ED 071 800* SE 61S S27 T7.TLE Project Physics Text 2, Motion in the Heavens
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DOMEIER? IUD:IONE ED 071 800* SE 61S S27 T7.TLE Project Physics Text 2, Motion in the Heavens. INSTITUTION Harvard Univ., Cambridge, Mass. Harvard Project Physics. SPONS AGENCY Office of Education (DREW), Washingban, D.C.Bureau of Research. BUREAU NO BR-5-1038 PUB DATE 68 CONTRACT OEC-5-10-058 J410TE 146p.; Authorized Interim Version EDRS PRICE MF-S0.65 HC -$6.58 .DESCRIPTORS _ *Astronomy;, Instructional Materials; Physical Sciences; *Physics; Science ActivitieS;.*Scientific Concepts; Secondary Grades; Secondary School Science; *Textbooks . .IDENTIFIERS _Harvard Project Physics ABSTRACT Astronomical fundamentals are presented in this unit .oi the ProjectPhysics.text.for.use.by.senior high.students. The .geocentric_system.of Ptolemy is discussed in connection with Greek . concepts_ including Aristarchuse heliocentric hypothesis..Analyses are. made of Copernicus! _reexamination, leading, to Tycho'sobservations.. .and compromise system..A.new universe is. introduced.by,usingKepler!s. laws work..Terrestrial and celestial dynamics are synthesized by reviewing Newton's concepts about motions under . central forces, inverse-square.law, and earthly motions; and application of Newton's theories to heavenly eventsare discussed. .. The text. unit is, cOncluded.by an explanation. of the ,makingof, theories...Historical developments are stressed to help students understand the way in which science influences man's activities.Also _included in the unit are a chart of.renowned people's lifespans in the. emerging Renaissance culture, and tables of planets and their. ..satellites.:Problems with their_answers_are provided. in_ two_ .categories:.study guide and.end of section_guestions..Besides illustrations for explanation purposes, a. glossary of, general terms is given_ in theappendix..The work of.. Harvard Project Physics has been financially supported by: the Carnegie Corporation of New York,. .the Ford Foundation,. the.National Science Foundation, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation,. the United,ftates Office.of Education,. and Harvard" University. (CC).. _ Project Physics Text U S OEpARiMENT OF HEALTH EOUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION This 00CumENT HASBELN REPRO RECEIVED FROM DUCE() Ex ACTLY AS ORGANIZATION OM THE PERSON OR INATING IT POINTS OfVIEW OR OPIN IONS STATED 00NOT NECESSARILY OFFICE OF EOU REPRESENT OffICIA'. CATION POSITION ORPOLICY An Introduction to Physics Motion in the Heavens . 4 1k 4.4 * 1 Project Physics Text An Introduction to Physics2Motion in the Heavens Authorized Interim Version 1968-69 Distributed by Holt, Rinehart and Winston Inc. New York Toronto x 4. The Project Physics course has been developed through Directors of Harvard Project Physics the creative assistance of many colleagues. The following Gerald Holton, Dept. of Physics, Harvard University is a partial list of those contributors (the affiliations F. James Rutherford, Capuchino High School, San Bruno, Calif. indicated are those just prior to or during their association Fletcher G. Watson, Harvard Graduate School of Education with the Project). Advisory Committee E. G. Begle, Stanford University, Calif. Pail F. Brandy ein, Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., San Francisco, Calif. Robert Brode, University of California, Berkeley Erwin Hiebert, University of Wisconsin, Madison Harry Kelly, North Carolina State College, Raleigh William C. Kelly, National Research Council, Washington, D. C. Philippe LeCorbeiller, New School for Social Research, New York, N.Y. Thomas Miner, Garden City High School, New York, N.Y. Philip Morrison, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge Ernest Nagel, Columbia University, New York, N.Y. Leonard K. Nash, Harvard University I. I. Rabi, Columbia University, New York, N.Y. Staff and Consultants Andrew Ahlgren, Maine Township High School, Park Ridge, Ill. L. K. Akers, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Tenn. Roger A. Albrecht, Osage Community Schools, Iowa 90123 69 9876543 David Anderson, Oberlin College, Ohio Gary Anderson, Harvard University Donald Armstrong, American Science Film Association, Washington, D.C. 03-073440-1 Sam Ascher, Henry Ford High School, Detroit, Mich. Ralph Atherton, Talawanda High School, Oxford, Ohio Albert V. Baez, UNESCO, Paris William G. Be:lick, Fulton High School, Atlanta, Ga. Arthur Bardige, Nova High School, Fort Lauderdale, Fla. Copyright ©1968, Project Physics Incorporated. Rolland B. Bartholomew, Henry M. Gunn High School, Palo Alto, Calif. 0. Theodor Ben fey, Earlham College, Richmond, Ind. Copyright is claimed until September 1, 1968. After Sep- Richard Berendzen, Harvard College Observatory tember 1, 1968 all portions of this work not identified herein Alfred M. Bork, Reed College, Portland, Ore. as the subject of previous copyright shall be in the public Alfred Brenner, Harvard University domain. The authorized interim version of the Harvard Robert Bridgham, Harvard University Project Physics course is being distributed at cost by Holt, Richard Brinckerhoff, Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, N.H. Rinehart and Winston, Inc. by arrangement with Project Donald Brittain. National Film Board of Canada, Montreal Physics Incorporated, a non-profit educational organization. Joan Bron!,erg, Harvard University Vinson Bronson, Newton South High School, Newton Centre, Mass. All riersons making use of any part of these materials are Stephen G. Brush, Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, University of requsted to acknowledge the source and the financial sup- California, Livermore port !given to Project Physics by the agencies named below, Michael Butler,IASA Films Mundiales, S.A., Mexico and to include a statement that the publication of such mate- Leon Callihan, St. Mark's School of Texas, Dallas rial is not necessarily endorsed by Harvard Project Physics Douglas Campbell, Harvard University or any of the authors of this work. Dean R. Casperson, Harvard University The work of Harvard Project Physics has been financially Bobby Chambers, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Tenn. Robert Chesley, Thacher School, Ojai, Calif. supported by the Carnegie Corporation of New York, the John Christensen, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Tenn. Ford Foundation, the National Science Foundation, the Al- Dora Clark, W. G. Enloe High School, Raleigh, N.C. fred P. Sloan Foundation, the United States Office of Edu- David Clarke, Browne and Nichols School, Cambridge, Mass. cation, and Harvard University. Robert S. Cohen, Boston University, Mass. Brother Columban Francis, F.S.C., Mater Christi Diocesan High Glen Mervyn, West Vancouver Secondary School, B.C., School, Long Island City, N.Y. Canada Franklin Miller, Jr., Kenyon College, Gambier, Ohio Anhui Compton, Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, N.H. Jack C. Miller, Pomona College, Claremont, Calif. David L. Cone, Los Altos High School, Calif. Kent D. Miller, Claremont High School, Calif. William Cooley, University of Pittsburgh, Pa. James A. Minstrel!, Mercer Island High School, Ann Couch, Harvard University Washington James F. Moore, Canton High School, Mass. Paul Cowan, Hardin-Simmons University, Abilene, Tex. Robert H. Mosteller, Princeton High School,Cincinnati, Ohio Charles Davis, Fairfax County School Board, Fairfax, Va. William Naison, Jamaica High School, N.Y. Michael Den tamaro, Senn High School, Chicago, M. Henry Nelson, Berkeley High School, Calif. Raymond Dittman, Newton High School, Mass. Joseph D. Novak, Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind. Elsa Dorfman, Educational Services Inc., Watertown, Mass. Thorir Olafsson, Menntaskolinn Ad, Laugarvatni, Iceland Vadim Drozin, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa. Jay Orear, Cornell Universilty, Ithaca, N.Y. Neil F. Dunn, Burlington High School, Mass. Paul O'Toole, Dorchester High School, Mass. R. T. Ellickson, University of Oregon, Eugene Costas Papaliolios, Harvard University Thomas Embry, Nova High School, Fort Lauderdale, Fla. Jaques Parent, National Film Board of Canada,Montreal Walter Eppenstein, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y. Eugene A. Platten, San Diego High School, Calif. Herman Epstein, Brandeis University, Waltham, Mass. L. Eugene Poorman, University High School,Bloomington, Ind. Thomas F. B. Ferguson, National Film Board of Canada, Montreal Gloria Poulos, Harvard University Thomas von Foerster, Harvard University Herbert Priestley, Knox College, Galesburg, Ill. Kenneth Ford, University of California, Irvine Edward M. Purcell, Harvard University Robert Gardner, Harvard University Gerald M. Rees, Ann Arbor High School,Mich. Fred Geis, Jr., Harvard University James M. Reid, J. W. Sexton High School, Lansing, Nicholas J. Georgis, Star ;es High School, Westport, Conn. Mich. Robert Resnick, Rensselaer PolytechnicInstitute, Troy, N.Y. H. Richard Gerfin, Simon's Rock, Great Barrington, Mass. Paul I. Richards, Technical Operations,Inc., Burlington, Mass. Owen Gingerich, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, John Rigden, Eastern Nazarene College,Quincy, Mass. Cambridge, Mass. Thomas J. Ritzinger, Rice Lake High School,Wisc. Stanley Goldberg, Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio Nickerson Rogers, The Loomis School,Windsor, Conn. Leon Goutevenier, Paul. Schreiber High School, Sidney Rosen, University of Illinois, Urbana Port Washington, N.Y. John J. Rosenbaum, Livermore HighSchool, Calif. Albert Gregory, Harvard University William Rosenfeld, Smith College, Northampton,Mass. Julie A. Goetze, Weeks Jr. High School, Newton, Mass. Arthur Rothman, State University ofNew York, Buffalo Robert D. Haas, Clairemont High School, San Diego, Calif. Daniel Rufolo, Clairemont High School,San Diego, Calif. Walter G. Hagenbuch,