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Administering Oracle Goldengate

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Administering Oracle Goldengate Oracle® Database Administering Oracle GoldenGate 21c (21.1.0) F25360-02 April 2021 Oracle Database Administering Oracle GoldenGate, 21c (21.1.0) F25360-02 Copyright © 2017, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing. If this is software or related documentation that is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, then the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs (including any operating system, integrated software, any programs embedded, installed or activated on delivered hardware, and modifications of such programs) and Oracle computer documentation or other Oracle data delivered to or accessed by U.S. Government end users are "commercial computer software" or "commercial computer software documentation" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, reproduction, duplication, release, display, disclosure, modification, preparation of derivative works, and/or adaptation of i) Oracle programs (including any operating system, integrated software, any programs embedded, installed or activated on delivered hardware, and modifications of such programs), ii) Oracle computer documentation and/or iii) other Oracle data, is subject to the rights and limitations specified in the license contained in the applicable contract. The terms governing the U.S. Government’s use of Oracle cloud services are defined by the applicable contract for such services. No other rights are granted to the U.S. Government. This software or hardware is developed for general use in a variety of information management applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any inherently dangerous applications, including applications that may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software or hardware in dangerous applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy, and other measures to ensure its safe use. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim any liability for any damages caused by use of this software or hardware in dangerous applications. Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Intel and Intel Inside are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. AMD, Epyc, and the AMD logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. This software or hardware and documentation may provide access to or information about content, products, and services from third parties. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates are not responsible for and expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind with respect to third-party content, products, and services unless otherwise set forth in an applicable agreement between you and Oracle. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due to your access to or use of third-party content, products, or services, except as set forth in an applicable agreement between you and Oracle. Contents Preface Audience xviii Documentation Accessibility xviii Related Information xviii Conventions xix 1 Oracle GoldenGate Administration Overview 2 Oracle GoldenGate Globalization Support 2.1 Preserving the Character Set 2-1 2.1.1 Character Set of Database Structural Metadata 2-1 2.1.2 Character Set of Character-type Data 2-1 2.1.3 Character Set of Database Connection 2-2 2.1.4 Character Set of Text Input and Output 2-2 2.2 Using Unicode and Native Characters 2-2 2.3 Character Map Translation 2-2 Part I Oracle GoldenGate Administration: Common Components and Operations 3 Getting Started with the Oracle GoldenGate Process Interfaces 3.1 Using Command Line Interfaces 3-1 3.1.1 Using the Admin Client 3-1 3.1.2 Using GGSCI 3-4 3.1.3 Using Wildcards in Command Arguments 3-4 3.1.4 Globalization Support for the Command Interface 3-4 3.1.5 Using Command History 3-4 3.1.6 Storing and Calling Frequently Used Command Sequences 3-5 3.2 Controlling Oracle GoldenGate Processes 3-6 iii 3.2.1 Controlling Manager 3-6 3.2.2 Controlling Extract and Replicat 3-6 3.2.3 Deleting Extract and Replicat 3-7 3.3 Automating Commands 3-8 3.3.1 Issuing Commands Through the IBM i CLI 3-9 3.4 Specifying Object Names in Oracle GoldenGate Input 3-9 3.4.1 Specifying Filesystem Path Names in Parameter Files on Windows Systems 3-10 3.4.2 Supported Database Object Names 3-10 3.4.2.1 Supported Special Characters 3-10 3.4.2.2 Non-supported Special Characters 3-11 3.4.3 Specifying Names that Contain Slashes 3-11 3.4.4 Qualifying Database Object Names 3-12 3.4.4.1 Two-part Names 3-12 3.4.4.2 Three-part Names 3-13 3.4.4.3 Applying Data from Multiple Containers or Catalogs 3-13 3.4.4.4 Specifying a Default Container or Catalog 3-13 3.4.5 Specifying Case-Sensitive Database Object Names 3-13 3.4.6 Using Wildcards in Database Object Names 3-15 3.4.6.1 Rules for Using Wildcards for Source Objects 3-15 3.4.6.2 Rules for Using Wildcards for Target Objects 3-16 3.4.6.3 Fallback Name Mapping 3-17 3.4.6.4 Wildcard Mapping from Pre-11.2.1 Trail Version 3-17 3.4.6.5 Asterisks or Question Marks as Literals in Object Names 3-18 3.4.6.6 How Wildcards are Resolved 3-18 3.4.6.7 Excluding Objects from a Wildcard Specification 3-18 3.4.7 Differentiating Case-Sensitive Column Names from Literals 3-18 4 Using Oracle GoldenGate Parameter Files 4.1 Globalization Support for Parameter Files 4-1 4.2 Working with the GLOBALS File 4-2 4.3 Working with Runtime Parameters 4-2 4.4 Creating a Parameter File 4-4 4.4.1 Creating a Parameter File in GGSCI and Admin Client 4-5 4.4.2 Creating a Parameter File with a Text Editor 4-6 4.5 Validating a Parameter File 4-7 4.6 Viewing a Parameter File 4-10 4.7 Changing a Parameter File 4-11 4.8 Simplifying the Creation of Parameter Files 4-11 4.8.1 Using Wildcards 4-12 4.8.2 Using OBEY 4-12 iv 4.8.3 Using Macros 4-12 4.8.4 Using Parameter Substitution 4-12 4.9 Getting Information about Oracle GoldenGate Parameters 4-13 5 Using Oracle GoldenGate for Live Reporting 5.1 Overview of the Reporting Configuration 5-1 5.1.1 Filtering and Conversion 5-2 5.1.2 Read-only vs. High Availability 5-2 5.1.3 Additional Information 5-2 5.2 Creating a Standard Reporting Configuration 5-3 5.2.1 Source System 5-3 5.2.2 Target System 5-4 5.3 Creating a Reporting Configuration with a Data Pump on the Source System 5-6 5.3.1 Source System 5-6 5.3.2 Target System 5-8 5.4 Creating a Reporting Configuration with a Data Pump on an Intermediary System 5-9 5.4.1 Source System 5-11 5.4.2 Intermediary System 5-12 5.4.3 Target System 5-13 5.5 Creating a Cascading Reporting Configuration 5-15 5.5.1 Source System 5-17 5.5.2 Second System in the Cascade 5-18 5.5.3 Third System in the Cascade 5-21 6 Using Oracle GoldenGate for Real-time Data Distribution 6.1 Overview of the Data-distribution Configuration 6-1 6.2 Considerations for a Data-distribution Configuration 6-1 6.2.1 Fault Tolerance 6-2 6.2.2 Filtering and Conversion 6-2 6.2.3 Read-only vs. High Availability 6-2 6.2.4 Additional Information 6-2 6.3 Creating a Data Distribution Configuration 6-2 6.3.1 Source System 6-3 6.3.2 Target Systems 6-5 7 Configuring Oracle GoldenGate for Real-time Data Warehousing 7.1 Overview of the Data Warehousing Configuration 7-1 7.2 Considerations for a Data Warehousing Configuration 7-1 v 7.2.1 Isolation of Data Records 7-2 7.2.2 Data Storage 7-2 7.2.3 Filtering and Conversion 7-2 7.2.4 Additional Information 7-2 7.3 Creating a Data Warehousing Configuration 7-2 7.3.1 Source Systems 7-3 7.3.2 Target System 7-6 8 Configuring Oracle GoldenGate to Maintain a Live Standby Database 8.1 Overview of a Live Standby Configuration 8-1 8.2 Considerations for a Live Standby Configuration 8-2 8.2.1 Trusted Source 8-2 8.2.2 Duplicate Standby 8-2 8.2.3 DML on the Standby System 8-2 8.2.4 Oracle GoldenGate Processes 8-2 8.2.5 Backup Files 8-3 8.2.6 Failover Preparedness 8-3 8.2.7 Sequential Values that are Generated by the Database 8-3 8.2.8 Additional Information 8-3 8.3 Creating a Live Standby Configuration 8-4 8.3.1 Prerequisites on Both Systems 8-4 8.3.2 Configuration from Active Source to Standby 8-5 8.4 Configuration from Standby to Active Source 8-7 8.5 Moving User Activity in a Planned Switchover 8-9 8.5.1 Moving User Activity to the Live Standby 8-9 8.5.2 Moving User Activity Back to the Primary System 8-10 8.6 Moving User Activity in an Unplanned Failover 8-12 8.6.1 Moving User Activity to the Live Standby 8-12 8.6.2 Moving User Activity Back to the Primary System 8-12 9 Configuring Oracle GoldenGate for Active-Active Configuration 9.1 Overview of an Active-Active Configuration 9-1
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