Learning from SETI: Overcoming the Roadblocks to Discovery by John Rachlin, Data-Mining for Astronomy, Inside This Issue
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Defenses That Hurt Science ______By Avi Loeb on June 4, 2021
Defenses That Hurt Science _______ By Avi Loeb on June 4, 2021 In the highlighted subtitle of a recent New-York Times Op-Ed, Bret Stephens stated: "Sometimes science is hurt most by those who think they are defending it". This sentiment resonates with many examples that go beyond the topic of his Op-Ed. Let me elaborate. When the nitrogen iceberg model was proposed recently to explain the weird properties of the first interstellar object `Oumuamua, it was immediately embraced by mainstream astronomers with a sigh of relief that the anomalous object was finally explained. We had never seen a chunk of frozen nitrogen floating within the Solar system before, and being detected first - `Oumuamua should represent the most common type of objects ejected by other planetary systems; but this was of little concern for the advocates. Shortly afterwards, my student Amir Siraj and I posted a paper showing that this model requires much more raw material of heavy elements than available in stars within the Milky Way galaxy. This was not a reflection on the previously noted abundance problem for interstellar objects, but a specific deficiency of the nitrogen model - which associates `Oumuamua with a fragment chipped off the surface of a Pluto-like planet around another star. The limited supply of nitrogen on exo-Pluto surfaces and the requirement that the interstellar journey would last just half a billion years - or else most of the nitrogen would evaporate, leads to a mass budget problem. But why should the mainstream worry about a fundamental drawback when the agenda is to sideline the weirdness of `Oumuamua? In another recent Op-Ed, Seth Shostak from the SETI Institute downgraded the scientific credentials of the anticipated report on Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), to be delivered by the Pentagon and various intelligence agencies to Congress this month. -
Messier Objects
Messier Objects From the Stocker Astroscience Center at Florida International University Miami Florida The Messier Project Main contributors: • Daniel Puentes • Steven Revesz • Bobby Martinez Charles Messier • Gabriel Salazar • Riya Gandhi • Dr. James Webb – Director, Stocker Astroscience center • All images reduced and combined using MIRA image processing software. (Mirametrics) What are Messier Objects? • Messier objects are a list of astronomical sources compiled by Charles Messier, an 18th and early 19th century astronomer. He created a list of distracting objects to avoid while comet hunting. This list now contains over 110 objects, many of which are the most famous astronomical bodies known. The list contains planetary nebula, star clusters, and other galaxies. - Bobby Martinez The Telescope The telescope used to take these images is an Astronomical Consultants and Equipment (ACE) 24- inch (0.61-meter) Ritchey-Chretien reflecting telescope. It has a focal ratio of F6.2 and is supported on a structure independent of the building that houses it. It is equipped with a Finger Lakes 1kx1k CCD camera cooled to -30o C at the Cassegrain focus. It is equipped with dual filter wheels, the first containing UBVRI scientific filters and the second RGBL color filters. Messier 1 Found 6,500 light years away in the constellation of Taurus, the Crab Nebula (known as M1) is a supernova remnant. The original supernova that formed the crab nebula was observed by Chinese, Japanese and Arab astronomers in 1054 AD as an incredibly bright “Guest star” which was visible for over twenty-two months. The supernova that produced the Crab Nebula is thought to have been an evolved star roughly ten times more massive than the Sun. -
Dr. Seth Shostak
Written Text for Congressional Testimony Advances in the Search for Life Seth Shostak, Senior Astronomer, SETI Institute 189 Bernardo Ave., #200, Mountain View, CA 94043, [email protected] It is no longer considered foolish to argue that biology could exist on some of the trillion other planets in our galaxy. Its discovery would produce a lasting change in our perceptions, demonstrating that life is not confined to our world. We would know that biology is not some sort of miracle, but a commonplace – an ubiquitous, cosmic infection. The discovery of intelligence elsewhere would be of even greater import, as we have always considered humans to be special, even the pinnacle of Creation. To learn that there are others out there – others whose cognitive abilities exceed our own – would be a discovery that would recalibrate how our species views itself. It would also have consequences that can be only vaguely gauged, in much the way that the discovery of the New World led to societal changes that were largely unpredictable at the time of its happening. However, the search for extraterrestrial intelligence, known by the acronym SETI, has been pursued for more than a half century with no unambiguous, positive result. We haven’t found conclusive proof of any intelligent (or even unintelligent) life beyond the confines of Earth. Claims that our planet is being visited by alien beings, while popular with the citizenry, are not considered credible by most scientists. However, recent developments in both astronomy and technology are accelerating the speed of SETI searches, and it is hardly fantastic to suggest that we could find evidence of cosmic company within a few decades. -
Westminsterresearch the Astrobiology Primer V2.0 Domagal-Goldman, S.D., Wright, K.E., Adamala, K., De La Rubia Leigh, A., Bond
WestminsterResearch http://www.westminster.ac.uk/westminsterresearch The Astrobiology Primer v2.0 Domagal-Goldman, S.D., Wright, K.E., Adamala, K., de la Rubia Leigh, A., Bond, J., Dartnell, L., Goldman, A.D., Lynch, K., Naud, M.-E., Paulino-Lima, I.G., Kelsi, S., Walter-Antonio, M., Abrevaya, X.C., Anderson, R., Arney, G., Atri, D., Azúa-Bustos, A., Bowman, J.S., Brazelton, W.J., Brennecka, G.A., Carns, R., Chopra, A., Colangelo-Lillis, J., Crockett, C.J., DeMarines, J., Frank, E.A., Frantz, C., de la Fuente, E., Galante, D., Glass, J., Gleeson, D., Glein, C.R., Goldblatt, C., Horak, R., Horodyskyj, L., Kaçar, B., Kereszturi, A., Knowles, E., Mayeur, P., McGlynn, S., Miguel, Y., Montgomery, M., Neish, C., Noack, L., Rugheimer, S., Stüeken, E.E., Tamez-Hidalgo, P., Walker, S.I. and Wong, T. This is a copy of the final version of an article published in Astrobiology. August 2016, 16(8): 561-653. doi:10.1089/ast.2015.1460. It is available from the publisher at: https://doi.org/10.1089/ast.2015.1460 © Shawn D. Domagal-Goldman and Katherine E. Wright, et al., 2016; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- nc/4.0/) which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. The WestminsterResearch online digital archive at the University of Westminster aims to make the research output of the University available to a wider audience. -
A Basic Requirement for Studying the Heavens Is Determining Where In
Abasic requirement for studying the heavens is determining where in the sky things are. To specify sky positions, astronomers have developed several coordinate systems. Each uses a coordinate grid projected on to the celestial sphere, in analogy to the geographic coordinate system used on the surface of the Earth. The coordinate systems differ only in their choice of the fundamental plane, which divides the sky into two equal hemispheres along a great circle (the fundamental plane of the geographic system is the Earth's equator) . Each coordinate system is named for its choice of fundamental plane. The equatorial coordinate system is probably the most widely used celestial coordinate system. It is also the one most closely related to the geographic coordinate system, because they use the same fun damental plane and the same poles. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere is called the celestial equator. Similarly, projecting the geographic poles on to the celest ial sphere defines the north and south celestial poles. However, there is an important difference between the equatorial and geographic coordinate systems: the geographic system is fixed to the Earth; it rotates as the Earth does . The equatorial system is fixed to the stars, so it appears to rotate across the sky with the stars, but of course it's really the Earth rotating under the fixed sky. The latitudinal (latitude-like) angle of the equatorial system is called declination (Dec for short) . It measures the angle of an object above or below the celestial equator. The longitud inal angle is called the right ascension (RA for short). -
Edited by Steven J. Dick and Mark L. Lupisella
Edited by Steven J. Dick and Mark L. Lupisella NASA SP-2009-4802 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cosmos and Culture : Cultural Evolution in a Cosmic Context / Steven J. Dick and Mark Lupisella, editors. p. cm. -- (NASA SP ; 4802) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Cosmology--History. 2. Astronomy--History. 3. Culture--Origin. 4. Social evolution. 5. Human evolution. I. Dick, Steven J. II. Lupisella, Mark. QB981.C8263 2009 523.109--dc22 2009004348 ISBN 978-0-16-083119-5 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800 9 0 0 0 0 Fax: (202) 512-2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402-0001 ISBN 978-0-16-083119-5 9 780160 831195 ISBN 978-0-16-083119-5 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800 9 0 0 0 0 Fax: (202) 512-2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402-0001 ISBN 978-0-16-083119-5 9 780160 831195 Table of Contents Introduction – Steven J. Dick and Mark L. Lupisella v Part 1: The Cosmic Context Chapter 1 – Eric J. Chaisson Cosmic Evolution State of the Science 3 Chapter 2 – Steven J. Dick Cosmic Evolution History, Culture, and Human Destiny 25 Part 2: Cultural Evolution Chapter 3 – Kathryn Denning Social Evolution State of the Field 63 Chapter 4 – Daniel C. Dennett The Evolution of Culture 125 Chapter 5 – Howard Bloom The Big Burp and the Multiplanetary Mandate 145 Chapter 6 – John M. -
Core-Collapse Supernovae Overview with Swift Collaboration
Publications Spring 2015 Core-Collapse Supernovae Overview with Swift Collaboration Kiranjyot Gill Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, [email protected] Michele Zanolin Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, [email protected] Marek Szczepańczyk Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/publication Part of the Astrophysics and Astronomy Commons, and the Physics Commons Scholarly Commons Citation Gill, K., Zanolin, M., & Szczepańczyk, M. (2015). Core-Collapse Supernovae Overview with Swift Collaboration. , (). Retrieved from https://commons.erau.edu/publication/3 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Core-Collapse Supernovae Overview with Swift Collaboration∗ Kiranjyot Gill,y Dr. Michele Zanolin,z and Marek Szczepanczykx Physics Department, Embry Riddle Aeronautical University (Dated: June 30, 2015) The Core-Collapse supernovae (CCSNe) mark the dynamic and explosive end of the lives of massive stars. The mysterious mechanism, primarily focused with the shock revival phase, behind CCSNe explosions could be explained by detecting the corresponding gravitational wave (GW) emissions by the laser interferometer gravitational wave observatory, LIGO. GWs are extremely hard to detect because they are weak signals in a floor of instrument noise. Optical observations of CCSNe are already used in coincidence with LIGO data, as a hint of the times where to search for the emission of GWs. More of these hints would be very helpful. For the first time in history a Harvard group has observed X-ray transients in coincidence with optical CCSNe. -
Rules & Requirements for an SBAS Observing Certificate 1. You Must
Rules & Requirements for an SBAS Observing Certificate 1. You must be a member of the SBAS in good standing to receive a certificate. 2. No Go To or Push To aided attempts will be accepted. Reading charts and star hopping are essential skills in our hobby. (You may use these methods to confirm your findings.) 3. Honor system is in full effect. These lists benefit your knowledge of the sky. Cheating only cheats yourself and the SBAS membership. Observations will be verified against digital planetarium charts. You may be required to answer questions about the objects you observed to verify your work. You may also be asked to show one of these objects at a star party. Once a list is completed, it is assumed you are familiar with every object on that list to the point where you can find it again and describe it to another person. 4. Upon completion of a list, submit the original paper version in person to Coy Wagoner at an SBAS meeting, public star party, or informal observing at the Worley. No digital submissions will be accepted at this time. 5. No observations may overlap. If one object is on two lists, your observations must be done on separate dates/times for credit. Copies of your observing logs will be saved and later compared to additional lists to make sure nothing overlaps. No observations prior to January 1, 2015 will be accepted for credit. 6. Observations should be done on your own. If you observe an object in someone else’s telescope or binoculars, the observation does not count unless you did the work to find it. -
The Messier Catalog
The Messier Catalog Messier 1 Messier 2 Messier 3 Messier 4 Messier 5 Crab Nebula globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 6 Messier 7 Messier 8 Messier 9 Messier 10 open cluster open cluster Lagoon Nebula globular cluster globular cluster Butterfly Cluster Ptolemy's Cluster Messier 11 Messier 12 Messier 13 Messier 14 Messier 15 Wild Duck Cluster globular cluster Hercules glob luster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 16 Messier 17 Messier 18 Messier 19 Messier 20 Eagle Nebula The Omega, Swan, open cluster globular cluster Trifid Nebula or Horseshoe Nebula Messier 21 Messier 22 Messier 23 Messier 24 Messier 25 open cluster globular cluster open cluster Milky Way Patch open cluster Messier 26 Messier 27 Messier 28 Messier 29 Messier 30 open cluster Dumbbell Nebula globular cluster open cluster globular cluster Messier 31 Messier 32 Messier 33 Messier 34 Messier 35 Andromeda dwarf Andromeda Galaxy Triangulum Galaxy open cluster open cluster elliptical galaxy Messier 36 Messier 37 Messier 38 Messier 39 Messier 40 open cluster open cluster open cluster open cluster double star Winecke 4 Messier 41 Messier 42/43 Messier 44 Messier 45 Messier 46 open cluster Orion Nebula Praesepe Pleiades open cluster Beehive Cluster Suburu Messier 47 Messier 48 Messier 49 Messier 50 Messier 51 open cluster open cluster elliptical galaxy open cluster Whirlpool Galaxy Messier 52 Messier 53 Messier 54 Messier 55 Messier 56 open cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 57 Messier -
What Happens When We Detect Alien Life?
SETI research e’ve never heard a peep from aliens. But improved technology is speeding up the search for extra- terrestrial intelligence (SETI), so what happens if today’s silence suddenly gives way to tomorrow’s discovery? Would the world Wrejoice in the news that someone’s out there? Would euphoria engulf humanity, as Nobel Prizes are doled out like after-dinner mints? That’s one view. But many people think the dis- covery would be hushed up as quickly as a Mafia informant, assuming that the public couldn’t handle the news. Or scarier still, kept secret for fear that an unauthorized response would tell a hostile race exactly where to send their interstellar battlewagons. That’s melodramatic enough. But has any serious consideration gone into what happens when our efforts to detect cos- mic intelligence pay off and we find a blip of a signal in the sea of radio noise WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE DETECT that pours into the SETI antennas? Some think that addressing that question — even in a speculative way — is hubristic at best and wildly pre- sumptuous at worst. After all, SETI scientists have been torquing their telescopes toward celestial targets for ALINF E LI E? more than half a century without ever detecting such a signal. If we Scientists have been listening for signals from extraterrestrial haven’t won the E.T. lottery in all that time, why worry about what would civilizations for decades, but what would they do happen if we got the winning ticket? if they actually heard one? Simple: SETI researchers are buy- ing more tickets all the time, and the by Seth Shostak chances of scoring the big one keep going up. -
Curriculum Vitae G. Seth Shostak ______Tel
Curriculum Vitae G. Seth Shostak _______________________________________________________________________ tel. office: (650)-960-4530 e-mail: [email protected] Education Ph.D. astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California B.A. physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey Experience Senior Astronomer, SETI Institute, Mtn. View, Calif. 2001-present Public Programs Scientist, SETI Institute, Mtn. View, Calif. 1991-2001 Cable TV Channel 27, Mtn. View, Calif. 1990-1991 Senior Software Engineer, Mira Technology, Los Altos, Calif. 1988-1989 Director and Founder, Digital Images Computer Animation, Groningen, The Netherlands 1983-1988 Research Associate, Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, State University of Groningen, The Netherlands 1975-1983 Senior Systems Analyst, Penn Central Transportation Co., Philadelphia, Penn. 1974-1975 Research Associate, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, Virginia 1972-1974 Publications Astronomical: More than 60 research papers in refereed, professional journals Film: More than 50 articles for magazines and newspapers on film and video. Author of monthly column on film techniques in European magazines from 1980-1982, and 1985-1990. Science and Technology: Approximately three hundred popular articles published in magazines, newspapers and the Web, on a wide range of topics. Scripts: Several commissioned scripts for public relations videos produced for commercial clients. Two scripts for planetarium shows. Books: Editor of two scientific books, contributor to five popular -
The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Observations of 1327 Nearby Stars Over 1.10–3.45 Ghz Submitted to Apj
Draft version June 17, 2019 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62 The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Observations of 1327 Nearby Stars over 1.10{3.45 GHz Danny C. Price,1, 2 J. Emilio Enriquez,1, 3 Bryan Brzycki,1 Steve Croft,1 Daniel Czech,1 David DeBoer,1 Julia DeMarines,1 Griffin Foster,1, 4 Vishal Gajjar,1 Nectaria Gizani,1, 5 Greg Hellbourg,1 Howard Isaacson,1, 6 Brian Lacki,7 Matt Lebofsky,1 David H. E. MacMahon,1 Imke de Pater,1 Andrew P. V. Siemion,1, 8, 3, 9 Dan Werthimer,1 James A. Green,10 Jane F. Kaczmarek,10 Ronald J. Maddalena,11 Stacy Mader,10 Jamie Drew,12 and S. Pete Worden12 1Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94720 2Centre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia 3Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP,Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands 4Astronomy Department, University of Oxford, Keble Rd, Oxford, OX13RH, United Kingdom 5Hellenic Open University, School of Science & Technology, Parodos Aristotelous, Perivola Patron, Greece 6University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia 7Breakthrough Listen, Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94720 8SETI Institute, Mountain View, California 9University of Malta, Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy 10Australia Telescope National Facility, CSIRO, PO Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia 11Green Bank Observatory, West Virginia, 24944, USA 12The Breakthrough Initiatives, NASA Research Park, Bld. 18, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA (Received June 17, 2019; Revised June 17, 2019; Accepted XXX) Submitted to ApJ ABSTRACT Breakthrough Listen (BL) is a ten-year initiative to search for signatures of technologically capable life beyond Earth via radio and optical observations of the local Universe.