Technical Report Patent Analysis

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TECHNICAL REPORT PATENT ANALYSIS ENHANCIN G PRODUC TIVITY IN THE INDIAN BICYCLE SECTOR TECHNICAL REPORT – PATENT ANALYSIS Enhancing Productivity in the Indian Bicycle Sector DISCLAIMER: Earnest efforts have been made to make the information furnished in the report as accurate and updated as possible based on available data and other attri- butes of Derwent Innovation, Global design Database and INPASS databases, but the authors or PSCST or PFC-TIFAC or UNIDO shall not be held responsible for any remaining inaccuracies or errors or omissions. All efforts were made to reference and credit the information/data used in the publication, and lapse, if any, is purely inadvertent and inconsequential.

This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. Designations such as “developed”, “industrialized” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Mention of firm names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO.

The opinions, statistical data and estimates contained in signed articles are the responsibility of the author(s) and should not necessarily be considered as reflecting the views or bearing the endorsement of UNIDO. Although great care has been taken to maintain the accuracy of information herein, neither UNIDO nor its member states assume any responsibility for consequences which may arise from the use of the material.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 9 1 INTRODUCTION 11 2 OVERVIEW OF THE BICYCLE INDUSTRY 15 2.1. Bicycle Industry 15 2.2. Brief History 15 2.3. Manufacturing Process 15 2.4. Major Producers and Markets 16 2.5. History of Bicycle Patents 18 3 PATENT ANALYSIS FOR TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BICYCLE SECTOR (2007-2017) 25 3.1. Aims and Objectives 25 3.2. Strategy 25 3.3. Overview of Bicycle-Related Patents Published Worldwide 26 3.4. Country Wise Trends for Bicycle Patents 30 3.5. Conclusions 39 4 INDUSTRIAL DESIGN ANALYSIS FOR THE BICYCLE SECTOR 41 4.1. Introduction 41 4.2. Methodology 41 4.3. Design Analysis 41 4.4. Analysis of Designs Registered in the Bicycle Sector in India During 2007-2017 43 5 RECENT INNOVATIONS IN THE BICYCLE SECTOR 45 5.1. Introduction 45 5.2. Intelligent Lights for Safety 45 5.3. Electric Assisted Bicycles 46 5.4. 3D Printed Bicycles 47 5.5. ICT Enabled Technologies 48 REFERENCES 51 ANNEXURE 54 Annexure 1. Cycle stands; supports or holders... - IPC B62H 54 Annexure 2. Cycle saddles or seats; accessories... - IPC B62J 68 Annexure 3. Cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices... - IPC B62K 80 Annexure 4. Brakes specially adapted for bicycles - IPC B62L 92 Annexure 5. Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles... - IPC B62M 105 Annexure 6. Bibliographic details of representative Industrial Design Registrations 118 LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

Figure 2.1: Global bicycle supply vs. demand...... 19 Figure 4.1: Top design applicants in the bicycle and bicycle parts sector during 2007-2017...... 44 Figure 2.2: The Celerifere (1792)...... 20 Figure 4.2: Design registration distribution among bicycle and bicycle parts...... 44 Figure 2.3: The Draisine (1817)...... 20 Figure 5.1: Intelligent bicycle lights...... 48 Figure 2.4: Denis Johnson’s Ladies Walking Machine (1818-19)...... 21 Figure 5.2: Empire’s MX6-R, the only 3D printed bicycle in the world with a 33% lighter Figure 2.5: Pierre Lallement’s Improved Velocipede (US59915A, 1866)...... 22 and six times stronger frame than its aluminium counterpart...... 49 Figure 2.6: James Rankin’s Velocipede (US89341A, 1869)...... 22 Figure 2.7: The high-wheeler or penny-farthing, 1873-87...... 22 Figure 2.8: McCammon safety bicycle, 1884...... 23 Table 3.1: Description of subclasses belonging to IPC/CPC class B62...... 28 Figure 2.9: Tandem Bicycle (US415072A, 1897)...... 23 Table 3.2: Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle-related technologies published worldwide in the last 10 years 31 Figure 2.10: A traditional gents’ roadster...... 24 ...... Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle-related technologies published in China 33 Figure 2.11: Ladies’ roadster of classic design...... 24 Table 3.3: ...... Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle- related technologies published in Taiwan 35 Figure 3.1: Top 15 countries for innovations in the bicycle sector...... 29 Table 3.4: ...... Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle-related technologies published in the USA 37 Figure 3.2: Distribution of global patent records in the bicycle sector w.r.t their legal status.....29 Table 3.5: ...... Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle-related technologies published in Korea 39 Figure 3.3: Year wise distribution of patent documents in the last 10 years...... 30 Table 3.6: ...... Figure 3.4: Top 10 global applicant/assignees for technologies in the bicycle sector...... 30 Figure 3.5: Top 15 country applicants filing patents for bicycle technologies in China...... 32 Figure 3.6: Distribution of patent records in the bicycle sector in China w.r.t their legal status...32 Figure 3.7: Top 10 assignees for patents published in China for bicycle technologies in the last 10 years...... 32 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Figure 3.8: Year wise distribution of patent documents in China in the last 10 years...... 33 Figure 3.9: Top 15 country applicants filing patents for bicycle technologies in Taiwan...... 34 Figure 3.10: Distribution of patent records in the bicycle sector in Taiwan w.r.t their legal status.. 34 AT Austria IPC International Patent Classification Figure 3.11: Top 10 assignees for patents published in Taiwan for bicycle technologies in Australia Japan the last 10 years...... 34 AU JP Figure 3.12: Year wise distribution of patent documents in Taiwan in the last 10 years...... 35 BAGB Bicycle Association of Great Britain KR Korea Figure 3.13: Top 15 country applicants filing patents for bicycle technologies in the USA....36 CA Canada LED Light Emitting Diode Figure 3.14: Distribution of patent records in the bicycle sector in the USA w.r.t their CAGR Compound annual growth rate MCU Micro-programmed Control Unit legal status...... 36 CN China MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Figure 3.15: Year wise distribution of patent documents in the USA in the last 10 years...... 36 CPC Cooperative Patent Classification Patent Cooperation Treaty Figure 3.16: Top 10 assignees for patents published in the USA for bicycle technologies in DE Germany PCT the last 10 years 37 Research and Development ...... EP European Patent Office R & D Top 15 country applicants filing patents for bicycle technologies in Korea 38 Taiwan Figure 3.17: ...... ES Spain TW Figure 3.18: Distribution of patent records in the bicycle sector in Korea w.r.t their legal status...38 United Kingdom FR France UK Figure 3.19: Year wise distribution of patent documents in Korea in the last 10 years...... 38 United States of America GB Great Britain USA Figure 3.20: Top 10 assignees for patents published in Korea for bicycle technologies in United States Patent and INPADOC International Patent Documents USPTO the last 10 years...... 39 Trademark Office Indian Patent Advanced Search Figure 3.21: Patent applications and grants published in India in the last 10 years in the INPASS System WIPO The World Intellectual Property bicycle sector...... 40 Organization IP Intellectual Property Figure 3.22: Top countries for patent applications filed in India in the last 10 years in the WO World Intellectual Property bicycle sector...... 40 IT Italy Organization Figure 3.23: Top countries for granted patents in India in the last 10 years in the bicycle sector.. 41

6 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The ‘Technical Report - Patent Analysis – Report on Patenting Activities in the Bicycle UNIDO has implemented a project titled ‘Development and Adoption of Appropriate Tech- Sector’ was drafted in the context of the UNIDO project titled ‘Development and Adoption nologies for Enhancing Productivity in the Bicycle and Bicycle Parts Sector’, in collaboration of Appropriate Technologies for Enhancing Productivity in the Indian Bicycle and Bicycle with the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce and Parts Sector’, supported by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade Industry, Government of India. (DPIIT), Government of India. The project was implemented by UNIDO’s Department of Trade, Investment and Innovation (TII), under the directorship of Dr. Bernardo Calzadilla-Sarmiento The project aimed to support the Indian bicycle sector by strengthening the capacity and and was managed by Mr. Farrukh Alimdjanov. capability of the nodal technical institution for the sector – the Research and Development Centre for Bicycle and Sewing Machines (RDCBSM), and the two industry associations - the All The technical content of the report has been drafted by Mr. Jatinder Kaur Arora, Mr. Gurharminder India Cycle Manufacturers Association (AICMA) and the United Cycle and Parts Manufactures Singh, Ms. Divya Kaushik and Mr. Kulwinder Singh (Patent Information Centre, Punjab State Association (UCPMA) - to provide better management and technical support to the Indian Council for Science & Technology, Chandigarh) on behalf of the Technology Information, bicycle industry. The project looked to facilitate structured expert dialogue, transfer state-of- Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC). the-art technologies, and action a wide range of technical capacity building and knowledge sharing activities to strengthen the global competitiveness of the Indian bicycle sector. The results presented in this report, have been reviewed and edited by Dr. Ritin Koria, Mr. Vikas Kumar, and Ms. Shraddha Srikant. The activities under the UNIDO bicycle project include: transfer of state-of-the-art technologies; technical capacity building and knowledge sharing activities (technical workshops, Proof reading was undertaken by Ms. Lauren Cooke, and final layout and design was undertaken training of trainers, international study tours and fellowship training); twinning with interna- by Mr. Mauricio Mondragon. tional counterparts, and upgrading of the RDCBSM’s testing facilities.

Furthermore, we would like to extend thanks to the staff of the Research and Development Centre In line with the above, a workshop was organized on ‘Patents and Intellectual Property Rights for Bicycle and Sewing Machines (RDCBSM), the All India Cycle Manufacturers’ Association (IPRs) for the Bicycle Sector’, conducted on 2-3 June 2017, in collaboration with the Patent (AICMA) and the United Cycle and Parts Manufacturers Association (UCPMA) for their support Facilitating Centre, the Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC), and active participation in various project activities. Additionally, a special thanks is extended the Department of Science & Technology, and the Government of India. This technical report to the Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC) for their support in provides a detailed analysis of bicycle-related patents across various jurisdictions and trends organizing the IPR workshop under the project. that have driven inventions in the bicycle sector in various countries. Patents are a high-interest area for the RDCBSM, and as the nodal R&D institute for the sector, the organization must develop competencies in the management of its intellectual property and well-informed R&D activities. This technical report provides the necessary history, background information, patent search methodologies and analyses that would assist the RDCBSM in using patent databases for its research activities, as well as develop material for patents of its own.

8 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 9 INTRODUCTION 1

UNIDO has implemented a project titled To fulfil this objective, one of the activities ‘Development and Adoption of Appropriate of the project was to conduct technical work- Technologies for Enhancing Productivity in shops for the scientists and engineers of the the Bicycle and Bicycle Parts Sector’ in col- RDCBSM. One of the six workshops organ- laboration with the Department of Indus- ised in this direction was on ‘Patents and trial Policy and Promotion (DIPP), Ministry Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) for the of Commerce and Industry, Government of Bicycle Sector’, conducted on 2-3 June 2017. India. The bicycle project aimed to support the Indian bicycle sector by strengthening The purpose of this report is to provide an the capacity and capability of the nodal tech- overview of bicycle-related patent applica- nical institution for the sector - the Research tions filed and published in five jurisdictions and Development Centre for Bicycle and covering a period of ten years. The report Sewing Machines (RDCBSM), and the two aims to investigate the trends in patenting industry associations - the All India Cycle activity related to technologies used in man- Manufacturers Association (AICMA) and the ufacturing bicycles and their major parts. United Cycle and Parts Manufactures Asso- The study highlights the global scenario of ciation (UCPMA) - to provide better manage- the patenting activity in the bicycle sector ment and technical support to the Indian and then narrows down to highlight trends bicycle industry. in five major bicycle-producing countries: China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan and India. The project looked to facilitate structured expert dialogue, transfer state-of-the-art Patents related to different technologies technologies to the Indian bicycle sec- involved in manufacturing a mechanically tor, and a wide range of technical capac- driven cycle and its parts were searched ity building and knowledge sharing activ- based on a combined strategy that used ities to bolster the capacity and capability International Patent Classification (IPC) codes of the RDCBSM and industry associations along with selected keywords. This strategy (AICMA and UCPMA) to enable them to was used to retrieve information on granted better support the industry in enhancing patents and patent applications that were its productivity performance and entering published in the last 10 years, 2007-2017, export markets. relating to the bicycle sector. The Derwent

Patent Analysis | 11 Introduction

Innovation database was used that has pat- The report aims to provide the RDCBSM, ent data from 50 patent issuing authorities as the nodal technical research institute and 2 journal sources, i.e. data from over for the bicycle sector in India, with a broad 80 countries. The corresponding Cooper- background of how to utilize patents and ative Patent Classification (CPC) was also speed up the R&D process to facilitate fur- referred to to supplement IPC search results. ther inventions. Intensive and extensive efforts are required in India to generate new Representative examples of 30 patent doc- knowledge through inventions in order to uments, belonging to different categories remain competitive, not only domestically of bicycle technology, are provided in the but also globally. Educational institutions, annexure along with their abstracts. The research institutions and industries must focus of the report is to analyse the patents be encouraged to carry out more research published in the last 10 years, vis-à-vis tech- and development, making this a pertinent nologies they are associated with. topic for the RDCBSM.

The project looked to facilitate “ structured expert dialogue, transfer state-of-the-art technologies to the Indian bicycle sector, and a wide range of technical capacity building and knowledge sharing activities to bolster the capacity and capability

of the RDCBSM and industry

associations (AICMA and UCPMA) to enable them to better support “ the industry in enhancing its productivity performance and entering export markets.

12 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 13 OVERVIEW OF THE BICYCLE INDUSTRY 2

2.1. Bicycle Industry foot-powered treadles. The 1860s saw great leaps forward in bicycle design, as people The bicycle industry can comprehensively be added pedals, spokes, rubber wheels and characterized as the sector concerned with gearshifts. The famous diamond shape was bicycles and cycling. It includes bicycle mak- introduced in the 1880s, along with inflated ers, part or component makers, and acces- rubber tubes in place of solid rubber tyres. sory makers. In addition, it includes whole- However, the arrival of the revolutionary salers, retailers, associations, promoters automobile quickly overshadowed the bicy- and other specialists [1]. cle craze, though the two concepts were combined later on to develop the motorcy- The bicycle industry is growing worldwide, cle. The bicycle industry boomed once again and is expected to hit $65 billion in global in the 1970s, as oil prices in the United States sales by 2019. More and more people are and other Western nations soared. Pres- beginning to turn to cycling, not only as an ently, electric bicycles and electric-assisted effective and low-cost mode of transporta- bicycles are increasingly making cycling a tion, but also as a recreational and fitness more viable transportation option for many activity. Currently, there are about 2,000 people without involving the leg power [2]. companies involved in the manufacturing and distribution of bicycle components and complete bicycles, sold under approximately 2.3. Manufacturing Process 150 different brands [2]. The most fundamental component of a bicycle is the diamond-shaped frame, which 2.2. Brief History is formed by two triangles separated by a metal tube in the middle. Typically, steel People have envisioned bicycle-like con- alloy tubes form this diamond structure. traptions since the sixteenth century. Even Machines puncture and stretch a solid Leonardo da Vinci used to make sketches of piece of steel until it molds into a seamless vehicles with two wheels joined by a beam. tube. The tubes are then welded together at Bicycles made of wood with a high seat high heat to construct the diamond frame. called a ‘hobby horse’ became quite popular After going through an acidic pickling solu- in the 1700s. As these did not have pedals, tion, to smooth and clean the metal, the the rider was supposed to push against the frame slides through a spray paint cham- ground to move forward. In 1816, the Ger- ber. Once the frame is complete, the man- mans made hobby horses steerable. By 1840 ufacturer adds the rest of the components it was realized that the rider could balance including: gearshifters; handlebars; brakes; without touching their feet on the ground, seats; pedals; carriers; wheels, etc. Estab- and hobby horses began to operate with lished production houses purchase these

Patent Analysis | 15 Overview of the Bicycle Industry

individual components from other special- in the bicycle industry, with the remainder Figure 2.1: Global bicycle supply vs. demand [9] ized manufacturing companies rather than derived from the sale of bicycle parts, acces- producing at their own level [2]. sories and clothing. BABG also estimated Global Bicycle Supply that 95% of bicycles sold to users in the UK 80% are imported, with the remainder manufac- 70% tured in the UK. 2.4. Major Producers and 60% Markets India is also one of the major contributors 50% along with China and Taiwan [6]. Annually, 40% China and Taiwan produce the majority of the India produces approximately 10% of the 30% world’s bicycles and are responsible for 87% world’s bicycles, which is estimated at 125 of global production. In 2012, China exported million units. Exports out of India are largely 20% 59.1 million bicycles, most of which ended up to Africa and the less developed economies 10% in the United States, Japan and Indonesia. and negligible to Western markets [7]. 0% However, China and Taiwan are encouraging domestic consumption of bicycles as well. India, as one of the fastest growing economies in the world, is also witnessing a high The bicycle sector in both of these countries is demand for sports bicycles. The growing quite distinct, as each has different specialties. focus on fitness and health, and increas- Global Bicycle Demand China exports low-end recreational bicycles, ing trends of using cycles to commute to 35% usually with a retail value of less than $100 in work is projected to drive sales of sports 30% places like the United States. Taiwan focuses bicycles in the country in the coming years. on high-end racing and mountain bicycles, Given the growing demand for sports bicy- 25% which are usually sold at around $400 [2]. cles in the country, many international play- 20% The general patterns of global bicycle sup- ers have introduced their products to the ply and demand are illustrated in Figure 2.1. Indian bicycle market. 15% 10% As per 2015 statistics, the USA bicycle mar- Although India has emerged as one of the ket was sized at around six billion USD and major manufacturers of bicycles in the 5% around 17.4 million units of bicycles were world, the country imports a considerable 0% sold there that year. Although USA-based number of high-end or premium bicycles manufacturers like Trek, Specialized and from other countries to address domes- Redline are popular bicycle brands in the tic demand for these bicycles. The Indian United States, the majority of products are bicycle market is projected to grow at a 2.4.1. Scope of the report concentrated mainly on the biomechanics manufactured abroad. Around 99% of bicy- compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of aspect, made evident from numerous publi- cles sold in the United States are in fact over 11%, during 2016-2021, on account The resurgence in the popularity of bicy- cations in this area [10, 11]. imported from China and Taiwan [3]. of a growing population base, increasing cles has resulted in an increasing demand discretionary spending, and rising health for new cycling methods and designs which In order to meet the competition in the In Australia, all major bicycle brands are consciousness among the people. In India, optimize the human power input. Due to global markets, manufacturers are trying manufactured overseas and imported into cycling is being swiftly adopted as a means increasing environmental concerns and an to innovate to improve the quality and the the country. In 2007, that number reached a to stay fit and as a popular recreational energy shortage there is a very strong incen- features in their bicycles and also to reduce record high of over 1.43 million units, before activity. Furthermore, many of the state tive to find ways to allow people to move the cost and price of the product. Target- falling to 1.1 million in 2008, and recovering governments have started to construct about using non-polluting human energy. ing the emerging market for lifestyle con- to 1.3 million units in 2013 [4]. dedicated bicycle lanes in major cities to Aside from being an alternative to motorized sumers, manufacturers are innovating in encourage cycling, as an environmentally transportation, the bicycle has seen renewed premium bicycles. Growth in the ‘specials In 2016, the Bicycle Association of Great friendly means of transportation. This is interest due to the health benefits derived segment’ (sport light roadsters, mountain Britain (BAGB) estimated that retail bicycle also projected to drive sales of bicycles from the aerobics of cycling itself. Over the terrain bicycles and children’s bicycles) sales in the UK account for 50% of turnover across the country in the coming years. [8] last several years, research in bicycling has was higher than in the ‘standard segment’

16 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 17 Overview of the Bicycle Industry

and this in turn opened up the opportuni- Many individuals assert credit for inventing There are conflicting reports whether Baron The advancement that made the bike a gen- ties for the bicycle industry. Different cycles the primary bicycle. In fact, the historical von Drais filed a patent for his Draisine uine type of transportation was introduced are being made to cater to the needs of dif- backdrop of the bicycle suggests that many when it was introduced in France, in 1818, by a Scottish metalworker around 1839. ferent demographic groups. individuals contributed ideas and develop- where it ended up plainly known as the Kirkpatrick Macmillan included pedals to ments in the manufacturing of bicycles and ‘velocipede’ (human powered vehicle with empower him to get up slopes and bicycles The purpose of this report is to investigate parts thereof. one or more wheels) [16]. started to develop in notoriety from that the patenting activity related to technolo- point on. This machine was known as the gies used in the bicycle sector. It provides a It was suggested that in 1792, a French The idea was picked up by various British velocipede (quick foot), yet was famously general overview and analysis of all patent man called Comte Mede de Sivrac invented cart wrights; the most striking was Denis known as the ‘bone shaker’ as it was made documents identified from the search. Infor- a bicycle with a high seat that he named Johnson of London who reported in late 1818 entirely from wood at that point; later metal mation related to the key applicants and ‘Celerifere’. There were no pedals and that he would offer an enhanced model. tyres were added [15]. inventors, their history of patenting activity the rider was said to have sat astride the New names were presented when Johnson and their technology strengths are identi- machine and pushed it along using alternate patented his machine ‘person on foot curri- However, the real improvement in bicycling fied and included in this report. It also tries feet [12]. However, it was reported that the cle’ or ‘velocipede’, however general society advancements came in the 1860s, when the to identify the emerging technology areas, two-wheeled Celerifere never existed and it favoured epithets like ‘side interest horse’, primary endeavours were made at includ- as well as some interesting patents in the was actually an error by the French column- after the youngsters’ toy, or ‘dandyhorse’, ing a driving component. This would be the bicycle sector, and summarizes the patent- ist Louis Baudry de Saunier in 1891 [13, 14]. after the dandy men who frequently rode start of the pedal bikes that are seen along ing activities in those areas. them. Johnson’s machine was a change on roads and walkways everywhere through- Around 1817, Baron Karl von Drais de Sauer- Drais’s, in effect outstandingly more exqui- out the world. These models started using brun, in Germany, included a moveable con- site; his wooden casing had a serpentine revolving wrenches which were joined to 2.5. History of Bicycle Patents trolling handle and called it the ‘Draisine’. shape, rather than Drais’ straight one, per- the front wheel pedals to power the bike The Baron invented the contraption, which mitting the utilization of bigger wheels with- forward [17]. 2.5.1. Evolution of the bicycle consisted of two same-estimate, in-line out raising the rider’s seat [17]. industry wheels (the front one steerable) mounted in a casing to enable him to get around Figure 2.4: Denis Johnson’s Ladies Walking Machine (1818-19) Vehicles for human transport that have two his illustrious gardens quicker. The gadget haggles adjusted by the rider, go back to was impelled by pushing the feet against the mid-nineteenth century. The term ‘bicy- the ground and also became known as the cle’ was instituted in France in the 1860s. ‘hobby horse made of wood’ [15].

Figure 2.2: The Celerifere (1792) Figure 2.3: The Draisine (1817)

18 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 19 2.5.2. Major bicycling advancements 1 4 5 U.S. Patent No. 59915 - Velocipede U.S. Patent No. 356095 - High-Wheelers and Safety Bicycles: 1880s and 1890s Figure 2.8: McCammon safety bicycle, 1884 Numerous courses of events put the date of the creation Penny-Farthings The improvement of the safety bicycle was ostensibly the of the main velocipede with pedals at different points all The high-wheeler bicycle was the logical extension of the most imperative change ever. It moved their utilization and through the 1860s. Maybe the earliest patents issued to bone shaker, the front wheel was enlarged to enable higher open public perception from being a perilous toy for sport- secure one of these vehicles was U.S. Patent No. 59915, speeds (limited by the inside leg measurement of the rider), ing young fellows to being an everyday transport instrument which is titled ‘Velocipede.’ The patent secures an inno- the rear wheel shrunk and the frame was made lighter. High- for men and women of all ages. In the mid-1880s, Eng- vation comprising of two haggles components for driv- wheeler bicycle, penny-farthing or ordinary are largely terms lishman James Starley started to make what he called the ing the wheels. In addition, the assembly incorporates used to depict an abnormal improvement in the field of bicy- ‘safety bicycle’, which had two likewise measured wheels an arrangement for controlling the velocipede and a cles amid the last parts of the nineteenth century. The size of and a major change – a chain and sprocket driven back segment that empowers a rider to adjust while driving the front wheel continued to grow as this allowed riders to wheel, with the pedals between the two wheels like current the vehicle. As the speed of the vehicle expands, it ends travel further with each pedal rotation. Progressions in met- bikes. Nonetheless, the bikes still had the hard elastic tyres, up noticeably less demanding for a rider to adjust while allurgy permitted bicycle creators to make items which were and without the long, stun engrossing spokes, the ride they driving. This patent was issued in November 1866 and made entirely out of lightweight metals, radically enhancing gave was significantly more awkward than any of the high was granted to Pierre Lallement of Paris, France [18]. the transportability of these vehicles. They accomplished wheel outlines [23]. their most extreme fame in 1873 and 1887, and a few models Figure 2.5: Pierre Lallement’s Improved velocipede achieved paces of up to 20 miles per hour. The construction (US59915A, 1866) of these penny-farthings, however, created a major safety 6 concern that spurred later improvements towards the con- U.S. Patent No. 415072 - temporary bicycle. The high-wheeler was front-wheel driven, Figure 2.9: Tandem Bicycle (US415072A, 1897) and with the pedals connected to the front wheel the focal Tandem Bicycle U.S. Patent No. 415072, entitled point of gravity for a rider was high and forward on the vehi- ‘Tandem Bicycle’, was issued cle. This made numerous riders lose their balance when to creators William Starley of attempting to stay away from obstacles and tumble forward Coventry, England, and Her- over the front wheel of the bicycle [21]. An example of a pat- bert S. Owen of Washington, ent filed for these high-wheelers is U.S. Patent No. 356095, DC, in November 1889. Patent filed by Chaeles A. Bouck in 1887 [22], diagrams show a tandem bicy- Figure 2.7: The high-wheeler or penny-farthing, 1873-87 cle assembly similar to the tandem bikes which are still some- times seen today [24]. 2 Rear Wheel Driven Velocipede Despite the fact that the 1860s can be viewed as the decade when the cutting edge advancement of the bike vigorously started, there are a few reports that place the innovation of a pedal-fuelled velocipede in Scotland amid the late 1830s. Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a metal forger from Dumfriesshire, is implied to have fabricated a rear wheel drive velocipede around 1839, where the vehicle was fuelled by a foot treadle. No patent was petitioned for the development, and there’s not a great deal of confirmation to help this claim which initially originates from Macmillan’s nephew [19].

3 U.S. Patent No. 89341 - Tricycle Figure 2.6: James Rankin’s Velocipede (US89341A, 1869) Various different design progressions were seen amid the velocipede time of bicycle improvement. Elastic tyres started to be initiated amid this time, and the earliest variants were nailed to the metal wheels of this model. Despite the fact that France grasped the velocipede in its early days, American riders took to 7 this individual type of transportation by the late nineteenth century. U.S. Patent No. 89341, which is titled Advancements at the End of 19th Century Bicycles even brought about a great social revolution as ‘Improved Velocipede’, was issued to James Rankin of The pneumatic tyre was first introduced to the bicycle by they enhanced the mobility of women and also allowed Detroit, Michigan, in April 1869. This development prof- an Irishman, Dunlop, who was trying to give his young son the poor to travel greater distances in search of work. By its by the presentation of metal balls into the assem- a more comfortable ride on his tricycle. Soon after, the rear the turn of the century, cycling clubs flourished on both bling of velocipedes to help the movement of the trea- freewheel was developed enabling the rider to drift. This sides of the Atlantic, and touring and racing became dles, or the foot pedals, which grant movement to the refinement led to the 1890’s invention of coaster brakes. widely popular. There were dramatic increases in the vehicle. This plan uses a grip gadget and pulley outline, Gears and hand-operated wire-pull brakes were also devel- speed of racing bicycles as new revolutionary and long- which makes nonstop rotating movement to the axles, oped during these years, but were only slowly adopted by term changes were introduced, such as lightweight steel allowing smoother movement [20]. casual riders [25]. frames with thin wall tubing [25].

20 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 21 Overview of the Bicycle Industry

8 2.5.3. Current developments than vulcanized rubber is discussed within The Roadster - 20th Century Figure 2.10: A traditional gents’ roadster U.S. Patent No. 8770243 (2014), entitled A roadster bicycle is a kind Today, lots of innovations in bicycles have ‘Bicycle Tire’. This patent was assigned to of utility bike once utilized evolved such as: index shifting; rear cas- Fine Chemical Company of Korea and it pro- around the world, and still settes; increased gearing; aerodynamic tects the manufacturing of a bicycle tyre normal in Asia, Africa, Latin wheels, and ceramic bearings. There is elec- composed of foaming, synthetic, resin mate- America, and a few sections tronic gear shifting, where battery powered rials. This construction method is designed of Europe. Amid the previ- buttons trigger a solenoid that sends signals to use eco-friendly materials while prevent- ous couple of decades, styled to the derailleur. Some cycles also come ing the tyre from unexpectedly separating roadster bikes have regained equipped with power meters that have com- from the rim during use. [30] prevalence in the Western puterised systems to track the rider’s heart world, especially as a way of rate and power output in watts. Today’s U.S. Patent No. 8781690 (2014), issued life or fashion statement in an bikes are lighter, more efficient, function under the title ‘Bicycle Seat Position Indica- urban domain. The ladies’ ver- better and pack a lot more speed. Unlike a tor’ and assigned to Shimano Inc. of Osaka, sion of the roadster’s design car that has a shell covering most of its parts, Japan, protects a seat position indicator con- was very much in place by the a bicycle has many components that interact nected to a controlling device. This indicator 1890s. It had a step-through with airflow producing a series of perturba- sends a signal to the controller regarding frame rather than the dia- tions resulting in drag. For instance, the fork the height of the seat relative to the height mond frame of the gentle- attached to the front wheel throws up a lot of the rider and can indicate to the rider that men’s model so that ladies of disturbed air. To make cycles more aero- a height adjustment should be made [31]. could easily mount and ride dynamic, some designers have significantly Finally, a microcomputer and drive assis- their bicycles wearing dresses Figure 2.11: Ladies’ roadster of classic design reduced drag by hiding the front brake inside tance electric motor disclosed within U.S. and skirts. Commonly came the front fork and lowering the rear brake Patent No. 8781663 (2014), titled ‘Bicy- with a guard to prevent such down toward the bottom bracket of the bicycle Drive Apparatus’. This patent is also clothing becoming entangled cle where the air is already turbulent [27, 28]. assigned to Shimano Inc., and it protects a in the rear wheel and spokes. bicycle with a drive apparatus which has no As with the gents’ roadster, Tyre safety and lights for improved rider vis- need for a shift position sensor, simplifying the frame was of steel con- ibility during the night are featured in a cou- the construction of this vehicle compared to struction and the positioning ple of recently issued patents. U.S. Patent prior models. The bicycle is still powered by of the frame and handlebars No. 8770808 (2014), which is titled ‘Bicy- pedalling, but the microcomputer issues a gave the rider a very upright cle Tail Light’, protects an adjustable bicy- shift command to the transmission to shift riding position. Though they cle light using a light-emitting diode (LED) gears automatically [32]. originally came with front light source and a versatile mount that can spoon-brakes, technologi- attach to a luggage rack, chain stay or seat The design and construction of bicycles has cal advancements meant that post. Assigned to Light & Motion Industries remained largely unchanged over the course later models were equipped of Marina, CA, the patent’s description dis- of the past century. There is, however, a with the much-improved cusses how the invention is designed to great deal of innovation still being created by coaster brakes or rod-actuated create greater light output and increase the bikemakers across the world. Many of these rim or drum-brakes [26]. ease of replacing batteries [29]. A method inventions are related to improvements in of making bicycle tyres from materials other comfort and safety for bicycle riders.

22 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 23 PATENT ANALYSIS FOR TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BICYCLE SECTOR (2007-2017) 3

3.1. Aims and Objectives The combination strategy was selected keeping in view the merits of using IPC and The report aims to investigate the trends in keywords together in the broad field of patenting activity related to technologies land vehicles, excluding rails, specified by used in the manufacturing of bicycles and the class B62, in general, and then select- their major parts. The study highlights the ing the inventions related to mechanically global scenario of the patenting activity in driven cycles, in particular. IPCs are used the bicycle sector and then narrows down by the majority of patent jurisdictions to trends in five major bicycle producing coun- classify technologies and are regarded as tries: China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan and India. the best tool to get results for non-English The first four are the top countries for innova- speaking countries. The keywords helped tions registered as patents and utility models in targeting bicycle-related technologies in this sector, in order of the number of total for a better analysis. The corresponding filings in the last 10 years, i.e. 2007 to 2017. Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) was also referred to to supplement IPC search results. 3.2. Strategy Initially IPC definitions searched for terms Patents related to different technologies which specifically cover any subject mat- involved in manufacturing a mechanically ter within the scope of the report. The IPC driven cycle and its parts were searched class B62 ‘Land vehicles for travelling oth- based on a combined strategy that used erwise than on rails’ was identified and International Patent Classification (IPC) subclasses within it were further scruti- codes along with the selected keywords. nized to identify technological fields con- This strategy was used to retrieve informa- cerned with mechanically driven bicycles, tion on granted patents and patent appli- unicycles or tricycle. The 5 IPC subclasses cations that were published in the last 10 B62H, B62J, B62K, B62L and B62M were years, 2007-2017, relating to the bicycle finalised to carry out the present study sector; the Derwent Innovation database based on their relevance to the scope of was used that has patent data from 50 present analysis. The descriptions of all patent issuing authorities and 2 journal the subclasses belonging to the class B62 sources, i.e. data from over 80 countries. are provided in Table 3.1.

Patent Analysis | 25 Patent Analysis for Technologies in the Bicycle Sector (2007-2017)

Table 3.1: Description of subclasses belonging to IPC/CPC class B62 approximately half (27,563) INPADOC fami- 152 and 125 patent families respectively. lies were reported. This clearly highlights the The number of actual patent records held IPC code Description potential of bicycle technologies in alternate by these companies in various countries is markets in view of the open global market far more exhaustive and out of the scope of B62B Hand-propelled vehicles, e.g. hand carts or perambulators; sledges regime and the high demand for improved this study due to the limitations of the Der- B62C Vehicles drawn by animals bicycles due to better road connectivity, went Innovation database. However, the B62D Vehicles; trailers growing health consciousness, shrinking basic technologies developed or protected Cycle stands; supports or holders for parking or storing cycles; appliances parking spaces, etc. The top 15 countries by these companies are actually reflected B62H preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of cycles; locks integral with were plotted for patent publications to find in the numbers mentioned above. Shimano cycles; devices for learning to ride cycles the most innovative countries in this tech- KK, Japan is far ahead of its counterparts in Cycle saddles or seats; accessories peculiar to cycles and not otherwise nology sector (Figure 3.1). The four leading the industry and has been consistently filing B62J provided for, e.g. article carriers or cycle protectors countries from the sector are: China, that for technologies for bicycle hand actuating has the most publications in the bicycle gear mechanisms, levers and brake actuat- Cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices; rider-operated terminal controls sector with 16785 INPADOC patent records, ing mechanisms, thus capturing the moun- specially adapted for cycles; cycle axle suspensions; cycle sidecars, B62K followed by Taiwan with 4990, the USA with tain bikes domain (Figure 3.4). forecars, or the like 3279, and Korea with 2562. B62L Brakes specially adapted for cycles Figure 3.1: Top 15 countries for innovations Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles or sledges; powered propulsion of It is also interesting to note that out of in the bicycle sector B62M sledges or cycles; transmissions specially adapted for such vehicles the of 53,941 patent records in the last 10 years, 13171 were granted patents in differ- CN ent jurisdictions, 15147 were utility models US The analysis was carried out based on the ‘bicycle’ and ‘tricycle’ but with an exclusion while 25623 patent applications were pro- TW EP International Patent Documents (INPADOC) of ‘hand carts’, ‘animal driven vehicles’, cessed at different legal stages (Figure 3.2). KR family records for a particular trend. This ‘battery operated bikes’, ‘solar and e-bikes’ The number of utility patents is significantly JP was aimed to study the patent records base and all other motorized two wheelers and high in the bicycle sector owing to the small DE WO available in the particular technology class. vehicles. Thus a combination strategy with improvements being developed in bicycles GB The INPADOC family is a set of all patent IPC and keywords along with a limitation of related to ease of handling, comfort and FR documents filed by the assignee in different being published in the last 10 years, i.e. from control of the machine. The most innova- CA countries for the same technology/inven- 2007-2017, was used to fetch data from the tive countries in this field of technology, AU AT tion. The analysis of the data and charts Derwent Innovation database and the Indian namely China, Taiwan, Japan, and Korea, ES prepared for the illustration of trends in this Patent Office’s INPASS database (for patents all provide utility model protection in their RU report has been based on the INPADOC fam- filed in India). Representative examples of jurisdictions which equates to a significant ilies retrieved to avoid duplication of results 30 patent documents belonging to different number of total patent applications filed for for technologies originating in a particular categories of technology are provided in the bicycle-related inventions. Figure 3.2: Distribution of global patent country and simultaneously being protected annexure along with their abstracts. records in the bicycle sector w.r.t their in many other countries. A closer analysis of the global publication legal status trend over the last ten years also indicates The corresponding CPC class was found to 3.3. Overview of Bicycle- the growth of innovations in the sector. 28k be B62 and the subclasses, groups and The curve consistently rises from 2474 pat- Documents 24k 25623 subgroups within the class B62 were found Related Patents ent publications in 2007, which approxi- to be the same in both IPC and CPC clas- Published Worldwide mately doubled to 4131 publications in 2015 20k sification. Another IPC/CPC class that was (Figure 3.3). This rise is also justified by the 16k identified to be relevant was the subgroup In the last 10 years, a total of 53,941 patent/ recent growth of the fitness/ exercise equip- 15147 E05B that includes patents for technologies utility model applications/granted patents ment sector as well as racing cycles. 12k 13171 related to bicycle locks. were published by various patent issuing 8k jurisdictions around the world for technolo- Furthermore, Shimano KK, Japan, Taicang 4k Keywords were used selectively to build up a gies related to bicycles and their parts. Fur- Chezhongbao Leisure AR, China and Cam- search strategy so as to include all mechan- thermore, it was observed that out of the pagnolo SRL, Italy emerged as the global 0 ically driven cycles such as ‘unicycle’, total 53,941 patent applications published, leaders in the applicant category with 941,

26 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 27 Patent Analysis for Technologies in the Bicycle Sector (2007-2017)

Figure 3.3: Year wise distribution of patent documents in the last 10 years Analysis of the patents published in the pillars. A list of the top 15 IPCs of the world- last 10 years vis-à-vis technologies they are wide patent records in the last decade, the 5000 associated with, revealed that most appli- document count in each class, and a brief cations have been filed for technologies clarification of each subclass is provided in 4000 related to collapsible or foldable cycles fol- Table 3.2 below. lowed by cycle saddles, frames and seat 3000 Table 3.2: Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle-related technologies published worldwide in 2000 the last 10 years

Document 1000 Current IPC Technology Percentage count 0 B62K 15/00 Collapsible or foldable cycles 2648 20.14% 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms 466 3.50% B62M 25/04 specially adapted for cycles Subject matter not provided for in other groups of Figure 3.4: Top 10 global applicant/assignees for technologies in the bicycle sector 922 6.92.% B62J 99/00 this subclass 1000 B62M 3/00 Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot 897 6.73% Saddles or other seats for cycles; arrangement 1084 8.13% B62J 1/00 thereof; component parts 800 Frames for saddles; connections between saddle 1097 8.23% B62J 1/08 frames and seat pillars; seat pillars Brake-actuating mechanisms 710 5.33% 600 B62L 3/02 controlled by hand levers B62M 3/08 Pedals 895 6.71% 400 Supporting devices for attaching articles of definite 1072 8.04% B62J 11/00 shape to cycles, e.g. for maps, umbrellas, bottles Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with rotary 563 4.22%. 200 B62M 1/36 cranks, e.g. with pedal cranks B62K 9/00 Children’s cycles 976 7.32%

0 B62K 23/06 Cycle levers 312 2.34% Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms B62M 25/08 specially adapted for cycles with electrical or fluid 240 1.80% transmitting systems B62K 21/12 Handlebars; handlebar stems 685 5.14% B62K 3/00 Bicycles 726 5.45%

Source for all graphics in this and previous pages: Derwent Innovation (www.derwentinnovation.com) Source: Derwent Innovation

28 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 29 Patent Analysis for Technologies in the Bicycle Sector (2007-2017)

3.4. Country Wise Trends for Figure 3.5: Top 15 country applicants filing The year wise publication distribution high- The surge of technologies filed in China were patents for bicycle technologies in China lighted an increase in the number of patent in the field of collapsible or foldable cycles Bicycle Patents documents filed from 1196 in 2007, to 1528 (IPC B62K 15/00), cycle saddles (B62J 1/00) CN documents in 2011, rising steeply to 2804 and support devices for attaching devices to 3.4.1. China US documents in 2015 (Figure 3.8). bicycles (B62J 11/00). Other major fields of EP technology are reflected in Table 3.3 below. Figure 3.5 highlights that approximately 75% TW DE of the total patent documents filed in China JP Figure 3.8: Year wise distribution of patent documents in China in the last 10 years were by done so by Chinese nationals. The WO USA emerged as the second largest player, KR 3000 IT in terms of patent publications in China, AT with 1162 documents, followed by Taiwan CA with 994 documents. The top 3 players are AU the same worldwide and in China signifying FR 2000 ES the importance of the Chinese market due GB to its huge manufacturing potential for the bicycle industry. Figure 3.6: Distribution of patent records 1000 It is interesting to note that almost equal in the bicycle sector in China w.r.t their numbers of patent applications and utility legal status model publications (around 11,000) were reported in the last 10 years in China against 12k 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 the 5879 patents granted (Figure 3.6). Documents 10k

Among the top assignees of the patents in 8k Table 3.3: Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle-related technologies published in China China, Shimano KK, Japan held 611 patent 6k Document Percent- family records, Taicang Chezhongbao Lei- Current IPC Description of technology sure AR, China held 152 INPADOC patent count age records and Pang Mingfang, China held 138 4k B62K 15/00 Collapsible or foldable cycles 2047 23.83% Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms special for cycles 300 3.49% patent family records. Other major appli- 2k B62M 25/04 cants included subsidiaries of Shimano, B62J 99/00 Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass 440 5.12% namely Shimano Inc., Shimano Corp., and 0 B62J 1/00 Saddles or other seats for cycles; Arrangement thereof; component parts 636 7.40% Campagnolo SPA. B62L 3/02 Brake-actuating mechanisms for control by a hand lever 441 5.13% Supporting devices for attaching articles of definite shape to cycles, 635 7.39%. Figure 3.7: Top 10 assignees for patents published in China for bicycle technologies in the B62J 11/00 e.g. for maps, umbrellas, bottles last 10 years B62M 3/00 Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot 402 4.68% Frames for saddles; connections between saddle frames and seat 575 6.69% 600 B62J 1/08 pillars; seat pillars Panniers, saddle bags, or other containers specially adapted to be 625 7.28% B62J 9/00 attached to cycles 400 B62M 03/08 Pedals 444 5.17% Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with with reciprocating levers, B62M 1/24 474 5.52.% 200 e.g. foot levers B62K 3/00 Bicycles 466 5.42% Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with rotary cranks, e.g. with 269 3.13% 0 B62M 1/36 pedal cranks B62K 19/00 Cycle Frames 440 5.12% Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices on cycles, the 397 4.62% B62J 6/00 mounting or supporting thereof or circuits thereof

Source for table and all graphics in this and previous pages: Derwent Innovation (www.derwentinnovation.com)

30 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 31 Patent Analysis for Technologies in the Bicycle Sector (2007-2017)

3.4.2. Taiwan Figure 3.9: Top 15 country applicants filing The year wise publication distribution, connections between saddle frames and patents for bicycle technologies in Taiwan highlighted in Figure 3.12 below, shows seat pillars (IPC B62K 1/08) with 10.22% of Around 60% of the patent documents filed in peaks in patenting activity in 2009, 2013 the total documents; hand levers for control Taiwan were by Taiwanese nationals, as shown TW and 2016. However, numbers have risen of cycles (B62L 3/02 or B62K 23/06) with in Figure 3.9. As in China, similar trends were US from 428 documents filed in 2007 to 790 in 9.28% of the total documents, and for col- observed with the USA being the second larg- CN 2009, and 775 in 2016. lapsible or foldable cycles (IPC B62K 15/00) EP est contributor of patent publications in Tai- DE with 8.58% of the total documents. Other wan with 1082 documents, followed by China JP The major fields of bicycle technology filed major fields are listed in Table 3.4 below. with 878 documents. These figures are again WO in Taiwan were in: frames for saddles and suggestive of the strong competition between IT AU China and the USA in terms of patenting activ- CA Figure 3.12: Year wise distribution of patent documents in Taiwan in the last 10 years ity in the bicycle sector. Interestingly, Germany FR emerged as the fourth largest player, followed AT 1000 by the European Union in terms of patent pub- GB KR lications in Taiwan. ES 800

In Taiwan, the numbers of patent applica- 600 tions filed in the last ten years is approxi- Figure 3.10: Distribution of patent records mately double, 6757, that of utility model in the bicycle sector in Taiwan w.r.t their 400 publications, 3801, and granted patents, legal status 3002, as shown in Figure 3.10. This is a strong indicator of patenting activities in 7k 200 6757 Documents Taiwan increasing in the last 10 years with a 6k lot of applications still awating the decision 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 from the authorities on the grant of patents. 5k 4k Among the top assignees of the patents in Tai- 3801 3k Table 3.4: Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle- related technologies published in Taiwan wan, Shimano KK, Japan along with its subsid- 3002 2k Document Percent- iary Shimano Inc., are the front runners with Current IPC Description of technology count age 573 and 126 patent family records respec- 1k tively. Campagnolo SRL held 84 patent family B62M 25/04 Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles 204 8.34% 0 records, followed by JD Components Co. Ltd., B62L 3/02 Brake-actuating mechanisms for control by a hand lever 227 9.28% and Specialized Bicycle Components. B62M 3/00 Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot 193 7.89% B62K 23/06 Levers 176 7.19% Figure 3.11: Top 10 assignees for patents published in Taiwan for bicycle technologies in Transmissions characterized by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like the last 10 years B62M 9/10 involving different-sized wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, 133 5.44% or the like 600 Frames for saddles; connections between saddle frames and seat 250 10.22% B62J 1/08 pillars; seat pillars B62K 15/00 Collapsible or foldable cycles 210 8.58% 400 B62M 1/36 Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with rotary cranks 84 3.43% Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for 141 5.76% B62M 25/08 cycles with electrical or fluid transmitting systems 200 B62M 03/08 Pedals 184 7.52% B62J 99/00 Subject matter not provided for in other subgroups of this subclass 132 5.39% 0 B62J 1/00 Saddles or other seats for cycles; Arrangement thereof; component parts 116 4.74% B62K 23/02 Hand-actuated rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles 160 6.54% F16H 55/30 Chain wheels (specially adapted for cycles B62M) 92 3.76% B62M 9/00 Transmissions characterized by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like 145 5.93% Source for table and all graphics in this and previous pages: Derwent Innovation (www.derwentinnovation.com)

32 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 33 Patent Analysis for Technologies in the Bicycle Sector (2007-2017)

3.4.3. United States of America Figure 3.13: Top 15 country applicants filing Shimano KK is the leading applicant for bicy- sector varied from the common trends in patents for bicycle technologies in the USA cle-related patents filed in the USA with 308 other major countries. The top three fields The USA is one of the most important and bus- family patents. Other prominent assignees during the study period in the USA were: iest patent issuing authorities in the world and US of bicycle patents include: Specialized Bicy- construction of cranks operated by hand or hence very valuable from the perspective of EP cle Components with 60 patent families; foot that convert reciprocal motion gener- studying the global patenting trends. In the TW Campagnolo SRL with 51; SRAM DE GMBH ated by pedalling to circular motion; saddles CN bicycle sector it is the top non-Asian and third DE with 40; SRAM LLC with 38, and TREK Bicycle or other seats for cycles, and bicycle frames largest player worldwide, as Figure 3.13 high- WO Corp. with 36 patent families (Figure 3.16). (Table 3.5). Furthermore, collapsible cycles, lights. After the USA, which is the top applicant JP which dominated patent activity in other CA in its own country with a 38% share, Taiwan AU It was observed that the main technology jurisdictions, was only 3.96% in the USA. emerges as a major country with 757 applica- FR area of patents filed in the USA in the bicycle tions, followed closely by the European Union GB and China with 716 and 687 applications filed KR AT Figure 3.16: Top 10 assignees for patents published in the USA for bicycle technologies in with USPTO respectively. Germany, which is a ES the last 10 years major automobile manufacturer, closely fol- IT lowed China with 602 patent applications in 400 the bicycle sector. The country wise distribu- 300 tion of patent applications received by USPTO in the last decade is presented in Figure 3.13. Figure 3.14: Distribution of patent records 200 in the bicycle sector in the USA w.r.t their 100 As the USA does not grant utility model pro- legal status tection, the total patent records were segre- 0 gated on the basis of publication and grant. 2.4k The number of patent applications published Documents during the last decade in the USA was 2107, 2.0k 2107 in various stages of processing, while 1418 1.6k have been granted (Figure 3.14). 1418 1.2k As expected, the trend of patent publications Table 3.5: Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle-related technologies published in the USA for bicycle and bicycle-related technologies 800 Document Per- has been on the rise in the last 10 years. The Current IPC Description of technology published patent applications reached 382 400 count centage in 2007, steadily rising to 519 in 2013, before B62M 3/00 Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot 177 9.74% 0 maintaining the same trajectory in 2016 with B62M 25/04 Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles 123 6.77% a slight dip in 2014 (Figure 3.15). B62M 03/08 Pedals 140 7.71% B62M 1/36 Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with rotary cranks 123 6.77% Figure 3.15: Year wise distribution of patent documents in the USA in the last 10 years B62L 3/02 Brake-actuating mechanisms for control by a hand lever 144 7.93% B62J 1/00 Saddles or other seats for cycles; arrangement thereof; component parts 169 9.30% 600 Transmissions characterized by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like involv- 112 6.16% B62M 9/10 ing different-sized wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like Frames for saddles; connections between saddle frames and seat pillars; 159 8.75% B62J 1/08 seat pillars 400 B62K 23/06 Levers 120 6.60% G05G 1/30 Foot actuated controlling members 40 2.20% B62K 15/00 Collapsible or foldable cycles 72 3.96% 200 B62K 21/12 Handlebars; handlebar stems 124 6.82% B62K 3/02 Bicycle Frames 161 8.86% B62K 25/02 Axle suspension for mounting axles rigidly on cycle frame or fork, e.g. adjustably 74 4.07% B62K 19/36 Cycle frames for attaching saddle pillars, e.g. adjustable during ride 79 4.35% 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Source for table and all graphics in this and previous pages: Derwent Innovation (www.derwentinnovation.com)

34 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 35 Patent Analysis for Technologies in the Bicycle Sector (2007-2017)

3.4.4. Korea Figure 3.17: Top 15 country applicants filing Most patent documents published during the or foldable cycles codified by subclass patents for bicycle technologies in Korea study time were from the technology areas B62K 15/00, and forked supports for hold- Korean applicants dominate patent filing of: supports for parking or storing cycles ing the wheel during parking codified by sub- in the bicycle sector in their country with KR codified by subclass B62H 3/00; collapsible class B62H 3/04, as listed in Table 3.6 below. almost 74% share, as depicted in Figure 3.17. WO Among the foreign applicants, PCT applica- US tions represent the highest share with 282 CN EP Figure 3.20: Top 10 assignees for patents published in Korea for bicycle technologies in documents, followed by competitive num- JP the last 10 years bers from China and the USA at 129 and 125 TW documents respectively. CA 25 AU DE 20 Like Taiwan, in Korea the number of pat- ES ent applications for bicycle technologies GB 15 is approximately twice the number of the RU HK 10 granted patents in the last 10 years. How- IL ever, the number of utility models is much 5 lower at 413 records (Figure 3.18). 0

The publication trend in Korea has wit- Figure 3.18: Distribution of patent records nessed a decline since 2011. The number of in the bicycle sector in Korea w.r.t their publications has reduced by a half in the last legal status six years, from 500 records in 2011 to 223 records in 2017, as depicted in Figure 3.19. 3.0k Documents In Korea, Kwon Hyeok Suk, Mando Corp., 2.5k Table 3.6: Top 15 IPC subclasses for bicycle-related technologies published in Korea and Choi Jin Man emerged as the top three 2.0k Document applicants for patent filing related to bicy- Current IPC Description of technology Percentage count cle technologies, possessing 21, 19 and 1.5k 15 family patents respectively. Other close B62K 15/00 Collapsible or foldable cycles 196 10.03% competitors include CHOI In Sup, IG Card- 1.0k B62H 3/00 Separate supports or holders for parking or storing cycles 231 11.82% board Technologies, and Bettin Karsten B62K 17/00 Convertible cycles not otherwise provided for 166 8.50% (Figure 3.20). It is interesting to note the 500 B62J 99/00 Subject matter not provided for in other groups of B62J 177 9.06% absence of Shimano KK, Japan in the Korean Separate supports or holders for parking or storing cycles involving 0 186 9.52% bicycle market which is the leader in almost B62H 3/04 forked supports or brackets for holding a wheel all other major country players. B62M 3/00 Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot 135 6.91% Frames for saddles; connections between saddle frames and seat 115 5.89% Figure 3.19: Year wise distribution of patent documents in Korea in the last 10 years B62J 1/08 pillars; seat pillars B62J 1/00 Saddles or other seats for cycles; arrangement thereof 74 3.79% 600 B62M 03/08 Pedals 107 5.48% Separate supports or holders for parking or storing cycles separate 129 6.60% B62H 03/08 supports or holders for parking or storing cycles Appliances preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of 400 125 6.40% B62H 5/00 cycles; locks integral with cycles B62M 1/36 Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with rotary cranks 74 3.79 % Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, B62M 1/24 99 5.07% 200 e.g. foot levers Saddles resiliently mounted on the frame; equipment thereof, 97 4.96% B62J 1/02 e.g. springs B62K 9/02 Tricycles 43 2.20% 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Source for table and all graphics in this and previous pages: Derwent Innovation (www.derwentinnovation.com)

36 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 37 Patent Analysis for Technologies in the Bicycle Sector (2007-2017)

3.4.5. Indian Scenario France with 17, and China with 12 (Figure 3.22). and Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kai- technological domain by China in this sec- It is interesting to note that most of the Indian sha with 16 grants. The second country, in tor and its dominance in the manufacturing The INPASS database was selected to retrieve patent applications were filed by individuals terms of highest granted patents, was India sector. In contrast, the number of patent fil- information regarding filed and granted pat- whereas those filed by foreign entities were itself with 14 grants in the last 10 years ings in the USA suggests its emergence as a ents as it provides comprehensive information mainly from industry. Only 5 patent applica- (Figure 3.23). Other countries had much second leading player in the bicycle sector. of the IP filings in India, which is comparatively tions were filed by Indian academic institu- fewer or negligible numbers. lacking in the Derwent Innovation database. tions during the reporting period. Over the years, the R&D focus in the sector Figure 3.23: Top countries for granted has changed from basic frames to need- The patent search in the INPASS database Figure 3.22: Top countries for patent appli- patents in India in the last 10 years in the based technologies like foldable cycles, gave 321 results for patent applications and cations filed in India in the last 10 years in bicycle sector geared bikes and improvements in cycle 76 results for granted patents that were pub- the bicycle sector saddles. These have emerged due to a lished for technologies related to the bicycle shortage of parking spaces, a rise in the sector in the last 10 years. Both these result demand for exercise and recreation equip- sets were thoroughly analysed. ment, and enhanced comfort during their India Singapore usage. Shimano KK, Japan has been the Italy The trend of patent applications published United States global leader in mountain bike technology, for bicycle-related inventions in India in Korea possessing the most patent holdings, while Taiwan the last 10 years showed a peak in activity Campagnolo, Italy has captured the road USA in 2016, wherein 76 applications were pub- Switzerland cycling and track cycling sectors. Japan lished, out of which 33 were filed by Indian Canada nationals and 43 were by foreign appli- Germany Despite India having a strong manufacturing cants (Figure 3.21). The overall distribution base for bicycle components, especially in showed no specific trend. Taiwan Ludhiana, Punjab, the number of patent filings in India is minimal compared to other juris- The country wise distribution of patents dictions. This may be due to the lack of util- applications revealed that Indian nationals The top foreign applicants that filed for ity model protection in India, which prevails filed the most patents in this sector with The scenario for granted applications dif- bicycle-related technologies in India were in most of the other top countries reported. 124 applications, followed by Italy with 37 fered from others in the bicycle sector, as the Shimano Inc., Japan (37); Campagnolo SRL, MSMEs, generally, opt out of patenting their pending patent applications at the Indian highest number of patents were granted for Italy (20); Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kai- minor improvements, which could be due to Patent Office. Other prominent players were: Japan (41). These granted patents belonged sha, Japan (16); M. D’a. Francesco Riondato, stricter requirements for patents compared Korea with 20 applications; the USA and to two applicants, namely Shimano Inc., Italy (9), and Michelin Recherche Et Tech- to utility models. The low numbers of patents Japan with 19; Germany and Taiwan with 18; Japan with 25 grants for their applications nique S.A, France (7). may also be attributed to low R&D inputs in this sector, both by industry and academic institutions. Parallel to other top applicants Figure 3.21: Patent applications and grants published in India in the last 10 years in the 3.5. Conclusions worldwide, the Indian bicycle industry par- bicycle sector ticularly needs to focus on geared and col- Bicycle technology has been evolving since lapsible bicycles to capture the high-end 80 the nineteenth century and has witnessed bicycle market which has a huge potential in No. of Patent Patents Granted tremendous growth in its scope and mar- the developing countries. To date, only 5 pat- Applications kets. The present study aimed to provide a ent applications have been filed by academic 60 broad overview of the trends in patent filing institutions. These institutions, especially in this sector, worldwide and in five major engineering institutions, need to take up 40 countries (including India). research projects in collaboration with industry partners to generate need-based improve- China has emerged as the top patent holder ments in the bicycle technology sector that 20 of technologies in the bicycle and bicycle result in protectable IP in the form of patents parts sector, which is similar to trends in and industrial designs. This industry-institute other fields of technology. The higher num- partnership will not only lead to strengthening 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 ber of Chinese patent documents points of India’s IP portfolio but will also result in the towards future monopolization of the production of skilled manpower for the sector.

38 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 39 INDUSTRIAL DESIGN ANALYSIS FOR THE BICYCLE SECTOR 4

4.1. Introduction industrial design registrations made under the Hague system and the participating Apart from patents, industrial design is an national offices including: Canada; USA; important intellectual property right which Spain; Indonesia; New Zealand, and Japan. provides protection for novel and innova- tively designed products. Design plays an Study data was retrieved from the Global important role and is one of the prime fac- Design Database by integrating keywords tors for the selection of the product. Apart and design subclasses, as per the Locarno from the technology, the major factor com- classification, in the combination strategy. manding the demand of the product is dic- The subclass 12-11 which includes designs tated by innovation in its design. There- of ‘Means of Transport or hoisting’ specif- fore, an analysis of designs registered for ically for ‘cycles and motorcycles’ was tar- bicycles and their components was under- geted to search with the keywords ‘bicycle’ taken for a holistic understanding of trends or ‘cycle’ excluding all ‘motorcycle, scooter in innovation in the bicycle sector. Design and car’ designs. The data was further registrations provide protection to the screened for designs registered in the last novel design of marketable products for a 10 years, i.e. 2007-2017. maximum period of 15 years, after an initial grant term of 10 years that can be renewed for another 5 years. Furthermore, the WIPO 4.3. Design Analysis administered Hague system provides a mechanism for registering an industrial A total of 552 designs were retrieved from the design in several countries by means of a Global Design Database for novel industrial single application, filed in one language, designs of bicycles and their various parts with one set of fees. during 2007-2017. These included designs of complete bicycles as well as parts thereof including: cycle frames; saddles; sprockets; 4.2. Methodology parking racks; pedals etc. From these, 484 design records were sourced from the USA, An international design search was con- 13 from New Zealand, 2 from Japan and 53 ducted on WIPO’s Global Design Database were international applications filed under which contains a collection of worldwide the Hague system.

Patent Analysis | 41 Industrial Design Analysis for the Bicycle Sector

The top applicants for design registrations registrations are as shown in Figure 4.2. It is The bicycle designs have been registered for maximizing comfort and ease during ride. In between. 2007-2017 along with the num- highlighted that apart from applications cov- improvements in bicycle ergonomics along the last decade, Tampa Bay Recreation LLC, ber of design registrations are shown in ering the complete design of bicycles, the with enhancing the aesthetic appeal of the USA emerged as the largest holder of bicy- Figure 4.1. Tampa Bay Recreation LLC, USA most design innovations were recorded in final product. A total of 71 design records cle seat design registrations with 22 design have the most designs registered for sad- bicycle parts, namely, bicycle frames, bicy- were found for complete bicycle designs, records, while Steven G. Toll emerged as the dles (22), Robert Faber for bicycle carriers cle carrier/racks and saddles. Furthermore, whereas 26 were for electric bicycles/ parts top individual applicant with 8 bicycle seat and Robert Bosch GmbH has design registra- the domain of bicycle racks included: sta- thereof and 16 for foldable bicycle designs. designs registered in his name. tions for a bicycle frame element configured tionery bicycle stands fixed to the bicycle; Bewegen Technologies Inc., CA and Yosuke to receive an accumulator. stands for parking bicycles, and multiple Tanaka, JP were among the top applicants International design registrations under the parking racks and carriers to be mounted on for design registrations for electric bicycles. Hague system were mainly filed for bicycle The top ten bicycle and bicycle parts with cars for the transportation of bicycles. frames (13 registrations), complete bicycles the most innovative industrial design Furthermore, analysis of the design regis- (11 registrations) and electric bicycles (11 tration records revealed that the applicants registrations). A few illustrative design regis- with the most design registrations for cycle trations are provided in Annexure VI. Figure 4.1: Top design applicants in the bicycle and bicycle parts sector during 2007-2017 frames were: Joakim Uimonen, Finland with 10 registered designs for foldable bicycle 25 frames; Specialized Bicycle Components No. of Designs Registere d 4.4. Analysis of Designs Regis- 20 Inc., USA with 8 designs, and Frogbikes Ltd., UK with 4 registered designs for bicy- tered in the Bicycle Sector 15 cle frames. in India During 2007-2017

10 Another important component witnessing The design registration search was con- high innovation is ‘bicycle carriers’. Inven- ducted on the Indian Patent Office official 5 tor Robert Farber, Canada had 12 registered website to assess the status of design reg- 0 designs for hitch/trunk mount bicycle car- istrations in the Indian bicycle sector in riers and anti-sway bicycle mounts during class 12-11, which is dedicated to cycles the study period, while Joseph Flaherty, and motorcycles. In total, 530 results were USA registered 7 designs for carrier racks to obtained for bicycles and their parts, out of be attached to cars for the transportation of which approximately half, 264 design regis- bicycles. Apart from these, design innovation trations, were applications by Tube Invest- in parking stand/rack(s) with multiple bicy- ments of India Ltd. for almost all compo- cle storage in less space is also significant. nents like bicycle frames, baskets, pedals Figure 4.2: Design registration distribution among bicycle and bicycle parts etc. Hero cycles Ltd., which is one of the Saddles have also been an important com- major players in the Indian bicycle industry,

1 0 ponent for the IP generation, both for pat- has 70 registered designs in its name. Other 12. . 2 16 3 % % ents and designs. The technology and style major applicants included Decathlon, Avon .4 % are both constantly being improved for Cycles and Eastman Industries Ltd. Bicycle frame 116.28% 26.6% 6.2% Complete bicyle Parking stand/rack Bicycle carrier/racks Saddle 47.12% Electric bicycle Folding bicycle Pedal & pedal cover Bicycle crank/assembly Recumbent cycle 49.12% 71.17% Sprocket

50.12%

42 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 43 RECENT INNOVATIONS IN THE BICYCLE SECTOR 5

5.1. Introduction at night, but with one of these little boxes blinking away on the handlebars or seat There has been a boom in cycling innova- posts, cyclists sense that cars not only see tions in many parts of the world, including them but will give them more space. major cities in the USA and the European Union. Current research in the bicycle sec- Patent publication GB2502333A (2013) tor not only focuses on the health and safety describes a speed responsive light control of the riders but on the urgent challenges of mechanism for bicycles which monitors an congestion of heavy vehicles and the limita- input from a speed sensor of the bicycle and tion of non-renewable resources that urban determines the required output power to be regions and their stakeholders face today. distributed to the light. The light controller Going beyond the analysis, effort has been also monitors inputs from a suspension sen- made to highlight some recent technolo- sor to increase output light levels on rough gies in the bicycle sector, from intelligent terrain [33]. Chinese patent application lights and solid tyres to 3D printed bicycles. CN103318305A (2013) discusses a bicycle Another objective of this chapter is to pres- light system with a light displaying module, ent some smart cycling innovations, includ- an MCU (Micro Programmed Control Unit) ing information and communication technol- control module, an acceleration sensor and ogies (ICT) for the safety of riders, and the a power supplying system. The light display- futuristic technology of 3D printing in the ing module is mounted on a bicycle and is bicycle sector. used to warn other vehicles of the bicycle at night. The acceleration sensor is used to check the motion of the bicycle for automatic 5.2. Intelligent Lights for Safety switching of the light, therefore no manual switch operation is required [34]. Another A lot of innovative bicycle lights have hit the Chinese patent publication CN104477287A market during the past 5 years. These lights (2015) discloses a bicycle light system, are intelligent, turn themselves on and off which comprises a light display arranged on and can tune their brightness settings to the the front end of a bicycle handle bar, a sin- level of light available in the surrounding gle chip microcomputer control connected environment with the help of attached sen- with the light display module and a power sors. These lights can even sense oncom- supply module arranged on a bicycle body. ing cars, flashing faster than normal to alert This detachable light is capable of sens- the car drivers. These lights are very useful ing the ambient environment with the help as most of the cyclists aren’t accustomed of attached sensors and is automatically to feeling particularly visible on the roads switched on according to the conditions [35].

Patent Analysis | 45 Recent Innovations in the Bicycle Sector

Figure 5.1: Intelligent bicycle lights Taiwanese utility model TWM498908U 5.4. 3D Printed Bicycles Bicycle components are already being man- (2015) provides an energy recoverable elec- ufactured by the companies using 3D print- trical bicycle with a motor, a cell module, 3D printing or additive manufacturing is a ing technology. Korean patent publication a driver module, and a control module. The process of making three dimensional solid KR2016050583A (2016) relates to a manu- cell module receives and stores a recharging objects from a digital file. Complex func- facturing method of a bicycle frame using a power. The driver module, coupled with the tional shapes can be produced by this 3D printer with improved properties of light- motor and the cell module, is controlled by technology using less material than tradi- ness and hardness. The bicycle frame is man- a control signal for driving the motor to gen- tional manufacturing methods. Many of the ufactured with metal powders in a 3D printing erate braking power and for converting the world’s engineering industries are currently method to have both the lightness of carbon braking power into recharging power (propor- working to jump on the 3D printed band- and the hardness of metal. The surface of the tionally to a conversion ratio). According to wagon and cycling is no different. Moun- bicycle frame is manufactured in a polygonal the claims, this energy recoverable electrical tain bicycle maker Empire joined up with shape; a head tube part, a top tube part, a bicycle provides a convenient and comforta- ‘additive manufacturing’ experts Renishaw down tube part, a sheet tube part, a sheet stay ble riding experience while recharging [36]. to create a 3D printed, titanium version of part, a chain stay part and a bottom bracket their MX6-EVO model - named, the MX6-R; shell part are separately manufactured from Chinese patent application CN105151167A it is the only 3D printed bicycle in the world metal powders by a 3D printing method [41]. 3D (2015) discloses an anti-theft system for an and it costs £20,000 to make [40]. printing is definitely one of the futuristic tech- electric bicycle comprising: a controller; an nologies in the bicycle manufacturing sector. intelligent control switch; an electric lock and an alarm device arranged on the bicycle body. The controller comprises a master control unit and further comprises a signal detection circuit, a signal receiving circuit, an electric lock control circuit and an alarm circuit which are connected with the master control unit. This system overcomes the Figure 5.2: Empire’s MX6-R, the only 3D printed bicycle in the world with a 33% lighter shortcomings of traditional mechanical and six times stronger frame than its aluminium counterpart [42] locks and can greatly improve the protection of electric vehicles [37].

Indian patent application IN201305183I4 (2015) relates to a solar bicycle which has provision to run on solar energy. Electricity can also be used to function as a power generator when the bicycle is at rest. A motor, a solar panel, control switch, battery, charger and 5.3. Electric Assisted Bicycles brake control device are attached to the bicycle. Battery supplies power the horn, indica- There is a great range of electric bicycles tors and head light for safe driving. The solar (also known as e-bikes) available world- panel has been fitted within the bicycle itself wide. These bicycles are attached with [38]. An electric assist bicycle that can apply integrated electric motor which can be a sufficient auxiliary driving force with a sat- used for propulsion. Some electric bicy- isfactory gear change to prevent a reduction cles have a small motor to assist the rider’s in torque transmission efficiency is disclosed pedal-power and others are more power- in patent application US9758213B2 (2017). ful which tend to be closer to moped-style This electric assist bicycle also includes a functionality, however, all retain the ability speed reduction mechanism through pairs to be pedalled by the rider and are thereof reduction gears and a selection clutch fore not electric motorcycles. engageable with the reduction gears [39].

46 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 47 Recent Innovations in the Bicycle Sector

5.5. ICT Enabled Technologies beneficial effects of the invention are that the fitness bicycle will give the user a better Information and Communication Technology sport and fitness experience. At the time of (ICT) is playing a huge role in modern bicy- exercise users can get the real-time under- cle technologies. There remains plenty of standing of their exercise i.e. movement and opportunity for the incorporation of intelli- speed management [45]. gent ICT systems in the transportation sector as a means to reduce fuel consumption, A very unique invention CN106143006A congestion and road accidents. Some of the (2016) discloses a wireless, bicycle tyre air areas of ICT that are currently being explored pressure monitoring method based on ICT by manufacturers to provide safe, advanced technology via an air pressure data collec- and faster technologies in the sector for tor, a processor, an acousto-optic prompt bicycle lovers are: Bluetooth-based intelli- module, a displayer and a signal conversion gent systems; electronic sensors; wireless circuit installed on the bicycle. The wireless, systems; internet of things based technol- bicycle tyre air pressure monitoring method ogies; mobile applications, etc. These ICT is safe, reliable and of low cost. The tyre air enabled technologies possess the potential pressure can be monitored in real time and in to rapidly change the way people choose to addition, different acousto-optic responses travel. There are several other applications can be made according to the different situ- of ICT in the bicycle sector e.g. bicycle traf- ations. Thus, a cyclist can know the tyre air fic management systems. Chinese patent pressure situation so that corresponding application CN105551150A (2016) provides measures can be taken in advance [46]. a public bicycle management system and reservation scheduling method with a con- Another Chinese patent application trol module, an electronic control lock, a CN105365925A (2016) relates to an Inter- user intelligent terminal app and a server. net-based bicycle-mounted system with By means of the server, a basic database self-electricity-generating and self-lock- of user data, bicycle data and user reserva- ing functions. The Internet-based bicy- tion data has been established. As per the cle-mounted system comprises an electricity claims, this data can provide the decision generator, a voltage stabilizer, a mobile power making basis for scheduling and manage- source, a single-chip microcomputer module, ment of public traffic. [43] an LED illumination module, a liquid crystal display module, a wireless remote control A very basic use of ICT has been dis- lock and a Hall sensor. The Internet-based cussed in Australian patent application bicycle-mounted system has the advantages AU2016101533A4 (2015) entitled ‘Wireless of having an electricity generating function Bicycle Bell’. A Bluetooth electronic button and an automatic warning function as w e l l that attaches to the handlebar of a bicycle as being capable of displaying the bicycle is directly paired to a mobile phone appli- speed, travel distance in real time, and hav- cation. Upon pressing the electronic button ing a high safety performance [47]. on the handlebar, the mobile phone application will sound a noise like a traditional There are lot of other examples to cite and it bell [44]. PCT application WO2015188655A1 indicates that ICT-based bicycle technologies (2015) discloses a Bluetooth-based intel- are enablers for growth in this sector. Adop- ligent exercise bicycle system, comprising tion and proper utilization of ICTs will lead to an exercise bicycle and a Bluetooth com- increased yields and quality production of munication terminal. The exercise bicycle bicycles in this modern epoch. The ICT indus- is modified to capture the heartbeat of the try can be resourced, properly managed and user-via a heartbeat detection module and mainstreamed into a significant contributor speed sensors attached to the bicycle. The to the bicycle sector.

48 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 49 REFERENCES

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50 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 51 References

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52 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 53 ANNEXURE

(Abstracts of representative patent applications. Some of the patent applications are comput- er-generated translations. To access the original versions, the application numbers may be used.) Record 2. DEVICE FOR SAFEKEEPING BICYCLE IN THE FORM OF PLURAL LAYER | MULTI-LAYER BICYCLE STORING APPARATUS, CAPABLE OF EFFECTIVELY PREVENTING A SAFETY ACCIDENT OF USER WHICH IS CAUSED BY THE WEIGHT OF A BICYCLE Annexure 1. Cycle stands; supports or holders for parking or Abstract Application Purpose: A multi-layer bicycle cabinet; a receiving plate which is Number Date storing cycles; appliances preventing or indicating unauthor- storing apparatus is provided to installed in the inside and the out- KR2009131453A 2009-12-28 ized use or theft of cycles; locks integral with cycles; devices prevent the damage of a bicycle side of the receiving space along Publication for learning to ride cycles) - IPC B62H storing box and a bicycle by reduc- the rail and wherein an inclined Number Date ing a downward sudden impact in surface is formed with being pro- KR963649B1 2010-06-15 Record 1. BICYCLE STAND a withdrawal of bicycle. jected from the receiving space by Assignee/Applicant rotating around a pivot axis; and Abstract Application 2KT Co. Ltd. Constitution: A multi-layer bicy- a damping unit which alleviates a The present invention relates to contact with an inside thereof to Number Date cle storing apparatus comprises: sudden impact when the inclined KR201465664A 2014-05-30 an upright bicycle stand device support the front portion of the an individual cabinet wherein a surface is formed by being rotated that reduces a space occupied by rear wheel; a second support arm Publication receiving space in which bicycle with being projected from the a bicycle by mounting the bicycle to allow a lower surface of the rear Number Date is stored is formed; a rail which receiving space. The receiving in an upright position, and more wheel of the bicycle to come into KR1548516B1 2015-09-01 is installed along the bottom sur- plate is stored with bicycle along specifically, to an upright bicycle contact with an inside thereof to Assignee/Applicant face of each layer of the individual the rail in the receiving space. stand device which secures com- support the lower surface of the ACS Co. Ltd., KR monality for mounting bicycles of rear wheel; and a support shaft various standards, and facilitates to connect a rear tail of the first Record 3. BICYCLE INVERSION PREVENTION REINFORCEMENT TOOL storage and portability by reduc- support arm and a front end of Abstract Application ing a volume thereof when stored the second support arm. The sec- Problem to be solved: To provide in that the tool can be easily fit- Number Date away. The upright bicycle stand ond support arm is installed on a bicycle inversion prevention ted by fastening a metal fitting JP2014207580A 2014-09-19 device according to the present the support shaft in a hinge struc- reinforcement tool of which fitting with screws to a stand table, and Publication invention comprises: a support ture through a rotation bracket. If can be easily performed. a tendency of easy inversion can Number Date body seated on the ground to the second support arm installed be prevented by a reinforcement JP2016060476A 2016-04-25 allow a rear wheel of a bicycle to on the support shaft in the hinge Solution: The purpose of the pres- tool having a width and a length Assignee/Applicant come into contact with an inside structure is hinge-rotated out- ent invention is to prevent inver- larger than that of the stand Adachi Yoshikazu thereof to support the rear wheel; wards, the first support arm and sion of a bicycle from an exterior table. The bicycle inversion pre- and a front wheel support bar the second support arm form an influence by easily fitting a bicycle vention tool has also a safety formed uprightly on the support unfolded basin shape to stably inversion prevention reinforce- function for prevention of a traf- body to fix a front wheel of the support the mounted rear wheel ment tool without utilization of a fic accident in such a manner that bicycle whose rear wheel comes of the bicycle. If the second sup- trader for strengthening a function fluorescent color and a reflec- into contact with the inside of the port arm is hinge-rotated inwards, of an existing stand table used for tive raw material applied to the support body. The support body the first support arm and the sec- a bicycle. According to the present tool thereby highlighting a bicy- comprises: a first support arm to ond support arm cross each other invention, the tool is characterized cle during travel of the bicycle. allow a front portion of the rear to reduce the volume. wheel of the bicycle to come into

54 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 55 Annexure 1. Cycle stands; supports or holders... - IPC B62H

Record 4. BICYCLE PARKING UNIT Record 7. PORTABLE BICYCLE PARKING SYSTEM | SYSTEME PORTATIF DE STATIONNEMENT DE Abstract Application BICYCLETTES Abstract Application Problem to be solved: To pro- a plastic overturning prevention Number Date vide a bicycle parking unit capa- member (1) mounted on both side JP2005305200A 2005-10-20 This invention is a portable bicy- Inserted spring clips are used to Number Date ble of reducing production cost portions of one end of the bicycle Publication cle parking system and is made secure the end supports to a main CA2553006A 2006-06-27 and contriving the long life of a receiving base, and front wheel Number Date of aluminium, consisting of three support triangle and the crossbar Publication roller part of a travelling base by and stand receiving members (2) JP2007112273A 2007-05-10 main parts, a common support is secured to main support trian- Number Date taking sufficient measures in the mounted on the end portion of forming a triangle, an end support gles with inserted spring clips. CA2553006A1 2007-12-27 Assignee/Applicant case of placing a bicycle in a dif- the overturning prevention mem- forming a half triangle which fits Bicycles are then are hung by the Akiyama Seiji Assignee/Applicant ferent orientation. ber. The front wheel and stand thereto at a right angle on the end front underpart of the bicycle seat Ashton David, North receiving members are rotatably of a support triangle and the cross over the crossbar (60 inch lengths) Gower, CA Solution: This parking unit is mounted on the overturning pre- bar which joins the triangles. The and will support a carrying capac- equipped with bicycle receiving vention member, thereby ena- design has the ability and tested ity to a maximum of 5 bicycles. bases (30, 31) for allowing a bicy- bling to function as a front wheel to tolerate the following: 1. Using When it has been determined how cle to travel along a rail on the receiving on one rotating position two triangles and one crossbar to many bicycles are to be parked, travelling base in a predetermined and as a stand receiving on the support a downward maximum a (recommended) unit to accom- length mounted on the back side, other rotating position. force of 300 lbs. (136.08 kg.) 2. modate (20 bicycles), consisting Two end supports will support of five triangles, two end sup- lateral load forces exerted by 20 ports and four crossbars are fitted Record 5. BICYCLE PARKING LOCK DEVICE bicycles parked between them. together, to make the most effi- Abstract Application Each triangle has base supports cient use of the parking system. Problem to be solved: To elimi- the guide support shaft from a Number Date allowing it to stand upright inde- This configuration is considered nate, as far as possible, danger bicycle non-parking position to a JP2015256486A 2015-12-28 pendently. The end support pre- very safe, stable and well within that is caused when a passer-by bicycle parking position by means Publication vents lateral movement. A cross its design tolerances, however, other than a bicycle, especially, of weight received from a wheel Number Date bar is fitted into the apex of each units can still be expanded, pro- an infant erroneously steps on a W. The arm movable mechanism JP2017119471A 2017-07-06 triangle and one end support vided an additional end support is wheel guide part or the like. has a pair of lock arms and a pair is fitted to each end of the unit. adding every 20 bicycles parked. Assignee/Applicant of arm support shafts. The lock Amano Corp Solution: A bicycle parking lock arms have: pressed parts that device 1 comprises: a guide frame turn the lock arms around the cor- Record 8. STABILIZER TRAINING WHEEL WITH INTEGRAL SUSPENSION | STÜTZRAD MIT INTEGRALER AUFHÄNGUNG | ROUE STABILISATRICE A SUSPENSION INTEGREE body, a wheel guide mechanism, responding arm support shafts and an arm movable mechanism. when the wheel guide inclines; Abstract Application A guide frame body has a pair of and hook parts projecting inward This invention is a single-piece portion includes a projection Number Date guide plates facing each other at from the respective outsides of side wheel attachment member and at least one through-hole for EP2004802343A 2004-12-21 an interval between them in a right the corresponding guide plates. for removably attaching an aux- insertion on the rear wheel axle of Publication and left direction. The wheel guide The pair of hook parts is arranged iliary side wheel to a bicycle. The the bicycle. The horizontal spindle Number Date mechanism has a wheel guide at an interval between them in a attachment member comprises portion is rotatably engaged by EP1704082B1 2016-02-24 and a guide support shaft, and cross direction. a single-piece molded structure, the auxiliary side wheel, therefore Assignee/Applicant inclines the wheel guide around including an upper vertical portion acting as its axle. Both ends of the Brevets Futek-MSM and a lower substantially horizon- attachment member can angularly Lté,St-Romuald, QC G6W tal spindle portion connected to move relative to one another due 5M6,CA,100728132 Record 6. UPRIGHT ROTATION BICYCLE SUPPORTER | UPRIGHT ROTARY BICYCLE SUPPORTER said vertical portion through a to the C-shape compliant struc- Abstract Application C-shape compliant structure for ture. The novelty of this invention The present invention relates to an front wheel of the upright bicycle Number Date allowing said spindle portion to resides in the structural simplic- upright rotary bicycle supporter. and allowing an operation unit to KR201246116A 2012-05-02 move vertically when subjected ity of the side wheel attachment The upright rotary bicycle sup- control the restricting process, Publication to force. In its natural unbiased member which is, as previously porter prevents damage to bicycle and efficiently uses a space by Number Date condition, the vertical and hori- stated, constructed from a single parts, enables a user to conven- reducing the occupying space of KR2013123026A 2013-11-12 zontal portions of the member piece of material molded into a iently and safely place a bicycle the bicycle. extend generally perpendicular C-shape compliant structure. Assignee/Applicant by restricting the outer side of the to one another. The upper vertical Min Jin Sik

56 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 57 Annexure 1. Cycle stands; supports or holders... - IPC B62H

Record 9. LOCK, BICYCLE LOCKING ASSEMBLY FOR PUBLIC BICYCLE, AND LOCKING PILE OF Record 11. VERTICAL RECIRCULATION-TYPE BICYCLE PARKING FACILITY LOCKING ASSEMBLY Abstract Application Abstract Application Problem to be solved: To real- opening; and an outer guide-rail Number Date The utility model relates to a lock, for the limiting shaft to slide. Each Number Date ize cost reduction of a vertical engaged to a lower-side guide JP20129742A 2012-01-20 a bicycle locking assembly for locking module comprises a lock- CN201420072105U 2014-02-19 recirculation-type bicycle park- roller bearing-supported to a Publication a public bicycle, and a bicycle ing shell, a second spring bolt and Publication ing facility having bicycle parking front end part that is at a lower Number Date locking pile of the bicycle locking a driving mechanism for driving Number Date platforms circulating around a end part of the individual bicy- JP2013147867A 2013-08-01 assembly. The lock comprises a the second spring bolt to slide, CN203681712U 2014-07-02 vertical recirculation path. cle parking platform and dis- Assignee/Applicant spring bolt module and locking wherein the driving mechanism is tanced from the upper front-side Assignee/Applicant Daifuku Co. Ltd modules. The spring bolt mod- connected with a control module : A vertical recircula- guide roller toward the entrance/ Changzhou Eversafe Solution ule comprises a spring bolt shell in a controlled mode, and the sec- Public Bicycle System tion-type bicycle parking facil- exit opening. Further, the outer and a first spring bolt. A sliding ond spring bolt has an extending Co. Ltd., Changzhou, ity includes: an inner guide-rail guide-rail is disposed in a given groove for the first spring bolt to work state and a contracting work Jiangsu, 213022, CN engaged to an upper front-side section adjacent to the entrance/ slide is formed in the spring bolt state under the action of the driv- guide roller bearing-supported at exit opening; the inner guide- shell. The end, provided with ing mechanism. Although the lock a position that is at substantially rail is disposed individually on the sliding groove, of the spring is simple in structure, the concept the same height as a hanging the upper and lower sides of the bolt shell is provided with an is novel; the two locking mod- position P of an individual bicycle given section in which the bicycle opening for the first spring bolt ules are adopted for locking, and parking platform 8 and distanced parking platform is held upright to extend out. The first spring therefore the thievery prevention from the hanging position P by only the outer guide-rail; and bolt is located in a lock groove performance is higher. The mode toward a side where an entrance/ on the upper and lower sides of of a main shell in the extending that the two sides of a bicycle exit opening is located, as a the given section, the bicycle state. A limiting shaft extend- front fork are locked is adopted, guide-rail of a vertical lift path part parking platform is held upright ing out of the spring bolt shell and therefore the lock is firmer in FP comprising the entrance/exit by only the inner guide-rail. is fixedly connected to the first structure and high in thievery pre- spring bolt. The spring bolt shell vention performance. is provided with a sliding groove Record 12. BICYCLE WITH TRAINING WHEEL ASSEMBLY | BICYCLETTE COMPORTANT UN ENSEMBLE ROUE D’APPRENTISSAGE Abstract Application Record 10. CHARGEABLE BICYCLE LOCKING PILE A training wheel assembly rotational movement of the train- Number Date Abstract Application includes a training wheel and a ing wheel. The training wheel WO2015IB54659A 2015-06-21 The utility model relates to a pile; both the lock charging region Number Date training wheel leg coupled to the assembly also includes a train- Publication chargeable bicycle locking pile and I and the lock charging region II CN201420363181U 2014-07-03 training wheel and configured (i) ing wheel assembly operating Number Date belongs to the field of public vehi- are arranged on the bicycle pile; Publication to rotationally move the training device configured to (i) activate WO2015193867A1 2015-12-23 cle leasing equipment. The charge- the lock charging region II is posi- wheel upward to prevent the train- the training wheel assembly by Number Date Assignee/Applicant able bicycle locking pile comprises tioned below the lock charging ing wheel from stabilizing vertical moving the training wheel rota- CN203996563U 2014-12-10 Fotohi Maidenhair a pile body, an induction region, a region I; the heat dissipation flow movement of a bicycle and enable tionally downward and thereby Assignee/Applicant display and voice window, a wheel guide grooves are formed in the two-wheeled riding of the bicy- enabling the training wheel to Hangzhou Rongding guide hole, a lock charging region two inner side surfaces of the pile cle and (ii) rotationally move the stabilize the vertical movement Technology Co. Ltd., I, a lock charging region II and heat body. The chargeable bicycle lock- training wheel downward to ena- of the bicycle and (ii) deactivate Hangzhou, Zhejiang, dissipation flow guide grooves, ing pile is reasonable in structure, 310012, CN ble the training wheel to stabi- the training wheel assembly by wherein the induction region is good in heat dissipation property, lize the vertical movement of the moving the training wheel rota- arranged on the side surface of safe and practical, cannot be lim- bicycle and provide at least three- tionally upward and thereby pre- the pile body; the display and ited by matching of single region wheeled riding experience of the venting the training wheel from voice window is arranged on the with single function, and can bicycle. The training wheel assem- stabilizing the vertical movement front side of the bicycle pile; the improve the induction, locking bly also includes a locking mecha- of the bicycle. through wheel guide hole is formed and charging functions of a bicy- nism configured to lock or unlock in the lower part of the bicycle cle locking position on a bicycle.

58 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 59 Annexure 1. Cycle stands; supports or holders... - IPC B62H

Record 13. CARRYING AND PARKING DEVICE FOR BICYCLES PARKING EQUIPMENT WHICH CAN Record 16. CROWN FORK SUPPORTED BICYCLE CARRIER PARK BICYCLES AS A CIRCULAR STACKING METHOD Abstract Application Abstract Application Disclosed is a bicycle carrier hav- axis of the elongate support Number Date Purpose: A carrying and parking part of the pulling turntable. The Number Date ing a support mast, an elongate member. The first hook member US13841990A 2013-03-15 device for bicycles parking equip- travelling carriage can move on a KR201034175A 2010-04-14 support member extending from and the second hook member Publication ment is provided to accurately rail and reciprocates between an Publication the support mast, and a cradle are spaced-apart so as to allow Number Date hold both sides of a front wheel entrance and a bicycle-parking Number Date disposed along the elongate sup- the fork crown to be received by US20130327802A1 2013-12-12 rotary shaft using a clamp in a stand. The pulling turntable com- KR2011114828A 2011-10-20 port member. The cradle is for the cradle. A head tube of the Assignee/Applicant bicycle stacking process. prises a wheel touch panel. The receiving a fork crown of a bicycle. bicycle is disposed between the Assignee/Applicant Hammond Malcolm wheel touch panel can be con- The cradle includes a first hook first hook member and the sec- Daifuku Korea Co. Ltd. Thomas, North Constitution: A carrying and park- nected to the inside of the clamp member extending angularly rel- ond hook member. The first hook Vancouver ing device for bicycles parking only when the bicycle nose wheel ative to a longitudinal axis of the member and the second hook equipment comprises a pulling enters into the clamp. The sensor elongate support member and a member are disposed between turn-table and a travelling car- is located on the rear side of the second hook member extending fork tubes of the bicycle. riage. The pulling turntable grips wheel touch panel. The sensor angularly relative to a longitudinal a bicycle and rotates in a prede- can sense that the nose wheel of termined position. The travelling a bicycle is connected on a wheel carriage is located on the lower touch panel (61). Record 17. WHEEL CARRIER FOR QUICK FOLDABLE AUXILIARY WHEEL OF BICYCLE WITH SMALL WHEEL DIAMETER Abstract Application Record 14. CYCLE STAND The utility model relates to a section; the locking pin sequen- Number Date Abstract Application wheel carrier for a quick foldable tially penetrates through the CN201120084298U 2011-03-25 The invention provides a cycle securing the body to an underly- Number Date auxiliary wheel of a bicycle with a strip-shaped sliding holes, the Publication stand comprising: a body having ing substrate; and an anchoring EP20112096A 2011-03-14 small wheel diameter. The wheel arc sliding hole and the spring to Number Date at least one pocket for receiving member to which the bicycle may Publication carrier is characterized by com- be arranged on the two extend- CN202022260U 2011-11-02 a wheel of a bicycle, the pocket be secured by means of a locking prising a square-groove shaped ing groove walls; the outer end Number Date Assignee/Applicant being of a depth and configura- device; the anchoring member beam frame, a connecting shaft of the beam frame is hinged with EP2364900A2 2011-09-14 Tianjin Yuandong tion such that a wheel of 370 mm being positioned such that when bracket, a stand leg, a connect- the upper end of the stand leg; Assignee/Applicant Lanjian Technology Co. radius or less can be inserted into the bicycle is secured thereto by ing rod, a locking pin, a spring, the middle part of the stand leg is Cyclepods Limited, Ltd., Tianjin, 300400, CN the pocket to a depth greater than means of a locking device, with- a hinged shaft of the connecting hinged with the connecting rod; Hortons Way, Wester- the radius of the wheel, thereby to drawal of the bicycle wheel from shaft bracket, a hinged shaft of a large-diameter locking section ham, Kent TN16 1BT, GB, prevent or restrict access to a hub the pocket is prevented. 101235294 the stand leg and a hinged shaft is arranged in the locating holes of the wheel; mounting means for of the connecting rod, wherein of the strip-shaped sliding hole two extending groove walls of and the locating holes of the arc the beam frame are hinged with sliding hole where the connect- the connecting shaft bracket; an ing shaft bract and the stand leg Record 15. PARKING DEVICE OF BICYCLE arc sliding hole is arranged on are locked; the small-diameter Abstract Application the connecting shaft bracket; the release section is arranged at The invention relates to a parking a bicycle, for example, on a distal Number Date aperture of locating holes at the the position of the strip-shaped device of bicycle, comprising an end of a wheel axle, an axle hole TW20121126327A 2012-07-20 two ends of the arc sliding hole is sliding hole and the arc sliding inflator and a connection seat. The of a crank or a frame of the bicycle. Publication larger than the width of a sliding hole where the connecting shaft inflator comprises an air faucet. Accordingly, with the inflator to be Number Date rail; the aperture of locating holes bracket and the stand leg can be The connection seat comprises assembled to the bicycle via the TW201404643A 2014-02-01 at the two ends of strip-shaped rotated. The utility model has the two ends that are respectively con- connection seat, the bicycle can sliding holes of the connecting rod advantages that the wheel car- Assignee/Applicant figured with an inserting part and be stably parked on the ground is larger than the width of the slid- rier can be conveniently folded Ashima Ltd. an assembling part, in which the by the inflator, and the connec- ing rail; the locking pin is provided or unfolded and is economical inserting part is inserted into the tion seat and the inflator can be with a large-diameter press sec- and practical, and the expendi- air faucet of the inflator, and the mounted together on the bicycle tion and a small-diameter release ture is cut down. assembling part is assembled on when not in use.

60 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 61 Annexure 1. Cycle stands; supports or holders... - IPC B62H

Record 18. BICICLE PARKING APPARTUS WITH LOCKING DEVICE Record 20. FAST-ASSEMBLED JOCKEY WHEEL CARRIER OF CHILDREN’S BICYCLE Abstract Application Abstract Application The present invention relates to an a locking unit installed between Number Date A fast-assembled jockey wheel section of the second free end is Number Date apparatus for locking and parking the support and the locking bar KR201392033A 2013-08-02 carrier of a children’s bicycle U-shaped, the second free end is CN201320122945U 2013-03-19 a bicycle, including a lower body member to set the locking bar Publication comprises a jockey wheel sup- inserted between the outer cover Publication of a rack which allows the bicy- member in an opened or a closed Number Date port detachably installed on a and the rear wheel support of the Number Date cle to enter from one side and to state with respect to the support; KR1471783B1 2014-12-10 rear wheel support of the bicycle, bicycle, and the second free end CN203186478U 2013-09-11 be mounted and has a rear wheel a fingerprint recognizing unit rec- wherein the two ends of the jockey is detachably connected with the Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant guide rail on the top of the one ognizing the fingerprint of a user; wheel support are a first free end outer cover through a bayonet KIM KU YUB, KR | KWON Kunshan Xiaoxiao side into which the rear wheel of and a main control unit which is and a second free end respec- lock mechanism. The fast-assem- CHANG HEE, KR Dinosaur Children Arti- the bicycle is inserted and guided; connected to the fingerprint recog- tively, a jockey wheel is arranged at bled jockey wheel carrier of the cles Co. Ltd., Suzhou, a support installed on the other nizing unit and controls the lock- the first free end in a rotary mode, children’s bicycle can be assem- Jiangsu, 215343, CN side of the lower body of the rack ing unit to be opened or unlocked. a lengthwise outer cover with a bled fast and conveniently with- and having a front wheel inser- The present invention may pro- U-shaped cross section is detach- out assistant tools, and assem- tion part, where the front wheel vide the apparatus for locking ably arranged on the rear wheel bling quality is reliable. is inserted and fixated, at a lower and parking a bicycle, capable support of the bicycle, the cross side; a locking bar member rota- of preventing separated compo- tionally connected to the upper nents such as a front wheel, a rear side of the support via a rotary wheel, a saddle, etc. as well as Record 21. PORTABLE BICYCLE STAND ATTACHED ON PEDAL connecting part and having a sad- the bicycle itself from being stolen Abstract Application dle fixating unit which can cover through a simple configuration. Problem to be solved: To provide clamping part and the leg part. Number Date and fixate a saddle of the bicycle; a detachable portable stand to The bicycle stands up straight by JP2011238321A 2011-10-31 easily and stably park a bicycle use of the portable bicycle stand, Publication without stand. with a pedal crank of the bicy- Number Date Record 19. ASSEMBLING METHOD APPLICABLE TO CROSS-HOLE LOCK CONTROLLING DEVICE cle substantially orthogonal to FOR LADDER RACK JP2013095220A 2013-05-20 Solution: The portable stand the ground, while clamping the Assignee/Applicant Abstract Application includes a clamping part which pedal shaft of a pedal in a high- Masuda Techno Co. Ltd. The invention relates to an assem- are arranged in the blind hole. A Number Date clamps a pedal shaft, a leg part est position by the clamping part bling method applicable to a lock cylinder hole is formed at CN201110168104A 2011-06-21 which is in contact with the ground to bring the leg part into contact cross-hole lock controlling device the part of the lock base, which Publication and a pillar which connects the with the ground. for a ladder rack, which com- is communicated with the stop Number Date prises a lock base, a lock con- pin blind hole, and a lock cylinder CN102837766A 2012-12-26 trolling mechanism, a locking port controlling mechanism is arranged Record 22. BICYCLE PARKING DEVICE Assignee/Applicant of a ladder rack and a connecting in the lock cylinder hole to con- Abstract Application Tianjin Haizhou board. The assembling method trol the contacting and clamping Provided is a bicycle parking in the opposite direction of the Number Date Scientific Industry and WO2011JP75199A 2011-11-01 is characterized in that the lock of the stop pin. The ladder rack Trading Co. Ltd., Tianjin, device capable of affixing a bicy- locked crank, thereby the crank base and the ladder rack which is arranged on the connecting 300451,CN | Zhu Yu-guo cle in a standing posture with a being affixed by a ratchet mecha- Publication are combined onto the connecting board. When the ladder rack falls simple configuration without lift- nism, and the affixed crank is sup- Number Date board are assembled with a bicy- to the ground, the locking port of ing the entire bicycle, and with- ported by the crank stopper with a WO2012060384A1 2012-05-10 cle. The lock base is equipped with the ladder rack is just inserted into out requiring an operational tech- rear-wheel as the fulcrum, thereby Assignee/Applicant an axial cross hole, and a groove the groove and just corresponds nique for a front-wheel. An upright affixing the bicycle. In cases when Public Management Co. for allowing a locking joint or a to a locking joint or a port of the bicycle-parking device is provided the bicycle is taken out, lifting the Ltd., JP | Okubo Noriaki, JP port of the ladder rack to lock is in lock latch shaft lever. As long as with a crank stopper disposed bicycle to the extent to which the butt joint with one end of the lock the exposed end of the lock latch within the track of a crank, wherein state in which the rotation of the base. A vertical stop pin blind hole shaft lever is pushed, the other the crank is locked by the crank rear-wheel is controlled is released is formed in the lock base and cor- end of the lock latch shaft lever stopper in such a manner that the rotates the crank in the forward responds to a radial table of a lock is inserted into the locking port movement of the crank in the oppo- direction to release the affixing of latch shaft lever in the axial cross of the ladder rack to lock the lad- site direction thereof is controlled. the bicycle, thus making it possi- hole, and a stop pin and a spring der rack securely and to allow the When the crank is locked, the ble to pull out the bicycle toward for clamping the radial table bicycle to be firmly locked. tare weight of a bicycle is exerted the front and to take out the same.

62 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 63 Annexure 1. Cycle stands; supports or holders... - IPC B62H

Record 23. UNIVERSAL BICYCLE PARKING HANGER Record 25. BICYCLE GROUND LOCK Abstract Application Abstract Application Problem to be solved: To provide 4 in the horizontal direction in a Number Date The utility model relates to a bicy- formed in the front end of the side Number Date a universal bicycle parking device bicycle parking space; a pair of JP2012270753A 2012-11-26 cle ground lock which comprises a wall of the trapezoidal projection CN201420651624U 2014-11-04 that is prepared and carried by lifting hooks 3 compatible with Publication fixing device, a fixing rod and a tel- connected with the telescopic Publication oneself in order to respond to right and left two places of the Number Date escopic rod. The fixing device com- rod, a rotating shaft perpendicular Number Date bicycle parking in the expedition handle part of the bicycle; and JP2014104966A 2014-06-09 prises a rectangular bottom plate to the telescopic rod is arranged CN204210619U 2015-03-18 when using a bicycle having no furthermore a lifting plate 2 for and two symmetric trapezoidal inside the trapezoidal projection Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant stand for parking the bicycle. connecting the hook with the projections arranged on two sides with the lock hole in the side wall, Motoyama Toshiyuki Ningbo Polytechnic, belt for the purpose of equaliza- of the upper side of the rectangu- and the trapezoidal projection is Ningbo, Zhejiang, Solution: When arranging and tion of stress applied to the hook lar bottom plate, corresponding slidably connected with the tel- 315800, CN organizing a bicycle, a portable and the rotation prevention of square holes are formed in oppo- escopic rod through a hydraulic universal bicycle parking hanger the handle part. In the horizon- site side walls of the trapezoidal device. The bicycle ground lock is is provided that is configured tal support mechanism, the uni- projections, the fixing rod and the simple in structure and conven- from three kinds of components versal bicycle parking hanger is telescopic rod horizontally extend ient to use, wheels are unlocked including: a pair of insertion belts used, and two points of the han- out of the square holes respec- and locked by bilateral sliding of 1 detachable by one-touch system dle part are lifted to float a front tively, the tail ends of the fixing the telescopic rod, and a bicycle for winding around a support mech- wheel, and thereby the bicycle rod and the telescopic rod con- can be prevented from being sto- anism 4 in the state where a main parking is enabled by support of tact with each other, a lock hole is len when stopping outdoors. frame is previously prepared for three points with a rear wheel. including the support mechanism Record 26. BICYCLE WHEEL SECURING STRUCTURE Abstract Application Record 24. A LOCKING APPARATUS AND BIKE PARKING APPARATUS A bicycle wheel securing structure ends of the wheel-securing axle. Number Date Abstract Application comprises a wheel securing axle The wheel-securing bolt has a TW20132131764A 2013-09-04 The present invention relates to a support unit which is mounted Number Date and a wheel-securing bolt. The frame engageable surface extend- Publication a locking device and a bicycle on the ground surface and has a KR2015173423A 2015-12-07 wheel-securing axle has a first end ing in a peripheral direction of the Number Date storage apparatus including the predetermined height in a vertical Publication and a second end. The wheel-se- bolt head and is configured to TW201441087A 2014-11-01 locking device, capable of stor- direction; a support frame which curing bolt has a bolt shaft and a be non-rotatably engaged with a Number Date Assignee/Applicant ing a storage target such as a has a side mounted on the upper bolt head. The bolt shaft is cou- bicycle frame. KR1645609B1 2016-08-08 Shimano KK bicycle easily and conveniently part of the support unit and the pled to one of the first and second Assignee/Applicant while preventing thefts. Accord- other side mounted on the ground Seoheong Bicyclerack ing to the present invention, the surface while being able to have Co. Ltd., KR locking device includes: a fixing front and rear wheels of the bicy- Record 27. QUICK MOUNTING STRUCTURE OF WHEEL CARRIER IS ASSISTED TO BICYCLE unit which is rotated by the load cle mounted on the upper sur- Abstract Application of a storage target to be stored face; a fixing unit which is rotata- in an empty space formed in the bly installed on the support frame The utility model provides a quick structure need not the instrument Number Date storage target; and a locking unit and is rotated between spokes mounting structure of wheel car- can be bare-handed with the sup- CN201620916135U 2016-08-19 which is spaced apart from the fix- formed between the wheels by rier is assisted to bicycle for install plementary wheel carrier conven- Publication ing unit by a predetermined gap the load of the wheels; and a bicycle supplementary wheel ient and fast’s of bicycle instal- Number Date and checks a number input con- locking unit which is installed on carrier on bicycle rack, the side lation to the bicycle rack, the CN205916236U 2017-02-01 trol operation of a user to move a the support frame, checks the of bicycle rack is formed with instrument that need not in addi- Assignee/Applicant brace arranged therein forward or number input control operation one flute profile piece, the bicy- tion can be bare-handed with Tianjin Tandem backward, thereby controlling the of the user, and moves the brace cle assists wheel carrier to insert the supplementary wheel carrier Industries Co. Ltd., fixture of the fixing unit. According arranged therein forward or back- install on bicycle rack through convenient and fast of bicycle Tianjin, CN to the present invention, the bicy- ward accordingly in order to con- elastic expansion bayonet lock pull down from bicycle rack, con- cle storage apparatus includes: trol the fixture of the fixing unit. detachably in flute profile piece. venient and fast, easily operation The utility model discloses an has improved consumption and above mentioned quick mounting has experienced.

64 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 65 Annexure 1. Cycle stands; supports or holders... - IPC B62H

Record 28. PORTABLE BICYCLE LOCK SETTING DEVICE Record 30. DOUBLE-LAYER TYPE BICYCLE CARRIER Abstract Application Abstract Application The utility model provides a port- section of holder, be provided Number Date The utility model relates to a dou- lower-layered storage shelf is a Number Date able bicycle lock setting device, with reset spring on adjusting CN201620805146U 2016-07-26 ble-layered type bicycle storage groove-shaped shelf body. The CN200720043273U 2007-08-17 including base, support, holder, bolt, the lock setting at the top Publication shelf that comprises an upper-lay- utility model can improve the utili- Publication lock, perpendicular two sides that position of support. Support and Number Date ered storage shelf and a lower-lay- zation rate of blank areas, so that Number Date set up at the base of support to base through installing the design CN205872250U 2017-01-11 ered storage shelf, wherein the bicycle storage quantity in the unit CN201086753Y 2008-07-16 the centre of base is equally divide and uses of mutually supporting upper-layered storage shelf is area can be doubled. The slidable Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant equally for two -half structure of holder realized that portable connected with the lower-layered groove-shaped shelf body in the Wenzhou Golden Key Wuxi Xhenmu Machine through the articulated elements, carries and it are more stable to storage shelf with a vertical col- upper-layered storage shelf can Lock Industry Co. Ltd., Co. Ltd., Wuxi, Jiangsu the bottom of support between lock the wheel, and whole device Wenzhou, Zhejiang, CN umn; the upper-layered storage slide flexibly inside the groove- 217135, CN the position be provided with the design is reasonable, and the sim- shelf is composed of a groove- shaped rail, so that it is very con- holder, be provided with adjust- ple operation can be by further shaped rail and a slidable groove- venient to access bicycles on the ing bolt between the extension popularization and application. shaped shelf body mounted upper-layered storage shelf. inside the groove-shaped rail; the

Record 29. INCLINED BICYCLE CARRIER Abstract Application The utility model relates to an incli- bicycle access and stable struc- Number Date nation type bicycle storage shelf ture stable. To use the utility CN200720043275U 2007-08-17 that comprises a bottom support; model, store the bicycle in one of Publication the bottom support is crossed the groove-shaped shelf bodies Number Date to connect with groove-shaped in different heights and arranged CN201086755Y 2008-07-16 shelf bodies in different heights; in a crossed way, so as to resolve Assignee/Applicant the front end of each groove- the problem of mutually crossing Wuxi Zhenmu Machine shaped shelf body comprises a in bicycle handles. To store a bicy- Co. Ltd, Wuxi, Jiangsu front wheel-fixing shelf; the rear cle, it is very convenient to store 217135, CN end comprises an inclination the bicycle in the groove-shaped angle. The utility model resolves shelf body, so that the bicycle can the problems of inconvenience in be stably fixed but not easy to fall; bicycle access and easy falling in to pick up a bicycle, it is conven- bicycle storage, so as to provide ient to take the bicycle out of the an inclination type bicycle storage groove-shaped shelf body. shelf characterized in convenient

66 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 67 Annexure 2. Cycle saddles or seats; accessories peculiar to Record 4. SEAT CONNECTING DEVICE cycles e.g. Article carriers or cycle protectors - IPC B62J Abstract Application A seat connecting device includes The connecting member extends Number Date US15436950A 2017-10-19 Record 1. MOUNTING ASSEMBLY FOR CHILD’S BICYCLE SEAT a first base unit for coupling with through the sliding groove and a bicycle seat and a second base is detachably connected to the Publication Abstract Application unit. The first base unit includes an connecting portion. The connect- Number Date A bicycle comprising a frame with for mounting a child seat on the Number Date extension having a first end por- ing member selectively presses a head tube at the front end, a fork bicycle is mounted around the EP2010161757A 2010-05-03 US20170297643A1 2017-02-20 tion with first teeth and a connect- against a side of the second end having at its upper end a steering steering tube. The mounting Publication Assignee/Applicant ing portion. The second base unit portion distant to the second tube extending upwardly through assembly comprises a support Chuang Louis, Number Date includes a body and a connecting teeth. The second teeth disen- the head tube, and a stem body and a clamping element to Taichung, TW EP2384959B2 2017-10-25 member. The body includes a sec- gageably engages with the first attached to the handlebars. The attach the support body to the Assignee/Applicant ond end portion with second teeth teeth. A water bottle holder can be stem has a clamp portion clamped steering tube. The clamping ele- Polisport Plásticos S.A., and a sliding groove extending mounted to the body. around the steering tube. One or ment is coupled to the support 3720-024 Carregosa, PT through the second end portion. more spacer rings or bushings body and is clamped around are arranged around the steering the steering tube and arranged tube between the upper end of between two of said spacer rings Record 5. LEATHER BICYCLE SADDLE the head tube and the stem clamp or between the head tube and a Abstract Application portion. A mounting assembly spacer ring. A leather bicycle saddle includes the screw bolt holder. The adjust- Number Date a leather cover, an arc support ment seat includes a seat block US15130023A 2016-04-15 Record 2. SADDLE ADJUSTMENT SYSTEM supporting the leather cover and defining a mounting slot and a Publication Abstract Application having a front end terminating in a screw hole, and a stop block. The Number Date head abutment portion and a rear stop block is engaged into the A saddle adjustment assembly coupled to the second support, Number Date US20170297642A1 2017-10-19 end affixed to a rear bottom side open end of the mounting slot and comprising an adjustable height the saddle angle adjustment US15635759A 2017-06-28 Assignee/Applicant of the leather cover, and an adjust- stopped at the head abutment por- saddle post, the adjustable height mechanism comprising a rotat- Publication HSU Chung-Ying, ment device including a screw bolt tion of the arc support against the saddle post comprising a first ably coupled saddle support Taichung City, TW | LAI Number Date holder affixed to a front bottom close end of the mounting slot. support and a second support, configured to couple to a bicy- Chien-Shun, Changhua US20170297641A1 2017-10-19 side of the leather cover, an adjust- The screw hole of the seat block the second support configured to cle saddle; wherein the saddle City, TW | Lee Chia-Wen, Assignee/Applicant ment screw bolt abutted against receives the adjustment screw bolt. slidably move relative to the first angle adjustment mechanism is Huatan Township, TW Specialized Bicycle support between at least a raised configured to enable rotation of Components Inc., position and a lowered position, the saddle support relative to the Morgan Hill, CA, US the first support configured to second support as a result of the Record 6. ADJUSTABLE-WIDTH CYCLING SADDLE attach to a bicycle frame; a sad- first support moving relative to Abstract Application dle angle adjustment mechanism the second support. An adjustable-width saddle The rider supports are laterally Number Date includes a frame having a for- separated from the second rider US15619911A 2017-06-12 Record 3. CARGO CYCLE WITH PASSENGER SEATS ward end and a rearward end, the support by a lateral gap that is Publication Abstract Application rearward end including a later- adjustable by flexure of the one- Number Date ally extending bridge, and a one- piece shell. A lower side of each A cargo cycle includes a frame, has a plurality of reclining posi- Number Date US20170274950A1 2017-09-28 piece shell. The one-piece shell rider support defines a first chan- a plurality of wheels and a rider tions reclined at different angles TW20165123095A 2016-07-21 Assignee/Applicant includes a forward end connected nel that receives the bridge. Fas- seat assembled on the frame, and relative to the side walls. The pas- Publication Altr Ergo LLC, to the forward end of the frame, teners extend through one or more a passenger compartment sup- senger seat includes a back sup- Greensboro, NC, US Number Date and a split rearward end including slots formed through the bridge ported on the frame. The passenger port and a seat portion. The back TW201718309A 2017-06-01 a first rider support and a second and engage the rider supports to compartment includes a plurality support has a folded orientation in Assignee/Applicant rider support that are supported fix the gap at a selected width. of side walls and at least one pas- which it is folded down parallel to Taga Bikes Ltd at least in part by the bridge. senger seat disposed inwards of the seat portion and forms a cover the side walls. The passenger seat of the passenger compartment.

68 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 69 Annexure 2. Cycle saddles or seats; accessories... - IPC B62J

Record 7. APPARATUS FOR ADJUSTING BICYCLE SADDLE ANGLE Record 9. CHILD BICYCLE SEAT IN SEATED POSITION WHILE DRIVING Abstract Application Abstract Application A child bicycle seat releasably hollow pole, and a first quick Number Date Disclosed is an apparatus for and has a second hinge pin pene- Number Date mounted to a bicycle includes a release skewer secured to both the US15487446A 2017-04-14 adjusting a bicycle saddle angle trating the centres of the lower end US14778313A 2015-09-18 seat assembly including a child top cavity and the lower slots to Publication in a seated position while driving, portions thereof and of which the Publication seat secured to a tube member, fasten the front tube and the hol- Number Date which enables a user on a bicycle upper side is connected between Number Date a front tube mounted to a front low pole together; a clamp assem- US9751579B2 2017-09-05 saddle mounted on a bicycle to the upper end portions of the first US9783252B2 2017-10-10 end of the tube member and hav- bly including a top tube having Assignee/Applicant adjust an angle of the bicycle sad- fork shaped portion by the first ing top and bottom cavities, and two opposite slot members, a sec- Assignee/Applicant Mega Productions Co. dle with a simple operation accord- hinge pin; and an actuator fixed a quick release clamp mounted to ond quick release skewer secured Creven Co. Ltd., Seoul, Ltd., New Taipei, TW ing to a riding and driving state, or with a bracket to be spaced apart KR | Kim Choon Choo, a rear end of the tube member; a to both the bottom cavity and the | Cheng Wei, Taipei, the user’s needs. The apparatus from one side of the mount and Seoul, KR handlebar assembly including a slot members to fasten the front TW | Lu Ching Hsing, according to the present invention having an expandably-driven por- hollow pole having two opposite tube and the top tube together. Changhua, TW comprises: a mount of which the tion connected to the second hinge lower slots, a handlebar member The clamp assembly has a height lower portion is slidable upward pin on the corresponding position, threadedly secured to a top of the adjustment mechanism. and downward through the upper wherein a saddle of a bicycle is portion of a saddle frame and of fixed to the upper end of the sup- which the upper portion is in a porter, and the angle of the saddle Record 10. BRACKET COVER first fork shape and has a first is adjusted, about the first hinge Abstract Application hinge pin penetrating the centres pin, according to the movement A bracket cover is configured to detachably fix the cover main body Number Date of the upper end portions thereof; of the supporter resulting from the cover at least a portion of a bracket to a first side surface of an outer US15483584A 2017-04-10 a supporter of which the lower operation of the actuator. that is attachable to a handlebar perimeter portion of the bracket Publication portion is in a second fork shape of a bicycle. The bracket cover at the first edge portion. The sec- Number Date includes a cover main body, a first ond fixing member is configured US20170210438A1 2017-07-27 fixing member and a second fix- to detachably fix the cover main Assignee/Applicant Record 8. BICYCLE SEAT POST ADJUSTING STRUCTURE WHICH COMPRISES A LOWER POST AND ing member. The cover main body body to a second side surface of AN UPPER POST FIT OVER AND JOINTED TO EACH OTHER, A POSITIONING ASSEMBLY Shimano Inc., Osaka, JP includes a portion having a first an outer perimeter portion of the ARRANGED IN THE LOWER POST, AND AN UPWARD-RETURNING ELASTIC ELEMENT BIASING THE UPPER POST edge portion and a second edge bracket at the side edge portion. portion. The portion is between The first and second fixing mem- Abstract Application the first and second edge portions bers are separate members from A bicycle seat post adjusting first engagement positioning sur- Number Date being an elastic material. The first the cover main body. TW20154140095A 2015-12-01 structure comprises a lower post face engaged with each other for fixing member is configured to and an upper post sleevedly positioning. Through the first and Publication jointed to each other, a position- second engagement positioning Number Date Record 11. COMBINATION WATER BOTTLE AND PHONE HOLDER WITH MIRROR ing assembly arranged in the surfaces disengaging from each TW201720697A 2017-06-16 Abstract Application lower post, and an upward-re- other or engaging with each other Assignee/Applicant turning elastic element abutting for positioning, a relative position Moderne Tech Corp A combination bottle and phone the mirror is positioned on a Number Date against the upper post. The upper between the lower post and the holder has a base, a bottle holder deflectable lid that covers the US15187336A 2016-06-20 post is provided, on an inside sur- upper post can be adjusted or fixed portion and a phone holder por- opening. The phone holder por- Publication face thereof, with a first engage- so as to adjust the length of the tion. In some configurations, the tion includes a plate that is adjust- Number Date ment positioning surface. The seat post. Accordingly, the present holder also includes a mirror. The ably mounted to the base, a first US9682738B1 2017-06-20 positioning assembly comprises a invention simplifies the structure bottle holder portion includes a stop and a second stop. The first Assignee/Applicant primary positioning block having of the seat post and also reduces body that is adjustably mounted stop and the second stop are con- 3G Bikes LLC, Whittier, a second engagement position- the weight of a bicycle mounted to the base. The body has an open- figured to receive and secure a CA, US ing surface and a driving axle. The with the seat post, thereby ing configured to receive a water mobile phone there between. driving axle is operable to push achieving the purposes of both bottle. In some configurations, against the primary positioning providing high quality and low- block to make the second engage- ering down manufacturing cost. ment positioning surface and the

70 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 71 Annexure 2. Cycle saddles or seats; accessories... - IPC B62J

Record 12. BIKE SEAT BOOST POWER SEAT, FITS ALL BICYCLES Record 14. BICYCLE BACKSEAT Abstract Application Abstract Application The device is used to allow any without having to remove hands Number Date The utility model aims at solving with a hand lever capable of rotat- Number Date bicycle to have seat height adjust- from the handlebar. Activating the US14998942A 2016-03-08 the problem that when a bicycle ing on a plane of the two vertical CN201520094517U 2015-02-10 ment controlled by the rider lever while body weight is lifted Publication backseat is used to carry peo- bars around a hinging point, and Publication while the bicycle is in motion. from the seat unlocks the seat and Number Date ple, no position can be held, and the length of the hand lever is Number Date Seat height is adjustable to suit allows it to rise to the level desired. US20170259864A1 2017-09-14 things carried have no position to equal to the distance between the CN204489025U 2015-07-22 the needs of the operator. The Once the desired seat height is be fixed, so that danger is easilly two vertical bars. When a bicycle Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant device will provide up to 6 inches achieved the lever is released, to cause. The technical scheme is used for carrying people, the Austin Robert, Landrum, Tianjin Aidu Bicycle Co. of adjustment range. The lower body weight added, locking the adopted by the utility model is leaning rod can be used for lean- SC, US Ltd., Tianjin, 301700, CN portion of the device has 2 rails seat in the desired position. If that: the vehicle backseat coming and protect a person on the sized and space the same as on desired, the owner may set a prises a seat board, and a leaning backseat from falling off during all bicycle seats. This allows the memory position so that the next rod parallel with the seat board is turning left as well; the hand lever unit to be mounted to any style, time the seat is raised it automati- arranged above the right part of the is erected when the people get on size and type of seat-post/seat- cally stops at this height. To lower seat board; the middle of the lean- the bicycle, and laid flat for being clamp combination manufactured the seat the operator removes ing rod is connected at the center held by a hand after the people since 1960. The upper portion of their weight from the seat, acti- of the right side wall of the seat sit. When the bicycle is used for the unit is designed to accept any vates the lever unlocking the board through an L-shaped rod; carrying goods, the goods, the bicycle seat manufactured today seat and the while lever remains two corners on the left side of the leaning rod, the vertical bars and or past 50 years. A control cable depressed adds body weight to seat board are each provided with the hand lever can be wound and exits from the bottom of the lower lower the seat to the desired posi- an upward vertical bar; the tops knotted by a rope and the like, portion of the unit, runs along the tion. The existing seat clamp may of the vertical bars are provided and the goods can be prevented bicycle frame up to a small control be used to adjust the tilt of the with U-shaped openings; one of from damage or hitting others dur- lever installed nearby the handle- seat or to adjust the seat post the U-shaped openings is hinged ing falling off the vehicle. bar grips. This allows easy seat height when required to provide height adjustment while riding the best results from the device. Record 15. BICYCLE BASKET CONVENIENT TO MULTIPLE SHAPE ARTICLE OF SPLENDID ATTIRE Abstract Application Record 13. BICYCLE BACKSEAT CAPABLE OF STORING ARTICLES The utility model provides a bicy- bottom plate is for can dismantle Number Date Abstract Application cle basket convenient to multiple the connection, first breast board CN201620834443U 2016-08-01 The invention discloses a bicycle on the inner sides of the storage Number Date shape article of splendid attire, with it has the baffle to peg graft Publication backseat capable of storing arti- boxes, sponge layers are arranged CN201610711186A 2016-08-24 comprising a base plate, the up between the second breast board, Number Date cles. The bicycle backseat com- at bottoms of the sealing covers, Publication end of bottom plate is equipped the mounting bracket that the CN206067985U 2017-04-05 prises a main bearing plate, a and a limit groove is formed in the with first breast board and second side fixedly connected with of bot- Number Date Assignee/Applicant drawer and storage boxes, wherein middle of the drawer. The main breast board, first breast board tom plate is connected with main CN106143705A 2016-11-23 Sanheshun (Tianjin) a base plate is arranged at the top bearing plate and the drawer are with the second breast board con- body of bicycle, the fixed orifices Assignee/Applicant Electronic Technology Co. of the main bearing plate, a buffer- arranged, the storage boxes are stitutes an enclosure space, first has been seated up on the mount- Wuxi Hengteng Precision Ltd., Tianjin, 301713, CN ing layer is arranged at the top of arranged in the drawer, so that breast board comprises entity ing bracket. The beneficial effects Machinery Co. Ltd., the base plate, a buffering cushion the bicycle backseat has an arti- panel, and the second breast of the utility model are that: this Wuxi, Jiangsu, CN is arranged at the top of the buff- cle carrying function, meanwhile, board then has the strip material designs simple structure, and the ering layer, the drawer is arranged the sealing covers arranged on the to interweave through the warp manufacturing of being conven- in an inner cavity of the main inner sides of the storage boxes direction latitudinal direction to ient for can also hold the article of bearing plate, the three storage and the sponge layers arranged at form, first breast board with bot- different volumes and shape, has boxes are arranged on the inner the bottoms of the sealing covers tom plate fixed connection, the stronger suitability. side of the drawer and distributed are matched, the articles stored second breast board with the triangularly, sealing covers are in the storage boxes can be effec- arranged in positions near tops of tively protected and can be pre- inner sides of the storage boxes, vented from being damaged. rubber layers are also arranged

72 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 73 Annexure 2. Cycle saddles or seats; accessories... - IPC B62J

Record 16. CHILD SEAT RAIN COVER Record 19. BICYCLE SEAT CUSHION ADJUSTING STRUCTURE WHEREBY THE SEAT CUSHION CAN Abstract Application BE SIMULTANEOUSLY PIVOTED AND TILTED BACKWARDLY TO MATCH THE RYTHMN OF THE RIDER TO PROVIDE A QUICK AND EASY ADJUSTMNET OF THE PIVOTING EFFECT Problem to be solved: To provide Solution: In a rain cover for cov- Number Date Abstract Application a child seat rain cover designed ering a child seat mounted on a JP2015205085A 2015-10-16 such that, when the child seat rain bicycle, a member composing Publication The present invention is mainly member; a connecting group hav- Number Date TW20154126925A 2015-08-19 cover composed by sewing and a rain cover comprises a trans- Number Date to provide a bicycle seat cushion ing a plurality of gripping mem- Publication joining transparent polyvinylchlo- parent polyvinylchloride sheet. JP2017074933A 2017-04-20 adjusting structure comprising: a bers and pivoted with the pivot ride and other members is pulled Tarpaulin is stuck to at least part seat post; an inner pipe extending joint so as to sandwich the grip- Number Date Assignee/Applicant with hand or caught by something, of a portion where the polyvinyl- in the seat post, and a pivoting ping members at a seat bow of the TW201708017A 2017-03-01 A&K Ltd. Co. with a result that strong force is chloride sheet is to be sewn with base is provided at the top end of seat cushion. With the aforesaid Assignee/Applicant applied to the cover, and even if other members, and is sewn to the inner pipe; a control device for components, when the seat cush- Kind Shock Hi-Tech the strength of the polyvinylchlo- the other members together with controlling and driving the lifting ion can be lifted up and down in Co. Ltd. ride decreases due to low tem- the polyvinylchloride. action of the inner pipe; a linkage conjunction with the interlock- perature or deterioration resulting group having a pivot joint pivotally ing of the linkage group, the seat from aging, a polyvinylchloride connected to the pivoting base, cushion can be simultaneously sewn part cannot easily be torn. the other end of the pivot joint is pivoted and tilted backwardly to pivotally connected to a connect- match the rhythm of the rider for ing member, the inner pipe being provide a quick and easy adjust- Record 17. VENTILATIVE TYPE BICYCLE SADDLE provided with a sliding member, ment of the pivoting effect of the Abstract Application and one end of the sliding mem- seat cushion, thereby improving The utility model provides a venti- is equipped with radiator fan in, Number Date ber is pivoted with a connecting the handling and safety. lative type bicycle saddle, includ- and radiator fan installs on the CN201620946167U 2016-08-26 ing steel pipe, saddle support saddle support body and is close Publication Record 20. BICYCLE SEATPOST ASSEMBLY body, the saddle body of stand- to the inlet port, is equipped with Number Date Abstract Application ing vertically, the saddle support a plurality of first air vents on the CN206067964U 2017-04-05 body is located the top of steel saddle support body, lies in to be A bicycle seat post assembly com- mount a bicycle saddle to the dis- Number Date Assignee/Applicant pipe upright, the saddle body is equipped with the support frame prises a first cylinder, a second tal end part of the second cylinder. CN201610219625A 2016-04-11 Tianjin Vader Bicycle Co. installed on the saddle support between the adjacent first air vent, cylinder, a mounting structure, a The first engagement portion is Publication Ltd., Tianjin, 301709, CN body, and the both ends of saddle and the support frame lies in the first engagement portion, and a provided to an outer periphery of Number Date support body are equipped with cavity. The utility model aims to second engagement portion. The the second cylinder. The second CN106240688A 2016-12-21 inlet port and vent hole respec- provide gas permeability is good, second cylinder is configured to be engagement portion is configured Assignee/Applicant tively, and this internal cavity that uses comfortable ventilative type telescopically received in the first to engage with the first engage- Shimano Inc., JP is equipped with of saddle bicycle saddle. cylinder. The mounting structure ment portion such that a circum- is attached to a distal end part of ferential position of the mounting the second cylinder. The mounting structure relative to the second Record 18. BICYCLE SEAT POST ASSEMBLY structure is configured to fixedly cylinder is selectively adjustable. Abstract Application A bicycle seat post assembly com- adjustable within an adjusta- Number Date prises a first cylinder, a second ble position range of the bicycle US14175301A 2014-02-07 Record 21. SADDLE PILLAR cylinder, a positioning structure, seat post assembly. The mechan- Publication Abstract Application and a mechanical position inform- ical position informing structure Number Date The invention is a seat post com- portion having at least one sur- Number Date WO2012IB57459A 2012-12-19 ing structure. The second cylinder is configured to inform a user US9580124B2 2017-02-28 prising a tubular body having one face not parallel to the longitudi- is configured to be telescopically that at least one of the first and end suited to be coupled with the nal axis (X) of the seat post and Publication Assignee/Applicant received in the first cylinder. The second cylinders reaches a ref- saddle and shaped so that it fits in suited to interfere with the tubu- Number Date Shimano Inc., Sakai, JP positioning structure is configured erence position. The reference an apposite tubular housing pro- lar wall of said tubular housing in WO2014096903A1 2014-06-26 to relatively position the first cylin- position is defined between a vided in the casing of the saddle. the casing, so as to prevent the Assignee/Applicant der and the second cylinder such maximum-length position and a Said coupling end of the seat post seat post from sliding axially, at Selle SMP SAS DI M. that a positional relation ship minimum-length position of the comprises a substantially tubular least in the direction of extraction Schiavon, IT between the first cylinder and the adjustable position range. wall with at least one discontinuous from the housing. second cylinder is continuously

74 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 75 Annexure 2. Cycle saddles or seats; accessories... - IPC B62J

Record 22. NOVEL BICYCLE SADDLE Record 24. WATERPROOF DIRT-PROOF BICYCLE SADDLE Abstract Application Abstract Application The invention relates to a novel respectively; the upper ends of Number Date The utility model discloses a bottom, the push rod lower Number Date bicycle saddle which comprises a the steel wire ropes are fixed to CN201510173248A 2015-04-13 waterproof, dirt-proof bicycle extreme is equipped with the CN201520973093U 2015-11-30 saddle body and a sleeve, wherein the lower ends of the saddle body; Publication saddle, including the steel pipe spring, upright be equipped with Publication the sleeve sleeves a saddle pipe, the steel wire ropes penetrate Number Date standing vertically, the saddle the backup pad in the steel pipe, Number Date and can move up and down along downwards through the adjusting CN106143696A 2016-11-23 body, a supporting plate, a spring, spring lower extreme joint support CN205273698U 2016-06-01 the saddle pipe; an adjusting plate, and are fixed by clamping the push rod, the push pedal, the board, the stay cord is connected Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant plate capable of moving up and parts. Through the adoption of push pedal recess, stay cord and to the push rod both sides, folding Tianjin Lingyan Industry Tianjin Vader Bicycle Co. down along the saddle pipe is the structure, the flexible adjust- folding back plate. upright the back plate is connected through and Trade Co. Ltd., Ltd., Tianjin, 301709, CN arranged on the saddle pipe; the ment of the height of the bicycle Tianjin, CN saddle body is connected on the the pivot in saddle body upper adjusting plate is fixed to the sad- saddle and the flexible adjust- steel pipe top, saddle body mid- end both sides, folding back plate dle pipe through a bolt; a damp- ment of the damping degree of dle part upper end is equipped inward folding and the contact of ing spring and steel wire ropes are the bicycle saddle can be realized with the push pedal recess, the push pedal both sides, the stay arranged between the adjusting at the same time, so that individ- vertical push rod that is equipped cord passes saddle body both plate and the saddle body; two ual requirements of riders can be with in the push pedal recess, the sides, stay cord tip and the folding ends of the damping spring are greatly met, and the comfortability push rod top is equipped with back plate outside is connected. fixedly connected with the adjust- of riding is improved. the push pedal, the push pedal is Avoid infecting with dust and ing plate and the saddle body the same with push pedal recess rainwater, keep the saddle clean, shape size, it is inside that saddle reduce and clean the number of body top is passed to the push rod times, prolong the life of saddle. Record 23. BICYCLE SADDLE STRUCTURE WITH HEIGHT ADJUSTED DURING RIDING Abstract Application The invention discloses a bicycle rod; a bulge correspondingly Number Date Record 25. BICYCLE SADDLE THAT POSSESSES PRESSURE DATA ACQUISITION FUNCTION saddle structure with the height embedded in the groove is CN201010619277A 2010-12-31 Abstract Application adjusted during riding. A support- formed in the connecting rod Publication The utility model discloses a bicy- passes through articulated seat Number Date ing spring is sleeved on a saddle sleeve, so the connecting rod can Number Date cle saddle that possesses pres- connect in supporting beam, the CN201520246987U 2015-04-22 connecting rod sleeve and is used be ensured to not rotate when CN102416987A 2012-04-18 sure data acquisition function, saddle face is inside still to be pro- Publication for ejecting a saddle to the high- sliding up and down in the con- including saddle face, saddle seat vided with a plurality of pressure Assignee/Applicant Number Date est position when the saddle is necting rod sleeve. When the frame, supporting beam and pole sensor that are used for detecting The Second Foreign CN204937313U 2016-01-06 not used; a pin hole is formed at bicycle is ridden, the saddle is setting, the saddle face sets up human pressure to saddle different Language School of Assignee/Applicant the most front end of the saddle; required to be lowered, only by in saddle seat frame’s upper sur- positions to and be used for saving Shanghai Normal Putian University, Putian, when the saddle is at the highest kneading the hand brake, the face, the front portion of saddle the memory of pressure sensors University, Shanghai, Fujian, 351100, CN position, a pin shaft is inserted hand brake drives the steel wire 201300, CN seat frame’s lower surface is pro- output data, wherein, pressure into the pin hole to position the bundle to forwards pull the steel vided with preceding slot, and the sensor sets up respectively in the saddle and is fixed and connected sheet, then the pin shaft is driven rear portion of saddle seat frame’s front portion of saddle face, left at one end of a steel sheet of a to slide from the pin hole, and the lower surface is provided with back portion and right back por- cross beam of a bicycle; and a saddle downwards slides quickly two back slots, and a supporting tion. This bicycle saddle can take steel wire bundle is fixed on the under the self weight of a rider. beam’s front end inserts in the notes when riding the human body other face of the end of the steel Therefore, the feet of the rider can preceding slot, insert a supporting to the pressure of the different sheet and is connected to a hand stably and completely land, and beam’s rear end in the back slot, positions of saddle, and the peo- brake along the steel sheet and the the bicycle saddle structure con- the pole setting sets up on bicycle ple of being convenient for cor- cross beam. A groove from top to tributes to the personnel safety of rack, and the top of pole setting is rect its position of sitting of riding. bottom is formed on a connecting the rider in an emergency. provided with articulated seat, and

76 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 77 Annexure 2. Cycle saddles or seats; accessories... - IPC B62J

Record 26. BICYCLE SADDLE WITH SPRING SHOCK ABSORBERS Record 29. BICYCLE Abstract Application Abstract Application The invention discloses a bicycle arms rotate in a swing mode simul- Number Date The invention relates to a bicycle bicycle wherein the axis of rota- Number Date saddle with spring shock absorb- taneously. When a bicycle body is CN201610444877A 2016-06-21 having a bicycle seat arrangement tion of the bicycle seat arrange- IN2015DN111A 2015-01-06 ers. The bicycle saddle comprises loosened, the bicycle body needs Publication which is rotatable with respect ment viewed in direction of travel Publication a bicycle saddle body. The front to rebound with spring force, Number Date to the bicycle and connected to is arranged in front of the axle of Number Date end of the bottom of the bicycle the shock absorbers achieve a CN106043511A 2016-10-26 same a bicycle drive which drives the bottom bracket and wherein IN201500111P1 2015-05-29 saddle body is connected with damping effect on rebound of the a rear wheel and has a bottom the sitting surface of the bicycle Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant an arc manganese steel sheet springs at the moment, and the bracket and two pedals which are seat is arranged viewed in direc- Shaanxi University of Bettin Kartsen rod, and the rear end of the bot- springs tend to be stable after alternately moved downwards tion of travel behind the axle of Science & Technology, tom of the bicycle saddle body is rebounding, so that vibration Xi’an, Shanxi, CN and a steering column which is the bottom bracket. The rotatable connected with the arc manga- brought by the springs is greatly connected at the top to a handle- bicycle seat arrangement makes nese steel sheet rod through the reduced. The bicycle saddle has bar and at the bottom to a front an upright riding position pos- two shock absorbers. It is actually the characteristics of being sim- wheel fork. The invention is char- sible by diverting the downward springs which are compressed ple in structure and good in shock acterized in that the rotational moving leg of the rider through a when the bicycle saddle body is absorbing effect. movement of the bicycle seat rotational movement. Simultane- pressed, and corresponding swing arrangement viewed in direction ously, it supports the hip side of of travel is possible to the left the other leg. The rider is also sup- and right side and is independent ported by the bicycle seat even in Record 27. FOLDABLE PRECEDING INFANT’S SEAT OF BICYCLE of the steering movement of the an upright riding position. Abstract Application The utility model provides a folda- the bracing are the state that the Number Date ble preceding infant’s seat of bicy- right angle links to each other, CN201520518939U 2015-07-17 Record 30. NOVEL ELASTIC DOUBLE-SIDE USED BICYCLE SADDLE cle is linked to each other by chair support with the seat around be Publication Abstract Application leg, draw-in groove, seat, sup- equipped with round cloth pocket Number Date The invention discloses a novel surface of the cushion; the upper Number Date CN201410376329A 2014-08-03 port, bracing and cloth pocket and and bordure, be equipped with CN204846144U 2015-12-09 elastic double-side used bicycle through holes and the lower constitutes, be connected with on bordering and bind the area, saddle which comprises a cush- through holes are connected Publication Assignee/Applicant draw-in groove, seat respectively during the use, place the draw-in ion, an elastic column, a fixing through the spiral rod sleeve Number Date Liu Yun, Huaibei, Anhui, on the chair leg, erection bracing groove of this seat respectively on plate, a spiral rod sleeve and respectively; a damping layer is 235000, CN CN104176161A 2014-12-03 and bracing on the spindle nose of the girder of two slopes of bicycle, through holes, wherein the cush- arranged on the cushion at the posi- Assignee/Applicant seat, the department is equipped make in the girder is in the draw-in ion is arranged on the upper sur- tion of the groove body. According AI Huo-mei, Wuhu, with the locating piece in the mid- groove completely, sit the infant or face and the lower surface of the to the novel elastic double-side Anhui, 241200, CN dle of the seat, and support and put down and lie on the seat, just fixing plate; a semi-arc-shaped used bicycle saddle, the structure seat after fixing a position through can walk or drive slowly by bike. groove body is formed in the back is simple and novel, the saddle can end of the cushion; the elastic meet use requirements in various column used for supporting is conditions through the double-side Record 28. CUSHION FOR CHILD’S BICYCLE arranged in the groove body; a design, moreover the comfortabil- Abstract Application spiral rod sleeve is perpendicu- ity of the saddle can be realized The utility model discloses a cush- the lower end of the handle seat Number Date larly arranged on the fixing plate; through the design of the elastic ion for a child’s bicycle. The cush- and arranged in the transverse CN201520204043U 2015-04-07 through holes are formed in each column and the damping layer, ion comprises a cushion body and direction of the cushion body. The Publication of the upper surface and the lower and the practicability is strong. further comprises a handle seat cushion for the child’s bicycle is Number Date made of metal. The edge of the compact in structure, more con- CN204489029U 2015-07-22 lower end of the rear portion of the venient to move, capable of help- Assignee/Applicant cushion body is fixedly sleeved ing a beginner and free of influ- Ningbo Topright with the handle seat. A handle is ences on cushion comfort. Leisure Products Co. obliquely arranged downwards at Ltd., Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315193, CN

78 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 79 Annexure 3. Cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices... - IPC B62K

Annexure 3. Cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices; rider- Record 4. DEVICE FOR MOUNTING A WHEEL ON A BICYCLE FRAME operated terminal controls specially adapted for cycles; cycle Abstract Application The invention relates to a device pivoted to the first lever element Number Date axle suspensions; cycle sidecars, forecars, or the like - IPC B62K for mounting a wheel on a bicycle about a pivoting axis (Y) perpen- EP2017159887A 2017-03-08 frame. Such a device comprises dicular to the longitudinal axis Publication Record 1. INTEGRAL BICYCLE FRAME a pin extending along a longitu- (X). The second lever element is Number Date Abstract Application dinal axis (X) and having an axial housed in the axial through hole EP3216684A1 2017-09-13 through hole. The pin comprises, when the lever is in said first oper- An integral bicycle frame, which The seat tube is arranged between Number Date Assignee/Applicant at a first free end portion thereof, ative position, and is positioned comprises a front beam, a rear the front beam and the rear fork. WO2016CN106369A 2016-11-18 Campagnolo S.R.L., a threading and, at a second free outside the axial through hole fork, a head tube, and a seat tube, The lower beam and the rear lower Publication 36100 Vicenza, IT end portion thereof, a pin head. when the lever is in said second with these parts being integrally fork converge at one extremity of Number Date A lever for driving the rotation of operative position. In this last formed by means of a stamping the seat tube; the upper beam WO2017181666A1 2017-10-26 the pin about the longitudinal axis position, the second lever element or die-casting process. The front and the rear upper fork converge in Assignee/Applicant (X) is housed in the axial through can be rotated with respect to the beam comprises an upper beam proximity to the other extremity of Taicang Zhetaitian hole and is axially moveable with first lever element about the pivot- and a lower beam. The rear fork the seat tube. The integral bicycle Product Design Co. respect to the pin between a first ing axis (Y) and at least one of the comprises a rear upper fork and frame not only completely obviates Ltd.,CN operative position and a second first lever element and the second a rear lower fork. The head tube a welding process in the produc- operative position. The lever com- lever element is coupled with said is provided at one extremity of the tion process, but also ensures that prises a first lever element housed pin through a shape coupling, front beam. One extremity of the the tubular structure has great latin the axial through hole when the allowing a torque transfer between upper beam and that of the lower eral impact resistance. lever is in said first operative posi- lever and pin following the rota- beam converge at the head pipe. tion and second operative position of the second lever element tion, and a second lever element about the longitudinal axis (X). Record 2. BICYCLE FRAME WITH PASSIVE SEAT TUBE PIVOT JOINT Abstract Application Record 5. BUTTERFLY FORMULA BICYCLE HANDLEBAR A bicycle frame assembly that frame member and is connected Number Date Abstract Application includes an upper frame member by a pivot to the upper frame US14878658A 2015-10-08 The utility model provides a but- position is fixed with the con- Number Date and a lower frame member that member so that the seat tube can Publication terfly formula bicycle handlebar, necting axle, the connecting axle CN201621010611U 2016-08-31 each extend between a head tube deflect from a rest position with- Number Date including vehicle mirror mecha- is connected with the fixed block Publication and a dropout. A seat tube extends out altering an orientation of a US9789925B2 2017-10-17 nism, glue cloth, the handlebar through the bearing, installation between the upper frame member top tube to a bottom tube of the Number Date Assignee/Applicant main part, the pipe box, the fixer, piece lower extreme is equipped and the lower frame member. The upper and lower frame members, CN206155710U 2017-05-10 Trek Bicycle Corpora- vehicle mirror equipment, the with the telescopic link, the sleeve seat tube is preferably connected respectively. Assignee/Applicant tion,Waterloo, WI, US connecting axle, the fixed block, pipe is installed to the telescopic to a bottom bracket of the lower Tianjin Huaxia Bicycle the installation piece, the tele- link lower extreme, the sleeve Corporation, Tianjin, scopic link, the sleeve pipe, the pipe lower extreme is assem- 300000, CN rotary disk, the dead lever, regula- bling the rotary disk, the rotary Record 3. BICYCLE CONTROL DEVICE tor and U type groove, two vehicle disk lower extreme is equipped Abstract Application mirror mechanism symmetries are with the dead lever, the regu- installed on both ends are con- lator is installed on the sleeve A bicycle control device is basi- The user-operating member is Number Date trolled to the handlebar main part, pipe, processing is gone up to cally provided with a housing, a adjustably mounted to the base US13923603A 2013-06-21 two are glued the assembly of the installation piece has U type base member, a user operating member and partially disposed in Publication cloth symmetry in the handlebar groove, the utility model discloses member and a fixing member. The the internal space. The user-operat- Number Date main part, install the pipe box on convenient to use, the rear por- housing has an internal space. The ing member has a user-contacting US9771129B2 2017-09-26 the handlebar main part interme- tion condition is convenient for base member is at least partially portion. The fixing member fixes Assignee/Applicant diate position, be equipped with observe in the operation of being disposed in the internal space the user-operating member to the Shimano (Singapore) PTE. the fixer on the pipe box front end, convenient for, carries high com- and pivotally arranged relative base member at one of at least a Ltd., Jurong Town, SG vehicle mirror equipment right fort, realizes the illumination, to the housing about a first axis. first position and a second position. -hand member face intermediate increases the illumination zone.

80 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 81 Annexure 3. Cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices... - IPC B62K

Record 6. A SUSPENSIN SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES WITH AT LEAST TWO WHEELS Record 9. FOUR BAR REAR SUSPENSION FOR A BICYCLE Abstract Application Abstract Application A suspension system for vehicles with the chassis and whose resist- Number Date A bicycle frame is adapted to pro- to a distal end of the seat stay Number Date with at least two wheels compris- ance is an articulated joint with EP2015820874A 2015-12-03 vide suspension to a human user. forward of the seat stay pivot. A WO2016US63160A 2016-11-21 ing a rigid structure supporting one of the ends of the damping Publication The bicycle frame has a top tube lower shock mount is attached Publication the axle of a rear wheel of the device, with the arrangement and Number Date and down tube connected to a to the chain stay rearward of the Number Date vehicle and a damping device, the orientation of the connecting rods EP3235711A1 2017-10-25 head tube. A seat tube fixed to seat stay pivot. A shock is con- WO2017091516A3 2017-07-06 rigid structure being connected to being such that the Instant Rota- the top tube and down tube connected to the upper shock mount Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant the chassis through correspond- tion Center (IRC) of the rigid struc- nects to the bottom bracket. A and the lower shock mount pass- Pisa Canyelles Soncrant Jeffrey, Emi- ing lower and upper mechanisms ture remains, during the whole chain stay is rotatably coupled to ing the seat tube from forward Roger,07320 Santa Maria nent Cycles, US that comprise corresponding con- stroke of the damping device, del Cami, ES the seat tube at a chain stay pivot. to rearward. A rear axle plate is necting rods, at least one of said ahead of the articulated joint of the A seat stay is rotatably coupled to attached to the seat stay and connecting rods forming part of a connecting rod of the lower mecha- the seat tube at a seat stay pivot. the chain stay and configured to lever whose fulcrum is the articu- nism with the chassis. An upper shock mount is attached accommodate a rear axle. lated joint of the connecting rod

Record 10. BICYCLE OPERATING DEVICE AND BICYCLE SEAT POST APPARATUS Record 7. SUSPENSION SYSTEM Abstract Application Abstract Application A bicycle-operating device position to move a mechani- Number Date A compression assembly/system hydraulic bottom-out mechanism; Number Date comprises a base member, a cal control cable relative to the TW20165132409A 2016-10-06 for a front suspension fork for a and substantially co-located US14460800A 2014-08-15 brake-operating member, and a base member. The first operat- Publication bicycle is disclosed. The com- external adjustment controls for Publication first operating member. The base ing member is movable relative Number Date pression assembly/system of the bottom-out mechanism and low- Number Date member comprises a first end por- to the base member between TW201720700A 2017-06-16 front suspension fork may com- speed compression mechanism tion, a second end portion, and the rest position and the oper- US9758210B2 2017-09-12 Assignee/Applicant prise a combination of improved and high-speed compression a grip portion. The brake-operat- ated position without mechani- Assignee/Applicant Shimano KK functional assemblies including mechanism. The compression ing member is movably coupled cally positioning the mechanical Hayes Bicycle Group a hydraulic bottom-out assem- assembly/system may also com- to the base member to operate control cable relative to the base Inc., Mequon, WI, US bly/mechanism and a low-speed prise an axially-oriented (com- a brake device. The first oper- member during a movement of compression assembly/mecha- pression) mechanism configured ating member is coupled to the the first operating member occur- nism and a high-speed compres- to transmit movement/adjust- base member movably between ring between the rest position sion assembly/mechanism. The ment radially from inner compo- a rest position and an operated and the operated position. compression assembly/system nents to outer components of the of the front suspension fork may mechanisms to be adjusted. comprise an externally-adjustable Record 11. BICYCLE PEDAL Abstract Application A bicycle pedal is provided with stopping points and the rear pivot Number Date Record 8. BICYCLE FRAME | CADRE DE VELO a pedal body having a front cleat axis define a triangle with a first US2007950002A 2007-12-04 Abstract Application retainer and a rear cleat retainer. side interconnecting the forward Publication A sport bicycle frame with a head openings each for a seat post, said Number Date The rear cleat retainer is pivotally and rear cleat stopping points, a Number Date WO2016EP53974A 2016-02-25 tube and a seat post mounting insertion openings being differ- coupled to the pedal body about second side interconnecting the US9656720B2 2017-05-23 arrangement, whereby said bicy- ently distant from said head tube. Publication a rear pivot axis. The front cleat rear cleat step-in point and the rear Assignee/Applicant cle frame is the frame of a single The invention is further directed to Number Date retainer has a forward cleat stop- pivot axis, and a third side inter- Shimano Inc., Osaka, rider bicycle and wherein said a set of bicycle components and a ping point facing towards the rear connecting the forward cleat stop- WO2017144100A1 2017-08-31 JP | Takahama Kimitaka, seat post mounting arrangement single rider sport bicycle compris- end of the pedal body. The rear cleat ping point and the rear pivot axis, Assignee/Applicant Osaka, JP | Kakinoki comprises at least two insertion ing said bicycle frame. retainer has a rear cleat step-in with an interior angle of ninety BMC Switzerland AG, CH Nobuyuki, Osaka, JP point facing away from the pedal degrees or less between the first | Inoue Akira, Osaka, body. The forward and rear cleat and second sides of the triangle. JP | Okajima Shinpei, Osaka, JP

82 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 83 Annexure 3. Cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices... - IPC B62K

Record 12. A HANDLE COVER FOR BICYCLE Record 15. BICYCLE HANDLEBAR AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEROF Abstract Application Abstract Application The present invention relates to a middle finger, a ring finger, and Number Date The invention relates to a man- two ends of the main handle are Number Date a bicycle handle cover, and more a little finger except the thumb are KR2015151229A 2015-10-28 ufacturing method of a bicycle fixed to two joints between the two CN201510323211A 2015-06-12 particularly, to a bicycle handle integrally accommodated. And the Publication handlebar. The manufacturing ends of the connecting sections, Publication cover formed to protect fingers cover is injection-molded integrally Number Date method comprises the follow- on the inner sides of the connect- Number Date from the cold weather of the win- with a handle grip body having a KR2017049326A 2017-05-10 ing steps of separately forming ing sections in a joining manner. CN106275206A 2017-01-04 ter when riding a bicycle as well as handle fastener and is fixed to a a main handle and two second- Through the adoption of the man- Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant to protect the fingers when falling bicycle handle support bar. More- ary handles, wherein a connect- ufacturing method disclosed by Lee Yoon Hee, KR | Lee Si Xie Wen-zheng| Xie Wen- down while riding a bicycle. The over, the cover is detachably fixed ing section and a holding section the invention, bending parts are Hyung, KR xiu, Taiwan, CN inside of the cover comprises: a to the handle grip body by assem- are integrally formed on each of omitted for the bicycle handlebar thumb fastener capable of pro- bling a female button and a male the secondary handles, and the manufactured by the manufac- tecting a thumb; and a fingers button formed on a fixing hook. holding section is provided with turing method disclosed by the fastener in which an index finger, a front bending part and a rear invention, so that the distance bending part; each of the front between the main handle and the bending parts is connected to the secondary handles is shortened, Record 13. A BICYCLE FRAME corresponding connecting sec- and time for two hands to alter- Abstract Application tion, extends in a direction away nate on the main handle and the A bicycle frame comprising: a front to the body about a first rotation Number Date from a rear wheel of a bicycle, and secondary handles is shortened; triangle; a rear frame articulated axis; wherein the rear frame is TW20165122859A 2016-07-20 is bended downwards; each of the and besides, the secondary han- to the front triangle; a body asso- articulated to the body about a Publication rear bending parts is connected dles are close to a body of a user, ciated to the front triangle and second rotation axis parallel to Number Date to the corresponding front bend- so that the user can hold the sec- mobile with respect thereto; a bot- the first rotation axis. TW201713544A 2017-04-16 ing part, bended downwards, and ondary handles in a sitting posture tom bracket rotatably associated extends in a direction approaching which conforms to ergonomics. Assignee/Applicant the rear wheel of the bicycle; and Pedretti Andrea

Record 16. BICYCLE ANGLE ADJUSTMENT DEVICE FOR ROTATIONALLY ADJUSTING A FIRST BICYCLE PART IN RELATION TO A SECOND BICYCLE PART Record 14. ADJUSTABLE BICYCLE HANDLEBAR Abstract Application Abstract Application The bicycle angle adjustment second bicycle part is provided Number Date The utility model discloses an accessories such as fixing bolt, Number Date device according to the invention with an external toothing which, WO2008IB3435A 2008-12-11 adjustable bicycle handlebar, install and can’t see breaking of CN201520303286U 2015-05-12 is suitable for rotationally adjust- when mounted, meshes into the Publication including handlebar, rubber contact mouth at the neck, keep Publication ing a first bicycle part in relation internal toothing of the intermedi- Number Date sleeve, fixing bolt, brake lever, can’t see any mouth of cutting into Number Date to a second bicycle part. The first ate ring, in such a way that a sec- WO2009077836A3 2009-09-11 connecting bolt, bracing piece and from the outward appearance, keep bicycle part is provided with a ond set of meshing toothings is CN204701735U 2015-10-14 Assignee/Applicant T type pole, the beneficial effects the outward appearance internality hole with an internal toothing. formed. The first set of toothings Assignee/Applicant 3T Design Ltd., CN | of the utility model are that: fix- to make the outward appearance Also, an intermediate ring is pro- has a first minimum angular rota- Aita Auto Industry Co. McAinsh Richard, IT ing bolt can follow the bracing seem more pleasing to the eye, vided with an external and inter- tion and the second set of tooth- Ltd., Tianjin, 301709, CN piece and reciprocate, make this coordinate, the handlebar design nal toothing, wherein the inter- ings has a second minimum angu- handlebar when installing on the is the half -circular arc form, the mediate ring’s external toothing, lar 0 rotation. The first minimum bicycle, fixing bolt is adjusted and operator can use multiple modes when 5 mounted, meshes into the angular rotation of the first set of the far and near distance of han- to master the handlebar, operator’s internal toothing of the first bicy- toothings differs from the second dlebar length can be adjusted at travelling comfort is increased, cle part. In this way, a first set of minimum angular rotation of the will according to the requirement wrap up rubber sleeve on the han- meshing toothings is formed. The second set of toothings. of self, connecting bolt can dis- dlebar, thereby, the operator can mantle and install in handlebar effectually reduce the friction pro- and bracing piece neck, the brake tection hand of handlebar to the is installed to the convenience, hand when holding the handlebar.

84 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 85 Annexure 3. Cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices... - IPC B62K

Record 17. BICYCLE CONTROL DEVICE Record 20. NOVEL BICYCLE HEAD HANDLEBAR Abstract Application Abstract Application A bicycle control device includes shifting device by a control cable. Number Date The invention discloses a novel cover is arranged on the through Number Date a housing member, a control lever The hydraulic fluid pressure gen- US14094736A 2013-12-02 bicycle head handlebar. The han- holes, an elastic reinforcing rib CN201410402786A 2014-08-17 member, a shift-operating mech- erator has a cylinder, a piston Publication dlebar comprises a cross rod, locking strip is arranged in the Publication anism and a hydraulic fluid pres- movably disposed within the cyl- Number Date a vertical rod, grab handles, cross rod, penetrates through the Number Date sure generator. The housing mem- inder by movement of control US9505463B2 2016-11-29 through holes, a protective cover grab handles and can be stretched CN104118514A 2014-10-29 ber has an attachment part for lever member to generate fluid and arc-shaped grab handles. The outwards, and the two ends of the Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant attachment to a handlebar, and a pressure for controlling a braking cross rod and the vertical rod are reinforcing rib locking strip can be Shimano Inc., Sakai, AI Huo-mei, Wuhu, grip part extending longitudinally device, a piston position adjust- formed in an integral design mode buckled. The novel bicycle head Osaka, JP Anhui, 241200, CN between first and second ends ment mechanism adjustably cou- and are hollow steel tubes, thread handlebar is simple in structure of the grip part. The control lever pling the piston with respect to rings are arranged in the two ends and ingenious in design, in this member pivots relative to the the cylinder to change an initial of the cross rod, the grab handles way, different handle grabbing housing member. The shift-oper- position of the piston with respect are spirally arranged at the two modes can be selected accord- ating mechanism is coupled to a to the cylinder. ends of the cross rod, the portions, ing to different road segments, close to the grab handles, below the riding posture is improved, the cross rod are spirally provided fatigue is relieved, and people do Record 18. TANDEM BICYCLE with the arc-shaped grab han- not need to worry about neither Abstract Application dles, the multiple through holes the situation that people can not A tandem bicycle is provided on the inventive tandem bicycle Number Date are formed in the front side of the see a road clearly when travelling that has a shortened wheel base improves the level of participation IN2014KN1604A 2014-07-31 cross rod and internally provided at night, or the possibility that the between the front and rear wheels and interaction between the rid- Publication with LED lamps, the protective lamps are damaged. that allows a rider to ride comfort- ers. The wheelbase is reduced by Number Date ably alone from either the front or bringing the front wheel closer to IN201401604P2 2015-10-23 rear seats, or with a passenger in the front seat position. A reduced Record 21. REAR WHEEL DRIVE Assignee/Applicant the front seat. The frame length diameter front wheel is provided Abstract Application Raymond Shawn C. of the inventive tandem bicycle is to accommodate rotational clear- The invention relates to a rear According to the invention, a run- Number Date comparable to a standard single ance of the front pedals thereby wheel drive, optionally for bicy- ning wheel coupling that trans- EP2012740880A 2012-07-07 seat bicycle. The reduced proximity allowing two riders to ride on a cles or for trailer bicycles. The mits the torque of the driving Publication between riders, and the ability to bicycle frame with a length com- rear wheel drive, which is advan- mechanism directly onto the rear Number Date steer for both the front or rear seats mon to single rider bicycle. tageous for driving small rear wheel shaft is achieved between EP2731857A1 2014-05-21 wheels, contains at least one out- the driving mechanism and the Assignee/Applicant put gear rim of a chain drive, a rear wheel shaft, whereby the use Bettin Karsten, 30173 Record 19. HEAD PART ASSEMBLY FOR A BICYCLE driving mechanism that has the of output gear rims with particu- Hannover, DE Abstract Application output gear rim or a driving mech- larly small tooth counts becomes A head parts assembly for a bicy- members each are a hollow tubu- Number Date anism that is non-rotatably con- possible. Thus, short distances cle includes two bowls, a plurality lar structure with a cable hole for IN2014CH2608A 2014-05-27 nected to the output gear rim, a between the rear wheel and the of inserting members, two bead insertion of cables of the bicycle, Publication single-part or multipart rear wheel bottom bracket and single-arm nests, and two end caps. The two and are screwed in the cable-in- Number Date shaft on which the driving mecha- suspensions in the bicycle frame bowls each are a circular in struc- serting holes. The bead nests are IN201402608I4 2015-07-10 nism is mounted, and at least one can be implemented together ture and include a pipe-inserting rotatably disposed in the receiv- bearing which supports the rear with the implementation of suit- Assignee/Applicant hole, and a plurality of cable-in- ing cavities and abutted against wheel shaft relative to the bicy- able developments of the chain Neco Technology Indus- serting holes around the pipe-in- the close ends, respectively. The cle frame and which is arranged drive for small running wheels. try Co. Ltd. serting hole. Each of the bowls two end caps are disposed in the between the seat of the rear wheel Six-speed derailleur gears can be further includes a receiving cav- open ends of the receiving cav- and the driving mechanism. The implemented for different running ity in communication with the ities, and capable of rotating by rear wheel shaft is mounted on wheel sizes using two output gear pipe-inserting holes, and the two abutting against the balls of the only one side of the driving mecha- rims and a triple-drive sprocket. bowls are disposed at two ends of bead nests. nism relative to the bicycle frame. the front frame pipe. The inserting

86 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 87 Annexure 3. Cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices... - IPC B62K

Record 22. JOINT OF BICYCLE FRAME AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SAME Record 25. BICYCLE FOLDING STRUCTURE CAPABLE OF EASILY PULLING A BICYCLE IN A Abstract Application FOLDED STATE Provided are: a joint of a bicycle method enables the reinforcement Number Date Abstract Application frame and a method of manufac- part to be disposed in a die used CN201310407669A 2013-09-10 Purpose: A bicycle folding struc- part comprises a rear wheel and Number Date turing the same. The joint com- for molding the main body, so that Publication ture is provided to transport a a rear wheel supporting part. The KR201236009A 2012-04-06 prises a main body and a rein- the reinforcement part is fixedly Number Date folded two-wheel bicycle and to first connection rod is connected Publication forcement part. The main body is arranged on the main body during CN103786822A 2014-05-14 easily transport the bicycle by to the front wheel part. The sec- Number Date made from high molecular mate- or after molding of the main body. obtaining a wide space between a ond connection rod is connected KR1207922B1 2012-12-04 Assignee/Applicant rial with fiber. The reinforcement Therefore, the provided joint of a front wheel and a rear wheel. to the rear wheel part. The first Assignee/Applicant part is a sheet body made from bicycle frame has good rigidness Giant Manufacturing Co. rotary shaft rotates the first con- Ltd., Taiwan, CN AICT continuous fiber reinforcing mate- and strength, has a thin wall, is Constitution: A bicycle folding nection rod from the second con- rial and is fixedly arranged on the light, and meets design needs structure comprises a front wheel nection rod. The second rotary main body. The manufacturing such as quick production. part, a rear wheel part, a first con- shaft rotates the front wheel part nection rod, a second connection from the first connection rod. rod, a first rotary shaft, a second The third rotary shaft rotates the Record 23. BICYCLE FRAME rotary shaft, and a third rotary rear wheel part from the second Abstract Application shaft. The front wheel part com- connection rod. A bicycle frame including a Number Date prises a front wheel. The rear wheel head tube and a bottom bracket US13242619A 2011-09-23 adapted to support a crank set. Publication The frame also includes a tubu- Record 26. SUPPORTIVE MOTION ASSEMBLY FOR BICYCLE DRIVETRAIN | ENSEMBLE DE Number Date MOUVEMENT DE SUPPORT DESTINÉ À UN TRAIN DE TRANSMISSION D’UNE BICYCLETTE lar frame member that is coupled US8720929B2 2014-05-13 to the head tube and that has a Abstract Application Assignee/Applicant concave section disposed on an The present invention provides a essentially of a disc plate, trian- Number Date Specialized Bicycle Com- underside of the frame member supportive motion assembly, for gular brackets pair and compres- WO2016IN50161A 2016-05-27 ponents Inc., Morgan Hill, and spaced from the head tube. bicycle driving system to convert sion springs. Incorporation of said Publication CA, US | D’Aluisio Christo- pher P., Corralitos, CA, US passive reaction force of paddle motion assembly into drive train Number Date action into active linear motion of conventional bicycle signifi- WO2016189554A3 2017-01-05 of bicycle, which comprises cantly reduces the human efforts. Assignee/Applicant Record 24. CHROMIUM- MOLYBDENUM STEEL BICYCLE FRAME Sardar Vallabhai, National Institute of Abstract Application Technology, IN The utility model discloses a chro- copper weld layer. Bluing sinter- Number Date mium-molybdenum steel bicycle ing marks are respectively formed CN201220642388U 2012-11-27 frame which is formed by a head on the parts, close to the copper Publication Record 27. BICYCLE WITH A COMMON PIVOT SHOCK ABSORBER tube, a middle tube, a beam tube, weld layer, of the head tube, the Number Date Abstract Application a rear fork and a bottom bracket middle tube, the beam tube, the CN202944511U 2013-05-22 which are connected with one rear fork and the bottom bracket, A bicycle with a common point member connected pivotally to Number Date Assignee/Applicant another through welding layers, and the copper weld layer is a shock absorber comprises a bicy- the upper linkage device, and a AU2008201974A 2008-05-05 Tianjin Aisaike Bicycle Co. wherein the welding layers are ring of evenly shining copper weld cle frame and a shock absorber. second connecting member con- Publication Ltd., Tianjin, 300457, CN divided into two welding layers, layer formed by manual lapping. The bicycle frame comprises a nected pivotally and coaxially to Number Date namely a bottom welding layer The chromium-molybdenum steel front frame and a rear frame, an the lower linkage device and the AU2008201974B2 2010-10-07 and a surface welding layer, the bicycle frame is novel and good upper linkage device and a lower front frame. Thus, assembling the bottom layer of the welding layer looking, and added value of prod- linkage device connected piv- component and the assembly pro- Assignee/Applicant is an iron weld layer, and the sur- ucts is increased. otally to the front frame and the cess can be simplified. Conveni- Giant Manufacturing Co. Ltd, CN face layer of the welding layer is a rear frame. The shock absorber ence for component assembly and is mounted in the bicycle frame repair has been improved. Manu- and comprises a first connecting facturing costs are reduced.

88 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 89 Annexure 3. Cycles; cycle frames; cycle steering devices... - IPC B62K

Record 28. COLLAPSIBLE BICYCLE Record 30. ANGLE –ADJUSTABLE HANDLES FOR BICYCLE Abstract Application Abstract Application The present invention relates to position of the collapsible bicycle; Number Date The present invention is composed tightening effect generated by Number Date a collapsible bicycle having a and a lower frame bar connected CN200880018092A 2008-08-06 of three major components includ- bolts piercing through and secur- TW2007135315A 2007-09-21 frame that can be folded in the in a jointed fashion on the end of Publication ing a central section and two side ing between the clamping lugs Publication plane thereof, the frame having: the upper frame bar on the front Number Date sections respectively attached to and the convex lugs is used, the Number Date an upper frame bar having an end side of the collapsible bicycle at a CN101808886A 2010-08-18 two corresponding ends of the two side sections and the central TW200914318A 2009-04-01 on the front side of the collapsible third pivot point and on one end central section, wherein the cen- section are fixed together to form Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant bicycle on which a front wheel fork of the saddle bar opposite the end tral section is composed of a plu- an angle-adjustable handle for Jidian Co. Ltd., CN Hsin Lung Accessories Co. is supported for mounting a front for mounting the saddle tube at a rality of blocks to form a pair of bicycle capable of adjusting the wheel; a saddle bar having an fourth pivot point, the first, sec- clamping lugs respectively at the two side section to achieve the end for mounting a saddle tube; ond, third, and fourth pivot points two corresponding ends. The two holding angles that are the most a lever connected in a jointed being disposed relative to each side sections are respectively pro- suitable for both hands of a rider or fashion to an end of the upper other such that the end of the vided with convex lugs that are fit replacing with other side sections. frame bar on the rear side of the saddle bar for mounting the sad- into the clamping lugs. Since the collapsible bicycle at a first pivot dle tube can be pivoted toward point and at the end of the sad- the upper frame bar or away from dle bar for mounting the saddle the upper frame bar in order to tube at a second pivot point, the move the collapsible bicycle from lever being disposed on the front the riding position to the pushing side of the collapsible bicycle rel- position or from the pushing posi- ative to the saddle bar in a riding tion to the riding position.

Record 29. BICYLE CAPABLE OF BEING FIXED HANDLE WHILE TRANSFORMING POSE THEREOF | BICYCLE WHICH PREVENTS THE FLUCTUATION OF STEERING WHEEL IN CONVERSION POSITION INTO RUNNING POSITION Abstract Application Purpose: A bicycle is provided to The steering wheel fixing part Number Date prevent the fluctuation of steering prevents the flow of the steering KR201066551A 2010-07-09 wheel by bending a steering wheel wheel by being combined to out- Publication fixture in a direction of the turning side the turning frame. The steer- Number Date frame which supports a saddle. ing wheel fixing part comprises a KR2012005866A 2012-01-17 clamp, an upper base, a backer Assignee/Applicant : A bicycle comprises base, a connecting member, and Constitution Jeong Jae Guen a mainframe, a handle frame, a a fixed lever. The clamp protects turning frame, and a steering wheel the outer circumference of the and is converted into between a steering wheel. The connecting driving position and a stop posi- member is fixed and coupled in tion. The steering wheel com- the upper base and back base. prises a steering wheel fixing part.

90 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 91 Annexure 4. Brakes specially adapted for bicycles - IPC B62L Record 4. ABS BRAKE APPARATUS FOR A BICYCLE Abstract Application

Record 1. CARBON FIBER BICYCLE CALIPER BRAKE ABS (Antilock Braking System) prior art, the ABS brake appara- Number Date brake apparatus for a bicycle tus has the advantages of sim- CN201020151980U 2010-04-08 Abstract Application belongs to the field of brake appa- ple structure, simplicity and con- Publication A carbon fiber bicycle caliper plate being arranged between the Number Date ratuses for bicycles, and adopts venience in operation and low Number Date brake comprises simple compo- clamp arms. The triangular bar has TW2009133166A 2009-09-30 the technical scheme that a wheel manufacturing cost; as retract- nents of a curved bar and a trian- a first end to which a second lining CN201769977U 2011-03-23 Publication frame and a brake mechanism are able steel balls are connected gular bar made of carbon fiber that shoe is mounted, a second end to Assignee/Applicant Number Date included, wherein axial through through the springs, the brake constitute the carbon fiber bicycle which is a brake cable connector, MA Cheng-peng, Jinan, TW201111225A 2011-04-01 holes are formed on two side block is prevented from exces- caliper brake. The curved bar has and a third end that is pivoted to Shandong, 250200, CN walls of the wheel frame; steel sive brake force, and the anti-lock a positioning portion to which a the curved bar close to a central Assignee/Applicant balls are respectively mounted in function can be truly achieved; first lining shoe is mounted. The position and extends through a Advanced Bikes Com- posite Co. Ltd. the through holes at two ends; the the ABS brake apparatus effec- positioning portion of the curved hole of each clamp arm. A curved diameter of the steel balls is equal tively improves the braking per- bar is provided with a braking sidewall is formed between the to that of the through holes; two formance, improves the driving core wire clamping assembly. The third end and the first end so that steel balls are mutually connected security, greatly reduces the emer- curved bar has a curved surface the sidewall is positioned against through a spring; and a brake gency braking risk of a bicycle, can that forms a through slot form- an inner side of the spring plate. block of the brake mechanism is be mounted without changing the ing two clamp arms with a spring matched with the steel balls of the structure of the whole bicycle, and wheel frame. Compared with the is convenient to mount and adjust. Record 2. BRAKING SYSTEM FOR BICYCLES OR SIMILAR Abstract Application Record 5. BICYCLE OIL PRESSURE BRAKING SPLIT-FLOW DEVICE The invention relates to a brak- the centre of the disc is completely Number Date Abstract Application ing system for bicycles or similar, hollow. According to the inven- WO2017ES70020A 2017-01-13 A bicycle oil pressure braking mode is arranged at the other end Number Date designed to be used on any type tion, the disc is joined to a brake Publication split-flow device comprises a of the valve rod, a flow channel is CN201110360986A 2011-11-15 of bicycle, improving both braking caliper that is screwed to a body Number Date split-flow body and a valve rod, formed in the valve rod along the Publication and the aerodynamic performance designed as an extension of the WO2017134320A1 2017-08-10 wherein a first containing cham- axial direction from the large-di- of the corresponding bicycle, said fork of the bicycle and solidly con- Number Date Assignee/Applicant ber and a second containing ameter section to the small-diam- system comprising a circular body nected to same, said body hous- CN103101598A 2013-05-15 Agirre Garmendia Jon, ES chamber communicated with eter section and used for the fact or disc formed exclusively by the ing therein sufficient cable for the Assignee/Applicant the first containing chamber are that an oil inlet pipeline is con- area of the brake track, such that activation of the braking system. Ashima Co. Ltd., arranged at one end of the split- nected with a braking grab handle Taiwan, CN flow body, two branching connec- in an assembled mode, and a lat- Record 3. BICYCLE DISK BRAKE CALIPER tion holes are formed at the other eral hole penetrating through the Abstract Application end of the split-flow body and small-diameter section is formed used for the fact that an oil out- in the flow channel. According to The present invention provides a brake linings against the brake Number Date let pipeline is connected with an the bicycle oil pressure braking bicycle disk brake caliper gener- disc. When the oil pressure in TW2007143424A 2007-11-16 oil pressure braking device in an split-flow device, space in handle- ally composed of a main body, a the main chamber can not be Publication assembled mode, two split-flow bars is saved so that other bicycle distribution base, and two con- increased, the oil pressure in the Number Date holes respectively communicated accessories can be assembled, nection tubes. When a user grips distribution base can be con- TW200922831A 2009-06-01 with the two branching connec- two braking oil tubes can be out- the brake handle, the oil pressure ducted to another connection Assignee/Applicant tion holes are formed in the first put to a braking mechanism, a created may spread to the distri- tube having an oil pressure lim- Ashima Ltd. containing chamber, a small-di- rider can control motions such bution base via a brake pipe and a iting unit, via a second oil path ameter section arranged in the as reducing the speed or reduc- shunt connector. The oil pressure of the main body to diffuse to an second chamber in a assembled ing the speed until the bicycle then spread to a main chamber additional, secondary chamber. mode is arranged at one end of is stopped of the bicycle by one sequentially through one of the This may drive the piston and the valve rod, a large-diameter hand, and self-falling traffic acci- connection tubes and a first oil the brake lining of the secondary section arranged in the first con- dents due to original hard-brake path of the main body for driving chamber against the brake disc to taining chamber in an assembled conditions are avoided. a piston of the main chamber and achieve the safety of the break.

92 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 93 Annexure 4. Brakes specially adapted for bicycles - IPC B62L

Record 6. IMPROVED BICYCLE BRAKING HANDLE STRUCTURE Record 8. BRAKE FOR BICYCLE Abstract Application Abstract Application The utility model relates to an The adjusting base is provided Number Date Problem to be solved: To obtain wherein this expansively open- Number Date improved bicycle braking han- with a plurality of adjusting CN200720181655U 2007-10-19 good effectiveness of braking ing mechanism has a pipe body JP2009257108A 2009-11-10 dle structure which comprises a gears which are meshed with Publication by optionally adjusting an ini- connecting part connected with Publication handle and an adjusting mecha- the adjusting lug. The improved Number Date tial value of sandwiching force a pipe body, a wire connecting Number Date nism. The handle is provided with bicycle braking handle structure CN201128470Y 2008-10-08 in response to a kind of a wheel part connected with the wire and JP2011102062A 2011-05-26 a first containing slot and a sec- not only has high adjusting effi- and a bicycle, without changing a multi-node link for connecting Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant ond containing slot. The adjust- ciency, but also has the dynamic a clearance between the rim and both connecting parts and the Hongjia Metal Industry Bridgestone Cycle Co. ing mechanism comprises a knob real-time adjusting function, and brake shoes. upper end part of the arm parts Stock Co. Ltd., TW and an adjusting base. The knob the whole structure is arranged and expanding the upper end part is arranged at the first containing inside the handle, thereby keep- Soltion: A caliper type brake proof the arm parts by towing of the slot and provided with an adjusting the consistency of the appear- duces braking force by sandwich- wire, and provides a brake for the ing lug. The adjusting base is ance and avoiding worrying about ing the rim of the wheel from the bicycle for arranging an adjusting arranged in the second containing the problem of deformation or left and right, and has an expand- mechanism for adjusting an angle slot and moves for limiting posi- damage caused by the collision. ing mechanism for pushing the of a connecting body to the wire tion in the second containing slot. brake shoes against the rim by in a state of maintaining a part rocking arm parts so that an between the rim and the brake upper end part mutually expands shoes constant between the arm Record 7. OIL-GUIDING DEVICE FOR OIL PRESSURE BRAKE to open when towing a wire, parts and the multi-node link. Abstract Application The invention relates to an the cover plate is jointed outside Number Date oil-guiding device for an oil pres- the oil storage base and is used for CN201010264147A 2010-08-27 Record 9. BICYCLE BRAKING SYSTEM sure brake, which comprises a sealing the oil chamber. When the Publication Abstract Application brake handle, an oil-guiding piece brake handle is in bias arrange- Number Date The invention concerns a brak- a biasing device arranged to exert Number Date WO2013FR52815A 2013-11-21 and a cover plate, wherein an oil ment relative to a bicycle handle, CN102372063A 2012-03-14 ing system comprising two stir- an immobilising force greater than storage base is arranged on the oil materials in the oil chamber rups each fitted with a sleeve for the force exerted by the spring, Publication Assignee/Applicant brake handle; an oil chamber is are accumulated at one end of the assembly on a cleat, said sleeves and a fixed member, the members Number Date Ashima Co. Ltd., arranged in the oil storage base; oil chamber close to the brake bar being arranged to allow the stir- having, respectively, a finger and Taiwan, CN WO2014091105A1 2014-06-19 an oil-guiding base is arranged under the action of gravity, the rups to move in axial rotation two stops, one stop defining the Assignee/Applicant at the bottom of the oil chamber; oil materials on the end part of along a braking stroke defined spaced-apart position, the other Decathlon, FR an oil inlet and an oil outlet are the oil chamber are absorbed by between a spaced-apart position stop moving the mobile mem- formed on the oil-guiding base; the oil pipe and are output from and a close position, each stir- ber by exerting, on the stirrup, a the oil-guiding piece is combined the oil outlet for braking, and the rup being provided with a biasing force greater than the immobilis- with the oil-guiding base; an oil recycled oil materials are received spring in the spaced-apart posi- ing force, the force of the spring pipe opposite to the oil outlet and by the oil inlet so as to enter into tion, one of the stirrups being pro- equipping the stirrup provided an oil hole opposite to the oil inlet the oil chamber, thereby avoiding vided with an assembly for adjust- with the adjustment assembly are arranged on the oil-guiding causing phenomena of air bubbles ing the braking stroke thereof, being greater than the force of the piece; an end part of the oil pipe and air compression and keeping which comprises a mobile mem- spring equipping the other stirrup. faces to a position of a joint of the normal running of the brake. ber mounted in axial rotation via brake handle and a brake bar; and

94 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 95 Annexure 4. Brakes specially adapted for bicycles - IPC B62L

Record 10. BRAKE REGULATOR FOR HANDLE Record 12. BIKE BRAKE ASSEMBLY WITH LOCKING FUNCTION Abstract Application Abstract Application Disclosed is a handle brake supporting frame via a pin and Number Date The present invention relates to a if a locking key is carried without Number Date adjuster which is applicable interlocked with the hydrau- CN200620122630U 2006-07-19 bicycle brake device with a locking carrying a large and heavy sep- KR2016130110A 2016-10-07 to bicycles and miscellaneous lic control group, the position Publication function. The bicycle brake device arate locking device to conven- Publication oil-pressure brake systems, man- of the hydraulic control group Number Date with a locking function has a sep- iently use the bicycle. An operat- Number Date ual brakes or pedal brakes, and in the supporting frame can be CN2928666Y 2007-08-01 arate locking module to restrict ing distance of the locking module KR1726419B1 2017-04-13 the handle brake adjuster com- controlled via the brace. Further- rotation of a first and a second can be adjusted to stably apply a Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant prises a supporting frame, a more, the adjuster is arranged on rotary link of a bicycle brake while locking function to bicycles hav- Hengtong Machinery Hong Seok Yeong, KR hydraulic control group, a brace the supporting frame and con- operating the brake to simply ing wheel rims of various thick- Share Ltd. Co., Taiwan, CN and an adjuster, a hydraulic nected with the hydraulic control operate the locking module in a nesses. A case cannot be sepa- oil sink and an oil entrance are group, the presetting stroke dis- locking mode to make bicycle rid- rated while a brake-locking mode arranged on the supporting frame, tance between the hydraulic con- ing impossible, to prevent theft is maintained to prevent the brake the hydraulic control group is posi- trol group inside the supporting of the bicycle without a separate device from being removed from a tioned in the inner portion of the frame and the oil entrance can be locking device such as a lock. The bicycle frame to strengthen a theft supporting frame, so as to control adjusted by rotating the adjuster, bicycle can be safely fixed and prevention function. the on-off of the oil entrance, the thereby reaching the aim of adjust- restricted by the locking module vehicle can be braked when the ing the brake sensibility (i.e., the oil entrance is closed, the brace down-pressed stroke length of the is arranged at one end of the brace of the brake handle). Record 13. IMPROVED SYNCHRONOUS BRAKE STRUCTURE OF BICYCLE Abstract Application The utility model relates to an base and the combined part, Number Date Record 11. BRAKE LEVER improved synchronous brake a hollow stroke chamber is CN201420238080U 2014-05-09 Abstract Application structure of a bicycle. The arranged at the end, opposite Publication In the present invention, there is spaced apart from the cable guide; Number Date improved synchronous brake to the connecting base, of the Number Date CZ19981410A 1998-05-06 disclosed a brake lever compris- the braking mechanism further structure of the bicycle comprises positioning sleeve, two through CN203876924U 2014-10-15 ing a base member having a lever comprising a lever arm formed Publication a brake piece, a brake assembly holes are formed from the stroke Assignee/Applicant arm pivotally mounted to the axis with a handle portion and a sup- Number Date and a brake cable, wherein the chamber to the other end of the Xie Guo-cheng, Taiwan, of rotation thereof, the lever arm port portion, the support portion brake assembly is provided with positioning sleeve in a penetrat- CZ293457B6 2004-05-12 CN | Xie Guo-cheng, TW being moveable between a brake mounted for pivotal movement a connecting base, the brake ing mode, the brake cable is pro- Assignee/Applicant disengagement position and a on the base member about the assembly is arranged on the vided with a pulling line, a clamp- Shimano Inc, JP brake engagement position, the pivot axis from a brake disengage- body of the brake piece in coop- ing part is formed at one end of lever arm being provided with ment position to a brake engage- eration with an adjustment piece, the brake cable, a sliding block a adjuster for selecting one of ment position; a first adjusting the connecting base is hollow body is arranged at the other end a plurality of brake disengage- mechanism mounted on the base and is provided with a through of the brake cable and is assem- ment positions, whereby said first member and being spaced apart groove, the brake cable pene- bled in the stroke chamber of the adjuster comprises a cam having from the pivot axis. Both embod- trates through the through groove positioning sleeve in a matched at least three differing cam sur- iments of the brake lever com- to be fixedly installed on a press- mode, two pulling lines extend faces. An actual brake lever for a prise a second adjusting mecha- ing handle part in an embedded from the sliding block body and bicycle is provided with a braking nism arranged inside said support mode, a combined part is formed penetrate out of the through mechanism comprising; a base portion of the lever arm and hav- at the other end of the connecting holes, and thus the improved member, said base member being ing a cable contact point defined base, a positioning sleeve is fix- synchronous brake structure of provided with a cable guide, the thereon, the second adjusting edly embedded through the coop- the bicycle is obtained. base member being further pro- mechanism being configured to eration between the connecting vided with a pivot axis defined at adjust a position of the cable con- a generally fixed position on the tact point relative to the pivot axis base member, the pivot axis being of the lever arm pivotal mounting.

96 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 97 Annexure 4. Brakes specially adapted for bicycles - IPC B62L

Record 14. BRAKE DISK OF BICYCLE Record 17. MECHANICAL OIL PRESSURE DISC BRAKE Abstract Application Abstract Application The utility model discloses a sleeve, the second connection Number Date The invention provides a mechan- the driven structure is arranged Number Date brake disk of a bicycle. The brake portion is located on the outer side CN201420600206U 2014-10-16 ical oil pressure disc brake. The on the second part and in con- CN201310739859A 2013-12-23 disk of the bicycle comprises an of the installation portion and is Publication mechanical oil pressure disc necting driving with a brake cable Publication inner disk body and an outer disk matched with the first connection Number Date brake comprises a first part, a cali- of a bicycle braking handle, and Number Date body arranged on the periphery of portion, the transition area is con- CN204250276U 2015-04-08 per structure, a second part and the second part can be selec- CN103723231A 2014-04-16 the inner disk body. The outer disk nected to the installation portion a driven part, wherein the caliper tively arranged on the first part Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant body and a pair of bicycle brake and the second connection por- structure is arranged on the first or the brake handle, and a user Hongzhan Hardware Wen Yan-hong, Taiwan, CN calipers cooperate to achieve a tion, the first connection portion part, the first part and the sec- can adjust the mounting position Plastic Products (Suzhou) brake function. The outer disk and the second connection por- Co. Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu, ond part are connected with an oil of the second part along with the body comprises a brake portion tion are connected, the upper sur- 215421, CN tube so as to be communicated, type and the purpose of a vehicle. and a first connection portion face of the outer disk body and the located on the inner side of the upper surface of the installation brake portion, the inner disk body portion are located on the same Record 18. BRAKING SYSTEM AND V PRESS FROM BOTH SIDES BRAKE WARE comprises an installation portion, plane, and the lower surface of Abstract Application a second connection portion and the outer disk body and the lower The utility model relates to a V block subassembly is concave is Number Date a transition area, the installation surface of the installation portion press from both sides the brake equipped with a set of tankage, CN201620014164U 2016-01-07 portion is connected to a shaft are located on the same plane. ware, and confession group should assemble the groove and Publication locates a bicycle, and this bicycle can slide with fixing a position and Number Date contains two fork arms and a set locate this connecting portion. CN205440733U 2016-08-10 Record 15. BACK PEDAL BRAKE FOR FRONT WHEEL OR REAR WHEEL OF BICYCLE, HAS BRAKE of wheel set of locating between The utility model discloses other Assignee/Applicant LUG CONNECTED WITH BOWDEN CABLE, WHERE FRONT OR REAR WHEEL IS BRAKED this two fork arm, and this V press provides a braking system, con- Wen Yan-hong, Taiwan, CN WITH BACK PEDALS IN POSITIONS AND BACK PEDALS ARE BACKWARDLY ROTATED from both sides the brake ware tains as above V press from both BY UNLOCKING BRAKE and contains: two brake swing sides the brake ware, other con- Abstract Application arms supply to face this wheel tains a guiding wire assembly, this The brake has a brake lug con- The brake lug is locked into a back Number Date set pivot ground respectively to guiding wire assembly connects nected with a Bowden cable, drawing hook. The brake lug is lat- DE102012001823A 2012-01-31 organize and locate this two fork this two brakes swing arm, this where a front wheel or a rear wheel erally pressed with the Bowden Publication arm, and the swing arm of respec- guiding wire assembly can sup- of a bicycle is braked with back cable on a disk in a resilient man- Number Date tively should braking has con- ply the operation in order to drive pedals in common fixed posi- ner. The disk is attached between DE102012001823A1 2013-08-01 necting portion, two brake block this two brakes swing arm and tions. The back pedals are back- a pedal arm and a bicycle frame subassemblies, the group locates this two brake blocks subassem- Assignee/Applicant wardly rotated during travel of the such that the disk is rotated with this two brakes swing arm respec- bly towards this wheel set swing. bicycle by unlocking the brake. the pedal arm. Frikker Jozsef, tively, and respectively this brake Dietzenbach, DE

Record 19. MECHANISM FOR ADJUSTING A DISTANCE BETWEEN WHEEL RIM AND BRAKE PAD Record 16. ANTI-SKID BRAKE PEDAL Abstract Application Abstract Application A brake mechanism of a bicycle the insert and the main body Number Date The invention relates to an anti- pedal is simple in structure, con- Number Date brake is provided with two brake together; and two brake pads US14264057A 2014-04-29 skid brake pedal which comprises venient to mount and firm, and can CN201310206730A 2013-05-28 arms each including a bifurcated each threadedly secured to the Publication a pedal bottom plate, and is char- be replaced; skidding between a Publication main body having two opposite, insert. A movement of each fas- Number Date acterized in that a pedal face cover sole and the pedal during brake Number Date longitudinal through slot mem- tening member along the through US20140231186A1 2014-08-21 plate is arranged on the pedal bot- can be avoided when the pedal bers, an insert having a longitu- slot members and the through CN103241330A 2013-08-14 Assignee/Applicant tom plate, and a plurality of raised is in use; and the personal safety dinal through slot and disposed slot transversely moves one brake Wu Da Hao, Changhua, TW anti-skid blocks are arranged on of a bicycle driver and a passerby Assignee/Applicant in the main body, and a fasten- pad, thereby adjusting a distance the upper surface of the pedal face can be protected effectively. Wuxi Swift Horse Vehicle ing member driven through the between a wheel rim and one Industry Manufacturing cover plate. The anti-skid brake through slot members and the adjacent brake pad. Co. Ltd.,Wuxi, Jiangsu, through slot to adjustably fasten 214199, CN

98 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 99 Annexure 4. Brakes specially adapted for bicycles - IPC B62L

Record 20. BICYCLE BRAKES HANDLE WITH DECORATIVE COVER Record 22. TRICYCLE HAND BRAKE Abstract Application Abstract Application The utility model discloses a bicy- handle bracket and a fastening Number Date The utility model provides a tricy- connected with brake portion, and Number Date cle brake handle with a decorative ring formed at the lower part of the CN201120519463U 2011-12-13 cle hand brake, its characterized the brake lining of two brake por- CN201520247511U 2015-04-16 cover. At present, an aluminum aluminum brake handle bracket, Publication in that: including pull rod, two a tions sets up relatively. The util- Publication piece is mainly formed by adopt- and is characterized in that the Number Date pivoted floodgate fork and restric- ity model discloses tricycle hand Number Date ing a metal die casting method brake handle bracket is connected CN202379038U 2012-08-15 tion floodgate fork pivoted reset brake has improved original band- CN204527495U 2015-08-05 which has a high requirement with the plastic decorative cover spring relatively, two floodgates type brake structure, makes two Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant on die casting equipment, high through a screw and the plastic fork cross arrangements, every brake blocks clip the wheel both Jiande Wuxing Bicycle Wu Wan-yuan, Weifang, processing energy consumption, decorative cover covers the brake floodgate are stuck the end hinge sides simultaneously through the Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, Shandong, 261000, CN large one-time mold investment, handle bracket. The processing Zhejiang, 311604,CN and have been connect a connect- pulling pull rod and brakes, and and limitation of various factors. and the surface treatment of the ing rod, and the floodgate fork was it is effectual to brake, and the The utility model solves the prob- plastic decorative cover are con- kept away from to two connecting wheel is difficult for out of con- lem that the level of the die cast- venient, the color and the material rods one end hinges with the pull trolly, can satisfy the structure of ing process of the aluminum piece of the plastic decorative cover are rod lower part respectively, said tricycle horizontal pole handle. is generally low in the conven- treated to be in accordance with floodgate fork lower extreme is tional industry, so that the forma- those of a whole bicycle (particu- tion of a product can not be as fine larly a bicycle handle), and the as that of a plastic product. The brake handle bracket is covered Record 23. A BRAKE SAFETY APPARATUS utility model adopts the techni- by the plastic decorative cover, Abstract Application cal scheme that the bicycle brake so as to improve the integrity of a A brake safety apparatus that pre- housing coupled to a piston at a Number Date handle with the decorative cover bicycle head component. vents an over the handlebar acci- distal end of the lumen of hous- TW20154141782A 2015-12-11 comprises an aluminum brake dent caused by applying too much ing. The piston resides within the Publication brake force to the front brake of lumen of the housing. Between Number Date a bicycle is presented. The pres- the piston and the proximal end TW201720704A 2017-06-16 Record 21. NOVEL BIICYCLE BRAKE BLOCK ent invention works by effectively of the housing is a compression Assignee/Applicant Abstract Application extending the length of the brake spring with a desired spring rate XIE WEN-ZHENG | WARD The utility model discloses a novel can be limited in the hollow space Number Date cable connected between the and a preload breakout force. The GREGORY ALAN bicycle brake block and belongs through embedding a C-shaped CN201420412585U 2014-07-24 brake lever and the brake caliper proximal end of the housing is fix- to a brake which moves substan- buckle in the concave annular Publication on the front brake of a bicycle. edly coupled to the front braking tially parallel to an axle through a groove, when braking, the screw Number Date An embodiment of brake release system of a bicycle. brake component. The novel bicy- head part of the screw rod is in CN203996717U 2014-12-10 system comprises a brake cable cle brake block comprises a brake contact with the spring ring and Assignee/Applicant body and a join body and is char- inwardly compresses the spring in XU Jia-hao, Dongying, acterized in that a ladder-shaped the hollow space, the elastic force Record 24. BRAKE WHELL COVER Shandong, 257000, CN hollow space is formed in the join enables the brake body and join Abstract Application body, a spring ring and a screw body to shake slightly, the con- The utility model discloses a brake product rotates downwards, Number Date rod are arranged in the hollow tact surfaces of the brake body wheel cover, including wheel thereby makes the brake block CN201620601098U 2016-06-15 space, the screw head part of the and a wheel rim rack are changed cover main part and brake block, support on the rear wheel of bicy- Publication screw rod is capable of contacting so that the whole brake surface of this wheel cover main part and cle, can realize high -efficient Number Date with the spring ring, and the screw the brake body which is originally brake block all are the arc form, brake, and when loosening when CN205931137U 2017-02-08 body end protrudes out of the join worn into an incline can contact and this brake block is installed no longer ride this product, the Assignee/Applicant body; a concave annular groove is with the wheel rim rack, and the on the interior top surface of automatic upwards elasticity of Zhang Zhi-ping, Gan- formed near the opening end of whole brake device is compressed wheel cover main part. The brake this product resets, and the brake zhou, Jiangxi, CN the hollow space in the join body, by the aid of the external force so block is installed to interior top block leaves the rear wheel, and the spring ring and the screw rod as to brake safely. surface through in the wheel cover light realization is loose stops, main part, during the brake, only and it is very convenient to use. needs pedal this product for this

100 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 101 Annexure 4. Brakes specially adapted for bicycles - IPC B62L

Record 25. TAPE UNIT TOOL IS STOPPED AND OILY DUAL-BRAKE FORMULA TRICYCLE BRAKE Record 27. BICYCLE ENERGY STORAGE BRAKE EQUIPMENT DISC OF STOPPING Abstract Application Abstract Application The invention relates to brake changing part; the big gear wheel Number Date The utility model discloses a tape end between two upper and lower Number Date equipment, in particular to bicy- is arranged on the axle shaft part; CN200910045254A 2009-01-13 unit tool is stopped and oily dual- brake shoes is equipped with the CN201620146516U 2016-02-26 cle brake equipment which can the upside of the big gear wheel Publication brake formula tricycle brake disc machinery tight piece of brake Publication store the energy. The bicycle brake is connected with the gear chang- Number Date of stopping, including skidding lock and the machinery spring of Number Date equipment is designed according ing part and the downside thereof CN101774415A 2010-07-14 dish and two piece upper and stopping of stopping, the other CN205469612U 2016-08-17 to the energy storage principle of a is arranged in the interior of the Assignee/Applicant lower brake shoes, the machin- end is equipped with oil wheel volute spring, can store the kinetic shifting fork; and the gear chang- Assignee/Applicant Xia Yun, Shanghai ery tight piece of brake lock, the cylinder and the oil spring of stop- energy into the elastic potential ing part comprises a pinion wheel, Yan Rong-lu, Chongqing, 200237,CN | XIAO mechanical spring of stopping, ping of stopping. The utility model 400020, CN | DAI Jin-hong energy of the volute spring in the a dryer gear, a gear, a baffle plate Hong-bo oil wheel cylinder and the oil discloses it is as an organic whole braking process and then releases and a wheel axle. The pinion wheel spring of stopping of stopping of to combine two kinds of brake the elastic potential energy when is meshed with the dryer gear stopping, two piece upper and structures of mechanical type and being started. The bicycle brake which is respectively connected lower brake shoes, machinery are the oil formulas of stopping, and equipment comprises an axle with the gear and the baffle plate stopped the tight piece of brake the safety of travelling of the brake shaft part, a gear changing part, and locked by a nut cap; and the lock, machinery and are stopped function of tricycle, guarantee tri- a volute spring mechanism, a big pinion wheel is connected with spring, oil and stop wheel cylinder cycle is realized on safe and relia- gear wheel and a shifting fork, an outside baffle plate by a wheel and oil and stop the spring and all ble ground more. wherein the volute spring mech- axle and locked by the nut cap. locate in the skidding dish, one anism is arranged on the gear

Record 26. REAR WHEEL HANDBRAKE AND FOOTBRAKE DOUBLE-BRAKE BICYCLE Record 28. BICYCLE BRAKE CLIP Abstract Application Abstract Application The invention discloses a rear if the crank has poor position, a Number Date The utility model provides a bicy- provided with a protruded ring, Number Date wheel handbrake and footbrake wrench is pressed to pull a pusher CN200910160756A 2009-07-11 cle brake clip, which is charac- and the protruded ring is inserted CN200820178399U 2008-11-12 double-brake bicycle which can dog so as to enable the roller to Publication terized in that a copper sleeve, into a ring groove on the surface of Publication ensure safety. A hand brake is move to the gap big end of the star Number Date a shaft sleeve, a sleeve cover, one side edge of the shaft sleeve Number Date allocated as usual; a middle shaft wheel, so that getting on-off and CN101700803A 2010-05-05 a spring, an adjusting seat and to form a limiting state, and the CN201338703Y 2009-11-04 between a middle joint and a braking the bicycle can be easily a combination sleeve are com- other side edge of the shaft sleeve Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant crank is provided with an overrun realized; the foot brake is rapid, bined in the axle hole on the bot- is sleeved into the through hole Li You-wei, Xiamen, Zhang Star Industrial Co. clutch; an external star wheel is powerful and convenient, and can tom of a brake body, and then a of the copper sleeve, and then is Fujian 361004, CN Ltd., Zhanghua, Taiwan, TW connected together with a trans- relieve the swink of braking by left bolt and a washer are penetrated slightly exposed from the axle hole mission end; a roller moves to the hands at the conditions of large in the axle hole to be screwed in of the brake body to be firmly com- gap big end of the planetary wheel slopes, long slopes, heavy load- a screw hole on the protruded bined with the washer, therefore, to overrun and forward when a ing, hard braking and cold places; shaft of the frame for position- with the shaft sleeve and the com- pedal is stepped forwards, the double brake can make the brake ing. The sleeve cover, the spring bination sleeve, the sleeve cover, roller moves to the gap small end more effective, and the rear wheel and the adjusting seat are lim- the spring and the adjusting seat to be conjugated when the pedal is handbrake and footbrake dou- ited by the shaft sleeve and the are combined into a whole body, stepped backwards, and the driv- ble-brake bicycle has simple combination sleeve to be a whole thus realizing the rapid and direct ing end of the external star wheel structure, firmness, long service body; the inner wall of the through assembly on the frame. pulls tightly an added back brake life, few parts and easy mount- hole of the combination sleeve is to reduce the speed and brake; ing-dismounting as well as repair.

102 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 103 Annexure 4. Brakes specially adapted for bicycles - IPC B62L

Record 29. BRAKE-SENSING DEVCE FOR BICYCLE Annexure 5. Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles or sledges; Abstract Application powered propulsion of sledges or cycles; transmissions The utility model provides a When the brake actuates, a circuit Number Date brake-sensing device for a bicy- connected with the sensing device CN200920173895U 2009-09-10 specially adapted for such vehicles - IPC B62M cle, which comprises a base unit, is connected or disconnected, Publication a moving unit, a spring, a first and another set of warning lamps Number Date Record 1. DEVICE FOR MEASURING PEDALING FORCE OF BICYCLE buckle unit and a second buckle arranged on the bicycle can gen- CN201494577U 2010-06-02 Abstract Application unit. The moving unit is limited at erate a predetermined lighting Assignee/Applicant : A pedalling force meas- comprises a connecting plate and the base unit site and can conduct effect, so as to improve the travel- Purpose Number Date Fan Yu-xiong, Hsinchu, uring device for a bicycle is pro- a strain gauge. The connecting KR201028755A 2010-03-30 retractile movement. The spring ling safety of the bicycle at night. Taiwan, CN vided to enable a user to accu- plate is located between a pedal can enable the retracted moving During usage, the original bicy- Publication rately and easily recognize the body and a foothold. The strain unit to automatically return to the cle components are not required Number Date motion quantity of the user by gauge is attached on the connect- starting location. The first buckle to be replaced or dismounted, KR2011109153A 2011-10-06 converting force applied to a ing plate. When the connecting unit and the second buckle unit resulting in more usage conveni- pedal into torque and calorie. plate is bent by power, the strain Assignee/Applicant are connected with the outer walls ence. The sensing device can also gauge measures the displacement AICT of the base unit and the moving be equipped with different light : A pedalling force of the connecting plate. unit respectively, and can be buck- control systems, so that the light Constitution measuring device for a bicycle led in different positions of the of the bicycle can be in variety and brake line of a brake respectively. has more choices. Record 2. STEP-IN-SELF-ENCLOSED PEDAL FOR BICYCLE Record 30. BRAKING LINKAGE DEVICE FOR BICYCLE Abstract Application Abstract Application The utility model discloses a sliding chutes, and are riveted Number Date step-in self-enclosed pedal for a with the pedal plate and the CN201420235312U 2014-05-05 The invention relates to a braking front braking handle is pivoted Number Date bicycle, and belongs to a pedal. two elastic sheets. During rid- Publication linkage device for a bicycle, which on the first pivot part of the front CN200910129244A 2009-03-19 The step-in self-enclosed pedal ing of the bicycle, the substrate comprises a front braking sub- braking substrate, the rear brak- Publication Number Date comprises a pedal body and a of the self-enclosed component strate, a rear braking substrate, a ing handle is pivoted on the rear CN203902772U 2014-10-29 Number Date self-enclosed component, and is clamped on the pedal body front braking handle, a rear brak- braking substrate; the linkage Assignee/Applicant CN101837817B 2012-11-14 is characterized in that inserting through the inserting ports, the ing handle and a linkage mecha- mechanism comprises a fixture Li Jin-xin, Dongying, Assignee/Applicant ports for clamping the pedal body rivets move towards a shoe sole nism. The front braking substrate block and a linkage line; the fix- Shandong, 257000, CN Zheng Zong-ming, Tai- are formed downwards in both in the hollow sliding chutes when is fixed at one end of the handles ture block is pivoted on the sec- wan, CN sides of a substrate of the self-en- the pedal plate is pressed down of the bicycle; one end of the front ond pivot part; the fixture block closed component; elastic sheets by a foot, the elastic sheets on braking substrate, which is close can fasten the front braking han- consisting of three-quarter circu- the shoe upper get close to the to grips of the bicycle is provided dle; and the linkage line is con- lar arcs for enclosing a shoe upper middle, and the foot can be fixed with a first pivot part and a sec- nected with the rear braking han- extend obliquely upwards from on the pedal by means of the ond pivot part; the rear braking dle and the fixture block, so that both sides of a pedal plate which self-enclosed component to pre- substrate is fixed at the other end the rear braking handle is linked projects in the middle; arc-shaped vent the foot from sliding later- of the handles of the bicycle; the with the fixture block. hollow sliding chutes are formed ally or falling on the pedal at a in connecting positions between high riding speed or in a specific the integral pedal plate and the environment. The step-in self-en- two elastic sheets respectively; closed pedal is convenient for the upper surface of the substrate better applying force through the is provided with two brackets of foot to increase the riding speed, which the tops are provided with is convenient to install, and is sci- rivets; the rivets pass through the entific in structure.

104 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 105 Annexure 5. Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles... - IPC B62M

Record 3. CRANK FOR BICYCLE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME Record 5. CHAINLESS BICYCLE Abstract Application Abstract Application Disclosed is a method for manu- to each other with the adhesive Number Date The present invention relates to a rotary disk and rotated in a nor- Number Date facturing a crank for a bicycle by expanded in the fabric, and a TW2008144471A 2008-11-18 chainless bicycle, and the chain- mal direction with respect to the WO2016KR3983A 2016-04-18 bonding structural members to crank for a bicycle manufactured Publication less bicycle according to the pres- rotation of the rotary disk; a rotary Publication each other with an adhesive com- by the method. When the crank Number Date ent invention comprises: a rotary shaft connected with the rotary Number Date prising; a step for applying the for a bicycle is manufactured by TWI411554B 2013-10-11 disk having, at the central portion gear at one side, provided with a WO2017179750A1 2017-10-19 adhesive in a line-like or dot-like bonding the structural members thereof, a first through hole to driven gear at the other side, and Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant form in correspondence with an to each other with the adhesive, which a rotating shaft of a pedal rotated by the rotary gear; and Toray Industries | Cho Kwang Hee, KR intervention region of the adhe- the adhesive can be applied eas- is coupled, and a plurality of a driven part which is rotated by Shimano KK sive; a step for disposing a fabric ily at a high accuracy and a good engagement openings provided the rotary shaft, engaged with the in correspondence with the inter- repeatability, variations of appli- outside the first through hole, the driven gear, and rotated in the vention region of the adhesive; a cation condition and amount rotary disk being rotated by an normal direction with respect to step for expanding the adhesive of used adhesive can be sup- external force of a user; a rotary the rotation of the driven gear. applied in a line-like or dot-like pressed, and variation in quality gear engaged with one side of the form in the fabric; and a step for can be suppressed. bonding the structural members Record 6. BICYCLE SPROCKET AND BICYCLE CRANK ASSEMBLY Abstract Application Record 4. BICYCLE CHAIN WHEEL SET A first sprocket is capable of and at least one second tooth hav- Number Date Abstract Application engaging with a chain. The first ing a second maximum axial width. US14053630A 2013-10-15 The utility model relates to a bicy- first chain wheel can be con- Number Date sprocket has a first sprocket main The first maximum axial width Publication cle chain wheel set comprising nected with the short pin corre- CN201220394935U 2012-08-10 body, a plurality of teeth disposed is greater than the second maxi- Number Date a substrate, a plurality of fixed sponding to the each fixed part. Publication along a circumferential direction mum axial width. The first tooth US9701364B2 2017-07-11 parts, a first chain wheel and a The second chain wheel corre- on the radially outer side of the is formed to be capable of engag- Number Date Assignee/Applicant second chain wheel. The sub- sponds to each through hole first sprocket main body, and at ing with an outer link plate of the CN202765219U 2013-03-06 Shimano Inc., Osaka, JP strate is provided with a cylin- and is provided with a plurality least one shifting area. The teeth chain. The second tooth is formed Assignee/Applicant | Shimano Inc., Sakai, der-shaped body, a plurality of of installation holes. By utiliz- include at least one first tooth hav- to be capable of engaging with Taiwan Weizhuan Co. Osaka, JP supporting arms extend out of ing the direction of the long pin ing a first maximum axial width an inner link plate of the chain. Ltd., Taiwan, CN | Taiwan the body periphery surfaces, and of the each fixed part, the sec- Weizhuan Co. Ltd., TW each supporting arm is provided ond surface sequentially passes with a first surface and a second through the installation holes in surface. The first surface and the the second chain wheel and the Record 7. BICYCLE FRONT DERAILLEUR second surface are opposite. At through holes in the support- Abstract Application least one through hole is formed ing arms. Therefore, the second A bicycle front derailleur includes bicycle frame. The linking mem- Number Date in the each supporting arm. Each chain wheel is connected with a fixed member, a movable member extends between the fixed US2007651055A 2007-01-09 fixed part is provided with a major the second surfaces of the sup- ber, a chain guide and a linking member and the movable mem- Publication diameter portion. A long pin and a porting arms. Therefore, accord- member. The fixed member is cou- ber and is configured to move the Number Date short pin respectively stretch out ing to the bicycle chain wheel pled to a bicycle frame. The mov- chain guide in a second direc- US20080167148A1 2008-07-10 of the major diameter portion in set, the number of the fixed parts able member is movably coupled tion relative to the fixed member Assignee/Applicant a protruding mode. The short pin is decreased so that convenience to the fixed member. The chain between at least a first position corresponding to the each fixed of assembling is improved and guide is coupled to the movable and a second position, the first Shimano (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., Singapore, SG part is provided with a plurality of meanwhile intensity of an inte- member and extends in a first and second directions crossing installation holes. Therefore, the gral structure is maintained. direction approximately parallel with an angle there between of with a lengthwise direction of the between 50 and 70 degrees.

106 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 107 Annexure 5. Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles... - IPC B62M

Record 8. GEAR CHANGE OPERATION DEVICE FOR BICYCLE Record 10. DOUBLE-DRIVE PEDAL BICYCLE Abstract Application Abstract Application Problem to be solved: To provide part free to move. The cable engag- Number Date The utility model relates to a dou- are respectively connected with Number Date a gear change operation device ing body is installed on the install- JP2006155531A 2006-06-05 ble-drive pedal bicycle, which is a left directional flywheel and a CN201220062916U 2012-02-25 having an operation member ing part free to move and a gear Publication characterized in that a backrest right directional flywheel on a Publication capable of certainly carrying out change cable is engaged with it. Number Date seat is arranged above a rear middle shaft through a left drive Number Date gear change operation. The position holding mechanism JP2007320510A 2007-12-13 wheel of the bicycle, two ends of a chain and a right drive chain, the CN202439814U 2012-09-19 is supported on the installing front support are respectively and middle shaft is fixedly provided Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant Solution: This gear change oper- part and holds the cable engag- fixedly provided with a left bearing with a large chain disc, and the Shimano Components Nong Wei-ming, Nanning, ation device for the bicycle is fur- ing body at a position in corre- and a right bearing, a left pedal large chain disc is connected with Malaysia SDN BHD Guangxi Zhuang Autono- nished with an installation part 20, a spondence with a plurality of gear and a right pedal are respec- the rear wheel through a drive mous Region, 530409, CN winding-up lever, a releasing lever, change positions in accordance tively and fixedly arranged on the chain. The double-drive pedal a cable engaging body, a position with operation of the winding-up upper ends of a left lever and a bicycle conforms to the physiolog- holding mechanism and non-skid lever and the releasing lever. right lever, the lower ends of the ical curve of a human body, and parts. The installing part is free to The nonskid part is provided of a left lever and the right lever are is suitable for the growth of the install on the bicycle. An operation material different from the opera- respectively connected with the human body, comfortable to sit, member has operation surfaces tion member on the operation sur- left bearing and the right bearing, laborsaving, fast, flexible and safe. and is installed on the installing face of the operation member. the left lever and the right lever

Record 9. BICYCLE INNER TRANSMISSION AND MANUFACTURE METHOD THEREOF Record 11. DOUBLE-FLYWHEEL BICYCLE Abstract Application Abstract Application The invention relates to a bicycle ring; the pawl ring is provided with Number Date The utility model relates to a of a right chain; the left and right Number Date inner transmission and a manu- a pawl milled with clutch teeth; the CN201510403590A 2015-07-12 double-flywheel bicycle. People chains surround the two flywheels CN201220714857U 2012-12-10 facture method thereof. The trans- double gear ring is dynamically Publication do not feel tired when riding the on the two sides of a rear wheel; Publication mission mainly comprises a fixed engaged with the eight gear ring Number Date double-flywheel bicycle. The bicy- the other ends of the two chains Number Date star frame, front star wheels, back for contrarotation gear shift and CN106335595A 2017-01-18 cle comprises wheels, a frame, are connected with the two ends CN203005675U 2013-06-19 star wheels, a sun wheel, a pawl forward rotation transmission; flywheels, chains, a steel wire of the steel wire rope which sur- Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant ring, a shell cylinder, a moving star the double gear ring is sleeved by rope, a pulley, pedals and a shaft, rounds the pulley; and the pulley Li Jian-wei, Shenzhen, Che Jin-sui, Shaoxing, frame, an active cylinder, a double the gear shifting cylinder to form wherein the frame is connected is fixed on the frame. People feel Guangdong, CN Zhejiang, 312000, CN gear ring, an eight-gear ring, and a an integrated part; the eight gear with the shaft; the two ends of the comfortable and do not feel tired gear shifting cylinder. a slow gear, ring is sleeved by the active cyl- shaft are movably connected with only through linear motion when a neutral gear and a fast gear are inder to form an integrated part left and right pedals; the left and riding the double-flywheel bicy- arranged. the front star wheels and then is provided with a com- right pedals are connected with cle, and speed can be improved. and the back star wheels are inte- mon chain wheel; power is trans- one end of a left chain and one end grated wheel shaft members; the ferred from the active cylinder and fixed star frame is a fixed part and the eight gear ring to drive the is also used as a stationary sun double gear ring to the pawl ring Record 12. BICYCLE PEDAL wheel, and there are six front star through the gear shifting cylin- Abstract Application wheels which are engaged with der, and if the gear shifting cylin- Bicycle pedal comprising a pedal pedal axle about a first axis (Al) Number Date three back star wheels inside the der is engaged with the sun wheel axle for connection to a crank of extending substantially parallel to EP2008873964A 2008-12-05 frame; the sun wheel is engaged pawl ring, it is the slow gear; if the a bicycle, a pedal body compris- the pedal axle, and a second axis Publication with the back star wheels and is gear shifting cylinder is engaged ing at least one actuation surface (A2) extending substantially per- Number Date provided with the pawl ring; the with the moving star frame for actuating the pedal, and con- pendicular to the pedal axle and EP2282928B1 2015-04-15 moving star frame is provided with pawl ring, it is the fast gear; non nection means. The connection substantially parallel to the actua- Assignee/Applicant four front star wheels and a pawl engagement is the neutral gear. means connect the pedal body tion surface, and wherein the sec- 3ax B.V., 1489 NC de to the pedal axle, such that the ond axis (A2) is located at a dis- Woude, NL, 101507052 pedal body, while cycling, can tance from, and in use above, the freely rotate with respect to the actuation surface.

108 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 109 Annexure 5. Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles... - IPC B62M

Record 13. BICYCLE PEDAL WITH TRIANGLE SECTION Record 16. LIGHTWEIGHT BICYCLE PEDAL Abstract Application Abstract Application The utility model discloses a bicycle with triangle section has great Number Date The utility model relates to a light- of the pedal body, an outer ring Number Date pedal with a triangle section. The strength, simple structure and CN200920286381U 2009-12-25 weight bicycle pedal, which com- inside wall of the third rotating CN201020176690U 2010-04-06 bicycle pedal is triangle-shaped, novel design; by injecting and Publication prises a pedal mandrel and a assembly is abutted and limited Publication the triangle-shaped pedal is pro- forming with hard plastic, the Number Date pedal body. A first rotating assem- via an outside wall surface of the Number Date vided with an installing hole for bicycle pedal is easy to manufac- CN201678010U 2010-12-22 bly is assembled between the limiting wall of the pedal body, CN201670330U 2010-12-15 installing a bicycle pedal shaft, ture, material saving and good at inner side end of the pedal man- and an inner ring outside wall Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant the installing hole is arranged on energy saving; furthermore, the drel and a shaft hole of the pedal of the third rotating assembly is Foreign Language School Bikeforce International the face opposite to one of the drift bicycle peddle is easy to install, so body, a second rotating assem- abutted and packed via a block of Shanghai Normal Uni- Co. Ltd., CN angles, and the triangle-shaped it is suitable for various bicycles to versity, CN bly and a third rotating assembly nut at the outer side end of the pedal is shaped as an equilat- install and use as well as brings lots which can be used as bearings are pedal mandrel. The outer side end eral triangle. The bicycle pedal of convenience to peoples lives. arranged between the outer side of the shaft hole is not required end of the pedal mandrel and the to be provided with conventional shaft hole of the pedal body, an outer thread and a screwing end Record 14. BICYCLE DRIVING APPARATUS USING A THIGHS inner ring inside wall and an outer cover so that the thickness of Abstract Application ring outside wall of the second the wall of the shaft hole can be The present invention relates to present invention allows a rider to Number Date rotating assembly are respectively reduced, and the two bearings can a bicycle driving apparatus using drive the bicycle using the recip- KR201519329A 2015-02-09 abutted and limited via inside wall increase load bearing strength thighs, comprising: a leg post hav- rocal movement of the push pads Publication surfaces of a limiting wall at the and shorten length of the pedal ing a pair of supporting shafts, and supporting the thighs of the rider Number Date outer side end of the pedal man- mandrel, thereby integrally meet- installed on a post holder; a pair while maintaining a riding posi- KR2016097543A 2016-08-18 drel and a limiting wall inside the ing a lightweight requirement. of push pads coupled to the sup- tion of a conventional bicycle, shaft hole at the outer side end Assignee/Applicant porting shafts to be rotated recip- with effects of improving an exer- Catholic University of rocally by a moving force of the cise result by using muscles which Daegu Industry Aca- thighs of a rider, and provided with were not previously used, and Record 17. HYDRAULIC POWER-ASSISTED BICYCLE demic Cooperation Foun- Abstract Application an attachment portion to fixate relieving pains on a prostate part dation, KR the thighs portion; and a driving during the riding, capable of being A hydraulic power-assisted bicy- so that the hydro cylinder with a Number Date force transferring unit to transfer a applied to improve the structure cle adopts the structure that the return spring mounted therein CN200920168675U 2009-07-28 driving force of the push pads to with a reduced accident probabil- upper end of a rear wheel slant- generates reciprocating move- Publication a wheel driving force. As such, the ity during the riding. ing bracket of a bicycle is inserted ment, to press hydraulic oil in the Number Date into two ears of a bow beam, so as hydraulic transmission device to CN201530458U 2010-07-21 to penetrate through a connecting cause the rotation of the hydrau- Assignee/Applicant Record 15. SIDESLIP BICYCLE FRONT GEAR WARE axis lever, and the upper end of lic transmission device, thereby Bao Cui-lai, CN Abstract Application the slanting bracket can be posi- playing a power-assisted role to The utility model provides a the pivot drives serving spare Number Date tioned in the two ears of the bow the bicycle; and when the road sideslip bicycle front gear ware, rotates, be provided with screw CN201620255940U 2016-03-25 beam and can rotate freely; one is smooth, the piston rod in the include the casing, grab handle, -nut in the pivot, be provided Publication end of a bottom horizontal bracket hydro cylinder generates smaller steel cable, pivot and serving with the lead screw section on Number Date is connected to a hydro cylinder, strokes, so that the hydraulic oil spare, and pass the handlebar the handlebar, in order to realize CN205524794U 2016-08-31 and the other end of the hydro cyl- pressed in the hydraulic trans- pole of derailleur, grab a rigid the derailleur is followed in the inder is connected with the bow mission device is less, and no Assignee/Applicant coupling in on the casing, serving time of handlebar pole axial dis- beam; and a hydraulic transmis- assisted power is generated to Ningbo Qilong Vehicle spare sets up the casing with grab placement, the pivot takes place sion device is mounted on an axle the bicycle; however, the cylin- Industry Co. Ltd., Cixi, between the handle, rope con- to rotate, and then drives serving sleeve on the left side of the rear der bore and the logarithm of the Zhejiang, 315322, CN nection in on the serving spare, spare rotates. Accessible lateral wheel of the bicycle. By adopting hydro cylinder can be changed to its characterized in that: the pivot sliding derailleur changes speed. the structure, when a rider rides obtain hydraulic oil with adequate rotate connect in in the casing, just the bicycle, the generated pres- volume to impulse the hydraulic sure to the bicycle is uncertain, transmission device.

110 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 111 Annexure 5. Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles... - IPC B62M

Record 18. SPEED CHANGING STRUCTURE OF BICYCLE Record 21. BICYCLE WITH FRONT WHEEL AND REAR WHEEL TURNING DIRECTION SYNCHRONOUSLY Abstract Application Abstract Application The utility model discloses a inner periphery of the speed Number Date The utility model relates to a half transmitted to the front bicycle Number Date speed changing structure of a changing disc is connected with CN201320121253U 2013-03-18 lying type two-wheel bicycle. The fork and the rear bicycle fork by CN201320676181U 2013-10-31 bicycle. The speed changing struc- the front gear disc through a chain, Publication bicycle is composed of a bicycle the pull rope, and therefore the Publication ture of the bicycle comprises a and the outer periphery of the Number Date frame, a front bicycle fork, a rear front wheel and the rear wheel Number Date front gear disc which is driven by speed changing disc is connected CN203246560U 2013-10-23 bicycle fork, a handlebar, a pull simultaneously rotate in the CN203544275U 2014-04-16 pedals and an axle which is fixed with the axle through the chain. rope, handles, a seat, a cowl- reverse direction. The foot ped- Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant in a rear wheel and further com- The front gear disc, the speed ing, a cargo tank, a front wheel, a als, the crank, the coaxial speed Li Jia-jun, Taizhou, Zhe- Cheng Da-peng, Suzhou, prises a speed changing disc and changing disc and the axle are rear wheel, foot pedals, a crank, increasing and changing free hub jiang, 201620, CN Anhui, 234000, CN a supporting rod, wherein the con- the same size, a high advancing a coaxial speed increasing and are mounted on the front wheel, necting line between the central speed can be obtained after the changing free hub and the like. and the front wheel is a driving point of the front gear disc and the speed of the bicycle is changed The front bicycle fork, the rear wheel of the bicycle. The cowling, central point of the axle is over- through the speed changing struc- bicycle fork and the handlebar the streamline-shaped cargo box lapped with the supporting rod, ture of the bicycle, and therefore are mounted at the two ends and and a half-lying type riding mode the speed changing disc is fixed speed changing efficiency is effec- the middle of the bicycle frame reduce air resistance and mean- on the supporting rod and in the tively improved. respectively and can rotate on while increase the comfort level center of the supporting rod, the the bicycle frame. The pull rope of riding. Accordingly, the bicycle is used for connecting the bicy- is simple and concise in structure, cle forks and the handlebar, in flexible in direction turning, and Record 19. BICYCLE WITH AUTOMATIC GEAR SHIFTING the direction turning process, most suitable for long riding. Abstract Application the torque of the handlebar is Invention relates to control of passing add-on effort from the Number Date automatic gear shifting of the bike plug of rotating wheel directly RU2006131666A 2006-09-05 Record 22. LEVER-TYPE MANPOWER BICYCLE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM with the help of centrifugal force connected with cable of gear shift. Publication Abstract Application of rotating loads with the following Technical decision is directed on Number Date connection of add-on effort from removal of mutual gage restriction RU2327593C1 2008-06-27 The utility model belongs to forward chain wheel is connected Number Date rotating wheel plug from rare gear of stars and loads, which provides the technical field of manpower with a driving wheel shaft through CN201420516845U 2014-09-10 Assignee/Applicant shifting actuation. Buckle plate of bigger motion of centrifugal loads transportation tools, in particular the chain, the first reversing gear Publication Aleshin Vladislav stars is spaced concerning cen- and greater number of stars in relates to a lever-type manpower is engaged with a second revers- Petrovich Number Date trifugal loads on different wheel buckle plate. bicycle transmission system. ing gear which is installed on a CN204096028U 2015-01-14 plugs. Cable of rare gear shift The lever-type manpower bicycle reversing shaft, a reversing chain Assignee/Applicant control passes through motion- Effect: Simplification of construc- transmission system is provided wheel is installed on the revers- Chen Zhi-fa, Yulin, less axle of plug attachment of tion, widening of possible values of with two levers, wherein each ing shaft, and the reversing chain Shanxi, 718600, CN front wheel and along the bicy- transmission ration in chain gear, lever is provided with a footboard, wheel is connected with the driv- cle frame. At that half coupling, gain in sensitivity to speed changing. the tail end of each lever is respec- ing wheel shaft through the chain. tively provided with a chain, the The lever-type manpower bicycle two chains are connected with transmission system has benefi- Record 20. DRIVE BOOSTER two ends of a traction rope after cial effects that a simple, reliable Abstract Application bypassing a flywheel, the traction and economical structure is used Problem to be solved: To solve end and a crank with a groove Number Date rope bypasses a traction pulley for substituting the function of an the problem wherein a conven- formed in its end are faced to each JP201067331A 2010-03-24 and is tensioned, the flywheel is original speed changing box, so tional bicycle must be constantly other by a series of operations from Publication installed on a flywheel shaft, a for- that the weight of the lever-type pedalled while running, preclud- a rotary shaft to a rotary shaft, the Number Date ward chain wheel, a clutch and a manpower bicycle is reduced, the ing the reduction of the load on rolling shaft is fitted to the groove, JP2011195128A 2011-10-06 first reversing gear are sequentially cost is reduced, and the product is the legs for constantly pedalling. and moved on a side face of the installed on the flywheel shaft, the convenient to popularize. Assignee/Applicant groove in a rolling manner. Thus, Akutsu Nobuyuki Solution: A plate-like bar with a the rolling shaft can be rotated rolling shaft being mounted on its by the temporary lever action.

112 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 113 Annexure 5. Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles... - IPC B62M

Record 23. A VARIABLE LENGTH CRANK-ARM BASED DRIVE SYSTEM Record 25. TRANSMISSION WITH INTERNAL PROTECTIVE SHIELD AND BICYCLE Abstract Application INCORPORATING SAME A slidingly variable length crank movement of the foot of thedriver Number Date Abstract Application arm assembly for particular use in while using, the slidingly variable - 2009-02-13 A transmission includes a ball another among a plurality of Number Date manually driven vehicles includ- length crank assembly is main- Publication spline mechanism having an operating sprockets. The inner US2005236705A 2005-09-27 ing a slidably extendable crank tained in circular path, for exam- Number Date outer member which can rotate member and the outer member Publication arm provision to effect a selec- ple, in case of bicycle the driver’s WO2009101637A3 2010-10-28 integrally with an inner member include guide surfaces through Number Date tive change of length of the pedal foot moves in the same circular by means of balls housed in guide which the outer member is US7503862B2 2009-03-17 Assignee/Applicant arm during its rotary motion and path as in comparable fixed length grooves and which can move in guided to move in the axial direc- Mondal Manoj Kumar, IN Assignee/Applicant in the process adapted such that crank assembly. A simple and the axial direction; and a derailer tion through the balls. The outer Honda Motor Co. Ltd., the torque generated by the ped- cost effective manner of improv- which shifts a chain wrapped member is provided with a dust Tokyo, JP al-crank assembly of the invention ing the torque generated through around a first sprocket moving cover for covering the guide sur- is significantly multiplied to nearly pedal-crank systems which would integrally with the outer member faces, regardless of the axial two times the torque generated favour diverse and efficient appli- from one transmission sprocket to position of the first sprocket. from conventional pedal-crank cation of such pedal-crank sys- system involving arms of fixed tems in variety of mechanically and equal lengths ensuring that driven subjects. Record 26. FORWARD DRIVING FOR BICYCLE Abstract Application Purpose: A forward driving bicy- The frame, having a sleeve, sup- Number Date Record 24. FRONT-WHEEL DRIVING BICYCLE cle is provided to improve speed ports a front wheel, a rear wheel KR2007127337A 2007-12-10 Abstract Application of the bicycler by transferring driv- and a handle. One end of the shaft Publication The utility model relates to a front- and the slide plate fixed and inte- Number Date ing force to a rear wheel through is combined on a sprocket wheel Number Date CN200920096495U 2009-04-24 wheel driving bicycle. The bicycle grated with the bottom of the sad- a chain and to offer excellent delivering torque to the rear wheel. KR2009060504A 2009-06-15 comprises a bicycle frame, a front dle is connected with the bearing Publication exercise effects. The ratchet wheel is protruded Assignee/Applicant branch part, a front shaft and a plate in a sliding manner. The util- Number Date to a saw tooth shape. The foot An Sang Hun hub on the front shaft supported ity model has the beneficial effects CN201432759Y 2010-03-31 Constitution: A forward driving holder is separated from a surface by a rolling bearing, wherein a that the improved saddle can be bicycle includes a frame, a shaft, of a pedal. The torque of the crank Assignee/Applicant driving device with gear transmis- adjusted back and forth in a push- a crankshaft, a stopper, a crank, a is delivered to the crankshaft. Peng Wei-le, Tianjin sion as well as a pedal mechanism pull manner, so that riders at dif- ratchet wheel, and a foot holder. 300401, CN and a saddle connected with the ferent heights can comfortably sit driving device are mounted on on the saddle with the back abut- one side of the hub of the front ting against a saddle back; and a Record 27. PROPULSION APPARATUS FOR HUMAN POWERED VEHICLES AND MACHINES shaft of the front branch part. The rear-wheel driving device is trans- Abstract Application bicycle is characterized in that formed into a front-wheel driving The present invention provides a arrangement of gears and ratchet- Number Date the saddle adopts a back-and- device according to human engi- propulsion apparatus for human ing crank arms which convert the CA2832547A 2013-11-12 forth push-pull saddle structure neering theories, and by use of the powered vehicles and machines. alternating motion into rotational Publication which comprises a stand pipe saddle back, a rider sitting on the The propulsion apparatus is pow- motion and transfers a low torque Number Date assembly structure, a bearing saddle can exert the force through ered by exerting a force (such as and high speed input to the output CA2832547A1 2015-05-12 plate and a slide plate, wherein the movement of the whole body the operator’s weight) onto the axle. The high torque low speed Assignee/Applicant the manger-shaped bearing plate while pedalling, thereby achieving foot pedals in a reciprocating fash- input engages when the output Acevedo Hector H. A., is fixed on the stand pipe assem- more labour-saving riding. ion. It is comprised of two ratchet- axle slows down to a certain speed Calgary, CA bly structure of the bicycle frame, ing arm foot pedals which transfer and the low torque high speed a high torque and low speed input input is engaged until the out- to the output axle; transmission put axle reaches a certain speed elements for shifting the displace- in order to achieve and maintain ment of one arm foot pedal into an overall good average torque an equal and opposite displace- and speed in the output axle. ment of the other one; and an

114 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 115 Annexure 5. Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles... - IPC B62M

Record 28. BICYCLE OPERATING DEVICE Record 30. BICYCLE PEDALLING POWER MECHANISM Abstract Application Abstract Application A bicycle operating device is pro- to a first end position, and moves Number Date A bicycle pedalling power mech- sets, a bicycle pedal rotating shaft Number Date vided with a position maintain- in a second operating direction US13251241A 2011-10-01 anism mainly comprises a swing penetrates the pedalling bearing CN201120125415U 2011-04-26 ing arrangement that selectively from the rest position to a sec- Publication device and a connecting device; and is then fixedly connected to a Publication maintains a movable member in ond end position. The movable Number Date the swing device is provided with crank shaft, the two bearing sets Number Date any one of a plurality of holding member is moved by a different US20130081507A1 2013-04-04 a swing lever and a one-way rotat- are arranged on the connecting CN201999161U 2011-10-05 positions relative to a fixed mem- number of the holding positions ing part, the swing lever is pro- plate in a non-coaxial manner and Assignee/Applicant Assignee/Applicant ber. The moving arrangement in the first moving direction when vided with a plurality of chutes are arranged in the chutes of the Shimano Inc., Osaka, JP | Helun Co. Ltd., Taiwan, CN selectively moves the movable the first operating member moves and a penetrating groove, and the swing lever side by side, and the Fukao Kazutaka, Osaka, member in a first moving direction from the rest position to the first JP | Watarai Etsuyoshi, one-way rotating part is connected connecting plate is positioned in from a current holding position end position as compared to when Osaka, JP | Kosaka with the swing lever and a fluted the penetrating groove. Therefore, to another one of the plurality of the first operating member moves Kentaro, Osaka, JP disc; and the connecting device the feeling of pause and transition holding positions. The first operat- from the rest position to the sec- comprises a connecting plate, a during pedalling can be avoided, ing member moves in a first oper- ond end position. pedalling bearing arranged on the so as to improve the stability. ating direction from a rest position connecting plate and two bearing

Record 29. EXTENSIBLE PEDAL Abstract Application Provided is an extensible pedal pedal and the back pedal, and Number Date which belongs to transportation an extroversive retaining edge is CN201120004265U 2011-01-08 media and mainly solves prob- arranged at an edge of the front Publication lems that the bicycle pedal is pedal. During usage, the length Number Date too short and is easy for users to of the pedal can be adjusted CN201932319U 2011-08-17 slip on rainy days. The extensible according to sizes of user’s feet. Assignee/Applicant pedal comprises a rotating shaft In adjustment, the front pedal and Yuan Bei, Binzhou, and a pedal and is characterized the back pedal can be moved for- Shandong, CN in that the pedal consists of a front ward and backward along the sup- pedal and a back pedal which are porting rod when being pulled by connected together through two hands. The plastic retaining edge parallel supporting rods fixed on at the rim of the front pedal can the rotating shaft; and the sup- play certain anti-skidding effects porting rods are plugged into the on rainy days. corresponding holes of the front

116 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 117 Annexure 6. Bibliographic details of representative Industrial Design Registrations

Design Registration Design Registration Design Registration Design Registration No. Date No. Date No. Date No. Date D0766136 2016-09-13 D0756675 2016-05-24 DM/078325 2012-05-10 D0691926 2013-10-22 Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Specialized Bicycle Tampa Bay Bicycle Frame Bicycle Seat Audi AG Bicycles, wheel rim Soma Gabor Ungar Cycle Components Inc. Recreation LLC. Source Designation Source Designation Source Designation Source Designation Hague CH,EM USID US USID US USID US

Design Registration Design Registration No. Date No. Date DM/079449 2012-09-11 D0725553 2015-03-31 Design Registration Design Registration Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description No. Date No. Date Fleissner & Partner St. Electric Bicycle Frogbikes Ltd. Bicycle Frame D0690239 2013-09-24 D0639081 2011-06-07 Gallen AG Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Source Designation Source Designation Joakim Uimonen Bicycle Frame Steve G. Toll Bicycle Seat Hague CH USID US Source Designation Source Designation USID US USID US

118 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 119 Annexure 6. Bibliographic details of representative Industrial Design Registrations

Design Registration Design Registration Design Registration Design Registration No. Date No. Date No. Date No. Date D0756271 2016-05-17 D0728431 2015-05-05 D0756264 2016-05-17 D0625247 2010-10-12 Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Andrew Lang Product Wall Mount Bicycle Campagnolo S.R.L. Bicycle Pedal Crank Ford Motor Company Folding Bicycle Joseph Flaherty Bicycle Carrier Rack Design Limited Stand Source Designation Source Designation Source Designation Source Designation USID US USID US USID US USID US

Design Registration Design Registration Design Registration Design Registration No. Date No. Date D0738276 2015-09-08 D0615003 2010-05-04 No. Date No. Date D0565384 2008-04-01 D0721619 2015-01-27 Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Bewegen Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Bicycle Handlebar Christopher Canfield Bicycle Pedal Bicycle Handlebar Walter Douglas Technologies Inc. Ming Chang Chen Pedal Cover Grip Armstrong Source Designation Source Designation USID US USID US Source Designation Source Designation USID US USID US

120 | Patent Analysis Patent Analysis | 121 Annexure 6. Bibliographic details of representative Industrial Design Registrations

Design Registration Design Registration No. Date No. Date D0632636 2011-02-15 D0619050 2010-07-06 Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Hitch Mount Bicycle Robert Farber John Irven Tolhurst Recumbent Bicycle Carrier Source Designation Source Designation USID US USID US

Design Registration Design Registration No. Date No. Date D0719491 2014-12-16 D0728432 2015-05-05 Design Holder Product Description Design Holder Product Description Northwest Sprocket Wheel for Bicycle Rack Chang Hui Lin Sportworks Inc. Bicycle Source Designation Source Designation USID US USID US

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