Feasibility Study
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Feasibility Study
• During Hurricane Sandy, Coney Island Creek was the main source of inundation for much of the Gravesend and Coney Island neighborhoods. Low edges and topography contributed to “backdoor” flooding that caused enormous damage. • NYCEDC , in partnership with New York City’s Office of Recovery and Resiliency (ORR), contracted the ARCADIS/HDR Team to conduct a detailed feasibility study that would include: – Integrate hydrological management strategies that would prevent and mitigate upland flooding around Coney Island Creek – Improve waterfront open space – Strengthen connections between neighborhoods – Support economic development in surrounding areas
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Southern Brooklyn Initiative 5: Coney Island Creek
Develop an implementation plan and concept designs for new Coney Island Creek wetlands and tidal barrier City to develop an implementation plan and concept designs including edge- strengthening and edge-softening measures, such as wetland construction, a potential tidal barrier or dam across the Creek to control tidal surge, improve water quality, and potentially enhance community connectivity
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Elevation and Flood Risk
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Topography of Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Topography of Coney Island
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek What happened during Sandy?
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Preliminary FEMA FIRM
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Flood Depths (100-year)
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Flood Depths (100-year + 3 feet sea level rise)
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Tidal Wetlands
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Tidal Elevations – Planning for Future Shorelines
• Regional interest in restoration including Hudson Raritan Estuary Comprehensive Restoration Plan (CRP) sites: • Calvert Vaux Park • Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Tidal Wetlands – Historically
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Tidal Wetlands – Currently
Calvert Vaux/Drier Offerman Park Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney IslandCoastal Creek Habitat Improvement Project Calvert Vaux/Drier Offerman Park Coastal Habitat Improvement Project
• Key project elements • Salt marsh (0.5 ac) • Sandy beach/horseshoe crab spawning habitat (1.0 ac) • Coastal upland (2.05 ac) • 5-yr monitoring program • Maintenance and management • Funded through: • NYCDPR • NYSDEC Clean Water- Clean Air Bond Act • NOAA Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Water Quality & Tidal Flushing
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Water Quality Existing Conditions
• Overall water quality is limited by the confined nature of the Creek, low tidal flushing, background concentrations and illicit discharges • Receiving waterbody for 1 CSO outfall and 10 stormwater outfalls operated by the City • Designated as a Class I Waterbody by New York State best used for secondary contact recreation and fishing
Combined Sewer Overflow in Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Water Quality Projected Conditions
• Completion of Avenue V CSO Volume (million gallons in a typical year) Pumping Station Upgrade is 350
expected to reduce CSO 300 volumes by 87% 250 • Dissolved oxygen expected to 200 improve; 100% compliance 150 100 with existing Class I standard 50
will not be achieved in the 0 middle and east end based on Baseline (without upgrade) Projected (with upgrade) previous modeling
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Tidal Flushing Simulation
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Aquatic Species & Migratory Birds
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Mapped Ecological Communities
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Fish and Wildlife
• C ount and diversity of benthic species is low, based on 2004 data • Diverse finfish community beyond the western end of the creek • Lacking habitat for terrestrial species • Numerous shore and migratory birds observed
January 2015: Cooper’s hawk, red-tailed hawk, great blue heron, ring-billed gull, great black-backed gull, herring gull, brant, mallard,
bufflehead, loon spp., American black duck, mute swan, American coot, Canada goose, American crow, sparrow spp.
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek 22 Sediment & Soil Quality
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Sediment & Soil Quality
• Sediment quality consistent with sediments in Hudson Raritan Estuary • Concentrations exceed ecological criteria for metals and other analytes • Remedial activities at sites along the Creek have improved soil quality • Site specific, additional testing would be required
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Drainage
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Understanding Drainage
• Most of the drainage area to Coney Island Creek is via separate storm sewers or overland flow • Significant investment in drainage improvements within project area • New Citywide MS4 Permit expected to be finalized in 2015
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Runoff and Overflows
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek 27 Drainage Improvements
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Diverse Ecological Conditions
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Coney Island Creek Reaches
• 2-mile long Creek varies in its width from 900 feet wide at the west end to 150 feet wide at the east end • Ecological conditions also vary across Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Reach 1: West Side of MTA Railroad Bridge to Belt Pkwy
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Reach 2: West Side of Cropsey Ave Bridge to West Side of MTA Railroad Bridge
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Reach 3: W 25th St to West Side of Cropsey Ave Bridge
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Reach 4: Leon S Kaiser Park to W 25th St
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Reach 5: End of Bayview Ave to Leon S Kaiser Park
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Community and Economic Profile
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Preliminary community and economic profile
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Primary study area captures a small segment of the surrounding community…
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Secondary study area is useful to understand the community profile
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Three neighborhoods comprise the study area
Gravesend
Sea Gate Coney Island
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek A focus area allows comparison of demographic and market information
Gravesend
Sea Gate Coney Island
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Lower income levels than Brooklyn are representative of the study area’s longstanding economic challenges
$50,000 $45,000 $43k $40,000 $35k $35,000 $29k $30,000 $25,000 $20,000 $15,000 $10,000 $5,000 $0 Focus Area Median Study Area Median Brooklyn Median Income Income Income
Source: 2014 ESRI Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Unemployment rates exceed the borough’s
14.00% 12.6% 12.00% 10.6% 10.00% 9.3% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% Focus Area Study Area Brooklyn Unemployment Unemployment Unemployment Source: 2014 ESRI Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Population largely employed in lower wage occupations
Employment by Sector, 2011 Average Annual Wage, 2014 (NYC MSA) Health Care & Social Assistance $48,957 Retail Trade $37,584 Educational Services $57,556 Accommodation & Food Services $30,323 Professional, Scientific, Technical Services $116,092 Public Administration $59,222 Transportation & Warehousing $51,170 Finance & Insurance $265,994 Administration & Support $51,443 Wholesale Trade $85,460 Other Services $43,970
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 Source: Census, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek More than half of population has a commute over 45 minutes
Study Area Commute Times
Less than 15 minutes, 10.3%
15-45 minutes, Greater than 45 38.5% minutes, 51.3%
Source: ACS 2008-2012 Estimates Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Seasonal jobs related to the area’s amusements provide some employment opportunities
800 11,200 Seasonal Jobs Year Round Jobs
Source: Alliance for Coney Island, U.S. Census Bureau Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Over half of the jobs in the study area are concentrated in three sectors
Health and Social Transportation Retail Care
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek The study area has slightly lower educational attainment than Brooklyn
Educational Attainment 90% 78% 80% 75% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 30% 25% 20% 10% 0% High School Degree or Above Bachelor's Degree or Above Study Area Brooklyn
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek The racial composition of the study area is reflective of Brooklyn
Study Area Population by Race Some Other Race, 6% Black origin
Hispanic origin Asian, 17% White, of Hispanic origin
Black, 16% White, 59% Asian alone
White only *15% of the population are of Hispanic origin
Source: 2010 Census Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Significant elderly population, likely to age in place
Population by Age Group 45% 40% 38% 35% 30% 30% 27% 28% 25% 22% 24% 20% 20% 15% 11% 10% 5% 0% Age 0-19 Age 20-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+ Source: 2010 Census Study Area Brooklyn
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Coney Island has not participated in Brooklyn’s population growth
1% 13% Study Area Population Growth Brooklyn Population Growth 2010-2014 2010-2014
Source: 2010 Census, 2014 ESRI Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek The majority of housing is the result of large-scale development in the 1960s and 1970s
Residential Units by Year Built 80% 72% 70%
60% 52% 50% 40% 37% 30% 19% 20% 9% 11% 10% 0% After 1980 1940-1980 Pre 1940 Study Area Brooklyn Source: ACS 2008-2012 Estimates Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Significant amount of public housing has been constructed
4,000 + Public housing units
3,600 + HUD-subsidized and Mitchell Lama units
1,000 + Astella Devel Corp built units
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Similar to the City, the majority of residents are renters
80% 75% 75% 71% 70% 69%
65%
60%
55%
50% Renter Occupied Renter Occupied Renter Occupied Households in Focus Households in Study Households in NYC Area Area Source: 2010 Census Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Prices are below those in Brooklyn
Study Area Brooklyn
Median Home Price $401k $563k
Median Rent $760 $1,010
Source: ACS 2008-2012 estimates Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Two trends characterize local retail
Residents New investments underserved by in big box retail convenience retail
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek How can flood protection investments benefit Coney Island?
Protect Keep Provide Vulnerable property and Essential Populations people safe Connections
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Urban Character & Urban Design
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Scale & Typology: Building Types
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Scale & Typology: Residential Building Types
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Low-Scale & High-Scale Residential
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Low-Scale & High-Scale Residential
West 33rd St, Coney Island
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Low-Scale & High-Scale Residential
Harway Avenue, Gravesend
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Low-Scale & High-Scale Residential
Surf Avenue, Coney Island
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Scale & Typology: Commercial & Industrial Buildings
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Large-Scale Commercial
Home Depot (West 21st St)
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: The Missing Piece
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Mixed-Use District
West 16th St, Coney Island
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Mixed-Use District
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Cropsey Avenue
Driving northbound on Cropsey Avenue in Coney Island and in Gravesend
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Cropsey Avenue
Walking southbound on Cropsey Avenue from the Creek to Neptune Avenue
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Character Areas: Stillwell Avenue
Driving northbound on Stillwell Avenue from Neptune Avenue to the Belt Parkway
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Waterfront Access
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Waterfront Access
Existing examples of waterfront access on private parcels
BJ’s, Home Depot, Raymour & Flanigan, Shore Parkway Cropsey Avenue Cropsey Avenue
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Urban Character & Urban Design Department of City Planning
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Waterfront Access Public Areas
DCP established waterfront zoning in 1993 to guide development and provide requirements for waterfront public access, which were modified in 2009. • Site -specific plans • Goals include: – Connectivity & access to water – Complement site conditions through high quality design Red Hook – Diversity of experiences
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Waterfront Access Public Areas
Case Study: Home Depot • Certification for Compliance w/ + Authorization for Modification to Waterfront Public Access & Visual Corridor Requirements – ~3 acres of public open space – 40’ public walkway along waterfront w/ amenities – Visual corridor providing view through the site to the waterfront – Park mapping & wetland restoration Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Waterfront Access Public Areas
Case Study: BJ’s (Brooklyn Bay Center) • Authorization for Modification to Waterfront Public Access & Visual Corridor Requirements – ~100,000 SF of public open space – 30’ wide upland connection w/ benches, lighting, plantings – Shore public walkway – Landscaping – Resiliency elements
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Open Space
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Open Space
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Open Space + NYCHA
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Open Space: NYC Parks – Creekside Locations
Views From Parks
Parks as Front Yards Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Open Space: NYC Parks – Creekside Locations
Active Recreation
Passive Recreation Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Open Space: Calvert Vaux Park
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Connections
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Connections
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Population
Primary Study Area 8,600
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Population
Secondary Study Area 92,000
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Access: Automobile and Truck Routes
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Access: Transit
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Access: Pedestrian and Bike
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Streetscapes
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek A Trip to Calvert Vaux Park
Coney Island: Hi-Rise Development Gravesend: Rowhouse Community
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Driving to Calvert Vaux
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Walking to Calvert Vaux
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Taking Public Transit to Calvert Vaux
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Belt Parkway Limits Connections
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Belt Parkway: Approaches to the Neighborhood
26th Avenue 27th Avenue Cropsey Avenue
Shell Road Stillwell Avenue Ocean Parkway Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Creek Crossings
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Creek Crossings
Cropsey Avenue Stillwell Avenue Shell Road
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Current Links Create Challenges to Access
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Urban Infrastructure
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Existing Storm Infrastructure and Drainage Patterns
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Amended Drainage Plan
• Plan derived from EIS rezoning analyses • Provide comprehensive stormwater management for the peninsula • Upgrade Infrastructure to support redevelopment • Redirect all stormwater water to Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Current and Future Drainage Improvement Phasing
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Challenges to Implementation: Topography
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Existing Street Widths
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Street Redevelopment and Raised Profiles
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek
Investigating Integrated Solutions for a Resilient Coney Island Creek