DOCSLIB.ORG

Zion National Park Geologic Resources Evaluation Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Zion National Park Geologic Resources Evaluation Report National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Zion National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2006/014 Zion National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2006/014 Geologic Resources Division Natural Resource Program Center P.O. Box 25287 Denver, Colorado 80225 March 2006 U.S. Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientific community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. Natural Resource Reports are the designated medium for disseminating high priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. Examples of the diverse array of reports published in this series include vital signs monitoring plans; "how to" resource management papers; proceedings of resource management workshops or conferences; annual reports of resource programs or divisions of the Natural Resource Program Center; resource action plans; fact sheets; and regularly-published newsletters. Views and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect policies of the National Park Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the National Park Service. Printed copies of reports in these series may be produced in a limited quantity and they are only available as long as the supply lasts. This report is also available from the Geologic Resource Evaluation Program website (http://www2.nature.nps.gov/geology/inventory/gre_publications) on the internet, or by sending a request to the address on the back cover. Please cite this publication as: Graham, J. 2006. Zion National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report. Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2006/014 . National Park Service, Denver, Colorado. NPS D-259, March 2006 Table of Contents List of Figures .............................................................................................................. iv List of Tables ................................................................................................................ iv Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 2 Purpose of the Geologic Resource Evaluation Program ............................................................................................2 General Information and Regional Setting..................................................................................................................2 Park History................................................................................................................................................................2 General Geology ........................................................................................................................................................3 Geologic Issues............................................................................................................. 9 Landslides and Debris Flows......................................................................................................................................9 Earthquakes ...............................................................................................................................................................9 Volcanism.................................................................................................................................................................10 Soil ...........................................................................................................................................................................10 Impacts of Mineral Extraction ...................................................................................................................................10 Quaternary Studies...................................................................................................................................................10 Structural Geology Projects......................................................................................................................................11 Hydrogeology ...........................................................................................................................................................12 Hydrogeology Projects .............................................................................................................................................12 Paleontology and Palynology ...................................................................................................................................12 Diagenesis................................................................................................................................................................13 Identification of Type Sections..................................................................................................................................13 Geologic Features and Processes............................................................................. 17 Map Unit Properties .................................................................................................... 21 Map Unit Properties Table........................................................................................................................................23 Geologic History.......................................................................................................... 27 Tectonic History........................................................................................................................................................27 Depositional History..................................................................................................................................................28 References................................................................................................................... 36 Appendix A: Geologic Map Graphic .......................................................................... 39 Appendix B: Scoping Summary................................................................................. 41 Attachment 1: Geologic Resource Evaluation Products CD ZION Geologic Resource Evaluation Report iii List of Figures Figure 1. Location map of Zion National Park ................................................................................................................4 Figure 2. Location of Zion National Park on the Colorado Plateau ................................................................................5 Figure 3. Geologic cross-section of the Grand Staircase ...............................................................................................6 Figure 4. Sketch map showing major plateaus, terraces, cliff lines, and faults .............................................................7 Figure 5. Stratigraphic column for Zion National Park....................................................................................................8 Figure 6. The distribution of young basalts in southern Nevada and southern Utah ....................................................14 Figure 7. Locations of selected geologic sites in Zion..................................................................................................20 Figure 8. Geologic time scale.......................................................................................................................................33 Figure 9. Depositional environments represented by the strata in Zion National Park.................................................34 Figure 10. Location of the Cretaceous Period, Western Interior Seaway.....................................................................35 List of Tables Table 1. Quaternary research projects identified in the 1999 Workshop......................................................................15 Table 2. Potential research projects identified in the 1999 Workshop at Zion..............................................................16 iv NPS Geologic Resources Division Executive Summary This report has been developed to accompany the digital geologic map produced by Geologic Resource Evaluation staff for Zion National Park. It contains information relevant to resource management and scientific research. The spectacular cliffs, arches, spires, temples, and An abandoned uranium mine and three abandoned oil colorful strata of Zion National Park record changing wells within park boundaries may pose issues in the environmental conditions through 275 million years of future. Both types of operations may impact geologic time. Zion lies in a transition zone where the groundwater
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hexagonal Fracture Patterns on Navajo Sandstone Crossbeds at Yellow Knolls, Washington County
    Hexagonal Fracture Patterns On Navajo Sandstone Crossbeds At Yellow Knolls, Washington County David B. Loope Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska Lincoln, NE 68588-0340 [email protected] Utah Geosites 2019 Utah Geological Association Publication 48 M. Milligan, R.F. Biek, P. Inkenbrandt, and P. Nielsen, editors Cover Image: Southward-sloping crossbeds in the Navajo Sandstone at Yellow Knolls. M. Milligan, R.F. Biek, P. Inkenbrandt, and P. Nielsen, editors 2019 Utah Geological Association Publication 48 Presidents Message I have had the pleasure of working with many diff erent geologists from all around the world. As I have traveled around Utah for work and pleasure, many times I have observed vehicles parked alongside the road with many people climbing around an outcrop or walking up a trail in a canyon. Whether these people are from Utah or from another state or country, they all are quick to mention to me how wonderful our geology is here in Utah. Utah Geosites 2019 Utah is at the junction of several diff erent geological provinces. We have the Basin and Range to the west and the Central Utah Utah Geological Association Publication 48 Hingeline and Th rust Belt down the middle. Th e Uinta Mountains M. Milligan, R.F. Biek, P. Inkenbrandt, and P. Nielsen, editors have outcrops of some of the oldest sedimentary rock in Utah. Utah also has its share of young cinder cones and basaltic lava Utah Geosites showcases some of Utah’s spectacular geology, both fl ows, and ancient laccoliths, stratovolcanoes, and plutonic rocks. little-known localities and sites seen by visitors to Utah’s many Th e general public comes to Utah to experience our wonderful national and state parks and monuments.
    [Show full text]
  • UMNP Mountains Manual 2017
    Mountain Adventures Manual utahmasternaturalist.org June 2017 UMN/Manual/2017-03pr Welcome to Utah Master Naturalist! Utah Master Naturalist was developed to help you initiate or continue your own personal journey to increase your understanding of, and appreciation for, Utah’s amazing natural world. We will explore and learn aBout the major ecosystems of Utah, the plant and animal communities that depend upon those systems, and our role in shaping our past, in determining our future, and as stewards of the land. Utah Master Naturalist is a certification program developed By Utah State University Extension with the partnership of more than 25 other organizations in Utah. The mission of Utah Master Naturalist is to develop well-informed volunteers and professionals who provide education, outreach, and service promoting stewardship of natural resources within their communities. Our goal, then, is to assist you in assisting others to develop a greater appreciation and respect for Utah’s Beautiful natural world. “When we see the land as a community to which we belong, we may begin to use it with love and respect.” - Aldo Leopold Participating in a Utah Master Naturalist course provides each of us opportunities to learn not only from the instructors and guest speaKers, But also from each other. We each arrive at a Utah Master Naturalist course with our own rich collection of knowledge and experiences, and we have a unique opportunity to share that Knowledge with each other. This helps us learn and grow not just as individuals, but together as a group with the understanding that there is always more to learn, and more to share.
    [Show full text]
  • 2014 Utah State Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan 2014 Utah
    2014 Utah State Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan UTAH STATE PARKS Division of Utah State Parks and Recreation Planning Section 1594 West North Temple, Ste. 116 P.O. Box 146001 Salt Lake City, UT 84116-6001 (877) UT-PARKS stateparks.utah.gov State of Utah Figure 1. Public land ownership in Utah. ii 2014 SCORP ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The research and publication of the 2014 Utah State Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan (SCORP) is a product of a team effort. The Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Utah State Parks and Recreation, Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Utah Department of Transportation, Utah Division of Water Resources, Governor’s Office of Planning and Budget, National Park Service (Omaha Regional Office), U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Utah League of Cities and Towns, Utah Association of Counties, Utah Recreation and Parks Association, and others provided data, information, advice, recommendations, and encouragement. The 2014 Utah SCORP was completed under contract by BIO-WEST, Inc. (BIO-WEST), with survey work completed by Dan Jones & Associates. Key project contributors include Gary Armstrong, project manager for BIO-WEST, and David Howard, lead survey research associate for Dan Jones & Associates. Susan Zarekarizi of the Division of Utah State Parks and Recreation served as the overall project manager and provided contractor oversight. Additional staff contributing to the project include Sean Keenan of BIO-WEST, and Tyson Chapman and Kjersten Adams of Dan Jones & Associates. The 2014 Utah SCORP represents demand for future recreation facilities as identified in a series of public opinion surveys, special reports, park surveys, federal and local plans, technical reports, and other data.
    [Show full text]
  • Ron Blakey, Publications (Does Not Include Abstracts)
    Ron Blakey, Publications (does not include abstracts) The publications listed below were mainly produced during my tenure as a member of the Geology Department at Northern Arizona University. Those after 2009 represent ongoing research as Professor Emeritus. (PDF) – A PDF is available for this paper. Send me an email and I'll attach to return email Blakey, R.C., 1973, Stratigraphy and origin of the Moenkopi Formation of southeastern Utah: Mountain Geologist, vol. 10, no. 1, p. 1 17. Blakey, R.C., 1974, Stratigraphic and depositional analysis of the Moenkopi Formation, Southeastern Utah: Utah Geological Survey Bulletin 104, 81 p. Blakey, R.C., 1977, Petroliferous lithosomes in the Moenkopi Formation, Southern Utah: Utah Geology, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 67 84. Blakey, R.C., 1979, Oil impregnated carbonate rocks of the Timpoweap Member Moenkopi Formation, Hurricane Cliffs area, Utah and Arizona: Utah Geology, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 45 54. Blakey, R.C., 1979, Stratigraphy of the Supai Group (Pennsylvanian Permian), Mogollon Rim, Arizona: in Carboniferous Stratigraphy of the Grand Canyon Country, northern Arizona and southern Nevada, Field Trip No. 13, Ninth International Congress of Carboniferous Stratigraphy and Geology, p. 89 109. Blakey, R.C., 1979, Lower Permian stratigraphy of the southern Colorado Plateau: in Four Corners Geological Society, Guidebook to the Permian of the Colorado Plateau, p. 115 129. (PDF) Blakey, R.C., 1980, Pennsylvanian and Early Permian paleogeography, southern Colorado Plateau and vicinity: in Paleozoic Paleogeography of west central United States, Rocky Mountain Section, Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, p. 239 258. Blakey, R.C., Peterson, F., Caputo, M.V., Geesaman, R., and Voorhees, B., 1983, Paleogeography of Middle Jurassic continental, shoreline, and shallow marine sedimentation, southern Utah: Mesozoic PaleogeogÂraphy of west central United States, Rocky Mountain Section of Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists (Symposium), p.
    [Show full text]
  • Arizona Fishing Regulations 3 Fishing License Fees Getting Started
    2019 & 2020 Fishing Regulations for your boat for your boat See how much you could savegeico.com on boat | 1-800-865-4846insurance. | Local Offi ce geico.com | 1-800-865-4846 | Local Offi ce See how much you could save on boat insurance. Some discounts, coverages, payment plans and features are not available in all states or all GEICO companies. Boat and PWC coverages are underwritten by GEICO Marine Insurance Company. GEICO is a registered service mark of Government Employees Insurance Company, Washington, D.C. 20076; a Berkshire Hathaway Inc. subsidiary. TowBoatU.S. is the preferred towing service provider for GEICO Marine Insurance. The GEICO Gecko Image © 1999-2017. © 2017 GEICO AdPages2019.indd 2 12/4/2018 1:14:48 PM AdPages2019.indd 3 12/4/2018 1:17:19 PM Table of Contents Getting Started License Information and Fees ..........................................3 Douglas A. Ducey Governor Regulation Changes ...........................................................4 ARIZONA GAME AND FISH COMMISSION How to Use This Booklet ...................................................5 JAMES S. ZIELER, CHAIR — St. Johns ERIC S. SPARKS — Tucson General Statewide Fishing Regulations KURT R. DAVIS — Phoenix LELAND S. “BILL” BRAKE — Elgin Bag and Possession Limits ................................................6 JAMES R. AMMONS — Yuma Statewide Fishing Regulations ..........................................7 ARIZONA GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT Common Violations ...........................................................8 5000 W. Carefree Highway Live Baitfish
    [Show full text]
  • Relation of Sediment Load and Flood-Plain Formation to Climatic Variability, Paria River Drainage Basin, Utah and Arizona
    Relation of sediment load and flood-plain formation to climatic variability, Paria River drainage basin, Utah and Arizona JULIA B. GRAF U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 375 S. Euclid, Tucson, Arizona 85719 ROBERT H. WEBB U.S. Geological Survey, 1675 W. Anklam Road, Tucson, Arizona 85745 RICHARD HEREFORD U.S. Geological Survey, Geologic Division, 2255 North Gemini Drive, Flagstaff, Arizona 86001 ABSTRACT sediment load for a given discharge declined fill that rises 1-5 m above the modern channel abruptly in the early 1940s in the Colorado bed. Flood-plain deposits are present in all Suspended-sediment load, flow volume, River at Grand Canyon (Daines, 1949; Howard, major tributaries of the Paria River. The area of and flood characteristics of the Paria River 1960; Thomas and others, 1960; Hereford, flood plains is slightly greater than 20 km2, and were analyzed to determine their relation to 1987a). The decline in suspended-sediment sediment volume is estimated to be about 40 climate and flood-plain alluviation between loads has been attributed to improved land use million m3 (Hereford, 1987c). Typically, flood 1923 and 1986. Flood-plain alluviation began and conservation measures initiated in the 1930s plains are not present in first-order drainage ba- about 1940 at a time of decreasing magnitude (Hadley, 1977). A change in sediment-sampler sins but are present in basins of second and and frequency of floods in winter, summer, type and in methods of analysis have been higher order where the stream channel is uncon- and fall. No floods with stages high enough to discounted as causes for the observed decrease fined and crosses nonresistant bedrock forma- inundate the flood plain have occurred since (Daines, 1949; Thomas and others, 1960).
    [Show full text]
  • Antelope Island State Park International Dark Sky Park Designation Application Packet
    1 Antelope Island State Park International Dark Sky Park Designation Application Packet January 2017 Antelope Island State Park Night Sky Looking South by Dan Ransom Wendy A Wilson, Assistant Park Manager Antelope Island State Park 2 Table of Contents International Dark Sky Park Summary 3 Nomination Letter from Janet Muir, North Fork Park 5 Park Map 6 Park Resources 8 Ecology 8 Geological Resources 9 Human History 9 Natural Darkness Resources 10 Climate 13 Light Pollution 16 Night Sky Resources 18 Public Leadership Project 20 Visitor Experiences (Interpretive Programs and Outreach) 22 Exterior Light Management Plan 26 Exterior Lighting Inventory 32 Letters of Support Fred Hayes - Director, Division of Parks and Recreation 41 Jeremy Shaw - Manager, Antelope Island State Park 42 Steven Bates - Wildlife Biologist, Antelope Island State Park 43 Justina Parsons-Bernstein - Heritage , Interpretive and ADA Resources Manager 44 Davis County Commission 45 Syracuse City, Resolution 46 Ogden Astronomical Society 48 Friends of Antelope Island 49 Antelope Island State Park 3 Antelope Island State Park International Dark Sky Park Summary Antelope Island State Park seeks designation as an IDA Dark Sky Park and aims to show within this document that the land base, while flanked on the east side by the heavily populated Wasatch Front, meets the criteria for designation as a dark sky resource. Antelope Island State Park’s visitation in 2015 was over 320,000. The opportunity for public nighttime access is available on a regular basis, with entrance gates staying open until 10:00 pm during spring, summer and fall months, and until 7:00 pm during winter months.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Resources Development by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Utah
    DEVELOPMENT W&M U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS TC SOU TH PACIFIC DIVI SI O N 423 • A15 1977 Utah 1977 M ■ - z//>A ;^7 /WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT ec by THE U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS in UTAH JANUARY 1977 ADDRESS INQUIRIES TO DIVISION ENGINEER U.S. Army Engineer Division South Pacific Corps of Engineers 630 Sansome Street San Fransisco, California 94111 DISTRICT ENGINEER DISTRICT ENGINEER U.S. Army Engineer District U.S. Army Engineer District Los Angeles Corps of Engineers Sacramento Federal Building Corps of Engineers 300 North Los Angeles Street Federal and Courts Building Los Angeles, California 90012 (P.O. Box 2711 650 Capitol Mall Los Angeles, California 90053) Sacramento, California 95814 TO OUR READERS: Throughout history, water has played a dominant role in shaping the destinies of nations and entire civilizations. The early settlement and development of our country occurred along our coasts and water courses. The management of our land and water resources was the catalyst which enabled us to progress from a basically rural and agrarian economy to the urban and industrialized nation we are today. Since the General Survey Act of 1824, the US Army Corps of Engineers has played a vital role in the development and management of our national water resources. At the direction of Presidents and with Congressional authorization and funding, the Corps of Engineers has planned and executed major national programs for navigation, flood control, water supply, hydroelectric power, recreation and water conservation which have been responsive to the changing needs and demands of the American people for 152 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Sensitive Plant Species
    SENSITIVE PLANT SPECIES Barneby Woody Aster (Aster kingii var. barnebyana) Barneby’s woody aster is a member of the sunflower family (Asteraceae) and it grows from a well-developed taproot. There are persistent blackish or dark brown, old leaf bases at the base of the plant. The stems are short (3-12 cm long) and the herbage is covered with glandular hairs. The leaves are basal, 0.8-12 cm long, and oblanceolate to spatulate in shape with 1-10 pronounced teeth. Flowers occur in clusters of 1-5, standing 8-11 mm high. The inner bracts are often purplish and at least the outer tips are bent backward. The ray flowers are white, often fading to pale pink. This plant flowers between August and September. This species is found in mountain mahogany and oak communities on rock outcrops composed of Precambian quartzite. This endemic species of the Canyon Mountains in Millard and Juab Counties, Utah has been reported in 15 element occurrence records as of 2002 (Madsen 2002). These scattered occurrences indicate a total population of 600+ plants. The range of elevation is between 7,500 and 9640. Major associated species are Holodiscus dumosus (Mountain spray), Huechera rubescens (Red alumroot), Symphoricarpos oreophilus (Mountain snowberry), Quercus gambelii (Gambel’s oak), and Eriogonum brevicaule (Shortstem buckwheat) (Franklin 1990). To date there are 15 known occurrences of this species on the Fillmore Ranger District of the Fishlake National Forest (Franklin 1990). Plants are harbored from threats such as livestock grazing by their occurrence on steep rock outcrops. 40 Bicknell milkvetch (Astragalus consobrinus) The Bicknell milkvetch is a member of the pea family (Fabaceae).
    [Show full text]
  • STATE of UTAH DEPARTMENT of NATURAL RESOURCES Technical
    STATE OF UTAH DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Technical Publication No. 70 GROUND-WATER CONDITIONS IN THE UPPER VIRGIN RIVER AND KANAB CREEK BASINS AREA, UTAH, WITH EMPHASIS ON THE NAVAJO SANDSTONE by R. M. Cordova Hydrologist, U.S. Geological Survey Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with The Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights 1981 CONTENTS Page Conversion factors VI Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Purpose and scope of the study.................................... 2 Previous studies and acknowledgments 2 Data-site-numbering system........................................ 3 Location and general features of the study area 3 Physiography and drainage 3 Climate 6 CuI ture and economy 9 Geologic setting 9 General characteristics of the rocks 9 General geologic structure 11 Water resources 11 Precipitation 11 Surface water 13 Runoff 13 Chemical quality 13 Ground water 16 General conditions of occurrence 16 Unconsolidated-rock aquifers 17 Consolidated-rock aquifers 19 Hydrologic properties of aquifers 20 Recharge 27 Movement 28 Discharge 30 Seepage to streams 31 Evapotranspiration 31 Springs 33 Wells 35 Subsurface outflow 36 Storage 37 Chemical quality 41 General characteristics 41 Relation to use 47 Public supply 47 Irrigation supply 47 Temperature 49 Possible hydrologic effects of increased ground-water development 50 Interference with existing wells .......................•.......... 50 Shift of the ground-water divide 55 Reduction of streamflow 56 Effects on chemical quality of water 56 Summary and conclusions 57 References cited 59 Publications of the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights 78 III ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates are in pocket] Plate 1. Map showing selected geohydrologic information in the upper Virgin River basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Map of the Moriah Knoll Quadrangle, Northern Mohave County, Arizona
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Geologic map of the Moriah Knoll quadrangle, northern Mohave County, Arizona George H. Billingsley, Open-File Report 94-634 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. .S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, Arizona 1994 1 INTRODUCTION The Moriah Knoll 7.5' quadrangle is located in northern Mohave County, northwestern Arizona. The quadrangle is about 48 km south of the Arizona/Utah State line and about 56 km southwest of Colorado City, Arizona, the nearest settlement (fig. 1). Elevations range from about 1,426 m (4,680 ft) in the northwest corner of the quadrangle to 2,007 m (6,585 ft) at Berry Knoll in the south-central edge of the quadrangle. Access to the area is by improved dirt road locally referred to as the Temple Trail. The Temple Trail branches south from the Navajo Trail. The Navajo Trail extends to Colorado City, Arizona (fig. 1). Several unimproved dirt roads lead from the Temple Trail to various locations within the quadrangle area. Travel on the Temple Trail can be done with 2 wheel drive vehicles, all other roads require a high-clearance vehicle, or 4 wheel drive in wet weather. The area is managed by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, including about 4 sections belonging to the state of Arizona.
    [Show full text]
  • Executive Summary U.S
    Glen Canyon Dam Long-Term Experimental and Management Plan Environmental Impact Statement PUBLIC DRAFT Executive Summary U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation, Upper Colorado Region National Park Service, Intermountain Region December 2015 Cover photo credits: Title bar: Grand Canyon National Park Grand Canyon: Grand Canyon National Park Glen Canyon Dam: T.R. Reeve High-flow experimental release: T.R. Reeve Fisherman: T. Gunn Humpback chub: Arizona Game and Fish Department Rafters: Grand Canyon National Park Glen Canyon Dam Long-Term Experimental and Management Plan December 2015 Draft Environmental Impact Statement 1 CONTENTS 2 3 4 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................. vii 5 6 ES.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 1 7 ES.2 Proposed Federal Action ........................................................................................ 2 8 ES.2.1 Purpose of and Need for Action .............................................................. 2 9 ES.2.2 Objectives and Resource Goals of the LTEMP ....................................... 3 10 ES.3 Scope of the DEIS .................................................................................................. 6 11 ES.3.1 Affected Region and Resources .............................................................. 6 12 ES.3.2 Impact Topics Selected for Detailed Analysis ........................................ 6 13 ES.4
    [Show full text]