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RZ Turnkey Projekt Bangkok 02.04.2004 18:22 Uhr Seite 1 Turnkey Review Turnkey RZ_Turnkey Projekt Bangkok 02.04.2004 18:22 Uhr Seite 1 Turnkey Review Turnkey The Bangkok Transit System, Thailand Turnkey Project RZ_Turnkey Projekt Bangkok 02.04.2004 18:22 Uhr Seite 2 An efficient urban transit system for the future Chronic traffic jam in Bangkok The intersection of Silom and Sukhumvit lines near Siam station (central station) From 1995 to 1999 Siemens Transpor- New transportation structure tation Systems was responsible for for a better quality of life the successful implementation of the Bangkok Transit Systems (BTS) turn- Therefore, Bangkok had taken on the key project. During that time Siemens huge task of getting the traffic mov- Transportation Systems contributed ing again. Not by simply expanding substantially to the efficient solution road transport but by adding a railway of the following initial situation: infrastructure to attract road users to The breathtaking rise of Bangkok other modes of transportation. That to one of Asia’s prime economic lessened the traffic burden on the locations had posed a fundamental streets, cut exhaust emissions and problem to the city fathers: how to enhanced the quality of life in the city. ensure the mobility of the millions of people who had to travel in this boomtown every day. An efficient urban transit system – The foundation for economic upturn 82% of all daily journeys were by bus, car, motorbike or taxi. As a result, large parts of Bangkok’s infrastructure were congested and traffic jams were a daily hassle. The travel speed in Bangkok downtown Bangkok was generally less than 10 kph. Not only was com- muter mobility affected, but also the quality of everyday life. The situation had deteriorated to the point where Bangkok was suffering one of the highest levels of air pollution in the world. Besides that, the population of Bangkok had grown tremendously – and with it private car ownership. So it was no wonder that an efficient mass transit system was seen as vital for the further economic upturn of the city. RZ_Turnkey Projekt Bangkok 02.04.2004 18:22 Uhr Seite 3 The modern traffic solution – Bangkok Transit System BTS Milestones April 9, 1992 Concession agreement signed March 10, 1993 Turnkey tender documents released to five consortia July 15, 1994 Memorandum of Agreement awarding the turnkey construction to the Siemens-Italian Thai Consortium October 3, 1994 HRH the Crown Prince presides over the laying of the foundation stone February 28, 1995 Piling commenced at Ratchadamri Road July 4, 1995 Turnkey contract signed with Siemens-Italian Thai Consortium October 3, 1995 First segment erection at Ratchadamri Road October 2, 1996 Instruction to Commence after final settling of the financing April 17, 1998 Rollout of the first train at Siemens factory in Vienna, Austria May 1998 Start train test runs in Siemens Test Center Wildenrath, Germany Start training of BTSC operations personnel by Siemens October 1998 First train arrives in Bangkok, on-site tests of all subsystems begin January 1999 Completion of viaduct construction Construction of the viaduct without August 1999 Overall system testing period starts interruption of the traffic December 1999 Ready for public operation Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Piled foundations extend some The environment benefits (BMA) initiated three mass transit sys- 50 meters underground. This well tem projects. One of them represents proven construction technique is BTS is an environmentally sound the most advanced type of urban particularly suited to the difficult site solution for a congested city: railway, the Bangkok Transit System conditions and the requirement to • it reduces Bangkok’s precious space (BTS), an elevated heavy rail system save valuable space on the main city and road surface only minimally; running above the business district centers of Bangkok. • all cars are powered by electric of Bangkok. motors fed by an electrified third The bottom line: it’s a safe, comfort- Link with the entire railway rail, thus avoiding air pollution; able and, above all, fast urban transit system – and with the future • it incorporates a signaling system system. that allows automatic driving of Each 3-car train carries up to 1,100 the trains at optimum performance BTS comprises: passengers. Independent ridership and therefore energy-efficient • the Sukhumvit line, running studies show that BTS, running 3-car driving conditions; 16.8 km from On Nut to the or 6-car units from 5:00 a.m. to 12:00 • and power is recovered from Mo Chit Bus Terminal; midnight every day, attracts approxi- braking. • the Silom line, running 6.3 km mately 650,000 passengers daily and from the National Stadium to more than triples the average travel Sathorn Bridge; speed to 35 kph. • 23 stations, spaced at distances In the start-up phase, the transport of 600 m to 1,400 m; capacity is 22,500 passengers per • depot with stabling yard and hour and per direction (pphpd) for the workshop Sukhumvit line at a service interval • and an administration building of 2 minutes in peak periods. For the with control center. Silom line, the transport capacity is 13,500 pphpd. Space-saving construction in BTS will be linked with the other rail- cramped urban conditions: way systems being built in Bangkok. 12 m above grade The cars: comfortable and safe Trains operate on dual tracks directly Varies, but generally fixed to concrete plinths carried on All cars are air-conditioned and con- 12 meters a 9-meter-wide viaduct. Concrete nected by means of intercar gang- columns rising approximately ways. The passengers enjoy the 12 meters above the roadway median feeling of all-around comfort, safe support the single box viaduct girders. and quick transport. Typical column and viaduct Approximately 55 meters RZ_Turnkey Projekt Bangkok 02.04.2004 18:22 Uhr Seite 4 BTS – The success story Sound financing concept Siemens as consortium leader was responsible for the design, manufac- BMA recognized that it was no longer turing, installation and commissioning the role of governments to fund of all electrical and mechanical equip- infrastructure projects. Instead, the ment: Siam Commercial Bank, the German Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW) • Signaling and the IFC ensured the sound • Telecommunications financing of the project in terms of • Automatic fare collection cashflow and capital structure on a • Power supply system limited recourse basis. • SCADA system With the start of the commercial • 3rd rail system operation, BTSC derives all revenues • Trackwork from the operation of the two lines • Workshop equipment over a 30-year period. During the first • Building engineering services The 3-car train during the test runs in a five years of operation, Siemens • Rolling stock typical station with side platform remains responsible for maintenance of the system. When the 30-year Most of the design and manufacturing The concession for BTS was awarded concession ends, all the equipment activities happened in Europe. Before to Bangkok Mass Transit System Public becomes the property of the BMA shipment, the equipment went Company Ltd. (BTSC) on April 9, 1992. as part of a so-called BOT (build- through the factory tests to ensure a The turnkey construction contract for operate-transfer) model. smooth installation and commission- the Sukhumvit and Silom lines was ing process. The trains were tested awarded to the Siemens-Italian Thai in the Siemens Test Center Wilden- Consortium on July 4, 1995. rath, Germany, thus reducing the test Siemens, as the leader of the Con- time in Bangkok. sortium, was responsible for the E&M Siemens was also undertaking the works including the maintenance of planning and the execution of the the system during the first five years client’s operation staff training and and the system performance. finally the overall system tests. Italian Thai, responsible for the design All together, it took the consortium and construction of the civil works, is merely 4 1/2 years to implement this one of the biggest construction com- turnkey project – from contract signa- panies in Thailand. ture to the start of BTS operation. Bangkok can breathe again With the new millennium, BTS offers Direct fixation rail Smooth implementation its passengers speed and reliability, which is proving to be a very attract- GRC noise barrier The participation of only two compa- ive alternative to road travel. The External prestressing nies in this consortium, and the instal- Sukhumvit and the Silom lines ensure tendons lation of the project management of that Bangkok can breathe again. Precast segmental the contractors and the client in one box girder location in Bangkok, made a major contribution to a smooth implemen- tation. Italian Thai employed an average of Reinforced 10,000 construction personnel in concrete column Bangkok for the design and construc- tion of the viaduct, stations, depot, administration building and utility diversions at any given time and most- ly at night so as not to obstruct day- time traffic. Ground level Pile cap Pile RZ_Turnkey Projekt Bangkok 02.04.2004 18:22 Uhr Seite 5 Prepared for every eventuality Project Management Bangkok Transit System Project Project Project Planning Control Supervision Lines & Stations Length of Sukhumvit line 16.8 km Turnkey competence from Siemens Systems Integration Length of Silom line 6.3 km Stations Sukhumvit line 17 Attractive, cost-effective Stations Silom line 7 and environmentally clean (One common central station) Safety Systems Civil Engineering Rolling Stock mobility solutions are Distance between stations 0.6 – 1.4 km needed today more Control Systems Infrastructure Training Track gauge 1,435 mm than ever before. Traction Power Supply Service/Maintenance Cabling and Wiring Telecommunications Direct fixed track Making such trans- rd portation systems a reality is an ex- 3 rail 750 V DC tremely complex task, which is why scene to act as contact partner to Transport Capacity they are often handled on a turnkey the customer.
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