DOCSLIB.ORG

The Biomass Complex in Palm Oil Industry

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Biomass Complex in Palm Oil Industry Denny K. S. Ng, PhD, MIChemE • Qualifications: The Biomass Complex in – BEng (Chemical) (Hons.) (UTM) – PhD (University of Nottingham) Palm Oil Industry • Employment History: – Professor of Process Design and Integrated Biorefinery (since 2015) Prof Denny K. S. Ng, MIChemE Associate Professor, University of Nottingham (2012 - 2015) – Assistant Professor , University of Nottingham (2009 – 2012) – Post-doctoral Research Associate, Texas A&M University, US (2008) Professor of Process Design and Integrated Biorefinery Department of Chemical & Environment Engineering • Areas of research: – Process synthesis & design. – Resource conservation via process integration techniques Founding Director, Centre of Sustainable Palm Oil Research – Biomass processing and integrated biorefineries. (CESPOR) – Energy management The University of Nottingham, Malaysia – Carbon-constrained energy planning IChemE POPSIG 2 Outline of Presentation Palm Oil Industry • Palm Oil Industry World Consumption for Major • Potential, Policy and Challenges Fats and Oils - 2015 palm kernel tallow grease 3% 3% others Palm Oil Production by • Foodsteps of Palm Oil-based Biorefinery lard 11% palm 4% 28% Country - 2015 (Metric butter tonnes) – First Generation 5% Colombia, 1,175,000 • REGEN System to transform Palm Oil Mill sunflower 6% canola soybean Thailand, Nigeria, 15% 25% Others, 2,300,000 970,000 into Palm-based Biorefinery 4,945,000 • Conclusions Malaysia, Indonesia, 21,000,000 35,000,000 IChemE POPSIG 3 (IHS, 2016) & (GlobalPalmOilProduction, 2016) IChemE POPSIG 4 1 Palm Oil Industry Oil Palm Planted Area by State (Dec 2014) – Hectares (MPOB, 2015) IChemE POPSIG 5 IChemE POPSIG 6 Palm Oil Industry Palm Oil Milling Process Mesocarp Sterilisation FFB Kernel Shell Empty Fruit Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) Oil Palm Frond (OPF) Bunches (EFB) Palm Kernel Stripping EFB HARVESTING OIL MILLING Screw Nut/Fibre Nut Kernel Pressing Separator Cracker Crushing Fresh Fruit Bunches CPO/CPKO (FFB) Oil Palm Tree Clarification PMF PKS POME Palm Oil Oil Palm Trunk Palm Mesocarp Palm Oil Mill Purification Crude (OPT) Fiber (PMF) Effluent (POME) Crude Palm oil Palm Kernel Oil IChemE POPSIG 8 2 Crude Palm Oil Production (MPOB, 2015) Potential of palm oil biomass Biomass available from Quantity % from FFB* Palm Oil Industry (million tonnes) Empty Fruit Brunch (EFB) 23 21.24 Mesocarp Fibre 13 12.00 Palm Kernel Shell 6 5.54 Palm Oil Mill Effluent 60 55.40 (POME) *Based on 92.33 million tonnes FFB proceed in 2014 IChemE POPSIG 9 IChemE POPSIG 10 Palm-based Biomass Potential of Palm-based Biomass By 2020, solid biomass will increase to 85-110 million tonnes, POME to 70-110 million tonnes Biomass Ultimate Analysis (wt %) LHV Molecular C H N O* (MJ/kg) Formula Shell 53.78 7.20 0.00 36.30 22.14 CH1.69O0.54 Fiber 50.27 7.07 0.42 36.28 20.64 CH1.61O0.51 EFB 48.79 7.33 0.00 40.18 18.96 CH1.80O0.62 (Extracted from Malaysia Innovation Agency) IChemE POPSIG 11 IChemE POPSIG 12 3 Assessing the best uses of National Biomass Strategy Malaysia’s palm oil biomass 2020 (Extracted from Malaysia Innovation Agency) (Extracted from Malaysia Innovation Agency) IChemE POPSIG 13 IChemE POPSIG 14 National Biomass Strategy Technical Challenges 2020 • Assessing the best uses of Malaysia’s palm oil • Feedstocks: Production, Supply Chain biomass • Capacity, Efficiency: Requires proven – Downstream technologies of today and tomorrow results – Additional value creation: Biomass to wealth • Pellets • Equipment design: Adaption from other • Biofuels industries (e.g., wood) • Biobased chemicals • Technology: Large number of possible • Costing the mobilisation of biomass to create pathways more value from oil palm • Capturing the RM 30 billion opportunity (Agensi Inovasi Malaysia) IChemE POPSIG 15 IChemE POPSIG 16 4 Non-technical Challenges Recent research on palm oil-based biomass • Use of land: Effect of large areas of utilisation (Ng & Ng, 2013) monoculture Category Technology Value Added Product • Economic: Investment, cost of Physical Densification Palm briquette Palm pellet production, taxation policies, subsidies Hybrid plywood MDF • Company policy/strategy: “wait and see” Biological Anaerobic Digestion Biogas Fermentation Bioethanol • Working environment and culture: Biopolymer Operators are not trained to handle new Compost Thermochemical Gasification Syngas technology Pyrolysis Bio-oil Torrefaction Torrefied biomass Liquefaction Bio-oil IChemE POPSIG 17 IChemE POPSIG 18 Palm Oil-based Biorefinery Platforms of Biorefinery (NREL) • Processing facility that transform oil palm • Sugar-lignin platform biomass into any value-added products. – Fermentation, hydrolysis, etc. • Thermochemical platform – Biofuels – Gasification, pyrolysis, etc. – Biomaterials • Biogas platform – Specialty chemicals – Anaerobic Digestion – Pharmaceuticals • Carbon-rich chains platform – Biodiesel • Plant product platform – Oil extraction from algae IChemE POPSIG 19 IChemE POPSIG 20 5 Integrated Biorefinery Integrated Biorefinery • Various processing systems (e.g. fermentation, gasification, pyrolysis, hydrolysis etc.) Thermal Chemical Pathway (Gasification, Pyrolysis, etc.) High Value • Focus on the use of non-food crop as feedstocks, Products Clean Gas (Biofuels, e.g. EFB, OPF, OPT, etc.; Biochemicals, Biomaterials, etc.) • Multiple feedstock, multiple products, minimum Biomass Combined Heat & (EFB, PKS, etc.) Power waste Residuals Bioenergy • Have multiple levels of process integration (Electricity) – Material and energy recovery Biological Pathway (Fermentation, Hydrolysis) IChemE POPSIG 21 IChemE POPSIG 22 Footsteps of Palm Oil- Integrated Waste based Biorefinery Recovery & Regeneration System (REGEN System) • Biomaterials • Dried Long Fibre • Palm Briquette • Palm Pellet • Bio-Organic Compost • Bioenergy • Direct heat & power generation via biomass boiler • Biogas from POME • Electricity IChemE POPSIG 23 IChemE POPSIG 24 6 Waste/Biomass → value-added products & power Together with Eureka Synergy Sdn Bhd – Highly Recommended for Decanter cake Empty fruit bunch Empty fruit bunch Palm oil mill effluent Palm oil mill effluent Palm oil mill effluent Decanter cake Sustainable Technology Award 2015 Empty fruit bunch Empty fruit bunch Boiler ash Water Fiberizing Pelletizing Biogas Composting Animal Feed Shortlisted for Recycling System System System System Plant Palm Oil Industry Award 2015 System Dried Clear Biogas Bio- Animal Pellet Long Fiber Water (power) fertilizer Feed “together we free DOE from busy schedule in palm oil industry” IChemE POPSIG 26 IChemE POPSIG 25 Bioreactor for Biogas Production from Bioreactor for Biogas Production from Palm Oil Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Mill Effluent (POME) Pilot Scale Research The most promising solution for water pollution and energy problems faced by the palm oil industries. 60% SMALLER FOOTPRINT 10% MORE BIOGAS HIGHER METHANE PURITY LOWER H2S CONCENTRATION MEETING BOD 20PPM IChemE POPSIG 27 IChemE POPSIG 28 7 IAAB Pilot Plant Pump House 1 & Pump House 2 IChemE POPSIG 30 IChemE POPSIG 29 Discharge and Transfer Sump CESPOR Office and Lab IChemE POPSIG 31 IChemE POPSIG 32 8 POME Treatment Expected Performance Parameter Treated Recovered DOE Drinking Unit Effluent water Std. Water Std. (2006) pH 6.8-7 7-8 5-9 6.5-9 BOD 15-22 <6 20 6a mg/L COD 200 - 250 <10 Nil 10a mg/L TSS 50-100 400 mg/L Turbidity Nil <5 5 NTU SCADA System O&G ND ND 50 0.3 mg/L TN 100 mg/L Color -- <15 15 TCU TDS 1000 mg/L abased on raw water IChemE POPSIG 33 34 POME Treatment POME Treatment Expected Performance Expected Performance Final treated POME via Polishing System Anaerobic Aerobic treatment treatment Anaerobically Raw POME treated POME Recovered water from treated POME Average COD: 650 mg/L Average BOD: 28 mg/L Average COD: <10 mg/L Average TSS : 200 mg/L Average BOD: <6 mg/L Average Turbidity : <5 mg/L abased on raw water 35 36 9 Biogas Generation Expected Performance Treated POME Parameter Raw Gas Engine Flaring Unit Biogas allowance system Moisture Content 51 10 saturated g/m3 (30-100) or or 4-8 1 %v/v Temperature 40 5 -- oC Methane 60-62 50 10-50b % POME 35a to H2S 40 -700 4000 -- ppm Clear Water 10000a Quality Biogas Production 1200 -- -- m3/hr @STP 800a aevent of failure; b<10% needs burner adjustment Wastewater Water quality After treatment before during treatment treatment IChemE POPSIG 37 38 Fiberizing System Power Generation System Product Palm dried long fiber Palm short fiber2 Bulk density 300 kg/m3 -- Fiber length 40 - 45 mm 25 – 30 mm Moisture content 15 % - 35 % 15 % - 35 % Product Power Market price1 (as of May 2014) RM 500 per tonne RM 200 per tonne Capacity (60 t/h FFB) 2200 kW 1The market price quoted is freight-on-board (FOB) price, after Market price (as of October 2014) RM 0.4169 per kW utility cost excluding wear and tear. 2 Palm short fiber is to be recover to pelletizing system for pellet production. IChemE POPSIG 39 10 Pelletizing System Fiber Mat System Product Fibre Mat GSM 1000 g/m2 Moisture content < 15% Market price1 (as +/- RM 2000 per tonne of May 2014) Product Palm pellet 1The market price quoted 3 is freight-on-board (FOB) 1 Density 650 kg/m The market price quoted is freight-on- price, after utility cost board (FOB) price, after utility cost Heating value 4300 kcal/kg excluding wear and tear. excluding wear and tear. Moisture content < 10.5% IChemE POPSIG 41 Biofertiliser System Product Biofertiliser 1The market price quoted C/N Ratio < 20 is freight-on-board (FOB) price, after utility cost Organic Matter > 35 % excluding wear and tear. Moisture content < 30 % Total NPK > 5 % 1
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Indonesia's Moratorium on Palm Oil Expansion from Natural Forests: Economy-Wide Impacts and the Role of International Transfer
    Indonesia’s Moratorium on Palm Oil Expansion from Natural Forests: Economy-Wide Impacts and the Role of International Transfers Arief A. Yusuf,Elizabeth L. Roos, and Jonathan M. Horridge∗ Indonesia has introduced a moratorium on the conversion of natural forests to land used for palm oil production. Using a dynamic, bottom-up, interregional computable general equilibrium model of the Indonesian economy, we assess several scenarios of the moratorium and discuss its impacts on the domestic economy as well as on regional economies within Indonesia. We find the moratorium reduces Indonesian economic growth and other macroeconomic indicators, but international transfers can more than compensate the welfare losses. The impacts also vary across regions. Sumatra, which is highly dependent on palm oil and is home to forests that no longer have a high carbon stock, receives fewer transfers and suffers the greatest economic loss. Kalimantan, which is relatively less dependent on palm oil and has forests with a relatively high carbon stock, receives more transfers and gets greater benefit. This implies that additional policy measures anticipating the unbalanced impacts of the moratorium are required if the trade-off between conservation and reducing interregional economic disparity is to be reconciled. Keywords: carbon emissions, computable general equilibrium, Indonesia, palm oil JEL codes: R10, R11, R13 I. Introduction The United Nations Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) program seeks to reduce carbon emissions resulting from deforestation and enhance carbon stocks in forests, while also contributing to national sustainable development (UN-REDD 2015). REDD supports developing countries in their efforts to mitigate climate change through the implementation of several activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Timber Forest Products
    Agrodok 39 Non-timber forest products the value of wild plants Tinde van Andel This publication is sponsored by: ICCO, SNV and Tropenbos International © Agromisa Foundation and CTA, Wageningen, 2006. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photocopy, microfilm or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. First edition: 2006 Author: Tinde van Andel Illustrator: Bertha Valois V. Design: Eva Kok Translation: Ninette de Zylva (editing) Printed by: Digigrafi, Wageningen, the Netherlands ISBN Agromisa: 90-8573-027-9 ISBN CTA: 92-9081-327-X Foreword Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are wild plant and animal pro- ducts harvested from forests, such as wild fruits, vegetables, nuts, edi- ble roots, honey, palm leaves, medicinal plants, poisons and bush meat. Millions of people – especially those living in rural areas in de- veloping countries – collect these products daily, and many regard selling them as a means of earning a living. This Agrodok presents an overview of the major commercial wild plant products from Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific. It explains their significance in traditional health care, social and ritual values, and forest conservation. It is designed to serve as a useful source of basic information for local forest dependent communities, especially those who harvest, process and market these products. We also hope that this Agrodok will help arouse the awareness of the potential of NTFPs among development organisations, local NGOs, government officials at local and regional level, and extension workers assisting local communities. Case studies from Cameroon, Ethiopia, Central and South Africa, the Pacific, Colombia and Suriname have been used to help illustrate the various important aspects of commercial NTFP harvesting.
    [Show full text]
  • London's Soap Industry and the Development of Global Ghost Acres
    London’s Soap Industry and the Development of Global Ghost Acres in the Nineteenth Century John Knight won a prize medal at the Great Exhibition in 1851 for his soaps, which included an ‘excellent Primrose or Pale-yellow-soap, made with tallow, American rosin, and soda’.1 In the decades that followed the prize, John Knight’s Royal Primrose Soap emerged as one of the United Kingdom’s leading laundry soap brands. In 1880, the firm moved down the Thames from Wapping in East London to a significantly larger factory in West Ham’s Silvertown district.2 The new soap works was capable of producing between two hundred and three hundred tons of soap per week, along with a considerable number of candles, and extracting oil from four hundred tons of cotton seeds.3 To put this quantity of soap into context, the factory could manufacture more soap in a year than the whole of London produced in 1832.4 The prize and relocation together represented the industrial and commercial triumph of this nineteenth-century family business. A complimentary article from 1888, argued the firm’s success rested on John Knights’ commitment ‘to make nothing but the very best articles, to sell them at the very lowest possible prices, and on no account to trade beyond his means’.5 The publication further explained that before the 1830s, soap ‘was dark in colour, and the 1 Charles Wentworth Dilke, Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations, 1851: Catalogue of a Collection of Works On, Or Having Reference To, the Exhibition of 1851, 1852, 614.
    [Show full text]
  • Current Knowledge on Interspecific Hybrid Palm Oils As Food and Food
    foods Review Current Knowledge on Interspecific Hybrid Palm Oils as Food and Food Ingredient Massimo Mozzon , Roberta Foligni * and Cinzia Mannozzi * Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 10, 60131 Ancona, Italy; m.mozzon@staff.univpm.it * Correspondence: r.foligni@staff.univpm.it (R.F.); c.mannozzi@staff.univpm.it (C.M.); Tel.: +39-071-220-4010 (R.F.); +39-071-220-4014 (C.M.) Received: 6 April 2020; Accepted: 10 May 2020; Published: 14 May 2020 Abstract: The consumers’ opinion concerning conventional palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil is negatively affected by environmental and nutritional issues. However, oils extracted from drupes of interspecific hybrids Elaeis oleifera E. guineensis are getting more and more interest, due to their chemical and × nutritional properties. Unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic) are the most abundant constituents (60%–80% of total fatty acids) of hybrid palm oil (HPO) and are mainly acylated in position sn-2 of the glycerol backbone. Carotenes and tocotrienols are the most interesting components of the unsaponifiable matter, even if their amount in crude oils varies greatly. The Codex Committee on Fats and Oils recently provided HPO the “dignity” of codified fat substance for human consumption and defined the physical and chemical parameters for genuine crude oils. However, only few researches have been conducted to date on the functional and technological properties of HPO, thus limiting its utilization in food industry. Recent studies on the nutritional effects of HPO softened the initial enthusiasm about the “tropical equivalent of olive oil”, suggesting that the overconsumption of HPO in the most-consumed processed foods should be carefully monitored.
    [Show full text]
  • Converting Waste Oil Palm Trees Into a Resource R O G R a M M E P N V I R O N M E N T E
    w w w . u n ep. o r g United Nations Environment Programme P.O. Box 30552 Nairobi, 00100 Kenya Tel: (254 20) 7621234 Fax: (254 20) 7623927 E-mail: [email protected] web: www.unep.org CONVERTING WASTE OIL PALM TREES INTO A ESOURCE R ROGRAMME P NVIRONMENT E ATIONS N NITED U Copyright © United Nations Environment Programme, 2012 This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educa- tional or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNEP would appreciate receiv- ing a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. Disclaimer The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Na- tions Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundar- ies. Moreover, the views expressed do not necessarily represent the decision or the stated policy of the United Nations Environment Programme, nor does citing of trade names or commercial processes constitute endorsement. Acknowledgement This document was developed by a team led by Dr. Wan Asma Ibrahim Head of Bioen- ergy Programme, Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) under the overall guidance and supervision of Surya Prakash Chandak, Senior Pro- gramme Officer, International Environmental Technology Centre, Division of Technol- ogy, Industry & Economics, United Nations Environment Programme.
    [Show full text]
  • On Palm Oil and Deforestation in Borneo
    On Palm Oil and Deforestation in Borneo: A Step-Wise Model- Based Policy Analysis Yola Riana Effendi, Bramka Arga Jafino, Erik Pruyt Delft University of Technology - Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management Jaffalaan 5, 2626 BX, Delft, The Netherlands [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Deforestation due to the increasing palm oil demand has been a major environmental issue in Indonesia, especially in Kalimantan on Borneo Island, where the growth of oil palm plantation is the highest. As the potential for oil palm plantations in Sumatra Island has been reached, expansion has moved to Kalimantan where forest coverage is still relatively high. Besides logging trees, land is cleared by burning the forest without proper procedures and neglecting the environmental surroundings of the forest. Consequently, the fire spreads and affects surrounding areas. This study attempts to explore the long-term dynamics of the forest coverage in Kalimantan and to design policies to reduce the damage caused by this expansion. Using a model-based adaptive robust design approach, we show that it is possible to reduce the percentage of simulation runs which forest coverage in 2100 is smaller than 15 million hectares from more than 80% to less than 15%. Ultimately, the percentage of simulation runs which forest coverage is less than 10 million hectares is even smaller than 2% after the final policies are executed. Keywords: palm oil, Borneo, deforestation, system dynamics, deep uncertainty, adaptive robust design I. BACKGROUND Palm oil constitutes the largest share of vegetable oil produced in the world because palm tree has the biggest yield of oil extraction compared to other crops.
    [Show full text]
  • Mechanical Properties of Oil Palm Wood (Elaeis Guineensis JACQ.)
    Mechanical Properties of Oil Palm Wood (Elaeis guineensis JACQ.) K. Fruehwald-Koenig†* †University of Applied Sciences Ostwestfalen-Lippe, Liebigstr. 87, 32657 Lemgo, Germany, [email protected] Oil palms (Elaeis guineensis JACQ.) are mainly cultivated in large plantations for palm oil production to be used for food, chemicals, pharmaceuticals and energy material. Worldwide, oil palms cover an area of nearly 25 million ha of which 75 % are located in Asia. After 25 years of age, the palms are felled and replaced due to declining oil production. Like all other biomass, the trunks remain on the plantation site for nutrient recycling. This leads to increased insect and fungi populations causing problems for the new palm generation. Many regions where oil palms grow currently suffer from a decline in timber harvested from their tropical forests. The average annual total volume of trunks from plantation clearings amounts to more than 100 million m³. Recent research has explored the commercial uses of oil palm wood. In many cases, the wood can substitute for tropical hardwoods, e. g. as panels (block-boards, flash doors, multi-layer solid wood panels) and construction timber. Appropriate use of the wood requires defined elasto-mechanical properties and therefore grading of the lumber. Being monocotyledons, palms show distinct differences in the anatomical structure compared to common wood species. Only lateral and no radial growth of the stem means no growth rings, no wood rays, no knots. The wood consists of lengthwise oriented vascular bundles (VB) embedded in parenchymatous ground tissue. The vascular bundles are composed of vessels for water transport and sclerenchymatous fiber cells (fiber caps) with thick walls formed to fiber bundles for structural stability; the density of the VB is high between 0.8 to 1.4 g/cm³.
    [Show full text]
  • Current Issues in Non-Timber Forest Products Research
    New Cover 6/24/98 9:56 PM Page 1 Current Issues in Non-Timber Forest Products Research Edited by M. Ruiz Pérez and J.E.M. Arnold CIFOR CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH Front pages 6/24/98 10:02 PM Page 1 CURRENT ISSUES IN NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS RESEARCH Front pages 6/24/98 10:02 PM Page 3 CURRENT ISSUES IN NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS RESEARCH Proceedings of the Workshop ÒResearch on NTFPÓ Hot Springs, Zimbabwe 28 August - 2 September 1995 Editors: M. Ruiz PŽrez and J.E.M. Arnold with the assistance of Yvonne Byron CIFOR CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH Front pages 6/24/98 10:02 PM Page 4 © 1996 by Center for International Forestry Research All rights reserved. Published 1996. Printed in Indonesia Reprinted July 1997 ISBN: 979-8764-06-4 Cover: Children selling baobab fruits near Hot Springs, Zimbabwe (photo: Manuel Ruiz PŽrez) Center for International Forestry Research Bogor, Indonesia Mailing address: PO Box 6596 JKPWB, Jakarta 10065, Indonesia Front pages 6/24/98 10:02 PM Page 5 Contents Foreword vii Contributors ix Chapter 1: Framing the Issues Relating to Non-Timber Forest Products Research 1 J.E. Michael Arnold and Manuel Ruiz PŽrez Chapter 2: Observations on the Sustainable Exploitation of Non-Timber Tropical Forest Products An EcologistÕs Perspective Charles M. Peters 19 Chapter 3: Not Seeing the Animals for the Trees The Many Values of Wild Animals in Forest Ecosystems 41 Kent H. Redford Chapter 4: Modernisation and Technological Dualism in the Extractive Economy in Amazonia 59 Alfredo K.O.
    [Show full text]
  • OIL PALM from Cosmetics to Biodiesel COLONIZATION LIVES ON
    OIL PALM From Cosmetics to Biodiesel COLONIZATION LIVES ON General Co-ordination: Ricardo Carrere Edition: Hersilia Fonseca Cover design: Flavio Pazos © World Rainforest Movement International Secretariat Maldonado 1858, Montevideo, Uruguay Tel.: +598 2 413 2989, Fax: +598 2 410 0985 e-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.wrm.org.uy European Office 1c Fosseway Business Centre Stratford Road Moreton in Marsh GL56 9NQ United Kingdom Ph: +44 1608 652893, Fax: +44 1608 6512 878 e-mail: [email protected] The contents of this publication can be reproduced totally or partially without prior authorization. However, the World Rainforest Movement should be duly accredited and notified of any reproduction. The elaboration of this publication contents was made possible with support from NOVIB (The Netherlands), the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation (SSNC) and Rel-UITA (Latin American Regional Secretariat). The views expressed, the information and material presented, and the geographical and geopolitical designations used in this product, exclusively imply the opinion of the authors. This book is also available in Spanish.. Published in: September 2006. ISBN: 9974 - 7969 - 7 - 0 OIL PALM From Cosmetics to Biodiesel COLONIZATION LIVES ON WRM CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Oil Palm: The Expansion of Another Destructive Monoculture By Ricardo Carrere GENERAL ARTICLES Oil palm and soybean: Two paradigmatic deforestation cash crops Monocultures: The symbol of an outdated model Oil-palm plantations: No sustainability possible with Paraquat The most destructive
    [Show full text]
  • Global Market Report: Palm Oil Vivek Voora, Cristina Larrea, Steffany Bermudez, and Sofia Baliño
    SUSTAINABLE COMMODITIES MARKETPLACE SERIES 2019 Global Market Report: Palm Oil Vivek Voora, Cristina Larrea, Steffany Bermudez, and Sofia Baliño Palm oil’s superior yields, affordability, consumes the balance at 10%.4 Palm oil is generally and versatility drive demand, led by Asian destined for export: an estimated 75% of overall palm economies. oil production was exported in 2016, which amounted to 48.9 million tonnes.5–8 The export value of palm Palm oil is the most consumed edible oil in the world, oil and palm kernel oil (crude and refined) was worth 1 having surpassed all others in 2015. Palm oil and USD 28.2 billion and USD 3.7 billion, respectively, palm kernel oil are extracted from the oil palm’s fruit that same year.8 The (retail) market value of the sector flesh and seed, respectively, providing ingredients for in 2016 was at least USD 65 billion, and it has made numerous edible and personal care products as well a significant contribution to the world economy: USD as feedstock for biofuels.2,3 Breaking consumption 39 billion to the global gross domestic product (GDP) down by industry sector, the processed food industry and USD 4.3 billion in tax revenues. The sector was consumes approximately 72% of all palm oil also the source of 2.9 million downstream jobs in production, the personal care and cleaning products 2013/2014, with people employed in industries that use industry consumes 18%, and the biofuel industry palm oil derivatives to produce food ingredients (i.e., VSS-compliant oil palm fruit accounted for at least 17% of total oil palm fruit production in 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • Palm Oil Shopping Guide: Current Best Choices
    FOOD Brand Names of FOOD Brand Names of FOOD Brand Names of FOOD Brand Names of FOOD Brand Names of Make a Difference RSPO Members RSPO Members RSPO Members RSPO Members RSPO Members for Wild 3 Musketeers Cinnamon Toast Crunch Honey Maid Grahams Mothers Cookies Splenda Orangutans Act II Coffee Mate Hot Pockets Mountain High Yogurt Starburst Adam's PB Country Crock Hungry Jack Muffin Mam Pastries Stouffers Almond Joy Country Time Hunt's Muir Glen Trident Gum BOYCOTTING PALM Altoids Crisco International Delight Nabisco Sun Chips OIL IS NOT THE Arnott's Biscuits Crunch and Munch Jenny Craig Meals Nature Valley SuperMoist Cake Mixes SOLUTION… Aunt Jemima Foods Dean's Dips Jeno's Pizza Near East Sweet Rewards Bars Austin Brand Crackers Doritos Jif PB Nerds Sweet Tarts Supporting Baby Ruth Dove Chocolates Jiffy Pop Nesquik Swiss Miss companies that are Bac Os Dreyer's Jolly Ranchers Nestle Products Tombstone Pizza members of the Baker's Chocolate Edy's Justin's NutButter Nutter Butter Cookies Tostitos RSPO (Roundtable on Balance Bars Egg Beaters Justin's PB Cups Old El Paso Total Cereal Sustainable Palm Oil) Banquet Meals Endangered Species Choc. Keebler Cookies Oreo Cookies Totino's Pizza is the most Barilla Famous Amos Cookies Keebler Crackers Orville Redenbacher's Trix Cereal responsible solution. BelVita Fiber One Products Kellogg's Products Pam Tuna Helper Ben & Jerry's Ice Cream Fleischmann's Kid Cuisine Parent's Choice Twix Bertolli Frito Lay Kit Kat Parkay Twizzlers For more information Betty Crocker products Folgers Kix Cereal Pasta
    [Show full text]
  • Elaeis Guineensis Arecaceae Jacq
    Elaeis guineensis Jacq. Arecaceae wild oil palm, oil palm, African oil palm LOCAL NAMES Burmese (si-htan,si-ohn); Creole (crocro guinee,crocro); Dutch (oliepalm); English (wild oil palm,African oil palm,guinea oil palm,oil palm); French (crocro,corossier,corojo de Guinea,crocro guinée,palmier a huile); German (Steinfrüchte,Ölpalme); Italian (palma da olio); Luganda (munazi,mubira); Malay (kelapa sawit); Mandinka (tango,tengo,tego,tee); Spanish (palma africana,corozo,corojo de Guinea,coroco); Swahili (mchikichi,mjenga,miwesi); Thai (pan namman); Trade name (oil palm,wild oil palm,African oil palm); Vietnamese (dua dâu,co dâu) Processed fruit bunches for industrial use in BOTANIC DESCRIPTION distillation of ylang flowers. Sikense, Ivory Elaeis guineensis is a handsome tree reaching a height of 20 m or more Coast. (Griffee P.) at maturity. The trunk is characterized by persistent, spirally arranged leaf bases and bears a crown of 20-40 massive leaves. The root system consists of primaries and secondaries in the top 140 cm of soil. Leaves numerous, erect, spreading to drooping, long, reaching 3-5 m in adult trees; leaf stalks short with a broad base. Spiny, fibrous projections exist along the leaf margins from the leaf sheath, wearing away on old leaves to jagged spines. Leaf blades have numerous (100-160 pairs), of long leaflets with prominent midribs, tapered to a point; arranged in groups or singly along the midrib, arising sometimes in different planes. Friendly Farm - fruits 6 weeks from maturity; Luapula province. (Griffee P.) Male and female inflorescences occur on 1 plant; sometimes a single inforescence contains both male and female flowers.
    [Show full text]