THE NEWS LETTER OF Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Volume 1, Issue 2 Economic Affairs and Law
Chief Justice (Retd.) From Secretary General’s desk Saeed Uz Zaman Siddiqui Patron FOURTH YEAR OF KCFR COMMENCES WITH VIGOR
Lt. Gen. (Retd.) With the good taste of third anniversary cake cut Moinuddin Haider HI (M) by Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri still in the mouth, Chairman Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Capt. Haleem A. Siddiqui Affairs and Law has entered into the fourth year Co-Chairman of inception. With the success of three years on our back, we have mode an ambitious programme Ambassador (Retd.) for future in the fields of economic growth and S.K. Dehlavi healthcare for the masses of Pakistan, while focus will remain on our Vice Chairman - Foreign Relations prime subject of Foreign Relations. Mr. Najam I. Chaudhri Vice Chairman - Economic Affairs The recent success KCFR made was by organizing a seminar on an important topic both from the foreign relations and economic point Mr. Liaquat H. Merchant of view. Expansion of SAARC : Prospects and Challenges was topic of Vice Chairman - Law the seminar held on 12th November, 2007 at Hotel Pearl Continental, Karachi. A report on this seminar has been included in this issue. Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi, Secretary General & CEO Dear Members, KCFR is steadily following the principles of a documented Capt. Anwar Shah, society and it was in this direction that a book on WTO was published Joint Secretary which was focused on one of the three objectives of KCFR i.e. economic affairs. Another book focused on foreign relation entitled “SAARC; EXECUTIVE MEMBERS: Prospects & Challenges” is in the preliminary process of printing. The Amb. (Retd.) Mansoor Alam book has been written by a member of the executive committee of Prof. Dr. Khalida Ghaus KCFR Dr. Khalida Ghaus who is the Managing Director of Social Policy Dr. Asghar Sheikh Nasir Mr. Sultan A. Chawla and Development Centre, Karachi. Cdre. (Retd.) Sadeed A. Malik Membership growth during the last month has been steady. Prominent EDITOR: among those enrolled as new members are Mr. Gulzar Firoz, a prominent Dr. Asghar Sheikh Nasir businessman and chairman FPCCI’s Standing Committee on Environment and Mr. A. Haseeb Khan, President Brookes Pharmaceutical, former CO-EDITOR: Chairman Korangi Association of Trade & Industry, a popular social Mr. Siraj Uddin figure and philanthropist and an important lady of our country devotedly working for spread of knowledge through publication of quality books and in recognition thereof duly awarded the internationally popular Order of the British Empire (OBE) Ms. Ameena Saiyid. 210, Panorama Centre, Fatima Jinnah Road, Karachi. My request to all members is to provide us their valuable feedback on Phone : (92-21) 5661421, 5660446 the contents and quality of this magazine of KCFR so that we may Fax : (92-21) 5680497 improve it to your expectations. E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.kcfreal.org N
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, MESSAGE FROM Economic Affairs and Law Lt. Gen (Retd) Moinuddin Haider HI (M), Chairman, KARACHI COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, ECONOMIC AFFAIRS & LAW
While expressing my sincerest thanks to the members of Karachi Council
on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law (KCFR) for electing me as
Chairman, I would like to, at the very outset, say that the growing
interdependence between the nations of the world is itself a product of the
ever accelerating technological revolution. Certainly, our capacity to exchange people, ideas,
products and services has expanded so rapidly that the human mind is somewhat handicapped
to keep pace with it. The situation, therefore, calls for making concerted efforts independently
and jointly for developing foreign relations on a pattern congenial to creation of peace,
economic growth and prosperity for the global society as a whole but consistent with certain
basic principles to conform to the changing environment.
While foreign relations is the focal component of KCFR, my immediate expression on the
other two equally important constituents are that the strength of a nation lies in an intelligently
planned and well ordered economy and that good laws make it easier to do right and harder
to do wrong.
With the above in mind, it would be my cherished desire to serve the KCFR within its charter
and come up to the expectations of the honorable members of KCFR in general and the civil
society in particular. Let us join hands in building cordial foreign relations, economic growth
and lawfully structured culture; which, in my humble opinion, are the three important
components for solidarity and survival in the new millennium.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs INDIAN HIGH COMMISSIONER ADDRESS TO KCFR and Law The Indian High Commissioner to Pakistan Mr. Satyabrata Pal, on a special invitation of KCFR visited Karachi for two days. He met members of the KCFR, members of consular corps, city elites and media at a dinner hosted in his honour on August 05, 2007.
On the next day, the Indian High Commissioner delivered a speech at a local high profile hotel on the burning topic of “Indo-Pak Peace Process : The New Realities”.
Before inviting the Indian High Commissioner, Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi, Secretary General & CEO of KCFR, in his welcome note observed that the India-Pakistan dialogues to resolve various issues have been dragging on for a long time and still no where near solution. These issues included the overhalf a century old Kashmir issue, the Baglihar Dam, issues of Sir Creek, Siachin, Iran-Pakistan-India gas pipeline project, opening of visa offices in Karachi & Mumbai etc. Mr. Zubairi also proposed that the SAARC establishment should now come out of the orbit of seminars, meetings and conferences to a more meaningful physical realities such as setting up SAARC IT University in Bangladesh, advanced Technical and Medical Universities in Pakistan, Universities on social sciences in Nepal and Sri Lanka so that people from SAARC member countries may avail such facilities.
Indian High Commissioner H.E. Mr. Satyabrata Pal photographed with chairman and office bearers of KCFR and other dignitories Lt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider, in his presidential address said that following the post 9/11 Scenario, President Pervez Musharraf took quick strides to put the peace process with India on fast track for the benefit of the divided families in the two countries but this was not reciprocated with the same spirit from Indian side. Despite an understanding of promoting peace through co-operation and regional trade, the results were not as they ought to have been. He went on to say that 1.2 billion people in the region are living in pathetic conditions while the two governments are involved in arm race and the concern further elevated with the recent nuclear agreement between India and the USA.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Addressing the large gathering on sensitive issue, the Indian High Commissioner H.E. Satyabrata Economic Affairs Pal pending replies to the various points raised in the earlier addresses, regretted that Pakistan and Law was the only country that had been objecting to India’s permanent membership in the UN Security Council. He went on to assure that the said nuclear agreement was for peaceful and economic reasons, in particular for power generation the demand for which is steadily growing and the fossil fuel for conventional power generation is neither economical not sufficient enough to cope with the demand. India’s projected demand for power in 2010 would be 800,000 MW and generating power using the coal reserves India is rich in, will involve environmental issues which are undesired. If India plans to utilize Thorium for generating clean power, it is wondered as to how it is a matter of concern for Pakistan.
In response to Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider’s observation of a slowdown on Kashmir issue, the Indian High Commissioner said that the simpler issues like Sir Creek and Baglihar dam should be resolved first to confirm India’s good intentions for peace - building. The issues having built- in difficulties, it would take some time for resolution.
In conclusion, the India High Commissioner assured that India had no intention to exploit any internal disturbance in Pakistan nor to derive mileage from events like Lal Masjid, Taliban insurgencies in tribal areas or Balochistan. He said that a stable Pakistan is in India’s interest. The people of both the countries deserve to be taken care of ensuring a peaceful environment for socioeconomic growth and prosperity.
On certain other points raised by Gen. Moinuddin Haider and Mr. Ahsan Mukthar Zubairi, the Indian High Commissioner chose to remain silent.
It was a pleasant inter-active session of KCFR which was enjoyed by the members and others. Among those who interacted with H.E. Satyabrata Pal included senator Nisar Memon, Dr. Khalida Ghaus and Mr. Ikram Sehgal.
Prof. Kishore Mahbubani
Dean Kuan Yew School of
Public Policy Singapore
who delivered a lecture on
Practice of Public Policy
Photographed with
office bearers and member
of KCFR
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs NEW EXECUTIVE BODY OF KCFR and Law Under the re-structured setup of the Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs & Law, a new executive committee of KCFR was elected at the 3rd annual general body meeting of the Council held on June 09, 2007.
The new body consists of the following.
1. Lt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider HI(M) Chairman Former Governor Sindh
2. Capt. Haleem A. Siddiqui Co-Chairman Former Federal Minister
3. Mr. S.K. Dehlavi Vice Chairman Former Ambassador of Pakistan Foreign Relations
4. Mr. Najam I. Chaudhri Vice Chairman Chartered Accountant Economic Affairs
5. Mr. Liaquat H. Merchant Vice Chairman Bar at Law & Advocate Law Supreme Court of Pakistan
6. Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi Secretary General Managing Trustee, SAARC Health & CEO Care Foundation of Pakistan
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, 7. Capt. Anwar Shah Joint Secretary Economic Affairs Former Director General Ports & Shipping/ and Law Govt. of Pakistan
In addition to above office bearers, following were elected as members of the Executive Committee.
1. Ambassador (Retd.) Mansoor Alam 2. Prof. Dr. Khalida Ghaus 3. Dr. Asghar Sheikh Nasir 4. Mr. Sultan A. Chawla 5. Cdre. (Retd.) Sadeed A. Malik
It was also decided that Justice (R) Saeed uz Zaman Siddiqui, former Chief Justice will be the Patron of KCFR.
GEO-POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE REGION AND THE PAKISTAN FOREIGN POLICY
KASURI’S ADDRESS TO KCFR Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law celebrated its third anniversary with country’s prime celebrity Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri, the then Foreign Minister of Pakistan. The subject on which Mr. Kasuri addressed the KCFR members, other city intellectuals and diplomats was “Geo-Political Environment in the Region and The Pakistan Foreign Policy”.
Address by Former Minister Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, PAKISTAN AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES HOW FAR NEED TO Economic Affairs EMBRACE SCIENTIFIC - TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE and Law By DR. A.S. NASIR Editor, The Vision and Member of Executive Committee KCFR
The world is entering a new age - the age of total industrialization. Some countries are far along the road, many more are just beginning the journey. But every where, at a faster or slower a pace, the peoples of the world are on the March Towards industrialism. They are launched on a long course that is certain to change their communities into new and vastly different societies cannot yet be clearly foreseen. The 21st century is a century of enormous and profound and world - wide transformation. Scientific & technological progress has accompanied humankind in their entire historical development. We believe that it is the basis of the gradual quantitative changes of the productive forces which at a certain historical point brought about a revolution in production relations. From a historical perspective, it appears necessary to stress that in ancient times and partly in the middle ages, the centers of scientific and technical progress were outside Europe and that the present gap in the technical and scientific levels of development is a phenomenon of modern age.
The mostly gradual quantitative development of scientific and technical progress in the whole history gave way to such a kind of development which brought about fundamental and all round changes in the system of productive forces. This was the case finally especially in the 18th and 19th centuries as the industrial revolution led to large scale industry with modern machines and as a consequence, social structures of the present - day.
2. Such a kind of qualitative changes is now taking place in the structure and dynamics of the social productive forces. New and complicated productive forces are being involved in the production process. Qualitative changes are taking place in technology, the content of work is undergoing fundamental changes and likewise the social division of labour is going through substantial changes and last, but not least, there is the process of the deepening of' internationalization with far reaching consequences for the international division of labour and international economic life.
This development is mainly due to the fact that science has taken the lead in technical development so that it is transforming itself into a productive force and facilitates humankind to assume a completely new position in the immediate production process. All these involve conditions which emerged in the last hundred years in science and technology and their material and technical bases. Since fundamental changes were initiated in the development of the productive forces with far-reaching consequences for all aspects of social life. We speak therefore of a scientific and technical revolution.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, 3. Here, one has to under line particularly the role of microelectronics. As a key technology Economic Affairs is leading to considerable changes in many sectors of production and reproduction of individual and Law and social life and has raised both hopes and profound disquiet. The possibilities of regulating and steering complicated processes it offers, the immense potentialities in raising social productivity of labour offers new profits for scientific and technical progress. Is this also true of developing countries? Can scientific progress contribute effectively to surmounting backwardness in the former colonial and semi-colonial world. But the introduction of microelectronics is only one element in the fast changes in the system of productive forces. A wide horizon is also in prospect by the development of biotechnology, the search for new sources of energy, the conquest of space, the introduction of new information and communication systems,. the production of new materials and others.
The initial effects of the transformation in the productive forces have shown to be prolonged structural crisis, chronic unemployment and growing social insecurity. It is reckoned that in future about two-thirds of the industrial production in developing countries will be influenced by microelectronics in one way or another.
4. This is of enormous significance for socio-economic progress in developing countries. In the sector of microelectronics some developing countries are already being confronted by certain changes in the production centers of economy. The electronics industry in Taiwan, South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines and Malaysia is export-dependent to a great extent (70 to 90 percent) and employs more than 700,000 workers.
Its development is determined in a far-reaching way by the international monopolies, the changes in the economic structure in developed industrial countries and by the varying "cheapness" of the labour force in individual developing countries. In the second half of' the seventies there was a sharp decline in the growth of production of electronic parts outside the developed countries.
5. The response of the developing countries to these and other qualitative changes in the productive forces is not to he found in the kind and direction of scientific and technological progress but is to be sought in the social conditions which have to be created for their utilization like the social motive forces which orientate the ‘internal logics’ of scientific and technical development to a certain extent.
The introduction of a new technology effects can be determined by social components within a definite frame. Thus, microelectronics is being developed mainly by the drive in the arms race. On the other side its contribution from results of green revolution, plant breeding also evident from the developments in biotechnology and genetic engineering. It is especially in these areas that one sees immense potentialities in development for developing countries. In developing countries enormous amounts of biomass can he produced because of the climatic conditions in many cases. There are huge resources of unknown micro-organisms and utilization has still not begun and finally the technologies used are simple and cheap in comparison with nuclear energy. This does not apply to research which is under the control of monopolies in
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, the world economy. Even in these cases social decisions are inevitable. Without an overall Economic Affairs social policy in this area of biological resources, fresh social conflicts cannot be avoided. The and Law existing arable area can be used both for food production as well as for the production of fuel (alcohol) or as a basis of other developments in organic chemistry.
6. A discussion on the influence of the scientific and technical revolution for the future of developing countries involves difficulties in content and methodology. Developing countries are only at the beginning of a process of rapid and vast change is the productive forces. Our conclusions are based on experiences made in developed scientific and technical structures. One can therefore not dispute the particular and historical uniqueness of certain issues of scientific and technical development for developing countries. There are, for example, no experiences in the global ecological consequences of clearing vast tropical forests for economic exploitation like the one in the Amazon basin.
The uniqueness and the independence cannot be used as an argument to deny the laws of social progress and realize in developing countries a different kind of life which is based on a soft craft production with a small-scale technique and a technology with pleasant working conditions. Romantics who recommend such a thing seek in technology something which can only be found in changes in the social structure. Craft production, i.e. simple production can be just as inimical, injurious to health and depressive as modern capitalist production. Independence can only imply formulating specific economic problems and developing ones's own social and institutional motive forces for their solution. Obviously, it is a task faced by the political forces. One has to include the particular responsibility of science and science policy in developing countries.
7. That is why the issue of the conditions of the access to knowledge of science and modern technology, the kind and the way they are applied and the possibilities of influencing them as well as the directions of development of scientific-technical progress are increasingly becoming a key question.
Most developing countries are faced with insuperable difficulties to formulate and implement their own technology and science policy which is necessary to realize national economic objectives. This is just as true of realizing these economic objectives as of evaluating individual projects. As is known, in order to evaluate a project one requires, at least, the same engineering abilities as for the designing.
Besides, especially the relatively developed countries sustain losses through brain drain, i.e., the continuous flow of technical and scientific persons chiefly to the US, Canada and Great Britain. This outflow is weakening the scientific and technical potential and leads to draining the national wealth which has been invested for their entire training. The loss is particularly heavy as a result of the policy and lack of R & D operation in developing countries.
8. A strategy and show of developing to entire of the scientific and technical elite of developing countries to stay our in their own countries would need to look at by the donors.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, (i) the transfer of technology is in some way always linked to social conditions and with Economic Affairs the scientific-technical progress apparently neutral, the capitalist relations as well as and Law the mode of thinking and behaviour can be stimulated and transplanted there,
(ii) permanent dependencies can be created by a wide gap which is maintained in the scientific and technical levels whether it be in the area of supplies of materials and spares, product development or in sales and therefore a relatively stable and expanding markets can be created for the international monopolies;
(iii) profit can be made here again for the R & D expenditures which have in most cases been amortized already.
It is difficult to classify this or that type of technology under technological development and policy towards developed countries. A sober analysis of very different elements is necessary because development and in a contradictory in various sectors of the economy and society. It cannot be derived directly from the technological level or the kind of production or the individual commercial terms but sterns directly and indirectly from the overall technical, economic, commercial, social and political connections in which the forms of cooperation are established, in the way agreements are made and in their realization.
Thus, it may appear in the area where an offer of the most modern technology is made or linked to the area where there is a refusal of supply of modern technology. It stems objectively from the overall policy towards developing countries and their subjection to the laws of the world economy.
Technical neo-colonialism has mainly its concentration and centralization of research tied to the monopolies, in the development of information especially in the dynamic areas of production and services, in the branches and subsidiaries of monopolies through patents, trade marks, etc.
9. A book appeared in 1973 by E.F. Schumacher entitled “Small is beautiful” in which developing countries are urged to develop an alternative technology that is between a most modern and a primitive technology. It is supposed to be characterized by smelliness, simplicity, cheapness and harmlessness and provide millions of people with food and jobs. As in all such cases, this kind of conception involves real contradictions. In actual fact many technical developments are mainly decided by international monopolies. They have never met the specific needs of developing countries in any way.
The underlying issue is the role of science and technology in a progressive social strategy to overcome economic backwardness and one-sided dependence. Non-Marxist ideas in this areas are marked by pessimism and the so-called technological determinism proceed directly from a socially derived connection between science and technical development and the emergence or solution of social problems.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, A certain scientific and technical development does not immediately raise social problems just Economic Affairs as it does not solve them. Certain social consequences emerge only in a definite social structure. and Law This means that on the one hand the same or similar developments under varying social conditions will have different social consequences; on the other hand, technical developments or their directions are stimulated or impeded by the given social motive forces of a given society. The risk of an additionally promoted unemployment in some developing countries is due chiefly to capitalist industrialization which is oriented to the interests of international monopolies. Contradictions that crop in developing countries, are therefore not caused by microchips or microprocessors but by the deformed structure of industrialization. With this in view progressive forces therefore require the observance of the unity of technical and socio- economic processes, necessity for implementing economic strategy, the realization of a radical socio-economic transformation and a science strategy and a technology policy that are oriented to the national needs. Further, without a conscious management and planning of scientific and technical progress a phenomenon like shortening the cycle of the development of an innovation up to its adoption in production, as one can see in recent years, cannot be achieved. This is also true of changes in the structure of skills of manpower. Here, one can discern the possibilities wide open in scientific and technical progress.
The use of microelectronics can lead to reducing considerably the consumption of material and energy, the process of reducing the optimum lots by facilitating greater flexibility and the information technology can help in reducing the costs of literacy. Genetic engineering can lead to completely new properties in animals and plants. We are now in the realm of possibilities when new varieties of plants can be raised which like the leguminous plants have the property of assimilating nitrogen in the soil. This will not only influence to a considerable extent the agriculture of developing counties but also help improve their import structure by reducing the import of fertilizers and ease the energy load in the production of fertilizers and there are other examples that can be cited. All these show that technology and science are increasingly in a position to make an effective contribution to solving the profound contradictions of developing countries provided that the requisite social conditions are created.
One cannot expect too much of them. Their efficiency and effectiveness requires a social strategy oriented to the distant future, using all the possibilities which allow the extensive means of production and utilizing the creative potentialities of and by the management and planning. If they are not utilized for document the achievements of science and technology will remain limited, lead to unbearable burden on the working people, sharpen the social contradictions as well as intensify exploitation by international monopolies. In the last analysis they can become unimaginable destructive means by their misuse for military purposes and question the survival of humanity. Even now it would be possible to solve relatively quickly many burning issues of developing countries by scientific and technical developments, provided the peace-loving forces succeed in putting an end to the escalation in the arms race and use the immense potentialities thus released for the prosperity of the entire human race. For this, we need the joint efforts of all peace-loving forces.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs HUMAN RIGHTS - PAST & PRESENT and Law By JUSTICE (R) SAIDUZZAMAN SIDDIQUI Former Chief Justice of Pakistan & Founder Member / Patron of KCFR HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF HUMAN RIGHTS. The first Charter of Human Rights was given to the mankind by Prophet of Islam Mohammad (Peace Be Upon Him) when he delivered his last sermon on the occasion of Hajj at Arafat. The Prophet (S.A.) addressed those who gathered there as follows:-
"O people! Verily your blood, your property and your honor are sacred and inviolable until you appear before your Lord, as this day and this month is sacred for all. Verily you will meet your Lord and you will be held answerable for your actions.
O people! Fear Allah concerning women. Verily you have taken them on security of Allah and have made their persons lawful unto you by words of Allah! Verily you have got certain rights over your women and your women have certain rights over you.
And your slaves! See that you feed them with such food as you eat yourselves; and cloth them with the clothes that you yourselves wear. And if they commit a fault, which you are not inclined to forgive, then part with them for they are the servants of Allah and are not to be chastised.
O people! Verily your Lord is one and your father is one. All of you belong to one ancestry of Adam and Adam was created out of clay. There is no superiority for an Arab over a non- Arab and for a non-Arab over an Arab; or for white over the black or the black over the white except in piety. Verily the noblest among you is he who is the most pious."
The concept of human right emerged, with the formation of nation states in the Europe. The philosopher and thinkers articulated the view that the political power came from the people and not from individual ruler. Although the principle of the social contract can be traced back to Plato it was in the 17th century that it began to emerge as a distinct concept. Grotius (1583 - 1645) & Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) were the earliest writers who supported this view. But it is in later political philosopher that beginning of concern for human rights can be detected. It is for this reason that many writers on human right see John Locke (1632-1704) as the central figure. John Locke argued that individual enjoyed certain right in the state of nature before they entered civil society. Among these right were the right to life, liberty and property; when men entered into civil society they did not surrender these rights. According to Locke, men surrendered to the state the power of enforcement they did not surrender the rights themselves. John Locke expressed the view that exercise of governmental power depended on respecting the term of contract between the rulers and the ruled. Later writer expanded on these general themes. Montesquieu (1689-1755) in his De L’Esprit des Lois identified the need for balance in the exercise of governmental power and argued that sociological factors influenced the content of positive laws. Voltaire (1689-1778) stressed for social and religious
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, tolerance and emphasized the need of individual to confront the problem of evil conduct in Economic Affairs the real world. Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) in his Du Contrat Social (1762) asserted that and Law individual freedom and citizenship could only be secured by a social contract with the entire community.
The 18th century thinkers exhibited a number of common features and the law of human rights can be linked to their writings. A constant theme is the recognition that government is a necessary evil, that the role of government is to protect certain rights such as life, liberty and property and that the power of government should be limited to prevent oppression. At the end of 18th Century, political upheaval provided the opportunity to implement some of these ideas.
The leaders of the American Revolution were men well versed in 18th century political philosophy. Thomas Jefferson was familiar with the work of Locke and Montesquieu and he attempted in the Declaration of Independence of 4th July 1776 to give practical effect to the theories of limited government and natural rights. The second paragraph of the declaration read:
“We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.”
In similar terms, the leaders of the French Revolution drew up a Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen on 26th August 1789 which noted that "the aim of every political association is the preservation of the natural and imprescriptible right of man " and it proceeds to identify these rights as "Liberty, Property, Safety and Resistance to Oppression". Practical effect was given to these sentiments in the Bill of Rights of 1791 which, when annexed to the United States Constitution (1787), provided for freedom of belief, freedom of the press and freedom of assembly; the two documents when read together give effect to the theories of Montesquieu on limited government and the opinion of Locke on natural rights. At the same time, in Europe the work of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) contained within them statements of principle sympathetic to the development of a distinct law of human rights.
HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS & TREATIES The movement against slavery, which gathered pace in the 18th century, was an early attempt on the international plane to promote human rights. The efforts to outlaw the slave trade grew with the prohibition within the British Empire in 1807 and action against the slave trade was provided for in the Treaty of Paris in 1814 and the Congress of Vienna on 1815. However, the trade itself proved resistant to treaty provisions and the matter was returned at the congress of Berlin in 1885 and the Brussels Conference of 1890.
The adoption of the first Geneva Convention in 1864 marked the beginning of International humanitarian law. In short, in certain circumstances the treatment of the sick and the wounded would become a matter of concern to international society. Article 25 of the Covenant of the 6 N
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, League noted that: Economic Affairs and Law The Members of the League agree to encourage and promote the establishment and cooperation of duly authorized voluntary national Red Cross organization having as purposes the improvement of health, the prevention of disease and the mitigation of suffering throughout the world.
A third strand in the history of human right law concerns the treatment of minorities within Europe. At the Treaty of Berlin (1878), Bulgaria, Montenegro, Serbia, Rumania and Turkey all agreed to allow religious freedom to those within their boundaries. Matter were taken further in 1919, when it became clear that there were limits to the principles of self determination and that in many circumstances, minorities would be included within state boundaries following the dissolution of' Austro Hungarian Empire Treaties were made for the protection of minorities with newly created states. A further development was that new members of the League made declaration on admission in respect of minorities as in the case of Finland (1921), Albania (1921), Lithuania (1922), Latvia (1923) and Iraq (1932).
It is common for a state to seek shelter under Art 2(7) of the UN Charter when its domestic conduct is subject of some criticism but such arguments do not normally prevail as it is a matter for the United Nations not the individual state to determine whether a matter is "essentially domestic". It is not permissible for a state that has voluntarily entered into human rights treaties to prey in aid its domestic jurisdiction when faced with an individual petition or a hostile report from a human right body. It is well accepted that international action can be taken if the abuses of domestic jurisdiction cause regional insecurity. Thus, in respect of human rights violation a state will not normally be able to prey in aid the provisions of its domestic law, however, the status of the state and the nature of the violation may determine the response of international community.
REMEDIES AGAINST HUMAN RIGHT ABUSES Broadly, the approach is to recognize that human rights are universal in scope but that, in appropriate cases, allowance must be made for historical, cultural and religious factors. The position was clearly stated in Chapter 1, Para 5, of the "Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action" issued following the Second United Nation Conference on Human Rights held in Vienna in June 1993. The relevant paragraph reads:
"All human rights are universal, indivisible and independent and interrelated. The international community must treat human beings globally in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing, and with the same emphasis. While the significance of national and regional peculiarities and various historical, cultural and religious backgrounds must be borne in mind, it is the duty of States, regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems, to promote and protect all human rights and fundamental freedoms.
The United Nation Charter (1945) contains a number of references to human rights. The most significant references are contained in Article 55, which provides that the United Nations shall promote "universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms 7 N
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion". This is then followed by Article Economic Affairs 56, which stipulates that: and Law
All Members pledge themselves to take joint and separate action in co-operation with the organization for the achievement of the purposes set forth in Article 55.
Therefore, a state that violates human right cannot hide behind the assertion of territorial sovereignty relying on the Art 2(7) of UN Charter. There are a wide range of treaty provisions in force that broadly provide for a threefold method of enforcement, namely, state reporting, inter state complaints and individual applications. It is now widely accepted that the grossest abuses of human rights constitute breaches of customary international law. Many of the international instruments have established Committees charged with handling specific cases but also with issuing general guidance as to how the principles are to be observed. There are increasing numbers of NGOs and sympathetic government ready to draw the attention of the world community to cases of abuse. The system of human rights enforcement has developed considerably on the regional plane and the recent establishment of an International Criminal Court at The Hague has increased the likelihood of prosecution in the most serious cases.
There are increasing signs that in criminal and civil action brought before municipal courts such courts are not prepared to accept that a plea of immunity from jurisdiction can be entered in respect of serious allegations of human rights abuses. While each of the methods of international enforcement has something to commend them, there can be little doubt that the surest way of observance is for each state to operate within a constitutional framework that protects basic human rights and provides for their enforcement in municipal courts. Despite these international safeguards against violation of human rights; the independent Human Rights Associations throughout the world have reported serious human rights violations with impunity in Iraq, Afghanistan, Palestine, and Kashmir by States which claim to be champions of democracy and human rights.
HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER THE CONSTITUTIONS OF PAKISTAN Pakistan was created as a sovereign and independent state on l 14th August 1947. The creation of Pakistan was indeed the culmination of a long, arduous and somewhat bloody, but thoroughly constitutional struggle, by the Muslims of the Indian subcontinent for a separate homeland. Since the struggle for Pakistan was grounded in legal and constitutional norms, and the means employed were peaceful, the country ultimately had a legal birth.
Pakistan has had 60 years of existence. Since independence, there have been several ups and downs in the life of this nation. The process of political evolution and constitutional rule was not consistent. There occurred 4 breakdowns in which the constitutions were either abrogated or suspended. The Judiciary of Pakistan played an active role in the political developments and through its ruling and judgments sought to build bridges, so as to bring the country back to democratic dispensation and constitutional rule. The three Constitutional documents under which the Country was governed during the last 60 years e.g., the Constitution of 1956, the Constitution of 1962 and the Constitution of 1973, each contained a Chapter of Fundamental 8 N
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Rights which embodied all the internationally recognized basic human rights. The 1973 Economic Affairs Constitution, which is presently in force in the Country, contained these rights in Chapter I and Law Part II. Article 9 to 28 deals with the Fundamental Right. These rights are: Security of life and liberty; Safeguards against arrest and detention; Prohibition against slavery and forced labor; protection against retrospective punishment; Protection against double punishment; Inviobility of dignity of man and privacy of home; Freedom of movement; Freedom of assembly; Freedom of Association; Freedom of trade, business or profession; Freedom of speech; Freedom to profess religion and to manage religious institution; safeguard against taxation for purposes of any particular religion; Safeguards as to educational institution in respect of religion; Right to hold and dispose of property; Protection of property rights; Equality of citizens before law; Non discrimination in respect of access to public places; Safeguards against discrimination in services on the ground of race, religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth; and safeguards for preservation of language script and culture.
For enforcement of the fundamental rights guaranteed under the Constitution and to protect and provide relief against violation of these rights, the Provincial High Courts are conferred power under Article 199 of the Constitution to issue writs in the nature of Habeas Corpus, certiorari and mandamus against the state functionaries. Apart from it the Constitution of 1973 makes a special provision conferring jurisdiction on the Supreme Court to entertain a proceeding directly if it involves a question of public importance with reference to the enforcement of Fundamental Rights. Despite these comprehensive provisions in the Constitution providing safeguards against violations of human rights and an effective machinery to deal with these violations the situation of human rights prevailing in the country are not very enviable. The reports in the print and electronic media during last 4 or five years are replete with incidents of gross violation of Articles 9 and 10 of the Constitution on which the superior courts have expressed their dissatisfaction from time to time. Recently the Supreme Court of Pakistan took up cases of missing persons and ordered release of some of them found in unlawful custody of agencies. The Human Right Commission of Pakistan has listed about 300 such missing persons in the custody of the law enforcing agencies but the agencies have denied their custody. It is indeed alarming that the custody of the recently released persons was also denied by the agencies in the first instance but when pressed by the Court the agencies not only admitted their custody but also released them. It is equally unfortunate that the response of civil society in Pakistan to such incidents has been lukewarm. It is time that the human right bodies in Pakistan and members of the civil society resolve to maintain constant vigil and work together to protect against the violation of human rights by state functionaries.
JUSTICE ® SAIDUZZAMAN SIDDIQUI FORMER CHIEF JUSTICE OF PAKISTAN
Material consulted: Life of Mohammad (S.A.) by Abdul Hameed Siddiqui; United Nation Charter, Constitution of Pakistan, 1956, Constitution of Pakistan 1962; Constitution of Pakistan 1973- Constitution of Pakistan by Ahmer Fazeel; Introduction to International Law by J.G. Strake; International Law by John O'Brien.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, KITS - 2008 Economic Affairs and Law MAY NEXT YEAR WILL SEE KARACHI’S BIGGEST PUBLIC EVENT (Sirajuddin, Editor The Vision) May Day 2008 will not be a holiday but will instead be a day of extreme toil for the organizing committee of KCFR and Pegasus Consultancy - a leading event management company as everyone will be sweating to fine tune the arrangements for the first ever Karachi International Trade Show 2008 (KITS-2008) scheduled to commence at Karachi Expo Centre on May 3, to continue till May 6, 2008.
Born as a brain child of the Karachi Council on Foreign Relation, Economic Affair & Law, Pegasus Consultancy, with the support of Govt. of Sindh and the City District Government Karachi has adopted the upbringing of this baby to grow up as a grand show in the megapolis of Karachi with the prime objective of gaining recognition to the city as an international centre for trading, cultural expositions and investment friendly place.
The idea of KITS-2008 was first made public at the KCFR’s seminar on Expansion of SAARC: Prospects & Challenges held at Karachi on November 12, 2007. Members and observer countries of SAARC have expressed their interest for participation in a big way while indication to this effect has also come forth from several other countries like Russian Union, Turkey, Thailand, Jordan, Syria, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia etc. The show of course would be strengthened by Pakistani companies, export houses, local representatives of foreign products and services as well as the allied corporations and departments of the federal provincial and city governments.
KITS-2008 will not be a simple exhibition but a big show where cultural gala nights, food festivals and fun area for the visitors will be added attractions to their enjoyment and shopping.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law SAARC COUNTRIES DIPLOMATS SPENT BUSY DAY
High Commissioners and Ambassadors from SAARC member and observer countries who came to attend the SAARC Seminar organized by KCFR on the evening of November 12, 2007 spent a busy day in Karachi in the forenoon.
The group consisted of H.E. Satyabrata Pal, High Commissioner of India, H.E. Dr. W.B. Dorakumbure, High Commissioner of Sri Lanka, H.E. Anwar Anwer Zai, Ambassador of Afghanistan, H.E. Allama Siddiki acting High Commissioner of Bangladesh together with Chinese Consul General in Karachi Mr. Chen Shanmin, Iranian Consul General Mr. Masoud Mohammad Zamani and Korean Consul General Mr. Suk Chul Chang. They were accompanied by Chairman KCFR Lt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider HI(M), Vice Chairman Mr. Najam I. Chaudhri and Secretary General Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi in their day long activities in Karachi.
The day started with visit to Mazar-e-Quaid to lay floral wreath followed by a call on City Nazim Syed Mustafa Kamal where a presentation on the development work in the city of Karachi was given to the excellencies and honorable visitors. Later the group called on Governor of Sindh Dr. Ishratul Ibad Khan where matters of mutual interest between SAARC member and observer countries were discussed. Welcoming the group, Governor Sindh expressed satisfaction over the progress and co-operation between SAARC countries and hoped that the process would gather momentum.
In the afternoon a lunch was hosted in honour of excellencies by Karachi’s most popular political party i.e. MQM where one of the front line leaders of the party Dr. Farooq Sattar briefed the dignitaries about the enhanced peace process his party under the able guidance of party chief, founder and Quaid-e-Tehreek Altaf Hussain is striving for which has yielded encouraging results.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs EXPANSION OF SAARC: PROSPECTS & CHALLENGES and Law KCFR bids farewell to 2007 with a thought provoking seminar (Report by : Sirajuddin, Editor The Vision)
The South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) is in its third decade and the Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law (KCFR) has just completed its third year. It was perhaps the most important of all programs on November 12, 2007 when KCFR organized an excellent event - a seminar on SAARC : Prospects & Challenges at a high profile hotel in Karachi. Again, it was perhaps the only seminar organized by a NGO in Karachi which attracted besides local diplomats, as many as six heads of foreign missions to sit together under one roof to deliberate on the subject.
The deliberations started with a welcome address of Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi, Secretary General & CEO of KCFR in which he indicated the profound influences of modern trends and technological developments on economy and thus on foreign relations every country is confronted with. Mr. Zubairi, giving a brief account of the activities of KCFR mentioned in particular the two mega projects. The first one is Karachi International Trade Show 2008 (KITS-2008) to be held at Karachi Expo Centre from 3-6 May 2008 for which interest from most of the SAARC and ASEAN member countries has been hinted. The second one is the establishment of SAARC Medical College and General Hospital in Karachi.
Lt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider HI(M), Chairman KCFR, who presided over the seminar is addressing the concluding session. Speaking on the rich history, cultural diversity and heritage and picturesque tourist resorts, Mr. Zubairi said that despite this strength of SAARC member countries and the gross cumulative income of 3 trillion, they contribute merely one percent of world production. The situation therefore calls for concerted efforts on part of all SAARC member countries individually and collectively to increase trade, investment and production.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law
Group Photograph of participating Heads of Diplomatic Missions and KCFR Office Bearers, Prominent are (L-R) Mr. Masoud Mohammad Zamani. Dr. W.B. Dorakumbure, Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi, Dr. Khalida Ghaus, H.E. Satyabrata Pal, Lt. Gen (R) Moinuddin Haider, Mr. Masood Khalid, H.E. Anwar Anwar Zai, Mr. Khaga Nath Adhikari & Allama Siddiki The Indian High Commissioner H.E. Mr. Satyabrata Pal in his statistically studded presentation, focused on the improvement by SAARC countries in agriculture and agro related works and industry. This he said, is badly affected due to migration of rural farmers to urban area and use of traditional farming methods instead of switching over to scientific farming. He said that the practice of drip irrigation not being adopted to in SAARC region results into huge consumption of water which should be a matter of concern for us.
Mr. Masood Khalid, Additional Secretary for Asia-Pacific region in Pakistan’s Foreign Ministry recalled the structural formation of SAARC which was founded on the shared desire to promote peace, stability and progress in the region. He stressed upon collective efforts for the elevation of standard of living of people in the region through collaboration in scientific, industrial, economic, cultural and other areas of interest.
H.E. Allama Siddiki, acting High Commissioner of Bangladesh said that interaction between masses of SAARC countries was imperative for the promotion of inter-regional development in all fields, the absence of which so-far could not bring about the results envisioned in SAARC charter.
Afghanistan is the latest addition to SAARC member countries. Its Ambassador H.E. Mr. Anwar Anwer Zai disclosed that his country has recently introduced liberal and investment friendly laws in order to resolve the existing socio-economic problems caused by the terrible thirty years of wars and chaos. With promise to be an active member of SAARC, the Afghan Ambassador said that his country is prepared to allow the important road and railway link
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law
to SAARC countries connecting them to Central Asian Republics as a corridor for transit of goods as well as energy transmission.
H.E. Mr. Khaga Nath Adhikari, Charge de Affairs of Nepal, the country where SAARC Headquarter exists, said that despite poor literacy rate, poverty, poor health conditions caused by malnutrition, frequent outbreak of epidemics, lack of resources etc, he was optimistic about the future of SAARC.
Others who spoke on the occasion included Sri Lankan High Commissioner H.E. Dr. W.B. Dorakumbure, Consul General of Peoples Republic of China Mr. Chen Shanmin, Iranian Consul General Mr. Masoud Mohammad Zamani and Korean Consul General Mr. Suk Chul Chang. The consensus of their speeches was the dire need to develop SAARC to the optimum level as built into its charter.
Lt. Gen (Retd.) Moinuddin Haider, Chairman KCFR who also chaired the seminar, in his presidential address stressed the need for focused working by SAARC member countries in order to achieve better social, cultural and economic development through co-operation and interdependence on each others expertise and experience. This, he said, will not only bring about peace and prosperity in the region but also the tertiary advantage of higher literacy and poverty alleviation.
Precious gifts were presented to the senior diplomats by a popular businessmen, educationist, philanthropist and life member of KCFR Mr. Khalil Ahmad Nainitalwala. Later special mementos were also presented to the participating diplomats on behalf of KCFR by its Chairman Lt. Gen. (R) Moinuddin Haider HI(M).
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, At the very outset, Mr. Kasuri admitted that the government was facing criticism from various Economic Affairs and Law quarters on Pakistan’s policy configuration with India, China, USA and Afghanistan but perceptional differences do vary and it is also not necessary that these perceptions may not be the same as those of the government. He said that India has always been an important name on the list of concerns for Pakistan. With Kashmir issue unsettled for over half a century, we should nevertheless learn to live peacefully with a strong neighbour eliminating entry into an arms race by investing in areas of mutual development and benefit rather than destruction. This course, said Kasuri, demands setting aside the contentious issues for some time and get on with the much needed development and normalization of relations by promoting people to people contacts.
Mr. Kasuri said that India and Pakistan both have realized that the key to success and economic development lies in conflict resolution and not conflict continuation. India Pakistan trade is gradually registering increase and it is fairly estimated that by 2010 the trade volume would be of the order of $10 billion.
On travelling and transit Mr. Kasuri admitted that certain difficulties are being experienced
Saudi Consul General H.E. Dr. Hasan Abdul Rasheed Al-Attar presenting a precious print of Noble Quran to Pakistan’s (Former) Minister for Foreign Affairs Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri
for want of visa offices in Karachi and Mumbai, and the slow and intermittently disturbed Khokrapar-Munabao railway link but these problems, he said, were not political but of technical nature, solution to which would be found out.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, On Pak-Afghan relations, Mr. Kasuri stated it to be a matter of great concern. Pakistan at the Economic Affairs and Law one hand has to deploy ninety thousand troops alongside the border to check unauthorized intrusion and on the other spending heavily on the 2.4 million Afghan refugees in Pakistan. A peaceful and stable Afghanistan is therefore in the interest of Pakistan much as it is for the Afghans themselves.
Mian Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri photographed with senior diplomats and principal office bearers of KCFR
On Pak-China relationship Mr. Kasuri said that it is all weather time tested friendship. Peoples Republic of China has been tested friendship. Peoples Republic of China has been a great source of support in the technological and economic development of Pakistan. He cited various instances of Pak China joint ventures whereby Pakistan is receiving the appropriate technology for its socio-economic development.
Mr. Kasuri in his address, touched upon certain points regarding Pak-US relations as well as on Pakistan’s stance on fighting against terrorism. He conceded that problems exist but Pakistan has resorted to intelligently designed remedial measures to weed out terroism from its soil.
The third anniversary was marked by the cutting of a cake and giving mementos for the professional excellence of some KCFR members; the recipients being Mr. Dewan Yousuf Farooqui, Mr. Moin Fudda, Kazi Asad Abid, Mr. Liaquat A. Merchant, Mr. S.M. Muneer and Mr. Arif Sulaiman.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs PHOTO GLIMPSES OF SAARC SEMINAR and Law
Afghan, Nepalese and Sri Lankan Ambassadors addressing at the seminar
Group photograph
of diplomats of
KCFR office bearers
at a dinner hosted in
honour of SAARC
delicates to seminar
Audience attending
the seminar
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs ORIGIN OF THE SOCIETY and Law The genesis of the Society can be traced to the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations which
was addressed by His Excellency General Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan and its
information on the web inspired Mr. Ahsan Mukhtar Zubairi, now the Secretary General &
CEO of the Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs & Law, to make a council
on the same LINES. He found many intellectuals in the city agreeing with him. They all felt
that there was a need for such a society which would not only be beneficial for Pakistan but
for many other countries. For one thing there was a need for such a forum. As such 17 persons
who are known as the founding members of Karachi Council got together and after long
deliberations formed the Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs and Law.
The bye-laws were drawn. The Council was formally inaugurated at Marriott Hotel, Karachi
on 10th May, 2003.
INTRODUCTION
The Karachi Council on Foreign Relations, Economic Affairs & Law is a non-profit international
organization in Pakistan and serves the community in Pakistan and of Karachi through diversified
programming. The Karachi Council provides members with specialized group and the general
public with a forum for the consideration of significant international issues and their bearing
on Pakistan's foreign policy. It is a forum at which Pakistani and foreign scholars can present
the results of their research and study.
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, LIST OF MEMBERS OF KARACHI COUNCIL ON Economic Affairs FOREIGN RELATIONS, ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND LAW and Law LIFE MEMBERS Sr. Name & Designation Sr. Name & Designation
1. MR. AZIZ MEMON 16. MR. HUSAIN J. SHERIFF Chairman, King Group C.E.O., Meshe International Tel # 5867771-6 Lines Dir # 5872368 Tel # 5389330-5389334 Fax # 5887502 Fax # 5872364 Mobile # 0300-8259595 Mobile # 0300-8234599 2. MR. DEWAN MOHAMMAD YOUSUF FAROOQUI 17. MR. MASOOD NOORANI Chief Executive, Dewan Farooq Motors Limited, Chairman Tel # 5205244 Dir # 5204604 New Jubilee Insurance Co., Ltd. Fax # 5630814 Res # 5857861-63 Tel # 5683843 Fax # 5683858 Res # 5887192 3. MR. SHABBIR BURHANI 18. MR. SHARJEEL MEMON C.E.O., Ruhi Enterprises Managing Director, Marvi Property Network Tel # 5832327 Fax # 5375257 Mob # 0300-8222390 Tel # 5824341-5, 5878020-3 Fax # 5820092 4. MR. ARSHAD FAROOQ 19. MR. ARIF SULEMAN Chief Executive, Arshad Amjad & Abid (Pvt.) Ltd., C.E.O, GSA Etihad Crystal Cargo & Hony Trade Tel # 4542112-5 Fax # 4545871 Advisor to Govt. of Thailand Tel # 4544277 - 111-111-304 Fax # 4553359 5. SYED IQBALUDDIN GHAZI Chief Executive, Sun Consulting (Pvt.) Limited 20. DR. TARIQ M. AZIZ Tel # 4532413, 111-925-925 Consultant Eye Surgeon, Advance Eye Clinic Fax # 4559838 Mobile # 0300-8206745 Tel # 4540999 Fax # 4310007 6. SYED S. HAIDER 21. MR. KHALIL AHMED NAINITALWALA President & CEO, Century 21 USA Chairman, Medicam Group Of Companies Tel # 5821771 - 15 Lines 111 00 21 21 Tel # 4536424-30 Fax # 4531717/4557379 Fax # 5835755 Mobile # 0300-9219217 Res # 4947546 7. MR. MOHAMMAD BASHIR JANMOHAMMAED 22. MR. RAZA HUSSAIN BANDE ALI Chairman, Westbury Group of Companies Sr. Executive Vice President, Soneri Bank Limited Tel # 2412265-66 Fax # 2416791 Tel # 2446823, 2439562-67 Fax # 2430639 & 2439561 Res # 4940995 8. MR. MUHAMMAD ALI TABBA Chief Executive, Lucky Cement Limited 23. MR. SHOIAB AHMED FARIDI Tel # 2438583, 111-786-555 Fax # 4534302 Chairman, Dynamic Logistic Int'l (Pvt.) Ltd., Tel # 111-718-718 Fax # 4546109 9. MR. RAFIQ RANGOONWALA Res # 5877523-24 Chief Executive Officer, Gray Mackenzie Restaurants Int'l Tel # 5877976 Fax # 5877998 24. MR. KALIM FAROOQUI Managing Director, Technology Links (Pvt) Ltd 10. MR. SIKANDER LALANI Tel # 2734260 - 61 Fax # 2730728 Member, Canadian Society of Immigration Consultants Lalani & Associates 25. MR. IKRAM-UL-MAJEED SEHGAL Tel # 4389311-4 Fax # 4389315 Chairman, Security & Management Servies (Pvt) Ltd. Tel # 5843502 Fax # 5843416 11. MR. SULTAN AHMED CHAWLA Chief Executive Officer, Barque Corporation 26. MR. ZARRAR SEHGAL Tel # 5687820, 5676924 Fax # 5687716 Partner, Clifford Chance US LLP New York, NY 10019, USA 12. SARDAR YASIN MALIK Tel # 001-212-8788 000 Chairman, Hilton Pharma Tel # 111-123-000 Fax # 111-124-000 27. MR. ABDUL HASEEB KHAN President, Brookes Pharmaceutical Laboratories 13. DR. SHAHZAD ARSHAD Tel # 5063596, 5053240 Fax # 5060505, 5053240 Director, Rauf Apparels (Pvt) Ltd. Tel # 2354345 Fax # 2354346 Res: 4534299 28. CAPT. HALEEM A. SIDDIQUI Chairman, Marine Group of Companies 14. MR. AHMED JAMIL ANSARI Tel # 2417933, 2400450-3 Fax # 2414492 Chairman, Interglobe Commerce Pak. (Pvt.) Ltd. Tel # 5871057 Fax # 5862285 (Res) 5850509 29. MR. NAJAM I. CHAUDHRY Tel # 2785497-8 15. MR. S.M. MUNEER S.I. Chairman, Din Group of Companies Tel # 561-0004
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, LIST OF MEMBERS OF KARACHI COUNCIL ON Economic Affairs FOREIGN RELATIONS, ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND LAW and Law ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Sr. Name & Designation Sr. Name & Designation
1. DR. ARIF ALVI 11. MR. ADNAN ASAD Avli Dental Hospital Director Tel # 4524371-72 Fax # 4313069 Venus Distributors Tel # 111-836-871 Fax # 2350330 2. MR. A. A. M. MOHSIN Advocate & Tax Consultant 12. MR. OBAID UR REHMAN KHAN Mohsin Associates Student (Political Science) Tel # 5682750-5688469 Tel # 5381223 Fax # 5688602 Fax # 5683135 13. MR. MOHAMMAD SALEEM KAPADIA 3. MR. MOIN M. FUDDA Former Senior Vice President Honorary Consul General of New Zealand Chamber of Commerce & Industry Office # 5656993-4 Res # 5866596 Tel # 2423245-46/ Dir # 2430898 Fax # 5861852 Fax # 2428628
4. SYED FAROOQ HASSAN 14. MR. KAZI ASAD ABID, S.I. Hassan Associates (Pvt.) Ltd., Chairman / Chief Editor Tel # 5683044-5682739 IBRAT GROUP OF PUBLICATIONS Fax # 5680969 - 5873977 Tel # 4538862-3 Fax # 4543839
5. MR. AFZAL MUNIF 15. MAJOR GEN. (RETD.) M.A. VAHIDY Sr. Partner Tel # 9251006 / 5867000 Muniff Ziauddin & Co. Tel # 5375127-28-29 Dir 5375119 16. MRS. PARVIN VAHIDY Fax # 5820325 - 5820324 Tel # 9251006 / 5867000
6. MR. A. B. SIDDIQUE 17. MRS. NASEEM LIAQUAT MERCHANT Managing Director Liaquat Merchant Associates STC (Pvt.) Limited Tel # 5835101-5835104 Tel # 2634226-2634228 Fax # 2631883 18. MR. HASAN JAMIL ANSARI 7. SYED FARUKH MAZHAR Interglobe Commerce Pak. (Pvt.) Ltd., Managing Director Tel # 5871057 Fax # 5862285 (Res) 5850509 SGS Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited Tel # 4540260 Fax # 4527249 19. MR. NAEEM UDDIN BUTT Head of Operation 8. MR. M. IQBAL SHEKHANI Khanani & Kalia International (Pvt.) Ltd., Chief Executive Tel # 111 554 003 Fax # 2217015 Culligan Water of Pakistan Tel # 2565911 Dir # 2568326 20. MR. JAWAID ILYAS Fax # 2565914 Director, Brothers Trading Corporation Tel 2421522, 2417891, 2421361 Fax 2418866 9. MR. ABBAS AKBERALI Director 21. DR. KHURSHEED NIZAM AMRELI STEELS (PVT.) LIMITED President, Tel # 2561150-54 Fax # 2561964 E-Commerce Gateway Pakistan (Pvt.) Ltd. Tel # 11 1-222-444 Mobile # 0300-8221582 10. DR. ASGHAR SHEIKH NASIR Fax # 4536330, 4385030 Former Country Director (UNDP) Tel # 5856350 Fax # 585634 22. MR. ABDUL MAJEED Chairman, National Food (Pvt.) Limited Tel # 5671225 / 5662687 Fax # 5684870
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Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, LIST OF MEMBERS OF KARACHI COUNCIL ON Economic Affairs FOREIGN RELATIONS ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND LAW and Law ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Sr. Name & Designation Sr. Name & Designation
23. MR. RAFIQUE DAWOOD 32. MR. MOHAMMAD AHMED ANSARI Chairman & C.E.O., Interglobe Holding (Private) Ltd. First Dawood Investment Bank Ltd., Interglobe House, Tel # 111-329-663 Fax # 2271912 Tel # 5378328
24. MR. MIR NADIR ALI 33. MR. M. ILLYAS ANSARI B.A., F.C.A Chief Executive, Century Insurance Company Consultant Tel # 111-111-717 Fax # 5652898 Tel # 5864755, 5868193 Fax # 5865514
25. MR. ABDUL MAJEED 34. MAJ. GEN. (RETD) SIKANDAR HAYAT Chairman Chirman Sec/Dgeme Associated Textile Consultant (Pvt.) Ltd. Tel # 9203673 Cell # 0300-5529750 Tel # 5662687 Fax # 5684870 35. MS. SHAMIM ZAMAN 26. MR. ZAFAR MOTI Social Worker, Past President Rotary Club Chief Executive Officer Tel # 5892823 Cell # 0333-2124000 Zafar Moti Capital Securities (Pvt.) Ltd. Tel # 2410307, 2460642 Fax # 2446536 36. PROF. DR. KHALIDA GHAUS Managing Director, 27. CAPT. S. KAMAL HAIDER Social Policy & Development Centre Chief Executive, Tel # 111-113-113 Fax # 4527363, 4534285 Fair Marine Surveyors (Pvt.) Ltd. Tel # 5361787 Fax # 5361786 37. DR. SAYID RAFIQUE MUSTAFA SHAH Executive Director, Larr Sugar Mills Limited 28. CAPT. ANWAR SHAH Tel # 4545591-4 Fax # 4537720 C.E.O./Additional Secretary, Director General Port & Shipping 38. MR. AKHTAR K. ALAVI Chairman Gawadar Port Advisor, EFU General Insurance Ltd. S S S GROUP OF COMPANIES Tel # 2313471-90 Ext: 200 Fax # 2314784 Tel # 4248865/2315971 Fax # 2314968 39. DR. ZUBAIR AHMED MIRZA 29. MR. MOHAMMAD IQBAL Orthopaedic Surgeon Chief Engineer - Merchant Navy Tel Dir # 4575838, 4580660 Tel # 4547321 (Res) Mob # 0300-2152692 40. MR. GULZAR FIROZ 30. MR. MOHAMMED A. RAJPAR Feroz & Company Managing Director Tel # 5062200-01 Fax # 5062203 General Shipping Agencies (Pvt.) Ltd. Tel # 2850190 Fax # 2850185 41. MS. AMEENA SAIYID O.B.E. Managing Director 31. MR. TARIQ SAUD Oxford University Press Director, Anwar Textile Mills Ltd. Tel # 5050834 Tel # 5685454 Fax # 5658998
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POINTING THE WAY TO INTERNATIONAL UNDERSTANDING W E
Karachi Council on S Foreign Relations, LIST OF MEMBERS OF KARACHI COUNCIL ON Economic Affairs FOREIGN RELATIONS, ECONOMIC AFFAIRS AND LAW and Law FOUNDER MEMBERS Sr. Name & Designation Sr. Name & Designation
1. JUSTICE (R) SAIDUZZAMAN SIDDIQUI 10. LT.GEN. (RETD.) Tel # : 5888047-5897681 Fax # : 5891379 MOINUDDIN HAIDER HI (M) Tel # 5862990 / Office: 5689243-44 2. MR. NAJMUDDIN A. SHAIKH Fax # 5835076 - 5689212 Tel: 021-586-0529 and 537-9599, 051-2207474 (Islamabad) 11. JUSTICE (R.) HAZIQUL KHAIRI Tel Res # 5853429-5343660 3. MR. AHSAN MUKHTAR ZUBAIRI Tel #: 5661421, 5660446 Fax # 5680497 12. AMBASSADOR (R) MANSOOR ALAM Tel Res # 5869480 Office Fax # 5869206 4. MRS. SHAHEEN SALAHUDDIN Tel Res # 4310027 Fax # 5693813 13. MAJ. GEN. (RETD.) AHSAN AHMED H.I. (M) 5. AMBASSADOR (RETD.) Tel Res # 5342546 SULTAN MOHAMMAD KHAN Tel # 5855529 Fax # 5857914 14. MS. FARIHA RAZAK HAROON Tel # 2630611 Ext: 2334 Farrukh Ext: 2337 6. AMBASSADOR (R) MEHDI MASOOD Tel # 5852404 15. CAPT. HALEEM A.SIDDIQUI Tel # 2413019- 2417933 7. AMBASSADOR (R) S. IQBAL HOSAIN Res # 5898163 / 5887952 Fax # 2414492 Tel Res # 5845994 16. MR. NAJAM I. CHAUDHRI 8. MR. LIAQUAT H. MERCHANT Tel # 2419448-2426682-5 Tel # 5835101-5835104 (R) 5844185-86 Fax # 2415007-2427938 Fax # 5835110 Mobile # 0300-2402102 17. MR. SULTAN AHMED 9. AMBASSADOR (R) Tel # 5867364 SAIDULLA KHAN DEHLAVI Tel Res # 5887760 18. (Late) S.H. HASHMI
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