American Mathematical Society 2007–2008 Annual Report from the President

2007 2008

AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY 2007–2008 ANNUAL REPORT FROM THE PRESIDENT

Dear Colleagues,

This year marks the 120th anniversary of the Society’s founding in 1888. Thomas Fiske and his fellow graduate students, who founded the Society, were forward-looking enough to see the need for a mathematical society in the U.S., but I doubt that they could have foreseen a Society that now has over 32,000 members, publishes over 100 books annually, and manages a wide variety of programs for mathematicians in all stages of their careers. Part of the motivation for creating the Society was establishing meetings for “the discussion of mathematical subjects.” Since the first six members got together in 1888, AMS meetings have grown. The 2008 Joint Mathematics Meetings in San Diego drew a record number of attendees—more than 5,500, which includes, fittingly, a record number of student attendees—and featured more than 1,900 presentations. The annual meeting, joint international meetings, and sectional meetings continue to be an integral part of the Society’s mission to serve the James Glimm, Stony Brook University, New York, global mathematical community. AMS president, 2007–2008 As you will see in this Annual Report, this year, my second as AMS president, has been an exciting one for the Society. I invite you to read about the Society’s many current activities and accomplishments in the pages that follow.

Sincerely,

At the Joint Mathematics Meetings in San Diego, James Glimm January 2008. Stony Brook University, New York AMS president, 2007–2008 INTRODUCTION

The American Mathematical Society was founded in 1888 to further the interests of mathematics research and scholarship, American Mathematical Society and serves the national and international community through Headquarters 201 Charles Street its meetings, publications, advocacy, and other programs. Providence, RI 02904-2294 USA

The Society’s offices in Providence, Ann Arbor, and Tel.: 401.455.4000 Washington DC employ 211 people. There are over 32,000 Fax: 401.331.3842 individual members and 554 institutions worldwide that benefit Email: [email protected] from membership in the Society. Mathematical Reviews Headquarters 416 Fourth Street Ann Arbor, MI 48103-4816 USA Tel.: 734.996.5250 Fax: 734.996.2916 American Mathematical Society Email: [email protected]

Maintaining Excellence in Mathematical Sciences Research American Mathematical Society Advancing the Mathematics Profession Government Relations 1527 Eighteenth Street, N.W. Supporting Mathematics Education at All Levels Washington, DC 20036 USA

Fostering Awareness and Appreciation of Mathematics Tel.: 202.588.1100 Fax: 202.588.1853 Email: [email protected]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

From the President...... inside cover

Introduction...... page 1

State of the AMS...... page 2

Treasurer’s Report...... page 10

Contributions...... page 20

AMS Facts and Figures...... inside back cover

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society STATE OF THE AMS

Report of the Executive Director, They succeeded, and the New York Mathematical Society State of AMS, 2008 was formed in 1888. It grew slowly at first (by the end of 1889 it had only sixteen members), but the members held When I report to the Council each spring, regular meetings and soon began to publish a Bulletin. In I try to look at the AMS from a different 1894, when it was clear that the organization was truly perspective—membership, programs, meet- national in scope, the name was changed to the American ings, or publishing. This year, I will look at Mathematical Society and the organization held its first the AMS from yet another perspective—its summer meeting (in conjunction with the American history. Because the Society celebrates its Association for the Advancement of Science). 120th anniversary in 2008, I want to look at For the next thirty years, the AMS continued to grow the Society over time and contrast what we along with American mathematics. At the turn of the do now with what we have done in the past. century, most prominent mathematicians in America were educated in Europe. Research mathematics was not John H. Ewing, executive director That’s a big job, with only a small amount of time to accomplish it. This will therefore a tradition in American universities, and mathematics was be a condensed history, designed more to often associated with more practical matters. (The second highlight how we have changed rather than to provide a president of the Society was an actuary; the third presi- comprehensive history. If you are interested in finding out dent, an astronomer.) As the new century dawned, that more, there are excellent resources online at: tradition began to change. American-trained mathematicians became more visible (E. H. Moore among them), AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY SEMICENTENNIAL PUBLICATIONS Volume I Volume I: A Semicentennial History of the American and research became more important. Birkhoff’s proof A Semicentennial Mathematical Society, 1888–1938 of Poincaré’s “last geometric theorem” greatly enhanced History of the http://www.ams.org/online_bks/hmreprint/ the reputation of American mathematics, and American American Mathematical Society mathematicians began to play a role in the international 1888 –1938 Volume I: A History of the Second Fifty Years, American community. The Society continued to grow, expanding its Mathematical Society, 1939–1988 meetings and adding the Transactions and the Colloquium http://www.ams.org/online_bks/hmpitcher/ series to its publications. Until 1923 the Council was the only governing body AMS History of Mathematics, Volume 1: A Century of of the AMS. In that year, the AMS was incorporated (in A Century MathematicsA Century in America,A Centur Party I of Mathematics of Mathematics of Mathematics the District of Columbia) and the Board of Trustees was in America http://www.ams.org/online_bks//hmath1/in America in America added to look after the financial affairs of the Society. The Part I Part II Part III

Edited by Peter Duren Edited by Peter Duren Edited by Peter Duren Society headed into a quarter-century of steady opera- with the assistance of Richard A. Askey with the assistance of Richard A. Askey with the assistance of Richard A. Askey Uta C. Merzbach Overview Uta C. Merzbach Harold M. Edwards Uta C. Merzbach tions—regular meetings, the Bulletin and Transactions, AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY

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F F F O 8 O 8 O 8 U 88 Volume 1 U 88 Volume 2 U 88 Volume 3 NDED 1 graduateNDED 1 students. In theNDED 1 spring of 1887, while he was AMS (revenues were flat for the decade of the 1930s) in his second year as a graduate student at Columbia and not much changed until the war. Then, everything University, Thomas Fiske was told by one of his professors changed. Mathematics became important, disputes broke Golden Years The Scope and to spend some time at Cambridge out between pure and applied mathematicians, and in the of Moscow History of Mathematics Commutative and University in England. He went later aftermath of the war, people recognized that science and Noncommutative Edited by Smilka Zdravkovska and Harmonic Analysis that year and immersed himself in mathematics played a new role in the country’s future. Peter L. Duren Edited by G. W. Mackey mathematics. Even more than his There was much acrimony about pure versus applied, both

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F F O 8 O 8 U 88 Volume 6 U 88 Volume 5 NDED 1 NDED 1 meetings of the London Mathematical the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics was Society exciting. He went with J. W. L. formed, along with applied mathematics departments at Glaisher, “who spent with me many several universities. It was a dark period for mathematics evenings in heart to heart conversa- that affected attitudes for decades afterwards, and many of tions … and who entertained me with the wounds are still healing. gossip about scores of contemporary By the late 1940s the Society had grown more complex. and earlier mathematicians.” Fiske For its first sixty years, the secretary ran most operations later wrote: “On my return to New of the AMS (with the treasurer and, to a lesser extent, the York I was filled with the thought that president). But as the budget and staff began to grow, it there should be a stronger feeling of became clear that someone was needed to run the busi-

Thomas S. Fiske, president of the AMS, comradeship among those interested ness. The position of executive director was created in 1903–1904 in mathematics, and I proposed to 1949. Around this time the Society was also forced to move AMS Presidents: A Timeline, at my classmates … that we should try its offices from New York (Columbia University), where it www.ams.org/ams/amspresidents.html to organize a local mathematical had been since its beginning, and it chose Providence as its society.” new home. (Providence was the location of Mathematical

STATE OF THE AMS

Reviews, which now was a key part of the AMS. Its rights to appoint those nominee members mentioned founder, Otto Neugebauer, was a faculty member at Brown above. University.) Membership wasn’t always so varied. From the 16 members in its first year, the AMS had grown to only 251 when it changed its name in 1894. It took until 1921 to exceed 1,000 members; until 1937 to exceed 2,000. For much of this time (1891–1921) the dues level was set at a steady US$5, and membership was essentially undiffer- entiated with just a single category. Then, in the next two decades, dues began to rise and membership became more complicated. The AMS added reciprocity members (beginning with our parent, the London Mathematical Society), and life memberships were created. By 1937 dues had risen to US$9, and while the number of reciprocity members was small (52), it was clearly growing. Institutional memberships were created around this time as well. The classes of membership remained relatively stable until the early 1970s, when the Council AMS Membership, 2008 Otto Neugebauer created “nominee” members as a way to entice young mathematicians to Aﬃliate During the remainder of the twentieth century, the AMS join the AMS early in their careers. 9% grew. It went from a staff of about 10 to 215 (peaking Affiliate members (they were origi- Regular near 250); its annual budget went from US$145,000 to nally called “Category-S”) were added 33% US$25,000,000; and it expanded nearly everything it in the early 1980s. did—membership, meetings, outreach, education, and Nominee One chapter in the Society’s 41% publications—slowly over its second sixty years. The attempts to deal with membership Society became a leading force internationally, organizing might better be forgotten. In 1965 the Reciprocity two international congresses (1950 and 1986) and reaching 8% minutes of the Executive Committee out to other mathematics societies around the world. It Emeritus and Board of Trustees record the 9% became more politically engaged (although not always in following action: the most productive way). It promoted and developed tools ( , AMSFonts, and various packages) for writing The establishment of US$28 as membership mathematics in the new world of computers. It involved dues for a husband–wife joint memberships itself in professional issues, from employment to research [sic]. The husband is to be billed at the rate funding. The AMS evolved over the second half of its life, of US$28 for dues and will receive the Notices in some ways returning to its roots. and the Bulletin as a privilege of membership. The wife will pay no dues but will be allowed a Membership choice of subscriptions at members’ rates, and both will be accorded all other privileges of In 2008 the AMS will have a little over 32,000 members. membership. That overall figure is misleading, however, because there are many different categories of membership. Regular The AMS still offers family memberships, but they are not members are divided into three categories (high, low, described in such language—a stark reminder of attitudes and entry). There are more and more life and emeritus in 1965. members each year. Reciprocity members (who belong to a While the records are incomplete, it seems that member- reciprocating society and pay half-dues) make up a signifi- ship in the Society was denied to only one mathematician, cant group from outside North America; so do affiliate Nicolas Bourbaki. He had applied for reciprocity membership members (from developing countries). The largest category in 1948, having recently joined the Société Mathématique of members is “nominee/student”, which now makes up de France. The secretary of the AMS, J. R. Kline, rejected about 40 percent of the membership. About a third of our the application, saying that “That Society has two types of members are from outside North America. membership, individual and institutional, and Bourbaki comes under neither classification.” The matter eventually We also have over 500 institutional members of the AMS. made its way to the Council in December 1950, and the These institutions pay dues that vary with their size, and in Council pronounced that (1) Bourbaki was not eligible for return receive certain benefits, which include discounts on reciprocity membership, (2) Bourbaki was eligible for insti- publications (often exceeding the dues), as well as certain tutional membership, and (3) the constituents of Bourbaki

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society STATE OF THE AMS

could individually become members. A reply came from J. Dieudonné soon after: “If the French Mathematical Society took itself as seriously as seems to be the case with the AMS, this letter and the breach of the reciprocity agreement implied therein could seriously jeopardize the good relations between the two Societies.” The Council did not back down. Meetings Meetings have always been an essential part of the Society. Each year we hold the Joint Mathematics Meetings with the Mathematical Association of America. In recent years, a number of other organizations have participated in the meetings as well. The 2008 meetings in San Diego set a record for attendance—about 5,500 people. Each year the joint meetings seem to grow and become richer and more complex. We The AMS exhibit at the 2008 Joint Mathematics Meetings. also hold eight regional meetings each year—four in the spring and four in the fall—and those meetings continue to grow as well. The AMS holds joint meetings with the Sociedad Matemática Mexicana on a regular basis; the last one in May 2007 took place in Zacatecas, Mexico. In addition to these, the AMS has approximately one joint international meeting each year, organized jointly with one or more societies in another country. During 2007 we held two such meetings: one in Warsaw, Poland, and another in New Zealand. During 2008 we will hold two more: one in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and the other in Shanghai, China. Such meetings provide opportunities for mathematicians to make international connections, but they also provide a way for the societies to connect as well. In a sense, the AMS was built on A Sample of Gibbs Lectures meetings. Thomas Fiske set out to (midcentury) create a mechanism to hold regular meetings, and for the first few years • Albert Einstein, 1934 of the Society that was essentially all • Vannevar Bush, 1935 it did. Many other parts of the Society Plenary speaker Henryk Iwaniec, Rutgers University, with Stefan Jackowski, • Theodore von Kármán, 1939 grew from meetings: the Bulletin as president of the Polish Mathematical Society (PTM). Photo by Ina Mette. • Harry Bateman, 1943 a way to publicize presentations, the • John von Neumann, 1944 Colloquium series as a way to publish • S. Chandrasekhar, 1946 the Colloquium Lectures, the Gibbs Lectures as a way to reach out to the • Hermann Weyl, 1948 public. • Norbert Wiener, 1949 For many years the annual meeting • G. E. Uhlenbeck, 1950 was held between Christmas and New • Kurt Gödel, 1951 Year’s. It consisted of a few hour-talks • Marston Morse, 1952 mixed with many short presentations • Wassily Leontief, 1953 (contributed papers). Over time the • K. O. Friedrichs, 1954 number of hour-talks has increased, and the notion of “special sessions” has • M. H. Stone, 1956 become a staple of all our meetings. In 1963 there were five special sessions; today, there are more than thirty at the Joint Meetings, and dozens more at our other meetings. Left to right: Vaughan F. R. Jones, Rod Downey, Ruth Charney, and Gaven Summer meetings were a part of the AMS program until 1996. Martin. Photo courtesy of the Victoria University of Wellington Image Services (Les Maiden photographer). They were usually smaller but often attracted families, who combined the meeting with a vacation. The Colloquium Lectures were given at the summer meeting each year. Gradually, however, summer meetings seemed to hold less and less interest for AMS members, and eventually they were discontinued.

STATE OF THE AMS

Regional meetings have evolved over many years. When •The support of MathJobs, which is a service that grows they started, these meetings were invariably held in New each year and makes the job application process easier for York or Chicago—a way to supplement the larger meetings all those involved. with smaller meetings that focused on a more limited set of •The Young S cholars topics. There were usually seven or fewer each year. Over Program, which makes awards the past fifty years these meetings have become more regular to summer programs for and organized, with two held in each of the four regions, one talented high school students. in spring and one in fall. This year this program has For many years the awarded US$100,000 in grants Future Joint Meetings summer and winter joint to help these programs. The Washington DC 2009 meetings with the MAA AMS has been working to were five-day meetings, with endow the program by raising San Francisco 2010 six half-days assigned to the US$2M for an endowment, and New Orleans 2011 AMS and four half-days to we are approaching that goal. The Hampshire College Summer Students in Boston 2012 the MAA. The two days in •The Math in Moscow Mathematics program in Amherst, MA, was among San Diego 2013 the six math camps that received grants from the the middle were interlaced. In Semester for Undergradu- Society's Epsilon Fund in 2007. Baltimore 2014 1984 the format was changed ates, which supports visits of San Antonio 2015 to a four-day meeting with all American undergraduates to “I cannot believe what I see: people studying mathematics until late hours at night, sharing sessions intermingled. These the Independent University of ideas, combining techniques and writing up joint meetings have become far more complex in recent Moscow for an intensive mathe- beautiful mathematics proofs, interesting and years, both because the AMS and MAA have added many matical program and is designed delicate pieces of art. Every time a question more activities (talks, panels, social events) and because a for the very best students. arises, there is always somebody willing to help number of other organizations have joined the meetings •Early Careers is an effort us, with a smile on their face.” as well. The governance of the joint meetings is still done to answer the question, “What —student at the Epsilon-funded Ross by the two primary organizations, AMS and MAA. As the good is a mathematics degree?” Mathematics Program, The Ohio State University meetings have grown, we have had to accommodate the need It publishes profiles of under- for more space. Because meetings have to be planned many graduate majors and encourages years in advance (we are currently working on 2016), this is mathematics departments to collect such information. not always easy to do. •The Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Programs/Outreach Native Americans in Science (SACNAS) has an annual meeting that brings together some spectacular students. In a certain sense, this is the part of the AMS for which The AMS has been an enthusiastic participant each year and there is no good historical perspective. For its first sixty provides financial support for part of this meeting. years, the AMS concentrated on meetings and, to a lesser •The Ky Fan China Exchange Program funds visits by extent, on publications. That’s not surprising; the Society distinguished North American mathematicians to Chinese had only a handful of staff, and it was largely volunteer-run, departments, as well as visits by prominent young Chinese with only modest resources. In its second sixty years, this mathematicians to North American universities. all changed. •The Book and Journal Donation Here is a partial list of some of the programs the AMS Program helps the mathematics AMS Book community to donate material and Journal runs today. Donation •The Annual Survey, which covers more than 1,500 to mathematics departments in Program mathematics departments and reports on employment, developing countries, first by salaries, and demographic data. matching donors with recipients •The CBMS survey, which takes place every five years and and then by paying for shipping produces a comprehensive view of all aspects of mathematics costs. in colleges and universities. The newest program of the •Production of Assistantships and Graduate Fellowships, Society is Mathematics Research which contains comprehensive information on graduate Communities (MRC), which will programs throughout the mathematical sciences. begin in summer 2008. The goal is to bring together groups ICS R ICS R AT ES AT ES M E M E •Production of Employment Information in the Math- of young mathematicians in a commonE field soA that they E A H R H R

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A M R A M R M for advertising jobs. future. They will come together in groupsM of twenty or so, C C •The Employment Center, which has evolved over the along with more senior mentors, for a week-longO C conferenceS O C S M IE M IE years from the old Employment Register. It now provides (at Snowbird, Utah), and then reconnect atM aU NspecialIT session MUNIT a convenient mechanism for employers and potential at the Joint Meetings. There will be additional opportunities employees to meet at the annual meeting. to work together online. Part of the project is also to carry out longitudinal studies of their progress over a number TICS R ICS R of years so that we can better understandA theE Scareer path AT ES M E M E E A E A H R H R

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of young mathematicians. The Sailing Faster

project is funded by a grant from A lot of work takes place on the water in competitive racing. Yet there's also a great deal of work done on land designing a boat's hull and sails years before the starting gun ever the National Science Foundation sounds. Much of the process of creating a 20-ton vessel that must move efficiently through air and water involves mathematics–specifically the theory of fluid flow. In fact, roughly 40 million equations are used in the design of today's America's and will last for at least three Cup yachts to ensure that their crews sail the fastest boats possible. years, and we hope far beyond that. In 2000 the AMS created a public awareness office, which

has grown steadily each year Image ©Thierry Martinez. The Mathematical Moments program promotes appreciation and understanding of the role mathematics since and now carries out a set of plays in science, nature, technology, and human culture. www.ams.org/mathmoments regular activities that have made MM/64.s Who Wants to Be a Mathematician winners with Public mathematical research more Left: Mathematical Moment number 64, “Sailing Faster”. Right: Ken Golden, Awareness officer Mike Breen. visible and better understood. professor of mathematics at the University of Utah, made a presentation to congressional representatives on his work on polar sea ice as both an indicator Mathematical Moments, Math and regulator of climate change. in the Media, and the Feature Column are all expository efforts, each aimed at a slightly different audience. Math Prizes (1970). Many more prizes have been created in recent Moments hang in classrooms around the country, and some years, and the Society now has a rich program of prizes and of them have been translated into six different languages. awards, both for research and for other activities (including Headlines & Deadlines helps to keep AMS outstanding departments and programs). members informed; Who Wants to Be a Math- Surveys, employment services, programs for high school ematician entertains and encourages high school students, outreach to the developing world, public aware- students; What’s Happening is a series of books ness, advocacy, and prizes—almost none of these was part aimed at exposing the mathematically interested of the Society’s mission in its first sixty years (and few population to recent mathematics. The Public could have been carried out with only a few staff and a tiny Awareness Office has connected mathematics to budget). They have come to define the Society in its second the new media in a way it never was before. sixty years, and they play an increasingly important role in For nearly a decade in the 1980s, the Society all our activities. talked about establishing an AMS Washington Education office in order to advocate for mathematics. Finally, in 1993, the Society created the office, which has Education has always been problematic for the AMS. When been headed by Sam Rankin since 1995. Its mission the Society began in 1888, its purpose was clearly stated by its founders: preserving, supplementing, and utilizing Adriana Salerno, AMS-AAAS and operations have evolved over the past dozen 2007 Mass Media Fellow, worked years, and it now carries out many events each year, the results of their mathematical studies so that “original at Voice of America for her ten- including annual Science Policy Forums, Congres- investigations to which members may be led shall be brought week internship and wrote a blog from the 2008 Joint Mathematics sional Briefings, and workshops for department before the society at its meetings.” The AMS was focused on Meetings. chairs. The Washington Office also manages our research. Indeed, Thomas Fiske wrote about teaching in an Congressional Fellows and Mass Media Fellows. article he published in the 1905 Bulletin: The main function of the Washington Office is something Notwithstanding the great progress recently that wasn’t on the top of anyone’s list before 1993. It gives made in America by our science, we are far from mathematicians a presence in Washington, along with all the being in a position that we can regard as entirely other organizations that advocate for science and research. satisfactory.… The most pressing demand When people gather to talk about mathematics or when seems to be that those engaged in lecturing…at reporters ask for comments about science, mathematicians American universities should be given greater are included with physicists, chemists, biologists, and engi- opportunities for private study and research. neers. Sam Rankin, who heads the Washington Office, chairs At present, the time of almost every university the Coalition for National Science Funding, which advocates professor is taken up to a very large extent for the National Science Foundation on behalf of many with…the care of comparatively young students. science and engineering societies. That makes mathematics [Bulletin, February 1905, p. 245] part of mainstream science, and that has changed the general attitude about the importance of mathematics. This would be a familiar theme over the next century: Less Many people think of prizes as an essential part of AMS time teaching, more time for research. activities, but it is somewhat surprising that they were largely But then as now, research mathematicians were often absent from its first sixty years. The Bôcher Prize was first engaged in teaching, and from its earliest days the Society’s given in 1923 to honor AMS president Maxime Bôcher members were mainly teachers. One of its greatest presidents, (1909–10). The two Cole Prizes, in algebra and number E. H. Moore (1901–02), was passionate about teaching. His theory, were first given in 1928 and 1931. But there were retiring presidential address focused on education, and it no other prizes until a spate of new prizes appeared—the contained this plea: Veblen Prize (1964), the Birkhoff Prize (1968), and the Steele

STATE OF THE AMS

The American Mathematical Society has, natu- All this interest in education, from rally, interested itself chiefly in promoting the K–12 to graduate level, is starkly interests of research in mathematics. It has, different from the attitude expressed however, recognized that those interests are by the AMS in 1915 when it turned closely bound up with the interests of education down the Monthly. The AMS now finds in mathematics.…Do you not feel with me that itself keenly interested in all aspects of the AMS, as the organic representative of the education and more involved with the highest interests of mathematics in this country, MAA, with which we share a common should be directly related with the movement of interest in promoting both quality reform?…[Bulletin, May 1903, p. 412] research and quality education. This broader interest is good for the future It was a plea that went largely of mathematics. unheeded by most of the Society’s leadership. Indeed, twelve years later, Publishing when the American Mathematical William McCallum, chair of the AMS Committee Membership, meetings, programs, on Education Monthly came to AMS for help, the public awareness, advocacy, and AMS dismissed Moore’s words. The education—all of these have come to be essential aspects of Monthly had become the premier the Society’s personality. But most of this would be impos- journal for college teachers, but it sible if the AMS had not nurtured and eventually expanded was in financial trouble and needed its publishing program. Indeed, AMS publishing is what an institutional home. They hoped makes the Society different. It’s the reason the AMS has that the Society would provide it more than 200 employees (we own our own printing plant E. H. Moore and, in doing so, would take on the and warehouse), and it’s certainly the reason the AMS has responsibility for collegiate teaching. a budget of US$25M. The issue was hotly debated, a We now publish a dozen journals with more than 20,000 committee was formed to study the problem (plus ça pages annually. We publish more than 100 new books change…), and by a narrow vote of 3-2 the AMS turned down each year as well, and we keep more than 3,000 titles in the Monthly. Soon after, the Mathematical Association of print—an extraordinary number for any publisher. And, of America was formed to provide a home for the Monthly, course, we publish the Math Reviews database in several and the MAA became the organization devoted to collegiate formats, but most especially as MathSciNet online. mathematics teaching. We make money from our publishing, of course, and that’s That decision more than ninety years ago shaped the what allows us to do all those other things. But we publish course of the AMS for most of the twentieth century. For for many other reasons, which include competing with other decades afterwards, the AMS scarcely dealt with education publishers (to keep them honest), providing mathematicians at all. Education was the business of the MAA. Even in a friendly venue for their work, and disseminating research the turbulent times of the “new math”, the AMS stayed material that might otherwise never be seen by the broad (mainly) on the sidelines. But in the last two decades of community. The competition has been especially important the twentieth century, the AMS began slowly to renew its for journals, but it plays an ever larger role in our book interest in education and began to reinsert itself into areas publishing as well. it had previously avoided. The Committee on Education The AMS has always viewed publishing, along with became active in the 1990s, and it now holds an annual meetings, as an integral part of its activities. Soon after its forum in Washington that attracts dozens of department founding, the Bulletin was created as a vehicle for publicizing chairs and their representatives. Each year the AMS provides what happened at meetings. The Transactions was started judges and prizes for mathematics at the Intel Science Fair, in 1900 in order to give American mathematicians a more it provides eight US$3,000 scholarships to undergraduate amenable outlet for their research. (European journals mathematics majors, and it has enthusiastically supported seemed to be somewhat snobbish towards the fledgling Research Experiences for Undergraduate programs with American mathematics community.) The Proceedings two separate conferences in the past ten years to help those cleaved itself from the Bulletin in 1950 as the “gray issues”, running these programs to share information. replacing many small research papers that were previously Most recently, the AMS has been engaged in two other published in the primary member journal. The Memoirs projects, one aimed at providing resources for high school were created at about the same time, publishing papers at students (and their teachers) so they can prepare themselves the other end of the spectrum (long!) in a series that was for serious undergraduate work in mathematics. The other part book, part journal. Mathematics of Computation grew project focuses on the first year of college mathematics from World War II as Mathematical Tables and Other Aids and seeks ways to make a difference by changing the way to Computation. It was originally published by the National mathematics departments deal with first-year instruction. Research Council, but the AMS took over publishing (but That effort is now moving into a new phase that we hope not editorial control) in 1961. By 1966 the journal had been will offer truly practical solutions. fully transferred to the AMS. The Journal of the AMS is

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society STATE OF THE AMS

the youngest of the four primary way to publish the proceedings AMS-published journals A Sample of Colloquium Lectures journals, which after a ten-year of colloquia given at the annual introducedBulletin of the in... AmS (BUll) (first 50 years)

debate first appeared in 1988. It meeting. The series originated Bulletin

has been a remarkable success in in the earliest days of the Society Series) (New 1891 1896, Maxime Bôcher, Linear differential every way and now is considered with the Chicago Congress and the of Amer. Soc. Math. equations and their applications BUlletin( n e w S e r i e S ) among the few top mathematics Evanston Colloquium of 1893 of the 1906, Eliakim H. Moore, On the theory journals in the world. The Notices (not an AMS meeting, but an A m e r i c A n m A t h e m A t i c A l S o c i e t y of bilinear functional operations was redesigned and first appeared opportunity nonetheless), and VOLUME44 1900 in its new (enhanced) format it continued to publish lectures

1913, Leonard E. Dickson, On 1 NUMBER editors

in 1995. All the other journals, as the Colloquium Lectures Articles Susan Friedlander invariants and the theory of numbers Chief Editor including our translation jour- became ever more popular. For PAGES1 Book Reviews robert l. devaney – 1913, William F. Osgood, Topics in the nals, were acquired over time in its first fifty years, the Society 162 1940

theory of functions of several complex J a variety of ways. kept largely to this format and ANUAR volUme 44 nUmBer 1 jAnUAry 2007

variables 2007 y Mathematical The Notices and the Bulletin style. Then in 1940 the AMS AvailableReviews electronically at 1916, Oswald Veblen, Analysis situs are now the two “member” jour- published Mathematical Surveys www.ams.org/bull/ Providence, rhode iSlAnd USA iSSn 0273-0979 volUme 136 nUmber 8 AUgUSt 2008 nals of the AMS, and printed (using a commercial2-color cover: Pm Spublisher 275 (Blue) and Black to 1950 176 Pages on 40lb Stock • 1/4" Spine • trim: 7' WholeX 10" nUmber 590 1920, G. D. Birkhoff, Dynamical systems copies are mailed to all members. do the production) and soon after roceedingS

1927, E. T. (Eric Temple) Bell, Algebraic Both are “open access” —that is, published proceedings of various PoF the arithmetic they are freely available online to kinds. In the next fifty years, the A m e r i c A n m A t h e m A t i c A l S o c i e t y

all members and nonmembers AMS was a “small” publisher of EDITED BY bryna Kra 1950 mario bonk michael t. lacey 1927, , The theory of richard c. bradley gail r. letzter Anna J. Pell Wheeler ted chinburg Wen-ching Winnie li Peter A. clarkson martin lorenz alike, and people have sometimes books—conference proceedings, Walter craig varghese mathai quadratic forms in infinitely many variables Alexander n. dranishnikov Ken ono ronald A. Fintushel,EMOIRSdaniel ruberman managing editor of theAndreas Seeger wondered why we give away our volumes from summer work- MPaul goerss mei-chi Shaw and applications Americanmatthew J. gursky Mathematicalhart F. Smith Society Jim haglund chuu-lian terng Jonathan i. hall tatiana toro most important member benefit. shops, an occasional Survey, and Jane m. hawkins Number 888bernd Ulrich birge huisgen-Zimmermann edward c. Waymire

Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society Mathematical American the of Memoirs marius Junge michael i. Weinstein 1929, , nigel J. Kalton richard A. Wentworth R. L. (Robert Lee) Moore But making member journals regular translations, especially 1954 Julia Knight Jon g. Wolfson Foundations of point set theory Notices of the American Mathematical Society ISSN 0002-9920 Providence, rhode iSlAnd USA available to the world makes from Russian. In 1988 the Society iSSn 0002-9939 Available electronically at www.ams.org/proc/ 1930, Solomon Lefschetz, Topology them more valuable, not less, published just over thirty new Basic Global Relative Invariants Nofor Nonlinear tiDifferentialce Equationss of the American Mathematical Society October 2005 Volume 52, Number 9 and because mathematicians titles—its specialty consisted Roger Chalkley Interview with 1931, Marston Morse, The calculus Heisuke HironakavOlUME 77 NUMbEr 263 JUly 2008 page 1010 everywhere can access these of books in which commercial2007 November • 888 Number 1961 Ground Control to of variations in the large Niels Bohr: Exploring Outer Space with journals, they provide an easy publishers had little interest. Atomic Physics ATHEMATICS page 1020M San Antonio Meeting OMPUTATION 1932, Joseph F. Ritt, Differential way to reach all mathematicians. Around the timeAMS on ofthe Web its OF MEMO/190/888 www.ams.org page 1121 C equations from the algebraic standpoint In this sense, the Bulletin and centennial, the AMS set out to A ME r ICAN M ATHEMATICA l S OCIET y November 2007 • Volume 190 • EDITED Number BY 888 (first of 3 numbers) • ISSN 0065-9266

david W. boyd Susanne C. brenner Volume 52, Number 9, Pages 1001–1168, October 2005 daniela Calvetti Notices are a donation from AMS reinvigorate and expand its book Zhiming Chen Americanbernardo Mathematical Cockburn Society 1935, , Fermat's last Arjeh M. Cohen Harry S. Vandiver 1988 ronald F. A. Cools Jean-Marc Couveignes ricardo G. duran members to the community of program. In the past twenty years Ivan P. Gavrilyuk theorem and related topics in number theory vivette Girault Ernst Hairer 2-Color Cover: This Plate PMS 296-Blue (Preprinted) This Plate PMS 195 (Maroon) 384 pages • Spine: 3/4 inch • 50 lbFred paper J. Hickernell • softcover John McKay Francis J. Narcowich mathematicians. it has added series (Graduate Marian Neamtu Stanley Osher renate Scheidler Christoph Schwab 1937, , Continuous Jie Shen John von Neumann Igor E. Shparlinski Books have developed more Studies, Student Math Library) Chi-Wang Shu, Managing Editor Chris Smyth Michael E. Stillman geometry daniel b. Szyld Riverwalk,denis Talay San Antonio, TX — Site of the 2006 Joint Meetings slowly than journals. The oldest and increased every part of the Tao Tang (see page 1104) Paul y. Tseng Hans volkmer Jinchao Xu

PrOvIdENCE, rHOdE ISlANd USA Trim: 8.25" x 10.75" 167 pages on 40 lb Cougar Opaque • Spine: 1/4" • Print Cover on 9pt Carolina series, Colloquium, began as a program from acquisitions to ISSN 0025-5718 Available electronically at www.ams.org/mcom/

American Mathematical Society Mathematical Surveys HISTORY OF Colloquium Publications and MATHEMATICS Monographs Volume 24 Volume 25 A HISTORY Volume 110 COLLECTED PAPERS OF The Ricci Flow: OF ANALYSIS AMS Book Series An Introduction JOHN Hans Niels Jahnke Lattice MILNOR Editor Bennett Chow Theory Dan Knopf III Colloquium (1905)

Garrett Birkhoff Differential Topology Mathematical Surveys and Monographs (1943)

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F OU 88 NDED 18 International Press History of Mathematics (1988) STUDENT MATHEMATICAL LIBRARY University VOLUME 6 LECTURE Algebraic The Prime Series Curves and Numbers University Lecture Series (1989) Volume 9 and Their Riemann Surfaces Distribution Lectures on the Gérald Tenenbaum Mathematical World (1991) Michel Mèndes France Arthur-Selberg Rick Miranda Trace Formula Graduate Studies in Mathematics (1993)

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American Mathematical Society

STATE OF THE AMS

marketing. Book publishing is a complicated business, written by almost half a million authors and published in however, and it grows over decades, not months. It has over 1,800 journals. Math Reviews has grown up. taken these twenty years to expand the program to its One feature of Math Reviews relies on sixty-eight years present state, and it is poised to expand much further in of effort, which at one time may have seemed frivolous: For the future. its entire existence, the staff at Math Reviews has identified Mathematical Reviews is in many ways the most impor- each author of each article, sometimes doing detective tant single publication of the Society. When it was started by work that might even require making phone calls. As a Otto Neugebauer in 1940, it was a relatively small operation, consequence, the database has a unique identifier for each patterned on Zentralblatt, for which Neugebauer had been author, and one can do many things (for example, call up editor. (When Zentralblatt fell under the influence of the all papers by a particular author) that would be hard to do Nazi regime, Neugebauer fled to the United States.) Math without author identification. This has become ever more Reviews was run from an office at Brown University using important in an electronic age, when tools such as Google a staff of four people. In its first year of operation (1940), return tens of thousands of results and find it particularly it had 350 reviewers and published 400 pages containing hard to differentiate between many people with the same 2,120 reviews. name. The Future Number of Items Added to MR Database 1940 –2006 Looking back over the history 90000 of the AMS, it’s hard to miss the 80000 irony: The AMS was founded by graduate students who wanted 70000 to communicate the excitement 60000 and vitality of mathematics to one another; 120 years later, 50000 Items we are creating programs to 40000 communicate the excitement and vitality of mathematics to 30000 graduate students. To be sure, 20000 the Society has done many valuable things in the intervening 10000 years—meetings, publications, 0 programs, service, awareness, 1941 1946 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 and advocacy—and it has done all those things remarkably well. Year All these things partly accom- plished the original purpose of the Society. But in the past, the Math Reviews grew year by year, and by the 1970s it AMS sometimes viewed its mission far too narrowly and consisted of those giant orange volumes that one pored circumscribed mathematical research not only from the over in libraries, trying to find just the right reference in rest of science but from other parts of mathematics. what often took hours. Through remarkable foresight, the The Society has matured in the past few decades— Society began to computerize the data long before anyone embraced a broader vision of mathematics, accepted its had thought about a worldwide web. When the Web came responsibility for education, and taken on a larger role for into being, the AMS created an interface for that database, itself as a society. Much of what the AMS did for a century and MathSciNet was born in 1996. The online version laid the foundation for these changes, and perhaps it was of Math Reviews goes through an annual revision each good to grow in this way, slowly over time. year, with a new version appearing each September, and But it’s also good to come back to our roots. MathSciNet has become an indispensible tool for mathematicians around the world. To the original data we have —John Ewing added links to original articles (nearly a million of them), Executive Director links to retrodigitized material that has recently appeared, vast amounts of citation data (over 3 million citations), and many other tools that can be used to carry out search in seconds, where hours were previously required. Math Reviews now adds over 80,000 items each year, using more than 12,000 reviewers and a staff of over 70 people located in Ann Arbor. The database has more than 2.3 million items

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society TREASURER’S REPORT

I. Introduction Unrestricted net assets also increased at the end of 2007 due to the implementation of a new accounting pronouncement One of the most important duties of the related to the Society’s postretirement health benefit plan, in the treasurer is to lead the Board of Trustees amount of approximately $751,000. Under previous accounting in the oversight of financial activities of the rules, the amount required to be recorded as the liability for Society. This is done through close contact these benefits was not the accumulated plan benefit obligation with the executive staff of the Society, (APBO) as estimated by the plan’s actuary, as gains and losses review of internally generated financial reports, review of audited financial state- from plan amendments and/or actual experience being different ments, and direct contact with the Society’s from plan assumptions were required to be deferred and recog- independent auditors. Through these and nized in the annual benefit expense, and thus the liability, over other means, the Trustees gain an under- an appropriate period of time. Under the new accounting rules, John M. Franks, standing of the finances of the Society and these gains and losses are still recognized in the annual expense, AMS treasurer the important issues surrounding its finan- but the liability must be stated at the plan’s APBO as deter- cial reporting. The Report of the Treasurer is presented annually mined by its actuary. Accordingly, there was an entry directly and discusses the financial condition of the Society as of the in unrestricted net assets in 2007 to adopt the new rules and immediately preceding fiscal year-end and the results of its oper- adjust the liability to be equal to the APBO. For the Society, this ations for the year then ended. It contains summary information was a reduction in the recorded liability and an increase in net regarding the operating results and financial condition of the assets. In future years there will continue to be entries directly Society for 2007; a review of 2007 operations, containing more in unrestricted net assets which essentially reverse the effects of detailed information regarding the Society’s operations; and a the amortizations of the gains and losses that are included in the discussion of the assets and liabilities of the Society. Finally, in annual expense, included in operating results. the last part of the Report, there are financial statements derived The Society’s net assets totaled $79,897,000 at December 31, principally from the Society’s audited financial statements, 2007. Of this amount $3,835,000 is permanently restricted, which present the balance sheet, statement of activities (akin to consisting of the original amount of donor-restricted gifts and an income statement in a for-profit organization), and informa- bequests received by the Society, as required under current tion regarding the Society’s invested funds. accounting and legal guidance; $1,909,000 is temporarily The Society segregates its net assets, and the activities that restricted by donor-imposed limitations that will lapse upon increase or decrease net assets, into three types. Unrestricted net the passage of time or the use of the asset for theirs intended assets are those that have no requirements as to their use placed purposes; $74,153,000 is unrestricted, of which $63,524,000 has on them by donors outside the Society. A substantial majority been designated by the Board of Trustees as reserved for specific of the Society’s net assets and activities are in this category. purposes in four distinct funds: the Economic Stabilization Fund Temporarily restricted net assets are those with donor-imposed (ESF), the Operations Support Fund (OSF), the Journal Archive restrictions or conditions that will lapse upon the passage of time Fund, and the Young Scholars Fund. The ESF’s purpose is to or the accomplishment of a specified purpose. Examples of the provide a source of cash in the event of a financial crisis. The Society’s temporarily restricted net assets and related activities Society’s Board of Trustees set the target at which to maintain include grant awards and the spendable income from prize the ESF at the sum of 75% of annual operating expenses plus and other income-restricted endowment funds. Permanently the current estimate of the postretirement health benefit plan’s restricted net assets are those that must be invested in perpetuity APBO. The OSF is used to provide operating income to the and are commonly referred to as endowment funds. The Society via the use of a spending rate, currently set by the Board accompanying financial information principally relates to the at 5%. At the end of each year, the ESF and OSF are rebalanced unrestricted net assets, as this category includes the operating so that the ESF is set at its target level. This was first done at the activities of the Society. end of 2006 under the new Board policy. The rebalancing at the Unrestricted revenues in excess of unrestricted expenses for end of 2006 and 2007 moved funds from the ESF to the OSF of the year ended December 31, 2007, resulted in an increase in approximately $13,032,000 and $1,117,000, respectively. The unrestricted net assets of approximately $5,105,000. Of this Journal Archive Fund was established by the Board to accumu- amount, operating activities provided approximately $2,685,000 late funds to be able to convert the Society’s journal data into and the return on the unrestricted portion of the long-term new formats that may be developed and become standard for investment portfolio totaled approximately $2,420,000. The the dissemination of information in future years. The Young overall return on the Society’s long-term investment portfolio Scholars Fund was established by the Board to supplement the was 5.4% in 2007 versus 13.6% in 2006. The problems with funds raised in the Epsilon true endowment fund, whose purpose subprime mortgage loans first came to light in August 2007 and is to support educational programs for young people interested have led to a significant contraction in lending and financial in mathematics. The remaining unrestricted net assets consist of difficulties for many banks and other financial institutions that $4,271,000 invested in fixed assets and undesignated net assets of continue in 2008. These and other matters are discussed in more $6,358,000. detail in the following sections.

10 TREASURER’S REPORT

II. Review of 2007 Operations As indicated in the graph to the right, the past five years have been very good years financially for the Society. The returns on long-term investments have been volatile over this period, with the average annual rate of return for Key Operating Results the five- and ten-year periods ending 30,000 December 31, 2007, at 12% and 6%, 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 respectively. These returns, net of spend- 25,000 able income, have helped the endowment funds (and the income they produce) keep 20,000 up with inflation. Since 2002 the Board of Trustees has appropriated investment income from the 15,000 OSF, as well as from those true endowment funds with income whose use is 10,000 unrestricted, to support operations. The total amounts of such appropriations that 5,000 5 have been included in operating revenue 2,68 are $1,007,069 in 2007, $899,630 in 2006, 0 $847,225 in 2005, $792,870 in 2004 and $865,696 in 2003. (5,000) This percentage relationship of operating income to total operating revenue (10,000) has shown much more stability in the Net Long-Term Operating Revenues Operating Expenses Investment Income Net Income most recent eleven years compared to the Operating Income first seventeen years, which is a positive financial indicator. General inflation is currently rising while investment returns are currently negative, so the larger of Operating Income as % of Revenue 20.0% these percentages in the last eleven years may not be seen again for some time. 14.2% 14.0%

11.0% Sales Trends 10.1% 10.5% 10.0% 8.4% 7.8% 8.7% 8.5% 8.0% 5.9% 6.7% 6.7% 6.9% 6.6% The graph on the following page shows 5.8% 6.7% 3.8% 4.0% sales trends from 1996 through 2007, 2.6% 2.8% first in historical dollars and second in 1.2% 0.0% constant dollars (using 2007 as the base -0.1% -1.8% year and adjusting other years for infla- -2.8% tion). The trends shown in historical dollars -10.0% above are in general mildly upward, and -11.9% this is partly due to pricing strategies that -14.1% -14.4% are intended to help counter the effects of inflation and attrition. When shown -20.0% in constant dollars below, most sources 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 of revenue are fairly flat or declining over this period. During the ten-year period from 1997 through 2007, the average annual inflation was 2.68%. During this same period, the Society’s average annual expense growth was 1.77%, indicating that the Society was

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society 11 TREASURER’S REPORT

able to keep its expense growth about 0.9% below Sales Trends - Historical Dollars the rate of inflation for each year in this time 12,000 period. This is indicative of the productivity gains experienced by the Society, due in large part to the 10,000 improvements in the computing industry which were adopted by the Society. At the same time, the average annual growth in revenue was 2.01%. 8,000 While the revenue growth did not keep up with inflation during this period, it was almost 25 basis points better than that of the expense growth rate. 6,000 This positive differential was achieved during the same period of time when price increases on journals and MR products were lowered (the DAF had 4,000 no price increase for one year), sectional meeting fees were held constant, and individual dues were frozen for two years. In constant dollar terms, 2,000 both revenues and expenses declined during this ten-year period by an average annual rate of 0 (0.53%) and (0.77%), respectively, in historical 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 dollars. If the Board had not appropriated investment income to support operations (commencing MR & Related Journals Books Individual Dues Institutional Dues All Other in 2002), there would have been a negative difference between the growth of expenses and revenues Sales Trends - Constant Dollars of 0.17% annually during this ten-year period 12,000 (expenses rising faster than revenues).

Mathematical Reviews 10,000 Total revenue from MR in its various forms increased from 2006 by approximately 3.2%. This 8,000 is due to price increases effective in 2007, net of attrition (which was minor overall). Subscribers to paper MR products continue to decrease each 6,000 year. Accordingly, the Society focuses its marketing efforts on its electronic delivery products, particu- 4,000 larly concentrating on working with consortia, where costs can be spread over a larger number of institutions. This has the effect of providing 2,000 the MR product line to a much wider audience than could afford it as individual institutions, as 0 well as protecting the current revenue stream for 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 future years. MR is currently financially healthy; MR & Related Journals Books Individual Dues Institutional Dues All Other however, as was seen in 2007, it is probably unrealistic to expect significant increases in sales revenue from additional subscribers. the bankruptcy of one subscription agent in 2003, and in 2004 Journals a subscription agent with significant market share required the The increase in journal revenues for 2007 provided only infusion of additional capital from investors in order to meet slightly more revenue than in 2006 due to the effects of attrition its obligations to subscribers and publishers. In early 2007 a in subscribers on an overall basis. While attrition had been less Korean subscription agent went into bankruptcy, but this caused than expected in the last few years, it picked up again in 2007. no economic harm to the Society. We have noticed signifi- Given the current economic environment and the pressures that cantly later payments from subscription agents for the 2008 will likely increase on academic institutions with these deterio- renewals, which could indicate cash flow problems for them. rating conditions, it is possible that attrition could accelerate in With the advent of electronically available content directly the next few years. The financial solvency of subscription agents from publishers, as well as a tarnishing of their industry in continues to be a worry to scholarly publishers. We experienced general from those who have taken subscribers’ money without

12 TREASURER’S REPORT

providing the related subscriptions due to financial difficulties in recent years, subscription American Mathematical Society Colloquium Publications agents are struggling to redefine themselves in the scholarly publications marketplace. Volume 55 Noncommutative Geometry, Books Quantum Fields and Motives

Book revenues increased by approximately $401,000, or slightly over 12%, in 2007 in Alain Connes historical dollars and by almost 8.6% in constant dollars. New titles produced totaled 100 Matilde Marcolli versus 110 budgeted for 2007 and 102 in 2006. Sales of new and backlist titles continue to strengthen, with backlist sales comprising 35% of total sales on a unit basis. Unit sales climbed to 86,394 from 73,928 in 2005, while revenue per book sold remained steady over this period. This indicates that increased sales are not coming at the cost of deeper discounts. The Society continues to work with distributors and continues to improve marketing efforts in order to keep the book program as healthy as possible. It will move to a new European distributor in the latter part of 2008, which is expected to give the book program significantly more visibility in this market.

Mathematical Surveys and Dues Monographs Volume 139 Algebraic Dues, the sum of individual and institutional, have shown a slight upward slope on Geometric Codes: the historical dollars chart and a flat or slightly decreasing line in constant dollars. A flat Basic constant dollar line is expected for institutional dues, as the number of members generally Notions Michael Tsfasman varies little from year to year and the dues rates have been set so that dues will increase at Serge Vla˘dut¸ Dmitry Nogin about the same level as inflation. There has been a decline in individual dues from their American Mathematical Society high in 1998. To date, the various programs implemented by the Society to improve its individual membership population have not been successful enough to overcome the steady erosion in members, and the annual dues increase has not maintained steady dues revenue in constant dollars. The table below shows the major expenses for 2005, 2006, and 2007 in thousands of dollars. There has not been much change from year to year in the types of expenses incurred by the Society, which is expected, as there have been no major changes in the way the Society operates. Operating expenses can also be associated with the various activities of the Society, and this is how our audited financial statements are presented (see Section 4). The Society has accounting systems in place to capture the identifiable direct costs of its publishing and member and professional services activities, as well as indirect costs associated with these two major functions. General and administrative costs are those that cannot be directly associated with either of its two main functions or any activity therein. The table on the next page is a summary presentation that matches the revenue and costs of the major activities of the Society derived directly from its audited financial statements.

Major Expense Categories 2005 2006 2007

Personnel costs $14,608 66% $15,471 67% $15,607 68% Building and equipment related 1,389 6% 1,359 6% 1,453 6% Postage 865 4% 904 4% 982 4% Outside printing, binding, and mailing 806 4% 876 4% 654 3% Travel: staff, volunteers, grant supported 972 4% 1,131 5% 735 3% All other expenses 3,557 16% 3,371 14% 3,400 16%

Total $22,197 100% $23,112 100% $22,831 100%

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society 13 TREASURER’S REPORT

2007 Operating Revenue and Expenses by Major Activity, in Thousands of Dollars

Revenue Expense Net

Publications: Mathematical Reviews $ 9,747 $ 6,116 $ 3,631 Providence publications (books, journals, etc.) 8,725 4,552 4,173 Publications indirect (customer services, marketing, distribution and warehousing, etc.) 2,908 (2,908) Total publications 18,472 13,576 4,896

Member and professional services: Services and outreach programs 1,320 3,350 (2,030) Grants, prizes, and awards 550 754 (204) Meetings 909 941 (32) Divisional indirect 555 (555) Governance 400 (400) Total before spendable income and dues revenue 2,779 6,000 (3,221) Spendable income from investments 918 918 Dues 2,290 2,290 Total member and professional services 5,987 6,000 (13) Other 1,056 57 999 General and administrative 3,197 (3,197) Total $ 25,515 $ 22,830 $ 2,685

Some points worth noting in the above presentation are that III. Assets and Liabilities the Mathematical Reviews activities and the Providence publi- So far, this report has dealt with revenues and expenditures that cations produce similar margins (in dollars) after identifiable affect unrestricted net assets. Another aspect of the Society's direct costs associated with these products. The indirect costs finances is what it owns and owes, or its assets and liabili- associated with the overall publishing activities of the Society ties, which are reported in the Balance Sheets. As discussed (taking orders, shipping and storing goods, marketing and sales previously, the Society’s net assets and activities that increase efforts, etc.) reduces this margin by 37%. If general and admin- or decrease net assets are classified as unrestricted, tempo- istrative costs were allocated to the publishing activities, this rarily restricted, or permanently restricted. A majority of the margin would be reduced even further. But there would still assets and liabilities detailed on the accompanying Balance be significant margin from Publications available to spend on Sheets constitute the unrestricted net assets. The permanently services and outreach activities. restricted net assets are supported by investments in the long- The member and professional services activities use resources term investment portfolio, and the temporarily restricted net of the Society, which are then supported, or “paid for”, by member assets are supported by investments in the long-term and short- dues, spendable income from reserve and endowment funds, term investment portfolios. The Market Value of Invested and the margin from publishing activities. While the various Funds shows the market value of each endowment and Board- activities in this functional area do have revenue streams, such designated (quasi-endowment) fund, including any reinvested as fees, grant support, prize fund spendable income, etc., the earnings. costs incurred by these activities are significantly greater than The Society's fiscal year is the calendar year and thus coin- the revenues generated. cides with the period covered by subscriptions and dues. Since

14 TREASURER’S REPORT

dues and subscriptions are generally received in advance, the Society reports a large balance of cash and short-term investments on its financial statements at year-end. Programs That Make This amounted to approximately $17,309,000 and $18,614,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The corresponding liability for the revenues received in advance a Difference – 2008 was approximately $12,336,000 and $12,908,000 at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The Society’s property and equipment include land, buildings and improvements, office furniture and equipment, and software. The Society also owns a small amount of transportation equipment. The land, buildings, and improvements include the Society’s Rhode Island headquarters, with buildings in Providence and Pawtucket, and the Mathematical Reviews offices in Ann Arbor. The largest part of the Society’s office equipment is its investment in computer facilities. Generally accepted accounting prin- ciples require that investments in property, plant, and equipment used for operations Summer Undergraduate Mathematics Science Research Institute be stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. It is likely that the value of the land and (SUMSRI) at Miami University, Oxford, OH. buildings owned by the Society is significantly greater than the net amount recorded as assets (approximately $4,271,000 at December 31, 2007). Capital additions increased from approximately $333,000 in 2006 to slightly over $752,000 in 2007 and are expected to be approximately $1,011,000 in 2008. Investments are being made in the Society’s facilities such as replacements to the heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment, roof replacement, renovations to working space, and upgrading its management software applications to current technology. An important feature to note on the Society’s balance sheet is that the Society owes no debt to third parties other than the normal liabilities incurred in operations, such as those owed to employees, vendors, and the deferred revenue for payments received in advance from members, subscribers, and other customers. This means that the Society owns all of its assets free and clear of any encumbrances, liens, or other types of impairments typically associated with debt. This is not expected to change despite the significant planned internal investments in the next few years and the deteriorating economic conditions. The Society’s endowment is managed under the “total return concept”. Under this Mathematics Summer Program in Research and Learning (Math SPIRAL), University of Maryland, College Park. management policy, income in excess of a reasonable amount (set by the Board of Trustees) is reinvested and increases the value of the fund. This allows for growth in income over time, intended to maintain the “purchasing power” of the original gifts steady over the long term. As discussed previously, in 2002 the Board of Trustees established a policy of annually appropriating investment income from those true AMS Award for Exemplary endowment funds whose use of income is unrestricted and from the Operations Program or Achievement in Support Fund to support operations. The amount of such appropriations included in a Mathematics Department operating revenue is $1,007,069 and $899,630 in 2007 and 2006, respectively. IV. Summary Financial Information The following Balance Sheets and Statements of Activities are from the audited annual financial statements of the Society, and the Statement of Invested Funds is from the internal financial records of the Society. Each year the Audit Committee of the Board of Trustees meets with the Society’s auditors to review the conduct of the audit, the Society’s financial statements, and the auditors’ report on the financial statements. Pursuant to the recommendation of the Audit Committee, the Board of Trustees has accepted the audited financial statements. A copy of the Society’s audited financial statements, as submitted to the Trustees and the Council, will be sent from the Providence office to any member who requests it from the treasurer. The treasurer will Some students, graduates, and mentors in the University of Iowa be happy to answer any questions members may have regarding the financial affairs of Department of Mathematics. the Society.

Respectfully submitted, John M. Franks

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society 15 TREASURER’S REPORT

American Mathematical Society

Balance Sheets December 31, 2007 and 2006

Assets 2007 2006

Cash and cash equivalents $ 921,425 $ 1,518,285 Short-term investments 16,387,716 17,095,580 Receivables, less allowances of $260,000 and $250,000, respectively 1,409,424 1,607,714 Deferred prepublication costs 608,723 580,769 Completed books 1,153,060 1,060,636 Prepaid expenses and deposits 1,323,430 1,172,409 Land, buildings and equipment, less accumulated depreciation 4,270,952 3,734,674 Long-term investments 74,065,208 68,461,186

Total assets $100,139,938 $95,231,253

Liabilities and Net Assets Liabilities: Accounts payable $ 1,446,840 $ 1,534,995 Accrued expenses: Severance and study leave pay 1,213,114 1,147,066 Payroll, benefits, and other 1,167,720 994,608 Deferred revenue 12,335,892 12,907,692 Postretirement benefit obligation 4,079,327 4,706,688 Total liabilities 20,242,893 21,291,049 Net assets: Unrestricted 74,152,965 59,769,368 Temporarily restricted 1,908,841 1,794,484 Permanently restricted 3,835,239 3,473,711 Total net assets 79,897,045 65,037,563 Total liabilities and net assets $100,139,938 $84,704,245

16 STATETREASURER’S OF THE REPORT AMS

American Mathematical Society

Statements of Activities (in US$) Years Ended December 31, 2007 and 2006

Changes in unrestricted net assets: 2007 2006 Operating Revenue: Publication: Mathematical Reviews and related activities $ 9,747,337 $ 9,444,936 Journals (excluding MR) 4,481,903 4,407,455 Books 3,693,828 3,293,020 Sale of services 411,763 385,855 Other 137,369 142,632 Total publication revenue 18,472,200 17,673,898

Membership and professional services: Dues, services, and outreach 3,609,792 3,583,116 Grants, prizes, and awards 550,202 881,496 Investment earnings available for spending 917,949 819,630 Meetings 908,836 893,202

Total membership and 5,986,779 6,177,444 professional services revenue

Short-term investment income 895,022 756,686 Other 161,156 152,355

Total operating revenue 25,515,157 24,760,383

Operating Expenses: Publication: Mathematical Reviews and related activities 6,115,797 6,133,098 Journals (excluding MR) 1,351,788 1,293,764 Books 2,957,073 2,926,057 Publication—divisional indirect 955,416 805,909 Warehousing and distribution 889,903 857,274 Customer services 814,685 848,861 Marketing and sales 248,330 232,922 Sale of services 243,109 251,747

Total publication expense 13,576,101 13,349,632

(Continued)

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society 17 TREASURER’S REPORT

AMS Prize Winners Statements of Activities (continued)

2007 2006

Membership and professional services: Dues, services, and outreach $ 3,350,117 $ 3,539,475 Grants, prizes, and awards 754,103 1,190,011 Meetings 940,853 916,111 Governance 400,390 417,497 Neil Trudinger Endre Szemerédi George Lusztig Divisional indirect 554,806 441,759

Total membership and professional 6,000,269 6,504,853 services expense

Other 57,384 142,711 General and administrative 3,196,735 3,114,916 Total operating expenses 22,830,489 23,112,112

Excess of operating revenue J. Brian Conrey Shlomo Hoory Nathan Linial over operating expenses 2,684,668 1,648,271 Long-term investment return in excess of investment earnings available for spending 2,420,182 6,879,748 Effect of adoption of SFAS 158 750,728 __

Change in unrestricted net assets 5,855,578 8,528,019

Changes in temporarily restricted net assets: Avi Wigderson Nathan Kaplan Manjul Bhargava Contributions and grants 53,952 52,971 Long-term investment income (loss) 200,215 420,472 Net assets released from restrictions (310,704) (302,549) Neil Trudinger Leroy P. Steele Prize for Mathematical Exposition Change in temporarily restricted net assets (56,537) 170,894

Endre Szemerédi Leroy P. Steele Prize for Change in permanently restricted Seminal Contribution to Mathematical Research net assets—Contributions 157,800 203,728

George Lusztig Leroy P. Steele Prize for Change in net assets 5,956,841 8,902,641 Lifetime Achievement Net assets, beginning of year 73,940,204 65,037,563

J. Brian Conrey Levi L. Conant Prize Net assets, end of year $ 79,897,045 $ 73,940,204

Shlomo Hoory Levi L. Conant Prize

Nathan Linial Levi L. Conant Prize

Avi Wigderson Levi L. Conant Prize

Nathan Kaplan AMS-MAA-SIAM Frank and Brennie Morgan Prize for Outstanding Research in Mathematics by an Undergraduate Student Manjul Bhargava Frank Nelson Cole Prize in Number Theory

18 TREASURER’S REPORT

American Mathematical Society AMS Prize Winners Statements of Invested Funds As of December 31, 2007 and 2006 2007 2006 Original Market Market Gift(s) Value Value Endowment Funds: Prize Funds: Alberto Bressan Charles Fefferman Carlos Kenig Steele $ 145,009 $ 654,511 $ 647,897 Birkhoff 40,076 70,675 39,195 Veblen 2,000 13,372 13,237 Wiener 2,000 13,372 13,237 Bôcher 1,450 9,725 9,627 Conant 9,477 43,650 43,209 Cole 5,550 22,965 22,732 Satter 15,000 34,764 34,412 Enrico Bombieri Walter Gubler Hirosi Ooguri Morgan 25,000 47,502 47,022 Whiteman 63,468 71,837 71,111 Doob Book Prize 45,000 50,867 52,504 Robbins 40,500 46,719 47,719 Eisenbud 40,000 43,920 43,476 Arnold Ross Lectures 70,000 79,932 79,125 Trjitzinsky Scholarships 196,030 526,243 520,924 C.V. Newsom 100,000 244,885 242,410 Andrew Strominger Cumrun Vafa Herbert Clemens Centennial Fellowship 56,100 125,561 124,292 Menger 9,250 12,288 12,164 Ky Fan (China) 366,757 387,085 383,173 Epsilon 1,037,431 1,167,541 1,030,659

Total income 2,270,098 3,667,413 3,478,125 restricted funds

Endowment 100,240 805,476 797,059 Carl Bialik Morita 100,000 143,694 142,234 Henderson 548,223 4,316,561 4,272,703 Alberto Bressan Bôcher Memorial Prize Schoenfeld/Mitchell 573,447 809,829 801,601 Laha 189,309 273,133 270,358 Charles Fefferman Bôcher Memorial Prize Ritt 51,347 257,174 254,561 Carlos Kenig Bôcher Memorial Prize Moore 2,575 24,242 23,996 Enrico Bombieri Joseph L. Doob Prize Walter Gubler Joseph L. Doob Prize Total income 1,565,141 6,630,110 6,562,512 unrestricted funds Hirosi Ooguri Leonard Eisenbud Prize for Mathematics and Physics Total endowment funds $3,835,240 10,297,523 10,040,637 Andrew Strominger Leonard Eisenbud Prize for Mathematics and Physics Board-Restricted Funds: Cumrun Vafa Leonard Eisenbud Prize for Journal Archive 677,039 599,289 Mathematics and Physics Young Scholars 689,014 653,985 Herbert Clemens AMS Award for Distinguished Economic Stabilization (total) 21,326,742 21,302,648 Public Service Operations Support 40,830,813 35,571,266 Carl Bialik JPBM Communications Award Total Board-restricted funds 63,523,608 58,127,188 Total funds $73,821,130 $68,167,825

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society 19 CONTRIBUTIONS

Dear Friends and Colleagues,

During 2007 your generous support helped the Society and our profession in many ways. I thank each of you for that support. The Young Scholars program is in its eighth year, supporting summer workshops for talented high school students—the future of our profession. We are building an endowment, the Epsilon Fund, to support this program far into the future, and we hope to reach our goal of two million dollars over the next few years. Supporting such programs is important for mathematics. The Centennial Fellowships play a key role for outstanding young mathematicians at the formative stages of their careers, from three to twelve years beyond the degree. These fellowships are funded by contributions from mathematicians throughout the world. We use contributions to the General Fund to support all of our activities, The Texas State Honors Math Camp at Texas State including survey work, public awareness, and outreach to mathematicians in the University, San Marcos, was among the six math camps developing world. that received grants from the Society's Epsilon Fund in 2007. Your generosity allows the Society to carry out all these programs and shows that “I felt like I was the teacher and they (the counselors) mathematicians care deeply about our profession. Thank you for that expression were the students because they made us understand of caring. the proof well enough to explain it to them and tell why every step can be made.” —student at the Texas State University Honors Summer Math Camp

John H. Ewing

Thomas S. Fiske Society

The Executive Committee and Board of Trustees have established the Thomas S. Fiske Society to honor those who have made provisions for the AMS in their estate plans. For further information contact the Development Office at 800-321-4AMS or [email protected]. 2007–2008 Centennial Fellow Martin Kassabov Pedro B. Barquero Ramesh Gangolli Franklin P. Peterson Kathleen Baxter Sidney Glusman Moshe Rosenfeld Shirley and Gerald Rosalind Guaraldo Theda Salkind Bergum Yanguang Charles Li Margaret W. Taft Shirley Cashwell Joseph S. Mamelak B. A. Taylor Carl Faith Trevor McMinn Steven H. Weintraub Ky Fan Cathleen Synge Sally Whiteman Isidore Fleischer Morawetz

Bequests Received Ralph Mansfield

20 CONTRIBUTIONS

Gifts in Memory and Gifts in Honor The American Mathematical Society welcomes gifts made in memory or honor of members of the mathematical community or others. Unless directed toward a special fund or program, such gifts are used to support the general mission of the Society.

Gifts were made in memory of the following Irving Reiner by Irma M. Reiner individuals: David P. Robbins by Sheila Johnson Robbins Maurice Auslander by Bernice L. Auslander Gian-Carlo Rota by Norton Starr Ralph DeMarr by Moira Robertson Frederick Bodo Strauss by Delmar L. Boyer Casper Goffman by Eugene M. Friedman Rachel Shai-Aridor by Meir Shemesh Deborah Tepper Haimo by Carol-Ann Blackwood Kathryn B. Toll by Eugene Toll William J. LeVeque by Ellen Heiser Al Wilcox by Carol-Ann Blackwood Vincent O. McBrien by Joseph W. Paciorek Gifts were made in honor of the following Robert Payton by Burt J. Morse individuals: N. Tenney Peck by Emily Mann Peck Lenore Cowen by Margaret A. Readdy & Richard Eugene A. Pflumm by Mollie Pflumm Ehrenborg Everett Pitcher by Carol-Ann Blackwood D. Jacob Wildstrom by Susan Schwartz Wildstrom

Contributors to the AMS during 2007 * Donors who have given for three years consecutively. ε Donors who have given to the AMS Epsilon Fund, the endowment for the support of Young Scholars programs. The names of donors who have given $1,000 or more in a single year are affixed to a plaque that is prominently displayed in the Society’s headquarters.

PRESIDENT’S e* Samuel Murray e Murray Marvin e* Robert Bumcrot * John C. Fenley e Melvin Hochster ASSOCIATES Rankin III Stokely III e* Donald L. Burkholder e Aurino Ribeiro Filho e Samuel S. Holland Jr. * Norton Starr e Karen Uhlenbeck e Daniel M. Burns Jr. e Leib Finkelstein e* Tiao-Tiao Hsu (Gifts of $5,000 and above) e* Jean E. de Valpine e* Buck Ware e Arnold B. & e* Gerald B. Folland e* George W. Hukle e Karen Vogtmann & Anonymous (5) Dana K. Calica Robert S. Freeman e* Craig L. Huneke e* William Craig John Smillie L. Andrew Campbell e Christopher L. Frenzen e* Thomas W. Hungerford Estate of Sidney e* Steven H. Weintraub e James A. Carlson F. Brock Fuller * Franklin T. Iha Glusman PATRONS e* Susan Schwartz e Rohit K. Chatterjee e* William Fulton e Godfrey L. Isaacs e* Harry Lucas Jr. Wildstrom (Gifts of $100 and above) * Concordia C. Chen e* Joseph M. Gani e* I. Martin Isaacs * Jacques Neveu Anonymous (4) e* Richard C. Churchill e John B. Garnett e William H. Jaco e Oehmke Charitable e* Clarence M. Ablow e* Stuart Citrin e* Anthony A. Gioia Hervé M. Jacquet Fund e* William W. Adams e* Robert A. Clark e* Milton Alfred Glass e* John Antone Jaksich e Thomas R. Savage e* Irving Adler SPONSORS e William A. Clee * James G. Glimm e* Melvin F. Janowitz * Robert & Maria W. * Roy L. Adler (Gifts of $500 and above) Michael David Cochran e* Richard P. Goblirsch e* Eugene C. Johnsen Steinberg e* Alfred Aeppli e* Daniel I. A. Cohen e* Wilfred Martin e Norman W. Johnson e* J. Ralph Alexander Jr. M. Salah Baouendi & e* Donald B. Coleman Greenlee e* James H. Justice e* M. Kursheed Ali Linda Preiss Rothschild e* Peter S. Constantin e* Phillip A. Griffith e* Henry Price Kagey ASSOCIATES Bernard C. Anderson * Arielle & Jerald Brodkey e* Louis J. Cote e Gerhard E. Hahne e* Herbert M. Kamowitz (Gifts of $1,000 and above) e* George E. Andrews Philanthropic Fund e Lenore J. Cowen & e* Ruth M. Hailperin e* Julian R. Karelitz e* Kenneth I. Appel * Karl E. Byleen William Bogstad e R. Stanton Hales Jr. e* John F. Kellaher e* Richard D. Anderson e* Richard F. Arenstorf e* Paul Dana Cole Walter Craig & e* Mary-Elizabeth e* Harry Kesten e Felix E. Browder * James G. Arthur e Eugenia E. Fitzgerald Deirdre Haskell Hamstrom e John Killeen e* Nathaniel Chafee e Walter O. Augenstein e* Timothy & Laurie e* Stephen H. Crandall * James F. Hannan e* Allan M. Kirch e Richard A. Cleveland e Joel D. Avrin Francis-Wright e* Albert W. Currier e* Carsten Hansen e Jane & James Kister e John B. Conway e* Donald G. Babbitt e* Richard L. Gantos e* David Scott Cyphers – Matching gift from e* George H. Knightly e* John H. Ewing Theodore J. Barth * Andrew M. Gleason e* Everett C. Dade Microsoft Corp. e János Kollár Stephen P. Gill e* Hyman Bass e* Elizabeth Grossman & e Robert J. Daverman e David Harbater e* Antoni A. Kosinski e Ronald L. & Fan e Frances B. Bauer Joshua Boorstein * Ronald W. DeGray e* Joe T. Harris Jr. * Irwin Kra Chung Graham e* R. Michael Beals e* Bill Hassinger Jr. e* Guy M. De Primo e* Adam O’Neill e* Ralph M. Krause e* George F. Haddix e* Gerald E. & Shirley e* Joseph Kist e* Robert L. Devaney Hausknecht * Masatake Kuranishi * Carl E. Harrell Bergum e* Maria Margaret Klawe e* Charles E. Dickerson e* William S. Heck e* Gary J. Kurowski e* John M. Hosack e John J. Bircher e* Robert V. Kohn e* Gerald P. Dinneen e Ellen Heiser e Herbert Kurss * Phyllis & Donald Kahn * Joan S. Birman e Thomas G. Leness e Heinz Deitrich Doebner * Henry Helson e* Jeanne LaDuke Philanthropic Fund e* Richard L. Bishop e* William James Lewis James A. Donaldson e James P. Henniger e Jean Pierre Lafon * James E. Keisler e* Peter B. Bjorklund Ralph Mansfield e* Peter L. Duren e* James B. Herreshoff e* Richard G. Larson e Greg Kuperberg & Carol-Ann Blackwood e* James W. Maxwell e* John W. Duskin Jr. e Diane L. Herrmann & Richard K. Lashof Rena J. Zieve Nancy Cole Bluford Sheila Johnson Robbins e Clifford J. Earle Andy Carter e* George Laush e Peter D. Lax Delmar L. Boyer e Jacob T. Schwartz e Earl F. Ecklund Jr. e* Gerald A. Heuer e* Robert N. Leggett Jr. e* George F. Leger e* David M. Bressoud e* Joel H. Spencer Sylvan H. Eisman e* Gloria C. Hewitt Cecil E. Leith e* M. Susan Montgomery e John Bromback e* Ronald J. & Sharon M. e John M. Erdman Michael Hieb e* Joan R. Leitzel Emily Mann Peck * Robert L. Bryant Stern e Amassa C. Fauntleroy e William R. Hintzman e P. J. Lelong e Ivan P. Polonsky e* Stephen S. Bullock e* Arnold D. Feldman Jeff L. Hirst e* H. W. Lenstra

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society 21 CONTRIBUTIONS

e D. J. Lewis e Samuel Schechter e* Alan C. Adolphson e* Carlos Benítez e* Ralph Stevens Butcher e Ernest S. Croot III e Robert J. Lipshutz * Michael Schlessinger e Ilka Agricola e* Georgia Benkart e* Thomas R. Butts e Dylan de la Cruz * Albert T. Lundell e* Richard M. Schoen e* Tadashi Aikou e Lynn S. Bennethum e* Robert Lawrence * Donald L. Curlovic e* Russell D. Lyons Seymour Schuster e* Michael I. Aissen e Paul M. Bennett Byrom e* Philip C. Curtis Jr. John E. Mack e* Jerry D. Schuur e Michael Aizenman e* Gary D. Berg Luciano Caccianotti e Robert Turner Curtis e Yoshiaki Maeda e* George Seifert e* Ethan J. Akin e Steven B. Berger e Robert Calderbank e Raúl E. Curto e* Joseph S. Mamelak * Stuart A. Seligson e V. L. Albugues Alain e* George M. Bergman e M. Carme Calderer e Matthew W. Cushman Joseph F. Manogue e* Norman E. Sexauer e Yousef Alavi e* Leonard D. Berkovitz e James J. Callahan e Paolo Custodi e Stefano Marchiafava e Abdulalim A. Shabazz e* Michael O. Albertson * Salvatore D. Bernardi e James L. Calvert Marius Dadarlat e* Thomas J. Marlowe Jr. e* Freydoon Shahidi * Kenneth S. Alexander e* Joseph Bernstein e James C. Cantrell e John W. Dalida e Wallace S. e* Yuzi Shimizuike e* Roger K. Alexander e* Manuel P. Berriozábal e* Corrado Cardarelli e David B. Damiano Martindale III e* Goro Shimura e Stephanie B. Alexander e David S. Berry e* Jon F. Carlson e* James N. Damon e* David B. Massey e* William Ivan Shorter e* Gerald L. Alexanderson e George Berzsenyi Francis W. Carroll e* Martin P. Dana e* Jacob R. Matijevic e* Allan J. Silberger e* John S. Alin James S. Bethel e* David W. Carter e George Dassios Arthur P. Mattuck e* Charles C. Sims e* Anne H. Allen e Nicholas J. Bezak Paolo Casati e* Boris A. Datskovsky Raymond A. Mayer Jr. e* John R. Smart e William C. Allen III e Gautam Bharali e James R. Case * Donald M. Davis e Thomas L. McCoy Keith Paul Smith e John P. van Alstyne e* Meempat Bhaskaran e Phyllis J. Cassidy e* Martin D. Davis e* Brockway & e Louis Solomon Vrege Jolfai e Marilyn S. Bickel e Erio A. Castagnoli e* Paul L. Davis Audrey W. McMillan e Michael J. Sormani Amirkhanian * Klaus D. Bierstedt e* Afton H. Cayford e* Anthony T. Dean e* Bruce E. Meserve * Steven Robert Spencer e* Fredric Davis Ancel e David Samuel Bindel Thomas E. Cecil e Stephen M. DeBacker e Richard C. Metzler e* Ivar Stakgold e Douglas R. Anderson e* Terrence Paul Bisson e* Gulbank D. Chakerian e Henry F. Defrancesco * Ernest A. Michael Robert L. Stanley e* Joel H. Anderson e Jerome Blackman e Graham D. Chalmers e* Percy Alec Deift David Middleton Orestes N. Stavroudis e John D. Anderson e* Denis L. Blackmore Jack-Kang Chan e Frederik Michel e Stephen S. Miller e John R. Stock e* Michael T. Anderson * David E. Blair e Kit Chak Chan Dekking e Stephen Ames Mitchell * Tina H. Straley e* Susan Andima e* Paul E. Bland e Chao-Ping Chang e* Aristide Deleanu e* Cathleen S. Morawetz e* Richard W. Sullivan e* Peter P. Andre e* John D. Blanton e* Weita Chang e Filippo De Mari e* Larry J. Morley e* William J. Sweeney e Michael M. Anshel Don Blasius e Paul Jackson Channell e* Ralph E. DeMarr e Joseph R. Morris * Margaret W. Taft e Michael V. Anshelevich e* David S. Bloom e* Ruth M. Charney e Peter Der e Robert A. Morris – Matching gift from e* Peter H. Anspach e* Gebhard Böeckle e* Ronald J. Chase e* John E. Derwent e Burt J. Morse Oracle Corp. * Stuart S. Antman e* S. Elwood Bohn e Jeff Cheeger e* Charles A. Desoer * Ronald G. Mosier * B. A. & M. Lynn Taylor e* Myla M. Archer * Miklós Bóna e Dayue Chen * Dennis DeTurck e Thomas W. Mullikin e* Jean E. Taylor Susumu Ariki e* Francis Bonahon e Fen Chen e Emeric Deutsch e* Albert A. Mullin e Laurence R. Taylor e* Thomas E. Armstrong e Joseph E. Bonin * Kwan-Wei Chen Christopher Joseph John D. Nelligan e* James G. Timourian * Robert L. Arnberg e* William M. Boothby William A. Cherry De Vaney * Charles W. Neville Eugene Toll e Jonathan W. Aronson e* Rupert D. Boswell Jr. * Robert Chew Raoul A. De Villiers e* Peter E. Ney Mary Powderly Tong e Alfredo Arroyo e Djamel Bourbia e* Theodore S. Chihara e Paul F. J. Dhooghe e* Eugene D. Nichols e* Wolmer V. Vasconcelos Esperanza Blancaflor e* Aldridge K. Bousfield e* Jal R. Choksi e Anthony Diaco e Jean-Louis Nicolas Alfred G. Vassalotti Arugay e* Ward D. Bouwsma e* Charles C. Chouteau e Persi W. Diaconis * Paul J. Nikolai e John H. Walter e Richard A. Askey Charles P. Boyer Paromita Chowla e Odo Diekmann e* Nobuo Nobusawa e* Evelyn K. Wantland e Bernice L. Auslander e* Mike Boyle Chris Christensen Donna Dietz * John W. Norris * Frank W. Warner III e* Edward A. Azoff e* John S. Bradley e* William E. Christilles e* Charles R. Diminnie e Robert F. Olin e* William E. Warren e Sebastian Baader e* Richard C. Bradley e* Demetrios Christodou- e Theresa K. Dodds Donald S. & Shari e Alexander H. e Kiyoshi Baba e* Louis R. Bragg lou e Boro Doering Ornstein Weintraub e Allen H. Back e* Alberto Branciari * Philip T. Church e* Pierre E. Dolbeault e Robert Osserman e* Lloyd R. Welch e William G. Bade e Fred Brauer e* Kevin F. Clancey * Igor Dolgachev e* Scott C. Otermat Ellen Westheimer e* Richard J. Bagby * George U. Brauer e* Alfred Clark Jr. Joanne M. Dombrowski e* Joseph W. Paciorek e* Kathleen B. Whitehead e Edward D. Baker e Henry G. Bray e* Chester Dodge Clark e* James P. Donaly Hiram Paley e* Roger A. & Sylvia M. e Joni E. Baker John C. Breckenridge e Jeffrey W. Clark Robert S. Doran e Nicholas Passell Wiegand e Kirby A. Baker e Michael A. Breen e* Jack D. Clayton e* Jay Robert Dorfman e* Charles M. Patton * Ruth J. Williams & e* John T. Baldwin e Ralph J. Bremigan e* Philip A. Cobb e* Ronald G. Douglas e Peter A. Perry J. William Helton * Joseph A. Ball e* Richard P. Brent e* Alan Cobham e Karl Heinz Dovermann e Troels Petersen e Heinz-Wolfgang Keith Ball e* James G. Bridgeman e* John C. Cock e Martin J. Dowd e* Walter V. Petryshyn Wissner e William R. Ballard Robert C. Brigham e John Coffey e* Alex J. Dragt e* Mollie Pflumm e* Christopher J. Wolfe e* Carlo Bardaro * Judith E. Broadwin e* James Wesley Cogdell e* Ronald Lewis Drake e* Ilya Piatetski-Shapiro e* Scott A. Wolpert Claude W. Bardos e Edgar H. Brown Jr. e* Amy Cohen Alexander N. * Vera S. Pless * Jay A. Wood * Julio Edgardo Barety * Kenneth S. Brown e Donald L. Cohn Dranishnikov e* Aleksey Popelyukhin * Arthur Wouk * Bruce H. Barnes e* Robert F. Brown e Charles A. Cole e* Arthur A. Drisko e Philip Quartararo Jr. e* Tsu C. Wu * Jose Barros-Neto e Sharan Inez Brown e* George Cole e* Bruce K. Driver e* Paul H. Rabinowitz e* Tatsuhiko Yagasaki e Karl F. Barth e Andrew M. Bruckner e* Vincent E. Coll Jr. * Thomas L. Drucker James V. Ralston e* Masayuki Yamasaki e* Philip R. Bartick e Paulo Brumatti * Frank F. Connor Zbigniew C. Dudek e* Ravi K. Ramakrishna Ken-Ichi Yoshihara e* Alexander Barvinok e Jonathan W. Brundan e Bruce N. Cooperstein e* Krishan Lal Duggal e* M. M. Rao e* Allen D. Ziebur Jürgen O. Batt e* Robert R. Bruner * Thomas A. Cootz e* Steve N. Dulaney e Frank Raymond e* Paul F. Zweifel J. Thomas Beale e* Billy F. Bryant e* Arthur H. Copeland Jr. e* William Dart e* Marc A. Rieffel Anonymous (55) e Homer F. Bechtell e* Rebecca A. Buchanan e* Heinz O. Cordes Dunbar Jr. e Joel W. Robbin e* William A. Beck e* Nicholas P. Buchdahl e Steve A. Corning e* Loyal Durand Moira Robertson FRIENDS e David S. Becker e* Joseph T. Buckley * Thomas Carney e* Kanat Durgun e Charles D. Robinson * William H. Beckmann e Richard S. Bucy Corrigan e* Patrick Barry Eberlein e* Vijay K. Rohatgi (Gifts of less than $100) Eric D. Bedford e Royce E. Buehler Chris Cosner e* Allan L. Edmonds e* Guillermo Romero e* John A. Beekman e* Ioan Sebastian Buhai e James P. Cossey e* C. Henry Edwards e Johan F. Aarnes Melendez e* Robert Beig * J. P. Buhler Ovidiu Costin Robert D. Edwards e William Abikoff e Sharon Cutler Ross e Sarah-Marie Belcastro e Pierre Victor Bulens e* Malcolm A. Coulter e* William I. Eggers e* Thundiyil Samuel e Herman Rubin Harold Bell * Daniel Willis Bump e Marion Lonnie Cox e Gertrude Ehrlich Abraham Dorothy S. Rutledge e* Steven R. Bell e* Almut Burchard e* Petru Teodor e* Stanley Mamour e* William P. Abrams e* David Ryeburn e* Wolfgang Bell IV * Krzysztof Burdzy Craciunas Einstein-Matthews e Norbert A’Campo e* Jeffrey R. Sachs e David P. Bellamy e* James E. Burke e Jessica Marguerite e* Elmer Eisner e Robert D. M. Accola e* Habib Salehi e* Katalin A. Bencsáth e Mitchell Burman Craig e Alexander S. Elder e Colin C. Adams Murray M. Schacher e Julius S. Bendat e Stefan A. Burr e Bruce C. Crauder e* David Eliezer e* Iain T. A. C. Adamson * Paul T. Schaefer e Vaclav E. Benes e Claude W. Burrill e* Thomas M. Creese Jordan S. Ellenberg * Donors who have given for three years consecutively. ε Donors who have given to the AMS Epsilon Fund, the endowment for the support of Young Scholars programs.

22 CONTRIBUTIONS

e* Joanne Elliott e* Maurice Eugene e Shirley A. Hill e Jacob C. Joosten e Wei-Eihn Kuan e* Adolf Mader e Wade Ellis Jr. Gilmore e* Peter J. Hilton e* Virginia V. Jory e Franz Viktor Kuhlmann * Hironobu Maeda * Richard S. Elman e Anthony J. Giovannitti e* Nancy Hingston e Joseph Etienne Juarez e* Robert P. Kurshan * Mehran Mahdavi e Rod Elsdon Vladimir Gisin e Thomas E. Hinrichs e* Joaquim J. A. Judice e John F. Kurtzke Jr. e Kausik Kumar e Gérard G. Emch e* Samuel Gitler e* F. E. P. Hirzebruch e Winfried Just e* Ruishi Kuwabara Majumdar e* Thomas J. Emerson e* Earl C. Gladue e* Peter David Hislop e Manjunath Prasad K e* Nosup Kwak e Yury Makarychev e Jacob Engelhardt e Allen S. Gliniewicz * Chungwu Ho e* Jeffry N. Kahn Leong-Chuan Kwek e Athena Makroglou e* Jessie Ann Engle e* Raoul F. Gloden * Harry Hochstadt e Thomas Kailath Arnaud I. Lafonte e Joel Malard e* Hans P. Engler e* Kazimierz A. Goebel e* Scott H. Hochwald e Joji Kajiwara * Jeffrey C. Lagarias e* Peter Malcolmson * Philip G. Engstrom e Edray Herber Goins e* Jonathan P. E. Hodgson e* Yûichirô Kakihara e* Daniel Y. Lam e* Joseph Malkevitch e Mats Engwall e David Goldberg e* Helmut H. W. Hofer e Agnes M. Kalemaris e* John Patrick Lambert e Salvador Malo e Ahmet Eris e* Samuel Goldberg e* Michael E. Hoffman e* Diana Kalish * William A. Lampe e* David M. Malon e* Kumar Eswaran e* Seth I. Goldberg e* Tom Høholdt e N. J. Kalton e Clifton A. Lando J. J. Malone e* Leonard Evens Dorian Goldfeld * Harald R. A. Holmann e* Richard A. Kanner e* Peter S. Landweber e Pauline Mann-Nachbar e Edward R. Fadell e* William Mark Goldman * Charles S. Holmes e* Stanley Kaplan e William E. Lang * Edward Manougian e* Carl Faith e* Daniel A. Goldston e* Philip John Holmes e* Ioannis Karatzas Leo J. Lange e* Margaret O. Marchand * George F. Feeman e Martin Golubitsky e Raymond T. Hoobler e* Martin Lewis Karel e Carl E. Langenhop e* Eugene A. Margerum e Solomon Feferman e* José Luis Gómez Pardo e* Jean MacGregor Horn e Johan Karlsson e Heinz Langer * David E. Marker e Howard D. Fegan e* Kenneth R. Goodearl e Jim E. Hoste Guido Karrer e* David C. Lantz e* Charles Michel Marle e* Mark E. Feighn e* Roe W. Goodman e* James E. Householder e Victor J. Katz * Arnold Lapidus e* Murray Angus Marshall e Paul Feit e Carolyn S. Gordon e Everett W. Howe e* Arthur Kaufman e* Michel L. Lapidus e Ricardo Carlos Martini e Edgar A. Feldman * Yasuhiro Goto e Gary W. Howell e Eric Roger Kaufmann e* Peter A. Lappan Jr. Robert M. Mason e* Norman Feldman e Rainer Göttfert * J. S. Hsia e* Anthony J. Keeping e Lawrence J. Lardy e* Ronald M. Mathsen Dominique Fellah e* Kevin A. Grasse e Pao-sheng Hsu e* Edward L. Keller e Raphael Alexander e Yasuo Matsushita e Helaman Ferguson e* Larry K. Graves e* Archibald Perrin e* Wayne G. Kellner Laufer e* Stephen B. Maurer e* Ian M. Ferris e* Curtis Greene Hudgins John B. Kelly e* Lorraine D. Lavallee Charles N. Maxwell e Victor G. Feser e* Frederick P. Greenleaf e* Denise Huet e* John F. Kennison e* John W. Lawrence e John P. Mayberry e Gary A. Feuerbacher * Stanley J. Greif e Louie C. Huffman e Alec Norton Kercheval e Ruth Lawrence e Byron Leon McAllister Maurice C. Figueres Joshua David Griffin e Anne Hughes Robert P. Kertz e* H. Blaine Lawson Jr. * Michael J. McAsey e* David V. Finch e Rostislav Ivanovich e* Mark E. Huibregtse e* Efim Khalimsky e* Walter R. Lawson e Patricia Tulley McAuley e Benjamin Fine Grigorchuk e Gustavus E. Huige e* Dima Khavinson e* Robert F. Lax e John P. McCabe e David L. Finn * Helmut Groemer e* Birge K. Huisgen- * Michael K- H. Kiessling * Robert K. Lazarsfeld e Jon McCammond e William T. Fishback e Kenneth I. Gross Zimmermann e* Jun Kigami e* William G. Leavitt Karen McConaghy e* Benji N. Fisher e* Leonard Gross Paul D. Humke e Kazunori Kikuchi e George Ledin Jr. e Mark W. McConnell e* Uri Fixman e* Robert Andrew e* James E. Humphreys Chul Kim e* John M. Lee e Robert A. McCoy e Mary Elizabeth Flahive Grossman e* Karen C. Hunt e H-J Kimn e* Kotik K. Lee e* Marjorie Frost e Peter H. Fleischmann Gerd Grubb e* Paul M. Hunt Tatsuo Kimura e Shawn P. Legrand McCracken * Bernard A. Fleishman e* Rosalind J. Guaraldo Walker E. Hunt Wilfred M. Kincaid e* Gerald M. Leibowitz e O. Carruth McGehee e Wendell H. Fleming e* Victor W. Guillemin * Beryl E. Hunte e Brendan King e Suzanne Marie Lenhart e* William D. McIntosh e* Julie A. Fondurulia e Robert D. Gulliver II e* Marcel Hupperich e* Donald R. King e* James I. Lepowsky e* Thomas G. McKay e* Paul Fong e Susan C. Gurney e James F. Hurley e Walter W. Kirchherr e* Steven C. Leth e Robert W. McKelvey e* Robert A. Fontenot e Richard K. Guy e* Michael G. Hurley e Alexander A. Kirillov Sr. e* William J. LeVeque e* Lionel W. McKenzie e Joseph David France e Kwang Chul Ha e Taqdir Husain e* Ellen E. Kirkman e Edward L. Lever e James P. McKeon Theodore T. Frankel e Seymour Haber e* Jang C. Hwang e* Jan Kisyn´ski e Michael David Levy e* T. G. McLaughlin e* Simon John Fraser e Melvin N. Hack e* John Jew-Chen Hwang e Teruaki Kitano e* Andrew M. Lewis e* Robert F. e James H. Freeman e Petros Hadjicostas e* Tom Ilmanen e* Peter H. Kleban e* George M. Lewis McNaughton Jr. e* Peter J. Freyd e Lee O. Hagglund e Ettore Infante e Peter Klein e* H. L. Lewis e George Joseph e* Eugene M. Friedman e* Peter Hagis Jr. e* Hiroshi Inoue e* Bruce A. Kleiner e* Roger T. Lewis McNinch e* Merwyn M. Friedman e John A. Haight e* Arnold J. Insel e Israel Kleiner e* Frederick W. Leysieffer e* Robert C. McOwen e Béla András Frigyik e Mark Haiman * Ron Irving e Stanislav V. Klimenko Jaung Liang e* John C. Meakin e Daniel E. Frohardt e* Richard M. Hain e* Richard E. Isaac e* Julia Knight Richard Allan Libby e Alberto Medina e* Bent Fuglede e Andras Hajnal * Noburo Ishii e Alan P. Knoerr e Zvie Liberman e* David Meier e* Hisanori Fujita e Heini Halberstam Sahidul Islam e* Marvin I. Knopp * Stephen Lichtenbaum e* José M. R. Méndez- e Masatoshi Fukushima e Alfred W. Hales e Masanori Itai e Finn Faye Knudsen e* Elliott H. Lieb Pérez e William R. Fuller e* Robert Joseph Halk e* Masami Ito e Donald E. Knuth e Gary M. Lieberman e Bruce Mericle e John D. Fulton e* Brian C. Hall e* Noboru Ito e Donald I. Knutson e* Shen Lin e David M. Merriell e* Jeffry B. Fuqua e Wallace L. Hamilton * N. M. Ivochkina e Younhee Ko e* Peter A. Linnell e* Marvin V. Mielke e* Lisl Novak Gaal e* David Handel e* Eric Robert Jablow * Richard M. Koch e* Miriam A. Lipschutz- Kentaro Mikami e* Steven Allen Gabriel e* Beverly Bailey * William Burkley Jacob e* Yoshiharu Kohayakawa Yevick e* Ellen Rammelkamp * Andrei Gabrielov Hargraves e* Robert E. Jaffa Semen Koksal e* Sally Irene Lipsey Miller e* Marvin C. Gaer e Andrew William Harrell e* David M. James e Alice K. Kolakowska e* Robert D. Little e Haynes R. Miller e Joseph A. Gallian Bruno Harris e* Herbert Jarszick e R. J. Kolesar e* Ming Chit Liu e Jack M. Miller e Jean H. Gallier e Steven Guy Harris e* Trevor M. Jarvis e Ioannis Konstantinidis e Tsai-Sheng Liu * Kenneth S. Miller e Subramanian Ganesan e Edmund O. Harriss e* Charles H. Jepsen e* Ralph D. Kopperman e* George W. Lofquist e* Michael J. Miller * Howard Garland e Boris Hasselblatt e* David Jerison * Eric J. Kostelich e* Terry M. Lohrenz e* Russell G. Miller e Adriano M. Garsia e* David R. Hayes * Trygve Johnsen e* Adnah G. Kostenbauder e* Walter L. Lok e* Thomas Len Miller e Hillel Gauchman e Bruno Heintz e Bradford W. Johnson e P. Robert Kotiuga e* Charles J. Lombardo e* William David Miller * Lloyd A. Gavin e* Leo Hellerman e Charles N. Johnson e Alexander N. * John M. Long e* Kenneth C. Millett e Jean Raymond Genet e Simon Hellerstein Dale Martin Johnson Kozhevnikov e* William C. Lordan * Milton A. Mintz e Ross Geoghegan e J. Leo van Hemmen * David Lee Johnson e* Jurg Kramer e Warren S. Loud e* Norman D. Mirsky e* John C. Georgiou e* Francis McVey e* Donald G. Johnson e* Raymond F. Kramer Jr. e* Tsu-Ming Lu e* Michał Misiurewicz Hillel H. Gershenson Henderson e* Harold H. Johnson e Herbert C. Kranzer e* Jonathan D. Lubin e* Guido Mislin e* Murray Gerstenhaber e Carsten Hennig e* Jon L. Johnson e* Bernd Krauskopf e Thomas G. Lucas e* Theodore Mitchell e Abraham Gill e Douglas A. Hensley e* Kenneth David Johnson e Rick Kreminski Milan N. Lukic e William J. Mitchell e Richard M. Gillette * Christopher M. Herald e* Theodore D. Johnson e Alan M. Kriegsman e Norman Y. Luther e Lothrop Mittenthal e Jane P. Gilman e* Patricia Hersh e Eleanor Green Jones e* Gary R. Krumpholz e Thomas H. MacGregor e Hisao Mizumoto e Stephen R. Hilbert e* William B. Jones e Arthur H. Kruse e Moray S. Macphail e* Ismail J. Mohamed

* Donors who have given for three years consecutively. ε Donors who have given to the AMS Epsilon Fund, the endowment for the support of Young Scholars programs.

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society 23 CONTRIBUTIONS

e Hugh L. Montgomery e* Kyoo-Hong Park e* Robert J. Reynolds e* Charles Freund Kenneth Stephenson e* Justin Clement Walker e Richard W. e* George D. Parker e Bruce Reznick Schwartz e Peter J. Sternberg e* William Wallace Montgomery e Thomas H. Parker e* Martin G. Ribe * Gerald W. Schwarz e* Glenn H. Stevens e* John Thomas Walsh e* Barbara B. Moore e* Alberto Parmeggiani e* Richard S. Rich e* Willi Schwarz e T. Christine Stevens e Hans Ulrich Walther e* Hal G. Moore e* Walter R. Parry Norman J. Richert e Berthold Schweizer e* Paul K. Stockmeyer e Jay R. Walton e* Richard A. Moore e Bozenna Pasik-Duncan e* Eleanor G. Rieffel e* Peter Scott e William G. Stokes * Seth L. Warner e Robert Laurens Moore e* Henry J. Passerini e* Ronald Edgar Rietz e Ridgway Scott e* Lawrence D. Stone e* Bette L. Warren e* Alberto Cezar Moreira e* John J. Pastor e Robert D. Rigdon e* Warner Henry e Philip D. Straffin Arthur G. Wasserman e Marc Moreno Maza e* Leonid Pastur e Timothy Rupert Riley Harvey Scott III * Emil J. Straube e* Robert H. Wasserman e* Frank Morgan e Donald A. Patterson e* Jose Rio e Anthony Karel Seda e* Walter A. Strauss e* Shôji Watanabe * L. E. Morris e Nicholas J. Patterson e* Joseph B. Roberts e Annie Selden e* Gerhard O. Strohmer * William C. Waterhouse e David R. Morrison e* Walter M. Patterson III e* Lois J. Roberts e John Selden e Daniel W. Stubbs e* Mark E. Watkins * John A. Morrison e Lawrence E. Payne e Derek J. S. Robinson e* George B. Seligman e* Garrett James Stuck * Edward C. Waymire e John Morse Oscar Alfredo Paz la e Tom Roby e* Richard J. Shaker * Matthew Erik Suhr e* Cary H. Webb e* Joseph G. Moser Torre e Waldyr Alves e* Patrick Shanahan e* Kelly John Suman David L. Webb e Andrew P. Mullhaupt James M. Peek Rodrigues Jr. e* Priti Shankar e Kondagunta Glenn F. Webb e* Marvin G. Mundt e* Lambertus A. Peletier e David W. Roeder Michael Shapiro II Sundaresan e Hans F. Weinberger e James R. Munkres e* Richard P. Pembroke e* David E. Rohrlich * Henry Sharp Jr. Patrick Suppes e* Michael I. Weinstein e Jaime Muñoz Masqué e* John W. Pennisten e* Judith Roitman e Ken Shaw e Andrew V. Sutherland e* David M. Wells e R. Bradford Murphy * Alexander Perlin e Dale P. O. Rolfsen Meir Shemesh e* Roman Sznajder e Wolfgang L. Wendland * Takasi Nagahara e* Robert V. Perlis e* Josephine Jardin Zhongwei Shen e Earl J. Taft e Greg Wene e* Alexander Nagel e Sanford Perlman Romero John C. Shepherdson e* Kazuaki Taira e* John C. Wenger e Hirotada Naito * William L. Perry e Nicholas J. Rose e Michael Sherbon e* Lajos F. Takács e* Henry C. Wente e* Kuniaki Nakamitsu e* Justin R. Peters * Robert A. Rosenbaum e* Kenichi Shiraiwa e Olukayode Talabi e Elisabeth M. Werner e* Kazumi Nakano Christopher S. Peterson e David Rosenberg e Vladimir Shpilrain e* Hisao Tanaka e* John E. Wetzel e Makoto Namba e Elmor L. Peterson e* Jonathan M. Rosenberg e* Steven E. Shreve * Yoshihiro Tanaka e Brian Cabell White e Isaac Namioka e John W. Petro e* Gerald Rosenfeld e Stanley R. Shubsda Jr. e* Daniel Louis Tancreto e Neil L. White e John F. Nash Jr. e Carol K. Phillips-Bey e John Rosenknop e* David S. Shucker e Elliot A. Tanis e Andrew P. Whitman e* Joseph Neggers e Mark A. Pierson e Haskell P. Rosenthal e* Stuart J. Sidney e S. James Taylor e Kenneth G. Whyburn e* Csaba Nemethi e Jonathan Pila e Hugo Rossi e Martha J. Siegel e Yoshihiko Tazawa Volker Wihstutz e* Walter D. Neumann * Anand Pillay e Richard L. Roth e* Daniel S. Silver e Zachariah C. Teitler e* John F. Wilkinson e* Lee P. Neuwirth e* Steven Pincus e* Christel Rotthaus Eugene Silvester e* Paul M. Terwilliger e Susan Gayle Williams Ronald C. Newbill e* Mark A. Pinsky Cecil C. Rousseau e Patrick J. Sime e* Francisco Javier Thayer e* Charles K. Williamson e* Liviu I. Nicolaescu e Gilles Pisier James Rovnyak Anne-Marie Simon e Edward C. Thoele Richard E. Williamson e Lance W. Nielsen Loren D. Pitt e* Virginia G. Rovnyak e* Lloyd D. Simons e* Lawrence E. Thomas * Robert Lee Wilson e* Louis Nirenberg e Thane Earl Plambeck e Emilio O. Roxin e* Yakov G. Sinai e Peter J. Thomas * Eric J. Wingler e Togo Nishiura e Sergio Plaza e James Samuel Royer e Ajit Iqbal Singh e Robert J. Thompson Richard A. Winton e Zbigniew H. Nitecki * John C. Polking * Wimberly C. Royster e* Hardiv H. Situmeang e John A. Thorpe e* F. Wintrobe e* Virginia A. Noonburg e* Harriet S. Pollatsek e Daniel Ruberman e Man-Keung Siu e* Edward G. Thurber e Izaak Wirszup Rutger Noot John A. Poluikis * Robert J. Rubin e* Walter S. Sizer e Christophe Tollu e Bettina Wiskott e Eric A. Nordgren * Narahari Umanath * Joachim H. Rubinstein e Bryan A. Smith * Daniel B. J. Tomiuk e Edward Witten e Phil Novinger Prabhu e Alexei N. Rudakov e* Richard A. Smith e Andre Toom e Louis Witten e James D. Nulton Nirmala Prakash Wolfgang M. Ruess e Wayne Stewart Smith * Craig A. Tracy * James J. Woeppel e Kingsley Ifeanyi Stanley Preiser e* Bernard Russo e* Wilbur L. Smith e* Charles R. Traina e Katherine L. Nworah e Martin E. Price e* Alexander A. Rylov * Joel A. Smoller Andrejs E. Treibergs Willingham Woerner e* Serge Ochanine e* David S. Protas e* Cihan K. Saclioglu e William F. Smyth e* Selden Y. Trimble V * Stephen D. Wolthusen e* Mitsuyuki Ochiai e* Józef H. Przytycki e* Anthony Sacremento * Siavash H. Sohrab e Valerii Vladimirovich Sung-Sik Woo * Andrew M. Odlyzko e Loki Der Quaeler e* Takashi Sakai Alexander M. Soiguine Trofimov e Japheth L. M. Wood e Hajimu Ogawa e Francis Quayson e Toshio Sakata * Emilio del Solar-Petit e Gerard Tronel e* George V. Woodrow III e* Andrew P. Ogg e Michael F. Quinn e* Héctor N. Salas * David Robert Solomon e Kazô Tsuji e Bostwick F. Wyman * Yong-Geun Oh e* Adbeel N. Quiñones Salim W. Salem e Boris Solomyak e Yasuyuki Tsukui e* Zhen Xiang Xiong e Jack E. Ohm e* Cary Baker Rader e Luis C. Salinas e Abdissa Tiruneh Sonka e* Johan Tysk e Yasuko Yamazaki e Haruto Ohta e* Louis B. Rall Thomas S. Salisbury e* Linda R. Sons e Douglas L. Ulmer e* Michael Yanowitch e Rika Okamoto e* Melapalayam S. e Paul J. Sally Jr. John J. Sopka e* Tomio Umeda e* Fawzi M. Yaqub Loren D. Olson Ramanujan * Laurent Saloff-Coste e* Birgit Speh * Michael Ungs e* Suresh Yegnashankaran e* Paul D. Olson e Arlan B. Ramsay e Daniel Saltz e* Dennis Spellman e Harald Upmeier e* J. Michael Yohe e Frank W. J. Olver * R. Michael Range e Jose Luis Sanchez e* Stephen E. Spielberg e* John A. W. Upton e Hisashi Yokota e Peter J. Olver e* Salvatore Rao Palacio e Emily H. Sprague e Shukhrat M. Usmanov e Génjí Yóshínó e* Philip J. O’Neil e Louise Arakelian e Oscar Adolfo e* Richard H. Squire e Colleen A. Vachuska e* Donald F. Young Barrett O’Neill Raphael Sanchez-Valenzuela e Anand Sridharan e Stephen Vági e Roy Young * Yoshitsugu Oono e Wayne Mark Raskind e* Robert W. Sanders Aravamuthan e* Juan Luis Valle e Vadim Yurinsky e Edward T. Ordman e S. W. Rayment * Angel San Miguel Srinivasan Johannes A. e* Radu Zaharopol e* Peter P. Orlik e Margaret A. Readdy & e* Donald E. Sarason e* Ram P. Srivastav Van Casteren e* Jean-Claude Zambrini * Kent Orr Richard Ehrenborg e* Hiroki Sato e Olaf P. Stackelberg e Charles L. Vanden e* François Zara e* Mason S. Osborne e* Maxwell O. Reade e* Takakazu Satoh e Ross E. Staffeldt Eynden e* Thomas Zaslavsky e Donal B. O’Shea * Douglas C. Reber e William G. Saunders e* Friedemann W. Anatoly M. Vershik e Jose Zero e* Steve G. Oslon e* Don Redmond * Stanley A. Sawyer Stallmann e James A. G. Vickers e* David E. Zitarelli e* James M. Osterburg * Christopher L. Reedy e Juan Jorge Schäffer e William L. Stamey Charles I. Vinsonhaler Paul Zorn e James C. Owings Jr. e* David E. Reese e* Doris W. e* Paul H. Stanford e* Michael Voichick e* Steven M. Zucker e* Istvan Ozsvath e* Ernestine Reeves-Hicks Schattschneider e* Lee James Stanley e* Dan-Virgil Voiculescu e* John A. Zweibel e Judith A. Packer e* Eugenio Regazzini * Gideon Schechtman e* Richard P. Stanley Paul S. Voigt e Paul J. Zwier e* Jingyal Pak e Michael Reid e Ernest C. Schlesinger e Michael Starbird e* Paul A. Vojta Anonymous (295) e Fotios C. Paliogiannis e William H. Reid e Markus Schmidmeier e* Christopher W. Stark e* Hans W. Volkmer e* Diethard Ernst e* Irma M. Reiner e Thomas A. Schmidt e* Jim Stasheff e* Philip D. Wagreich Pallaschke e John H. Reinoehl Wolfgang M. Schmidt e Arthur Steger e* Jonathan M. Wahl e John H. Palmieri e* Robert B. Reisel e Bertram M. Schreiber e Sherman K. Stein e Sebastian Walcher e Taxiarchis Papakostas e Michael Bela Revesz * John Schue e David L. Stenson e* David B. Wales e Otway O. M. Pardee Francisco G. Reyes * George W. Schueller * Ellen M. Stenson e Homer F. Walker

* Donors who have given for three years consecutively. ε Donors who have given to the AMS Epsilon Fund, the endowment for the support of Young Scholars programs.

24 FACTS AND FIGURES

AMS FACTS AND FIGURES Financing: Publication sales, dues, contributions, Founded: 1888 in New York, New York endowments (restricted and unrestricted), investments, government grants, service contracts Incorporated: 1923 Budget: Approximately US$25 million Moved to Providence, Rhode Island: 1951 Meetings: One national, eight sectional, one or more joint Locations: Providence and Pawtucket, Rhode Island; international, and one or more conferences per year Washington, D.C.; Ann Arbor, Michigan Publications: First publication: Bulletin of the New York Membership: Over 32,000 individuals in 130 countries; Mathematical Society, 1891–1893 554 institutions worldwide Journals: Journal of Record - Notices of the AMS Organization: 8 original research journals Officers: Mathematicians elected by the 4 translation journals membership for terms of varying length Approximately 1,100 journal articles published Council: Formulates and administers matters annually dealing with scientific policy Books: over 100 new books published annually Executive Committee of the Council: President, Over 3,000 titles in print secretary, president-elect (in even-numbered years), Monographs and Proceedings in 30 active series immediate past president (in odd-numbered years), and four elected members who act on matters Mathematical Reviews: Founded 1940 delegated by the Council 2.3 million items in the MR database Board of Trustees: President, treasurer, associate Approximately 85,000 items added each year treasurer, and five members elected by the member- 1,800 journals covered ship who set fiscal policy Links to over 900,000 original articles Committees: Publications, Profession, Education, 470,000 authors indexed Science Policy, Meetings and Conferences, Prizes over 12,000 active reviewers and Awards, and others, totaling 108 The executive director (at Providence headquarters), Electronic Advances: appointed by and responsible to the Board of typesetting launched 1979 Trustees and Council, is the chief administrator of AMSFonts released for public use 1985 the Society AMS on ARPANET 1987 Employees: 211 MathSciNet online 1996 Divisions: Publications, Mathematical Reviews, Meetings All journals online 1996 and Professional Services, Washington Office, Finance and MathSciNet links to over 900,000 original articles Administration in 2007; additions ongoing

annual report, 2007–2008 american mathematical society CONTACT THE AMS

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