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Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry Perioden sys tem der Elemente mit Gmelin-Systemnummern , ! i 1 =~ I 2 f ; 2 2 I ~ H H He -, ; ~ ä 3 4 5 13 6 14 7 4 8 3 9 5 10 I Li 20 26 -~ 8e B C N 0 F Ne •~ I 12 I 13 15 16 9 17 18 I " 21 27 35 15 16 6 • AI ~i P ,~ Na Mg i I S CI Ar ~ ~ 19 20 21 39 23 24 25 56 26 59 27 29 60 30 32 31 36 32 33 17 34 10 35 36 I • 22 28 41 48 52 58 57 45 7 , K Ca S, ~~ V Cr Mn Fe Co ~~ Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr • 37 38 40 41 42 43 46 49 50 53 54 I • 24 29 39 39 42 49 53 69 44 63 45 6. 65 47 61 48 33 37 46 51 18 52 " 8 • T, Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In •, Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Sn Sb T. J X. •~ ~ 55 25 56 57** 72 43 73 74 75 76 66 77 67 78 79 62 80 34 81 38 82 84 85 86 I • 30 50 54 70 68 47 19 12 La 39 HI Ta W Re Os Ir PI Au Hg TI Pb :~ Po AI Rn , Cs Ba , 87 88 89"** !- 31 104 71 105 71 ,. Fr Ra Ac 40 ~ I~H, 23 1 •,~ ,. ; "Lanthanide 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 • 39 Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Oy Ho Er Tm Vb Lu •o -"~ **Aclinfde 90 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 102 103 - 44 91 51 55 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 101 71 71 71 Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk CI Es Fm Md 0(1) Lr Gmelin Handbook 01 Inorganic Chemislry 8th Edition Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry 8th Edition Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie Achte. völlig neu bearbeitete Auflage Prepared GmeLin-lnstitut für Anorganische Chemie and issued by der Max-PLanck- Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften Director: Ekkehard FLuck Founded by Leopold Gmelin 8th Edition 8th Edition begun under the auspices of the Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft by R. J . Meyer Continued by E.H.E. Pietsch and A. Kotowski, and by Margot Becke-Goehring Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1987 Gmelin-Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften ADVISORY BOARD Dr. G. Breit, Chairman (Ruhrchemie AG, Oberhausen-Holten), Prof. Dr. K. Dehnicke (Philipps­ Universität Marburg), Prof. Dr. N. N. Greenwood (University of Leeds), Prof. Dr. H. Grünewald (Bayer AG, Leverkusen), Prof. Dr. H. Harnisch (Hoechst AG, FrankfurUMain-Höchst), Prof. Dr. H. Nöth (Universität München), Prof. Dr. H. Oftermanns (Degussa AG, FrankfurUMain), Prof. Dr. G. zu Putlitz (Universität Heidelberg), Prof. Dr. A. Rabenau (Max-Planck-Institut für Fest­ körperforschung, Stuttgart), Prof. Dr. A. Simon (Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart), Prof. Dr. Dr. A. H. Staab (Präsident der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, München), Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. G. Wilke (Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim/Ruhr) DIRECTOR DEPUTY DIRECTOR Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Ekkehard Fluck Dr. W. Lippert CHIEF EDITORS Dr. K.-C. Buschbeck - Dr. H. Bergmann, J. Füssel, B. Heibel, Dr. H. Katscher, Dr. R. Keim, Dr. E. Koch, Dipl.-Phys. D. KoscheL, Dr. U. Krüerke, Dr. H. K. KugLer, Dr. P. MerLet, Dr. E. SchLeitzer-Rust, Dr. F. Schröder, Dr. A. SLawisch, Dr. B. v. Tschirschnitz-GeibLer, Dr. R. Warncke CORRESPONDENT MEMBERS OF THE SCIENTIFIC STAFF Dr. H. C. Andersen, Dr. J. R. CLark, Dr. J. L. Grant, Dr. V. Haase, Dipl.-Ing. G. Kirschstein, Dr. K. Rumpf, Dr. U. Trobisch, Dr. B. Vance EMERITUS MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE Prof. Dr. Dr. E.h. Margot Becke CORRESPONDENT MEMBERS OF THE INSTITUTE Prof. Dr. Hans Bock Prof. Dr. Dr. Alois Haas, Sc. D. (Cantab.) STAFF GMELIN HANDBOOK D. Barthel, Dr. N. Baumann, Dr. W. Behrendt, Dr. L. Berg, Dipl.-Chem. E. Best, K. D. Bonn, Dipl.-Ing. V. A. Chavizon, E. Cloos, Dipl.-Phys. G. Czack, I. Deim, Dipl.-Chem. H. Demmer, R. Dowideit, Dipl.-Chem. M. Drößmar, U. Duggen, M. Engels, Dr. H.-J. Fachmann, Dr. J. Faust, Dr. Chr. Fianda, Dr. W.-D. Fleischmann, V. Frick, G. Funk, Dipl.-Ing. N. Gagel, Dr. U. W. Gerwarth, C. Gorr, Dipl.-Phys. D. Gras, Dipl.-Bibl. W. Grieser, H. Hartwig, Dr. R. Haubold, Dipl.-Min. H. Hein, G. Heinrich-Sterzel, H.-P. Hente, H. W. Herold, U. Hettwer, Dr. I. Hinz, Dr. W. Hoftmann, Dipl.-Chem. K. Holzapfel, Dipl.-Chem. E.-M. Horn, Dr. W. Huisl, Dr. S. Jäger, Dr. R. Jotter, Dr. J. von Jouanne, Dr. B. Kalbskopf, Dipl.-Chem. W. Karl, H.-G. Karren­ berg, Dipl.-Phys. H. Keller-Rudek, A. Klusch, Dipl.-Phys. E. Koch, Dipl.-Chem. K. Koeber, Dipl.-Chem. H. Köttelwesch, R. Kolb, E. Kranz, Dipl.-Chem. I. Kreuzbichler, Dr. A. Kubny, Dr. P. Kuhn, Dr. W. Kurtz, M. Langer, Dr. B. Leduc, Dr. A. Leonard, Dipl.-Chem. H. List, H. Mathis, E. Meinhard, K. Meyer, Dr. M. Mirbach, Dipl.-Chem. B. Mohsin, Dr. U. Neu-Becker, K. Nöring, Dipl.-Chem. R. Nohl, Dipl.-Min. U. Nohl, Dr. W. Petz, Dr. L. Psotta, I. Rangnow, Dipl.-Phys. H.-J. Richter-Ditten, Dipl.-Chem. H. Rieger, B. Riegert, E. Rieth, A. Rosenberger, E. Rudolph, G. Rudolph, Dipl.-Chem. S. Ruprecht, Dr. B. Sarbas, Dr. K. D. Schertise, V. Schlicht, Dipl.-Chem. D. Schneider, Dipl.-Min. P. Schubert, Dr. B. Schwager, A. Schwärzel, Dipl.-Ing. H.M. Somer, E. Sommer, M. Teichmann, Dr. W. Töpper, Dipl.-Ing. H. Vanecek, Dipl.-Chem. P. Velic, Dipl.-Ing. U. Vetter, H.-M. Wagner, Dipl.-Phys. J. Wagner, R. Wagner, Dr. E. Warkentin, Dr. C. Weber, Dr. B. Wöbke, K. Wolft, U. Ziegler STAFF GMELIN ONLINE DATA SYSTEM Dr. L. Kießling - Dr. R. Froböse, Dr. B. Roth Dipl.-Min. M.-B. Cinarz, Dr. J. Fippinger, Dr. G. Friedrich, Dr. B. Fröhlich, M. Klöftler, R. Loh­ meyer, Dr. M. Pauluth, Dr. H.-J. Schröder, Dr. K. Schücke Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry 8th Edition U Uranium Supplement Volume C 12 Uranium Carbides With 246 illustrations AUTHORS H. Holleck, H. Kleykamp Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut für Material- und Festkörperforschung Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany CHIEF EDITORS Rudolf Keim, Gmelin-Institut, Frankfurt am Main Cornelius Keller, Supervising Scientific Coordinator for the Uranium Supplement VOlumes, Schule für Kerntechnik, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe System Number 55 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1987 LITERATURE CLOSING DATE: mid 011985 IN SOME CASES MORE RECENT DATA HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED Llbrary 01 Congress Catalog Card Number: Agr 25-1383 ISBN 978-3-662-10718-8 ISBN 978-3-862-10716-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-862-10716-4 This work is subject to copyright. All rlghts are reserved, whether the whole or part 01 the material is concerned, specilically those 01 translation, reprlntlng, reuse 01 illustrations, broadcastlng, reproduction by photocopylng machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 01 the German Copyright Law where copies are made lor other than private use, a lee is payable to "Verwertungsgesellschalt Wort", Munlch. © by Springer-Verlag Berlln Heldelberg 1986 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo in 1986 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 8th edition 1986 The use 01 registered names, trademarks, etc., in this publication does not imply, even in the absence 01 a specllic statement, that such names are exempt Irom the relevant protectlve laws and regulations and therelore Iree lor general use. Preface The present volume Uranium C12 covers the binary and polynary carbides of uranium, including ternary carbides with nonmetals like the carbide oxides and carbide nitrides U(C,O) and U(C,N). The binary carbide UC and especially the mixed carbide (UO.80PUO.20)C are of special importance due to their potential as the fuel for advanced .. Fast Breeder Reactors" because of properties such as the short doubling time, the high fissionable material density, and the good thermal conductivity. On the other hand, the dicarbide UC2 is of interest for .. High Temperature Reactors", especially in the form of the mixed carbide (UO.80 Tho.20)C2. For the first time, India used mixed uranium-plutonium carbide (UO.3PUO.7)C as the fuel for its own newly developed 15 MWel Fast Breeder Reactor at Kalpakkam, south of Madras. Because of the technological importance of the uranium carbides a lot of data were published only in reports. In most cases, it was the aim of these less-scientifically based studies to promote the carbide fuel development on an economical basis. The lack of analyti­ cal data on the purity of the samples, missing characterization of the present phases, etc., hQINever, does not allow the discussion of the results of such references in this handbook. Therefore, only reliable publications were cited. For the technical fabrication of uranium carbides and their irradiation behavior, see Volumes A3 and A4 of this Handbook. Although technological interest in the carbides decreased in the second half of the seven­ ties, a continuing interest in physical and especially electronic properties is observed, both in the United States and in Europe. Therefore, at the present time we have a good picture on most properties of the monocarbide, whereas knowledge on the same properties of U2C3 and UC2 is not yet similarly developed, mainly because of the smaller technological interest and due to the fact that these phases are metastable at room temperature. This volume was written by two exceLLent authorities in the carbide field, Dr. H. HoLLeck and Dr. H. Kleykamp, who have been working in the fields of constitution of mUlti-component carbide systems and of post-irradiation studies of carbide fuels, respectively, at Kernfor­ schungszentrum Karlsruhe for many years.
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