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Through Indiana by Stagecoach and Canal Boat: the 1843 Travel Journal of Charles H

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Through Indiana by Stagecoach and Canal Boat: the 1843 Travel Journal of Charles H Through Indiana by Stagecoach and Canal Boat: The 1843 Travel Journal of Charles H. Titus Edited by George P. Clark* On an April day in 1841, a promising season for a pilgrimage, a young Methodist schoolteacher from Monmouth, Kennebec County, Maine, set off for Greencastle, Indiana, in the distant Western Country. Charles H. Titus was accompanied by his fian- cee, Martha Dunn, and the couple was appropriately chaperoned by Professor William C. Larrabee and his wife Harriet, the elder sister of Martha. Attractive prospects awaited them at the end of their difficult journey. Larrabee, an 1828 graduate of Bowdoin Col- lege in Brunswick, Maine, and a distinguished professor at Maine Wesleyan Seminary at Kent’s Hill in Readfield, was traveling to Indiana to become professor of mathematics and natural science at recently founded Indiana Asbury (now DePauw) University;’ and * George P. Clark is professor emeritus of English, Hanover College, Hanover, Indiana. A member of the Canal Society of Indiana, Clark assisted in the society’s production of the slide-tape program, “Indiana’s Canal Heritage.” The editor is in- debted to the Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, California, for permission to publish the 1843 travel journal of Charles H. Titus (manuscript HM 29181) and to quote from “Account of a Trip from New York to Indiana” (HM 29179); Charles H. Titus to Martha H. Titus, May 14, 1843 (HM 29180); “Dates and Reminiscences, 1845” (HM 29182); and “Madison Male and Female Seminary,” broadside (RB 229851). For generous assistance in developing information about Charles H. Titus, thanks are extended to Robert W. Williams 111, secretary, and Roberta Hankamer, librarian, Grand Lodge of Masons in Massachusetts, Boston; Johanna Herring, ar- chivist, Wabash College, Crawfordsville, Indiana; Wes Wilson, coordinator of ar- chives, DePauw University, Greencastle, Indiana; Walter Font, curator, Allen County/Fort Wayne Historical Society, Fort Wayne, Indiana; Nancy Weirich, li- brarian, Tippecanoe County Historical Association, Lafayette, Indiana; John H. Rhodehamel, assistant American history curator, Huntington Library; E. R. Gray 111, Bartholomew County surveyor, and his associate, Daniel P. Rice, Columbus, Indiana; Helen Rowel1 and Fran Kenney, Bartholomew County Historical Society, Columbus, Indiana. Special thanks go to Shirley Ellen Clark for editorial assist- ance. 1 Founded by the Indiana Conference of the Methodist Church, Indiana Asbury University received its charter from the Indiana General Assembly in 1837. The name was changed to DePauw in 1884. The Larrabees occupy a distinguished place in the history of Indiana Asbury, the Methodist church, and public education in INDIANA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY, LXXXV (September, 1989). “1989, Trustees of Indiana University. 194 Indiana Magazine of History Titus, after desultory study in several seminaries in Maine, was going to I.A.U. to complete his degree under the aegis of Larrabee- and under the watchful eye of Martha. The three-week journey to Indiana included every kind of pub- lic transportation then available. The group traveled by steamboat from Portland, Maine, to Boston; from Boston “in the cars” (by rail- road) to Worcester and New London; thence by steamboat on Long Island Sound to New York, where (as Titus unhelpfully recorded) they “saw little except for the streets and buildings.”2From New York they went by boat to Amboy, New Jersey, then to Philadel- phia, where they paused to rest and take in “Peale’s Museum & Dunn’s ditto.” From Philadelphia they traveled to Harrisburg by railroad. Here they interrupted their journey with a side trip of three days to visit Dickinson College at Carlisle. Returning to Har- risburg by rail, they began their passage through the Allegheny Mountains to Pittsburgh. Surprisingly, it was possible for them to go almost the entire distance by the Pennsylvania canal system. At Hollidaysburg they were carried by the Allegheny Portage Rail- road thirty-six miles over the mountains in a frightening snow- storm to Johnstown where they resumed travel on the canal to Pitt~burgh.~It was April 13 when they “started in the splendid steam boat Lebanon” down the Ohio to Cincinnati where the Le- banon paused a day and they were able to go ashore. The river journey then continued to Louisville, a “very flourishing place,” where they took the steamboat Orleans for the remainder of the voyage down the Ohio to its confluence with the Wabash; steamed up the Wabash to Terre Haute; then, as Titus concludes his itin- erary, traveled ‘%y stage 35 miles to Greencastle Ia. [Indiana] where we arrived Apr. 23d 1841.” Within a week after arriving in Greencastle, Titus was ap- pointed tutor of languages in the Preparatory School of Indiana Asbury and at the same time was admitted to the senior class of the university. On September 14, 1842, he received his diploma Indiana. William C. Larrabee, in addition to his professorship, was acting president of the university in 184S1849 and in 1852 was elected Indiana’s first state super- intendent of public instruction. Harriet Larrabee founded the Greencastle Female Collegiate Seminary and was a leader in higher education for women. See George B. Manhart, DePauw Through the Years (2 vols., Greencastle, Ind., 1962), I, 8, 31- 33, 75-76. 2 Charles H. Titus, “Account of a Trip from New York to Indiana,” manuscript HM 29179 (Huntington Library, San Marino, California). The Allegheny Portage Railroad moved canal-boat trains over the mountain by a series of five ascending and five descending inclined planes. This ingenious feat of engineering is explained in William H. Shank, The Amazing Pennsylvania Ca- nals (York, Pa., 1981), 30-39. In 1842 Charles Dickens took the same route by canal boat and steamer from Harrisburg to Cincinnati and Louisville. His lively descrip- tion of the perilous crossing on the Allegheny Portage Railroad is given in chapter ten of American Notes (1842; New York, 1985), 139-40. Reproduced from Abstract of Procpedmgs of the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts (Boston, 18731, 378. 196 Indiana Magazine of History from the president, the Reverend Matthew Simpson, and that eve- ning was married by Simpson to Martha D~nn.~Soon thereafter the young couple made their way by stage to Madison, Indiana, where Titus was to become superintendent of the newly founded Madison Male and Female Seminary. This position was apparently offered him through his friendship with the Reverend Edward R. Ames, also from Maine, who had close ties to Indiana Asbury and who had come to Madison in 1838 as preacher and director of af- fairs in the Madison Charge. (He was later to become a prominent Methodist bishopJ5 Though the Indiana Constitution of 1816 had mandated free public schools for all children, the General Assembly did not appro- priate sufficient funds to establish such a system, and education of the time was commonly offered by privately operated or denomi- national schools and “seminaries.” Madison supported several com- peting seminaries at the time that Titus and his bride arrived to begin their new employment. Among them were the Upper Semi- nary, built in 1838; the school of Mr. and Mrs. E. Levy; and Madi- son Young Ladies’ Seminary, operated by William Twining, all of which were well established before the Tituses came on the scene.6 Further, the Tituses arrived in Madison at a time of considerable dissension among the Methodist community (largely, it seems, the result of debate over the role of music in the worship service). In 1841 the Third Street Charge, of which Ames was secretary, had separated from the Wesley Chapel because of “dislike to the Choir which exists in the old ~ongregation.”~One infers that members of the new congregation wished to sponsor a school answering to their convictions and that Ames brought Titus to Madison to direct it. The circumstances were hardly propitious for two downeasters to bring their learning (and their accents) to southern Indiana. Nonetheless, the Tituses approached the task with a confident professional air, as can be seen in the broadside that they issued to herald their coming. They promised a “thorough and extensive” 4 Titus happily noted this fact in “Dates and Reminiscences,” manuscript HM 29182 (Huntington Library). 5 Edward R. Ames was an influential member of the Indiana Asbury board of trustees during the university’s early years. He served as board president from 1854 to 1856. Ames was ordained a deacon in the Methodist church in 1832 and in that year was assigned to the Indiana Conference. He served the church in Indiana in a number of positions and charges throughout the years. “Bishop Ames,” The Na- tional Magazine, VII (November, 18551, 385-86; William Warren Sweet, Circuit- Rider Days in Zndiana (Indianapolis, 1916), 199; see also Manhart, DePauw Through the Years, I, 108, 113, 11, 533. John Vawter, “Early History of Madison,” April 13, 1950, typescript photo- copy, p. 5 (MadisonJefferson County Public Library, Madison, Indiana). See also Madison Courier, September 12, 1840, April 8, 1843. 7 “Minutes of the Third Street Charge,” Madison, Indiana, February 7, 1842, microfilm (MadisonJefferson County Public Library). JMADZSOW' Male and Female SEMINARY: UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENCE OF THE REV. CHARLES li, TITUS! A. Bq AND HIS LADY. It is the intention of the Teachers, in establishing this Seminary, to make it second to none of itEl kind in the State, and one in which public confidence can implicitly be plnced. The coursc of study will be thorough and extensive; such as shall properly qualify young Ladies and Gentlemen for the active businiss of life; such as shall prepare young men for entering college, or if they should prefer it, such as shall enable them to successfully piirme and complete any of the college course. Those who may wish to prepare for tenching, will receive especial instruction for that purpose.
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