Getting from Vaccine Hesitancy to Acceptance
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Development of New Vaccines for Tuberculosis
August 21, 1998 / Vol. 47 / No. RR-13 TM Recommendations and Reports Development of New Vaccines for Tuberculosis Recommendations of the Advisory Council for the Elimination of Tuberculosis (ACET) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Atlanta, Georgia 30333 The MMWR series of publications is published by the Epidemiology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Department of Health and Hu- man Services, Atlanta, GA 30333. SUGGESTED CITATION Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Development of new vaccines for tu- berculosis: recommendations of the Advisory Council for the Elimination of Tuberculosis (ACET). MMWR 1998;47(No. RR-13):[inclusive page numbers]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention................................ Claire V. Broome, M.D. Acting Director The material in this report was prepared for publication by National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention ......... Helene D. Gayle, M.D., M.P.H. Director Division of Tuberculosis Elimination ...................................Kenneth G. Castro, M.D. Director The production of this report as an MMWR serial publication was coordinated in Epidemiology Program Office............................................Barbara R. Holloway, M.P.H. Acting Director Office of Scientific and Health Communications ......................John W. Ward, M.D. Director Editor, MMWR Series Recommendations and Reports................................... Suzanne M. Hewitt, M.P.A. Managing Editor Amanda Crowell Project Editor Morie M. Higgins Visual Information Specialist Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Copies can be purchased from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325. -
State of the World's Vaccines and Immunization
State of the world’s vaccines and immunization Third edition Suggested citation: WHO, UNICEF, World Bank. State of the world’s vaccines and immunization, 3rd ed. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2009. This book is dedicated to all those individuals who work tirelessly to improve and save lives through vaccines and immunization. WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data State of the world's vaccines and immunization. -- 3rd ed. 1.Immunization programs 2.Immunization 3.Vaccines 4.Biomedical research 5.Child 6.Infant 7.Interinstitutional relations 8.International cooperation 9.Developing countries I.World Health Organization. ISBN 978 92 4 156386 4 (NLM classification: WA 110) © World Health Organization 2009 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press, at the above address (fax: +41 22 791 4806; e-mail: [email protected]). The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention, or photographic illustration, of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. -
Systematic Scoping Review on Social Media Monitoring Methods and Interventions Relating to Vaccine Hesitancy
TECHNICAL REPORT Systematic scoping review on social media monitoring methods and interventions relating to vaccine hesitancy www.ecdc.europa.eu ECDC TECHNICAL REPORT Systematic scoping review on social media monitoring methods and interventions relating to vaccine hesitancy This report was commissioned by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and coordinated by Kate Olsson with the support of Judit Takács. The scoping review was performed by researchers from the Vaccine Confidence Project, at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (contract number ECD8894). Authors: Emilie Karafillakis, Clarissa Simas, Sam Martin, Sara Dada, Heidi Larson. Acknowledgements ECDC would like to acknowledge contributions to the project from the expert reviewers: Dan Arthus, University College London; Maged N Kamel Boulos, University of the Highlands and Islands, Sandra Alexiu, GP Association Bucharest and Franklin Apfel and Sabrina Cecconi, World Health Communication Associates. ECDC would also like to acknowledge ECDC colleagues who reviewed and contributed to the document: John Kinsman, Andrea Würz and Marybelle Stryk. Suggested citation: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Systematic scoping review on social media monitoring methods and interventions relating to vaccine hesitancy. Stockholm: ECDC; 2020. Stockholm, February 2020 ISBN 978-92-9498-452-4 doi: 10.2900/260624 Catalogue number TQ-04-20-076-EN-N © European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2020 Reproduction is authorised, provided the -
(COVID-19), Chemical Structure, Therapeutics, Drugs and Vaccines
Review Volume 12, Issue 1, 2022, 547 - 566 https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC121.547566 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), Chemical Structure, Therapeutics, Drugs and Vaccines Vesen Atiroğlu 1,2 , Atheer Atiroğlu 1,2 , Münteha Özsoy 2,3 , Mahmut Özacar 2,3,* 1 Sakarya University, Biomedical, Magnetic and Semiconductor Materials Application and Research Center (BIMAS-RC), 54187, Sakarya, Turkey 2 Sakarya University, Biomaterials, Energy, Photocatalysis, Enzyme Technology, Nano & Advanced Materials, Additive Manufacturing, Environmental Applications, and Sustainability Research & Development Group (BIOEℕAMS R&D Group), 54187 Sakarya, Turkey 3 Sakarya University, Science & Arts Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.O.); Scopus Author ID 6603796256 Received: 27.02.2021; Revised: 3.04.2021; Accepted: 6.04.2021; Published: 20.04.2021 Abstract: Biochemistry has the main role to play in understanding the structure of viral to develop techniques and materials used by clinicians, virologists, and researchers, as well as isolation of therapies and vaccines. Biochemistry helps to understand the molecules that manage virus structure and function can accelerate discovering means to treat and avoid infectious disease. The significant contributions of biochemistry are providing to understanding and monitoring the spread of coronaviruses. COVID-19 is a novel type of coronavirus influence humans and was recognized in 2019. The terms severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), 2019 novel coronavirus, and COVID-19 mention the same virus. All present medication choices are based on experience with MERS, SARS, and other new influenza viruses. Thus, it is essential to understand the virus structure and its clinical features to respond to the COVID-19 outbreak. -
The Exemplar
Click here if you are having trouble viewing this message. The Exemplar December 2020 Hi Friend, Health leaders around the world are currently facing one of the most significant challenges of their generation – distributing COVID-19 vaccines quickly, strategically, and equitably. That’s why in this edition of the Exemplars newsletter, we’re sharing some of our most actionable insights on how countries have improved vaccine distribution and acceptance. We begin with an article by Dr. Heidi Larson, Professor of Anthropology, Risk and Decision Science at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, and Director of The Vaccine Confidence Project, on her team’s new research on vaccine confidence. Dr. Larson looks at how the Philippines and Indonesia rebuilt public trust in vaccines specifically, and the health system more broadly, to improve vaccination rates and public health. We also share recent findings from our research in Peru, Bangladesh, and Rwanda on how these countries have succeeded in delivering vaccines to remote and vulnerable communities. In addition, Exemplars in Global Health research partners around the world are currently developing key lessons from Nepal, Senegal, and Zambia's success improving vaccine delivery. Sign up here to receive an email when that research is released early next year. This proved to be the perfect year for launching the Exemplars in Global Health program. We’ve been delighted by the response we’ve received so far. Please help us better serve the global health community by forwarding this newsletter to a contact or colleague who may not yet know about our work. And please let us know how we can do better or how we can help you through our services and research team. -
TB Vaccine R&D Roadmap Background Document
TB Vaccine R&D Roadmap Background Document Version: 4.0 Date: 10.12.2020 This document summarizes the state-of-the-art in research and development for new vaccines for tuberculosis (TB). It is meant as a background document for a TB Vaccine Research & Development Roadmap and support the various consultations that are being held as part of the process of its development.a This background document seeks to provide an overview of the TB vaccine development goals, the current vaccine R&D pipeline, issues in clinical development, (new) directions in discovery and preclinical research, and considerations about moving vaccine candidates through the pipeline. It is meant as a living document, that will be updated as the Roadmap development process goes along. It is not meant to be exhaustive but to provide the reader with sufficient background to understand the Roadmap’s considerations and recommendations. For more detail the reader is referred to a number of recent reviews on the topic 1 2 3 4 5 6. The recommendations for TB vaccine R&D recently published by a number of stakeholders in have been added as Annex 17. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BCG Bacille Calmette-Guérin CHIM Controlled human infection model DS-TB Drug-susceptible tuberculosis IAVI International AIDS Vaccine Initiative IGRA Interferon-gamma release assay MDR-TB Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis MIP Mycobacterium indicus pranii Mtb Mycobacterium tuberculosis NHP Non-human primate PDP product Development Partnership PoD Prevention of Disease (clinical endpoint) PoI Prevention of Infection (clinical endpoint) PoR Prevention of Recurrence (clinical endpoint) PPC Preferred Product Characteristic R&D Research and development TB Tuberculosis TBVI Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative TST Tuberculin skin test WHO World Health Organization a The TB Vaccine R&D Roadmap is being developed by the Amsterdam Institute for Global health and Development and the World Health organization, with financial support from the European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP). -
Tuberculosis Vaccines—A New Kid on the Block
NEWS AND VIEWS thermogenesis11. The possible effects of dia- Through the uptake and incineration of TRLs, Lipoproteins, and Membranes (eds. Vance, D.E. & betic neuropathy on autonomic regulation of activated globules of brown fat may substan- Vance, J.E.) 263–289 (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2002). 4. Enerbäck, S. Cell Metab. 11, 248–252 (2010). adipose tissue have not been mentioned in tially improve obesity, insulin resistance and 5. Bartelt, A. et al. Nat. Med. 17, 200–205 (2011). recent reviews10, but in light of the findings of vascular health in humans. 6. Beigneux, A.P. et al. Cell Metab. 5, 279–291 (2007). Bartelt et al.5 and others4,11, these effects may 7. Cohen, A.W., Schubert, W., Brasaemle, D.L., Scherer, P.E. & Lisanti, M.P. Diabetes 54, 679–686 (2005). now attract more attention. COMPETING FINANCIAL INTERESTS 8. Yanai, H. et al. J. Med. Genet. 44, 445–447 Bartelt et al.5 have provided a provocative, The authors declare no competing financial interests. (2007). 9. James, W.P. et al. N. Engl. J. Med. 363, 905–917 landmark mechanistic study in BAT biology. 1. Williams, K.J. J. Clin. Invest. 118, 3247–3259 (2010). Moreover, their results may shed light on the (2008). 10. Tesfaye, S. et al. Diabetes Care 33, 2285–2293 puzzling connection that has been observed 2. Williams, K.J. & Chen, K. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 21, (2010). 218–228 (2010). 11. Seals, D.R. & Bell, C. Diabetes 53, 276–284 (2004). between CD36 variants and body mass index, the 3. Bernlohr, D.A., Jenkins, A.E. -
COVID-19 Vaccines (Revisited) and Oral-Mucosal Vector System As a Potential Vaccine Platform
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349426632 COVID-19 Vaccines (Revisited) and Oral-Mucosal Vector System as a Potential Vaccine Platform Article in Vaccines · February 2021 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020171 CITATION READS 1 236 6 authors, including: Muhammad Umer Ashraf Sunil Kumar Sungkyunkwan University Andong National University 9 PUBLICATIONS 28 CITATIONS 50 PUBLICATIONS 130 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Yong-Soo Bae Sungkyunkwan University 220 PUBLICATIONS 11,481 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Immunobiology of dendritic cells View project Epigenetic control of DC developent, DC immunotherapy View project All content following this page was uploaded by Muhammad Umer Ashraf on 19 February 2021. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Review COVID-19 Vaccines (Revisited) and Oral-Mucosal Vector System as a Potential Vaccine Platform Muhammad Umer Ashraf 1,2, Yeji Kim 1,2, Sunil Kumar 1,2, Dongyeob Seo 1,2, Maryam Ashraf 3 and Yong-Soo Bae 1,2,* 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea; [email protected] (M.U.A.); [email protected] (Y.K.); [email protected] (S.K.); [email protected] (D.S.) 2 Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea 3 Department of Dermatology, Pakistan Air Force (PAF) Hospital, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-31-299-4149; Fax: +82-31-290-7087 Abstract: There are several emerging strategies for the vaccination of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) however, only a few have yet shown promising effects. -
Applying Customer Development Methodology to Industries Under
Applying Customer Development Methodology to Industries under Transformation Case Study of CellaVision Master of Science Thesis in the Management and Economics of Innovation Programme GUSTAV BÅNG JONAS KEMPE Department of Technology Management and Economics Division of Entrepreneurship and Strategy CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Göteborg, Sverige 2017 Report No. E 2017:107 MASTER’S THESIS E 2017:107 Applying Customer Development Methodology to Industries under Transformation Case Study of CellaVision GUSTAV BÅNG JONAS KEMPE Tutor, Chalmers: Martin Wallin Tutor, Company: Andrew Gill Department of Technology Management and Economics Division of Entrepreneurship and Strategy CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Göteborg, Sweden 2017 Applying Customer Development Methodology to Industries under Transformation Case Study of CellaVision GUSTAV BÅNG JONAS KEMPE © BÅNG, GUSTAV. JONAS KEMPE 2017 Master’s Thesis E 2017: 107 Department of Technology Management and Economics Division of Entrepreneurship and Strategy Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden Telephone: + 46 (0)31-772 1000 Chalmers Reproservice Göteborg, Sweden 2017 III Abstract The Customer Development methodology was created by Steven Blank in the mid 1990s. It was developed as a tool for entrepreneurs and startups to discover repeatable and scalable business models. Even though the technique was developed for startups, Blank argues that it can be used for established companies as well. One of the core concepts of Customer Development is that companies must continuously interact with customers to get a first hand perspective of their needs in order to improve the odds for product success. The advantages of understanding the customer needs are obvious, but there are also risks in relying too heavily on their feedback. -
What's New in Tuberculosis Vaccines?
What’s new in tuberculosis vaccines? Ann M. Ginsberg1 Abstract Over the past 10 years, tuberculosis (TB) vaccine development has resurged as an active area of investigation. The renewed interest has been stimulated by the recognition that, although BCG is delivered to approximately 90% of all neonates globally through the Expanded Programme on Immunization, Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to cause over 8 million new cases of TB and over 2 million deaths annually. Over one hundred TB vaccine candidates have been developed, using different approaches to inducing protective immunity. Candidate vaccines are typically screened in small animal models of primary TB disease for their ability to protect against a virulent strain of M. tuberculosis. The most promising are now beginning to enter human safety trials, marking real progress in this field for the first time in 80 years. Keywords BCG vaccine; Mycobacterium bovis/immunology/genetics; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology/genetics; Drug evaluation, Preclinical; Models, Animal; Clinical trials, Phase I; Research (source: MeSH, NLM). Mots cle´s Vaccin BCG; Mycobacterium bovis/immunologie/ge´ne´tique; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunologie/ge´ne´tique; Evaluation pre´clinique me´dicament; Mode` le animal; Essai clinique phase I; Recherche (source: MeSH, INSERM). Palabras clave Vacuna BCG; Mycobacterium bovis/inmunologı´a/gene´tica; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/inmunologı´a/gene´tica; Evaluacio´ n preclı´nica de medicamentos; Modelos animales; Ensayos clı´nicos fase I; Investigacio´n(fuente: DeCS, BIREME). Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2002;80:483-488. Voir page 487 le re´sume´ en franc¸ais. En la pa´ gina 487 figura un resumen en espan˜ ol. Introduction The natural history of TB is complex (Fig. -
RSTMH Annual Meeting Emerging Diseases and Outbreaks 13 – 14 October 2020
RSTMH Annual Meeting Emerging Diseases and Outbreaks 13 – 14 October 2020 Day 1 10.30 - Pre-meeting networking 11.00 10.30 - Member Q&A with Chioma Dan Nwafor, Epidemiologist, Nigeria CDC 11.00 This session needs to be booked in advance through the conference platform. 10.30 Coffee and chat 11:00 Welcome and introduction Tamar Ghosh, CEO, Royal Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 11:10 Insights on COVID-19 Chair: Daniel Bausch, Director, UK Public Health Rapid Support Team George Fu Gao, Director, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention David Morens, Senior Advisor to the Director, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, USA Theresa J. Ochoa, Director, Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia 12.25 Break 12.45 – Lessons learnt from outbreaks Chair: Jimmy Whitworth, Professor of International Public Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Lassa Fever Chioma Dan Nwafor, Incident Manager, National Lassa Fever Emergency Operations Centre, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control MERS and SARS David Heymann, Professor of infectious disease epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Diphtheria in Displaced Communities Kate White, Health Lead, Emergency Desk, MSF 13.45 - Break 14:45 14:00 - Member Q&A with RSTMH President Gail Davey 14:30 Chair: Tamar Ghosh, CEO This session needs to be booked in advance through the conference platform 14:00 - Poster presentation networking 14:40 14:45 Turbo talks A series of five minute presentations from early -
R01hosei Coronavirus.Pdf
令和 2 年度内閣官房健康・医療戦略室請負業務 令和 2 年度 新型コロナウイルス感染症等の新興感染症 に対する研究開発についての調査 調査報告書 令和 3 年 3 ⽉ デロイト トーマツ コンサルティング合同会社 ⽬次 本編 1. 調査概要 p. 3 2. 必要機能の全体像 p. 8 3. 他国及び⽇本における新興感染症への平時の取組み P. 11 3-1. 概要 p. 13 3-2. 詳細 3-2-1. 政府 P. 20 3-2-2. 国際機関 P. 49 3-2-3. アカデミア及び企業 P. 51 3-3. 他国からの学び P. 55 4. 他国及び⽇本における新型コロナウイルス感染症への緊急時の取組み P. 57 4-1. 概要及び新型コロナウイルス感染症の研究開発成果 P. 59 4-2. 詳細 4-2-1. 政府 P. 64 4-2-2. 国際機関 P. 88 4-2-3. アカデミア及び企業 p. 90 4-3. 他国からの学び P. 101 5. 成果創出に向けて必要な機能と⽬指す⽔準 P. 104 5-1. 各機能において具備すべき⽔準 P. 106 5-2. 各機能における他国と我が国の現状 P. 110 5-3. ⽬指す⽔準の実現に向けた政策アイディア P. 127 付録 A. 略語 P. 133 ・弊社は、貴室と弊社との間で締結された2020年11⽉4⽇付けの請負契約書に基づき、貴室と事前 に合意した⼿続きを実施しました。本報告書は、上記⼿続きに従って、貴室の政策策定の参考資料 として作成されたもので、内容の採否や使⽤⽅法については、貴室⾃らの責任で判断を⾏うものと します。 ・本報告書に記載されている情報は、公開情報を除き、調査対象会社から提出を受けた資料、また、 その内容についての質問を基礎としております。これら対象会社から⼊⼿した情報⾃体の妥当性・ 正確性については、弊社側で責任を持ちません。 ・本報告書における分析⼿法は、多様なものがありうる中でのひとつを採⽤したに過ぎず、その達 成可能性に関して、弊社がいかなる保証を与えるものではありません。本報告書が本来の⽬的以外 に利⽤されたり、第三者がこれに依拠したとしても弊社はその責任を負いません。 1 2 1. 調査概要 3 調査の背景と⽬的 新興感染症に対して、新型コロナウイルス感染症に関する対応に加え、平時か らの各国の対応・体制を把握し、今後の検討の⼀助とする 背景・⽬的 健康・医療戦略で掲げている、健康⻑寿社会の形成に資する重要な取組として、 新型コロナウイルス感染症対策の推進において、必要な研究開発等の対策を速や かに推進することとされている 今回の新型コロナウイルス感染症の拡⼤では、緊急に既存抗ウイルス薬の適⽤拡 ⼤の臨床試験を実施するなど、柔軟な対応が実施されたが、今後も同様の問題が ⽣じる可能性は想定され、平時より、新規感染症が発⽣した場合に、速やかに予 防・治療に必要な医薬品を開発・供給するためルール・体制の整備が求められる その為、本調査を平時より整備しておくべき研究開発体制や有事に即時に対応で きる研究開発プラットフォームの構築検討を推進するための基本資料とする 調査内容 本調査では、以下の調査・分析を実施している 1. 新興感染症の発⽣時の研究開発に必要な機能の特定 2. 諸外国における診断法、治療薬、ワクチン開発に必要な機能の 整備体制 • 新型コロナウイルス感染症に対する研究開発経緯・進捗状況 • 診断法、治療薬、ワクチンの研究開発に関わる必要な機能の体制整備 • 平時の事前準備状況 • 新興感染症等の有事における政策 • 産学官の役割分担や連携 3.