Guidelines for Research and Data Collection Pan African Programme
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Pan African Programme Data Collection Pan African Programme The cultured chimpanzee Guidelines for research and data collection This field protocol was a collaborative effort and greatly benefited from input from the following people: ARANDJELOVIC Mimi (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) BOESCH Christophe (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology / Wild Chimpanzee Foundation) CAMPBELL Geneviève (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) HOHMANN Gottfried (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) JUNKER Jessica (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) KOUAKOU Y. Célestin (Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte-d’Ivoire / Wild Chimpanzee Foundation) KÜHL Hjalmar (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) LEENDERTZ Fabian (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) LEINERT Vera (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) MÖBIUS Yasmin (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) MURAI Mizuki (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) OELZE Victoria (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) RABANAL Louisa (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) ROBBINS Martha (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) VERGNES Virginie (Wild Chimpanzee Foundation) WAGNER Oliver (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) HEAD JOJO (Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany) -1- Pan African Programme Data Collection Acknowledgements This project was made possible by the generous funding of the Max Planck Society and the Krekeler Foundation. -2- Pan African Programme Data Collection Table of contents 1 Pan African Overview ............................................................................................................................ 6 2 Site Selection .......................................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Setting up a temporary research site ......................................................................................... 7 2.2 Data collection and sampling ................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Definitions ................................................................................................................................ 9 2.4 References ................................................................................................................................ 9 3 Data and Sample requirements ............................................................................................................. 10 4 Habitat Structure ................................................................................................................................... 12 4.1 Habitat plots ........................................................................................................................... 12 4.2 THV ........................................................................................................................................ 13 4.3 Definitions .............................................................................................................................. 14 4.4 References .............................................................................................................................. 14 5 Phenology ............................................................................................................................................. 15 5.1 Sample size ............................................................................................................................. 15 5.2 Tree species ............................................................................................................................ 15 5.3 Scoring.................................................................................................................................... 15 5.4 References .............................................................................................................................. 16 6 Climate ................................................................................................................................................. 17 7 Chimpanzee tools ................................................................................................................................. 18 7.1 Photograph.............................................................................................................................. 18 7.2 Hammers ................................................................................................................................ 18 7.2.1 Wooden hammers........................................................................................................... 18 7.2.2 Stone hammers ............................................................................................................... 19 7.3 Anvils ..................................................................................................................................... 20 7.4 Stick tools ............................................................................................................................... 22 7.5 New behaviours and tools ...................................................................................................... 23 7.6 Coding systems ....................................................................................................................... 24 7.6.1 Coding for photographs .................................................................................................. 24 7.6.2 Coding for tool samples ................................................................................................. 24 7.7 References .............................................................................................................................. 25 8 Camera trapping ................................................................................................................................... 26 8.1 Systematic placement ............................................................................................................. 26 8.2 Non-systematic placement...................................................................................................... 27 8.3 Identifying suitable camera spots ........................................................................................... 27 8.3.1 Travel routes................................................................................................................... 28 8.3.2 Large fruit trees .............................................................................................................. 28 8.3.3 Natural bridges ............................................................................................................... 29 8.3.4 Tool use sites .................................................................................................................. 29 8.3.5 Waterholes...................................................................................................................... 30 8.3.6 Uncovering new chimpanzee behaviours ....................................................................... 30 8.4 Settings ................................................................................................................................... 31 -3- Pan African Programme Data Collection 8.4.1 Installation ...................................................................................................................... 31 8.4.2 Camera coverage ............................................................................................................ 32 8.4.3 Direction ......................................................................................................................... 32 8.4.4 Height ............................................................................................................................. 33 8.4.5 Settings ........................................................................................................................... 33 8.4.6 Visibility ......................................................................................................................... 33 8.5 Maintenance and re-visits ....................................................................................................... 34 8.6 Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................................... 34 8.7 Storage of video files .............................................................................................................. 35 8.8 References .............................................................................................................................. 36 9 Isotope samples .................................................................................................................................... 37 9.1 Ecological isotope samples..................................................................................................... 37 9.1.1 Great ape hair ................................................................................................................