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Archiv Für Naturgeschichte © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at Bericht über die Leistungen in der Ichthyologie während des Jahres 1889. Von Dr. F. Hilg'endopf. Allgemeines. J. M. Hinterwaldner. Wegrv^eiser iür Naturaliensammler. Wien 1889, 663 S., 331 Xyl. 8« (Vergl. ornith. Ber. 89, p. 82). — Ein Sammelwerk, das nach den verschiedensten Richtungen hin Auskunft giebt. Ausser dem Ausstopfen wird auch die Herstellung antom. u. mikroskopischen Präparate, die Aquarienkunde (Macro- poden ausführlicher), berücksichtigt. lieber Nomenklaturregeln vergl. C. r. congres intern, de zool. Paris 1889. Jordan u.Goss, p.298, zählen 16 Fisch-Namen auf, die gegen ihre Ansicht umgeändert werden müssten, wenn Verschiedenheit der Endung etc. nicht genügen sollte, sie gegenüber ähnlichen als zulässig zu erachten, (vergl. Pleuronectidae). N. U. Zograff u. F. F. Kavraiski. Verzeichniss der Fische des Mus. der Universität Moskau (Russisch) Isvestiya imper. ob- schestwa lyubitelei estestwozn. Anthrop. Ethn. Sostoya, pre Mosk. Univ. Bd. 56, 1. Abth., 50 S. E. Perrier. L'eau de mer artificieUe ä l'expos. univ. de 1889. — 2 Recepte die sich gut bewährten. — C. r. soc. biol., (9) I 711-3. A. de Monaco. Appareil nouv. pour les rech. zool. et biol. dans des profondeurs determinees de la mer. — Am Ende des Kabels ein Gewicht „heurtoir'^, dies wird bis zur gewünschten Tiefe hinabgelassen, dann der Fangapparat selbst am Kabel nachgeschickt, wobei der Stoss gegen das (jewicht den App. öffnet. Nach dem Fang wird durch einen am Kabel niederlaufenden Ring der Deckel wieder zugeschoben. — C. r. ac. Paris, CIX 17—20, 2 Xyl. Vergl. auch C. r. congres intern. Paris, 89, wo versch. Apparate beschr. u. abgebildet. © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at 186 Dr. F. Hilgendorf: Bericht über die Leistungen A. C. Haddon. Zool. notes from Torres Straits : Caudal respir. in Periophtlialmus. Employment of Echeneis in turtle-fisliing. Am- phioxus. — Nature, Vol. 39 p. 285— 6, s. Systematik. Francis Day starb am 10. Juli 89 zu Cheltenham. Vergl. Zoologist (3) XIII 306—8; Nature XL 282. Vergleiche ferner: Trivialnamen schottisclier Seefisclie bei Faunen. Netze für Unters, der pelag. Fauna dicht über den Boden, im Midwater und an der Oberfläche, M'Intosh, „Pel. Fauna" bei Britannien. Anatomie u. Physiologie. Allgemeines. R. Schneider, Verbreit. u. Bedeut. des Eisens im anim. Org. — Abb. von Fischzähnen (Gadus) an denen stets der s. g. Schmelz stark eisenhaltig, auch schon in den halb ausgebildeten Zähnen. — Humboldt, VIII Heft 9 (Vergl. Ber. 88). Vergleiche: Allg. Stoffwechsel, List (bei Haut). Maximum der Asymmetrie durch Verschwinden einer Kiemenöffnung bei Achi- ropsis, Jordan u. Goss (Pleuronectidae). Anatomie des Amphioxus, Lankester (System.); desgl. von Protopterus, W. N. Parker. Haut. L. Pogojeff. lieber die Haut des Neunauges. — Alkohol- härtung, Goldbehandlung^ l^icrokarmin oder Haematox. - Färbung, oder auch Holzessig u. danach Alk.; die Schnitte dann 3— 20 Tage in Alk. u. Essig. Ferner Macerationspräp. (Alk., schweflige Säure u. Glycerin nach vorheriger Goldbehandlung). An den Epithelzellen sah Vf. keine Stacheln, nur 1 feinen Fortsatz zur Tiefe; nahe der Basalmembran sind die Epz. gestreckter (sog. Ersatzz.) u. zwischen ihnen spärliche Z. mit Forts, nach oben u. unten (Nervenzellen), ausserdem Becherzellen. Die viel grösseren Kolben werden mit den Pacinischen Körp. der höh. Vertebr. verglichen; es wird ihnen e. concentrisch geschichtete Hülle, ein centraler Cylinder mit ein- tretendem axialen Ner^^enfaden zugeschrieben. Direkte Verbindung mit Nerven des Coriums wurde aber nicht beob. Die Körnerzellen hält Vf. für Drüsen (nicht für Nervz.) Zu den Grübchen auf dem Kopfe von Petr. fiuv. ziehen Nervenbündel, von denen mehrfach Fasern zu langen spindelf. Zellen, welche das Centrum des Grüb- chens erfüllen u. den Nervz. der Epidermis (s. o.) gleichen, verfolgt wurden, sodass hier Gefühlsorgane vorliegen dürften. — Arch. für mikr. Anat., Bd, 34, S. 106—22, Tf.V. G. Wolf f. Die Cuticula der Wirbelthierepidermis. — lieber dem gestrichelten Saum (= Pseudocuticula Wolff) findet sich bei Amphioxus (Abb.) u. undeutlicher bei Petr. noch eine sehr feine echte, bisher übersehene Cuticula. Bei anderen Fischen, Cobitis, Rhodeus, A-nguilla (Abb.) ebenfalls eine Cut. aber ohne gestr. Saum. — Jenai. Zschr. f. Natw. XXIII 567—584, Tf. 28 (Fig. 1, 2). J. H. List. Zur Herkunft des Pigmentes in der Oberhaut. — Das in den Gefässen (nach Unters, bei Triton, vergl. Böttger's © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at in der Ichthyologie während des Jahres 1889. 187 Ber. 89 p. 266) gebildete u. von Leucocyten aufgenommene Pigm. wandert von den Zapfen aus, welche das Corium in die Epidermis sendet, nach der Oberfläche der Haut. Zweck des Transports ist Entfernung der Pigmentstoffe aus dem Körper [wozu aber die intensiv schwarze Pigmentirung des Peritoneums vieler Fische wenig har- monirt, sodass eher biolog. Momente in Frage kommen dürften. R.]. Beob. an den Barteln von Cobitis foss. u. der Haut von Torpedo marm. — Anat. Anz. IV 596—9. B. Solger. Zur Structur der Pigmentzelle- — Bei Gastrosteus pung. u. Esox mehrkernige Pigz. Die Melaninstäbchen richten sich (in der expandirten Zelle) radiär gegen einen hellen, zw. den 2 Kernen liegenden Fleck u. erinnern an Eabl's Schema vom Bau der ruhenden Zelle. - Z. Anz. XII 671—3, 1 Xyl. C. H. Eigen mann. Genesis of color-cells of fishes. — Bilden sich als grosse, anfangs farblose „Chromatoblasten", wenn die Gastrula 1/2 od. V3 des Eies überzogen hat, u. zwar sprossen sie zunächst vom Embryo in die Furchungshöhle hinein an der Stelle, wo der E. den Embryonalwulst trifft. Beob. an Hypsopsetta (Pleuro- nectide) u. Sciaena. West American Scientist, Juli 89. A. Bottard [„Bottarel" wohl Druckfehler]. L'appareil a venin des poissons. — Vf. unterscheidet 5 Typen. 1) Synanceia, die Gift- drüsen lagern in der Wand des Reservoirs zur Seite der Rücken- stacheln; 5 Todesfälle bei Bourbon. 2) Trachinus, Vf. bestätigt Gressin's Angaben (1884); dazu auch Cottus (scorpio u. bub.), bei dem die Scheiden der Opercularstacheln zur Laichzeit von Giftzellen aus- gekleidet sind, sonst aber höchstens inselartige Flecke solcher Z. zeigen. 3) Thalassophryme retic, hier ein Giftapp, an Opercularst. u. an den 2 Stacheln der D. I. 4) Muraena besitzt am Gaumen, ventral dem Os palatinum angelagert, eine Tasche, die an den Scheiden von 3 —4 bewegl. Palzähnen mündet u. auch mit einigen Maxillarz. in Verbindung steht; das Sekret hat starke verdauende Eigenschaft, daher Zerstörung der Drüse am todten Fisch. 5) Scor- paena (scrofa u. porcus). Das Gift wird in den Scheiden der D.- u. A. -Stacheln abgesondert, ähnlich wie bei Trachinus. — C. r. acad. Paris, T. 108 p. 534—7. A. Bottard. L'appareil a venin des poissons. — Enthält ausser den 5 Typen (s. C. r, ac. sei.) noch Angaben über Plotosus (lineatus). Er hat hinten am Pectoral- u. Dorsalstachel einen Canal, der das Gift aus e. birnf. Drüse an der Basis leitet; erst durch Abbrechen der Stachelspitze findet das Gift den Ausweg (Typ. Synanceia). — C. r. soc. de biol. Paris, (9) I (1889), p. 131-8. A. Bottard. Les poissons venimeux. Gontribution ä l'hygiene navale. Paris, 198 S. 8». Abb. E. Beraneck. Organes des sens branchiaux. Bull. soc. sei. nat. Neuchätel VI 240—1. — Nur Referat betreffend Arb. üb. die Kiemen-Sinnesorg. E. Ph. Allis. The anatomy and development of the lateral line System in Amia calva. — Vf. schildert Vertheilung u. Entw. der © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at 188 Dr. F. Hilgendorf: Bericht über die Leistungen Seitenlinien (d. h. der in Knochenröliren eingeschlossenen, mit ein- ander communicirenden u. mit dem Wasser erst durch einen ent- fernteren seitlichen Porus sich verbindenden Organe), darm der „pit Organs", d. h. linienf. angeordneter Org., die nur durch ein niedriges Grübchen des (an der Unterfläche gleichmässig verlaufenden) Epithels von der Oberfläche der Haut getrennt sind u. mit den zur selben Linie gehörigen Nachbarorg. sich nur durch sohde Epithelstränge verbinden. [Die durch eine Einsenkung des Epithels in seiner ganzen Dicke gebildeten „Nervensäckchen" anderer Ganoiden erwähnt und vergleicht Vf. nicht.] Die Seitenlorg. u. die Pit-Org. gehören beide zu den Nervenhügeln Merkels. Dagegen zähjt die 3. Art der Haut- sinnesorg. bei Amia, die „surface sense-organs" zu den Endknospen M.'s; sie gehören nicht nach Linien zusammen, sie bedecken den ganzen Kopf, auch die von den Nervhüg. freigelassenen Theile (Mund- ränder, Operkeln, Scheitel, Kiemenhaut wie auch Mundhöhle) ; dorsal gehen sie bis zur Rückenflosse nach hinten. — Die Grübchen- organe bilden jederseits 3 Querreihen auf dem Hinterkopf, 1 Längs- u. 1 Qlinie auf der Wange, 1 Ql. hinten auf der Mandibel u. 1 Ql. in d. Mitte der Gularplatte, ausserdem 1 vom Anf. der L. 1. zur Rückfl. aufsteigende u. 1 dicht üb. der L. 1. an dieser verlaufende („accescor. L. 1.") Reihe. Die Org. der Seiten! verlaufen in der bei Knochen- fischen typ. Weise, jedoch ist eine Quercommissur vorn an der Infra- orbitallinie vorh., die durch das Ethmoid verläuft u. nur bei Ganoiden auftritt. Vf. unterscheidet als Theile: den Infraorbital - Canal (21), Supraorbitalc. (7), Operculo- Mandibulare. (17), die supratemporale Quercommissur (3), die Laterallinie des Rumpfes. Die Zahlen der in jedem Theil auftretenden Sinnesorgane (vergl. die Klammern) werden von vorn gezählt. In dem Infrorbc. gehört das 1. — 4. Sinn- organ eigentlich
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