Blue Book 2018 EU- Climate Change Development Cooperation Putting Paris in Practice Blue Book 2018 EU-Indonesia Development Cooperation Contents

Foreword 2 The EU Worldwide 3 The EU Timeline 4 The EU and Indonesia 5 EU-Indonesia Development Cooperation 6 Climate Change and Environment 8 Economic Cooperation 19 Education 25 Good Governance, Human Rights, and Gender Equality 30 Health 38 Contacts – EU Delegation & EU Member States 42 2 Blue Book 2018 3

Foreword The EU Worldwide Vincent Guérend European Union Ambassador to Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam The European Union is a unique economic and To speak with one voice in international affairs, political community of 28 European Member the EU has developed a Common Foreign States that work together to improve the lives of and Security Policy and has established the their citizens. For more than sixty years the EU European External Action Service (EEAS) as its has delivered peace, stability, and prosperity official diplomatic corps. The EEAS supports the It is with great pleasure that I present the 2018 sustainable management of Indonesian forests through its commitment to democratic EU’s foreign affairs chief by carrying out the EU’s Blue Book, the European Union’s annual report and peatlands – both key areas in the fight processes and the establishment of a single political, diplomatic, and policy agenda around on development cooperation with Indonesia. against climate change. market in which people, goods, services, and the globe. In addition, some 140 EU Delegations The EU and Indonesia closely cooperate on a capital can move freely. throughout the world cooperate closely with EU variety of development issues ranging from It is for this reason that the theme of this year’s Member States and third countries to promote environmental protection and climate change Blue Book is climate change, reflecting our Today, the EU represents more than 500 million the values and interests of the EU, which go hand over trade related assistance, to human rights commitment to supporting the fight against inhabitants and approximately one quarter of in hand. and good governance. Cooperation between the negative impacts of climate change, as well the world’s gross domestic product. Accounting The EU aims to ensure that people from all the EU and Indonesia has generated numerous as overall environmentally friendly reforms. The for one fifth of global trade, it is also the world’s social and economic backgrounds enjoy equal social, environmental and economic outcomes, motto ‘Putting Paris in Practice’ reflects the largest importer and exporter of goods and rights and opportunities. Priority is given to which we are pleased to share with you in this commitments both the EU and Indonesia have services. As a global actor, the EU is willing to developing countries that are in serious need annual report. made previously. The EU is in particular working lead by example on addressing challenges of of support. The EU will continue these efforts with Indonesia in the areas of biodiversity this century, such as the fight against climate and work together with its partners towards a As stated by the European Commissioner for conservation, the sustainable management change or global peace and security. peaceful, prosperous and sustainable future. International Cooperation and Development, of peatlands and combating transboundary Neven Mimica: “As the world’s biggest donor haze, on FLEGT licensing for Indonesian timber of development assistance, we’re also striving exports to the EU, as well as engaging on to be the best by bringing real change into sustainable palm oil. people’s lives.” This, I believe, summarises what the EU aims to achieve in Indonesia. We In 2018, the EU and Indonesia will continue to Current EU Leadership Team are confident that we are firmly on this path deepen their political partnership and cooperate and would like to share success stories of our on both national and global challenges. This year, cooperation efforts. the EU aims to further enhance its relationship with Indonesia, going beyond trade and Our development programmes will continue investment and strengthening cooperation in to address key areas such as climate change, the areas of environment, education, science and economic cooperation, education, good technology, immigration and counter terrorism. governance, human rights and strengthening This, we believe, will help further align our shared civil society in the pursuit of our shared mission values and bring our partnership to the next level. to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals Antonio Tajani Donald Tusk Jean-Claude Juncker Federica Mogherini (SDGs). Over the last months, what has become I hope you find this publication informative and, The President of The President of The President of High Representative of the European Parliament the European Council the European Commission the Union for Foreign Affairs and more apparent is the need to safeguard the above all, inspiring. Security Policy / Vice-President of the European Commission 4 Blue Book 2018 5 The EU Timeline The EU and Indonesia

Indonesia is a key partner for the EU, with a The EU and Indonesia have moved away from deep and broad relationship based on a set of traditional bilateral aid, towards a mutual shared values, including democracy, pluralism, partnership based on common interests. As human rights, and environmental protection. a member of the G20, Indonesia no longer Indonesia, as the host of the ASEAN Secretariat, receives EU development assistance in the serves as a hub to the region’s emerging current programming period 2014-2020. political, security, and economic architecture, However, programmes under the 2007–2013 supporting regional integration as well as financial framework will continue until 2019 and EU promoting region-to-region relations. further funding is made available for thematic and regional programmes. Since the EU-Indonesia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement entered into The pursuit of the Sustainable Development 1950 1951 1957 1973 1981 1986 1993 force in May 2014, we have continuously Goals and actions to mitigate climate change On 9 May, French Foreign Belgium, France, Signing of the Treaty Denmark, Greece Spain and Name changed to strengthened and expanded our are important objectives of the EU’s relationship Minister Robert Schuman Germany, Italy, of Rome Ireland and joins Portugal join European Union relationship. This is best illustrated by the with Indonesia. Together, the EU and Indonesia proposes to pool coal and Luxembourg, the UK join The establishment of Common Foreign negotiation of a Comprehensive Economic are exploring concrete cooperation on the steel production as “first Netherlands, called the European Economic and Security Policy concrete foundation of a “the Six”, form the Community (EEC) and becomes one of three Partnership Agreement (CEPA) that kicked implementation of National Determined European federation” European Coal and the European Atomic pillars constituting the off in 2016. Once concluded, the CEPA will Contributions under the Paris Agreement, Steel Community Energy Community European Union enable more trade in goods and services forestry, and environment, including sustainable (Euratom) and increased investments to the mutual palm oil and social forestry. benefits of both sides. The EU-Indonesia partnership encompasses a wide range of The success of this bilateral partnership rests policy dialogues on topics such as human on a joint commitment to the preservation rights, security or climate change. A Joint of democratic values and international Cooperation Committee meets on an annual cooperation. Through their collective efforts basis to review existing cooperation and and by empowering local communities, the EU explore future initiatives across political, and Indonesia aim at a socially inclusive and economic, social and cultural sectors. environmentally sustainable economy for all.

1995 2002 2004 2007 2009 2012 2013 2017 Austria, Finland, Euro Cyprus, Czech Republic, Bulgaria. Treaty of Lisbon The EU receives a Croatia 60th Sweden join banknotes Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Romania join introduces a High Nobel Peace Prize joins anniversary Schengen and coins Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Representative for of the Treaty Agreement come into Slovakia and Slovenia join Foreign Affairs and of Rome takes effect circulation Security Policy and a European External Action Service to streamline external action 6 Blue Book 2018 7

These are only a few examples of how plans. Moving forward, the EU and the EU has aligned its cooperation Indonesia will continue their joint efforts to EU-Indonesia Development commitments, based on the European further the development agenda and work Consensus on Development, with the towards the achievement of the Sustainable Cooperation Indonesian Government’s development Development Goals.

‘’Development aid is a word of the past. It is about partnership, not aid, and it is time we invested more in that partnership.” - Jean-Claude Juncker, President of the European Commission

EU-Indonesia development cooperation has change through preventative measures is fully evolved from a donor-recipient relationship supported by the EU and its Member States. to an equal partnership. Over the years, the EU and Indonesia have successfully 2017 was also a successful year for many other worked together to foster inclusive economic EU development programmes in Indonesia. development, support civil society, promote EU budget support to the education sector good governance, protect the environment, and two large capacity building programmes counter the effects of climate change, promote came to an end, having provided substantial basic education, and prevent diseases. In 2017, results on improved availability and quality more than €20 million were committed for of basic education. By ensuring that all ten new projects, including the new Indonesia young Indonesians are financially supported Trade Support Facility (ARISE Plus Indonesia). for the first nine years of their schooling, the This programme will support the negotiations Indonesian Government has successfully of the EU-Indonesia Comprehensive Economic reduced both primary and secondary school Partnership Agreement (CEPA) and build the drop-out rates. Furthermore, the EU continued capacity of Indonesian Ministries and SMEs to to support reform in the justice sector, as well maximise the benefits for Indonesia. as public finance management, with an overall goal to promote good governance. The EU To ensure the protection of the environment, and Indonesia also share the belief that the the EU is one of the main development eradication of poverty can only be achieved partners working on sustainable management with high standards of public health and, to of peatlands, promoting sustainable fisheries, this end, work together towards eradicating sustainable forestry, and countering prevalent diseases. climate change. In 2017, Indonesia and the EU celebrated one year of the Forest Law The EU also continues to work in close Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) cooperation with civil society for promoting licensing, which prevents illegal logging, human rights, democracy, gender equality, thereby protecting valuable ecosystems. economic development and other issues. Indonesia’s own commitment to fight climate

Photo Credit: Lauren Kana Chan 8 Blue Book 2018 9

Climate Change and Environment

“2018 is a crucial year for accelerating our work to turn the Paris The EU Action Plan for Circular Economy Agreement into action and the EU is stepping up its efforts to Circular economy significantly contributes to climate change mitigation efforts and incorporates the whole reach out to countries and stakeholders all around the world. life-cycle of a product from product design and production, over consumption, to waste management and the market for secondary raw materials and water re-use. Identified actions thus aim to close the loop of We are determined to continue playing a leading role in product life-cycles through greater recycling and re-use, and bring benefits to both the environment and delivering on the promises of the Paris Agreement – and we the economy. One of the first priority areas in the EU Action Plan is plastics.

want everybody on board.” Mayors and Sustainable and Innovative Cities On the regional level, the EU has launched two and Regions. Furthermore, the EU is acutely initiatives through its cooperation with ASEAN - Miguel Arias Cañete, aware of the difficult balancing act needed that directly benefit Indonesia. These initiatives Commissioner for Climate Action and Energy from Indonesia to boost energy efficiency and focus on the sustainable management of renewable energy sourcing, while completing peatlands and combating transboundary haze the electrification of the country. pollution (SUPA), as well as the conservation of After the successful Paris Climate Summit in Against the background of the Sustainable The EU and Indonesia enjoy close technical biodiversity (BCAMP). 2015 and its rapid entry into force in 2016, the Development Goals and the 2030 Agenda, the cooperation and policy dialogue on three of the EU and Indonesia continued building on this EU seeks to balance efforts on mitigation and main drivers of greenhouse gas emissions from In addition, the EU and Indonesia have, together momentum in their partnership on climate and adaptation, and to reach a balance between deforestation and land degradation, namely: with other G20 countries, put in place a strategic environment issues in 2017. The EU is committed greenhouse gas emissions and removals across forestry, palm oil production, and the draining partnership for the implementation of the Paris to keeping the world firmly on the path for economic sectors that are consistent with of peatlands, which increases fire risks. In these Agreement, in order to facilitate the exchange of achieving the goals agreed in Paris. It, therefore, climate-resilient development. For instance, one areas, the EU supports actions such as good practices and advance bilateral cooperation strives to enhance climate action on the ground of the EU’s priorities is to support the transition and NDC-friendly investments. This partnership while completing the Paris Agreement Work towards a more circular economy. • the initiative on Forest Law Enforcement, aims to contribute to improved public awareness Programme by the next UN climate conference Governance and Trade (FLEGT) of challenges and opportunities associated with (COP24) in December 2018 in Katowice, Poland. Indonesia, in its Nationally Determined the implementation of the Paris Agreement. Contribution (NDC), identifies land use and • the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) In line with the EU’s Global Strategy, the EU has energy as important areas for action among Bilateral and multilateral cooperation between confirmed its commitment to double efforts to others. The EU and its Member States are • the Facility on reducing emissions from the EU and Indonesia remains crucial to achieve monitor and act upon climate-related root working together with Indonesia to achieve deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) the goals set out in the Paris Agreement, to causes of conflict, such as contributing to loss of shared climate goals, in particular focusing on enhance Indonesia’s resilience to the impact of livelihoods, increased pressure on environment sustainable, low-emission land use, energy, • studies on strengthening the Indonesian climate change, and preserve its extraordinary and natural resources, forced displacement and and adaptation. Rapid urbanisation is bringing certification for sustainable palm oil (ISPO) biodiversity. heightened social and political unrest, as well issues of sustainable urban management to as to strengthen climate risk assessment and the forefront. In this area, the EU is focusing • exploring the use of Copernicus Remote management at all geographical scales, including on identifying and spreading good practices Sensing for peatlands within the UN system. such as through the Regional Covenant of 10 Blue Book 2018 11

Protecting ’s forests Enabling a green economy Keeping our oceans clean Informing the grid

Support to Indonesia’s Climate Change Response – Development of 2050 Scenario Analysis on Energy and Safeguarding Indonesia’s Oceans Developing a Technology Catalogue for Indonesia’s Technical Assistance Component (SICCR – TAC) Consolidation of the Balmorel Power Sector Energy Sector The efforts of the EU and the Government of Aceh Increasing the amount of electricity generated Indonesia is the world’s second largest emitter Providing reliable and affordable energy services to protect its forests are now paying off. Data in Indonesia requires a large amount of capital of plastic waste to the ocean. To address the for the growing population of Indonesia is high from HAkA, an environmental NGO that monitors investment, but balancing such ambitious goals problem, a Multi-Donor Trust Fund ($5million on the government’s policy agenda. The objective deforestation in Aceh, reported that the rate of with renewable energy targets is a challenge over five years), will support the Government of of the Technology Catalogue is to establish a deforestation in Aceh decreased in 2017. The NGO in itself for policy makers. The 2050 Scenario Indonesia to develop and implement its National common platform for the exchange of price and found that the rate of deforestation dropped Analysis challenged existing policy targets Ocean’s Agenda. 80% of all the plastic in the ocean performance data on energy production and from 21,000 hectares to 17,333 hectares over and showed various ways in which renewable is caused by leakages in land-based systems. information on distribution technologies. This the course of one year. One of the contributing energy systems can increase their share of the Supported by the World Bank Group, efforts will, as a result, provide an accurate and reliable factors to this decrease is the presence of national energy grid. The consumer side of the are made to improve solid waste management information foundation from which policy makers twenty-nine Civil Servant Investigator Officials equation indicated that consumer demand in coastal cities and waterways through better can conduct long-term energy planning. The (PPNS) within the Forestry Management Unit is a means of driving the transition toward communication, disposal of recycling and solid catalogue contains cost and performance data for (FMU), strengthening the Aceh Environment and renewable energy. The modelling is now used waste, as well as awareness campaigns. The work thirteen different technologies including renewable Forestry Service. Each forestry ranger undergoes by the Indonesian Government to support four of the trust fund will improve the evidence-base energy, fossil-fuels and storage technologies. The a rigorous selection process and completes an 2050 energy scenarios, to be reviewed and for decision-making, increasing the capacity for catalogue will support long-term energy planning intensive two-month training course based on a adopted by Indonesia’s energy sector, which will marine debris management, fisheries and coastal with the aim of increasing the electrification rate curriculum co-facilitated by an EU funded project. ultimately advance the government’s sustainable resources management and governance. It will of Indonesia. With the licenses that were issued in August 2017, development goals. also strengthen coordination across sectors on 30 PPNS are now authorised to conduct criminal issues associated with marine debris and coastal investigations to protect the environment and resources, support resource mobilisation, and eradicate illegal deforestation in Aceh. leverage sustainable streams of finance.

“Attaining sustainable growth in our ocean “The Technology Catalogue will assist long- “We now have the authority to follow up on “The 2050 electricity supply scenarios for economy and tackling issues related to oceans and term energy modelling in Indonesia and support criminal cases that have a direct impact on the Indonesia provides a thorough analysis of cost- marine debris is high on our agenda. Therefore, we government institutions, private energy companies, environment, make necessary arrests, sentence effective solutions for investment and dispatch greatly appreciate the support of the international think tanks and other stakeholders to develop serious offenders to detention, and seize evidence and calculate the socio-economic cost of including community as clearly demonstrated by Denmark effective policies and business strategies which can which can be used during a criminal prosecution. environmental benefits. It is a solid framework as it will further our National Oceans Agenda and support the government’s long-term renewable We hope that this will deter crime and improve the for the promotion of competitive and clean programme outcomes.” energy and energy efficiency targets while quality of our forests.” technologies in Indonesia.” increasing electrification rates in Indonesia.” – Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan, Coordinating Minister – Muttaqin - Civil Servant Investigator Official, Aceh – Søren Mensal Kristensen, Head of Energy for Maritime Affairs at the signing of the Danish – Saleh Abdurrahman, Secretary General, Environment and Forestry Office Cooperation, Danish Embassy. Contribution National Energy Council 12 Blue Book 2018 13

Managing our waste Promoting renewables to Alternative biofuels Many nations, one climate decrease coal usage Revision of ’s Waste Management Masterplan Financial Support for Coal and Renewables in Indonesia PHC NUSANTARA Concrete solutions to cope with climate change and achieve SDGs in Indonesia Each day the Greater Jakarta Area produces six- Coal has become an increasingly central part of Agricultural University and the Laboratoire Following COP 23 and as part of the EU Climate to-seven thousand tonnes of waste, which mostly Indonesia’s power plans. By contrast, renewable de Chimie Agro-Industrielle based in Toulouse, Diplomacy Week, a conference on climate was ends up in a single landfill, Bantar Gebang. Much energy has not seen significant growth. Subsidies France collaborated on two projects supported organised in November 2017 by the French of the waste is burned in open fires and some of to coal (worth approximately IDR 8.5 trillion in by PHC NUSANTARA. Both projects aimed Development Agency (AFD) in cooperation with it is discharged into nearby rivers without being 2015) are significantly larger than subsidies to to improve the scientific understanding and BAPPENAS. This conference gathered high- processed. To add to this issue, the landfill is renewables. To put it in perspective, IDR 8.5 trillion commercial viability of alternative bio-fuels. The ranking officials from the Indonesian Government about to reach maximum capacity and there is an would cover the health insurance premiums for main objective was to produce biodiesel from and international development partners to urgent need to find viable alternatives to Jakarta’s over 10% of Indonesia’s population. Denmark vegetable oil (from Jatropha seeds in 2010 and highlight the ways in which the Indonesian waste problem. The revision of the Jakarta Waste and Sweden supported the development of Calophyllum seeds in 2016), as well as higher-end Government is combating climate change in Management Masterplan will benefit the current IISD’s Global Subsidies Initiative report: Financial products such as resin from Calophyllum seeds resource-intensive sectors that are targeted by and future generations of Jakarta by presenting Supports for Coal and Renewables in Indonesia. (used for cosmetic applications), and renewable the Nationally Determined Contribution of the several recommendations that advances best Along with the contributions from the Swedish and fiberboards based on Jatropha or Calophyllum Paris Agreement (NDC): energy and Agriculture, practices in solid waste management, such as Danish renewable energy partnerships, the report cakes (for subsequent use in furniture or buildings). Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU). Major reducing the amount of waste deposited in rivers, provides policy makers with strong evidence The outcomes and findings generated from these carbon emitters that were identified by the Paris and in urban areas, especially in poorer parts of that the overall goal of Indonesia’s energy policy projects were published in several peer-reviewed Agreement identified the support that could Jakarta. should be to increase the share of renewable journals and presented at international scientific be provided by the international community to energy while reducing the share of coal. conferences. support the Indonesian Government’s efforts to tackle climate change and transition to a low carbon economy.

“Jakarta’s waste problem has reached a tipping point, but the solid waste master plan provides a path forward. Denmark is proud to provide waste “This event is emblematic of the strong management solutions as it not only improves cooperation between our two nations, especially in the city’s sanitation, but it also directly improves “Not only are the emissions associated with coal “These two PHC NUSANTARA projects were an climate change and its relationship with Indonesian the health and happiness of its residents. We are power a significant contributor to global climate opportunity for Bogor Agricultural University to development policy. Secondly, it allows us to always open to sharing green technologies and change, but there are also other negative effects, maintain a collaboration with the Laboratoire discuss the relevance, practices and lessons-learnt technical know-how with Indonesian policy makers such as health impacts related to air pollution. We de Chimie Agro-Industriell, thus allowing the from developing and implementing policy actions and businesses to improve waste management in encourage Indonesia to choose renewables instead Indonesian partner to have access to equipment against climate change within the framework of the context of the circular economy.” of coal to the full extent this is possible.” not available in Indonesia.” Indonesia’s low carbon development.”

– Kurt Mørck Jensen, Head of Development – Richard Bridle, International Institute for – Dr. Ika Amalia Kartika, Director of Departemen – Gellwynn Jusuf, Secretary General of Cooperation, Danish Embassy. Sustainable Development (IISD) Teknologi Industri Pertanian, FATETA, IPB BAPPENAS. 14 Blue Book 2018 15

Lighting up the streets Putting people before cars A model for forestry Keeping it cool conservation Energy Efficiency Study | Smart Street Lighting in Sustainable Urban Transport Study | Low- ForClime Green Chillers – Development of Nationally Appropriate and Bogor Carbon Mobility Plan Mitigation Actions (NAMA) for Energy-Efficient Cooling Systems and Cold Supply in Indonesian Industry and Commerce Energy efficiency and coverage are two major Indonesia’s urban transportation systems are ForClime FC focuses on the conservation of The Green Chillers project aims to develop priorities for the Government of Indonesia. under a large amount of pressure due to their high Kalimantan’s forests. The programme partners Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions Indonesia must develop a more sustainable and popularity and increasing rates of urbanisation, developed and implemented a long-term forestry (NAMAs) that will help reduce greenhouse environmentally friendly national energy grid which contributing to the environmental degradation management framework, which aims to incentivise gas emissions with the help of energy efficient covers both regional and urban areas. With this in and poorer air quality of major cities. To address sustainable and social forestry management. This, refrigeration and air conditioning technology. mind, street lighting was identified as a promising this issue, the French Development Agency in turn, leads to a reduction in carbon emissions Through the use of natural refrigeration and area for energy savings. The French Development (AFD), with financial backing from the UK’s and the improvement of the living conditions modern technology, a total energy saving of up Agency (AFD), with financial support from the Department of International Development (DIFD), of rural populations. The project also supports to 26.6 terawatt hours can be achieved, reducing UK’s Department of International Development supported the development of a Low-Carbon rural populations by generating income through greenhouse gas emissions by up to 35 mega (DIFD), supported the municipal administrations Mobility Plan for the City of Bandung. The study the production of honey, bamboo, rubber, and tonnes between 2017 and 2030. The Green Chillers of Mataram and Bogor by developing the Smart identified the most economically, technically, other non-timber products by facilitating market project has successfully trained seventy-eight Street Lighting master plan which, among other and environmentally sustainable transportation access schemes. The programme has successfully technicians and twenty technical trainers. Also, things, trained technical and management staff strategies with the aim of improving the efficiency demonstrated that investment in the communities it has installed pilot projects at the University of on energy efficiency planning and the sustainable of and access to public transport for low-income that are directly dependent on the landscape Indonesia, Polytechnic Bali, Polytechnic Bandung, development and maintenance of energy systems. citizens whilst reducing congestion and limiting improves forestry management. This has since PT Phapros Pharmaceutical Industry and PT This master plan helps both municipalities greenhouse gas emissions. become a model for similar programmes in Pertamina. achieve their development goals whilst reducing Indonesia. Having begun in 2010, ForClime was greenhouse gas emissions. the first programme to demonstrate the viability of a pro-poor REDD-mechanism in Indonesia.

“ForClime FC has empowered communities “Our vision and mission is to consider our impact living in Kalimantan forests to improve their local on the environment in everything that we do. That’s economies through low impact development, why we installed Green Chillers, because it is an “In the near future, we hope that Mataram gets a encouraging bottom-up, community based forestry environmentally friendly and energy efficient piece Smart Street Lighting network that can effectively “Bandung has some challenges to face as only 20% management. Lessons from ForClime FC of technology. Refrigeration is one of the most and safely deal with a growing community. The of the population currently uses public transport interventions have been acknowledged by the important utilities for the pharmaceutical industry, network will provide better access to roads at night while 80% still opts for cars or motorbikes. Our Ministry of Environment and Forestry and have but no matter what your purpose is, installing a time, thereby boosting the economic development target is to flip this around so that 80% of the generated an informed, positive dialogue around Green Chiller is an important step toward a greener of the city.” population uses public transport and 20% uses cars the evolving space of social forestry policy.” Indonesia.” or motorbikes.” – M. Nazaruddin Fikri, Head of Division for – Stephen Devenish, Chief Technical Adviser of – Barokah Sri Utami (Emmy), President Director Infrastructure Planning, Bappeda Mataram – Ridwan Kamil, Mayor of Bandung ForClime FC Jakarta, Indonesia. of PT Phapros Pharmaceutical Industry. 16 Blue Book 2018 17

Checking in on climate Saving the Sumatran rhino Getting land ownership right The Right to a clean environment conservation Online Monitoring for National Climate Change | Policy Sumatran Rhino Sustainable Natural Resources | Towards Inclusive Improving Environmental Legal Framework | Making Advice for Environment and Climate Change (PAKLIM) Natural Resources Management (TIRAM) Environmental Regulations Work for the People (MERW) Project

In recent years, the Indonesian Government, The Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park in The management of natural resources suffers Unregulated industrial activity can negatively supported by the Indonesian-German Southern Sumatra contains a large amount from overlapping land permits with local impact communities living along rivers. Regional Environment and Climate project (PAKLIM), has of tropical rainforests. These preserved zones governments and the uncomfortable process governments have difficulty monitoring industrial been developing a climate policy framework that also contain large amounts of carbon and are whereby companies and communities claim water pollution cases since clear accountability reduces the impact of climate change through home to a variety of endangered species such the same plot of land. The combined effects of mechanisms are absent. Victims of polluted a series of national climate change targets and as the Sumatran rhino. These forests, however, decentralisation, vague regulations, and unclear waterways, therefore, must deal with these reporting mechanisms. The activities of the are highly vulnerable to degradation and dispute resolution mechanisms only adds to issues themselves whom, more often than not, National and Sub-National Action Plans for deforestation due to land conversions and, with this complexity. Prakarsa Borneo, together with settle for low financial compensations, leaving Emission Reduction have been reported each more than 100,000 people living in or around the University of and the University wider environmental challenges unresolved. year by ministries, government agencies and this protected area, the stakes are high for those of Amsterdam, is strengthening the capacity of The Indonesia-Netherlands Rule of Law Fund local governments since 2011. On 25 October who call this fragile ecosystem home. As a direct and provincial governments, civil society supported a two-year project by ICEL and the 2017, the Indonesian Ministry of National response, the German Government, through KfW organisations, and indigenous people to improve Van Vollenhoven Institute which aims to improve Development Planning (BAPPENAS) launched Entwicklungsbank, is cooperating with WWF, accountability, participatory law-making, and Indonesia’s environmental legal framework and its an online system which supports the monitoring, WCS and YABI to implement innovative land-use law enforcement in relation to natural resources administration by strengthening the government’s evaluation, and reporting of climate change concepts and livelihood development plans. The management. The project is funded by the regulatory capacity and empowering civil programmes across the country, referred to as consortium aims to improve the management and Indonesia-Netherlands Rule of Law Fund. society organisations and scholars to hold their PEP online. This application, supported by GIZ, administration of the National Park to ensure its government accountable for its regulatory was designed to improve the overall coordination long-term protection. performance. Various reports and handbooks and to simplify cumbersome monitoring, were published, which demonstrates the success evaluating and reporting mechanisms. of this intervention.

“Through this project, Prakara Borneo can “Thank you to the German Government and accelerate its intervention with the local “ICEL has long assisted the Ministry of Environment Photo Credit: Lauren Kana Chan KFW for helping us improve our work with the government, improving fair and environmentally- and Forestry. Since I was still a staff member at the National Park management, local , and the friendly natural resources management. Within the Ministry, ICEL has been assisting the Ministry. The “Thanks to PEP Online, 6,464 actions were Indonesian Government. We can now ensure the framework of good governance, Prakarsa Borneo’s manual and guidelines for monitoring produced by mitigated between 2010 and 2016. The total long-term protection of the tropical rainforests, involvement in this project clearly shows that the ICEL is excellent. I hope that in the future ICEL can amount of greenhouse gas emissions that were home to one of the most endangered mammals in East Kalimantan government is implementing a publish other guidelines.” saved reached 1.4 giga tonnes, amounting to a the world, the Sumatran rhino.” responsive policy design.” total CO2 reduction of 13.46%.” – Drs. Rasio Ridho Sani, M.Com, MPM, Director – Widodo Ramono, YABI – Muhamad Muhdar, Executive Director General of Law Enforcement for Environment and – Emod Tri Utomo, SekRAN Waste Liaison (Rhino Foundation of Indonesia) Prakarsa Borneo. Forestry, Ministry of Environment and Forestry 18 Blue Book 2018 19

Legal access from the ground up Geothermal power

Natural Resources and Paralegal Support | Strengthening GEOCAP (Geothermal Energy) Legal Empowerment of Peat-Land Villages in Indonesia Economic Cooperation to Enhance Access to Justice | Geocap

Fires are one of the biggest threats to Both The Netherlands and Indonesian Economic cooperation continues to be a priority promote favourable foreign investment policies. Indonesia’s forests and peatlands, particularly Governments have ambitious goals for area for the EU and Indonesia, where there is still The collaboration with the European Chamber in areas in which government agencies grant renewable energy in Indonesia. GEOCAP, a untapped potential for increasing trade flows of Commerce in Indonesia (Eurocham) focuses land concessions to plantation companies. bilateral programme between Indonesia and and opportunities for reducing poverty through on proactive advocacy with the Government of Overlapping permits often result in farmers the Netherlands, combines complimentary sustainable economic development. Indonesia and has provided business insights being displaced from their own land, tenure expertise in geothermal energy by involving relevant for the Comprehensive Economic conflicts and the criminalisation or eviction of universities, think tanks, and research and Building on the achievements of previous EU- Partnership Agreement. The EU-Indonesia rural communities. The Indonesia-Netherlands education firms to produce a number of PhD Indonesia trade support, a new EU flagship Business Network (EIBN) provides business Rule of Law Fund supports the Epistema Institute programmes, joint publications, and capacity programme will continue strengthening economic support services aimed at enhancing EU market to legally empower forest and peatland villages building workshops for different stakeholders. cooperation. The ARISE Plus – Indonesia Trade access to Indonesia and ASEAN and raises in Central Kalimantan, South Sumatra and By partnering with the Indonesian Ministry of Support Facility (TSF) is expected to start in 2018 awareness of the potential of the Indonesian Riau, where community members are trained National Development Planning (BAPPENAS), and will focus on Indonesia’s exports, promote market in Europe. to become paralegals and offer legal support. the programme could increase its capacity to inclusive and sustainable economic growth, Village heads are the focus of this programme accommodate more trainees, improving the and boost job creation. It will be the first trade- The EU also supports initiatives of civil society and receive training on how to formulate village skills and expertise available for geothermal related EU bilateral assistance programme organisations for inclusive and equitable local regulations and receive support from district production at a larger scale. Numerous with Indonesia closely linked to the ASEAN economic development through thematic courts. stakeholders including university students and economic integration agenda. small grant programmes on sustainable cocoa, staff of geothermal companies throughout the livestock value chains, community-based country are now adequately trained on various Meanwhile two other EU projects facilitate ecotourism, youth skills development and other aspects of geothermal energy. market access for EU companies in Indonesia and economic areas.

“Working with the community requires creative ways to act and think. Epistema’s programme to strengthen access to justice for the community aims to transfer skills and knowledge of law in a way that the whole community can understand. “I hope there will be more workshops from Thanks to this approach, 150 villagers from 75 GEOCAP or other institutions in the near future. villages in 6 provinces will become community These training sessions help us grow and produce negotiators and paralegals.” more geothermal energy in Indonesia.”

– Asep Firdaus, Director of Epistema Foundation – Training participant 20 Blue Book 2018 21

Supporting small businesses Power to the youth Everyone loves cocoa Supporting business in Indonesia

Strong CSOs for Inclusive Livestock Value Chain Strengthened Civil Society & Inclusive and Empowered Sustainable Cocoa Development Programme (SCDP) The EU-Indonesia Business Network (EIBN) Development (SCILD) Youth in (CREATIVE) The SCILD Project is an EU funded youth Although Indonesia’s youthful population Since March 2016, GPEI East Java and ICCRI, The EU-Indonesia Business Network (EIBN) is empowerment project that provides provides an economic advantage for the nation’s supported by the EU, ran pilot projects that a partnership between European chambers of technical and financial assistance to local economy, the rate of youth unemployment support the sustainable production of cocoa in commerce in Indonesia and Europe. It is co-funded CSOs, which develop the livestock value is still too high. Over three years the EU has five in East Java. Key activities include by the EU with €2.6 million and aims to assist EU chain in Nusa Tenggara Timur. The project supported the CREATIVE project, also referred to capacity building programmes aimed at cocoa SMEs in discovering and accessing Indonesian has been a driving force for young women’s as Strengthening Civil Society and Inclusive and task forces (Satgas) at both provincial and district market opportunities. Operating since 2014, it enhanced equal participation geared towards Empowered Youth in West Java. The activities level and strengthening collaboration between has been able to assist over 1.300 European economic development in the livestock sector. have directly improved the support and trust relevant Local Authorities and CSOs. A series of companies with business enquiries, while Approximately 2,000 young women and men from key stakeholders through the delivery of training seminars on good agricultural practices, supporting over 155 companies and organisations living in the province have joined sustainable youth access, employment, and entrepreneurship post-harvest processes, intermediate cocoa individually with concrete market access business livestock training and mentoring classes, and opportunities. These opportunities have been product processing and training of facilitators services. It furthermore contributed to several have also been provided with cattle. Thanks delivered to Garut and Districts, were delivered to key stakeholders such as missions coming from different EU Member to these efforts, many young women have published in a formal decree, which established farmers, farmer groups and field workers. SCDP States, establishing itself as a valuable focal point secured decent incomes and have become a working group comprised of young people also constructed demonstration plots (demplots) for business support in Indonesia. new role models in their villages. The project and the private sector. Private companies are on 50 hectares of land fitted with high quality has also received both recognition and support now incentivised to facilitate internships for cocoa seeds and plants. from the local government – for example, one young people that are at risk of dropping-out of of the target districts, Timor Tengah Selatan, the formal education system. Communities then has provided additional funds for training 400 encourage young people to become self–reliant young people in ten villages. and productive.

“I am happy to be involved in this project. I now have strong understanding of how to be an “Now, whenever there is community activity ran by “Establishing networks comprised of farmers, entrepreneur and even got a cow to be reared. I the local government, at least one young person young people, women-groups and cocoa- have since sold the cow for IDR 9.5 million. I then should represent each neighbourhood. Their voice taskforces in the districts is indispensable so that “The professionalism of EIBN, their high-quality used the profit to buy a breeder cattle, which is important to ensure that young people aren’t left participants can integrate the programme into their business services and network led to new synergies allows me to run a profitable business.” behind.” daily lives.” for Greek Maritime Manufacturers in Indonesia.”

– Anita Tamonob, youth member of SCILD project – Nurhasannah, Community Based Organisation in – Isdarmawan Asrikan, Chairman of GPEI – Helen Polychronopoulou, Chairman, from Tesiayofanu Village, TTS District, NTT Haurpanggung Village Garut District East Java HEMEXPO, Greece 22 Blue Book 2018 23

Keeping the digital economy fair Back to school Teach a village to fish There’s an app for that

Competition Policy Law | Fair Play - Fair Prices - From Farmer to Agripreneur Fish Cultivation Training Digital Information for Vegetable Farmers (MyAgri) Fair Choice

Competition policy is vital to encourage Many small-scale farmers pay a lot of attention More than 30%of households in Sei Gohong Lewu, Small vegetable farmers in Indonesia lack access innovation among companies and provide to growing their crops but pay less attention Central Kalimantan depend on fishing as their to the practical information needed to manage more choices for consumers. Between 1999 to decisions that go beyond production. This main source of income. Unfortunately, natural fish their crops. With the rapid development of and 2009, Germany assisted the Commission disproportion is what spurred the development of production has decreased significantly over the communication technology and smartphone for the Supervision of Business Competition the Farmer Business Schools (FBS), which equip years, which has had a direct effect on people’s ownership, new information channels are (KPPU) and the Supreme Court of Indonesia farmers with the practical know-how to boost income. Irish Aid, overseen by Yayasan Tambuhak easily within reach of smallholder farmers. The by introducing legislation on competition law in their income. This is achieved by training farmers Sinta (YTS), started a training programme for programme vegIMPACT collaborated with the relation to telecommunications. In 2007 KPPU on how to optimise their resources, seizing new the village, which improves the technical skills Indonesian Vegetable Crops Research Institute sanctioned six mobile telecommunications business opportunities, and enhancing their and practical knowledge of aquaculture among (BALITSA) to develop MyAgri. The app, available operators for engaging in a price-fixing cartel. entrepreneurial mindset. Although the FBS members of the Dayak Community. Participants for free on the Google Play Store, contains Following the KPPU’s decision, charges for operates worldwide thanks to the support of the are trained and coached on fish breeding, raising different kinds of information including fertiliser mobile messaging services declined significantly German Government, with the support of the fingerlings and how to market their fish to nearby recommendations, pest and disease diagnostics, and consumers benefited with a total savings ASEAN-German Cooperation Project, “Standards villages. A secondary benefit generated by the a pesticide selection tool and updated prices on of approximately €100 million. This experience in the South East Asian Food Trade” (SAFT), programme is that participants create stronger a range of vegetables across major markets in has allowed KPPU to evolve from a recipient to an adaptation has been created specifically for and more lasting relationships through regular Indonesia. More than 10,000 farmers have already a provider of technical assistance for emerging Indonesia, which draws on the experiences of meetings and discussions among other members. downloaded MyAgri and now have access to and evolving competition legislation in other fruit, vegetable, pepper and rubber farmers. updated information that helps them make better ASEAN countries. FBS supports farmers who make the decision to decisions. strengthen their independence and reduce the amount of risk that is prevalent in volatile markets.

“I’ve been using a mobile phone for over ten “15 women in the Dayak village of Sei Gohong Lewu years now and it has now become a lot cheaper to “Small-scale farmers are the backbone of the have enthusiastically taken up learning how to use. I used to get cut off a lot because I had run agriculture sector. Without them, we cannot breed and raise fish for profit in their own backyard out of credit. This was frustrating and negatively improve the quality or safety of our food. We have ponds. Once successful, they will be able to boost impacted my work. Now a top-up of IDR 100,000 a responsibility to help them overcome the many their household economy significantly and will be “We can now identify the symptoms of diseases is enough for me and I have lots of providers and uncertainties in today’s market.” an example for others to learn from.” using MyAgri in the field and take the proper options to choose from.” measures to prevent them from occurring.” – Leo Ruben, President Director of – Bardolf Paul, Executive Director of – Atik, female telecommunications user Saribhakti Bumi Agri Farm Yayasan Tambuhak Sinta – Vegetable farmer and MyAgri user 24 Blue Book 2018 25

Move on up MCP for Dairy Farmer Education

In collaboration with PT Frisian Flag Indonesia, Education is high on the agendas of both In addition, in 2017, the Analytical Capacity the Netherlands continues its commitment the EU and Indonesia. Indonesia continues Development Partnership was completed with to empowering Indonesian dairy farmers by to improve the availability and quality of its significant achievements. It has successfully building a digital Milk Collection Point (MCP) in universal basic education, with a key focus launched studies and provided capacity Pengalengan. The digital barcoding system in the to provide nine years of basic education and building to ensure higher quality and equitable MCP helps dairy farmers get a valid assessment reduce both primary and secondary school basic education in Indonesia. for a fairer milk pricing, avoiding human error drop-out rates. and reducing paper waste. Milk can be brought From 2008 to 2015, as a result of the directly to the MCP, where the Total Plate Count The EU provided substantial support to implementation of the education sector (TPC) and bacteria is calculated. The goal is Indonesia through the ‘Education Sector strategy, Indonesia’s gross enrolment rates to have a low TPC number, which signals high Support Programme’ – a budget support remained stable at about 100% for Primary quality and fresh milk, resulting in a higher price programme, which finalised activities in 2017. Education, and increased from 70% to 85% of the milk. Since 2015, FFI, in collaboration with The programme encouraged the Ministry of and from 21% to 24% for Secondary and Higher KPBS Pengalengan, established multiple MCPs, Education and Culture to allocate more funds to Education levels, respectively and in particular which caters to 806 dairy farmers. schools, a pre-requisite for improving minimum female participation in education has increased. service standards (MSS). The PISA scores of 2015 in comparison to 2009 demonstrate progress in educational The EU’s budget support ensured strong quality and learning outcomes: mathematic synergies with another EU education 371 - 386 (significant), reading 402 - 397, programme, the Minimum Service Standards science 383 - 403 (highly significant). – Capacity Development Programme and established a strong policy dialogue with the The EU also provides opportunities for Ministry. For instance, the policy dialogue led Indonesian graduates to study in Europe to the integration of the MSS strategy into through the Erasmus+ programme. Every the national education policy as a key tool to year, around 1,600 scholarships are provided ensure education quality and mitigate regional to Indonesian students and scholars through disparities. With its assistance, 70% of schools Erasmus+ and EU Member States’ scholarships. in more than 100 districts of Indonesia are now In 2017 alone, 200 Indonesian students received much closer to meeting the minimum service EU Erasmus+ scholarships. standards in basic education.

“The MCP initiative has helped us produce high quality milk. My milk is now getting the highest price I’ve ever seen and the quality and productivity of fresh milk I’m producing is steadily improving.” – Jajang, dairy farmer 26 Blue Book 2018 27

Getting the best start in life Showcasing European universities Enhancing education policies Building university networks

Budget Support Higher Education Fair Analytical Capacity Development Programme (ACDP) Supporting Research Networks – Subject-Related Partnerships with Institutions of Higher Education in Developing Countries

1 EU budget support, the back-bone of the EU’s The European Higher Education Fair (EHEF) After 6 /2 years of programme implementation, Through the Subject-Related Partnership support to the Government’s Education Policy was organised for the 9th consecutive year in the Analytical Capacity Development Programme Programme, the German Academic Exchange since 2007 achieved impressive results in 2017. 2017. This annual event was organised jointly (ACDP) concluded its activities on 25 July 2017. Service (DAAD) supports partnership projects Out of the 10,317 schools covered by the 2015 by the European Union and its Member States. Since 2010, the programme funded by the EU between universities in Germany and developing status quo assessment, 72% or 7,428 schools In 2017, it promoted more than 130 European and managed by the Asian Development Bank countries. Funded by the German Federal Ministry have increased their Minimum Service Standards Higher Education Institutions and Embassies, and (ADB), completed a total of 63 studies and for Economic Cooperation and Development, (MSS) indicators. The capacity development attracted 17,000 people in , Jakarta, supported translating evidence into well-targeted the programme aims to strengthen capacities programme for MSS (MSS-CDP) successfully and Palembang. The idea to organise EHEF arose policy and programmes in the education sector. for education by setting up sustainable networks supported 54,729 schools and 7 million students as a response to the rising number of Indonesian It engaged a diverse set of actors – policymakers, and modernising teaching content at partner located in 108 districts across 16 provinces. Over students studying in Europe. In 2016, more than interest groups, the media, and the public and its universities in developing countries. Eleven 200,000 education stakeholders have benefited 6,000 Indonesian students chose Europe as a studies were widely referenced in media articles. such cooperation projects from diverse fields of from capacity building training seminars. In destination for their undergraduate and post- ACDP also supported modern teaching methods research have been supported in Indonesia since addition, around 60% of districts have integrated graduate degrees and around 9,600 Indonesian in religious education as well as mother-tongue 2009, for instance on coral reef biodiversity. an MSS roadmap in their strategic plans. students are currently studying in Europe. Europe based teaching and learning on the provincial level is thus one of the most preferred destinations for in , as well as on a national policy level. The Indonesian students. supported reform of religious teaching in general schools can be replicated as a key strategy to address radicalisation of students and promote peace and tolerance.

“The marine biodiversity in North Sulawesi is enormous. Thanks to the collaboration with our German partners, we have come to a better “ACDP initiated a number of pilot programmes understanding of coral reef biodiversity, how to in Aceh, Papua and Sumba (Nusa Tenggara publish our work in high impact journals, and “The EU appreciated the strong commitment of Timur). They’ve even initiated national reforms create new teaching materials for our International the Indonesian Government in reducing education on curriculum and educational assessments and Master’s course on Coral Reef Biodiversity and disparity and ensuring that no child is left behind in “Many Indonesian students are interested to study teaching practices of Islamic teachers throughout Conservation.” receiving quality basic education services.” in Europe but they lack information. Through the Indonesia.” EHEF, we can obtain relevant information directly – Dr. Robert A. Bara, S.Pi., M.Sc., Researcher and – Vincent Guerend, Ambassador of from the European universities or institutions.” – Ir. Hendarman, M.Sc., Ph.D, Head of Centre for lecturer at the Faculty of Fisheries and the European Union for Indonesia and Policy Research of Education and Culture/Manager Marine Sciences of University Sam Ratulangi, Brunei Darussalam – Arman, visitor of EHEF of ACDP Programme , North Sulawesi 28 Blue Book 2018 29

Take the shot World class seaports Getting the best start

Permata Photojournalist Grant – Exchanging Port Operation Training Water Accessibility – A well and water system for knowledge: Permata Photojournalist Grant kindergarden in Kanti, West Timor

The Permata Photojournalist Grant is a multi- With support from the Dutch Embassy in Access to safe drinking water remains a challenge year programme in collaboration with Permata Indonesia, STC International and IPC Corporate for people living in various rural districts in eastern Bank, dedicated to the professional training of University initiated a joint project to improve the Indonesia. The quality and access to pre-school Indonesian photojournalists. Photojournalists way in which staff at some of Indonesia’s largest education also poses a challenge for families, who passed a selection process were taught how seaports is trained, thereby supporting the which further adds to the complications of living to practice professional photo journalism by local nation’s social and economic goals as a maritime in this remote area. The Embassy of Poland and Dutch mentors. The project also included nation. The training programme targeted several addressed both areas by building a water system a training programme for future mentors, a experienced operators who were then trained for a planned boarding house and kindergarden portfolio review, workshops and a lecture for to become instructors using port equipment in a village in one of the least developed parts of photography enthusiasts. The photos from the simulators. The activities under the scope of this the country. The facilities will be operated by the training were exhibited at the Erasmus Huis programme improved the capacity of future order of Claretians, who will help raise the literacy and the Bintaro Jaya Xchange Mall. One of the trainers who are now enabling the transfer of abilities of children of all faiths and backgrounds. participants was even selected for an Erasmus knowledge between operators, technicians, and Huis Fellowship Programme in the Netherlands service staff. and nine alumni from past programmes won photojournalism awards last year. This project also provides work opportunities for participating Dutch mentors and strengthens cooperation with the Indonesian media.

“The Permata Photojournalist Grant shows how “The programme helped us develop modules “Children here will be studying the basics of writing to take a photo story in a professional way. The and trained others on the core aspect of port and preparing for further education while their Erasmus Huis Fellowship to Amsterdam has operation. This will direcly allow IPC to achieve parents are working. The water system funded broadened my horizons and given me a new its goals to become a world class port operator, by the Polish Embassy makes this undertaking perspective on visual storytelling. Today I see my thereby significantly improving the sustainable possible. As modest of a project as it was, it’s made role as a photojournalist in a completely new light.” development of Indonesia’s Maritime Sector.” a big impact on the local community.”

– Rosa Panggabean, past participant – Amri Yusuf, Director PT PMLI – Sister Joanna Dresler 30 Blue Book 2018 31

It all adds up

Public Finance Management Multi Donors Trust Fund Good Governance, Human Rights, Phase II and Gender Equality The “Public Finance Management Multi Donors Trust Fund Phase II”, co-financed by Switzerland and Canada and managed by the World Bank, yielded many significant achievements in 2017. Good governance, human rights, and gender Among them are the roll-out of the Automated equality are of importance for the EU and Treasury Payment and Budget Preparation Indonesia alike. These cross-cutting issues are Information System (SPAN), the Government’s systematically addressed and incorporated Primary Financial Management Information in EU-Indonesia initiatives to ensure that System (FMIS) for budget preparation and the fundamental rights of citizens and treasury administration, which strengthens communities are protected. cash management and its architecture. The ultimate goal of the public finance management Regarding good governance, the EU and reform agenda is to improve service delivery Indonesia have committed to a long-term at all levels of the government, in particular partnership to promote reforms in public where citizens start appreciating the results finance management, the rule of law and of the reforms. In addition, in 2017, a “Student the judiciary. For instance, the Public Finance Essay & Photo Competition” was organised in Management Trust Fund, supported by the partnership with the University of Indonesia EU, works on improving the efficiency of to promote the interest and understanding of public financial management and increasing youth in Indonesia. the transparency and accountability on the use of the government budget. Another EU funded programme supports reform in the Photo Credit: Lauren Kana Chan justice sector of Indonesia (SUSTAIN) and aims to improve transparency, integrity and the promotion of responsible and human-rights accountability of the judiciary, as well as the based business practices. quality of justice service delivery. Following the EU Gender Action Plan 2016- On the basis of the EU Country Strategy for 2020, the EU supports Indonesia in establishing Human Rights and Democracy in Indonesia, the a more enabling environment for the EU and Indonesia hold an annual human rights fulfilment of the rights of women and girls dialogue. In addition, the EU provides support to in line with Sustainable Development Goal 5. “The Government has four priorities: first, expand civil society in Indonesia through the European Gender mainstreaming is included in all EU revenue collection. Second, make the budget as Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights programmes and the EU and Member States efficient as possible. Third, ensure that regional (EIDHR). In 2017, EU and Member States’ projects support initiatives that, for example, increase the governments are working effectively. And fourth, addressed a wide range of human rights issues participation of women in local decision-making support effective management across the whole including the promotion of religious tolerance processes, develop gender-sensitive budgets, ministry, through the office of the Secretary and pluralism, the abolishment of the death and enhance the capacity of young rural women General.” penalty, the rights of vulnerable groups such to improve their farming skills and earn and save – extracted from the speech of as women and people with disability, as well as money sustainably. the Secretary General, Ministry of Finance of Indonesia 32 Blue Book 2018 33

Weaving prosperity Together for inclusive Land rights for local Holding the judiciary development communities accountable Hivos Weaving Prosperity Inclusive Planning in Yogyakarta Advancing Sustainable Business and Ancestral Land Technology to Enhance Judiciary Accountability Recognition towards Peaceful Arbitration in Communal Territories The traditional hand-woven textile industry in Plembutan Village in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta Indonesia is dominated by small local enterprises, has recently issued a village regulation on the Addressing the overlapping land ownership in the Support to the Justice Sector Reform (SUSTAIN) which usually employ poor women. The desire for participation of vulnerable groups on village Kampar Peninsula in Riau province, the EU provided Project is a five-year project worth €10 million more sustainably produced, hand-woven textiles development processes including people with support to the ICCO Cooperation together with funded by the European Union and implemented culminated in the launch of a project for female disabilities. Thanks to the excellent contribution Indonesian organisations HUMA and Scale Up, to by UNDP. The project provides technical assistance entrepreneurship in Indonesia and the Philippines, of the EU-funded project “Building local implement the “Advancing Sustainable Business to the Supreme Court in four sectors: oversight, which reduces poverty by developing a sustainable capacities and alliances for participatory, and Ancestral Land Recognition towards Peaceful training, human resources management and case hand-woven eco-textile value chain along with inclusive and open public finance management Arbitration in Communal Territories” project. More management. The electronic whistleblowing an enabling policy environment. The project is processes in Indonesia”, implemented by than €500,000 were allocated to support the application, SIWAS, was launched in 2016 with supported by the EU with a financial contribution Handicap International and its partners, CIQAL, Riau Peatland Community Network (JMGR) by the support of SUSTAIN to enable the public and of €2.5 million over four years and implemented Perkumpulan IDEA, and the Organisasi Sosial submitting land ownership claims from the local court personnel to report any violation of codes by HIVOS and three partner associations. So far it Peyandang Disabilitas, Plembutan Village is now community to the Riau provincial land agencies. of conduct and codes of ethics such as corruption has helped 5,039 micro and small entrepreneurs considered a “disability-friendly” village. The In 2017, the project assisted in the submission of and gratification online. Such reports will be sent improve their technical, management, and village funds are set up to benefit people with 25 social forestry proposals, covering an area of directly to the Supreme Court’s Oversight Body or business capacities by producing and marketing disabilities by inviting them to participate in the 43,500 hectares of peatlands in Kampar Peninsula, BAWAS and the identity of the person who lodges high-quality, eco-friendly, and hand-woven village development planning deliberations, thus to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. the complaint will be kept confidential. In 2017 the textile products. Another key success includes ensuring that their voices are heard. application was developed further to improve the establishment of an Indonesian national identity protection of complainants. SUSTAIN competency standard and an eco-label for also equipped BAWAS with internal policies and naturally dyed, hand-woven textiles. procedures when handling complaints.

Photo Credit: Lauren Kana Chan

Photo Credit: Lauren Kana Chan “In the past, people with disabilities were “We are now aware of our rights to the land considered weak and useless. However, after that was taken away from us. Legal ownership “My life has been transformed by this project. It’s we were involved in an EU-funded project and acknowledgement from the government is shown me how to produce natural dyes, weaving implemented by Handicap International and important. The project encouraged us to begin techniques and beautifully crafted designs. We partners, we began to realise that people with collecting documents that were required to submit now enjoy easier access to working capital and disabilities also have the potential and the applications to the Ministry of Environment and we’ve been linked to retailers, designers, galleries same rights as other people. They need not Forestry Affairs. If we are successful with these “SIWAS is key for the Supreme Court’s reform and relevant government bodies who can support to be pitied but need guidance, motivation applications, it means that we have the right to process. SIWAS can eliminate all forms of our activities. We’ve even established a small shop and empowerment to participate in the village manage the forests in the area for our livelihoods.” gratification and corruption in the judiciary system. to showcase our products.” development planning process.” It also speeds up our ability to handle complaints.” – Sumarjan, community member of the Bagan – Wiwin Suharti, Leader – Edi Supriyanti, Head of Plembutan Village, Melibur Village of Kepulauan Meranti distric in – Ridwan Mansyur, Deputy Head of a women’s weaving group, Pringgasela, Lombok Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta Kampar Peninsula of Bangka Belitung High Court 34 Blue Book 2018 35

Plenty of fish in the sea Digital courts Promoting human rights In Shining a light on corruption business SUSTAIN: Ensuring More Fish in the Sea SUSTAIN: Digital Case Management for A Better Court Walking the Talk Project Assistance to Prevent and Combat Corruption (APCC) | Service JAGA mobile app

As a maritime country, Indonesia considers the sea In 2017, more than 5.5 million cases were handled Addressing the overlapping land ownership in the The Indonesian Corruption Eradication and its resources a key economic priority. However, by Indonesian courts. The large volume of Kampar Peninsula in Riau province, the EU provided Commission (KPK), together with the APCC challenges remain when Illegal, unreported and information generated requires a more efficient support to the ICCO Cooperation together with project, funded by the German Government, unregulated fishing (IUUF) are unchecked in and transparent case management system. To Indonesian organisations HUMA and Scale Up, to supported local government administrations Indonesian waters. According to reports a from achieve this, EU-UNDP Support to the Justice implement the “Advancing Sustainable Business by improving the transparency of government the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries in Sector Reform (SUSTAIN) project provided and Ancestral Land Recognition towards Peaceful services. The JAGA mobile app provides a 2014, illegal fishing activities cost Indonesia an technical assistance to the Supreme Court to Arbitration in Communal Territories” project. More variety of data on the provision of services estimated IDR 101 trillion a year. EU-UNDP Support improve the existing digital case management than €500,000 were allocated to support the including public schools and health centres. to the Justice Sector Reform (SUSTAIN) project, systems by integrating data from all four court Riau Peatland Community Network (JMGR) by Data on licensing across several pilot regions a five-year justice sector reform project funded chambers. Through the Sistem Informasi submitting land ownership claims from the local is being collected, consolidated, and made by the EU, conducted joint training exercises to Penelusuran Perkara (SIPP) application, court community to the Riau provincial land agencies. available to the public online. Currently, JAGA fight fishery crimes, attended by law enforcement registrars can record new cases directly through In 2017, the project assisted in the submission of collects and shares information on 33,800 officials such as judges, prosecutors, and naval, the system and update cases online. Members of 25 social forestry proposals, covering an area of senior high schools, 684 government hospitals, police and government officers. The training the public who need to track their case now can 43,500 hectares of peatlands in Kampar Peninsula, 10,051 health centres and 121 different types of applied a multi-door legal approach with a focus do so from their own computer from the moment to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. licensing. on stronger coordination among state institutions a case is drafted to its final verdict. and responsible fishing. SUSTAIN also supported the certification of fishery judges in cooperation with the Supreme Court Training Centre. SUSTAIN is currently working with five pilot courts for fishery cases in the seaport areas of , Jakarta, , and Ambon.

“As part of the international community, Indonesia closely observes global developments and trends. Indonesia must prepare itself and anticipate global developments on human rights as it relates to business activities. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs will continue to disseminate the UNGPs as a “Before, we had many challenges. Documents reference — that is not binding to all stakeholders were only available in hard copies and the including authorities, business people, the media, “The training has helped us build one vision and discovery process was time-consuming. But “Now it is easier for us to report frauds, civil society, local governments and the public to one legal approach to fishery crimes. The training now, this new enhancement reduces the amount misappropriation and dissatisfaction of the public prepare them for such developments.” was very helpful because of its simple yet detailed of time and effort needed to obtain each facilities and services, for example in schools and insight into fishing regulations.” document.” hospitals. We can use our smartphone or open the – Dicky Komar, Director for Human Rights and website to report it.” – Aser Sumombo, Water Police Officer – Julius Ibrani, Indonesian Legal Aid Humanitarian Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, North Sulawesi and Human Rights Association (PBHI) Coordinator Republic of Indonesia – Putri Artika Resyakasih, JAGA-app public user 36 Blue Book 2018 37

A hub for innovation Strengthening the court system Connecting expertise with Fighting religious intolerance entrepreneurs TRANSFORMASI - Innovation Hub Judicial Sector Support Programme (JSSP) PUM Netherlands Senior Experts Victim Voices implemented by CILC (Center for International Legal Cooperation PUM Netherlands Senior Experts is a public- This project piloted a new approach against private partnership funded by the Government religious intolerance, radicalisation and The Indonesian Government is increasing the The JSSP aims to contribute to justice reform of the Netherlands and the Dutch private sector. religiously motivated violence. It achieved this level of access to information on good practices efforts in Indonesia. The first area of support PUM connected entrepreneurs in developing by empowering victims of terrorism to speak in public service delivery. The government is is the quality and efficiency of the training countries with experienced senior experts from out against radicalisation and violence and by demonstrating its commitment by supporting of judges. Results include the application of the Netherlands. These experts voluntarily reducing the susceptibility of high school students citizen advocacy and social accountability. The blended learning, the integration of ICT, and the devoted their knowledge to executing short-term to intolerant views and actions. With support from Transformasi project, funded by the German development of new training modules tailored consultancy projects. They helped entrepreneurs the Government of The Netherlands, reconciliation Government, has supported the East Java to the specific needs of judges and legal staff. A build enough knowledge to grow their businesses between victims and perpetrators of terrorism was Provincial Government by establishing an ICT- second area is the implementation of the chamber to the next level. This benefits the local business initiated. The initiative reached 94 high schools based knowledge hub called JIPPJATIM, a joint system and a reduction of the inflow of cases at as well as the surrounding community. Between in fourteen different districts in Indonesia. The platform for public service knowledge exchange Mahkamah Agung. New systems were designed 2015 and 2017, 429 Indonesian entrepreneurs have project significantly reduced support for violent in East Java. This knowledge hub is an effective to reduce case-flow, including the simplification benefited from this partnership in almost every methods amongst students, especially given the way to draw attention to innovation from both of decision formats and the establishment of a field imaginable, from logistics to production relatively short interventions of only four hours at within and outside the province. In 2016’s short- case selection working group. Thirdly, through techniques, and from the hotel and catering trade each school. list of best national innovations, one third of the the assistance of the Netherlands Council for the to carpentry. top 99 innovations originated from East Java. Judiciary, the secretariat of the MA has adopted performance-based budgeting with a focus on the direct operational costs of cases. This model is being applied for criminal courts, industrial courts, and labour courts.

“Before I attended this dialogue, I was of the opinion that terrorist bombers are in their right to act violently because they commit their actions “The hub has increased in innovation within the “PUM support arrived just in time to advise us on in response to the trampling of the human rights public sector. Through the hub, local government new way to break through the barrier of our sales of their brothers in other nations. But after staff can learn and observe public service “I’ve developed a lot of new skills over just team. The programme has evolved from an aid participating in this dialogue I have come to realise innovations from other local government within the one week of training. I can now share the programme to a memorable experience that brings that such bombings are the result of a narrow mind. province.” knowledge of expertise that I’ve gained with court us a lot value.” They resort to bombing because they don’t know spokespersons, justices and other legal advocates.” how to solve their own problems.” – Ketut Arya Winangun, senior staff – Owner of a family business producing classic of East Java Provincial Government – Training participant butter cookies in Bandung, West Java. – Student participant 38 Blue Book 2018 39

Global fight against Expanding healthcare coverage communicable diseases Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Social Protection Programme (SPP) - Health Insurance Health for all

Basic health is a human right and it is essential Since its establishment in 2001, the GFTAM The challenges of managing a single health to assure the health of all citizens especially raised and invested nearly $4 billion a year to insurance system is enormous and it’s those in rural and less developed regions. In the support programmes in countries that are most about to get even more complicated as the past decade, poverty levels in Indonesia have in need. For the period between 2001 to 2016, government tries to provide health coverage dramatically dropped and the overall public the European Union and the European Member for the entire population - an estimated 260 health system has improved. However HIV, TB States contributed more than 44% of GFTAM’s million people - by 2019. The SPP project, and Malaria are still among the biggest health total spending which adds up to $18 billion. For funded by the German Government, supports threats in the country. The Global Fund to Fight Indonesia, the total investment amounts to the National Social Security Council and the AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM) has approximately $800 million with around $350 National Social Security Carrier for Health to in particular contributed to reduce infection million granted by the European Union alone. expand national health insurance coverage. In rates of these three diseases. The GFATM Indonesia is among one of the top five most 2017, the new insurance scheme, known as the was created in 2002 as an Independent and burdened countries and has one of the highest Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), already non-profit foundation to attract and disburse rates of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The covered 67.8% of the population for various additional resources to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis HIV epidemic is concentrated among certain types of physical diseases but it also covers and Malaria. Supported by the EU, the GFATM populations such as homosexuals, prisoners, and Indonesians for mental health disorders creates partnerships between governments, people who inject drugs. Around the country including schizophrenia. civil society, the private sector, and people there are around 152 million people living in affected by the diseases. The GFATM has to malaria transmission areas and, as an archipelago, date committed over $800 million to this cause Indonesia’s geography presents exceptional in Indonesia. Furthermore, projects supported logistical challenges. by the EU and its Member States have been successful in improving healthcare coverage, sanitation and emergency response services.

Over the past years, overall health indicators in Indonesia have improved significantly. According to the World Health Organization, life expectancy has dramatically risen in Indonesia from the average age of 64.6 for men and 68.0 for women in 2010, to 67.1 years for males and 71.2 for females in 2015. The risk of dying prematurely, between the ages of 30 and 70, from one of four main non-communicable “Beforehand mental health was given little to no diseases – cardiovascular disease, cancer, priority in the health system and patients often did diabetes or chronic respiratory disease – fell not come forward because of the stigma attached. from 23% to 19% between 2000 and 2015, but Now with JKN people with schizophrenia can get progress is not rapid enough to meet the 2030 “Thanks to the GTFAM we are able to provide more all the medical support they need.” target. Photo Credit: Lauren Kana Chan vaccines and medication to our patients.” – Administration officer at Puskesmas – Doctor at beneficiary hospital Gondomanan, Yogyakarta 40 Blue Book 2018 41

Cleaning up the streets

Government ownership driving sanitation development

In December 2017, the district of Pringsewu in Lampung province was declared open defecation free. Three years before, all of Pringsewu’s 131 villages were affected by open defecation and only 40% of its 379,190 inhabitants had access to quality sanitation facilities. Through SNV’s “Supporting STBM in Lampung” programme, implemented between 2014 to 2017 in partnership with the Embassy of The Netherlands in Indonesia, capacity building and contextualised technical, financial and behaviour change solutions were provided to government authorities, entrepreneurs and local CSOs. Six months after the project’s completion, the local government independently sustained and scaled up its results, providing 100% public access to sanitation across the district.

“Our aim is to become open defecation free. We want all government stakeholders to understand the importance of public sanitation. By doing so, we’ll be able to ensure safe and clean public zones for the entire district.”

– H. Sujadi Saddad, Bupati of Pringsewu Photo Credit: Lauren Kana Chan 42 Blue Book 2018 43 Contacts Greece Portugal EU Delegation & EU Member States Embassy of the Hellenic Republic Embassy of Portugal Plaza 89, 12th Floor, Suite 1203 Jl. Indramayu No. 2A, Jakarta 10310 Jl. HR Rasuna Said Kav. X-7 No.6, Jakarta 12940 T. : +6221 3190-8030 T. : +6221 520-7776 (hunting) F. : +6221 3190-8031 European Union Czech Republic F. : +6221 520-7753 E-mail : [email protected] Delegation of the European Union Embassy of the Czech Republic E-mail : [email protected] Intiland Tower, 16th Floor Jl. Gereja Theresia No. 20, Jakarta 10350 Romania Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 32, Jakarta 10220 PO BOX 1319 Hungary Embassy of Romania T. : +6221 2554-6200 T. : +6221 390-4075/-4076/-4077 Embassy of the Republic of Hungary Jl. Teuku Cik Ditiro No. 42A, Jakarta 10310 F. : +6221 2554-6201 F. : +6221 390-4078 Jl. HR Rasuna Said Kav. X/3 No. 1, Jakarta 12950 T. : +6221 390-0489; 310-6240 E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] T. : +6221 520-3459/-3460 F. : +6221 310-6241 F. : +6221 520-3461 E-mail :[email protected] Denmark E-mail : [email protected] Austria Royal Danish Embassy Slovakia Embassy of Austria Menara Rajawali, 25th Floor Ireland Embassy of the Slovak Republic Jl. Diponegoro No.44, Jakarta 12950 Jl DR Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung #5.1 Embassy of Ireland Jl. Prof. Moh. Yamin, SH No. 29 T. : +6221 2355-4005 Kawasan Mega Kuningan, Jakarta 12950 Ireland House Jakarta Pusat 10310, PO BOX 13680 F. : +6221 3190-4881 T. : +6221 576-1478 World Trade Center Tower 1, 14th Floor T. : +6221 310-1068; 315-1429 E-mail : [email protected] F. : +6221 576-1535 Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 29-31, Jakarta 12920 F. : +6221 310-1180 Email : [email protected] T. : +6221 2809-4300 E-mail : [email protected] F. : +6521 521-1622 Belgium Finland Spain Embassy of the Kingdom of Belgium Embassy of Finland Italy Embassy of the Kingdom of Spain Deutsche Bank Bldg. 16th Floor Menara Rajawali, 9th Floor Embassy of the Republic of Italy Jl. Haji Agus Salim No. 61, Jakarta 10350 Jl. Imam Bonjol No. 80, Jakarta 10310 Jl DR Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung #5.1 Jl. Diponegoro No. 45 T. : +6221 3193-5136; 314-2355 T. : +6221 316-2030 Kawasan Mega Kuningan, Jakarta 12950 Jakarta 10310 F. : +6221 3193-5134; 3192-5996 F. : +6221 316-2035 T. : +6221 2939-3000 T. : +6221 3193-7445 E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] F. : +6221 576-1631 F. : +6221 3193-7422 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] Sweden Embassy of Sweden Bulgaria France Netherlands Menara Rajawali, 9th Floor Embassy of the Republic of Bulgaria Embassy of France Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Jl DR Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung #5.1 Jl. Imam Bonjol No. 34-36, Jakarta 10310 Jl. MH Thamrin No. 20, Jl. HR Rasuna Said Kav. S-3, Jakarta 12950 Kawasan Mega Kuningan, Jakarta 12950 T. : +6221 390-4048; 391-3130 Jakarta 10350 T. : +6221 524-1060; 525-1515 T. : +6221 2553-5900 F. : +6221 390-4049 T. : +6221 2355-7600 F. : +6221 527-5976 F. : +6221 576-2691 E-mail : [email protected] F. : +6221 2355-7601 E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] Croatia Poland United Kingdom Embassy of the Republic of Croatia Germany Embassy of the Republic of Poland British Embassy Jakarta Menara Mulia, 28th Floor - Suite 2801 Embassy of the Federal Republic of Germany Jl. HR Rasuna Said Kav. X Block IV/3, Jakarta 12950 Jl. Patra Kuningan Raya Blok L5-6 , Jakarta 12950 Jl. Jend Gatot Subroto Kav. 9-11, Jakarta 12930 Jl. MH Thamrin No. 1, Jakarta 10310 T. : +6221 252-5938; 252-5939 T. : +6221 2356-5200 T : +6221 525-7822 T. : +6221 3985-5000 F. : +6221 252-5958 F. : +6221 2356-5351 F : +6221 520-4073 F. : +6221 390-1757 E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] E-mail : [email protected] Delegation of the European Union to Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam Intiland Tower, 16th floor Jl. Jend. Sudirman 32, Jakarta 10220 Indonesia Telp. +62 21 2554 6200, Fax. +62 21 2554 6201 Email: [email protected] http://eeas.europa.eu/indonesia

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