircea FECHET Illegible signature Illisible stamp 3 Environmental Report DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE NATIONAL NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 2021 - 2030 Plan holder: SNTGN TRANSGAZ SA MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, WATERS AND FORESTS REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE No. 244 from 21.07.2020 In accordance with the provisions of the Government Emergency Ordinance no. 195/2005 on environmental protection, approved with amendments and completions by Law no. 265/2006, with subsequent amendments and completions, and of the Order of the Minister of Environment, Waters and Forests no. 1134/2020 regarding the approval of the conditions for elaboration of environmental studies, of the attestation criteria of natural and legal persons and of the composition and Regulation of organization and functioning of the Attestation Commission, following the analysis of the documents submitted by: FUNDATIA PRONATURA headquartered in: Ozun, str. Kossuth Lajos, no. 353, Covasna county, Tax code RO 8950472 the legal person is entered in the List of experts conducting environmental studies under heading 244 for: RM ▪ RIM ▪ BM ▪ RA ▪/ RSR ▪ RS □ EA ▪ Issued on 21.07.2020 Valid until 21.07.2021 STATE SECRETARY Mircea FECHET Illegible signature Illisible stamp 4 Environmental Report DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR THE NATIONAL NATURAL GAS TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 2021 - 2030 Plan holder: SNTGN TRANSGAZ SA TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. GENERALITIES .......................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 PREAMBLE ......................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 The methodology used in the elaboration of ESA for TYNDP 2021 – 2030 ..................................................... 11 2. PRESENTATION OF THE CONTENTS AND OF THE MAIN GOALS OF TYNDP 2021-2030, AS WELL AS THOSE OF THE RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER RELEVANT PLANS AND PROGRAMS ............................................................ 14 2.1 GENERALITIES .................................................................................................................................................. 14 2.2 Contents and main objectives of TYNDP ......................................................................................................... 14 2.2.1 Goal and objectives of TYNDP ............................................................................................................. 14 2.2.2 Present situation of the National Company of Natural Gas Transport ............................................... 15 2.2.3 Development directions of the national transport system (NTS) natural gas .................................... 18 2.2.4. Underground storage of natural gas .................................................................................................. 32 2.2.5 Development directions of the natural gas storage system ............................................................... 32 2.2.6 Benefits of the Projects ....................................................................................................................... 35 2.3 Connection with other plans and programs .................................................................................................... 36 3 RELEVANT FEATURES OF THE PRESENT CONDITION OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND OF ITS PROBABLE EVOLUTION IN CASE OF NON-DEPLOYMENT OF THE Plan ............................................................................... 45 3.1 Generalities ........................................................................................................................................... 45 3.2 Air .......................................................................................................................................................... 45 3.2.1 Air quality condition ...................................................................................................................... 45 3.2.2 The influence of the natural gas sector on air quality ................................................................... 47 3.3 Water ..................................................................................................................................................... 48 3.3.1 Condition of surface waters .......................................................................................................... 48 3.3.2 The quality of underground waters ............................................................................................... 50 3.3.3 The influence of the natural gas sector on water .......................................................................... 50 3.4 Soils ........................................................................................................................................................ 51 3.4.1 Present condition of soils .............................................................................................................. 51 3.4.2 The influence of the natural gas sector on soils ............................................................................ 52 3.5 Biodiversity / Protected NATURAL Areas .............................................................................................. 52 3.5.1 Present condition of biodiversity preservation ............................................................................. 52 3.5.2 The protected natural areas network ............................................................................................ 54 3.5.3 The influence of the natural gas transportation and storage sector on biodiversity .................... 58 3.6 Waste ..................................................................................................................................................... 58 3.7 HUMAN POPULATION AND HEALTH...................................................................................................... 59 3.8 Environmental risks associated with the natural gas transportation sector ......................................... 60 3.9 Landscape .............................................................................................................................................. 62 3.10 Climate changes ..................................................................................................................................... 62 3.10.1 Climate characteristics of 2019 ................................................................................................. 62 3.10.2 Climate change and its consequences ....................................................................................... 62 3.10.3 Greenhouse gas emissions ........................................................................................................ 65 3.10.4 The trend of
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