DOCSLIB.ORG

General News

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
General News Biocontrol News and Information 39(2), 9N–16N www.cabi.org/BNI General News Conservation Scores a Biological Control land and Scotland. These coincided with reports of Success pine marten range expansion, including sightings in areas where the predator had not been recorded for A recent study in Scotland provides robust evidence decades. Results of surveys in the Irish midlands for an unusual case of biological control, involving showed that by the early 2010s, the pine marten, the recovery of two threatened species.1 The results which had been restricted to west of the River reinforce findings of a previous study in Ireland.2 Shannon, now extended throughout the region as far There is now clear evidence from the British Isles as the east coast.2 that the recovery and range expansion of the pine marten (Martes martes), a native mustelid predator, This study also found that grey squirrel populations is skewing competition between the invasive North had crashed in some 9000 km2 of its previous range American grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) and in the Irish midlands and the invasion front had the native red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris), and facili- retreated 100 km to the east, leaving it a rare species tating recovery of the native squirrel species from a in much of the central midlands. In contrast, the red precipitous decline. squirrel had recolonized 6500 km2 of its historic range, from which it had been absent for up to 30 The pine marten was exterminated in large parts of years, and it is now common and widespread there. the British Isles in the 19th century through hunting The areas lost by the grey squirrel and regained by for fur, predator control by gamekeepers and habitat the red squirrel lie entirely within the expanded loss. Populations became restricted largely to range of the pine marten. Overlap between pine northern Scotland and western Ireland. Although it marten and remaining abundant grey squirrel popu- remains the second-rarest mammal in the British lations was found in the eastern part of the region, Isles, reforestation, legislation and conservation where the recently arrived pine marten is at lower activities have facilitated a comeback, and since the density. The study found pairwise correlations 1990s its range has been slowly expanding. Pine between detection of pine marten and red squirrel on marten is now naturally distributed throughout a landscape level (strongly positive) and pine marten much of Scotland and the Irish midlands, with small and grey squirrel on a woodland level (negative). The populations in parts of Wales and England. methodology did not allow conclusions about cau- sality, although factors such as culling and resource The native red squirrel suffered a steep decline in the limitation were ruled out, and live trapping sug- 20th century initially through resource competition gested that the overall status and health of grey from the larger North American grey squirrel, which squirrels were poorer in the central midlands where was introduced to Great Britain several times in the pine martens are well established. The authors sug- 1870s–1920s and to Ireland in 1911. The grey gested that pine marten density might be the key squirrel has replaced the native species through factor. much of its former range: only isolated red squirrel populations remained in England and Wales, and its The research in Scotland1 built on the Irish study. range otherwise shrank to central and northern Scot- Multi-species sampling by different methods (hair land and the west of Ireland. The threat to red samples from feeders ± trail cameras) allowed differ- squirrel from grey squirrel has been greatly exacer- ences between species in detectability to be identified bated in recent decades by squirrel pox virus (SQPV): and taken into account. The results were used to grey squirrel is an asymptomatic vector but the dis- model red and grey squirrel occupancy for various ease is fatal in red squirrel. First reported in Great factors (e.g. region, attributes of habitats, pine Britain in the 1980s, SQPV incidence in grey squir- marten presence). A key part of the study was iden- rels was 42–100% by the mid-2000s in England and tifying individual pine martens from hair samples to Wales, although the first record in Scotland was not provide spatial capture–recapture information, until 2005, and it was first detected in Ireland as late which was used to estimate not only pine marten as 2011.3 Grey squirrel is not only a threat to red density but also each individual’s use of space (‘den- squirrel, but by stripping bark of young trees is also sity-weighted connectivity’), i.e. how ‘pine marten a forestry pest. Its invasive range also includes Italy, rich’ a neighbourhood is. This latter estimate allows from where it could potentially invade a vast region the likelihood of encounters between pine marten of Eurasia. and prey to be assessed as a measure of overall expo- sure to predation. Conservation measures for red squirrel remnant populations and at the edge of the grey squirrel inva- Field work was carried out in January–May 2016 in sion rely on heavy (therefore expensive and also not three regions: the northern Scottish highlands, universally supported) culling of grey squirrel popu- which pine marten recolonized some 45 years ago lations to below competitive levels. But even this and grey squirrel has not reached; central Scotland, level of culling was insufficient to break transmission which pine marten has recently recolonized (8–14 of SQPV, and the outlook for the red squirrel seemed years) and where grey squirrel has been present for bleak. From the 1990s onwards, however, anecdotal some 70 years; and the southern Scottish borders, reports of red squirrel recovery were emerging in Ire- which pine marten began to recolonize in the past Are we on your mailing list? Biocontrol News and Information is always pleased to receive news of research, conferences, new products or patents, changes in personnel, collaborative agreements or any other information of interest to other readers. If your organization sends out press releases or newsletters, please let us have a copy. In addition, the editors welcome proposals for review topics. 10N Biocontrol News and Information 39(2) few years while grey squirrel has been present for at have used in future research in this area. Such least 30 years. SQPV is now endemic in central Scot- research could also help inform a related conflict of land, but was not detected in the borders until 2017. interest: the impact of pine marten recovery on the In the regions where the squirrel species coexist (cen- game bird industry. The firm evidence in this paper tral and borders), study sites were selected to favour about the negative impact of the pine marten on grey grey squirrel (>30% mixed broadleaf woodland). squirrel may help influence land managers with Although pine marten densities were lower in the interests in both commercial forestry and rearing borders than in the other two regions, and grey game birds that gains to the former from pine squirrel is not found in the highlands, the authors marten presence could outweigh potential losses to argue their analysis is valid as it is based on large the latter. intra- as well as inter-regional variation. 1 Sheehy, E., Sutherland, C., O’Reilly, C. and Results showed a strong relationship between Lambin, X. (2018) The enemy of my enemy is my squirrel occupancy and likelihood of encounter with friend: native pine marten recovery reverses the pine marten (density-weighted connectivity). The decline of the red squirrel by suppressing grey correlation was negative for grey squirrel and posi- squirrel populations. Proceedings of the Royal Society tive for red squirrel. The negative impact of pine B 285, 20172603. marten on grey squirrel occupancy was greater in central Scotland where the species have coexisted for 2 Sheehy, E. and Lawton, C. (2014) Population crash longer than in the borders. The positive relationship in an invasive species following the recovery of a between likelihood of encounter with pine marten native predator: the case of the American grey and red squirrel occupancy included the highlands squirrel and the European pine marten in Ireland. where there are no grey squirrels. Biodiversity and Conservation 23, 753–774. The authors suggest how behavioural differences 3 Rushton, S., Lurz, P., Gurnell, J., Nettleton, P., may influence squirrel competitiveness in the pres- Bruemmer, C., Shirley, M. and Sainsbury, A. (2006) ence of pine marten. Camera data showed that red Disease threats posed by alien species: the role of a squirrels are less likely than grey squirrels to use poxvirus in the decline of the native red squirrel in feeders. The Irish study reported a difference of Britain. Epidemiology & Infection 134, 521–533. 15.6% and 2.5% in frequency of grey and red squirrel in pine marten scats, respectively. As a coevolved species, red squirrel may be more wary of feeders Contact: Xavier Lambin, Professor of Ecology, (but not otherwise deterred from suitable habitat) if University of Aberdeen, UK. pine marten is in the area, compared with grey Email: [email protected] squirrel, which has no coevolutionary history with pine marten or similar species, and is thus more prone to direct encounter including predation. Chris Prior: Good Company and an Important Scientist The authors conclude that the results provide “une- quivocal support” for the role of the recovering pine Dr Chris Prior, born on 27 June 1949, was an inter- marten in modifying competition between the two nationally renowned biologist: perhaps best known squirrel species, and skewing it heavily in favour of for a discovery leading to the development of effective the native species.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ctenophore Relationships and Their Placement As the Sister Group to All Other Animals
    ARTICLES DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0331-3 Ctenophore relationships and their placement as the sister group to all other animals Nathan V. Whelan 1,2*, Kevin M. Kocot3, Tatiana P. Moroz4, Krishanu Mukherjee4, Peter Williams4, Gustav Paulay5, Leonid L. Moroz 4,6* and Kenneth M. Halanych 1* Ctenophora, comprising approximately 200 described species, is an important lineage for understanding metazoan evolution and is of great ecological and economic importance. Ctenophore diversity includes species with unique colloblasts used for prey capture, smooth and striated muscles, benthic and pelagic lifestyles, and locomotion with ciliated paddles or muscular propul- sion. However, the ancestral states of traits are debated and relationships among many lineages are unresolved. Here, using 27 newly sequenced ctenophore transcriptomes, publicly available data and methods to control systematic error, we establish the placement of Ctenophora as the sister group to all other animals and refine the phylogenetic relationships within ctenophores. Molecular clock analyses suggest modern ctenophore diversity originated approximately 350 million years ago ± 88 million years, conflicting with previous hypotheses, which suggest it originated approximately 65 million years ago. We recover Euplokamis dunlapae—a species with striated muscles—as the sister lineage to other sampled ctenophores. Ancestral state reconstruction shows that the most recent common ancestor of extant ctenophores was pelagic, possessed tentacles, was bio- luminescent and did not have separate sexes. Our results imply at least two transitions from a pelagic to benthic lifestyle within Ctenophora, suggesting that such transitions were more common in animal diversification than previously thought. tenophores, or comb jellies, have successfully colonized from species across most of the known phylogenetic diversity of nearly every marine environment and can be key species in Ctenophora.
    [Show full text]
  • HCMR BIBLIO Teliko
    Research Article Mediterranean Marine Science Volume 8/1, 2007, 05-14 First recording of the non-native species Beroe ovata Mayer 1912 in the Aegean Sea T.A. SHIGANOVA1 , E.D. CHRISTOU2 and I. SIOKOU- FRANGOU2 1 P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS, Nakhmovsky avenue, 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia 2 Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute Of Oceanography P.O. Box 712, 19013 Anavissos, Hellas e-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new alien species Beroe ovata Mayer 1912 was recorded in the Aegean Sea. It is most likely that this species spread on the currents from the Black Sea. Beroe ovata is also alien to the Black Sea, where it was introduced in ballast waters from the Atlantic coastal area of the northern America. The species is established in the Black Sea and has decreased the population of another invader Mnemiopsis leidyi, which has favoured the recovery of the Black Sea ecosystem. We compare a new 1 species with the native species fam. Beroidae from the Mediterranean and pre- dict its role in the ecosystem of the Aegean Sea using the Black Sea experience. Keywords: Beroe ovata; Non-native species; Aegean Sea; Black Sea; ∂cosystem. Introduction in the Black Sea, spread on the currents into the Aegean Sea via the Bosphorus During second part of 20th century the strait, the Sea of Marmara and the Dar- Mediterranean Sea became a recipient danelles strait. Most of them occur regu- area for a great number of alien species, larly in the Aegean Sea areas influenced by which comprised more than 46% of the Black Sea waters (SHIGANOVA, 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • First Report on Beroe Ovata in an Unusual Mixture of Ctenophores in the Great Belt (Denmark)
    First report on Beroe ovata in an unusual mixture of ctenophores in the Great Belt (Denmark) Shiganova, Tamara A.; Riisgard, Hans Ulrik; Ghabooli, Sara; Tendal, Ole Secher Published in: Aquatic Invasions DOI: 10.3391/ai.2014.9.1.10 Publication date: 2014 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: Unspecified Citation for published version (APA): Shiganova, T. A., Riisgard, H. U., Ghabooli, S., & Tendal, O. S. (2014). First report on Beroe ovata in an unusual mixture of ctenophores in the Great Belt (Denmark). Aquatic Invasions, 9(1), 111-116. https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2014.9.1.10 Download date: 27. sep.. 2021 Aquatic Invasions (2014) Volume 9, Issue 1: 111–116 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/ai.2014.9.1.10 Open Access © 2014 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2014 REABIC Research Article First report on Beroe ovata in an unusual mixture of ctenophores in the Great Belt (Denmark) Tamara A. Shiganova1*, Hans Ulrik Riisgård2, Sara Ghabooli3 and Ole Secher Tendal4 1P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia 2Marine Biological Research Centre (University of Southern Denmark), Hindsholmvej 11, DK-5300 Kerteminde, Denmark 3Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Canada 4Zoological Museum, SNM, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark E-mail: [email protected] (TAS), [email protected] (HUR), [email protected] (SG), [email protected] (OST) *Corresponding author Received: 16 September 2013 / Accepted: 23 January 2014 / Published online: 3 February 2014 Handling editor: Maiju Lehtiniemi Abstract Between mid-December 2011 and mid-January 2012 an unusual mixture of ctenophores was observed and collected at Kerteminde harbor (Great Belt, Denmark).
    [Show full text]
  • First Record of Beroe Ovata Mayer, 1912 (Ctenophora: Beroida: Beroidae) Off the Mediterranean Coast of Israel
    Aquatic Invasions (2011) Volume 6, Supplement 1: S89–S90 doi: 10.3391/ai.2011.6.S1.020 Open Access © 2011 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2011 REABIC Aquatic Invasions Records Not far behind: First record of Beroe ovata Mayer, 1912 (Ctenophora: Beroida: Beroidae) off the Mediterranean coast of Israel Bella S. Galil1*, Roy Gevili2 and Tamara Shiganova3 1National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, POB 8030, Haifa 31080, Israel 2Rogozin 54/25, Ashdod 77440, Israel 3P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS, Nakhimovsky av. 36, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation E-mail: [email protected] (BSG), [email protected] (RG), [email protected] (TS) *Corresponding author Received: 15 July 2011 / Accepted: 19 July 2011 / Published online: 22 July 2011 Abstract The American brown comb jelly, Beroe ovata, was first noted off the Mediterranean coast of Israel on 10 June 2011, outside the port of Ashdod. The occurrence of B. ovata soon after its prey, Mnemiopsis leidyi, had been recorded follows the pattern of spread elsewhere, yet its presence in the warm and saline waters of the SE Levant is a surprise. Key words: Beroe ovata, Ctenophora, invasive species, Mediterranean, Israel Introduction identical to photographs of B. ovata specimens from the Black Sea, Aegean and Adriatic (Figure Beroe ovata Mayer, 1912 is indigenous to 4 in Shiganova et al. 2007; Figure 3G in western Atlantic coastal waters, from the USA to Shiganova and Malej 2009). Argentina, (Mayer 1912; Mianzan 1999). The The occurrence of B. ovata in the Evvoikos first occurrence in the Mediterranean was noted Gulf was attributed to the outflow of the Black in November 2004, from the northern Evvoikos Sea water masses via the Bosphorus strait, the Gulf, Greece (Shiganova et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Alien Invasive Species at the Romanian Black Sea Coast – Present and Perspectives
    Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle © Décembre Vol. LIII pp. 443–467 «Grigore Antipa» 2010 DOI: 10.2478/v10191-010-0031-6 ALIEN INVASIVE SPECIES AT THE ROMANIAN BLACK SEA COAST – PRESENT AND PERSPECTIVES MARIUS SKOLKA, CRISTINA PREDA Abstract. Using literature data and personal field observations we present an overview of aquatic animal alien invasive species at the Romanian Black Sea coast, including freshwater species encountered in this area. We discuss records, pathways of introduction, origin and impact on native communities for some of these alien invasive species. In perspective, we draw attention on the potential of other alien species to become invasive in the study area. Résumé. Ce travail présente le résultat d’une synthèse effectuée en utilisant la littérature de spécialité et des observations et études personnelles concernant les espèces invasives dans la région côtière roumaine de la Mer Noire. On présente des aspects concernant les différentes catégories d’espèces invasives – stabilisées, occasionnelles et incertes – des écosystèmes marins et dulcicoles. L’origine géographique, l’impact sur les communautés d’organismes natifs, l’impact économique et les perspectives de ce phénomène sont aussi discutés. Key words: alien invasive species, Black Sea, Romania. INTRODUCTION Invasive species are one of the great problems of the modern times. Globalization, increase of commercial trades and climatic changes make invasive species a general threat for all kinds of terrestrial, freshwater or marine ecosystems (Mooney, 2005; Perrings et al., 2010). Perhaps polar areas or the deep seas are the only ecosystems not affected by this global phenomenon. Black Sea is a particular marine basin, with special hydrological characteristics, formed 10,000 years BP, when Mediterranean waters flowed to the Black Sea over the Bosporus strait.
    [Show full text]
  • CTENOPHORA Comb Jellies
    THREE Phylum CTENOPHORA comb jellies HERMES MIANZAN, ELLIOT W. Dawson, CLAUDIA E. MILLS tenophores have been described as the most beautiful, delicate, seem- ingly innocent yet most voracious, sinister and destructive of plankton Corganisms. They are exclusively marine, are found in all oceans at all depths, have many different shapes, and range in size from a few millimetres diameter to two metres long. They are mostly planktonic, but one order is bottom- dwelling with a creeping mode of existence. The planktonic forms are stunningly beautiful, diaphanous creatures, flashing iridescence as their comb-like cilia plates catch the light. Their bodies are soft, fragile, gelatinous. The phylum is small and well defined, with about 150 species worldwide (Mills 2008). Like the Cnidaria, they are radiate animals and at one time the two phyla were linked together as the Coelenterata. Ctenophoran symmetry is biradial and the general body plan somewhat more complicated than that of Cnidaria (Harbison & Madin 1982; Mills & Miller 1984; Harbison 1985). The two phyla are now thought to be only very distantly related. Recent evidence from ribosomal RNA sequencing shows that the Ctenophora lie close to the Porifera as the second-most-basic group of the Metazoa (Bridge et al. 1995; Collins 1998; Podar et al. 2001). Similarity in body form between pelagic ctenophores and medusae is a phenomenon of convergence. Ctenophores (literally, comb bearers) are named for their eight symmetrical tracks (comb rows) of fused ciliary plates (ctenes) on the body surface (Hernán- dez-Nicaise & Franc 1993). These constitute the locomotory apparatus that Leucothea sp. characterises the group.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Ctenophores in the Sundarban Mangroves, Northern Indian Ocean
    Rec. zool. Surv. India: Vol. 120(2)/133-140, 2020 ISSN (Online) : 2581-8686 DOI: 10.26515/rzsi/v120/i2/2020/144245 ISSN (Print) : 0375-1511 Diversity of Ctenophores in the Sundarban Mangroves, Northern Indian Ocean Jasmine Purushothaman*, Alfisa Siddique, Aishee Bhowal and Kailash Chandra Zoological Survey of India, Protozoology Section, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata – 700053; Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Four species of ctenophore viz., Pleurobrachia globosa Moser, 1903; Pleurobrachia pileus (O. F. Müller, 1776); Beroe ovata Bruguière, 1789 and Beroe gracilis Künne, 1939 were collected from the mangrove estuarine waters of Sundarban during winter monsoon survey conducted in January 2018. Of these species, Beroe gracilis Künne, 1939 is a new record from Bay of Bengal, Northern Indian Ocean. Pleurobrachia pileus was found to cause a swarm in Sundarban waters. The present study provides the description and distribution of four ctenophore species recorded in the study area. Keywords: Bay of Bengal, Ctenophora, Beroe gracilis, Beroe ovata, Pleurobrachia pileus, Pleurobrachia globosa Introduction from Indian waters (Venkatraman & Raghunathan, 2015; Venkatraman & Wafar, 2005), with P. globosa being the Gelatinous zooplankters are a diverse group of organisms only species reported from Sundarban coastal waters. that are often active, swarming predators in the marine This paper presents the detailed description of all the pelagic ecosystem (Harbison et al., 1978; Oliveira et al., ctenophore species recorded from Sundarbans with the 2014; Purcell, 2005). Jellyfishes and ctenophores are the hydrographical observations and also provides the first two major groups of gelatinous zooplankton (Madin record of Beroe gracilis from the northern coastal waters & Harbison, 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Impacts of Invasive Alien Marine Species on Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity: a Pan-European Review
    Aquatic Invasions (2014) Volume 9, Issue 4: 391–423 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/ai.2014.9.4.01 Open Access © 2014 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2014 REABIC Review Impacts of invasive alien marine species on ecosystem services and biodiversity: a pan-European review Stelios Katsanevakis1*, Inger Wallentinus2, Argyro Zenetos3, Erkki Leppäkoski4, Melih Ertan Çinar5, Bayram Oztürk6, Michal Grabowski7, Daniel Golani8 and Ana Cristina Cardoso1 1European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), Ispra, Italy 2Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden 3Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Ag. Kosmas, Greece 4Department of Biosciences, Environmental and Marine Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland 5Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Hydrobiology, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey 6Faculty of Fisheries, Marine Biology Laboratory, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey 7Department of Invertebrate Zoology & Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Poland 8Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior and the National Natural History Collections, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel E-mail: [email protected] (SK), [email protected] (IW), [email protected] (AZ), [email protected] (EL), [email protected] (MEC), [email protected] (BO), [email protected] (MG), [email protected] (DG), [email protected] (ACC) *Corresponding author Received: 8 January 2014 / Accepted: 6 June 2014 / Published online: 4 August 2014 Handling editor: Vadim Panov Abstract A good understanding of the mechanisms and magnitude of the impact of invasive alien species on ecosystem services and biodiversity is a prerequisite for the efficient prioritisation of actions to prevent new invasions or for developing mitigation measures.
    [Show full text]
  • Fatty Acid Composition of Beroe Ovata (Bosc, 1802)
    J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment Vol. 13: 253–259 (2007) Fatty acid composition of Beroe ovata (Bosc, 1802) Beroe ovata (Bosc, 1802)’nın yağ asidi kompozisyonu Melek İşinibilir1, Serap Sağlık Aslan2, Selin Cumalı3 Burak Çoban4 and Kasım Cemal Güven3* 1Istanbul University, Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Marine Biology, Istanbul, Turkey 2Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Istanbul, Turkey 3Istanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, 34116 Vefa, İstanbul Turkey 4Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Chemistry Department, Zonguldak, Turkey Abstract Beroe ovata was collected from Kumkapı, İstanbul, Sea of Marmara. Fatty acids composition of Beroe ovata were determined using GC/MS. Total lipid amount was found as 0.98±0.05 mg/g (n=6). Total saturated; monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids percentages were 35.78, 14.11 and 37.09, respectively. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) percentage was 9.75 and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) percentage was 23.01. Docosapentaenoic acid was not detected in Beroe ovata. EPA/DHA ratio was found as 0.42. The difference of fatty acids between the Beroe ovata with Beroe cucumis and Beroe forskalii were detection of 21:0 ve 17:1n-7 in only Beroe ovata This paper is the first study on the fatty acid composition of Beroe ovata. Keywords: Beroe ovata, fatty acid composition, Sea of Marmara * Corresponding author: [email protected] 253 Introduction Ctenophores are important members of the gelatinous marine zooplankton and significant predators in planktonic food chains (Thorson, 1971). The genus Beroe feed primarily on other ctenophores.
    [Show full text]
  • A Moveable Feast: Beroe Cucumis Sensu Mayer, 1912 (Ctenophora; Beroida; Beroidae) Preying on Mnemiopsis Leidyi A
    BioInvasions Records (2013) Volume 2, Issue 3: 191–194 Open Access doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3391/bir.2013.2.3.03 © 2013 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2013 REABIC Rapid Communication A moveable feast: Beroe cucumis sensu Mayer, 1912 (Ctenophora; Beroida; Beroidae) preying on Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 (Ctenophora; Lobata; Bolinopsidae) off the Mediterranean coast of Israel Bella S. Galil1* and Roy Gevili2 1 National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, POB 8030, Haifa 31080, Israel 2 Rogozin 54/25, Ashdod 77440, Israel E-mail: [email protected] (BSG), [email protected] (RG) *Corresponding author Received: 20 May 2013 / Accepted: 9 August 2013 / Published online: 12 August 2013 Handling editor: Vadim Panov Abstract In the winter months of 2012 and 2013 aggregations of the native comb jelly Beroe cucumis were observed and photographed along the Israeli coast preying on the invasive American comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi. It is suggested that native beroid may take part in controlling populations of the invasive ctenophore. Key words: Beroe cucumis; Mnemiopsis leidyi; intraguild predation; invasive species; Mediterranean Sea Introduction 2001b). It was subsequently recorded off the Aegean and Mediterranean coasts of Turkey Gelatinous plankton plays an important part of (Uysal and Mutlu 1993; Kideys and Niermann the marine food web, and its disruptive outbreaks 1994), Syria (Shiganova 1997) and Israel (Galil have increasingly drawn the interest of researchers et al. 2009). Since January
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Determination of the New Ctenophora-Beroe Ovata Lnvasion in the Black Sea
    -195- Tpy/10BB HB li1HCT~ryTB no OKBBHOflOr~~ ToM 2. BápHa 1998 5MeapcKa aKageMUfl Ha HayKume Ecological Determination of the New Ctenophora-Beroe ovata lnvasion in the Black Sea Asen S. Konsutov, Lyudmila T. Kamburska fnstitute of Oceanology, Bu/garian Academy of Sciences (Varna) Inlroduction. In results of the high Black Sea environment which ensures the "lJ \ lphication and antropic impact during best conditions for development and the last twcnty years [15] the Black Sea reproduetion ofthc invadcr M.leidyi. Despite , , 1 1llL'S favourable for the dcvclopmcnt of of the annual and seasonal fluctuation this many in vaders (Zat ze v, Mam a e v, species has been thc dominant component I qq7). The stabie settiement of some afthem in the B!ack Sea ecosystem during the last leads dircctly to drastic changes in the 10 years with maximal abondance in plankton fauna diversity and its quantitativc 1988-1989 (B o g dan o va, Kon s u I o v, development (Kon su I ov, Kam burska, 1993) and minimal abondance in 1991-1992 1997) and indirectly influences the othcr (Konsulov, Kamburska, 1997). parts in the food chain. This concerns in Feeding on zooplankton M leidyi appears great extent the representatives of as an important rival of the pelagic fish, Ctenophora which are important carnivores which results in a decrease of !heir in planktonic food ebains (Frase r, 1962). commercial resources (Ne Is on, 1925). On Until1985 only one reprcscntative of class Oenophora was known as a part of the Black sea plankton composition-Pleuro/;>rachia pi leus ( =Pleurobrachia rhodopis).
    [Show full text]
  • Control and Eradication of Invasive Aquatic Invertebrates - Bella S
    BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AND HABITAT MANAGEMENT – Vol. II – Control and Eradication of Invasive Aquatic Invertebrates - Bella S. Galil CONTROL AND ERADICATION OF INVASIVE AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES Bella S. Galil National Institute of Oceanography, Haifa, Israel Keywords: control, eradication, invasion, exotic species, marine, estuaries, freshwater, vector management, mariculture, shipping, ballast, fouling, Asterias amurensis, Beroe ovata, Callinectes sapidus, Carcinonemertes carcinophila, Carcinus maenas, Corbicula fluminea, Dreissena polymorpha, Eriocheir sinensis, Haliotis midae, Leporinus obtusidens, Limnoperna fortunei, Mnemiopsis leidyi, Musculista senhousia, Mytilopsis sallei, Orchitophyra stellarum, Pteropurpurea festiva, Sabella spallanzanii, Sacculina carcini, Tegula funebralis, Terebrasabella heterouncinata, Urosalpinx cinerea Contents 1. Introduction 2. Vector Management: An Ounce of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure 3. Control and Eradication Efforts 4. Case Histories 4.1. Ctenophora: The Comb Jelly That Ate A Sea, Mnemiopsis leidyi 4.2. Polychaeta, Sabellidae 4.2.1. A Shell-Boring Worm, Terebrasabella heterouncinata 4.2.2. Giant Fanworm, Sabella spallanzanii 4.3. Mollusca, Bivalvia 4.3.1. The Mussels that Clogged the Great Lakes: Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis 4.3.2. The Black-Striped Mussel, Mytilopsis sallei (Dreissenidae) 4.3.3. The Asian Mussel, Limnoperna fortunei (Mytilidae) 4.3.4. The Asian Date Mussel, Musculista senhousia (Mytilidae) 4.3.5. The American Oyster Drill, Urosalpinx cinerea, in English Oyster Beds 4.3.6. The Asiatic Clam, Corbicula fluminea (Pelecypoda, Corbiculidae) 4.4. Crustacea, Decapoda 4.4.1. European Green Crab, Carcinus maenas 4.4.2. The ChineseUNESCO Mitten Crab, Eriocheir sinensis– EOLSS (Grapsidae) 4.5. Echinodermata 4.5.1. The Northern Pacific Sea Star, Asterias amurensis 5. Summation AcknowledgementsSAMPLE CHAPTERS Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary Invasive species have been recognized as serious threats to aquatic biological diversity and may cause significant economic losses.
    [Show full text]