DOCSLIB.ORG

Thomas Ward Crowther

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Thomas Ward Crowther Thomas Ward Crowther Date of birth: 18 June 1986 Address: BIOSI 2, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Museum Ave., Cardiff, UK, CF10 3AX Email: [email protected] Academic Interests: Soil Ecology, Ecosystem Ecology, Global Change Ecology, Current: 2012-present: Postdoctoral Associate, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University. Advisor: Dr Mark Bradford. Higher Education: • 2004-2007 Cardiff University: B.Sc. (Hons) Zoology, Class I. • 2008-2011 Cardiff University: PhD in Ecology, supervised by Dr Hefin Jones, Prof. Lynne Boddy and Prof. John Morgan. Grants: • 2008-2011: Awarded a highly competitive NERC PhD studentship. Journal Editorial Boards • 2012-Present: Agricultural and Forest Entomology. Academic Awards: • September 2010: Anne Keymer Prize for the Best Student Talk at the British Ecological Society Annual Meeting in Leeds 2010 • May 2010: 1st Prize in both Cardiff School of Biosciences Student Oral & Poster Presentations • February 2011: Selected as a STEM Ambassador for Cardiff University Journal Reviewing Reviewer for: Ecology, Global Change Biology, Journal of Animal Ecology, Agricultural & Forest Entomology, Ecological Entomology, Functional Ecology, FEMS Microbiology Ecology and Fungal Ecology Recent Overseas Work: Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, Czech Republic • March 2010: Extracellular enzyme analysis of soil during decomposer interactions. Contributed data to a long-term study of factors affecting enzyme activities in soil. • October 2011: Used 454 Pyrosequencing and qPCR to determine microbial community compositions in soil during fungus-grazer interactions. Operation Wallacea Forest Conservation and Research, Honduras • July-August 2010: Employed to lead groups of university students on daily cloud forest habitat surveys. Presented lectures for school and university students. Teaching experience: • Undergraduate demonstrating in Cardiff University: ecology, entomology, mycology and field courses • Lectures on endemism, conservation and herpetofauna to undergraduate students in Honduras. Supervising experience • Co-supervised 33 Cardiff University undergraduate students on their Final Year Dissertation projects. Two of these have published their work in peer-review journals. • Co- supervised two MRes students in their dissertation projects. Recent International Presentations • September 2011, British Ecological Society: Functional consequences of grazing by soil invertebrates on saprotrophic fungi. • January 2012, Netherlands Institute for Ecology: Biotic and abiotic factors affecting the growth and functioning of saprotrophic basidiomycete fungi. Invited by Prof Wim van der Putten. Publications: Crowther T.W., Boddy, L. & Jones, T.H. (2011) Outcomes of fungal interaction are determined by soil invertebrate grazers. Ecology Letters 14, 1134-1142 Crowther, T.W., Jones, T.H., Boddy, L. & Baldrian, P. (2011) Invertebrate grazing determines enzyme production by basidiomycete fungi. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 43, 2060-2068 Crowther, T.W., Boddy, L. & Jones, T.H. (2011) Species-specific effects of soil fauna on fungal foraging and decomposition. Oecologia, 167, 535-545. Crowther, T.W., Jones, T.H. & Boddy, L. (2011) Species-specific effects of grazing invertebrates on mycelial emergence and growth from woody resources into soil. Fungal Ecology, 5, 333-341 Tordoff, G.M., Chamberlain, P.M., Crowther, T.W., Black,H.I.J., Jones, T. H., Stott, A. & Boddy, L. (2011). (2011) Invertebrate grazing affects nitrogen partitioning in the saprotrophic fungus Phanerochaete velutina. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 43, 2338-2346. Crowther & A’ Bear (2012) Impacts of grazing soil fauna on decomposer fungi are species- specific and density-dependent. Fungal Ecology 5, 277–281. Crowther, T.W., Littleboy, A., Jones, T.H. & Boddy, L. Collembola regulate fungal community responses to global climate change. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01364.x. Crowther, T.W., Jones, T.H. & Boddy, L. Interactions between cord-forming basidiomycetes and grazing soil invertebrates. Mycology in press. Crowther T.W., Boddy, L. & Jones, T.H. Functional consequences of grazing by soil invertebrates on saprotrophic fungi. ISME under review. Recent media attention Peacekeeping creatures help maintain woodland diversity (various sources including The Western Mail and Wales Online – 20/09/2011) Opening the ‘black box’ – do soils contain the solution to climate change mitigation? NERC Planet Earth Online article. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • BOOK NEWS Brewing Microbiology: Current Research, Omics And
    Brewing Microbiology: current research, omics and microbial ecology. Edited BOOK NEWS by Nicholas A. Bokulich and Charles W. Bamforth. 2017. Caister Academic Press, Norfolk. Pp. v + 331, figs. ISBN 978-1-910190-61-6 (pbk), 978-1-910190- 62-3 (ebk). Price US$ 319 or £ 159 (pbk or ebk). that prove to be imperfectly understood. chapter considers the evolution of brewing Knowledge of basic physiology has yeasts in both these two genera, especially improved, for example in relation to domestication and the characters associated effects of nitrogen, oxygen, and sugar with that which have diverged from those levels on growth, and the complex issue found in nature. In the case of traditional of factors controlling “quiescence” after beers, however, inoculations often rely cropping. The considerable stresses that on “back-slopping” or other non-critical yeasts undergo during brewing processes methods. It does, however, have to be are reviewed, including changes in alcohol understood that the particular strains in levels, pH, temperature, carbon dioxide use in major manufacturing plants are often and oxygen, and hyperosmotic stresses. closely guarded by the companies because Maintaining strain quality over time is of that information is commercially sensitive. vital importance in production to achieve As a result the available laboratory strains a consistent product, and best-practices for may not always be representative of those propagation, storage and rejuvenation are actually used. described. Also covered are the problems and Molecular phylogenetics has led to potentials of genetic manipulation of a clarification of ps ecies concepts, and brewing yeasts, and the contamination of the relationship between seven “natural” barley and malt by a surprising variety of species and hybrids used in production spoilage fungi that can lead to significant Genomics is having an enormous impact on or developed as contaminants.
    [Show full text]
  • Mycologist News
    MYCOLOGIST NEWS The newsletter of the British Mycological Society 2010 (1) Edited by Dr. Ian Singleton 2010 BMS Council Honorary Officers President: Prof. Lynne Boddy, University of Cardiff Vice President: Dr S. Skeates, Hampshire Vice President: Dr F. Davidson, University of Aberdeen President Elect: Prof. N. Magan, Cranfield University Treasurer: Prof. G. Gadd, University of Dundee General Secretary: None currently in position Publications Officer: Dr Pieter Van West Programme Officer: Dr S. Avery, University of Nottingham Education and Communication Officer: Dr P. S. Dyer, University of Nottingham Field Mycology Officer: Dr S. Skeates, Hampshire Membership Secretary: Dr J.I. Mitchell, University of Portsmouth Ordinary Members of Council Retiring 31.12.10 Dr. M. Fisher, Imperial College, London Dr. P Crittendon, University of Nottingham Dr. I Singleton, Newcastle University Dr. E. Landy, University of Southampton Retiring 31.12.11 Dr. D. Minter, CABI Biosciences Dr. D. Schafer, Whitchurch Prof. S. Buczacki, Stratford-on-Avon Ms D. Griffin, Worcester Retiring 31.12.12 Dr. Paul Kirk, CABI Biosciences Ms Carol Hobart, Sheffield University Dr. Richard Fortey, Henley-on-Thames Prof. Bruce Ing, Flintshire Co-opted Officers - Retiring 31.12.10 International Officer: Prof. A. J. Whalley, Liverpool John Moores University Public Relations Officer: Dr. M. Fisher, Imperial College, London Contacts BMS Administrator President: [email protected] British Mycological Society Treasurer: [email protected] City View House MycologistNews: [email protected] Union Street BMS Administrator: [email protected] Manchester M12 4JD BMS Membership: [email protected] Tel: +44 (0) 161 277 7638 / 7639 Fax: +44(0) 161 277 7634 2 From the Office Hello and Happy New Year to all Mycologist News readers.
    [Show full text]
  • September 2015
    Supplement to Mycologia Vol. 66(5) September 2015 Newsletter of the Mycological Society of America — In This Issue — Gender Balance in Mycology Articles Just like nature, science should be diverse. However, this is Gender Balance in Mycology rarely the case and there are still strong gender and ethnic biases Mysterious Nature of Fungi exhibit that target women and minorities. These groups are still faced with MSA Awards hurdles in their careers, and encounter unconscious and conscious Best presentations at the MSA Annual Meet- bias on the work floor on a daily basis (as exemplified by the ing remarks made recently by Tim Hunt, an English Nobel prize win- ning scientist; Radcliffe 2015). MSA Business Gender balance has been at the forefront of diversity concerns Executive Vice President’s Report and is in the news on a daily basis. The number of women obtain- 2015 Annual Reports ing science degrees has increased in the last 20 years, but this does 2015 Council Meeting Minutes not yet translate into an increase in women in decision-making 2015 Business Meeting Minutes positions. Furthermore, women who choose to stay in science still face inequalities in compensation, recognition and career develop- Mycological News Pictures from the MSA/BSA meeting ment (WISAT, 2012). The low-retention rates can only be counter- Thank you from Stamets acted with stronger efforts to maintain the currently balanced stu- dent gender ratios throughout the scientific workforce, starting at MSA Student Section the early career stages (President’s Council of Advisors on Science MSA Student Section logo and Technology, 2012, Moss-Racusin et al, 2012, Handelsman et al, 2005, United States National Academy of Sciences, 2007, Fungi in the News National Science Foundation, 2009).
    [Show full text]
  • John Webster (1925–2014)
    PERSONAL NEWS John Webster (1925–2014) The demise of John Webster, mycologist of Plant Infection brimmed with ideas enthusiasm for these fungi while on a extraordinaire, removes from our midst and concepts, John Webster’s book must trip to Ambleside in Scotland with John an esteemed colleague and friend whose be reckoned a down-to-earth text that to collect Ingoldian fungi in an effort to passion lay in teaching and experiment- brought to life fungi in their natural habi- lectotypify many of the species described ing with live specimens and collections tats and their relationships. by him. John arranged a caravan to take to the excitement of his students and col- Noting the importance and need for him and Ingold to collecting sites in Am- leagues. First and foremost, he was a teaching aids, John laid stress on deve- bleside. great teacher gifted with an extraordinary loping techniques and skills. He also pro- John’s interest in fungal biology later curiosity and passion to learn, experiment duced several films showing fungal on extended to studies on ballistics of and teach. He was unique in enthusing development and life cycles as part of spore discharge in basidiomycetes, in- many students into doing mycology in its teaching aids. Everything he did was spired by Reginald Buller’s classic Re- broadest sense at home and overseas. aimed at excellence in learning and searches on Fungi. Techniques of release John was born in Kirkby, Ashfield teaching towards making good mycology of spores into the air captured by high- (Nottinghamshire) on 25 May 1925, the and good mycologists.
    [Show full text]
  • The Developing Relationship Between the Study of Fungal Communities and Community Ecology Theory
    Fungal Ecology xxx (xxxx) xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Fungal Ecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/funeco Commentary The developing relationship between the study of fungal communities and community ecology theory Thomas D. Bruns Dept. Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States article info abstract Article history: Plant and animal systems had a head start of several decades in community ecology and have largely Received 30 October 2018 created the theoretical framework for the field. I argue that the lag in fungal community ecology was Received in revised form largely due to the microscopic nature of fungi that makes observing species and counting their numbers 28 November 2018 difficult. Thus the basic patterns of fungal occurrence were, until recently, largely invisible. With the Accepted 10 December 2018 development of molecular methods, especially high-throughput sequencing, fungal communities can Available online xxx now be “seen”, and the field has grown dramatically in response. The results of these studies have given Corresponding Editor: Lynne Boddy us unprecedented views of fungal communities in novel habitats and at broader scales. From these advances we now have the ability to see pattern, compare it to existing theory, and derive new hy- Index descriptors: potheses about the way communities are assembled, structured, and behave. But can fungal systems Competition contribute to the development of theory in the broader realm of community ecology? The answer to this Mutualisms question is yes! In fact fungal systems already have contributed, because in addition to many important Diversity-function natural fungal communities, fungi also offer exceptional experimental communities that allow one to Community assembly manipulate, control, isolate and test key mechanisms.
    [Show full text]
  • October 2010
    Supplement to Mycologia Vol. 61(5) October 2010 Newsletter of the Mycological Society of America — In This Issue — An Unexpected Pilgrimage Feature Article An Unexpected Pilgrimage Normally, a week-long collecting trip into the Great Smoky MSA Business Mountains with three good mycology friends would be enough Presidents Corner to satisfy any mycologist…….and it would have been in the case Secretary’s Report of two Illinois and two Wisconsin mycological forayers. But an The MSA 2009–2010 Official Roster Editor’s Note added event on the last day of the trip in early August, 2010, Mycological News made this trip an especially interesting and memorable one. Cecil Terence Ingold 1905-2010 The mycological contingent included three elders, Alan Studies of Fungal Biodiversity Parker (University of Wisconsin – Waukesha), Darrell Cox (re- in Northern Thailand tired, University of Illinois, Champaign/Urbana), and Harold All Points Bulletin for Synchytrium minutum Burdsall (retired, USDA - Forest Service, Madison, WI) and the The Ninth International Mycological host, Andrew Miller (Illinois Natural History Survey, Cham- Congress – Edinburgh 2010 paign). The three elders of the group were trained by D.P. A Chance Encounter at IMC9 International Society for Fungal Rogers (Parker, Cox) and R.P. Korf (Burdsall), both of whom Conservation provided extensive exposure to mycological history laced with XVI Congress of European Mycologists interesting tidbits regarding the historical figures. Among the Cyberliber Update most interesting of the stories were those of C.G. Lloyd because Complete set of Mycotaxon of his eccentricities. More on that later…. Mycologist’s Bookshelf This venture developed en route to the Smokys as we passed Common Microfungi of Costa Rica a fascinating road sign on Interstate 75 in Kentucky.
    [Show full text]
  • Myconews 2019: Editorials, News, Reports, Awards, Personalia, Book News, and Correspondence David L
    Hawksworth IMA Fungus (2019) 10:23 https://doi.org/10.1186/s43008-019-0024-4 IMA Fungus EDITORIAL Open Access MycoNews 2019: editorials, news, reports, awards, personalia, book news, and correspondence David L. Hawksworth1,2,3 Abstract This first instalment of MycoNews includes: an Editorial “Do we need more governance in taxonomy?”; reports of mycological meetings in Poland (18th Congress of European Mycologists), Iran (4th Iranian Mycological Congress) and Chile (1st Chilean Meeting of Mycology (I Encuentro Chileno de Micología); an award to Lynne Boddy; birthday greetings to Gro Gulden, Marja Härkönen, Gregoire Hennebert, Hannes Hertel, and Junta Sugiyama; tributes to the passing of Francisco Calogne, Stanley J. Hughes, and Jos Wessels; news of four mycological books and one on-line work published in 2019; and a special tribute to Stanley Hughes by Kris Pirozynski. Keywords: Book reviews, Fungi, Meeting reports, Nomenclature, Obituaries, Taxonomy, Tributes INTRODUCTION MycoNews is compiled by myself as Editor-in-Chief, IMA Fungus is the official journal of the International and to whom material for consideration for inclusion Mycological Association (IMA). Since it was launched at should be sent directly by e-mail, as should any that the 9th International Mycological Congress (IMC9) in might be suitable for the MycoLens and Nomenclature Edinburgh in 2010, each issue has carried not only original categories, or items of correspondence. Reports of new research papers, but news and material on diverse topics fungal genome sequences should be sent for assessment of interest or concern to mycologists worldwide: editorials of suitability to Senior Editor Brenda J. Wingfield, and which may be controversial, news relating particularly to books for possible coverage in the book news section to the work of the IMA, reports of international mycological me at Milford House, 10 The Mead, Ashtead, Surrey meetings, awards and honours received by mycologists, KT21 2LZ, UK.
    [Show full text]
  • Fungal Biology Reviews
    FUNGAL BIOLOGY REVIEWS AUTHOR INFORMATION PACK TABLE OF CONTENTS XXX . • Description p.1 • Impact Factor p.1 • Editorial Board p.1 • Guide for Authors p.3 ISSN: 1749-4613 DESCRIPTION . Fungal Biology Reviews is an international reviews journal, owned by the British Mycological Society. Its objective is to provide a forum for high quality review articles within fungal biology. It covers all fields of fungal biology, whether fundamental or applied, including fungal diversity, ecology, evolution, physiology and ecophysiology, biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology, cell biology, interactions (symbiosis, pathogenesis etc), environmental aspects, biotechnology and taxonomy. It considers aspects of all organisms historically or recently recognized as fungi, including lichen-fungi, microsporidia, oomycetes, slime moulds, stramenopiles, and yeasts. IMPACT FACTOR . 2020: 4.706 © Clarivate Analytics Journal Citation Reports 2021 EDITORIAL BOARD . Senior Editor Jan Dijksterhuis, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands Food Mycology; Cell biology; Microscopy; Fungal spores; Indoor fungi; Antimicrobial compounds; Fungal taxonomy Founding Editor Nick Read† Editorial Board Members Simon Avery, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom Control of food-spoilage fungi, Control of fungal pathogens, Fungal stress- and drug-resistance, Phenotypic heterogeneity, Mode-of-action Lynne Boddy, Cardiff University Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom Fungal ecology, Fungal community development, Mycelial
    [Show full text]
  • Outgrowth Patterns of Mycelial Cord-Forming Basidiomycetes from and Between Woody Resource Units in Soil
    Journal of’Generul Microbiology (1 986), 132, 203-2 1 I. Printed in Great Britain 203 Outgrowth Patterns of Mycelial Cord-forming Basidiomycetes from and between Woody Resource Units in Soil By CHRIS G. DOWSON,’ ALAN D. M. RAYNER**AND LYNNE BODDY* School of Biological Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK * Department of Microbiology, University College, Newport Road, Card@ CF2 ITA, UK (Received 24 May 198.5 :revised 4 September 1985) ~~~ ~~~ Wood blocks colonized by the basidiomycetes Hypholoma fasciculare and Phanerochaete velutina were placed in plastic trays containing moist unsterilized soil. Both fungi grew out radially from the inoculum blocks in the form of networks of mycelial cords. When a second, uncolonized wood block, or set of wood blocks, was provided as a ‘bait’ about 5cm from the inoculum block, marked changes in the form and growth characteristics of the mycelial network followed contact with the bait. These changes were influenced by the relative size of inoculum and bait and included inhibition of radial extension from the inoculum; stimulation of development of connective mycelium; directed growth responses to the bait; fan-shaped outgrowth with conserved polarity from the bait ; eventual regression of non-connective mycelium originating from the inoculum. These effects presumably reflect the capacity of the mycelium to behave as a co-ordinated unit and to economize on biomass when growing between discontinuously supplied resource units. INTRODUCTION Physiological studies of the growth of mycelial fungi have largely been made using artificial media in which nutrients are supplied homogeneously. These studies have given rise to the concept that fungal mycelia can be envisaged primarily as collections of independently growing and duplicating units (‘hyphal growth units’), each consisting of a hyphal tip together with an unspecified length of hypha (Trinci, 1978,1979).
    [Show full text]
  • Orca.Cf.Ac.Uk/100235
    This is an Open Access document downloaded from ORCA, Cardiff University's institutional repository: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/100235/ This is the author’s version of a work that was submitted to / accepted for publication. Citation for final published version: Boddy, Lynne and Hiscox, Jennifer 2016. Fungal ecology: principles and mechanisms of colonization and competition by saprotrophic fungi. Microbiology Spectrum 4 (6) , 0019. 10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0019-2016 file Publishers page: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0019-... <http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0019-2016> Please note: Changes made as a result of publishing processes such as copy-editing, formatting and page numbers may not be reflected in this version. For the definitive version of this publication, please refer to the published source. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite this paper. This version is being made available in accordance with publisher policies. See http://orca.cf.ac.uk/policies.html for usage policies. Copyright and moral rights for publications made available in ORCA are retained by the copyright holders. 1 Fungal ecology: principles and mechanisms of colonization and competition by saprotrophic 2 fungi. 3 Lynne Boddy and Jennifer Hiscox 4 School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK 5 6 SUMMARY 7 Decomposer fungi continually deplete the organic resources they inhabit, so successful colonisation of 8 new resources is a crucial part of their ecology. Colonisation success can be split into (1) the ability to 9 arrive at, gain entry into, and establish within a resource, and (2) the ability to persist within the 10 resource until reproduction and dissemination.
    [Show full text]
  • Mycologist News Special Edition
    Mycologist News Special Edition The British Mycological Society 2010 and Beyond: An international mycological network Editors Dr Ian Singleton and Professor Lynne Boddy Image: Living hyphae of Neurospora crassa imaged by confocal microscopy. Membranes have been stained with FM4-64 and nuclei labelled with H1- GFP. Provided by Patrick C. Hickey and Nick D. Read. BMS - One Aim – Three New Sections: FBR promoting fungal science FEO FMC Fungal Biology Research (FBR) Field Mycology and Conservation (FMC) Fungal Education and Outreach (FEO) Each section has its own objectives, budgets and activities Join and benefit from working together Introduction by the President promotes the importance of fungi at such events as horticultural shows and local festivals, and has frequently been amongst the medal winners in the continuing education sections of these events and the world famous Royal Horticultural Society Chelsea Flower Show (page 16). This year the Society has been involved with putting together a four month exhibition at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh along with an accompanying book (page 17). With the new BMS website we will be attempting to reach a global audience. Enjoy BMS President, Professor Lynne Boddy Lynne Boddy Professor of Mycology Cardiff University Over the last year or so the Society has had something of a “make-over”. We have reorganised the aGange AC, Gange EG, Sparks TH & Boddy L.(2007) BMS to reflect the ever-changing field of fungal Rapid and recent changes in fungal fruiting patterns. biology and research, to fulfil the needs of our diverse Science 316, 71. membership and to bring the fascinating world of fungi to as many people as possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Office Update - CONTENTS
    Office update - CONTENTS Dear Members, 1. Office update st Welcome to the 1 issue of the BMS Newsletter for 2020. 2. BMS Autumn Open Meeting 2020 An upcoming event in March 2020 is the chance to see the 3 – 7: Undergraduate Bursary Reports Fantastic Fungi Day screening in cinemas across the 8 – 11: UK Fungus day 2019 Bristol Report Country. To quote from the films advertising, 12. Prof Geoffrey M. Gadd Awarded the ‘On March 26th.2020, Fantastic Fungi Day is bringing the Mineralogical Society-Schlumberger Award fungal kingdom and all of its inspiration and beauty above 13 -14: Bucks Fungus Group, UK Fungus ground for a one-of-a-kind immersive conscious-shifting Day event 2019 Mushroom Magic 15. Fungi Corner & Field Mycology Award screening event that will interconnect global communities 16. BMS Field Events 2020 Booking Form as we mirror the wisdom of the underground mycelium 17. Field Meetings Booking Procedures network and connect with one another.’ 18. Generic Risk Assessment BMS Events 19. Obituaries: Dr Stan Hughes For further details go to the webpage at the link below. https://fantasticfungi.com/the-day/ A former BMS member, Dr Ricardo Galán, has asked us to inform the membership that due to his recent retirement, he is offering for sale his personal extensive library of articles, books (including classical) and reviews. Below are two links (same content, but different websites) to the titles and prices of the Inventory: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1xNwg-Vi3z7456T7u0jVYdPcEdLToRDsx?usp=sharing https://www.dropbox.com/sh/lk6xo81gjtm1v18/AACb2CnnV19QILMLcXV5-5e7a?dl=0 They’re available in .pdf and .xls, with general pictures.
    [Show full text]