Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan National Trust of Australia (Wa)

LUISINI WINERY PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN NATIONAL TRUST OF AUSTRALIA (WA)

Prepared by:

Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd 9 Stirling Highway • PO Box 50, North Fremantle WA 6159 Telephone: (08) 9430 8955 Facsimile: (08) 9430 8977 email: [email protected] website: http://www.ecoscape.com.au

4145-0997-02R Final Rev 1 October, 2003 REPORT FOR NATIONAL TRUST OF AUSTRALIA (WA) LUISINI WINERY PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

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This report has been exclusively drafted for the needs of National Trust of Australia (WA). No express or implied warranties are made by Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd regarding the research findings and data contained in this report. All of the information details included in this report are based upon the existent land area conditions, research provided and obtained, and so forth at the time Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd conducted its analysis into the area. Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd will not be responsible for the application of its recommended strategies by National Trust of Australia (WA).

Please note that the strategies devised in this report may not be directly applicable towards another agency’s needs or any other specific land area requiring management strategies. We would also warn against the environmental dangers of adapting this report’s strategies to another land area which has not been researched and analysed by Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd. Instead, please contact Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd to provide a tailored report for your area’s needs. Otherwise, Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd accepts no liability whatsoever for a third party’s use of, or reliance upon, this specific report.

Direct all inquiries to: Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd 9 Stirling Highway • PO Box 50 North Fremantle WA 6159 Ph: (08) 9430 8955 Fax: (08) 9430 8977 [email protected]

Document Status Rev. Reviewer Approved for Issue Author No. Name Signature Name Signature Date

4145-0997-02R Final Rev 1 October, 2003

Table of Contents Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

Acknowledgments ...... v

Summary ...... vii

1.0 Introduction...... 1 1.1 Brief Description of the Proposal...... 1 1.2 Study Area ...... 2 1.2.1 Location and Description ...... 2 1.2.2 Tenure and Management...... 7 2.0 Project History ...... 13 2.1 Community Consultation...... 13 2.1.1 Issues Raised During Consultation...... 14 3.0 Biophysical Environment...... 15 3.1 Geomorphology and Soils ...... 15 3.2 Groundwater ...... 15 3.3 Wetlands...... 16 3.3.1 Water Quality ...... 16 3.4 Vegetation and Flora ...... 19 3.5 Fauna and Fauna Habitat ...... 19 3.5.1 Mammals ...... 20 3.5.2 Birds ...... 20 3.5.3 Reptiles and Amphibians...... 20 3.5.4 Fish ...... 23 3.6 Conservation Value...... 23 4.0 Cultural Heritage...... 25 4.1 Aboriginal Heritage...... 25 4.2 Non-Aboriginal Heritage and Past Land Use...... 26 4.2.1 Building Restoration ...... 26 5.0 Planning and Management Framework...... 29 5.1 State ...... 29 5.1.1 Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan...... 29 5.1.2 Bush Forever 2000...... 30 5.1.3 Wetlands Conservation Policy for Western Australia 1997 ...... 30 5.1.4 Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Lakes) Policy 1992 and Draft Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Wetlands) Policy 1999 ...... 31 5.1.5 Heritage of Western Australia Act, 1990...... 31 5.1.6 Water and Rivers Commission Position Statement: Wetlands ...... 31 5.1.7 Water Quality Protection Policy No. X: Policy and Guidelines for Recreation and General Access on Crown Land within Public Drinking Water Source Areas and Other Water Source Catchments 2001 ...... 32 5.1.8 Draft Statement of Planning Policy: Public Drinking Water Source Policy 2001...... 33 5.1.9 Land Use Compatibility in Public Drinking Water Source Areas 2002 ...... 33 5.1.10 Review of the Environmental Protection (Gnangara Mound) Policy 1992...... 34 5.1.11 Gnangara Land Use and Water Management Strategy 2001...... 34 5.1.12 Environmental Management Guidelines for Vineyards 2002...... 35 5.1.13 Metropolitan Region Scheme...... 35

© Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd 4145-0997-02R Final Rev 1 Page i 5.1.14 Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972...... 35 5.1.15 Native Title Act 1993 ...... 36 5.1.16 Guidance Statement for Management of Mosquitoes by Land Developers (2000)...... 36 5.1.17 Liquid Waste Regulations and Controlled Waste Regulations...... 36 5.1.18 Discharge of Industrial Waste to Sewer...... 37 5.1.19 Environmental Protection (Noise) Regulations 1997 ...... 37 5.2 Local ...... 38 5.2.1 Town Planning Scheme and Structure Plan...... 38 6.0 Environmental Impacts and Management Strategies...... 39 6.1 Landform, Geology and Soils...... 39 6.1.1 Site Contamination ...... 39 6.1.2 Soil Erosion...... 40 6.2 Water ...... 42 6.2.1 Groundwater Quality...... 42 6.2.2 Groundwater Flow Regimes...... 44 6.2.3 Wetlands...... 4 5 6.2.4 Surface Water Quality...... 47 6.2.5 Surface Water Flow Regimes...... 47 6.3 Flora and Vegetation ...... 48 6.3.1 Disturbance to Vegetation...... 48 6.3.2 Weed Invasion and Weed Control...... 49 6.4 Fauna and Fauna Habitat ...... 50 6.4.1 Disturbance to Fauna ...... 50 6.5 Biodiversity and Conservation Values...... 51 6.5.1 Yellagonga Regional Park ...... 51 6.5.2 Conservation Values ...... 51 6.6 Non-chemical Emissions ...... 51 6.6.1 Waste ...... 51 6.6.2 Noise ...... 52 6.7 Landscape ...... 52 6.7.1 Visual Amenity ...... 52 6.8 Cultural Heritage ...... 53 6.8.1 Aboriginal Culture and Heritage ...... 53 6.8.2 European Heritage ...... 53 6.9 Public Health and Safety ...... 55 6.9.1 Mosquitoes ...... 55 6.9.2 Midges...... 55 6.9.3 Access and Traffic...... 56 6.9.4 Fire ...... 58 6.9.5 Vineyard ...... 59 6.10 Sustainability...... 59 6.10.1 Building Design ...... 59 7.0 Summary of Management Strategies ...... 62

References ...... 74

Appendix One: Community Consultation Documents ...... 79

Appendix Two: Water Level Fluctuation in Lake Goollelal ...... 85

Appendix Three: Search of Register of Aboriginal Sites ...... 87

Appendix Four: Bradley Method of Bush Regeneration ...... 91

Appendix Five: Letter from Herring Storer Acoustics...... 93

Page ii 4145-0997-02R Final Rev 1 © Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Recommended maintenance programme for Luisini Winery buildings ...... 54 Table 2: Evaluation of the three access options shown in Figure 2...... 57 Table 3: Summary of Management Recommendations...... 62

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location map of the Luisini Winery redevelopment site ...... 9 Figure 2: Concept plan of the Luisini Winery redevelopment...... 11 Figure 3: Location of Lake Goollelal in relation to the project area...... 17 Figure 4: Remnant vegetation near the Luisini Winery site...... 21

LIST OF PLATES Plate 1: Luisini Winery buildings viewed from the north...... 3 Plate 2: View from the south of Luisini Winery buildings from Lakeway Drive, showing perimeter fence ...... 3 Plate 3: View of the Luisini Winery buildings from the west...... 3 Plate 4: North aspect of remaining winery buildings, with Lake Goollelal visible in the background ...... 5 Plate 5: 180o view from Lakeway Drive showing nearby homes, Lake Goollelal and Luisini Winery buildings...... 5

Acknowledgments Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

Ecoscape would like to acknowledge the contribution the following people made to this project.

Tim Bowra, Department of Conservation and Land Management Graeme Catchpole, City of Joondalup Kathy Choo, Department of Environment Anthony Coupe, Mulloway Studio Brendan Dooley, Department of Conservation and Land Management Alison Edmunds, City of Joondalup Marion Fredriksson, Marion Fredriksson Design John Goldsmith, City of Joondalup Julia Lawson, Department of Environment Brad Lenton, City of Joondalup Rosemary Lerch, Water and Rivers Commission Megan McGuire, Water and Rivers Commission Rebecca Mowen, Department of Environment Lee Prideaux, City of Joondalup Enzo Sirna, National Trust Sharon Stratico, Water and Rivers Commission Suzie Veljanoska, City of Joondalup Darren Walsh, Department of Environment Kate Williams, Department of Planning and Infrastructure Phil Wesley, City of Joondalup

Summary Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

Introduction The historic remnants of the Luisini Winery are situated in the suburb of Kingsley, about 20 kilometres north of the Perth city centre, overlooking Lake Goollelal. The National Trust of Australia (WA), who have been entrusted with the conservation and interpretation this important natural and cultural heritage place, have proposed restoring and redeveloping the site. The aims and objectives of the Luisini Winery redevelopment are to develop an integrated and multifaceted cultural, heritage, educational and recreational facility that is environmentally and economically sustainable.

The proposed redevelopment has three main components: (1) The restoration and renovation of the remaining winery buildings to provide a museum and information space; (2) The construction of a café-style restaurant and multi-purpose space adjacent to the winery buildings with the potential to host exhibitions, an environment education centre and a lecture theatre; and (3) Associated landscape works.

The proposed redevelopment is required to go through a Development Application process, which involves preparing documentation outlining the proposed development and environmental significance, landscape and history of the place. This Environmental Management Plan forms part of the supporting documentation for the Development Application.

Existing Biophysical Environment The Luisini Winery site occurs within the Karrakatta unit of the Spearwood Dune system, which consists of a core of limestone (the Tamala Limestone) overlain by deep yellow sands.

The Luisini Winery site lies on the western flank of the southern part of the Gnangara Mound aquifer, which is a geological formation able to receive, store and transmit significant quantities of water. Recharge of the aquifer during the wet winter leads to mounds of groundwater within the near surface sediment, resulting in a groundwater table close to the surface at the project site. The area surrounding Lake Goollelal, including the Luisini Winery site, also lies within the boundaries of the Perth Coastal UWPCA (Underground Water Pollution Control Area), which has been declared to protect drinking water supplies.

A natural depression in the karst landscape has resulted in the formation of Lake Goollelal, which is close to the Lusini Winery site (50 m away). Lake Goollelal is the southernmost lake in the chain of consanguineous wetlands known as the Yanchep Suite and is protected as a Conservation Category wetland and an EPP lake under the Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Lakes) Policy 1992. Lake Goollelal is also recognised as being regionally significant, as one of the lakes identified in the Perth to Bunbury Study and as a System 6 wetland.

The native vegetation on the Luisini Winery site was cleared for the development of the original vineyards, buildings and orchards. Native vegetation in low-lying areas near the shores of Lake Goollelal would have been part of the Herdsman vegetation complex, which consists predominantly of sedgelands and woodland of Flooded Gum and Melaleuca species. More elevated areas would have been part of the Karrakatta Complex – Central and South, which is dominated by an open forest of Tuart, Jarrah and Marri. Currently, emergent aquatic vegetation around the north-east fringes of Lake Goollelal consists of Baumea articulata (Jointed Rush) mixed with the exotic Typha orientalis (Bulrush) in varying proportions. The vegetation of the Luisini Winery site itself is an open Eucalyptus and Banksia woodland, with Tuart, Jarrah and Marri present.

The provision of fauna habitat in and around the Luisini Winery site will be similar to that for other wetlands included in the Yellagonga Regional Park. Significant mammal species that have been recorded within the Park include the Quenda, Echidna, Western Brush Wallaby and Rakali. 122 bird species have been recorded within Yellagonga Regional Park, 18 of which breed in the area, and a number of migratory birds listed under JAMBA and CAMBA1 have been sighted in the Park. Bird species recorded in Yellagonga Regional Park which are considered to be threatened species include Carnaby’s Cockatoo, Australasian Bittern and Peregrine Falcon. Six frog, two snake and five lizard species have been recorded from Yellagonga Regional Park, with two native fish species are also known to be present.

Yellagonga Regional Park has significant conservation value and is of regional importance for its natural, cultural and recreational resources in a rapidly growing suburban area. The value of the Park, including Lake Goollelal and the Luisini Winery site, is also recognised through its designation as a Bush Forever site (Site 299).

Cultural Heritage While the Luisini Winery site does not include any registered Aboriginal sites, Lake Goollelal is a registered site, with skeletal material and/or a burial ground. A connection between Aboriginal people and the area of Luisini’s Winery also occurs through the Wesley Mission Farm, which was established nearby in 1844. Luisini Winery has a significant place in the history and development of Wanneroo, providing a visible connection with the Italian market gardens and wineries of the early 20th century. The site has strong associations for the Italian community and acts as a monument to Ezio Luisini, who established the winery and was a patron of many Italian migrants.

Planning and Management Framework There are a number of State and local government laws, planning provisions and policies relevant to the proposed development. These include: • Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan; • Bush Forever 2000; • Wetlands Conservation Policy for Western Australia 1997; • Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Lakes) Policy 1992 and Draft Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Wetlands) Policy 1999; • Advisory Notes for Land Managers on River and Wetland Restoration: Wetland Buffers;

1 Japan Australia Migratory Bird Agreement and China Australia Migratory Bird Agreement

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• Water Quality Protection Policy No. X: Policy and Guidelines for Recreation and General Access on Crown Land within Public Drinking Water Source Areas and Other Water Source Catchments 2001; • Draft Statement of Planning Policy: Public Drinking Water Source Policy 2001; • Land Use Compatibility in Public Drinking Water Source Areas 2002; • Review of the Environmental Protection (Gnangara Mound) Policy 1992; • Gnangara Land Use and Water Management Strategy 2001; • Metropolitan Region Scheme; • Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972; • Guidance Statement for Management of Mosquitoes by Land Developers 2000; • Liquid Waste Regulations and Controlled Waste Regulations; • Discharge of Industrial Waste to Sewer; and • City of Joondalup Town Planning Scheme and Structure Plan.

Environmental Management Strategies A table summarising the environmental management recommendations for the Luisini Winery project is provided in Section 7.0 of this report.

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1.0 Introduction Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

The historic remnants of the Luisini Winery are situated in the suburb of Kingsley, about 20 kilometres north of the Perth city centre. The owners of the land on which this culturally significant site rests, the Western Australian Planning Commission (WAPC), have entrusted the National Trust of Australia (WA) to conserve and interpret this important natural and cultural heritage place. The remaining buildings of the Luisini Winery overlook Lake Goollelal, and the land is within the confines of the Yellagonga Regional Park.

A management plan has been prepared by the Department of Conservation and Land Management (DCLM) to guide the management of the Regional Park, and the Luisini Winery redevelopment has been recognised in the management plan (DCLM et al., 2003). One of the recommendations of the draft Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan is that an integrated environmental programme be prepared for the site to “compliment the conservation and interpretation of the Luisini Winery and provide protection for Lake Goollelal and its environment as well as enhancing its flora and fauna.”

This document represents the Environmental Management Plan for the Luisini Winery redevelopment, and also forms part of the Development Application for the site, to be submitted to the City of Joondalup and the WAPC. A location plan of the site is shown in Figure 1.

1.1 Brief Description of the Proposal The aims and objectives of the Luisini Winery redevelopment are to develop an integrated and multifaceted cultural, heritage, educational and recreational facility that is environmentally and economically sustainable. The Luisini Winery redevelopment aims to develop a sustained visitation by offering a range of visitor experiences based on the interpretation of the history and significance of the place and its natural environment, and to also provide supporting amenities.

The Luisini Winery redevelopment has three main components: (1) the restoration and renovation of the remaining winery buildings; (2) the construction of a restaurant and multi- purpose space adjacent to the winery buildings; and (3) associated landscape works. The winery buildings will be restored, so as to include a museum on the history of the Luisini Winery, information on the contribution of the Italian migrant community to Western Australia, installations on the wine-making process used when the winery was functional and a wine-education centre for wine-tasting groups or classes. At this stage, wine will not be produced on the premises, and the equipment will be restored for demonstration purposes only. In future, a limited amount of winemaking for educational purposes may be considered. As a general policy the restoration work has been limited to essential work (such as roof repair) and building code safety issues with minimal intervention or alteration to the existing fabric.

New buildings on the site will house a 150 seat café-restaurant and a kiosk, and an environment centre to accommodate up to 50 people with the possibility of hosting temporary exhibitions, an environmental education centre and a lecture theatre. Toilets and miscellaneous storage for the entire facility will also be constructed, together with an administrative office.

The restaurant is conceived as a themed dining experience focused on Italian food and wine, while the environment centre is envisaged as a multi-purpose space for community and local environment groups containing displays and information on the local flora and fauna and wetland system. The new building has been designed to maximise opportunities for environmental sustainability, while remaining sensitive to and consistent with the style of the existing buildings. This will involve using similar materials and form to the existing building, limiting the new building’s height and using colours which reflect the colours used for the existing building.

A carpark and access roads will need to be constructed to provide for vehicle and bus access to the site. The carpark will be designed to hold up to 50 cars. Other proposed developments include walkways and possibly a boardwalk near Lake Goollelal. Walkways would link to DCLM’s proposed dual-use path (DUP) system for Lake Goollelal. Rehabilitation and replanting of native vegetation is also planned for the site, with some thematic plantings, such as olive trees and vines, to be incorporated within the site. Theme plantings of mature olive trees are proposed to line a section of Lakeway Drive, and demonstration fruit-production vineyards of approximately 80 m2 in area are proposed between the restaurant, carpark and Lakeway Drive. At a future stage, it is planned that this vineyard could be used for educational purposes for TAFE viticulture students.

A concept plan of the proposed developments, current at January 2003, is shown in Figure 2.

1.2 Study Area 1.2.1 Location and Description The Luisini Winery is located on Lakeway Drive, Kingsley, south of Hocking Road and west of Wanneroo Road. The majority of the development is located on Lots 41 to 45 Lakeway Drive, which are owned by the Western Australian Planning Commission and leased by the National Trust. Part of the development will also occur on the neighbouring Lot 82 Lakeway Drive, which is also owned by the WAPC.

Several of the original winery buildings remain on the site. These buildings will be restored and refurbished as part of the development. These buildings comprise the main cellar for the winery, the boiler room, the still room, bond store and bottling and packing area. A variety of materials, including bricks, timber, cement and corrugated iron, have been used to construct the buildings, which were built over several decades. Pictures of the current state of the buildings are shown in Plates 1 to 5.

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Plate 1: Luisini Winery buildings viewed from the north

Plate 2: View from the south of Luisini Winery buildings from Lakeway Drive, showing perimeter fence

Plate 3: View of the Luisini Winery buildings from the west.

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Plate 4: North aspect of remaining winery buildings, with Lake Goollelal visible in the background

Luisini Winery Plover Way Lakeway Drive Lake Goollelal Buildings

Plate 5: 180o view from Lakeway Drive showing nearby homes, Lake Goollelal and Luisini Winery buildings.

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1.2.2 Tenure and Management The land surrounding much of Lake Goollelal, including the Luisini Winery site, is vested with the WAPC. This section of the Yellagonga Regional Park has been proposed as a Recreation zone, under the management of the National Trust (DCLM et al., 2003). Lake Goollelal itself is managed by DCLM. The National Trust and WAPC came to a three-year lease arrangement in 2000 to conserve and interpret the State heritage-listed Luisini Winery. The lease covers Lots 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45 Lakeway Drive, Kingsley. When the lease expires, the National Trust will accept vesting of the winery site. The National Trust will also accept the vesting of the north eastern portion of Lot 82, Lakeway Drive, Kingsley, as part of the land tenure changes resulting from the Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan (DCLM et al., 2003). The area over which the National Trust will have vesting comprises “Area 24” on Figure 4 – Management Zones and Areas in DCLM et al., 2003. This “Area 24” will be created as a separate reserve to be managed by the National Trust.

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2.0 Project History Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

The National Trust has adopted an overall model for the long-term management of its places. The model comprises three overlapping, yet complementary components – the conservation plan, the interpretation plan and the business plan. The ‘Conservation Plan’ was prepared by Palassis Architects in 1996 (Palassis Architects, 1996); the ‘Business Plan’ referred to as the ‘Redevelopment Study and Recommendations Document’ was prepared by Asset Research in 2001 (Asset Research, 2001) and the ‘Interpretation Plan’ was completed by Mulloway Studio and Paul Kloeden in March 2002 (Mulloway and Paul Kloeden, 2002).

The architectural and landscape design and documentation for the site will take into account the three plans which have already been prepared and reflect particularly the thematic and interpretive policies and strategies from the ‘Interpretation Plan’ which will guide the development of the place. This includes the environmental significance, landscape and history of the place, as well as the important link to the proposed Draft Management Plan for the Yellagonga Regional Park. These plans are currently in development, and will be submitted as part of the documentation required for the Development Application.

2.1 Community Consultation Community consultation has been an integral component of the development of the Luisini Winery project. Community concerns have been taken into account throughout the design process.

Community consultation for the project commenced in April 2000, when local residents were invited to walk around the buildings on the site and were given information on the site from the Conservation Plan (Palassis Architects, 1996). Visitors to the site were invited to contact the National Trust with any thoughts on the future of the winery site.

A circular was sent to local householders on August 14th, 2000, informing them that some cleaning up of the winery buildings was underway, and that there would soon be extensive community consultation and opportunities for locals to air their views on the project. This circular is contained in Appendix One. A series of public meetings were then held between community members and Mr Tom Perrigo, CEO of the National Trust, on September 27th, October 5th and October 14th, 2000. These meetings were held to “learn of options for the conservation and interpretation of the old winery, to make proposals to assist with this project, and to discuss any concerns”, as shown in the flyer reproduced in Appendix One. These public meetings were advertised through the local newspapers, and there was also an individual letter box drop to all residents in the area. Community members were also invited to represent the Joondalup and Wanneroo community on the Luisini Steering Committee.

The next phase of community consultation occurred during the development and release of the Business Plan, entitled the Redevelopment Study and Recommendations (Asset Research, 2001). Two community members were involved with the Business Plan subcommittee. The report was circulated in 2001 and comments were received. The Yellagonga Catchment Group (Inc) and the Friends of Yellagonga provided comments on the report.

2.1.1 Issues Raised During Consultation Some of the concerns raised by the Yellagonga Catchment Group (Inc) and the Friends of Yellagonga are summarised below. The Yellagonga Catchment Group asked that an Environmental Impact Statement be prepared for the site, and raised concerns over stormwater drainage outfalls, the potential for pollutants to enter the lake system, sewage management, the potential for further clearing of bushland if local residents’ preferred access proposals was adopted2, the use of local native plant species and the potential for the conservation experience to be incorporated within the tourism experience.

The Friends of Yellagonga were concerned with a number of environmental issues related to the development, including the wetland buffer zone, the sandy nature of the soils and the potential problems for building foundations and drainage, remnant vegetation, stormwater drainage, sewage, nutrient enrichment of Lake Goollelal, traffic and access, midges and mosquitoes.

The National Trust received a number of responses to questionnaires sent out about the proposal. The results of these questionnaires indicated that most respondents wanted a restaurant, museum and function centre, and many favour wine sales and winemaking. Preservation of the still and boiler were seen as an important part of the development. Residents wanted traffic to and from the site kept off Lakeway Drive and restricted to Hocking Road, with boom gates that could be locked at night. The residents stressed the need to liaise with the Department of Conservation and Land Management and the Friends of Yellagonga in relation to environmental concerns. Other suggestions from the residents related to the design of the buildings and the need for community and school involvement.

2 Note that the residents’ preferred access route from Hocking Drive, which would have involved clearing of bushland for the carpark, will not be constructed.

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3.0 Biophysical Environment Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

3.1 Geomorphology and Soils The Luisini Winery site occurs within the Spearwood Dune system, one of the three relict dune systems on the Swan Coastal Plain. The Spearwood Dune system is intermediate in age between the Bassendean Dunes to the east and the Quindalup Dunes to the west. The Spearwood Dunes consist of a core of limestone (the Tamala Limestone) overlain by yellow sand. The Spearwood Dunes have been subject to differential wind erosion, which has produced two distinct landscapes. On the western side, the Cottesloe unit consists of shallow yellow-brown sands and exposed limestone, while the Karrakatta unit to the east has deep yellow-brown sands (Churchward and McArthur, 1980). The study area lies within the Karrakatta unit of the Spearwood Dunes. A natural depression in the karst landscape has resulted in the formation of Lake Goollelal, and other wetlands to the north (Semeniuk, 1996).

3.2 Groundwater The Luisini Winery site lies on the western flank of the southern part of the Gnangara Mound. The Gnangara Mound is the larger of two significant shallow, unconfined aquifers on the Swan Coastal Plain, the other being the Jandakot Mound, south of the Swan River. An aquifer is a geological formation or group of formations able to receive, store and transmit significant quantities of water. The aquifer is recharged during the wet winter months by infiltration of rainfall. This recharge leads to a build up of water, forming mounds of groundwater within the near surface sediment, which drains towards the boundaries of the aquifer under the influence of gravity.

As evidenced by the close proximity of Lake Goollelal, the groundwater table is close to the surface at the project site. The estimated maximum groundwater level varies between 29 and 28 metres AHD (Australian Height Datum) across the site, moving from Lakeway Drive towards Lake Goollelal (WRC, 1997). The maximum height of the groundwater table is only a few metres below ground level, which slopes down from 32 to 28 metres AHD across the site from Lakeway Drive towards the lake. The direction of groundwater flow in this area is to the west south-west, towards the ocean.

The area surrounding Lake Goollelal, including the Luisini Winery site, lies within the boundaries of the Perth Coastal UWPCA (Underground Water Pollution Control Area). The Perth Coastal UWPCA has been declared to protect drinking water supplies, similarly to other UWPCAs on the Gnangara and Jandakot Mounds. UWPCAs are divided into three Priority source protection categories (Priority 1, 2 and 3), with Priority 1 areas having the strictest management guidelines. All of the Perth Coastal UWPCA is defined as a Priority 3 source protection area. Priority 3 areas are defined to manage the risk of pollution to the water source (WRC, 2002). Priority 3 areas are declared over land where water supply sources need to coexist with other uses such as residential, commercial and light industrial developments, although there is some restriction on potentially highly polluting land uses. © Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd 4145-0997-02R Final Rev 1 Page 15 Luisini Winery Project EMP

Protection of Priority 3 areas is achieved through management guidelines for land use activities (WRC, 2002a).

Well head protection zones are declared around public drinking water supply wells within Priority source protection areas. There are no well head protection zones within or near the Luisini Winery site.

3.3 Wetlands The Luisini Winery site is close to the shores of Lake Goollelal. Lake Goollelal is the southernmost lake in the chain of consanguineous wetlands known as the Yanchep Suite (Semeniuk, 1996). This suite of wetlands stretches north to Yanchep and includes Lake Joondalup, Beenyup Swamp, Neerabup Lake, Carabooda Lake and Loch McNess (Hill et al., 1996). The Yanchep Suite of wetlands occur in depressions between limestone ridges in the Spearwood dunes, and are fed by discharge from limestone and groundwater table rise. The basins in which the lakes occur are young karst features (Semeniuk, 1996). The stratigraphy of the wetlands consists of a thin layer of peat overlying grey to yellow sand. Lake Goollelal is relatively deep (maximum depth 1.82 metres) compared to other lakes on the Swan Coastal Plain (WAWA, 1995). Data on water level fluctuation within Lake Goollelal is given in Appendix Two. The maximum water level in winter has fluctuated between 27 and 27.75 metres AHD over the last 20 years, with maximum water levels generally at around 27.5 metres AHD. The absolute summer minimum water level is given as 26 metres AHD, but minimum water levels generally range between 26.5 and 27 metres AHD. A map of the wetland boundary in relation to the project area is shown in Figure 3.

Lake Goollelal is a Conservation Category lake, and is also an EPP Lake, which means it is protected under the Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Lakes) Policy 1992. The Lakes EPP, as it is known, prohibits unauthorised filling, excavation, mining, alterations of water levels, effluent discharge or disposal, and drainage into or out of protected wetlands. Lake Goollelal will soon be protected under the Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Wetlands) Policy, which revoke the existing Lakes EPP and provides a higher level of protection for a greater number of wetlands on the Swan Coastal Plain, including all wetlands protected under the Lakes EPP and all Conservation Category lakes (as defined in Hill et al., 1996). Lake Goollelal is recognised as regionally significant, as one of the lakes identified in the Perth to Bunbury Study (WAWRC, 1991) and as a System 6 wetland (Hill et al., 1996).

3.3.1 Water Quality In terms of nutrient levels (total phosphorous and total nitrogen), the Yellagonga wetlands have previously been assessed as eutrophic (or nutrient enriched) (Kinnear et al., 1997, in DCLM et al., 2003). Adverse environmental impacts of eutrophic wetlands include algal blooms, algal toxicity, odour, plagues of non-biting midges and fouling of the shoreline (DCLM et al., 2003). The nutrient levels of the Yellagonga wetlands, including Lake Goollelal, are further increased through stormwater run-off, septic tank leaching and agricultural fertilisers (DCLM et al., 2003).

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Biophysical Environment

3.4 Vegetation and Flora The native vegetation on the Luisini Winery site was cleared for the development of the original vineyards, buildings and orchards. Native vegetation in low-lying areas near the shores of the lake would have been part of the Herdsman vegetation complex, and that of more elevated areas would have been part of the Karrakatta Complex – Central and South, as described by Heddle et al. (1980). These vegetation complexes correspond to major landforms and soil types defined by Churchward and McArthur (1980), and are recognised in Bush Forever (Government of Western Australia, 2000).

The vegetation of the Herdsman complex consists predominantly of sedgelands and woodland of Flooded Gum (Eucalyptus rudis) and Melaleuca species, with the species of Melaleuca present dependent on the local drainage and adjacent soils. Common sedges and rushes include species from the genera Baumea, Juncus, Leptocarpus, Isolepis, Lepidosperma, Schoenoplectus and Bolboschoenus. This complex is associated with the chain of wetlands on the Swan Coastal Plain. The predominant vegetation type within the Karrakatta – Central and South complex is open forest of Tuart, Jarrah and Marri. Common overstorey species include Banksia attenuata, B. menziesii, B. grandis, Allocasuarina fraseriana and Peppermint (Agonis flexuosa). Common shrub species include Jacksonia sternbergiana, J. furcellata, Acacia cyclops, A. saligna, Hibbertia hypericoides, Conospermum stoechadis, Hovea trisperma and Bossiaea eriocarpa (Heddle et al., 1980). Species that have been suggested for use by DCLM in revegetation works on the site are Acacia saligna, Banksia litoralis, B. prionotes, B. attenuata, Corymbia calophylla, Eucalyptus marginata, E. rudis, Hakea prostrata, Jacksonia sternbergiana, Melaleuca rhaphiophylla, Rhagodia baccata and Viminaria juncea. All revegetation work should be cognisant with the Yellagonga Regional Park Weed Control and Revegetation Plan (Regeneration Technology, 2002).

Emergent aquatic vegetation around the north-east fringes of Lake Goollelal consists of Baumea articulata (Jointed Rush) mixed with the exotic Typha orientalis (Bulrush) in varying proportions. Schoenoplectus validus is common around the southern edges of Lake Goollelal (DCLM et al., 2003). The vegetation of the study area itself has been mapped partly as parkland, and partly as Jarrah-Marri-Banksia Open Woodland (DCLM et al., 2003). Inspection of the site revealed several large Flooded Gums (Eucalyptus rudis) near the lake, and within the cleared areas around the winery. A remnant vegetation map is provided in Figure 4. The area of open Eucalyptus and Banksia woodland mapped on Figure 4 included Tuart, Jarrah and Marri over Banksia littoralis and Banksia ilicifolia, with understorey species including Jacksonia furcellata and Acacia saligna. Melaleuca rhaphiophylla woodland was also present around the lake edge, to the north-east of the winery buildings.

3.5 Fauna and Fauna Habitat Most of the available information on the fauna and fauna habitat relates to Yellagonga Regional Park in general, with some specific information on Lake Goollelal derived from Ecologia (1998). It can be considered that the available habitat would be similar across all of the wetlands within the Park, and similar species would occur throughout the wetlands within the Park.

3.5.1 Mammals Several significant mammal species have been recorded within Yellagonga Regional Park, including the Quenda or Southern Brown Bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus fusciventer), Echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus), Kwoora or Western Brush Wallaby (Macropus irma) and Rakali or Water Rat (Hydromys chrysogaster) (Friend, 1996 in DCLM et al., 2003). Other native mammal species known to occur within the park include the Western Grey Kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus) and the Brush-tailed Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula).

Western Grey Kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) and a Water Rat have been sighted in the vicinity of Lake Goollelal (Bamford and Bamford, 1990).

3.5.2 Birds The wetland and woodland areas surrounding Lake Goollelal provide habitat for a number of bird species, with the wetlands acting as important summer refuges for many species. 122 bird species have been recorded within Yellagonga Regional Park and 18 of these species are known to breed in the area (DCLM et al., 2003). The diverse bird population of the Park includes a number of species of trans-equatorial wading birds. A number of migratory birds listed under JAMBA and CAMBA3 have been sighted in the Park (DCLM et al., 2003). Significant populations of Blue-billed Duck, Musk Duck, Hardhead, Splendid and Variegated Fairy-wrens, Broad-tailed, Western and Yellow-rumped Thornbills, Weebill, Scarlet Robin, Golden Whistler and Grey Shrike-thrush have been recorded in the Park (RAOU Survey, 1996). Fairy Wrens were also sighted opportunistically during a vegetation survey of Lake Goollelal and young birds of Great Crested Grebe, Black Swan, Pacific Black Duck, Must Duck and Blue-billed Duck have previously been observed at Lake Goollelal indicating it is probably used for breeding by these species (Ecologia, 1998).

DCLM et al. (2003) note that three bird species recorded in Yellagonga Regional Park are listed as threatened species under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950 – Wildlife Conservation (Specially Protected Fauna) Notice, 1998. Carnaby’s Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris) and the Australasian Bittern (Botaurus poicioptilus) are considered rare or likely to become extinct, and the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) is listed as otherwise in need of special protection.

3.5.3 Reptiles and Amphibians. Six frog species have been recorded from Yellagonga Regional Park including the Sandplain Froglet (Crinia insignifera), Glauert’s Froglet (Crinia glauertii), Moaning Frog (Heleioporus eyrie), Western Banjo Frog (Limnodynastes dorsalis), Slender Tree Frog (Litoria adelaidensis) and the Western Bell Frog (Litoria moorei). The Western Tiger Snake (Notechis scutatus occidentalis) and Carpet Python (Morelia spilota imbricata) have also been sighted within the Park (Bamford and Bamford, 1990). Five lizard species have been recorded: Cryptoblepharus plagiocephalus; Ctenotus leseurii; Ctenotus fallens; Hemiegris peroni; and Lerista praepedita; but there are likely to be more present as a further fourteen potentially occur in the Park. The Long-necked Tortoise (Chelodina oblongata) has also been recorded within the Park (Bamford and Bamford, 1990).

3 Japan Australia Migratory Bird Agreement and China Australia Migratory Bird Agreement

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Biophysical Environment

3.5.4 Fish Four species of fish have been recorded in the wetlands within Yellagonga Regional Park, including the native Goby (Pseudogobius olorum) and Pygmy Perch (Edelia vittata) and two introduced species, the Mosquito Fish (Gambusia holbrooki) and the European Carp (Cyprinus carpio) (Government of Western Australia, 2000; DCLM et al., 2003).

3.6 Conservation Value Lake Goollelal and its surrounding remnant bushland have significant conservation value, recognised through its inclusion in Yellagonga Regional Park. Yellagonga Regional Park comprises 1,400 ha of land, primarily focussed on a wetland system which includes Lake Joondalup, Beenyup and Walluburnup Swamp, Lake Goollelal and the surrounding lands reserved in the Metropolitan Region Scheme (MRS) for Parks and Recreation. The park is of regional importance for its “natural, cultural and recreational resources in a rapidly growing suburban area.” (DCLM et al., 2003).

Lake Goollelal, including the Luisini Winery site, is part of Bush Forever Site 299 (Yellagonga Regional Park), which makes up part of three Greenways (Alan Tingay and Associates, 1998), and is part of a regionally significant contiguous bushland and wetland linkage (Government of Western Australia, 2000). The area also has significant regional wetland conservation values, as described in Section 3.3. Lake Goollelal also forms habitat for a number of threatened and significant vertebrate species, including species protected under the JAMBA and CAMBA agreements.

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4.0 Cultural Heritage Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

4.1 Aboriginal Heritage The Aboriginal history of the Yellagonga Regional Park has been considered in detail by Brittain (1990). The following information has been derived from DCLM et al. (2003) and Palassis Architects (1996), who in turn summarised the information contained in Brittain (1990).

Evidence of Aboriginal occupation of the Swan Coastal Plain dates back for at least 38 500 years. The Nyungar people that lived in the region focussed many of their economic activities on the rivers, swamps and wetlands of the coastal plain, with these areas providing a number of animal and plant foods. Movement through the area and to the different campsites was based upon the weather and the seasonal availability of resources in different locations (Palassis Architects, 1996).

Prior to European occupation, the Perth region supported three tribal districts (Seddon, 1972). The Mooro district, of which Lake Goollelal was a part, encompassed land north of the Swan River between the coast in the west, Ellen Brook in the east, the Swan River in the south and Gingin Brook or lower Moore River in the north (DCLM et al., 2003). At the time of European settlement, Yellagonga was the leader of the Mooro people (DCLM et al., 2003). The main camp for the Mooro people was at Mt Eliza. The arrival of European settlers displaced the Mooro people from Mt Eliza, and they retreated initially to Lake Monger and later to Lake Joondalup. It is unlikely that the area surrounding the Yellagonga wetlands would have remained a campsite for the Mooro people for long, due to conflicts with settlers, land subdivision near Lake Joondalup from 1838, the establishment of the Wesleyan Mission Farm in 1844 and droving from 1850 (Brittain, 1990). Brittain (1990) presents historical evidence that Aboriginal people continued to camp in the immediate area of the lakes until the 1850s and 1860s.

A search of the Luisini Winery site for registered Aboriginal sites by the National Trust in 2001 found no sites within the area (Appendix Three). Lake Goollelal itself is registered as an Aboriginal site (site number S02186). The site is described on the register as a reliable site of skeletal material or a burial ground. Another specific connection between Aboriginal people and the area of Luisini’s Winery was the establishment of the Wesley Mission Farm nearby in 1844. The aim of the farm was to encourage Aboriginal people to learn agricultural skills, but by 1852 the mission farm had failed, although it remained occupied. Aboriginal people who died while on the mission were buried on high ground to the west side of Lake Goollelal, although the exact location is no longer known (DCLM et al., 2003).

4.2 Non-Aboriginal Heritage and Past Land Use The town of ‘Waneru’ was gazetted in 1906, following the acquisition and subdivision of land surrounding Lake Joondalup by the State government. The Wanneroo area became important for market gardening and vineyards, particularly around the wetland system where the most fertile soils and an abundant water supply were available (DCLM et al., 2003). Luisini Winery was built in 1929 and provides an example of the early wine industry, reflecting one of the predominant activities in the area prior to urban expansion (DCLM et al., 2003).

Wine was produced at the winery from 1929 to the mid-1980s. Ezio Luisini purchased the land in 1924, and over the next four years, cleared bushland near the north-east shore of Lake Goollelal and established a sizeable vineyard. Orchards of fruit trees, olive trees and possibly vegetable gardens were also established. The winery was closed in 1986, and all buildings associated with the winery were demolished in 1989 with the exception of the main cellar and winery building, parts of which date to 1929. Buildings that have been demolished included the crushing plant, another cellar building, a house, a storage building. The winery included a distillery for producing fortified wines, a boiler room, and facilities for bottling and packing. A detailed account of the winery’s heritage values and operations is provided in Palassis Architects (1996).

Luisini Winery has a significant place in the history and development of Wanneroo, providing a visible connection with the Italian market gardens and wineries of the early 20th century. (Palassis Architects, 1996). The site has strong associations for the Italian community as one of the first places of employment for many new arrivals to Western Australia. The site is also a monument to Ezio Luisini, a patron of many Italian migrants (Palassis Architects, 1996).

4.2.1 Building Restoration Luisini Winery is listed on the Western Australian Heritage Register and will be conserved and adapted for re-use as an interpretive facility. Conservation works will be undertaken in line with the Burra Charter and guided by the conservation plan for the place (Palassis Architects, 1996). As a general policy the conservation work has been limited to essential work (such as roof repair) and building code safety issues with minimal intervention or alteration to the existing fabric.

Key aspects of this part of the project include: • Re-roofing in galvanised sheet to match the existing; • Stormwater discharge control; • Upgrading access and egress facilities including installation of new ramps and steps; and • Upgraded security, lighting, and fire services.

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The major impacts of adaptation for the new uses include: - • Removal of tanks in the first cellar and installation of new floating timber floor, ramps, and fixed joinery for wine education facility; • Installation of airconditioning (heating and cooling) system in first cellar; • Upgraded lighting, electrical and hydraulic services; • Insertion of new ramps and viewing platforms; • Adaptation of concrete tanks to display spaces; and • Internal and external feature lighting.

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5.0 Planning and Management Framework Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

5.1 State The following section provides detail on relevant State and local government laws or planning provisions that pertain to the development of the Luisini Winery project.

5.1.1 Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan Regional Parks are areas of Regional Open Space which are identified by planning procedures as having outstanding conservation, landscape and recreational values (DCLM et al., 2003). Yellagonga Regional Park is one of eight regional parks recognised as formal entities, with management of included lands progressively being transferred to DCLM. In terms of management, DCLM is responsible for managing the areas of regional parks that are vested in the Conservation Commission, and co-ordinating the management of regional parks (DCLM et al., 2003).

A Management Plan for Yellagonga Regional Park has been prepared (DCLM et al. 2003). The plan set goals for each of the major areas addressed by the plan, including the areas of conservation, recreation, commercial use, research and monitoring, community relations and integration of management. The overall strategy for the Park was to “…establish conservation as the primary goal of the Park and allow recreation and other uses of the Park to occur to the extent that the primary goal is not impaired”. In terms of recreation, the aim of the plan was to “…provide for and manage recreation, tourism and leisure in a manner that minimises conflict between visitors and is consistent with other management objectives and Park values”. The goal for commercial use of the Park was to “…allow for appropriate commercial uses within the Park and manage them in a manner that minimises impact on other values and contributes to regional park management costs.” The objective in relation to community relations was to “…promote informed appreciation of the Park’s natural environment, cultural values and recreation opportunities and facilitate liaison with the community about its management” (DCLM et al., 2003).

A management zoning system was developed for the park, dividing the area into four management zones of Conservation and Protection, Natural Environment Uses, Recreation and Sport and Recreation. Generally DCLM will manage the Conservation areas, and the local governments of Joondalup and Wanneroo will manage the Recreation areas. The area including the Luisini Winery site was identified as a Recreation zone and was referred to as “Area 24”. The management emphasis for Recreation zones is given below, followed by a description of acceptable uses and facilities (DCLM et al., 2003).

Management Emphasis for Recreational Zones “The prime emphasis of management will be to provide a variety of recreation opportunities. The type and intensity of facility provision will depend on the values of any given area, community demand for recreation and the appropriate management of the Park. Management involves minimising the impact of visitor activities through the sensitive

placement and provision of access and facilities. Weed control and rehabilitation may be necessary. Visible evidence of management may be high.” (DCLM et al. 2003)

Acceptable Uses and Facilities “Public use may be high in these areas. Predominantly passive recreation pursuits, allowing for park and picnic facility development. Commercial concessions may be considered appropriate within this management zone. Rehabilitation, landscaping and reticulation of areas may be necessary.” (DCLM et al. 2003)

A number of specific environmental management recommendations on particular issues within the Park were also made.

5.1.2 Bush Forever 2000 Bush Forever is a 10 year strategic plan to identify, protect and manage around 51,000 hectares of regionally significant bushland, identified as Bush Forever sites, within the Perth Metropolitan Region. Bush Forever aims to conserve, where possible, at least 10% of each of the original 26 vegetation complexes of the Perth Metropolitan Region portion of the Swan Coastal Plain, (Government of Western Australia, 2000). Bush Forever sites were selected using the following criteria: • representation of ecological communities; • diversity; • rarity; • maintenance of ecological systems or natural processes; • scientific or evolutionary performance; • protection of wetland, streamline, estuarine fringing vegetation and/or coastal vegetation; and • other values, e.g. historical or landscape – these did not determine regional significance alone, but contributed towards recognising the significance of particular areas of bushland.

As described in Section 3.6, the study area falls within Bush Forever site 299, Yellagonga Regional Park. This Bush Forever site includes 380.9 ha of bushland, and 779.7 ha of Conservation Category wetlands (Government of Western Australia, 2000).

5.1.3 Wetlands Conservation Policy for Western Australia 1997 This policy aims to identify, maintain and manage the State’s wetland resource for the long term benefit of the people of Western Australia (Government of Western Australia, 1997). The policy is important in that it contributes to the implementation of the State Conservation Strategy for Western Australia. The policy is broad in its scope and does not contain recommendations specific to particular areas or tourism or recreation developments, aside from considerations of buffers, environmental values and environmental management that must be considered for all developments. The two principal objectives of the policy that are most relevant to the current proposal are: • To prevent the further loss or degradation of valuable wetlands and wetlands types and promote wetland conservation, creation and restoration; and

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• To greatly increase community awareness and appreciation of the many values of wetlands, and the importance of sound management of the wetlands and their catchments in the maintenance of these values.

5.1.4 Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Lakes) Policy 1992 and Draft Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Wetlands) Policy 1999 Lake Goollelal is an Environmental Protection Policy (EPP) Lake. The Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Lakes) Policy 1992 (the Lakes EPP) provides statutory protection for the Swan Coastal Plain Lakes from filling, draining, mining and effluent discharge (EPA, 1992). The lakes identified for protection under the Lakes EPP were those that had 1000 m2 or more of standing water in the first week of December 1991. As such many of the sumplands and damplands on the Swan Coastal Plain are not protected under the Lakes EPP.

In 1999 the EPA reviewed the Lakes EPP and prepared a new draft Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Wetlands) Policy (EPA, 1999). The new policy proposes protection of the environmental values and functions of wetlands on the Swan Coastal Plain and aims to be consistent with the 1997 Wetlands Conservation Policy (see above). Wetlands identified for protection under the draft Wetlands EPP are Conservation Category wetlands on the Register of Protected Wetlands or those coloured green on the Department of Land Administration Plan Miscellaneous Plan No. 1815 (which are those lakes already protected under the Lakes EPP). The Wetlands EPP may be finalised in the coming months [Ruth Clarke, Department of Environmental Protection (Now Department of Environment), pers. comm., 2002].

Lake Goollelal is also a Conservation Category wetland. Conservation Category wetlands are defined as those which support high levels of attributes and functions (Hill et al., 1996). The management priority for Conservation Category wetlands is “to preserve wetland attributes and functions through reservation in national parks, crown reserves, state owned lands and protection under environmental protection policies.”

5.1.5 Heritage of Western Australia Act, 1990 The Heritage Act of Western Australia, 1990 requires development of buildings listed in the Register of Heritage Places to be undertaken after advice from the Western Australian Heritage Council has been sought. The National Trust as a statutory authority is exempt from this requirement when undertaking conservation works. The National Trust will however liaise with the Heritage Council throughout the development process.

5.1.6 Water and Rivers Commission Position Statement: Wetlands The Water and Rivers Commission has prepared a Position Statement on the wetlands of the Swan Coastal Plain, providing the Commission’s views on related issues (WRC, 2001a). One of the issues covered by the Position Statement is the buffer width separating developments and wetlands. Buffers are designed to protect wetlands from deleterious impacts while helping safeguard and maintain ecological processes and functions within the wetland, and where possible, within the buffer. Buffers are also designed to protect the community from potential impacts such as mosquito and midge problems. The required

buffer distance for wetlands depends on the land use, with 50 metres being the minimum buffer distance that is generally applied (WRC, 2001a). There is no statutory requirement for buffer widths due to their inherent variability. Buffer width recommendations may be varied at the discretion of the WRC as new data becomes available.

Recommended buffer widths have been derived from the recommendations of Davies and Lane (1995). For some of the land uses proposed for the Luisini Winery site, the following buffers have been recommended:

Purpose of Buffer Recommended Buffer Width Protection from nutrient inputs (e.g. vineyard) 200 m on transmissive soils (e.g. sand) Protection from pesticide drift (e.g. vineyard) 200 m Maintenance of natural water levels (e.g. vineyard) 200 m but dependant on water extraction Reduction of impact of nuisance insects (midges) 100 to 800 m, depending on orientation of wetland.

In terms of land use compatibility, wetland management categories are reqarded as equivalent to the Priority ratings attached to the State’s Public Drinking Water Supply Areas (PDWSAs, discussed further in the following Sections). Lake Goollelal (and presumably an appropriate buffer zone of 50 metres), as a Conservation Category wetland, would therefore have the same land use compatibility ratings as a Priority1 source protection area. Priority 1 (P1) source protection areas are defined and managed to ensure that there is no degradation of the water source in these areas. According to the WRC Water Quality Protection Note for land use compatibility in Priority source protection areas, the land uses associated with the Luisini Winery site have been rated as follows (WRC, 2002): • Car park Incompatible • Community education centres Conditional* • Exhibition centre Incompatible • Restaurant Incompatible • Shop Incompatible • Toilet blocks and change rooms Conditional* • Winery (includes wine tasting facilities) Incompatible

* Land use not normally acceptable, but may be approved where a community need is demonstrated or if this facility is consistent with State and Local Government planning strategies.

5.1.7 Water Quality Protection Policy No. X: Policy and Guidelines for Recreation and General Access on Crown Land within Public Drinking Water Source Areas and Other Water Source Catchments 2001 This policy represents the Department of Environment’s (DE) position on recreational activities on Crown Land within proclaimed Public Drinking Water Source Areas (PDWSAs4), which includes UWPCAs. Therefore, this policy is relevant to the Luisini Winery site, which is within the Perth Coastal UWPCA. The intention of the policy is to protect drinking water

4 PDWSAs describe areas declared under the Metropolitan Water Supply, Sewerage and Drainage Act 1909 for the management and protection of sources of water used for public drinking water supply.

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from contamination by inappropriate recreational activities in the interests of public health. However, the policy also addresses the protection of environmental values associated with water sources (WRC, 2001b).

PDWSAs are sub-divided into priority classification areas, with the acceptability of each recreation activity considered for each priority classification. There are three priority classifications, ranging from Priority 1 with the highest level of protection, to Priority 3 with the lowest level of protection. The Luisini Winery site falls within a Priority 3 source protection area.

Priority 3 (P3) source protection areas are defined to manage the risk of pollution of the water source. Priority 3 areas are declared over land where water supply sources need to co-exist with other land uses such as residential, commercial and light industrial developments, although there is some restriction on potentially highly polluting land uses consistent with DE’s Land Use Compatibility in Public Drinking Water Source Areas (Section 5.1.7). Protection of Priority 3 areas is otherwise achieved through management guidelines for land use activities. If the water source does become contaminated then water may need to be treated or an alternative water source found.

Generally, recreation in Priority 3 water source areas is considered a conditional activity. Conditional activities can be compatible with the management objectives of the Priority classification with appropriate management practices. Conditional activities should be referred to the WRC for assessment on a case specific basis (WRC, 2001b).

5.1.8 Draft Statement of Planning Policy: Public Drinking Water Source Policy 2001 The above policy was released in draft form by the Western Australian Planning Commission, with the objective of ensuring that land use and development within PDWSAs is compatible with the protection and long-term management of water resources for public water supply. There are a number of general policy measures included in the document, the most relevant of which are:

5.5: Land uses and developments in all priority source protection areas that have the potential to detrimentally impact on the quality and quantity of public drinking water supplies should not be permitted unless it can be demonstrated, having regard to advice from the WRC, that such impacts can be satisfactorily managed.

5.6 Planning schemes and decisions on land use and development should have regard for any adopted region scheme policy and relevant environmental protection policy for public drinking water supply.

5.1.9 Land Use Compatibility in Public Drinking Water Source Areas 2002 This note provides the Water and Rivers Commission’s views on land use practices and activities within areas gazetted for public drinking water supply in order to maintain the quality of the State’s water resources. This note should be read in conjunction with the draft Public Drinking Water Source Policy 2001 (above).

The note provides a land use compatibility table which is intended as a guideline for the identification of land uses that are compatible, can be managed to be compatible (termed ‘conditional’) or that are incompatible with the sustainable use of the water resource and the retention of environmental values associated with the water resource. The guideline acknowledges that there may be special circumstances, such as strong community need or site specific conditions, which will allow a land use typically regarded as incompatible to be conditionally approved. All conditional developments or activities should be referred to DE for assessment on a case specific basis, and the Water and Rivers Commission section of DE should be consulted regarding all proposed activities in PDWSAs. In Priority 3 areas, land uses that may be associated with the Luisini Winery project are defined as: • Car park Compatible • Community education centres Compatible* • Exhibition centre Compatible* • Restaurant Compatible* • Shop Compatible* • Toilet blocks and change rooms Compatible • Winery (includes wine tasting facilities) Conditional**

Notes: * Must be connected to deep sewerage, except where exemptions apply under the current Government Sewerage Policy. This Policy recognises that sewer connection may not be feasible in some areas. ** Proposal must incorporate waste management practices compatible with the water source protection objectives for the management Priority of the source protection area.

Although the development will not function as a full winery, there are future plans for small scale winemaking for demonstration purposes only on the site. In addition, the education centre will include facilities for wine tasting as part of wine education courses. The inclusion of these activities within the site may require approval from the WRC.

5.1.10 Review of the Environmental Protection (Gnangara Mound) Policy 1992 The Environmental Protection (Gnangara Mound Crown Land) Policy 1992 has been in place since December 1992 (EPA, 1992). The purpose of the policy was to protect the level of quality of groundwater on or under the policy area, and to protect native vegetation in the policy area. This EPP was reviewed in 1992 by the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA, 1999). The Luisini Winery site does not fall within the study area defined by the Gnangara Mound Crown Land EPP.

5.1.11 Gnangara Land Use and Water Management Strategy 2001 The Gnangara Land Use and Water Management Strategy (GLUWMS) was prepared by the Western Australian Planning Commission and the Water and Rivers Commission, and was finalised in 2001 (WAPC and WRC, 2001). The overall aim of this strategy is to “protect the important groundwater and environmental features of the Gnangara Mound while allowing compatible development of the land for the benefit of the community” (WAPC and WRC, 2001: 8). Although Lake Goollelal and surrounding areas lie on one of the flanks of the Gnangara Mound, it has not been included within the scope of GLUWMS. However, the Water and Rivers Commission will undertake a review of the groundwater priorities of the

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Perth Coastal UWPCA, of which the Luisini Winery site is part, in the future (WAPC and WRC, 2001).

5.1.12 Environmental Management Guidelines for Vineyards 2002 The Department of Environmental Protection (now Department of Environment) and Water and Rivers Commission have released the Environmental Management Guidelines for Vineyards (DEP and WRC, 2002), which are intended to provide guidance on the best management practices for the viticulture industry in Western Australia. The guidelines summarise the statutory requirements for establishing new vineyards in Western Australia. A permit is required for establishing a vineyard in a Priority 3 UWPCA, as is the case for the site. A licence from the Water and Rivers Commission is required to draw water from water resources, such as a proclaimed Groundwater Area (which covers most of the State) or a proclaimed Surface Water Catchment.

The Guidelines also set out criteria that should be adhered to when selecting a site for establishment of a vineyard, as well as recommended separation distances between environmental resources and vineyards. The Guidelines recommend that a vineyard should not be established close to an existing or proposed residential or rural-residential zone, due to concerns with pesticide drift, chemical spray and noise. Nearby sensitive environmental areas, such as wetlands and drinking water sources, should also be avoided.

The Guidelines detail the required and minimum recommended separation distances for near vineyards in the vicinity of water resources. The recommended separation distance between vineyards and environmentally important wetlands, such as Lake Goollelal, is 200 metres. This is the recommended separation distance to reduce nutrient inputs and sediment transfer, and to preserve the conservation value of these wetlands (DEP and WRC, 2002). The recommended separation distance to the maximum groundwater table level is 1.5 metres in order to reduce nutrient inputs from potential sources. Separation distances may vary on a case by case basis according to the proposed use, the environmental values and beneficial uses of the water resources. Smaller buffers may be negotiated where environmental conditions or management of the land use activity could reduce the impact of the activity on nearby water resources (DEP and WRC, 2002).

5.1.13 Metropolitan Region Scheme Under the Metropolitan Region Scheme (MRS), the study area is zoned as Parks and Recreation. For land under this zoning, development works may be carried out where such works are in accordance with a management plan endorsed by the Western Australian Planning Commission (WAPC, 2002).

5.1.14 Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 The purpose of this Act is to preserve and protect Aboriginal heritage including any site or object which is of significance to Aboriginal people. Disturbing an Aboriginal site is a breach of Section 17 of the Act. In order to ensure that development which would otherwise constitute an offence under the Act can occur, a mechanism is provided for proponents to obtain permission to 'use the land on which a site is located' for a purpose incompatible with preservation of the Aboriginal site.

Aboriginal sites in and around Lake Goollelal were discussed in Section 4.1.

5.1.15 Native Title Act 1993 The Native Title Act 1993 requires notification in writing for public works constructed on all reserved lands and waters managed by the Department of Conservation and Land Management. Parties to be notified are: • Representative Aboriginal bodies; and • Registered native title bodies (corporate) and registered native title claimants for Department of Conservation and Land Management land/waters on which operations are to be carried out.

These parties must be provided with the opportunity to comment on the proposed public works. A ‘public work’ is defined in the Act to include buildings, structures which are fixtures, roads, bridges, wells, bores and major earthworks constructed or established on behalf of the Crown. Additionally, a management plan for any national or state park intended to preserve the natural environment of an area must be notified in the same manners as for public works. The Act’s intention to preserve the natural and cultural environment will probably cause conservation parks, regional parks, nature reserves, conservation/recreation purposes Section 5(h) reserves, marine reserves and marine nature reserves to be included in this requirement.

5.1.16 Guidance Statement for Management of Mosquitoes by Land Developers (2000) The Environmental Protection Authority developed a Guidance Statement on mosquito management to provide advice to proponents and the public about the minimum requirements for environmental management which the EPA would expect to be met. Mosquitoes can present a health risk to people by acting as transmitters or vectors of arboviruses such as Ross River virus and Barmah Forest virus. The objectives of the Guidance Statement are to ensure that mosquito numbers on-site and off-site should not adversely affect the health, welfare and amenity of future residents, and that the breeding of mosquitoes is controlled to the satisfaction of the Department of Health without adversely affecting other flora or fauna. It is the expectation of the EPA that where a water body where mosquitoes could breed is within the flight range of adult mosquitoes (around five kilometres) that the proponent will take joint responsibility with the relevant local government for the implementation and monitoring of measures to manage mosquito problems (EPA, 2000). The EPA seeks an environmentally sensitive approach to mosquito control, based on a good understanding of the types of mosquitoes present, location of potential breeding areas, population size over a full year, and local incidence of mosquito-borne arboviruses. The City of Joondalup currently implements mosquito control within wetlands within their jurisdiction as required.

5.1.17 Liquid Waste Regulations and Controlled Waste Regulations The Environmental Protection (Liquid Waste) Regulations 1996 were introduced to control the storage, removal and disposal of liquid waste, in particular grease and oil trap waste and sewage. In March 2001, the Liquid Waste Regulations were amended and the new Environmental Protection (Controlled Waste) Regulations 2001 were introduced to expand the regulatory coverage to include other hazardous waste (DEP, 2001a). The Controlled

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Waste Regulations cover the transport and disposal of all controlled waste. Controlled waste includes liquid wastes from septic tanks, grease traps and oil interceptors (DEP, 2001b). The Liquid Waste Regulations establish additional licencing requirements for liquid waste producers (DEP, 2001a). The Liquid Waste Regulations are to be revoked in at the end of June, 2003, and all permit requirements will be dealt with under the Controlled Waste Regulations. Permits under the Controlled Waste Regulations will be required for oil interceptors and grease traps on the premises. The proponent will be required to contact a licenced liquid waste transporter, who will organise the permit and remove waste. The frequency of removal may have to be negotiated between the Water Corporation, who are responsible for sewered developments, and the local government, who organise collection in unsewered areas, depending on the type of connection to the sewerage system.

5.1.18 Discharge of Industrial Waste to Sewer The Water Corporation has a Policy for Industrial Waste Discharges, in cases where premises discharge wastewater to sewer. Industrial processes generate a variety of wastewaters which may be significantly different from domestic wastewater in both the nature and quantity of pollutants they contain, which may create problems in the municipal wastewater collection, treatment and disposal system (Water Corporation, 1997). In order to minimise problems, the Water Corporation has produced a comprehensive set of industrial waste acceptance criteria designed to exclude or limit hazardous, damaging or polluting material, or material that interferes with biological wastewater treatment processes. The Water Corporation’s acceptance criteria are similar to the National Trade Waste Guidelines, released in 1994. The main differences relate to acceptable mass discharges of waste components, which are set to meet the Corporation’s local operational and environmental constraints.

The Water Corporation will need to issue an approval to discharge industrial waste to sewer for the premises. The plans for the site will need to meet the Water Corporation’s acceptance criteria and standards, and detail will be required on drainage structures, flow rates and volumes of water. Permission would need to be gained as part of the approvals process for the development of the site. These issues are being dealt with by the engineering consultants for the project.

5.1.19 Environmental Protection (Noise) Regulations 1997 Environmental noise is governed by the Environmental Protection (Noise) Regulations 1997. The regulations stipulate maximum allowable external noise levels, determined by the calculation of an influencing factor (such as a restaurant), which is then added to the existing base noise levels. Different noise levels are given for various times of the day, and the noise-receiving premises, which in this case are residential premises. If annoying characteristics are present within the noise emitted, such as tonality, amplitude modulation or impulsiveness, then the permitted levels are adjusted (Herring Storer Acoustics, pers. comm., January 2003).

© Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd 4145-0997-02R Final Rev 1 Page 37 Luisini Winery Project EMP 5.2 Local 5.2.1 Town Planning Scheme and Structure Plan Town Planning Schemes are established under the Town Planning and Development Act, 1928 and as such have statutory authority. Town Planning Schemes set out the way land is to be used and developed within each local government’s boundaries. They classify areas for land use and include provisions to coordinate land use and development in a locality. The most recent scheme affecting the Luisini Winery site is the City of Joondalup District Planning Scheme No. 2 (2000), which revoked the City of Joondalup Town Planning Scheme No. 1 of 1972 (City of Joondalup, 2000). This scheme is intended to be complementary to the Metropolitan Region Scheme and not a substitute for it. The scheme text sets out acceptable land uses for the various land use zones. The study area lots are zoned as Parks and Recreation, in accordance with the Metropolitan Region Scheme.

The land uses proposed for the Luisini Winery site are shown below in terms of their compatibility with the land zoning: Art Gallery P Car Park P Public Exhibition Facility P Restaurant D Take Away Food Outlet D

Note: P a use class that is permitted but which may be subject to any conditions that the Council may wish to impose in granting its approval. D a use class that is not permitted, but to which the Council may grant its approval after following the procedures laid down by sub clause 6.6.2. of the City of Joondalup District Planning Scheme No. 2.

In considering whether to approve a “D” use, Council considers a number of factors, including the amenity of the locality, submissions by the applicant, comments received by public or municipal authorities and objectors to or supporters of the application, precedents, access and parking facilities (City of Joondalup, 2000).

The District Planning Scheme No. 2 also gives details of car parking standards. For a restaurant, the number of on-site parking bays is to be either greater than 1 per 5m2 of dining room or 1 per 4 guests.

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6.0 Environmental Impacts and Management Strategies Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

6.1 Landform, Geology and Soils 6.1.1 Site Contamination Potential Impacts The past use of the site as an orchard and winery means that there is the potential for site contamination. Possible contaminants from past use as an orchard and market garden could include heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, lead and mercury, organochlorines such as DDT and dieldrin, and organophosphates. Past oil storage facilities on the site could have lead to contamination with hydrocarbons, acids, alkalis and heavy metals. Wine distilling on the premises could have resulted in contamination from alcohol or excess nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus.

Due to the potential for site contamination, to which workers at the winery site and restaurant patrons could be exposed, a Phase I and II site contamination investigation was carried out, involving a review of potential sources of contamination and sampling within the site. The assessment was carried out by MPL Health Safety and Environmental Solutions.

Results are detailed in MPL (2003) and are summarised briefly here. Sampling followed a grid pattern across Lots 41 to 45, as indicated in the site plan in MPL (2003). Heavy metals and organochloride pesticides were detected across the site. All concentrations of these contaminants were below Health Investigation Levels (HILs) for commercial landuse. Composite concentrations of Zinc, Copper and OCP’s (Heptachlorepoxide) at 0.0 to 0.1 metres BGL at certain sample sites exceeded composite adjusted Ecological Investigation Level (EIL) guidelines. EILs are used by DE to assess sites where it may result in adverse impact to sensitive environmental receptors.

The likelihood of impact on the potential receptors is: • unlikely for workers conducting sub-surface investigations in the event they come into dermal contact with impacted soil; • unlikely for future occupants of the site and land downgradient; • unlikely for water resources under the site; and • rare for the freshwater aquatic ecosystem of Lake Goollelal, located approximately 100 metres down gradient of the site.

The report concluded the following: “Based on our opinion, the consequences of impact on the potential receptors is minor. Consequently, the risk of impact on identified potential receptors is low.”

“Based on the results of the qualitative estimate of the fate of impact and the risk to potential receptors, redevelopment of subject site for heritage and educationsal purposes is recommended with no additional intrusive investigations or remediation actions required.”

Management Strategies Based on the above assessment, no remediation of the site will be required. The main management strategies for prevention of soil contamination are to minimise spills using Best Practice procedures and to analyse and validate all imported fill for contamination. Any material exported from the site will also need to be validated.

6.1.2 Soil Erosion Potential Impacts Site works associated with the redevelopment of the site could result in soil erosion if large areas are left bare at once, particularly if heavy rainfall events or strong winds occur. Strong winds could also result in dust creation at the site. Soil erosion could lead to an increase in sediment load in Lake Goollelal. The ground beneath the demonstration vineyards will be bare soil, so there is the potential for soil erosion from this surface, potentially leading to increased sedimentation of Lake Goollelal.

Management Strategies Areas cleared for development will not be left as bare soil for longer than necessary. Temporary erosion control methods could be implemented if needed. The creation of steep slopes on the site will be minimised to reduce the likelihood of soil erosion due to particle entrainment in surface run-off. Water-sensitive design measures in landscaping, building design and drainage design will also be used to ensure that surface run-off volume and velocity are minimised. Sediment traps will be used in the drainage system for hard-stand areas such as carparks. These measures will be given in greater detail in Section 6.2. Appropriate dust suppression will be undertaken during periods of high winds, or at other times as necessary.

Several measures will be employed to reduce soil erosion from the demonstration vineyard. Sediment traps will be installed where appropriate to catch sediment in run-off from the vineyard. After clearing of the introduced grasses that cover the site, the area will be planted with vines as soon as practicable, and rows will be planted in parallel to the slope of the land. Mulch should be applied between the vine rows, which will assist with conserving soil moisture and reducing erosion. A cover crop or loose stones will be established between rows to minimise erosion.

It is recommended that establishment of a buffer strip of fringing vegetation be considered between the existing reed beds and the restaurant development (Section 6.2.3), which will aid in reducing sediment inflow into Lake Goollelal if erosion occurs. This could possibly extend between the proposed dual-use path and the existing reed beds. As the vineyard is less than 200 metres from the wetland (the recommended separation distance (DEP and WRC, 2002) it is recommended that a vegetated buffer strip be established, as these can filter out sediment and reduce contamination from nutrients. The selection of appropriate

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plants for vegetated strips will determine how much sediment and nutrients are filtered. The WRC should be approached for advice.

6.2 Water 6.2.1 Groundwater Quality Potential Impacts The major potential threat to groundwater quality is related to the disposal of liquid waste from the site. Major waste types that have the potential to pollute groundwater would include kitchen wastewater, grease and oil, and sewerage. Any pollution of groundwater would have flow-on effects for groundwater-dependent wetlands in the area and Lake Goollelal. Nutrient enrichment may also occur, particularly in association with the vineyard.

The site is unsewered, with a relatively high groundwater table. Advice from the Water Corporation indicates that the portion of Kingsley in which the winery is found is unlikely to ever be connected to the sewer network, given the large size of the housing lots, the distance to the nearest sewerage line and the small number of people affected. Nevertheless, the site is in a Priority 3 Underground Water Pollution Control Area so protection of groundwater quality is of high priority. Four uses for the site (shop, exhibition centre, restaurant and community education centre) are designated as Compatible with the Priority 3 UWPCA rating by the Water and Rivers Commission, provided that the site is connected to deep sewerage (except in instances where this is not feasible). A further use for the site, wine tasting, is considered Conditional provided adequate waste management measures are in place.

Run-off from areas within the site, such as carparks and the access road, may contain hydrocarbons such as petrol and oil, which could pollute groundwater supplies. Appropriate oil interceptors will be installed within the drainage system to trap these pollutants.

The fruit-production vines within the site will require regular input of fertiliser, pesticide and fungicide to maintain fruit quality. This will need to be carefully managed, given the close proximity of Lake Goollelal. At the closest point, the vineyards are around 75 metres distant from the edge of the wetland boundary. Fertilisers and pesticides could leach into water resources if not carefully managed, given the coarse, sandy soils in the area and the close proximity of the groundwater table.

Some fertiliser use may be required in landscaped areas, which may result in nutrient enrichment of groundwater supplies. This impact is likely to be minimal however, since any theme plantings of olives or vines (outside the fruit production vineyard) will not require excessive fertiliser, water or herbicide use because such plantings are intended for aesthetic purposes only, rather than for production of fruit. In addition, most species to be used in landscaping works will be native species and will not require substantial amounts of fertiliser.

Management Strategies Two options are available for effluent disposal from the site. The first involves establishing a private connection to the nearest Water Corporation sewer. As the nearest gravity-fed sewer is several hundred metres away, and uphill from the winery, a private pumping station will need to be installed. Given the considerable environmental constraints on the site, this is the preferred method of waste disposal based on advice from the Water and Rivers Commission. The second option is for on-site treatment of effluent using grey-water

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recycling. Recycled water may also be available for use in irrigation works under this scenario. Effluent would need to be removed from the site at regular intervals. There are some drawbacks to this approach, including the relatively high cost, and the difficulty of finding a system that could cope with the other types of waste that would be generated from the restaurant premises, such as vegetable oils, without compromising the waste treatment process. Further, given the relatively small volumes of water likely to be generated, it may not be viable to use recycled grey water or roof run-off for irrigation.

The recommended wastewater disposal system on environmental grounds is for connection to the Water Corporation sewer, and installation of a private pumping station. The engineering consultants for the project will be responsible for gaining approval from the Water Corporation to discharge industrial waste to sewer. If on-site treatment of effluent is to be employed, the National Trust will need to liaise closely with the Water and Rivers Commission, Department of Health, and the City of Joondalup.

Appropriate gross pollutant traps, oil interceptors or separators and grease traps will be installed within the plumbing network and the stormwater drainage network. Runoff from all paved areas will be captured and treated for pollutants using gross pollutant and sediment trapping devices, and oil interceptors, to minimise adverse impacts on water quality. The most appropriate types of interceptors and traps will be specified by the engineering consultants for the project. Examples of devices that could be used in paved areas include: • Oil/grit separators, which are applicable for catchments of up to 4 000 m2, and are used to separate out sediment, grit/debris and oil from stormwater; • Gross pollutant traps, which separate litter, debris and coarse sediment, but are not effective in removing hydrocarbons; and • Coalescing plate separators, which use plates of oil-attracting material stacked in an array to promote coalescing of oil droplets, which are then skimmed off the top of the separator. These systems are particularly suited to carparks and other areas where large volumes of hydrocarbons are expected, as long as the catchment area is less than 4 000 m2, and significant input of sediment is not expected. Along with oil/grit separators, this system is also relatively expensive and requires high maintenance.

The National Trust will appoint a licenced liquid waste transporter to organise a permit under the Controlled Waste Regulations and remove collected liquid waste on a regular basis. The frequency of liquid waste removal will need to be arranged once the designs have been finalised and an accurate estimate of waste types and volumes has been ascertained.

The small demonstration vineyard will be carefully managed to ensure that environmental impacts are minimised. As far as possible, organic farming or permaculture methods should be used to minimise the application of fertiliser, pesticides and fungicides. Any pesticides, herbicides or fungicides that are used will be compatible with the location of the site near a sensitive wetland environment (e.g, Roundup Bioactive). Systems that can be incorporated within the vineyard include: • Adoption of the most efficient irrigation practices possible, which will reduce nutrient loss and minimise the amount of water extracted from the water resource. Examples include: − dripper irrigation − regular maintenance of the irrigation system − use of stormwater runoff from roof areas

− scheduling of irrigation according to local conditions and stage of vine development • Fertigation (soluble nutrients added to the irrigation system) to accurately apply nutrients to vines • Soil analysis to accurately determine the quantities and types of nutrients to be applied in fertiliser • Augmenting top soil with clay, loam or organic matter to minimise leaching • Laying out vineyards so that the row direction, planting width, training system and canopy management optimise air movement and sunlight exposure to facilitate disease control and improve fruit quality • Application of mulch down vine rows to conserve moisture, improve weed control, improve soil organic matter content and water penetration.

Plants that require low fertiliser input will be preferentially selected for use in landscaping. Olives and vines have a relatively low demand for nutrients. Native species should require minimal fertiliser use. If fertilisers are used on the site, the amounts used will be kept to a minimum and will be organic where possible.

6.2.2 Groundwater Flow Regimes Potential Impacts The potential impacts related to the groundwater regime include diversion of shallow groundwater flows due to compaction during construction, and loss of groundwater recharge area and reduced infiltration through development of hard surface areas. If a bore is sunk to provide water for irrigation during the initial stages of landscaping and revegetation, and for the irrigation of the small demonstration vineyard, this could lead to groundwater drawdown and stress on phreatophytic (groundwater-dependent) vegetation. However, such a bore would be unlikely to have a significant impact, given the relatively small amount of water to be extracted. Further, bore water would be used to supply a drip irrigation system, which would have minimal surface run-off and evaporation. Under this system, most of the water not used by plants would gradually infiltrate into the groundwater. It is anticipated at this stage that scheme water would be used to irrigate the small areas of lawn proposed for the project.

Management Strategies Water sensitive design principles that could operate within the stormwater drainage system for the carparks and buildings include: • Linear, vegetated swales with a gentle gradient to promote infiltration, which could be installed adjacent to paved areas to contain runoff; • Porous asphalt or concrete pavements in the carpark, or in sections of the carpark; and • Collection and storage of roof runoff for later release or use (for example as irrigation), or use of rooftop runoff disposal, by directing downspouts into vegetated bands surrounding buildings, or infiltration swales.

Whelans and Halpern Glick Maunsell (1994) provide greater detail on the best management practices (BMPs) for the water sensitive design principles discussed above. These principles are aimed at maximising infiltration to compensate for the loss of groundwater recharge area associated with developments, and reducing surface water run-off velocity and volume.

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If compaction occurs on the grounds of the site due to construction vehicles (in areas where buildings will not be constructed) this will be remedied once the building is complete. Remediation methods will depend on the extent of compaction, and could include ripping or tilling of the ground. Vehicles will be restricted to designated areas on the site.

Irrigation will be kept to a minimum to avoid pressure on the groundwater resource, particularly in relation to the demonstration vineyard. The most efficient irrigation practices possible will be adopted to ensure minimal water use. Examples of efficient irrigation practices have been detailed in the Management Strategies in Section 6.2.2.

6.2.3 Wetlands Potential Impacts The café-restaurant development is in close proximity to Lake Goollelal. The distance between the Luisini Winery development at its closest point and the edge of the wetland boundary (as defined by WRC verified wetlands mapping), is around 40 metres. Part of the restaurant development is within the 50 metre buffer, but most aspects of the development such as the carpark, exhibition centre, toilets, vineyard, shop and winery building are outside of the 50 metre buffer zone. In this case, the boundary of the wetland as defined by WRC is taken as the distance from which the buffer should extend instead of the extent of wetland dependent vegetation, because the fringing Melaleuca rhaphiophylla woodland that would have occurred along the lake edge has been cleared in front of the study site. The small demonstration vineyard is within the recommended 200 metre buffer between sensitive wetland areas and vineyards. However, given that the vineyard is relatively small, it is envisaged that with stringent environmental management, the impacts of the vineyard on the wetland can be minimised.

The proximity of the development to Lake Goollelal could adversely affect the wetland environment through additional pressure on native flora and fauna, increased nutrient loading, groundwater extraction for irrigation, pesticide drift (from spraying of vineyards), increased sedimentation of the lake or increased stormwater run-off into the lake. Artificial feeding of birds at the lake edge could lead to increased nutrient loading in the lake and adverse effects on bird health.

Management Strategies If the management strategies outlined in this document are adhered to, the proximity of the development to Lake Goollelal should not result in the loss of any wetland functions or attributes. Revegetation works in association with the development will create additional habitat for wetland flora and fauna.

Liquid waste and solid waste disposal from the site will be carefully managed to ensure that groundwater and surface water quality are not compromised. Installation of deep sewerage will ensure that there will be no leakage of nutrients from waste generated by the development into the groundwater.

Fertiliser use will be kept to a minimum by using species indigenous to the area and using plants that will require minimal nutrient input. Theme plantings of olive trees and vines will be in place for aesthetic purposes only rather than fruit production, and will not require input of excess fertiliser or herbicide to produce high quality fruit. Any herbicides used will be compatible with the site’s location near a wetland area, and will not contain surfactants that could interfere with biological processes in wetland areas. Herbicide use will be kept to a minimum, and will be directly applied to weeds rather than sprayed over large areas. See Section 6.3.2 for alternative methods of weed control.

Particular attention will be given to the management of the demonstration vineyard. As far as possible, organic and permaculture methods of farming will be used, to minimise the use of inputs such as fertiliser, pesticides, herbicides and fungicides. Mulch will be placed between vine rows to reduce erosion, maintain soil moisture, increase soil organic matter and reduce weed invasion. Soil analysis should be undertaken to determine the quantities and types of nutrients that need to be applied to the soil. Leaching of nutrients and surface water run-off will be kept to a minimum by appropriate nutrient management, and efficient use of irrigation. Efficient irrigation methods are listed in Section 6.2.1. Herbicides, pesticides and fungicides, if needed, will be hand sprayed on vines in light wind conditions only. Any chemicals used will be compatible with the site’s location near a sensitive wetland environment. Close liaison with the Water and Rivers Commission will be maintained to ensure that potential adverse impacts from the demonstration vineyard are minimised.

There should be no increase in stormwater run-off into Lake Goollelal. Water-sensitive design principles aimed at conserving water and maximising infiltration will be employed throughout the site. These are detailed further in Sections 6.2.2 and 6.2.4. The surface water drainage system will include sediment traps, gross pollutant traps and oil interceptors to ensure that these pollutants do not enter stormwater. The drainage system will incorporate measures to account for any sediment that may be entrained in surface water run-off from the vineyard. These could include vegetation between vine rows, and use of vegetated retention basins to retain surface water run-off and allow sediment to settle out.

Artificial feeding of birds will be discouraged using signage.

A buffer zone of at least 50 metres from the edge of the remaining wetland-dependent vegetation will be delineated and marked, and construction vehicles, machinery and personnel will be restricted from this area. No water will be abstracted from the wetland or pumped into the wetland during construction.

The draft Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan (DCLM et al., 2003) recommends that in disturbed areas, such as the edge of Lake Goollelal near the winery, reedbeds and fringing vegetation should be re-established as a high priority. In line with this recommendation, and given the benefits that revegetation of the fringing vegetation would have on fauna habitat, flora habitat, and as a filter for nutrients and sediment, revegetation of the wetland fringe should be considered on the edge of Lake Goollelal between the two sections of Melaleuca rhaphiophylla woodland (see Figure 4). This would need to be negotiated with DCLM and local community groups, and would also need to take into account views across to the lake from the restaurant development. The dual-use path could potentially function as the boundary between revegetated areas and dry grass areas.

Page 46 4145-0997-02R Final Rev 1 © Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd Environmental Impacts and Management Strategies 6.2.4 Surface Water Quality Potential Impacts Surface water quality could be adversely affected by the development through the addition of nutrients from fertilisers, toxic chemicals from herbicides, sediment, and hydrocarbons from run-off from carparking areas.

Management Strategies Gross pollutant, sediment and hydrocarbon traps will be included in the drainage design of the development. Liquid waste from hydrocarbon interceptors will be removed by a licenced liquid waste transporter. Greater detail on minimising soil erosion is given in previous sections.

Nutrient and herbicide use will be kept to a minimum, by using native species in landscaping plans where possible, and by using non-chemical means of weed control where possible. More detail on methods for minimising inputs of nutrients and chemicals is given in the previous sections.

6.2.5 Surface Water Flow Regimes Potential Impacts Surface run-off at the site could be affected by interference with the existing surface water flow patterns resulting from local alterations to topography. The volume of surface water run-off could increase due to the increase in impervious areas within the site, such as carparks and the access road. Surface water run-off could also increase due to irrigation of landscaping and rehabilitation works within the site, and irrigation of the demonstration vineyard.

Management Strategies The use of water sensitive design Best Management Practices (BMPs) will ensure that the volume of stormwater generated from the site is minimised. Appropriate measures will need to be incorporated with the design, but could include the use of linear, vegetated swales to slow run-off and encourage infiltration, or the use of vegetation retention or detention basins to hold excess run-off and allow infiltration. Porous paving materials may also be considered.

Alterations to the topography of the site will be kept to a minimum, and will be undertaken only where required for the construction of the building.

Drip irrigation will be used in landscaped areas to minimise evaporation and run-off. Drip irrigation for areas to be revegetated will be in place only until seedlings have become established, which is likely to be for about two years. Mulch will also be regularly applied to reduce evaporation and surface water run-off. Sprinklers may be used for irrigation of lawn areas within the site. Areas of irrigated lawn have been kept to a minimum. Scheme water restrictions will be complied with, except during establishment of lawn when a greater frequency of watering will be required. At this stage, it is anticipated that scheme water will be used for irrigation of lawns, due to the potential for rust stains on the buildings when using

bore water, and an exemption to water restrictions will be applied for in order the establish the lawns.

The most efficient irrigation practices possible will be used on the demonstration vineyard, to minimise surface water run-off and water use. These methods have been given in greater detail in Section 6.2.1.

6.3 Flora and Vegetation 6.3.1 Disturbance to Vegetation Potential Impacts The development of the site will not involve further clearing of native vegetation. Revegetation and rehabilitation works in association with the development of the subject lots will have a beneficial effect on the fringing and upland vegetation in the north-east corner of Lake Goollelal. However, construction works could result in damage to vegetation if vehicles are not restricted in their movements. Increased visitation to the area could result in disturbance to vegetation, particularly sensitive restoration areas, through trampling or other damage.

Management Strategies The majority of planting done on the site, including landscaping works, will consist of indigenous species native to the area, but there will also be non-native species present in the area around the buildings and in and around the demonstration vineyard. Non-native species will include theme plantings of species such as olive trees or vines. The approximate extent of revegetation and restoration works are shown on the Concept Plan in Figure 2. A landscape plan, which provides a framework for revegetation activities as well as defining the planting regime around the buildings, is being compiled by Marion Fredriksson Design. Weed control and revegetation activities will be cognisant with the Yellagonga Regional Park Weed Control and Revegetation Plan (Regeneration Technology, 2002).

During construction, remnant vegetation and the scattered large Flooded Gums and Marris in the grassed areas will be clearly flagged and a buffer area around trees and vegetation delineated so that vehicles and machinery do not cause damage.

Revegetation works will be clearly signposted, with instructions for members of the public not to enter areas where restoration is underway. All material used in landscaping or revegetation (such as mulch, plants and topsoil) that is imported onto the site must be certified as free from Phytophthora cinnamomi (the fungus that causes dieback disease) and weed seeds and propagules.

At present, there are no defined pathways around the site in areas near vegetation. The National Trust intends to liaise with the Department of Conservation and Land Management over the construction of a dual use path around the shore of Lake Goollelal. Once constructed, this should confine the movements of people so that vegetation is not trampled.

Page 48 4145-0997-02R Final Rev 1 © Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd Environmental Impacts and Management Strategies 6.3.2 Weed Invasion and Weed Control Potential Impacts There is the potential for the spread of weed species in association with site works, rehabilitation and landscape plantings. Weed seeds and propagules could inadvertently be brought on site in mulch or topsoil used in rehabilitation works. Movement of vehicles around the site could also transport weed seeds and propagules. Much of the site is already heavily infested with weeds, particularly open areas near the lake which are covered in introduced grasses. There is also the potential for “escapes” into bushland areas from any theme plantings of species such as olive trees (Olea europa). Landscape plantings and revegetation works may need to use herbicides for weed control, which could adversely impact upon the wetland environment.

Management Strategies Weed control methods must take account of the proximity to Lake Goollelal and the high environmental values of the area. All herbicides used in revegetation and landscape works will be approved for use in environmentally sensitive areas. Roundup Bioactive is an example of a “frog-friendly” glyphosate based herbicide that does not contain a surfactant. Non-chemical means of weed control will be used wherever possible in preference to the use of herbicides. Non-chemical means include hand-weeding and use of pressurised hot water.

Regular treatment of weeds in revegetation areas will be undertaken to ensure that the condition of remnant vegetation is maintained and improved. Rehabilitation of remnant vegetation could best be undertaken using assisted natural regeneration, following the principles of the Bradley Method (Appendix Five) should be followed (Bradley, 1971 and 1988). In essence, weed control works should commence in areas in the best condition, and move slowly into areas in progressively worse condition. Revegetation and weed control works will be undertaken in association with local community groups and Friends groups, and will be coordinated by the National Trust.

All material used in rehabilitation and landscaping works, such as mulch and topsoil, must be certified as weed-seed free. Topsoil cleared from the site beneath weed-infested areas will not be reused in rehabilitation or landscaping works. Remnant vegetation on the site will be fenced, and vehicles will be restricted to designated areas.

Known environmental weeds or invasive species will not be used in landscape plantings. Olea europea (Olive) is currently listed as “to be assessed” by CALM (1999), which means that its potential as an invasive plant has yet to be established. If further information on the invasive potential of olives comes to hand, the use of this species in theme plantings may need to be reassessed.

The grounds and nearby remnant vegetation will be checked yearly for the first three years after the first fruiting of any theme plantings (e.g. olives) and every two years after that for seedlings of any species planted in the grounds that may escape. If any escaped species are found, these will be removed using the most appropriate method. If the frequency of “escapes” is high, theme plantings may have to be reconsidered, or a maintenance regime put in place to collect fruits from trees.

Small areas of irrigated grass are planned for the site. These may include the area between the access road and the edge of Lakeway Drive, and a small area adjacent to the restaurant. Grassed areas, including the areas of dry (or non-irrigated) grass planned for the site, will be given a clearly defined edge (or mowing trim, such as paving) and delineated from the rest of the site to ensure that the grass does not spread into bushland or wetland areas.

6.4 Fauna and Fauna Habitat 6.4.1 Disturbance to Fauna Potential Impacts A future stage of development of the Luisini Winery site could include a bird-viewing platform over the lake. It should be noted that construction of this platform could disrupt potential feeding and nesting habitat within the stands of Typha orientalis and Baumea articulata. In addition the Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan (DCLM et al, 2003) has not made specific provision for the construction of a bird viewing platform in this location. Such a development would require ongoing consultation and liaison with the Department of Conservation and Land Management.

Increased numbers of visitors to the lake could cause disturbance to the native fauna of Lake Goollelal, particularly if habitats are interfered with through trampling, or if there is an increase in the number of domestic pets in the area. Droppings from domestic pets could carry diseases that may affect the health of native fauna if ingested. If artificial feeding of birds takes place, this could have adverse effects on bird health and bird populations, and also increases nutrient loading (DCLM et al., 2003). If food scraps and other refuse are found around the site (from bird feeding or kitchen waste), this could increase numbers of vermin such as rats and mice.

Management Strategies To minimise disruption to any bird species that may be nesting in the stands of rushes around the lake edge, construction of the viewing platform should not occur in spring, when many species breed. Disturbance to migratory species of waders should also be minimised. Waders may occur in the area from November to April.

Signs will be put in place around the viewing platform asking people not to feed waterbirds, and providing information on the adverse environmental effects of artificial feeding. Signage will also be installed to ask dog owners to keep pets on their leashes, and to collect and dispose of any droppings using plastic bags and bins provided on the site. The provision of these facilities will be the responsibility of the National Trust.

Kitchen waste storage and disposal will comply with City of Joondalup and Department of Health regulations for restaurants, so that all waste will be covered and secured.

Page 50 4145-0997-02R Final Rev 1 © Ecoscape (Australia) Pty Ltd Environmental Impacts and Management Strategies 6.5 Biodiversity and Conservation Values 6.5.1 Yellagonga Regional Park Potential Impacts The proposed development is acknowledged within the Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan (DCLM et al., 2003) and is in accordance with the goals for recreation set out within the plan.

Management Strategies The development will conform to the principles for recreational developments outlined in the Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan. The National Trust will continue to liaise with the Department of Conservation and Land Management, who are responsible for co- ordinating management of the Regional Park, to ensure that environmental management strategies are compatible with those employed in adjacent sections of the Lake Goollelal reserve.

6.5.2 Conservation Values Potential Impacts Provided that the management strategies recommended in this management plan are adopted, and close liaison is maintained with relevant regulatory authorities, the development is not expected to adversely affect the conservation significance of the site. Revegetation works could enhance the condition of bushland and wetland vegetation around the site, which could increase the diversity of flora and fauna associated with the site and positively affect conservation values.

Management Strategies Management recommendations to minimise the impacts on the landform, wetlands, groundwater, surface water, vegetation, fauna and heritage values have been given in this document, and will be adhered to in order to ensure that conservation values are not affected, and in many instances will be enhanced. Contact with the regulatory authorities, including DE, DCLM, WRC, Water Corporation, Department of Health, DPI and City of Joondalup will be maintained to ensure that environmental management strategies are in place that address the concerns of each of these agencies. The Environmental Management Plan for the site will be revised every five years.

6.6 Non-chemical Emissions 6.6.1 Waste Potential Impacts The restoration of the Luisini Winery buildings and development of a restaurant and other buildings will generate several kinds of waste, which could have a negative impact on the receiving environment if not properly managed. Waste types include kitchen waste, wastewater, sewerage, containers and construction material. The impacts and management strategies related to liquid waste (wastewater, sewerage, oil and grease) have been detailed in Section 6.2 and will not be repeated here.

Management Strategies All recyclable consumables used during the operation of the development, such as glass, plastic, paper and aluminium, will be recycled. General waste reduction principles will be adhered to in order to reduce the volume of waste material from the site, and particularly the volume of non-recyclable waste material.

Kitchen scraps and other organic waste will be disposed of in accordance with standard Department of Health and City of Joondalup regulations on restaurant operation.

Construction waste will be transported off-site by the builder, and disposed of in an appropriate way. Construction waste will not be left on site longer than necessary.

6.6.2 Noise Potential Impacts Additional noise will be associated with the redevelopment of the winery and operation of a restaurant on the premises. This additional noise, from cars, refrigeration units, airconditioning units and people, could adversely affect local residents. On advice from the City of Joondalup, an acoustics assessment was commissioned for the project, which will be undertaken by Herring Storer Acoustics once the design details for the building are complete. This will allow specific tailoring of the noise attenuation measures to the building design and equipment to be used.

Management Strategies Herring Storer Acoustics will undertake an Acoustics Assessment for the site, tailored to the requirements of the buildings. A letter outlining their approach is provided in Appendix Six. The Acoustics Assessment will ensure that the building complies with the appropriate regulations and by-laws on noise.

6.7 Landscape 6.7.1 Visual Amenity Potential Impacts The development of the restaurant and other buildings, and restoration of the Luisini Winery buildings could have a detrimental effect on the visual amenity of the area, particularly to nearby residents if their views across to Lake Goollelal are obscured. However, it is far more likely that the restoration of the winery buildings would result in increased visual amenity, as the buildings would no longer look run-down or under-valued. Further, the bulk of the additional buildings are located between the lake and Lakeway Drive, which will mean a minimal further obstruction of views across the lake. The form of the buildings will aim to blend into the area, and will be aesthetically pleasing, particularly in conjunction with landscaping works on the area. Landscaping works, including revegetation works, will largely use indigenous species and will result in increased visual amenity. The area of land surrounding the lake that will be occupied by grassy weeds will be reduced, and the “unkempt” olive trees on the site will be professionally pruned to enhance their appearance.

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Overall, the redevelopment of the winery and associated works are expected to have a beneficial effect on visual amenity.

Management Strategies Landscaping works will be designed to complement the existing natural setting and the buildings. This will include the use of predominantly indigenous species in landscaping in areas outside the development, limiting exotic species to the developed area, limited and bordered areas of grass, tree pruning, and rehabilitation of degraded bushland.

Architectural works will also be designed to complement the existing setting, and will result in minimal visual obstruction to residents. Carparking areas and access roads will be partially screened using trees and low level shrub planting.

6.8 Cultural Heritage 6.8.1 Aboriginal Culture and Heritage Potential Impacts The development site does not contain any specific areas registered as being of Aboriginal heritage value. However, Lake Goollelal is a place of significance to Aboriginal people and any adverse impacts on Lake Goollelal could have a detrimental effect on Aboriginal heritage.

The Luisini Winery museum, as part of the development, will contain educational information on the Aboriginal heritage of the area, and will contribute to furthering public knowledge of Aboriginal culture, the Aboriginal history of the Lake Goollelal and Joondalup areas, and the fate of Aboriginal people during the settlement of the Perth metropolitan region.

Management Strategies Potential adverse impacts on Lake Goollelal will be minimised by following the strategies listed in Section 6.2 of this management plan. Nutrient and stormwater input into Lake Goollelal as a result of the development will be minimised so that net input remains the same as current, pre-development levels. Further, revegetation and rehabilitation of vegetation will be undertaken as part of the development, which will enhance the conservation value of bushland and wetland vegetation surrounding the lake.

Information on Aboriginal culture and the Aboriginal heritage of the Joondalup area and Lake Goollelal in particular will be included as part of educational displays within the Luisini Winery museum. This will include reference to the Wesley Mission Farm that was present in the area in the 1800s.

6.8.2 European Heritage Potential Impacts The Luisini Winery development will have a beneficial effect on European heritage values, by restoring the State Heritage-listed buildings, informing the public of the importance of the Italian migrant community in Western Australia’s history, and providing educational material

on the historic use of the buildings as a winery. Restoration of the buildings and development of a café-style restaurant would also deter vandals from the site, and prevent further damage to the buildings due to vandalism.

The restoration works could potentially have a detrimental effect on heritage values if restoration is not carefully undertaken. However, this is unlikely to occur as the National Trust of Australia (WA) have already undertaken a comprehensive study to determine how best to conserve the heritage values of the buildings in the form of the Luisini Winery Conservation Plan (Palassis Architects, 1996). This report established an appropriate conservation policy for the place, and recommended guidelines for the future management of the place to maintain and enhance the cultural heritage significance of the place.

Management Strategies Restoration of the buildings will take place according to the principles outlined in the Luisini Winery Conservation Plan (Palassis Architects, 1996: 78). Site works will be carried out with due care and attention with reference to the Australia ICOMOS Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Significance (the Burra Charter) and the Conservation Plan. Building works will be carried out with the service of a recognised conservation architect as a consultant where required. Site works involving any excavation, or any other works which may affect areas defined as archaeologically significant, should be carried out with the services of an experienced archaeologist (Palassis Architects, 1996).

Subsequent to conservation of the Luisini Winery buildings, the recommended maintenance and inspection schedule detailed in the Conservation Plan will be followed (Palassis Architects, 1996). The maintenance schedule is outlined Table 1 below.

Table 1: Recommended maintenance programme for Luisini Winery buildings Timing Action Weekly • Check working order of all lighting and safety features, such as alarm systems and emergency lighting. Monthly • Inspect all plumbing. • Inspect all doors and any other moving parts for wear. • Ensure ventilation points are clear. Quarterly • Inspect all rainwater systems. • Inspect any known areas of damp penetration. • Inspect known areas of failure for movement or deterioration. Annually • Inspect roof for any signs of failure of material and fixings. • Inspect stonework and CGI for indication of finish or fabric deterioration. • Inspect for termites and other vermin and treat where necessary, most likely through an annual maintenance contract with a pest control company. Five yearly • Investigate thoroughly all spaces and update the Conservation Plan as required. • Revise the Conservation Plan in the light of any new archival evidence or change in circumstances. • Record all alterations with photographs and text.

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During restoration and redevelopment works, the site will be securely fenced with locked gates, and any break-ins will be documented. Clearly visible warning signs should be placed around the perimeter to deter break-ins.

6.9 Public Health and Safety 6.9.1 Mosquitoes Potential Impacts Mosquitoes present a both health risk and a nuisance factor to diners at the restaurant. The two main mosquito-borne diseases of concern in the south-west of Western Australia are Ross River virus and Barmah Forest virus. In the south west of Western Australia Ross River virus (RR) can be active at any time between September and May if environmental conditions for mosquito breeding are present. As the restaurant has an outdoor dining area and is situated near a lake, mosquitoes may be an issue for patrons, particularly in the early evening. At this stage, it is envisaged that the restaurant will be open only to 5pm, but may be open for dinner on Friday and Saturday nights if demand is high enough.

Management Strategies The City of Joondalup presently undertakes mosquito control for wetlands in the area, including Lake Goollelal. The National Trust will contribute towards mosquito control near the development through natural, sustainable methods, including revegetation works near the lake edge in concert with community groups. Other strategies that could be incorporated within the building design include shielding outdoor dining areas from the lake, using mosquito deterrents in outdoor areas such as mosquito coils, citronella oil or lavender oil (depending on fire restrictions) and closing off outdoor dining areas in the evenings.

6.9.2 Midges Potential Impacts Midges are a nuisance to residents in the City of Joondalup, particularly around nutrient- enriched wetlands in the area. Midges can form swarms which could potentially be annoying to diners at the restaurant. Female midges may also lay clusters of eggs on the surfaces of the buildings, which can be time consuming and costly to remove. The peak times for midge swarms that could affect patrons to the Luisini Winery redevelopment is around dusk.

Currently there are low levels of midge activity at Lake Goollelal, however the operation of the restaurant may have the potential to increase midge activity in the area, through additional lighting at night, availability of kitchen waste, and potential nutrient enrichment of the lake if nutrient and stormwater management of the site is not properly managed.

Management Strategies Some precautions can be taken to reduce midge activity at the site, such as: • Use of dark colours on the buildings; • Shielding light from the restaurant onto the lake; • Use of sodium lights rather than white lights if the buildings and carparks are to be illuminated at night; • Efficient stormwater and nutrient management (as outlined in Section 6.2); and • Ensuring that all kitchen waste is covered and rubbish disposal areas are kept clean and tidy.

A buffer of native vegetation between the lake edge and the development will also aid in reducing midge activity at the site. At present, there is a substantial area of Typha and Baumea sedgeland fringing the lake. This sedgeland backs onto a parkland of introduced grassland. Revegetation of a buffer strip of wetland vegetation adjacent to the sedgeland should be considered, as it would increase the conservation value of the lake overall, and would also reduce midge numbers. Such revegetation could be carried out in partnership with local environmental groups or Friends groups. Revegetation plans should take into account the proposal for a dual-use path around the edge of Lake Goollelal and views over the lake. Revegetation plans should also be cognisant with the Yellagonga Regional Park Weed Control and Revegetation Plan (Regeneration Technology, 2002).

As with mosquito control, the City of Joondalup is responsible for control of midge numbers. Currently there are low levels of midge activity, but if this was to increase, management of midges at Lake Goollelal may require an integrated control program such as currently exists for Lake Joondalup by the City of Joondalup, the City of Wanneroo, the Department of Conservation and Land Management and the Department of Environment. The National Trust will contribute to midge control using natural, sustainable methods, by contributing towards revegetation efforts along the lake edge cognisant with the strategies outlined in the Yellagonga Regional Park Weed Control and Revegetation Plan (Regeneration Technology, 2002).

6.9.3 Access and Traffic Potential Impacts Many local residents have expressed concern about disturbance due to vehicular access to the development, particularly in the context of functions or other activities that might attract large numbers of people at one time, or after normal business hours. Residents were particularly concerned about disturbance due to headlights shining into their houses and the potential for misuse of carparking areas after hours by hooligans and vandals. Given that the opening hours for the museum and restaurant are expected to be between 10 and 5pm, and perhaps later on Friday and Saturday nights, there should be relatively little disturbance to local residents due to traffic outside of normal working hours.

Pedestrian and cyclist access around Lake Goollelal is likely to be increased in the future, if the plans for a dual use path around the edge of the lake go ahead. In the vicinity of the Luisini Winery, DCLM and National Trust will come to an arrangement over the construction and maintenance of the path. This will have a beneficial impact on pedestrian and cyclist access in the area, but may also have negative impacts on local flora and fauna if not

properly managed. These impacts and management strategies are outlined in Sections 6.3 and 6.4.

Management Strategies A number of site access options have been explored by consultants engaged by the National Trust. Morgan Urban Planning Services (2001) prepared a report on the proposal to access the site via Hocking Road. Uloth and Associates (2001) undertook a broad traffic assessment of the proposal. Uloth and Associates’ report indicated that Lakeway Drive, as an access street, was currently close to the maximum capacity of 800 to 1,000 vehicles per day and could not support more traffic and access via Hocking Road was proposed as the most acceptable route. However, advice from the City of Joondalup was that Lakeway Drive could be classified as a distributor road and could accept 3,000 to 5,000 vehicles per day, which would mean that there was capacity in the existing road network to accept traffic to the Luisini Winery. Further, although Hocking Road, Lakeway Drive and Kingfisher Way could individually be considered as access roads, they collectively function as local distributors. The City of Joondalup advised that due to the capacity of the road system and conservation issues, access from Lakeway Drive should be reconsidered.

Site access options were narrowed down to three options, which were indicated on a sketch plan sent to relevant authorities for comment in November 2002. These comments have been assessed in conjunction with the previous access and traffic studies mentioned above, feedback from the Steering Committee and previous comments received by the National Trust from local resident groups. The three options were also assessed in relation to issues such as visual impact, environmental impact, historical context, safety, impact of headlights, cost, access for disabled and elderly and sight lines to the historic winery.

The site Concept Plan, given in Figure 2, shows the preferred option, based on an assessment of all of the above. An assessment of the options is given in Table 2. Option 2 is the preferred option, with an entrance and exit opposite the existing side road, Plover Way North, as shown. This access would serve for bus access as well as vehicles. It would be lockable by means of a gate or bollards after hours. An access would be maintained in the historical location adjacent the old building for service and emergency use only.

Table 2: Evaluation of the three access options shown in Figure 2 Option Advantages Disadvantages Option 1A • Reflects the historic access of the • Headlight intrusion on residents from Entrance and exit Winery vehicles leaving the site adjacent the historic • Good user legibility due to the • Added traffic numbers on Lakeway building proximity to the buildings Drive • Existing crossover can be utilised • Minimal environmental impact on the site • Economical solution

Option Advantages Disadvantages Option 1B • Reflects the historic access of the • Added traffic numbers on Lakeway Entrance adjacent the Winery Drive from vehicles entering the site historic building, with • Good user legibility due to the • Added cost and visual impact of two exit opposite Plover proximity to the buildings street crossovers Way North (access • Existing crossover can be utilised at option B) entrance • Headlight impact will be minimal due to the existing road opposite the exit Option 2 • Minimal headlight intrusion to • The accessway has a more remote Entrance and exit residents relationship with the historic Winery opposite Plover Way • Maintain site lines of the historic • Added traffic to Lakeway Drive for North, with an internal Winery from the entrance the northern section to Hocking Road one-way ring road • Little environmental impact • The roadway and “development zone” can be clearly contained, with the road as a buffer to the park Option 3 • Minimal impact for residents on • Significant environmental impact on Entrance and exit from Lakeway Drive Yellagonga Park Hocking Road with a • Expensive due to extent of roadway two way road to a car • No visual relationship to the Winery park adjacent to the development from the entry development • Possible conflict with future dual use path at Hocking Rd / Lakeway Drive corner • Difficult to maintain surveillance

6.9.4 Fire Potential Impacts Heavy infestations of Typha orientalis constitute a substantial fire hazard, as fires in Typha are very difficult to control and cause severe damage to fringing paperbark (Melaleuca rhaphiophylla) vegetation (DCLM et al., 2003). Increasing visitor use of the Lake Goollelal reserve could result in an increase in the incidence of unplanned fire.

Management Strategies Well-controlled visitor access can reduce the incidence of fire (DCLM et al., 2003). The carpark to the Luisini Winery will be locked when the museum and restaurant are not open. In terms of restricting access, this is the main precaution that can be taken. As Lake Goollelal is open to the public, the fringing vegetation around the lake could still be accessed by arsonists regardless of the development or otherwise of the winery site. The presence of a restaurant, lighting and restored building may act as a deterrent to would-be arsonists as the site will appear less isolated than previously.

The site is located within the gazetted Fire and Emergency Services (FESA) control zone, so fire suppression is the responsibility of FESA. However, pre-suppression (or fire risk reduction) and post-suppression activities will be the responsibility of the National Trust (DCLM et al., 2003). The National Trust will ensure that fuel loading around the winery and museum development is kept as low as possible, by regular mowing of grassed areas and maintenance of any open, grassy areas within the site. Weed control will also be employed

to reduce fuel loads. If a fire does occur within bushland on the site, the National Trust will contribute to restoration works following fire. This will include restricting access to burnt areas for the first six to twelve months, planting of seedlings if required, and follow-up weed control works. Weed control is best implemented three months post-burn for an early summer fire, or between four to eight weeks post-burn for late summer fires depending on local conditions.

6.9.5 Vineyard Potential Impacts Vineyards and residential areas are generally incompatible (DEP and WRC, 2002). Potential adverse effects in residential zoned areas are detailed below (from DEP and WRC, 2002). It should be borne in mind that the proposed vineyard is relatively small and to be used for educational purposes only.

Potential adverse impact Activity in vineyard likely to cause problems Wind borne dust of soil and organic matter Cultivation, mowing and flailing Unpleasant odour Use of unconditioned organic manures Nuisance noise Day time operation of mechanical equipment Pesticide spray drift Spraying of vines Algal blooms in wetlands Poor nutrient management or excessive nutrient application Midge/mosquito problems Poor nutrient management, excessive nutrient application

Management Strategies Reduction of wind borne dust can be ensured by undertaking cultivation, mowing and flailing when soil is moist and during light wind conditions. Conditioned organic manures should be used in place of unconditioned organic manures. Any spraying of pesticides, herbicides or fungicides should be targeted at individual plants and should occur only in light wind conditions to control spray drift. Appropriate nutrient management strategies and drainage strategies will be adopted to reduce the risk of excess nutrient leaching into wetlands or groundwater. An acoustics assessment will be undertaken to ensure that appropriate guidelines for noise are set.

6.10 Sustainability 6.10.1 Building Design Potential Impacts If not carefully designed, the new buildings could lead to excessive use of non-renewable and renewable resources, such as electricity, water and building materials.

Management Strategies The new buildings will maximise opportunities for environmental sustainability. Aspects of the design include: • Building orientation suited to climate; • Maximising opportunities for direct solar gain through controlled north-facing clerestory windows; • Concrete slab on ground acting as heat-sink in winter/cooler months; • Maximising the opportunities for natural cross ventilation (cooling) via use of operable windows; • Use of solar voltaics to run ceiling sweep fans and lights; • Use of low-embodied energy materials and construction systems, such as radially sawn timber cladding, light timber framing and local limestone; • Screening of south-westerly winds to external dining/courtyard areas; • Airconditioning (heating & cooling systems) to be supplementary to natural systems and of evaporative cooling type with gas heating; • Waste disposal will be deep sewerage to minimize any risk of spillage; • Use of deciduous (vine) plantings for shade in courtyard area; • Minimal storage of roof-harvested rainwater. Stormwater will generally be encouraged to infiltrate and recharge the groundwater table by use of water-sensitive design measures such as retention basins and infiltration swales; and • The building will employ a combination of insect screens to openings and ceiling fans to provide air movement to overcome the mosquito and other insect problems.

7.0 Summary of Management Strategies Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

The potential environmental impacts stemming from the construction and operation of the Luisini Winery Project and the manner in which they will be managed have been summarised in Table 3.

Table 3: Summary of Management Recommendations Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) LANDFORM, GEOLOGY AND SOILS Site To ensure that any previous site 1. Use best practice procedures during the construction phase of the If needed, site DE Contamination contamination does not adversely affect the development. Analyse and validate all imported fill for remediation works environment, or the health and well-being of contamination. will be undertaken workers or patrons to the Luisini Winery prior to project construction.

Soil Erosion To minimise soil erosion and waterbody 2. Areas cleared for development will not be left as bare soil for longer Construction siltation associated with construction and than necessary. operation of the Luisini Winery project. 3. Temporary erosion control methods could be implemented if Construction needed. 4. The creation of steep slopes on the site will be minimised to reduce Design and the likelihood of soil erosion due to particle entrainment in surface Construction run-off. 5. Water-sensitive design measures in landscaping, building design Design and drainage design will be used to ensure that surface run-off volume and velocity are minimised. 6. Sediment traps will be used in the drainage system for hard-stand Design areas such as carparks.

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) 7. Appropriate dust suppression will be undertaken during periods of Construction high winds, or at other times as necessary. 8. Appropriate measures will be employed to reduce soil erosion from the demonstration vineyard. These may include sediment traps, use of mulch, loose stones or a cover crop between vine rows, prompt planting of vines, and having vine rows parallel to surface contours. WATER Groundwater To maintain and where possible improve the 1. The recommended wastewater disposal system on environmental Construction Water Quality quality of groundwater in the vicinity of the grounds is for connection to the Water Corporation sewer, and Corporation, Luisini Winery site, and avoid further installation of a private pumping station. If on-site treatment of WRC, pollution or nutrient enrichment of the effluent is to be employed, the National Trust will need to liaise Department groundwater supply. closely with the Water and Rivers Commission, Department of of Health, Health, and the City of Joondalup. City of Joondalup 2. Appropriate gross pollutant traps, oil interceptors or separators and Design WRC grease traps will be installed within the plumbing network and the stormwater drainage network. 3. Runoff from all paved areas will be captured and treated for Design WRC pollutants using gross pollutant and sediment trapping devices, and oil interceptors, to minimise adverse impacts on water quality. The most appropriate types of interceptors and traps will be specified by the engineering consultants for the project. 4. A licenced liquid waste transporter will be appointed to organise a Prior to operation DE permit under the Controlled Waste Regulations and remove collected liquid waste on a regular basis. The frequency of liquid waste removal will be arranged once the designs have been finalised and an accurate estimate of waste types and volumes has been ascertained. 5. Plants that require low fertiliser input will be preferentially selected Design for use in landscaping.

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) 6. If fertilisers are used on the site, the amounts used will be kept to a Operation minimum and will be organic where possible. 7. As far as possible, organic farming or permaculture methods Operation WRC should be used in the demonstration orchard to minimise the application of fertiliser, pesticides and fungicides. Any pesticides, herbicides or fungicides that are used will be compatible with the location of the site near a sensitive wetland environment (e.g., Roundup Bioactive). Methods such as soil analysis, application of mulch and fertigation will be used to ensure that the minimum necessary amount of nutrients are applied. 8. The demonstration orchard will use the most efficient irrigation Operation WRC practices possible, which will reduce nutrient loss and minimise the amount of water extracted from the water resource. Techniques could include: • dripper irrigation • regular maintenance of the irrigation system • use of stormwater runoff from roof areas • scheduling of irrigation according to local conditions and stage of vine development Groundwater Flow To maintain current groundwater flow 9. Water sensitive design principles will be incorporated within the Design WRC Regimes regimes and groundwater levels. stormwater drainage system for the carparks and buildings. These could include linear, vegetated swales, porous asphalt or concrete pavements in the carpark, and collection and storage of roof runoff for later release or use. 10. Efficient irrigation practices will be used throughout the site to Operation WRC ensure that the use of groundwater is minimised. 11. If compaction occurs on the grounds of the site due to construction Post-construction vehicles (in areas where buildings will not be constructed) this will be remedied once the building is complete. Remediation methods will depend on the extent of compaction, and could include ripping or tilling of the ground. 12. Vehicles will be restricted to designated areas on the site. Construction

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) Wetlands To maintain and where possible enhance the 13. Liquid waste and solid waste disposal from the site will be carefully Operation DE conservation and habitat values of Lake managed to ensure that groundwater and surface water quality are Goollelal, to maintain and where possible not compromised. improve water quality within the lake, and maintain existing wetland values and attributes. 14. Installation of deep sewerage will ensure that there will be no Construction Water leakage of nutrients from waste generated by the development into Corporation the groundwater. 15. Fertiliser use will be kept to a minimum by using species Operation indigenous to the area and using plants that will require minimal nutrient input. 16. Herbicide use will be kept to a minimum, and will be directly applied Operation to weeds rather than sprayed over large areas. 17. Any herbicides used will be compatible with the site’s location near Operation a wetland area, and will not contain surfactants that could interfere with biological processes in wetland areas. 18. Water-sensitive design principles aimed at conserving water and Design WRC maximising infiltration will be employed throughout the site, so that there should be no increase in stormwater input to Lake Goollelal. 19. The surface water drainage system will include sediment traps, Design WRC gross pollutant traps and oil interceptors to ensure that these pollutants do not enter stormwater. 20. Artificial feeding of birds will be discouraged using signage. Operation 21. A buffer zone of at least 50 metres from the edge of the wetland Construction vegetation will be delineated and marked, and construction vehicles, machinery and personnel will be restricted from this area. 22. No water will be abstracted from the wetland or pumped into the Construction wetland during construction.

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) 23. Revegetation of the fringing wetland vegetation should be Ongoing DCLM, DPI considered in the area near Luisini Winery where fringing Melaleuca woodland vegetation has been cleared. This will aid in filtering nutrients and sediment and in providing habitat for flora and fauna. Surface Water To maintain and where possible improve 24. Gross pollutant, sediment and hydrocarbon traps will be included in Design WRC Quality surface water quality in the vicinity of the the drainage design of carparking areas. Luisini Winery site, and avoid further pollution or nutrient enrichment of Lake Goollelal. 25. Liquid waste from hydrocarbon interceptors will be removed by a Operation DE licenced liquid waste transporter. 26. Nutrient, herbicide, pesticide and fungicide use will be kept to a Operation minimum, and will be applied so as to minimise the risk of pollution to surface and ground water. Non-chemical means of weed control will be used where possible. Surface Water To maintain existing surface water flow 27. The use of water sensitive design Best Management Practices Design WRC Flow Regimes regimes and ensure that the volume and (BMPs) will ensure that the volume of stormwater generated from velocity of stormwater run-off from the site is the site is minimised. optimised. 28. Alterations to the topography of the site will be kept to a minimum, Design, and will be undertaken only where required for the construction of Construction the building. 29. Drip irrigation will be used in landscaped areas to minimise First two years after evaporation and run-off. Drip irrigation for areas to be revegetated revegetation works will be in place only until seedlings have become established, which is likely to be for about two years. 30. Mulch will be regularly applied to reduce evaporation and surface Operation water run-off.

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) 31. The most efficient irrigation practices possible will be used on the Operation WRC demonstration vineyard, to minimise surface water run-off and water use. 32. Where practical and possible, scheme water restrictions will be Operation Water complied with, except during establishment of lawn when a greater Corporation frequency of watering will be required. FLORA AND VEGETATION Disturbance to To improve the condition of remnant 1. The majority of planting done on the site, including landscaping Design Vegetation vegetation on the Luisini Winery site, works, will consist of indigenous species native to the area. increase the integrity of remnant vegetation around Lake Goollelal, and ensure that disturbance to vegetation as a result of increase visitation by people is kept to a minimum. 2. During construction, remnant vegetation and the scattered large Construction Flooded Gums and Marris in the grassed areas will be clearly flagged and a buffer area around trees and vegetation delineated so that vehicles and machinery do not cause damage. 3. Revegetation works will be clearly signposted, with instructions for Revegetation members of the public not to enter areas where restoration is underway. 4. All material used in landscaping or revegetation (such as mulch, Revegetation plants and topsoil) that is imported onto the site must be certified as free from Phytophthora cinnamomi (the fungus that causes dieback disease) and weed seeds and propagules. Weed Invasion To reduce the incidence of weeds on the 5. Weed control methods must take account of the proximity to Lake Operation and and Weed Control Luisini Winery site, and use environmentally- Goollelal and the high environmental values of the area. revegetation sustainable methods of weed control on the site.

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) 6. All herbicides used in revegetation and landscape works will be Operation and approved for use in environmentally sensitive areas. Non-chemical revegetation means of weed control will be used wherever possible in preference to the use of herbicides. Non-chemical means include hand-weeding and use of pressurised hot water. 7. Regular treatment of weeds in revegetation areas will be Ongoing DCLM undertaken to ensure that the condition of remnant vegetation is maintained and improved. 8. Weed control works should commence in areas in the best Ongoing condition, and move slowly into areas in progressively worse condition. 9. Revegetation and weed control works will be undertaken in Ongoing DCLM association with local community groups and Friends groups, and will be coordinated by the National Trust. 10. All material used in rehabilitation and landscaping works, such as Revegetation mulch and topsoil, must be certified as weed-seed free. 11. Topsoil cleared from the site beneath weed-infested areas will not Construction be reused in rehabilitation or landscaping works. 12. Remnant vegetation on the site will be fenced during construction, Construction and vehicles will be restricted to designated areas. 13. Known environmental weeds or invasive species will not be used in Design landscape plantings. 14. The grounds and nearby remnant vegetation will be checked yearly Ongoing for the first three years after the first fruiting of any theme plantings (e.g. olives) and every two years after that for seedlings of any species planted in the grounds that may escape. If any escaped species are found, these will be removed using the most appropriate method. If the frequency of “escapes” is high, theme plantings may have to be reconsidered, or a maintenance regime put in place to collect fruits from trees.

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) 15. Grassed areas will be given a defined edge (or mowing trim, such Design as paving) and delineated from the rest of the site to ensure that the grass does not spread. FAUNA AND FAUNA HABITAT Disturbance to To minimise disturbance to native fauna 1. The feasibility of constructing a viewing platform should be At future stage DCLM Fauna resulting from the construction and operation investigated in liaison with the Department of Conservation of Land when dual-use path of the Luisini Winery project. Management. Construction should not occur in spring, when many is constructed species breed. Disturbance to migratory species of waders should also be minimised. Waders may occur in the area from November to April. 2. If construction of viewing platform is feasible, signs will be put in At future stage DCLM place around the viewing platform asking people not to feed when dual-use path waterbirds, and providing information on the adverse environmental is constructed effects of artificial feeding. 3. Signage, bag dispensers and bins will be installed. Signs will Operation DCLM instruct dog owners to keep pets on their leashes, and to collect and dispose of any droppings using plastic bags and bins provided on the site. 4. Kitchen waste storage and disposal will comply with City of Operation City of Joondalup and Department of Health regulations for restaurants, so Joondalup, that all waste will be covered and secured. Department of Health BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION VALUES Yellagonga To ensure that management of the Luisini 1. The development will conform to the principles for recreational Ongoing DCLM Regional Park Winery is compatible with management developments outlined in the Yellagonga Regional Park objectives for the Yellagonga Regional Park. Management Plan. The National Trust will continue to liaise with the Department of Conservation and Land Management, who are responsible for co-ordinating management of the Regional Park, to ensure that environmental management strategies are compatible with those employed in adjacent sections of the Lake Goollelal reserve.

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) Conservation To maintain and where possible enhance the 2. Contact with the regulatory authorities, including DE, DCLM, WRC, Ongoing DE, DCLM, Values conservation values of the Luisini Winery Water Corporation, Department of Health, DPI and City of WRC, Water site. Joondalup will be maintained to ensure that environmental Corporation, management strategies are in place that address the concerns of Department each of these agencies. of Health, DPI, City of Joondalup 3. The Environmental Management Plan for the site will be revised Every five years every five years. NON-CHEMICAL EMISSIONS Waste To minimise waste production, maximise 1. All recyclable consumables used during the operation of the Operation waste recycling, and ensure that was is development, such as glass, plastic, paper and aluminium, will be disposed of appropriately. recycled. 2. General waste reduction principles will be adhered to in order to Operation reduce the volume of waste material from the site, and particularly the volume of non-recyclable waste material. 3. Kitchen scraps and other organic waste will be disposed of in Operation accordance with standard Department of Health and City of Joondalup regulations on restaurant operation. 4. Construction waste will be transported off-site by the builder, and Construction disposed of in an appropriate way. Construction waste will not be left on site longer than necessary. Noise To minimise noise impacts on surrounding 5. Herring Storer Acoustics will undertake an Acoustics Assessment After design details DE residents. for the site, tailored to the requirements of the buildings. The are complete Acoustics Assessment will ensure that the building complies with the appropriate regulations and by-laws on noise.

LANDSCAPE

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) Visual Amenity To minimise the visual impact associated 1. Landscaping works will be designed to complement the existing Design with the Luisini Winery development. natural setting and the buildings. This will include the use of predominantly indigenous species in landscaping, limited and bordered areas of grass, tree pruning and rehabilitation of existing, degraded bushland. 2. Architectural works will be designed to complement the existing Design setting, and will result in minimal visual obstruction to residents. 3. Carparking areas and access roads will be partially screened using Design trees and low level shrub planting. CULTURAL HERITAGE Aboriginal Culture To provide educational material on 1. Information on Aboriginal culture and the Aboriginal heritage of the Design and and Heritage Aboriginal culture and heritage as it relates Joondalup area and Lake Goollelal in particular will be included as operation to the Lake Goollelal and Joondalup area, part of educational displays within the Luisini Winery museum. and increase understanding of Aboriginal This will include reference to the Wesley Mission Farm that was culture and heritage. present in the area in the 1800s. European To provide educational material on the 2. Restoration of the buildings will take place according to the Winery restoration Heritage European heritage of the Lake Goollelal and principles outlined in the Luisini Winery Conservation Plan Wanneroo area, and enhance public (Palassis Architects, 1996: 78) with reference to the Burra Charter. understanding settler heritage. 3. Building works will be carried out with the service of a recognised Winery restoration conservation architect as a consultant where required. 4. Site works involving any excavation, or any other works which may Winery restoration affect areas defined as archaeologically significant, should be carried out with the services of an experienced archaeologist. 5. Subsequent to conservation of the Luisini Winery buildings, the Ongoing recommended maintenance and inspection schedule detailed in the Conservation Plan will be followed. 6. During restoration and redevelopment works, the site will be Winery restoration securely fenced with locked gates, and any break-ins will be and Construction documented. Clearly visible warning signs should be placed around the perimeter to deter break-ins.

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY Mosquitoes To minimise the health risk and nuisance 1. The National Trust will contribute towards mosquito control in Lake Ongoing City of factor associated with mosquitoes at the site. Goollelal using natural, sustainable methods. Joondalup 2. Mosquito-repellent strategies should be incorporated within the Design and building design where possible. operation Midges To minimise the nuisance factor associated 3. Precautions to reduce midge activity at the site will be taken where Design with midges at the site. possible, including the use of dark colours on the buildings, shielding light from the restaurant onto the lake, use of sodium lights rather than white lights if the buildings and carparks are to be illuminated at night, efficient stormwater and nutrient management and ensuring that all kitchen waste is covered and rubbish disposal areas are kept clean and tidy. 4. Revegetation of a buffer strip of wetland vegetation adjacent to the Ongoing DCLM sedgeland should be considered, as it would increase the conservation value of the lake overall, and would also reduce midge numbers. 5. The National Trust will contribute towards midge control in Lake Ongoing City of Goollelal using natural, sustainable methods. Joondalup Access and Traffic To minimise impacts of additional traffic on 6. Carparks will be locked with boom gates when the museum and Operation neighbouring residents, and reduce the risk restaurant are not in use. of vandalism. 7. Access will be maintained in the historical location adjacent the old Operation building for service and emergency use only. Fire To minimise the risk of unplanned fire at the 8. The carpark to the Luisini Winery will be locked when the museum Operation site, and ensure that any burnt vegetation is and restaurant are not open. protected and able to regenerate if a fire occurs.

Issue Management Management Timing Advice (if Objective Strategy required) 9. Pre-suppression (or fire risk reduction) and post-suppression Ongoing FESA, activities will be the responsibility of the National Trust, which will DCLM ensure that fuel loading around the winery and museum development is kept as low as possible, by regular mowing of grassed areas and maintenance of any open, grassy areas within the site. Weed control will also be employed to reduce fuel loads. 10. If a fire occurs within bushland on the site, the National Trust will As required FESA, contribute to restoration works following fire. This will include DCLM restricting access to burnt areas for the first six to twelve months, planting of seedlings if required, and follow-up weed control works. Vineyard To ensure that activities carried out on the 11. Reduction of wind borne dust will be ensured by undertaking Operation demonstration vineyard do not adversely cultivation, mowing and flailing when soil is moist and during light affect residents. wind conditions. 12. Conditioned organic manures will be used in place of Operation unconditioned organic manures. 13. Any spraying of pesticides, herbicides or fungicides will be targeted Operation at individual plants and will occur only in light wind conditions to control spray drift. 14. Appropriate nutrient management strategies and drainage Operation WRC strategies will be adopted to reduce the risk of excess nutrient leaching into wetlands or groundwater and adding to the midge and mosquito problem in the area. 15. An acoustics assessment will be undertaken to ensure that Prior to construction appropriate guidelines for noise are set. SUSTAINABILITY Building and To showcase environmentally sustainable 1. The new buildings will maximise opportunities for environmental Design Landscape building design and minimise the use of sustainability and resource conservation. Design renewable and non-renewable resources associated with the development.

References Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

Asset Research (2001) Redevelopment Study and Recommendations – The Luisini Winery. Unpublished report prepared for the National Trust of Western Australia

Bamford MJ and Bamford AR (1990) Yellagonga Regional Park: A Preliminary Survey of Vertebrate Fauna. Report for the Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, Western Australia.

Bradley J (1971) Bush Regeneration. Mosman Parklands and Ashton Park Association, Sydney.

Bradley J (1988) Bringing Back the Bush: the Bradley Method of Bush Regeneration. Landsdowne Press. Sydney.

Brittain R (1990) Yellagonga Regional Park: Enthnography Position Paper. Unpublished report to the City of Wanneroo. Kidd & Povey Architects, Yokine.

Churchward HM and McArthur WM (1980) Landforms and Soils of the Darling System Western Australia. In Department of Conservation and Environment, Atlas of Natural Resources, Darling System, Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Environment, Perth, Western Australia.

City of Joondalup (2000) City of Joondalup District Planning Scheme No. 2.

Davies PM and Lane JAK (1975) Guidelines for Design of Effective Buffers for the Swan Coastal Plain. Report to Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Canberra.

DCLM (Department of Conservation and Land Management) (1999) Environmental Weed Strategy for Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, Western Australia.

DCLM (Department of Conservation and Land Management), City of Joondalup, City of Wanneroo (2003). Yellagonga Regional Park Management Plan 2003 – 2013.

DEP (Department of Environmental Protection) (2001a) Outline of the Liquid Waste Regulations. Draft for comment. Controlled Waste Guideline Series.

DEP (Department of Environmental Protection) (2001b) Outline of the Controlled Waste Regulations. Draft for comment. Controlled Waste Guideline Series.

Ecologia (1998) Lake Goollelal Management Plan Unpublished Report for the City of Wanneroo, May 1998.

EPA (Environmental Protection Authority) (1992) Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Lakes) Policy 1992.

EPA (Environmental Protection Authority) (1992) Environmental Protection (Gnangara Mound Crown Land) Policy 1992.

EPA (Environmental Protection Authority) (1999) Draft Environmental Protection (Swan Coastal Plain Wetlands) Policy 1999.

EPA (Environmental Protection Authority) (1999) Review of the Environmental Protection (Gnangara Mound Crown Land) Policy 1992.

EPA (Environmental Protection Authority) (2000) Guidance Statement for Management of Mosquitoes by Land Developers. Guidance for the Assessment of Environmental Factors No. 40. Environmental Protection Authority, Perth, Western Australia.

Government of Western Australia (1997) Wetlands Conservation Policy for Western Australia. Government of Western Australia, Perth.

Government of Western Australia (2000) Bush Forever. Department of Environmental Protection, Perth, Western Australia.

Heddle EM, Loneragan OW and Havel JJ (1980) Vegetation complexes of the Darling System Western Australia. In Department of Conservation and Environment, Atlas of Natural Resources Darling System Western Australia. Department of Conservation and Environment, Perth, Western Australia.

Hill AL, Semeniuk CA, Semeniuk V and Del Marco A (1996) Wetlands of the Swan Coastal Plain Volume 2b Wetland Mapping, Classification and Evaluation, Wetland Atlas. Water and Rivers Commission and Department of Environmental Protection, Perth, Western Australia.

Metropolitan Water Supply, Sewerage and Drainage Act 1909

MPL (2003) Stage 1 and Stage 2 Environmental Site Assessment – Luisini Winery, Lots 41- 45 Lakeway Drive, Kingsley, W.A. Unpublished Report Prepared for Ecoscape Project Number: EN 2315101, March, 2003.

Mulloway and Paul Kloeden (2002) Luisini Winery Interpretation Plan. Unpublished report prepared for the National Trust of Western Australia.

Palassis Architects (1996) Luisini Winery Conservation Plan. Unpublished report prepared for the Western Australian Planning Commission.

Regeneration Technology (2002) Yellagonga Regional Park Weed Control and Revegetation Plan, Unpublished Report for the Department of Conservation and Land Management, May 2002.

Royal Australian Ornithologists Union (RAOU) (1996) Database of Western Australian Birds Project. RAOU Tracking Database.

Semeniuk CA (1996) Natural wetland groups in the Perth to Bunbury region. In Hill AL, Semeniuk CA, Semeniuk V and Del Marco S (eds) Wetlands of the Swan Coastal Plain. Volume 2a, Chapter 4: 60-73. Water and Rivers Commission and the Department of Environmental Protection.

WRC (Water and Rivers Commission) (1997) Perth Groundwater Atlas. Water and Rivers Commission, Perth, Western Australia.

WRC (Water and Rivers Commission) (2001a) Water and Rivers Commission Position Statement: Wetlands. June, 2001.

WRC (Water and Rivers Commission) (2001b) Draft Water Quality Protection Policy No. X: Policy and Guidelines for Recreation and General Access on Crown Land within Public Drinking Water Source Areas and Other Water Source Catchments. Water and Rivers Commission, Water Quality Protection Policies No. X.

WRC (Water and Rivers Commission) (2002) Land Use Compatibility in Public Drinking Water Source Areas (Draft). Water Quality Protection Note.

WAWA Water Authority of Western Australia) (1995) Review of Proposed Changes to Environmental Conditions. Gnangara Mound Groundwater Resources (Section 46), Water Authority of Western Australia).

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WAPC (Western Australian Planning Commission) (2002) Metropolitan Region Scheme Text. Perth, Western Australia.

WAPC (Western Australian Planning Commission) and WRC (Water and Rivers Commission) (2001) Gnangara Land Use and Water Management Strategy Final Report. Western Australian Planning Commission, Perth, Western Australia.

WAWRC (Western Australian Water Resources Council) (1991) Safeguarding our water resources: Perth to Bunbury draft regional allocation plan. Perth.

Whelans and Halpern Glick Maunsell (1994) Planning and Management Guidelines for Water Sensitive Urban (Residential) Design. Report prepared for the Department of Planning and Urban Development, the Water Authority of Western Australia and the Environmental Protection Authority.

Appendix One: Community Consultation Documents Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

Luisini Winery Project EMP

Appendix Two: Water Level Fluctuation in Lake Goollelal Luisini Winery Environmental Management Plan

6162517 LAKES AND WETLANDS LAKE GOOLLELAL 459 Easting = 387838.00 Northing = 6479242.00 Zone = 50 PM = 29.959mAHD WIN SITE ID = 14538 X = Good Record. O = Satisfactory Record. V = W ater Level is Above the Datum. Q = W ater Level is Below the Reading.

28.00 Datums: AHD = Australian Height Datum. GL = Ground Level. SLE = Standard Level Elevation. () = none. References: TOC = Top of Casing. GL = Ground Level. PM = Permanent Mark. TOVAL = Top of Valve. () = none.

27.50

27.00

LEVEL AHD(m) LEVEL 26.50

Summer Pref. Min = 26.2

26.00 Summer Abs. Min = 26

01/01/1951 23/06/1956 14/12/1961 06/06/1967 26/11/1972 19/05/1978 09/11/1983 01/05/1989 22/10/1994 13/04/2000 25.50 Data supplied by DATE the Water and Rivers Commission

Appendix Three: Search of Register of Aboriginal Sites Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

Luisini Winery Project EMP

Appendix Four: Bradley Method of Bush Regeneration Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan

The aim of bush regeneration by the Bradley Method is the systematic removal of weeds to allow native plants to re-establish themselves when and where they choose. This method does not involve replanting – simply the gradual removal of weeds so that no large openings are made. This makes the Bradley method ideal for many situations, such as where native plants are able to colonise the site by seeds or vegetative means, areas sensitive to erosion and areas likely to be over-used.

UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES 1. Always work from areas with native plants towards weed-infested areas. This makes good ecological sense. If you are relying on natural regeneration then choose areas that will contain the maximum number of existing native plants and native plant seeds, and minimal weed seeds and vegetative reproductive organs of weeds.

2. Make minimal disturbance. Application of this principal depends on the native species to regenerate. Many plant communities (both weeds and native) need disturbed and sunlit soil for successful regeneration. However, by following the 1st principle above, any weed regeneration should be minimised. Any soil that is disturbed should be returned in its original layers, thus ensuring that any native seed stored in the soil will still be on top. This principle also applies to the application of natural plant mulch in the work area – where a gap is left as a result of weeding, it is recommended that mulch from surrounding areas be added to the gap. This helps to minimise weed regeneration.

3. Let native plant regeneration dictate the rate of weed removal. The ability to follow this principle may depend on the amount of time and money committed to a particular project. If few weeds and many native plants regenerate, or if the ground remains weed free, little time will need to be spent re-weeding a site, allowing time to be spent on other sites. If masses of weeds regenerate then a lot of time will be required re- weeding so that regenerating native plants can flourish.

DEVELOPING WORK PLANS 1. Prevent deterioration of good areas. Start by removing weeds scattered through otherwise clean bush. Practically no follow up work will be needed, but it should be checked once or twice a year.

2. Improve the next best area. Once you are confident you have prevented deterioration of better condition bush, you can start work on thicker patches of weed. Choose a place you can visit easily and often, where thick native growth is pushing up against weeds, preferably no worse than one weed species to every two native plant species. Start with a strip approximately 12 feet wide and no longer than can be managed with monthly weeding days. If the area to be cleared of weeds runs up a slope which may erode, clear a number of smaller patches instead.

3. Hold the advantage gained. Resist the temptation to push deeper into the weeds before regenerating natives have stabilised each cleared area. The natives do not need to be very tall, but they usually need to form an almost complete ground cover. Weeds will always nearly keep germinating until this is achieved. These newly regenerated areas are most vulnerable to weed reinvasion and so must be re-weeded as required. If weeding occurs adjacent to the regenerating area prior to sufficient new cover light from adjacent cleared patches can affect the regeneration of natives.

4. Cautiously move into the really bad areas. When new growth coming up consists almost entirely of native plants with only a few weeds among them, it is safe to move deeper into the weeds. Keep working along the regeneration boundary, making new clearings smaller as the weeds get more dense.

WEEDING TECHNIQUES

1. Disturb the soil as little as possible. All tools used for weeding programmes should be small, such as a broad boning knife, trowels, secateurs, pliers (for pulling roots), loppers, hatchet and small saws. This recommendation is based on the belief that using small tools will cause minimum soil disturbance and minimal damage to the roots and shoots of nearby native plants.

2. Sweep back the mulch surface. Any weeding will disturb the ground litter and soil will be exposed. Repair the damage as you go, by pushing back as much mulch as possible. It is often helpful to sweep aside mulch prior to removing large plants, so that it can easily be redistributed when you have finished removing the plant.

3. Mulch with the weeds themselves. Weeds removed can be used to add to existing mulch. In dry areas leaving the weed with its roots exposed will be sufficient to kill it. In moist areas, hanging the weeds on nearby native vegetation will allow them to dry out and die. Some items are unsuitable for mulch, and these are removed from the site. Such items include bulbs and tubers, plants that root at every node and free-seeders with ripe seed.

4. Watch where you put your feet. Be careful how you move through the bush. A small weeding party moving through thick bush single file can open up a track. Efforts should be made to not walk on the same paths all the time, and to watch where you walk to ensure you are not trampling native vegetation.

Appendix Five: Letter from Herring Storer Acoustics Luisini Winery Project Environmental Management Plan