5 other resources 1 2 3 4 5 resources 5.1. Keywords – Definitions: Ableism: Attitudes, actions, or structures that belittle or put down a person(s) because of actual or perceived physical, developmental or mental impairment. Abuser (See Person Doing Harm) Accountable, Accountability: For people involved, thinking about the ways they may have contributed to violence, recognizing their roles, acknowledging the ways they may need to make amends for their actions and make changes toward ensuring that violence does not continue and that healthy alternatives can take its place. Ageism: Attitudes, actions, or structures that belittle or put down a person(s) because of their youth or actual or perceived lack of lived experience. Ally (See Community Ally): Bisexual: Being attracted to two sexes or two genders, but not necessarily simultaneously or equally. Bystander: Someone not directly involved in a situation of harm, but who may have witnessed the harm and who may be called on to address the situation of harm or prevent future harm from happening. Creative Interventions tends to use the term allies rather than bystanders since the term bystanders sometimes seems like someone who just happens to be in the area of where the violence happened rather than someone who may have community allies. Collective: An approach relying on collaboration including shared capacity, resources and decision-making. Collusion, Collude, Colluding: Acting on behalf of the person(s), groups or institutions perpetrating harm through supporting their violence, denying it, minimizing it, excusing it, or by blaming the survivor or victim. Community: A grouping of people based on some common experience including geography, interests or values, identities, or interests. When we use this term we do not assume complete agreement within the group nor do we assume it to have only positive dynamics. Community Accountability: A process in which a community such as family, friends, neighbors, co-workers or community members work together to transform situations of harm. This can also describe a process in which the community recognizes that they are impacted by violence even if it is primarily between individuals, that they may have participated in allowing the violence to happen or even causing the violence, and are responsible for resolving the violence. Section 5, Page 2 www.creative-interventions.org Community Ally: or someone from within a larger community) who may become involved as an active help bring about positive change. Community-Based: Approaches that build on and promote community knowledge, skills, values and resources especially those of oppressed communities. Criminal Legal System: Another name for the criminal justice system but one which emphasizes that this system may actually not be connected to real justice. It may also take into account the civil system of law such as that governing divorce, child custody, property ownership and lawsuits. Criminal Justice System: The system controlled by the state or the government which produces people who are considered illegal, laws that determine who is criminal and who is not, the system under which people are determined to be criminal or not, the system of punishments and the actual carrying out of the punishment, itself, most notably including incarceration, parole and probation, and the death penalty. Criminalization: The process through which actions (most often directly associated with people oppressed communities) become illegal. Culture: A shared system of learned values, beliefs, and practices of a group of people. Engagement: Meaningful communication with someone including their involvement or participation in an intervention. Gay: Gender: Social constructions applied to behaviors, expectations, roles, representations used to delineate people as men, women, and transgender or gender-variant. Different from sex or sexuality. Gender-Based Violence: individuals or groups on the basis of their gender. Gender Queer or Gender Non-Conforming: Demonstrating gender behaviors and traits Gendered Violence: A phrase often used instead of gender-based violence to describe violence that targets individuals or group on the basis of their gender or through ideas and actions that force certain ideas about gender through the use of violence. Harm: Some form of injury to a person, group or community. This injury can be of many Section 5, Page 3 www.creative-interventions.org 1 2 3 4 5 resources Harm Reduction: A set of practical strategies that reduce negative consequences of the use itself while engaging users in deciding the best course of action. Recently, harm reduction principles have been applied to a range of situations including interpersonal violence to advocate for approaches that involve those people closest in to the situation of harm to reduce as many harmful factors as possible while acknowledging that complete separation may not be possible or favorable. Heteronormativity: marginalizing people who do not identify as heterosexual and carrying out the activities and institutions of everyday life as if everyone is and should be heterosexual. Heterosexism: A system privileging heterosexuality above all other sexual orientations and marginalizing people who do not identify as heterosexual. Hir: A gender neutral pronoun that can be used instead of his/hers. Holistic: Holding all parts including survivor(s), allies/community, person(s) doing harm to possibilities of positive change. Homophobia: The irrational fear and intolerance of people who are homosexual or of but instead directed to other people. Interpersonal Violence: Harm occurring between people in non-intimate relationships, usually in workplaces, community networks or institutions, or other collective formations. Intervention: Intimate Violence: A phrase used to describe actions including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse of children, elders, and people with disabilities by people known to them. It also includes intimate partner abuse, sexual violence committed in the context of a relationship, marital rape. Lesbian: Liberation: Liberatory Approach: An approach for addressing harm that does not rely on rely upon the state or other oppressive systems, but instead look to communities to end harm as Male Supremacy: as their actions, ideas, and beliefs, that is maintained through the exploitation and repression of people who do not identify as male. Nativism: The policy and practice of favoring the people already living in a place (usually a country or nation) over immigrants. Section 5, Page 4 www.creative-interventions.org Oppression: Exercise of power and authority over another person(s). Organic: An approach that builds from what people and communities already know and value. Outing: Making public an identity or behavior someone wants to keep private. While usually used in terms of gender or sexuality outing can also include disclosing health conditions, immigration status, age, etc. Patriarchy: People of Color: Indigenous, and mixed and biracial persons of these ethnicities, races, or cultures who identify themselves in resistance to white supremacy in a collective and cultural community. Perpetrator (See Person Doing Harm) Person Doing Harm: The primary person committing or perpetrating harm or the people directly committing or perpetrating harm in a situation of interpersonal violence. Other people may also be involved as people doing harm, perhaps in a less direct way, by encouraging or tolerating harm or by discouraging efforts to address, stop or prevent harm. Prison Industrial Complex: A term recognizing prisons and jails as a part of a broad system that ties together the state or the government; industries such as those building of determining who is criminal and who is not; and ruling the way that the public thinks criminals are actually a product of a larger capitalist system that feeds upon the poverty, upon race, class, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, religion, national origin and other forms of discrimination. Queer: increasingly come to be an umbrella term to describe sexual orientations or gender identities that reject heteronormativity. Racism: A system that uses the concept of race as the basis for maintaining inequality in society. Regenerative: Create solutions that expand healthy change to more people and more communities. Restorative Justice: A model that aims to repair harm by engaging community members and restoring community balance by calling on shared values, principles, and practices of accountability. Section 5, Page 5 www.creative-interventions.org 1 2 3 4 5 resources Self-Determination: A concept describing the ability and practice of communities to determine their own dealings without being controlled or restrained by outside or governmental forces. This is sometimes also used to describe the ability and practice of individuals, especially those usually oppressed, to be able to carry out their thoughts and activities without restraint or control by others (usually those who would oppress them) or governmental forces. State: Set of people and interests that determine the laws, policies, and practices of a State Violence: Violence perpetrated at the hands of or on the behalf of state. This can include police violence, military violence, the types of punishments and uses of control by schools and so on. Survivor: Person(s) harmed. The word survivor is often used as a more positive way to think of someone who has been harmed. Sometimes this word is used interchangeably