And Stereo a Tash of the Late Through Th~Sarly '608 Found in Amateur Sbm Slides by Mmrk W1b Ple Who Shot the Slides

and Stereo A tash of the late through th~sarly '608 found in amateur sbm slides by Mmrk W1b ple who shot the slides. This isn't small, personal shop with a friend- Store Interiors the owner shown in the photo, ly sales staff ready to assist you. iews taken inside stores and but is apparently one of the sales Our second view is completely shops are often fun, allowing clerks employed at the store. The unidenaed. I found the two you to see what was sold at glass cases in the counters and in Kodachrome film chips loose in a vthe time and how it was displayed. the wall behhd them are well used Realist mounting kit, and 1 Our first view this issue is unla- stocked with sweaters of all colors decided they deserved to be through and other small clothing items. mounted1 This scene appears to beled, but after looking show the other slides it was with, I feel Other slides in the set that have been taken in some sort of confident in stating that this is the the rear half of the store is raised a small tobacco or cutlery shop interior of a women's clothing couple steps hlgher than the part around Christmas time. There Is a store in Portland, Oregon, in the shown here, and that is where strip of fake idcles runnlng most 1950s which was run by the cou- many racks of dresses were of the length of the store, and arranged, It appears to have Men a some holly decorations thrown In too. Besides the pipes and cans of tobacco, other items visible indude small cutlery items, pocket watches, pens, magnifymg glasses, and sunglasses. One glass cabinet appears to contain medicines or media, and I beliwe the stack of kesnearest the camera on the le€t to be strings ofCMstmas lights. A brilliant chrome cash register is built into the counter between the ghss cases. It looks like business has kngood, as there hasn't been theto sweep up the unsightly debris on the floor! rr A Puhlxnl~onol National Stereoscopic- Association, Inc.

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NSA Raar~3 of Directc Bill C. Wa Iton, Chalrrnon .Anrh ~,." t Criscom D~eter Lorenz RUSSI211 Norton Page 4 Page 70 Page 78 T.K. Treadwell ..Airha1 -. _rd Twichell Helena E. Wright NSA Officrrs REGULAR Mary Anr I Sell, President 3 View-Master/TCE/Cancer Bill Davis, Vice President FEATURES [lean Kamin, Vi,ce President, Acl Linked in Study Larry HI ?ss, Secretory by john Dennis David Wheeler, Treasurer brereo World Stafl 2 Editor's View lohn Dennis, Editor Comments and Lawrence Kaufman, Contnbutin<7 Editor Observations 4 Zeiss lkon and Stereo Photography Mark Willke, An Director by john Dennis by Dieter lorenz Sylvia Dennis, Subscription Ma1ioger Don R. Cibbs, Back Issues Morlager - - 10 A 3-D lcon Turns 50 How to Rench U,s: 24 The Society . . . .. NSA Membership News from the Behind the Scenes of Bwana Devil (New rnembprrh!pr, rpnrwoir 8 niidn.rr chonqa) Stereoscopic , by Ray Zone P.O. Box 86708, Portland, OR 97286 Society o Amer~ca by Roy Zone Questions Concernina., Steii~oCZ'trrl d Subscriptions 17 Photo Patents Past P. 0. Box 86708, Portland, OR '97286 e-mail: stw'[email protected] m review by /ohn Dennis or: [email protected] 1 26 Nediews Stereo worm Back Issue S Current Information (Wnlr for ovnilohrliry B pncpr ) on Stereo Today 18 Santa vs. The Snowman NSA, 23575 C R. 77, Calhan, CC by David Storkman review by Lawrence Kaufman & /ohn Dennis Stereo World Editorial 0 (l~tfrrrto the Piirtnr, on>ilt,i k rnl~ndnr 561 0 SE 71 st Ave., Portland, OR (503) 771-4440 20 3-D Trends at Photokina 2002 e-mail: [email protected] by Dieter Lorenz ------28 Classified Stereo World Advertisi Buy, Sell, or (Cbir!!jrd k d~rplnyadrl Trade It Here 5610 SE 71st Ave., Portland, OR (503) 771-4440 23 World's First Freevision Headstone e-mail: [email protected] by Ray Zone (inrrn flyerr k niicfion odr) Jeffrey Kraus PO Box 99, Modena, NY 12548 (845) 255-791 3 e-mail: jkrausbhvc.rr.corr Strreo World (ISSN 0191-4030) is publ~rhedb~monthly by the Nat~onal Oliver Wendell Holmc Stereorcop~cAsroc~ation. Inc , PO Box tereoscopic Research Lil 86708, Portland, OR 97286. Ent~re Front Cover: contents C2002, all riqhts resewcd. 3665 Erie Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45208 Mater~alIn th~spubl~cat~on may not In this Realist slide taken during the filming of Bwana Devil, Lothrop Worth ASC is e-mail: [email protected] be reproduced w~thoutwrlltcn pcr- seen up top, behind the Natural Vision camera on the crane. In front of him is loe mlrrlon of the NSA. Inc. Pr~nledIn Biroc ASC, director of photography. Robert Stock and Barbara Britton pose on the USA. A subrcr~ptionto Sterro MforM ir Stereoscopic Society of America par1 ol NSA membership. Annual ground beside somebody's brand new Nosh Rambler. More production stereos can (Af1,l~ot~dwilil 111~~Nol#onol Stprrorconir Arronnt~onl membership dues: $26 th~rdclars US, been seen in "A 3-0 lcon Turns 50" by Roy Zone. 138 l~rrtclass US, $38 Canada and Paul Talbot, Mc mbership Seer'etary (Stereo courtesy of the Acoderny of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.) 6203 Avery Island Ave., Austin,T: 78727 foreign surface, $56 lnternatonal alr. < mall Annual membersh~piinclude six (512) 257-3056 Issuer of SIpreo World, a plasllc lorqnette viewer, and a memberrhlp Back Cover: Stereo World on the h,, d~rectory. This Zeiss lkon Stereo Ideal was a 1926 drop bed camera from Ico. Many more www.stereoview.orq Afrrwhrr, Zeiss lkon stereo cameras can be seen in "Zeiss lkon and Stereo Photography" lntrnrntior~nl.Str~rclncn~pit C'nior! by Dieter Lorenz, page 4. Comments and Observations john Dennis

50 Years! everyone concerned, it proved to cent Hospital, where he noticed t's a bit of a shock to realize it be a benign, slow growing mass Sylvia's name on MRI scans of cur- was 50 years ago that a low bud- without intrusions into brain tis- rent patients and visited her short- get 3-D production called Rwana sue, and was removed successfully ly after the operation. He was I three days after its discovery. delighted that she recognized him, Llevil was drawing audiences to theaters in record numbers and Within a few minutes of waking and caught up with me later in a kicking off the brief Hollywood up following surgery, she felt more cafeteria line to talk about the 3-D movie frenzy of of the early alert than she had for some time amazingly small world of both 1950s. While I never saw Bwana and her memory now again easily stereo and brain surgery. Devil, I used every resource of an surpasses mine. She has upgraded Just when this issue was finally enthusiastic ten year old to make it the NSA membership records to a close to completion, Art Director to all of the subsequent 3-D films level of organization far above that Mark Willke was incapacitated appearing at the two theaters with- of my already chaotic SW editorial with what at first seemed like the in walking distance of my house. office, which had also suffered the flu. His symptoms progressed to a After we saw It Came From Outer effects of my distraction before, point where his doctor ordered an Space, my father arranged a visit to during and after her surgery. ultrasound at St. Vincent to check the projection booth. I felt like It should probably come as no his liver for possible food-borne some kind of honored royal guest, surprise that there was a 3-D con- hepatitis. On duty that night to being allowed to watch the huge nection to our sudden and intense interpret the resulting images for reels feeding the two linked projec- medical adventure. NSA member, him was, you guessed it, John Roll. tors beaming their glowing images master stereographer, and neuro- Fortunately, all tests for hepatitis through the big polarizers hung surgical imaging specialist John were negative and Mark soon over the outside of the projection Roll had recently moved to Port- regained the energy to complete me ports. I saved every pair of 3-D land and joined the staff at St. Vin- the layout of this issue. glasses along with The Story of 1)olaroid 3-0 Movies folder handed out at some showings (SW Vol. 28 No. 2, page 20). By the time the Peter Palmquist 1936-2003 first wave of 3-D comics appeared that same fall, I was hooked- s this issue was about to go to ary 11. He never regained con- along with, I suspect, many other Apress, we learned of the death of sciousness and died surrounded by future NSA members. Our feature NSA past president and noted his family. article by Ray Zone provides a fas- photographic historian Peter Eric A detailed memorial to Peter can cinating look behind the scenes Palmquist, who died January 13, be found on the NSA web site during the production of this cru- 2003, in Oakland, California. www.stereoview.org and a feature cial yet marginal film. While walking his dog in covering his prolific work in so Emeryville, he suffered a severe many areas of the history of pho- Due to Circumstances... head injury after a speeding car tography will appear in our next This issue was expected to follow struck him in a crosswalk on Janu- issue. mGB quickly on the heels of the previous one in the continual effort to advance the publication schedule. Unfortunately, medical situations combined to cause a series of delays. In September, NSA Circula- Explore the World tion Secretary Sylvia Dennis was of 3-L) Imaging, Past & Present, in diagnosed with a brain tumor following several weeks of problems remembering words and finishing sentences. To the great relief of

f you have comments or questions for the Ieditor concerning any stereo-related matter appearing (or missing) in the pages of Stereo NATIONAL P.0. BOX 14801 World, please write to /ohn Dennis, Stereo STEREOSCOPIC Columbus World Editorial Office, 5610 SE 71 st Ave., Portland, OR 97206. OH 43214

2 Volume 29, Number 2 Sl'l?REOWORLD View-Master/TCE/ the clean UP plan for the next 30 years essentially equal the amount they are requesting the polluters to Ca nce r Lin ked in Stud)/ pay. They especially questioned by John Denr~is what seems like an "already signed sealed and delivered" consent he most official confirmation Following the 2002 liver cancer decree in light of the DEQ's admis- yet of a link between death of former View-Master Cre- sion that it didn't actually know Ttrichloroethylene (TCE)expo- ative Vice President Gary Evans, just how much TCE was actually sure and cancer has now been pro- his daughter Amanda Evans orga- contaminating the ground water in vided to those who once worked at nized Victims of TCE Exposure-A the aquifer. the View-Master plant and con- Lasting Legacy (V.O.T.E.). She Another aspect of the clean up sumed TCE daily from the plant's reports that the group's first activi- plan revealed at the hearing-was well and landmark water tower in ty, an October 13, 2002 fund raiser that discharge levels of TCE to be Beaverton, Oregon. in Portland attracted about 100 pumped into nearby Fanno Creek On January 21, 2003, prelimi- people, many of them former wetland (now surrounded by many nary findings of a joint study by View-Master workers who felt freer homes) is to be 10 times the feder- the federal Agency for Toxic Sub- to talk about the case with each al limit of 5 parts per billion. Some stances & Disease Registery and other than at previous meetings at the hearing expressed skepticism the Oregon Department of Human sponsored by Mattel. (SW Vol. 28 that adequate funding for either Services were made public. Among No. 6, page 7.) Local press coverage continued research or a safe clean 459 workers who died between (both print and TV) was impres- up are probable in light of the 1995 and 2001, twice the normally sive, with stories appearing both state's budget crisis and the current expected number died of pancreat- before and after the event. A num- direction of the federal EPA. ic cancer and three times as many ber of people who had worked at View-Master's legacy in Oregon died of kidney cancer as in the the plant learned about the group is likely to become more contro- general population. and called to be included on its versial as time goes by. Responding The TCE, used to clean metal mailing list. V.O.T.E. can be con- to the January 21 research findings parts, was dumped on the ground tacted at (800) 305-3133 or from the Oregon Department of from 1952 through 1980, leaving TCEin3DC?yahoo.com. Human Services, Mattel Portland about 25,000 former View-Master A public hearing by the Oregon Manager Dan Nottage is quoted as workers with varying degrees of Department of Environmental saying, "A lot of things regarding exposure and lingering concern. A Quality on December 5, 2002, out- TCE are still pretty inconclusive." 1998 investigation by the Oregon lined plans for removing the cont- Press reports the following day Department of Environmental aminated soil at the site-a project announced that the free medical Quality found that TCE had estimated to take 30 years and cost screenings for former View-master reached the plant's well and conta- $3.45 million. V.O.T.E. members workers would end soon, although minated the water at 320 times the present questioned both the length as of this writing that has not been permitted federal level. (See SW of the effort and the means by mentioned on the web site set up Vol. 28 No. 4, page 28.) which the cost estimate was made, by the company for concerned for- Michael Heumann, lead epi- saying DEQ's costs for overseeing mer workers: www.hallstreet.com. F~O demiologist for the Oregon Depart- ...... ment of Human Services study, View-Master production line workers assemble gift packs in 1984. Use of TCE to clean hopes to win support and financ- metal parts had been discontinued by this time, but the presence of the chemical in the ing to continue the study of what ground and well water was unsuspected. Stereo by the author. is a unique case of TCE water cant- -I amination and human exposure. For one thing, the exposure was limited to employees of the plant, as the surrounding homes and businesses were, fortunately, hooked up to a municipal water system. In addition, unlike other well known cases such as that in Woburn, MA, of A Civil Action fame, TCE (in very high levels) was the only contaminating chemical present in the View-Master water. To see the state's preliminary View-MasterITCE report, visit: www.0hd.hr.u~.

s7?EREOWDRZD Volume 29, Number 2 3 and

A Brief History of Zeiss Ikon named Zeiss Ikon AG of Dresden. MECHANIK Zeiss Ikon Dresden to he foundation of Zeiss Ikon in Naturally, stereoscopy played its lastly VER Zeiss Ikon Dresden. After 1926 was the last step in a role within this consortium. a lot of legal proceedings which Tsequence of alliances within After the end of World War 11, were finally lost by the Dresden the German photographic industry Germany was divided into separate VER company, it had to give up the which started in 1909. That year, zones of the occupation forces. name "Zeiss Ikon" in 1958 and the Huttig, Krugener, Wiinsche While the western zones of the was now named VER Kinowerke. and Zeiss-Palmos companies American, British and French This was followed by a concentra- tion of the entire GDR camera merged as Ica AG, with the Zulauf forces were united into the Federal company of Zurich joining in Republic of Germany, the Soviet- industry which ended January lst, 1912. In 1920 the camera factories Russian zone remained separate 1964 with a new name: "VEB Nettel of Sontheim and Contessa and became the German Democra- PENTACON DRESDEN, Kamera- und of Stuttgart merged as Contessa- tic Republic (GDR). This led to seri- Kinowerke". Following German Nettel AG. ous consequences for Zeiss Ikon: reunification in 1990, the exis- In 1926, mergers brought the separation of the Zeiss Ikon tence of this "Kombinat" ended. together the Ica AG, the Contessa factory of Stuttgart from the facto- The name PENTACON was sold to ries of Dresden. The Dresden Zeiss Heinrich Mandermann for his Nettel AG , the optical factory of C.P. Goerz of Berlin and the Erne- Ikon AG was expropriated in 1948 firm, which became "PENTACON mann factory of Dresden. This and became "Volkseigener Betrieb" GMUH Foto- und Feinwerktechnik conglomeration of factories pro- (VEB) followed by multiple name Dresden". ducing photographic as well as changes from MECHANIK Zeiss The Western Zeiss Ikon compa- cinematographic equipment was IKON VEB Dresden, to OPTIK Zeiss ny, located since 1945 in the for- Ikon VEB Dresden, to VEU mer Contessa factory at Stuttgart

Fig. 1. Zeiss lkon box type stereo Fig. 2. Zeiss lkon Stereo Palmos Fig. 3. Zeiss lkon Stereo Ideal. Drop camera Polyskop (Ica construction). Camera. Strut construction from Ica bed Camera from Ica 1926. (Photo: Author) 1926. (Photo: Author.) (Photo: Author) I 1

4 Volume 29, Number 2 Sl'EREO~lUD S!C,< "r,,".,.,"np~ A,',."",

Stereu. , ,,,..t,. ,. .., Fig. 6. Zeiss lkon Ortho Stereoscope w. 1 ,.,...... 8, . , ,., Fig. 4. Zeiss lkon logo on a Polyskop for stereo cards and transparencies stereo comera. (photo: Author.) up to 9 x 18 cm. Ica construction. (Photo: Technische Sommlungen Dresden.) (and after 1958 the only "Zeiss Ikon AG"), produced cameras and other photographic equipment till 1970. At that time it slipped into the vortex of the decline of the German camera industry, which could not compete any more with rivals from the Far East. Zeiss Ikon Stereoscopy in the 1920s and 1930s I__ J When Zeiss Ikon was founded, Fig. 5. Ica Stereoscopes. Reproduc- each of the merged factories had tion from an Ica price list. been producing stereo cameras ...... thanks to the remaining popularity the Zeiss Ikon catalog includes 1 I of stereoscopy. The first Zeiss Ikon 1 only seven stereo cameras, and the Fig. 7. Zeiss lkon Stereoscope No. catalog of 1927 shows this clearly 1931 catalog has just four. (Table 628.6 for stereo views and trans- with 20 different stereo camera 1). This represented more than a parencies 45 x 107 mm. Ica con- models-more than any other (photo: AU~~OC) reduction of available formats. and struction. camera factory had in production. was probably part of a general ten- Additionally there were diverse dency away from stereo in those era. This might be due to a person- variants of each model. The spec- years. al preference of the dealer, and the trum reached from stereo box cam- Concurrent with Zeiss Ikon result might not be representative eras (Fig. I), to stereo strut cameras stereo cameras were the Hei- because of the low number of (Fig. 2), stereo drop bed cameras doskopes and Rolleidoscopes (Fig. pieces sold. However, the tendency (Fig. 3) and expensive 3-D SLR 8) from Franke & Heidecke of should be clear. cameras. Image sizes ranged from Braunschweig, competing in the After 1931 Zeiss Ikon catalogs the small 45 x 107mm to 6 x 13cm high price range during the first included no stereo cameras at all. and some minor formats to the half of the 1920s. This can be seen There were only references to large 9 x 18cm, at that time only in stereo camera sales figures from accessories with which the 13 x 18 scarcely in use. Most of these a Munich photo dealer. Records models of the travel cameras Kos- designs were from the 1920s, but from 1914 to 1932 show that the mopolit, Elegant (till about 1934) some went back to 1910 and earli- Zeiss Ikon forerunners were lead- and Hochtourist (till 1931) could er. ing prior to 1924 but then Franke be used for stereoscopy. Nine of the 20 stereo cameras & Heidecke took the lead. After It seems that from the begin- came from the former Ica AG ( see 1925, in fact, this dealer did not ning, Zeiss Ikon sold only the table 1).The stereo cameras sold at sell a single Zeiss Ikon stereo cam- stereo cameras remaining from the that time mostly show the logo of I the forerunner firm and sometimes additionally the Zeiss Ikon logo Table 7. Stereo-Cameras from Zeiss lkon (Fig. 4). Ica was also the leading r Total Contessa-hlettel Inn < manufacturer of stereo viewers (Figs. 5 to 7). This multiplicity of stereo cameras looked like a "grocery store", which suggested a severe reduction in the variety of camera types was due. It didn't take long. The 1929

Sl'EREOWORCD Volume 29, Number 2 5 Fig. 7 7. Viewer for 6 x 13 cm stereo Fig. 8. Rolleidoskop from Franke & prints from Carl Zeiss jena, the so Heidecke, Brunswick for taking called "Luscher-Brucke". (photo: Author.) 6 x 73 cm stereo views. (photo: ~uth0r.j The mental reservations of Zeiss Ikon managers against stereoscopy is revealed in a letter sent to Otto Schonstein, the founder of the Raumbild-Verlag, in February, 1935 after he had sent them the first issue of his journal Das Raumbild. Among other things, the letter I , >d .A includes what could be translated Fig. 72. Zeiss lkon Magniphot enlarger with Stereotar C and special as follows. "... On the other hand printing frame. Reproduction from we will not suppress that in our Photographie und Forschung, experience up to now all efforts to Vol. 3, No. 7, p. 209, October 7941. Fig. 9. Leica camera with stereo carry stereo photography into wide ...... adapter "Stereoly". Reproduction spheres failed because of the indo- from Leitz advertising. (See SW Vol. these cameras were probably 79 No. 3, paqe 76.) lence of the by far largest majority remainders.) of the amateurs." To this, nothing Contax Stereo Photography forerunner factories, with parts more needs to be said. remaining in stock used for pro- (Mr. Bernd K. Otto of Frankfurt1 The Contax 35mm camera was duction. If and for about how long Main informed the author that in Zeiss Ikon's answer to the Leica camera from the Leitz factory. this production was maintained is July 1937 Zeiss Ikon published a (C779) Therefore it's not surprising that unknown. In any case, no new special list in which two Zeiss Ikon stereo camera came on stereo cameras for 4.5 x 10.7 cm Zeiss Ikon also followed Leitz in the market and all stereo cameras plates were listed, the Plascop and the field of stereoscopy. About 1930, Leica designers sold since 1926 were from the fore- the Stereo-Simplex-Ernoflex.Not runner factories. included in the main 1937 catalog, brought to the market the "Stere- oly" stereo attachment which, positioned in front of the normal Fig. 70. Zeiss lkon Contax I1 with the 7 94 7 Stereotar C, the prism attachment removed. lens (Fig. 9), produced a stereo pair (Photo: Thomas Wunschel.) of two vertical images within the 24 x 36mm format. Additionally a stereo slide viewer was available. In 1939 Leitz brought out accessories for the Leitz 35mm projector for stereo projection with polarized light. About 1941 the Stereo-Elmar followed as a special stereo double lens together with a removable prism attachment. Zeiss Ikon's answer to these devices was announced in 1941. The Contax Stereo System had actually been completed some time before; the exact date is unknown. Contrary to the Leitz system, Zeiss Ikon started with a special stereo lens, a double lens with a base of 18 mm which could be used directly for close up pho-

6 Volume 29, Number 2 STEREOWDRLD 1 Fig. IS. Kiev stereo attachment on a Kiev camera. Reproduction from advertising.

Fig. 13. Raurnbild-Verlag stereoscopic manual for teaching auxiliary electricians by Dr. Willy Pfoff. Left page opened for stereoscopic viewing. (photo: ~uthor.) ...... tography or with a prism attachment for a 60mm base (Fig. 10) for normal distances. Additionally there were lenses for close up shooting and a special view finder. There was a lenticular stereoscope for viewing 6 x 13 cm stereo I images on paper, the so called Fig. 74. Stereo attachment from VEB Luscher-Rrucke from Carl Zeiss of Carl Zeiss Jena for distances above 2 Jena (Fig. 11) which was normally meters (right) and Contax D camera Fig. 16. Petaplast stereo camera used for viewing photogrammetric close up stereo attachment (left). (prototype). The prism unit was (Photo.: Thomas Wunschel.) stereoscopic images. The stereo mounted on the bar in front of the print pairs were created using the dual lenses. Rubber cup on the left double lens with the prism attach- itary and other war related institu- eyepiece of the stereo through-the- ment mounted on the Zeiss Mag- tions. One of these was Raumbild- lenses viewfinder can be seen at niphot enlarger and a special print- VerlagIOtto Schonstein. The right. ing frame (Fig. 12). This way, 6 x Chemist Dr. Willy Pfaff used the (Photo: Technische Sammlungen Dresden.) 13 stereographs could be obtained system for printed short courses directly from the stereo negatives with stereo images for teaching tax" (Mirror Contax). For this cam- without the need to transpose the auxiliary electricians (Fig. 13) and era there were stereo attachments images in mounting. auxiliary welders as well as for a available from the VER Carl Zeiss of For projection of Contax stereo stereoscopic report on a special Jena (Fig. 14) with stereo bases for slides there was a special stereo industrial chemical process. Not normal and close up photography projection attachment named for public distribution, these 3-D (the latter possibly being only pro- "Stericon C 11" with polarizing fil- volumes produced by Schonstein totypes). These were attachments ters for use on the Zeiss Ikon slide were for official use only and were for the standard lenses, similar in projector "Aviso 11". A slide viewer probably top secret. principle to the early Leica stereo (which transposed the images on The system was also used in attachments. They could be used the single slide) was under con- medicine. It is known that the day not only on Zeiss Ikon cameras struction. However, it did not before the devastating bombing of but also on other cameras pro- come out until the end of World Dresden in February, 1945, stereo- duced in the DDR. A similar stereo War I1 in 1945. scopic color slides of surgical oper- attachment was produced by the Unlike the Leica stereo system, ations by the famous Professor Kiev camera factory (Fig. 15) which the focal plane shutter in the Con- Sauerbruch were shown to military had been founded in the Ukraine tax camera runs vertically. There- physicians at the Zeiss Ikon factory after the dismantling of the Dres- fore the two stereo halves are there. den Zeiss Ikon factory following exposed simultaneously. The hori- World War 11. This factory also pro- zontal movement of Leica shutters duced a 35 mm camera developed could cause problems with fast from the Contax. moving subjects, as the slit exposes The first new camera made in The development division of one side of the frame slightly Dresden after World War I1 (at that VEB Zeiss Ikon was active in the ahead of the other. time the name Zeiss Ikon still was field of stereoscopy. Helmut Fisch- Because of the war the Contax in use) was a mirror reflex camera er of Dresden constructed a stereo- stereo system did not reach the with a pentaprism, the Contax D, scopic mirror reflex camera with market. It was reserved for the mil- vernacularly called "Spiegel-Con- single images of 24 x 23mm which

.%TEREOWDRLD Volume 29, Number 2 7 Fig. 19. Ze~sslkon Contax /la with the 1955 Stereotar C prism unit and the 1955 Stereotar C dual lenses stereo viewfinder attached. and Contameter (viewer and dis- (Photo: Thomas Wunschel.) tance meter) without the prism attachment in place. (Photo: Thomas Wunschel.)

24, 63, and lOOmm covered the total range from "near" to "far".

I The binocular view finder showed Fig. 17. Belplasca 35mm stereo the field of view stereoscopically. camera. Reproduction from Accessories were an electrical advertising. motor drive, an electrical remote control and a 17 meter bulk film left nothing to be desired. The cassette. development process obviously Unfortunately this camera did Fig. 20 Zeiss lkon Contax Ila with the 1955 Stereotar C and accessories took so long that VEB Zeiss Ikon not go into production due to for close up stereo photography. meanwhile had become Pentacon, high production costs and too low Reproduction from Photographie thus the camera name "Pentaplast" a demand. Going from prototype und Forschung, Vol. 7, No. 7, p. (Fig. 16). It was equipped with to full production might have 206, September 1957. interchangeable double lenses with taken so long that the high inter- a base of 24 mm (with two Tessar est in stereoscopy of the 1950s normal and panorama photos, and with focal lengths of 37.5mm and would have already been in could change formats from expo- 50mm respectively) and a prism decline. sure to exposure. A prototype of attachment with a base of 100 The Pentaplast movable prism the camera was presented at the mm. A special feature allowed one concept, probably a first, caught Photokina of Cologne of 1996, but of the two prisms to be moved side on again in 1995 when Hans-Jorg production failed because of the wards and replaced by a gray filter Schonherr of Camera Works Noble, small market potential and a lack matching the density of the prism. Dresden-Niedersedlitz, created the of financial resources. This provided a stereo base of "universal camera P 3". This cam- Nvertheless the stereoscopic 63mm. The three possible bases of era was able to take stereoscopic, boom of the 1950s did not completely bypass DDR camera produc- Fig. 21. Zeiss lkon Contaflex camera and stereo prism attachment "Steritar B". tion. A stereo camera was brought (Photo: Thomas Wunschel.) to the market, not by Zeiss Ikon but by the Dresden VER Relca Werk. Konrad Koehl started design work in 1953 which led to the production of the "Belplasca" in 1954. This was a stereoscopic view finder camera with a single image format of 24 x 30mm (Fig. 17). It was a favorite among stereographers and remains a sought after camera among todays practitioners. The Zeiss Ikon factory of Stuttgart in the Federal Republic of Germany after World War 11 took up production not only of the Contax view finder camera but, after 1951, the Contax stereo system as well. Since the original design documents had been lost,

8 Volume 29, Number 2 ~~RLD - 1 Fig. 22. Zeiss lkon Contina camera with Stereotar D. Reproduction from Photographie und Forschung, Vol. 7, No. 7, p. 277, September 7957.

these items were newly developed and improved. The double lens Fig. 23. Zeiss Ikon stereo slide viewers, oo version in front and o version behind. and removable prism attachment (Photo: Thomas Wunschel.) (Figs. 18 & 19) for the Contax (called Stereotar C) were supple- tax and later the Contarex SLR to German factories like Agfa, Rollei mented by new close up attach- be used on a Zeiss stereo micro- or Voigtlander, but from less ments (Fig. 20). In addition, new scope. This provides an indication known firms like Wilhelm Witt of prism attachments for use in front of where most clients for the Con- Hamburg (Iloca Stereo. Fig. 25), of single lenses were brought out tax stereo system could be found: Gebriider Wirgin of Wiesbaden for the Contaflex and the Contina in science and technology. This (Edixa Stereo) and VEB Relcawerk cameras (Figs. 21 and 22). might be the reason why no large of Dresden (the already mentioned Viewers for stereo slides also numbers were produced and sold. Beplasca). From the David White came out, a transposing one for The situation was similar with Company of Milwaukee, Wiscon- the Contax system (00-Stereo-Bild- Leitz. Like Zeiss Ikon, Leitz contin- sin, USA the Stereo Realist was betrachter; Fig. 23, in front) and ued with stereoscopy employing imported. Also in the USA was the another one with parallel viewing the 35mm half frame format only really big camera producer (0-version, behind) for stereo slides through the use of a double lens. engaged in stereo photography, taken with Contaflex and Contina Auction prices achieved for Kodak, with its Kodak Stereo Cam- with the prism attachments. For stereo equipment for the Contax era. Belplasca and the Stereo Real- projection of stereo slides the as well for the Leica verify the rari- ist remain usable cameras of choice stereo lens "Sterikon 10" and a ty of this equipment. They general- today whereas the stereo systems "stereo head" for use on the Zeiss ly reach five digit numbers. The from Zeiss and Leitz attain their Ikon Ikolux 500 projector was main reason for poor sales in the high prices as collector's items. offered (Fig. 24). Furthermore, a first place were the high prices. For The 6 x 13cm Heidoskop and mirror stereo projection attach- the Contax stereo double lens Rolleidoscop cameras from Franke ment was announced but as far as including the prism attachment in & Heidecke of the 1920s, which known it was not produced. 1960, 396,OO Deutschmarks were were then rivals the high priced In addition, it should be men- charged. Zeiss Ikon stereo cameras, were tioned that Carl Zeiss of In competition with the offer- produced until 1940. They also Oberkochen, West Germany ings of Zeiss Ikon in the 1950s remain favorites today for both offered a stereo adapter with a spe- there were a lot of praiseworthy active shooting and collecting, as cial double lens allowing the Con- stereo cameras for 35mm film with can be seen from prices paid at ...... single frames of 24 x 23mm and many photographica auctions. Fig. 24. Zeiss lkon projector lkolux 24 x30 mm respectively. These From all of the above, it's clear 500 with stereo head. Reproduction were not from the big, well known that stereo photography at Zeiss from Photographie und Forschung, ...... Ikon was marginal. This, however, Vol. 7, No. 7, p. 213, September Fig 25. lloca stereo camera from was also the case at most other big 7957. Wilhelm Witt of Hamburg. photographic manufacturers as (Photo: Authoc) well.

I Acknowledgements The author would like to express his gratitude to all who supported his research for this article, especially Werner Hahn, Dr. Willy Pfaff, Hans-Jorg Schonherr, Walter Selle, Thomas Wunschel and the late Thomas Zicklam. em

SIEREOWDRCD Volume 29, Number 2 9 A 3-0 Icon Turns 50 Bwana PPV~I

by Ray Zone

-D Day Hits Hollywood in Bwana Devil opened big Blinding Flash" was the head- on Thanksgiving eve, line for a story in the Febru- 1952, at two Paramount ary 16, 1953 issue of Life maga- 7bters in Los Angeles. zine. A two-page photo spread The poster shows a included shots of the stereoscopic generic audience from frenzy in Hollywood. It pictured a behind, but a photo 3-D camera under guard, a delight- taken from the front by ed Jack Warner in 3-D glasses hav- J.R. Eyeman featuring a Bwana Devil audience ing a "stereo moment" watching wwring 3-0 glasses soon dailies for House of Wax, Milton appeared in Life Maga- and Julian Gunzberg with a pad- w. for better or worse, locked hunk containing the Natur- .,lot image (or variations al Vision camera and a portrait of of it) would become a veteran stereoscopist John Norling. ~iquitousgraphic icon of What was the impetus for this e 1950s, appearing in Hollywood frenzy? "A flash in the oks, advertising, pan" wrote Life magazine, "a historical features, novelty cheap, preposterous film called items, and even on a 1 998 US. postage stamp Bwana Devil." By December 1952, commemorating that when Bwana Devil began breaking decade of the 20th movie attendance records, "the century. (YN Vol. 25 No. flash was blinding, and all Holly- 6, page 33.) wood was reeling happily in a frenzy of what looked like the biggest boom since the advent of the talkies. Bwana Devil is done in a three-dimensional process called Natural Vision and Hollywood THRILLAG COLOR could talk, think or read about nothing but 'Three-D.'" Produced by radio veteran Arch first Feature-length Motion Picture studios had been falling off and Oboler, Bwana Devil premiered at in Natural Vision 3-Dimension." many motion picture professionals two Paramount Theaters in Los Critics panned Bwana Devil, but were out of work. Movie executives Angeles on Thanksgiving Eve, the excited public formed long took note of Bwana Devil's success. 1952. It was an immediate success, lines around the block to see the Quite a few of them had seen test grossing more than $95,000 in the film. footage of Natural Vision three- first week at the two theaters. The By 1952 attendance at motion dimension earlier in the year and publicity for Bwana Devil erro- pictures had dropped 30% from its had passed on the process. Now, neously proclaimed it to be "the level in 1946. Activity at the major they were paying attention.

Volume 29, Number 2 J1LIRBD- How It Began If veteran cameraman Lothrop Worth, ASC had not been on the scene, the 3-D movie frenzy of the 1950s might not have taken place. "Everybody was out of work with the exception of a few indepen- dents," recalled Worth in a 1999 interview with film historian Mike Hyatt: I was spending most of my time in the office of a little machine shop. Friend Baker, a former cameraman in the early days of the [motion picture] business, was something of an inventor. One day Baker said to me, "Do you know anything about 3-D in motion pictures?" I said, "No, I never gave it a thought." Looking down on the camem crew with the Natural Vision camera on location in the Baker took me up to a little loft he had Malibu Hills. Left to right: Gene Hirsch, Howard Schwartz and Lothrop Worth. in the shop and showed me some (Stereo courtesy of the Academy of Moth Picture Ms ond Sciences.) footage he had shot with a system he had rigged up. He had built a device that was an alternate frame system. It was a 16mm system done with mirrors and the mirrors would shift with each frame. One would be right eye and the next would be left, with one coming after the other. It was 3-D. It was interesting but it would flicker. You used polarized 3-D glasses to view it. He had gone as far as he could with it. When he ran it at double speed it just flickered faster and there was no way of getting around it with that system. But it got me interested in 3-D. I got two blocks of wood and front surface mirrors and put them together. When I showed it to Friend he said "I'll be damned" and we rigged it up. Baker added two mirrors and rotated them so that the picture was just about the same proportion as 1.33 to 1. There were six m wre ur me rmurr-trre-xrcrrr srmrn BW~MDevil, a spwr is rrrrvw by an African mirrors now bouncing the images into native. (Stem courtesy of the Academy d Motion Wre Arts and Sdmces.) the lens. So we worked from there and made a lot of tests with it. We used a window curtain with aluminum paint as our screen. We showed the footage we shot to anyone who came in. So word got around. Amateur stereo photography also played an important role in generating the 3-D movie frenzy. Julian Gunzburg was a Beverly Hills ophthamologist and an active user of Seton Rochwite's Stereo- Realist 3-D camera manufactured by the David White Company and introduced on the market in 1947. When Julian's screenwriter brother Milton was searching for a dynam- ic way to present a documentary film on hot rods that he wanted to The Natural Vision camera is on the hydraulic life in this view of the "Blue Goose" tnrck at call Sweet Chariot, Julian suggesting the side of the road. (stereo courtesv of the ~cademvof ~0thpicture msand ~ciences.) making a stereoscopic film of the subject. Julian used his stereo camera to photograph some automo- biles.

-WXW Vdume 29, Number 2 1 1 ihe mirrors." The Natural Vision camera used a fixed interaxial of 3.5 inches and variable convergence for "parallax control." As an ophthalmologist, Gunzburg did not feel "changing of the interaxial was consistent with physiological fact," hence the name Natural Vision. The optical axes "toed in" for convergence on a subject in the same way as the human eyes. The camera mount, built by Bryhn, was designed to synchronize two standard Mitchell 35mm NC cameras. A battery of Lornrop worrn AJC is seen up cop, wnrna cne ~arurarvrsron camera on the crane. m rront lenses from 35mm to lOOmm focal of him is /oe Biroc ASC, director of photography. Robert Stack and Barbara Britton pose on lengths were used. the ground beside somebody's brand new Nosh Rambler. "We needed two technicians," (Stereo courtesy of the Acodemy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.) ...... " said Worth, "one to run the parallax and one to run the focus. Syn- chronization of the two cameras was a big problem. The shutters had to be absolutely in sync with each other so we hooked the two cameras together with a shaft. They had to be threaded perfectly. We made a lot of camera tests and had a projection deal with a little studio in Culver City. We rented it and invited producers and all the press. We had some sensational footage. All they wanted to know was 'Who's going to make a picture and when?' We couldn't seem to get anybody. "Milton wanted me as the camera man. I said, 'Wait a minute, Robert Stack and Barbara Britton share a close-up moment in Bwana Devil. Milton. Don't try to sell a new (Stereo courtesy of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.) man with a new system. You've got to get the system on the screen "The results were startling," lined the shot up through the and then you'll be in a position.' wrote Julian Gunzburg in the camera and I would sight down So I suggested Joe Biroc. Joe November 1953 issue of American the top of the camera, right down worked on some more tests with Cinematographer. "The pictures the groove of the magazine. Mil- us and got the idea what 3-D was were beautiful and the motors ton was so excited he could hardly all about." stood out in vivid relief. They were hold himself together. 'How much so real, you felt that you could 1 of this is going to be good?' he Enter Arch Oboler touch them." ' asked. I said, 'It will all be good. "Joe Biroc had done a picture The two brothers contacted This is a definite technique. There with Arch Oboler called The Baker, Worth and camera techni- are no problems. It will all be Twonky," recalled Worth. "One day cian O.S. "Bud" Bryhn. "Milton good.'" Arch said to Joe 'Boy, if we only asked me if I could film a 3-D had three-dimension.' Joe said, test," said Worth. "We went out to Building the Natural Vision 'We've got it,' and Arch came to a riverbed in Pasadena. We mount- Camera attention immediately. Arch said ed the unit with the mirrors on it "When Milton saw the 3-D 'Where?' And Joe said, 'Contact and shot a lot of stuff around the footage he hit the roof," said Milton Gunzberg.' pits, filming the engines and any- Worth. "He had to have it. And he "So Arch did that. A week or so thing interesting about these rac- had to have it in 35mm. So Friend went by and I said to Joe, 'What's ers. and I took a lathe bed with two happened with the 3-D?'Joe said, "Well, they started the races and cameras facing each other with ~ 'Well, Arch called Milton and Milton wanted me to pan with just two mirrors, one for each lens. made a proposition. And Milton them. I had no viewfinder so I The center of those mirrors was turned it down. Arch said to Mil- the interocular. They were on a ton, 'OK, make a proposition to me and see if I can live with it.' But Milton didn't want to deal." Worth had heard nothing about this situation. He and Biroc immediately went over to Milton Gun- zburg's office. "I told Milton, 'We've got a directorlproducer here that gets things released and you won't deal with him," said Worth. 'Why won't you deal with Oboler?' Milton said that Oboler was small time. I said, 'The one thing we've got to do is get this on the screen. If we get it on the screen, we're in.' And I said, 'If you don't follow through on this, forget me. Find somebody else to do this.' I said, 'Look. You call him right now, The red locomotive and caboose in frdnt of a fire-threatened African village. A bigger bud- while I'm here.' And he did. And get would have allowed something more convincing than this toy train to embody a key element in the stow (Stereo courtesv of the ~codemvof Motion Picture ms and Sciences.) they got together. "But when we got the first day's work," recalls Worth laughing, "we found out that Arch only had about five or ten thousand dollars, enough money for one or two day's work. But Bob Stack, the lead in Bwana Devil, had seen the rush- es. He put money in. His mother put money in. Some theater man in Long Beach put money in. Mil- ton got some more money from his father. And we made Bwana Devil with spit and bailing wire." On Location in the Malibu Hills Oboler engaged Biroc as director of photography and Worth as camera operator for 3-D filming of his A close-up view of the train on location with its enginee~ African adventure tentatively titled (Stmcourtesydthe AcodmydMotion PMunktsandSa'mces.) Lions of Gulu with the 35mm unit which, because of its unique con- cardboard mounts in a wooden 3-D Scramble in Hollywood struction, was nicknamed the Stereo Realist box that also includ- Within two days of Bwana "barndoor." Filming was on Ansco ed a green button Stereo Realist Devil's release Jack Warner licensed color stock and began on June 18, self-illuminated viewer. Since Biroc the Natural Vision process from 1952 in the rugged, mountainous appears in many of the shots it the Gunzbergs and signed Lothrop Malibu Hills area 45 miles north of seems possible that the stereopho- Worth to shoot House of Wax in Los Angeles. The Natural Vision rig tography may have been done by 3-D. By January 1953 when House was covered with a large blimp Julian Gunzberg, who possibly pre- of Wax went into production, two and was mounted on a mobile sented the mounted stereo photos additional Natural Vision units camera car called the "Blue to Biroc at a later time. had been constructed. A climactic Goose," for almost every take. This Printed on Du Pont color stock fire scene in House of Wax was car was a converted 4-wheel drive and projected with two interlocked filmed on a Warner Brothers sound Army weapons carrier with a fork- projectors, Oboler's African adven- stage and was photographed by all lift and platform on the front, ture was retitled Bwana Devil for three of the Natural Vision twin- operated hydraulically. it's premiere. The exciting promo- camera units. The color stereo photographs of tional one sheet poster promised "Will Warners Again Make the location filming of Bwana Devil "A Lion in your lap! A Lover in Movie History?" queried the cover in the Malibu Hills that accompa- your arms!" A short Black-and- of the February 23, 1953 issue of ny this article were found in the White film in Natural Vision intro- Film Bulletin, a trade publication Joe Biroc Collection in the Mar- duced by Lloyd Nolan and featur- for motion picture eeibitors. garet Herrick Library of the Acade- ing the talents of Bob Clampett "While the novelty of Bwana Devil my of Motion Picture Arts and Sci- and his staff from the Time for captured the public's imagination, ences in Los Angeles. They were in Beanie TV show was a lead-in to and will probably continue to roll the feature film.

SlgRBDWQRID Volum 29, Number 2 May of 1953 the 3-D movie frenzy was at its peak as Universal-Inter- national released It Came From Outer Space on the 19th and Para- mount debuted Sangaree on the 28th. Special effects cameraman Farciot Edouart hurriedly engi- neered a twin camera rig at Para- mount that was called "Paravision" to film Sangaree using two cameras in the same lens-to-lens configura- tion as Natural Vision. A Widescreen Portent A close reading of the February 23 issue of Film Bulletin also contains some smaller news items that proved highly prophetic and Gene Hinch (left) and Howard Schwartz (right) on either side of the Natural Vision indicative of 3-D's future. Under a camera mounted on the hydraulic lift of the Blue Goose. column titled "3D Developments" (Stereo courtesy of the Accrdemy of Motion Picture Msand Sciences.) there is a small item noting the ...... " fact that Spyros Skouras, President up fantastic grosses for months to deftly directed by Andre de Toth, of 20th Century Fox was "back come, the Warner film promises to one of the few one-eyed directors from an overseas meeting with the have even greater impact." in Hollywood and featured Vin- inventor of the lens used in Cine- Released on April 25,1953, cent Price in a role that revived his mascope." The inventor was pro- House of Wax proved to be a box career. fessor Henri Chretien, who had office. smash. The four-track The same issue of Film Bulletin first patented his widescreen Hypg- "Wamerphonic" stereo sound was featured a double-page spread onar lens in 1927. The March 9 an exciting addition to a sensa- announcing production of Colum- issue of Film Bulletin carried a big tional storyline which was a bia's big 3-D release Fort n, also to cover story on Cinemascope and remake of The Mystery of the Wax be shot in Natural Vision with the filming of The Robe at 20th Museum, originally released by Lothrop Worth operating the dual- Century Fox. When The Robe was Warners in 1933. House of Wax was camera rig for Lester White. By released in Cinemascope on Sep-

An Arch Oboler Interview fter Bwana Devil, Oboler produced two more stereo- filmed in Robert Bernier's Space-Vision Tri-Optixope 4-D copic feature films: The Bubble (1 966 aka Fantastic single strip overlunder 35mm process. A 1983 interview Invasion of Planet Earth) and Domo Arigato (1 974), both with Arch Oboler by Ray Zone, David Starkman and ...... - Susan Pinskv a~~earedin the Holding the 3-0history comic book Battle For A Three Dimensional World, Bwana MayIJune I b8j'stereo World shortly Devil pvducerdhcfm Anh Oboler ponders a question during a 1983 interview. after the director's death at 78. Much (s~o~bysvtcn~.) of the interview concentrated on

I M %D C- systems: I A very fine camaa technician by the nmedRkodBake1haddonea6ne job of putting it [the Natural Won tig] together on an aluminum block, He tried to interest a man named Gunzberg who had a brother who was an ophthalmologist but who wouldn't put a nickel into the system. So 6nally Gun- zbeg came to me and I broke up the kiddie's piggy bank and got the money I together to put it to practical use. tember 23, 1953 it was touted as "the modern miracle you can see without glasses." Warner Brother's Charge at Feath- er River, filmed in Natural Vision with Pev Marley as director of photography and Lothrop Worth as camera operator, was released on July 11 as one of the last Warner- Phonic releases. It became the second highest grossing 3-D feature of the 1950s. Using the Natural Vision rig, Worth subsequently filmed Devi1,s Canyon for RKO, Fort Ti for Columbia Pictures and Gog in 1954 for United Artists. Exhibitor Challenges Exhibitors at this time were loe Biroc takes a light meter reading on Bwana Devil's slightly less than fervcious lion in experiencing a format "free-for-all" the bmsh. This image offers a delightful contrast to the film's rather deceptive ads showing a huge, snarling beast leaping off the screen into the laps of the audience. A 1953 Stereo after the six year decline in atten- Realist promotion in the lobby of the Hollywood Paramount theater displayed stereo slides dance. They were faced with taken on Bwana Devil location in a row of viewers. One can only wonder if this shot was increased expenditures to renovate included. (Stereo courtesv of the Academv of Motion Picture Ahr and Sciences.) their theaters for 3-D and experiencing higher lease rates for 3-D Writing in the 1953 Yearbook of duction program tenfold to meet films. The February 23 issue of Film Motion Pictures, Vera Berch Gun- demand for the filter material used Bulletin announced that RCA had a zburg, Executive Vice President of in the 3-D glasses. packaged 3-D kit for speedy con- the Natural Vision Corporation, Gunzburg also referred to the version of projection equipment compared 3-D to an atom bomb Natural Vision Theater Equip for the stereo process. The 3-D kit which had "exploded over the ment package. "We utilized the listed at $71 1.20 not including entire motion picture industry." 5,500 foot reels and magazines equipment needed to increase the She announced that the Polaroid manufactured by the Wenzel power supply. Corporatio,ql.iad ingreased its pro- Projector Co. of Chicago." . ._ 4

The Gunzbergs tried to make it very mystic with their I think it goes way beyond that, and my own maturity is "Natural Vision," and covered the cameras with canvas so no beyond that. one could look inside to the mystery they had wrought. As In terms of 3-D, until there is some artistic level of choice time went by, Friend Baker was shoved in the background of stories in the studios, we may have the same reaction to and the people who he had originally talked to suddenly the present 3-D excitement that we had back in the Bwana became the inventors. Devil days. The audience will become surfeited with gore, I knew at once that it had to be done better. What I did with bad stories. The only hope for 3-Dis that someone will was, I took $50,000 of the loot that I'd gotten out of Bwana come along with taste and understanding and do a good Devil-$50,000 would be like spending half a million now- story without regard for the extremes of 3-D-using it in and I went all over the world. I investigated all the inven- terms of the story itself. . . It's so easy to get so seduced by tors, I got to know them all, and they were all con men!- the wonders of going into space that you forget about the except ten. Out of a hundred, I'd say 90 were absolute confi- story. And again, how shall I put it nicely, there are so few dence men. Out of the ten who I felt were legitimate, Bemier good movies in two dimensions that maybe I'm reaching for really had the only system worth considering. It took about the impossible when I say let's have one in three dimen- 15 years from the time he first talked to me. It started out, as sions. with all inventions, the inventor says "Oh it'll cost a dollar A good friend of mine, Frank Lloyd Wright, had all the and a half to get the lens made." and so on. It ended up trouble in his life architecturally that the world of 3-D has. costing me personally $600,000-which is an awful lot of But he always stuck to the precept that you had to start not money for a writer, as you know. You have to write an awful with the concept of doing something madly, offbeat--but lot of words to earn that much money. The system that doing something that was right for the purpose for which Bernier came up with, Spacevision, to my mind is still the you were doing it; a house, a museum. We talked about 3-Dl best system. It still makes the most sense." because I was just starting with it shortly before he died, and I talked to him about the need for story, story, story. On Horror and Core in Recent 3-0 Films: It didn't come off the first time around. I doubt that it will come off on the second go-round. But I sure wish it will "If I wrote a horror story (and you're talking to the guy on come off on the third! I hope the viewing audience will have radio who was known for his horror stories) I could out-gore patience enough-from what I've seen up to this point it's them! 1'11 play you records that will cause you to stop eating kind of terrifying. for a week-if I did that for motion pictures I could get any money I want. Unfortunately, I don't want to do that to 3-D.

SEKt3OTHYIID Volume 29, Number 2 ' I

The barndoor at one end of the Nat- A hungry lion appmches native woruers on rne~rway ro DUIIU me Amcan ra~~way. ural Vision blimp, opened to reveal ...... (St- courtesy d the hcnyof MaPicture Arts and Sciences.) the eyepiece and back of one of the - Mitchell 3Smm cameras.

By September 4 the Natural Vision Corporation had cut its prices for 3-D projection equipment by forty percent. In October, despite the fact that fine 3-D films such as MGM's Kiss Me Kate and John Wayne's Hondo were about to be released, exhibitors began requesting flat versions of 3-D pictures. "What does the future hold?" asked Vera Gunzburg. "I like to think that the perfect wedding will be between true 3-D, as exempli- fied by Natural Vision, and big- screen, as in Cinemascope." In the spring of 1954 the last of Robert Stack and Barbara Britton show that it was an uphill battle filming Bwana Devil. the 3-D productions were being Note the many light reflectors in the background. released but stereoscopic film pro- (Stereo courtesy of the Academy of Moth Picture Arts and Sciences.) duction in Hollywood was at an end. The exhibitors had made Gunzburg wrote. "Our techni- Bulletin. "Let's hope that the dis- their choice. They would go wider cians worked out the adaptation tributor doesn't try to claim a per- and not deeper. of the Selsyn motors for an elec- centage of that." These remarks After the 3-D cycle had ended, trical interlock. The same goes illustrate the exhibitor's perspec- Lothrop Worth continued working for the Staticmaster brush, and tive during this "free-for-all" peri- as a cameraman and filmed 2-D the blower fans to cool the od of format wars and changes. features such as Billy the Kid vs. Polaroid filters." Dracula (1966) and Jesse James The "Exhibitor's Forum" of the The Stereoscopic Demise Meets Frankenstein's Daughter (1966) February 23 Film Bulletin broke In May 1953, after the success of as well as TV programs such as The down all of the costs to convert a House of Wax, Warner Brothers Donna Reed Show, The Real McCoys theater to 3-D and came up with a announced plans to release a slate and I Dream of Jeannie. total of $1704 including the silver of twenty-two 3-D films. By July, Worth enjoyed a 50-year career screen. The Polaroid glasses with however, the 3-D frenzy had begun in motion pictures as a camera- cardboard frames, it noted "cost to abate. Warners backed off 3-D man. He passed away in February some theaters 8 cents each--others and announced its own version of 2000 at the age of 96 and had 10 cents. This sounds like a film a widescreen process called Warn- often recalled the stereoscopic deal." erSuperScope. viewers he had played with as a Exhibitors made the best of the As early as May, Van'* had spec- child. When credited for his work fact than an intermission was nec- ulated that "3-D Looks Dead in with 3-D in the 1950s, he pointed essary for reel changes when show- United States." William Wilkerson out that "3-D's been around for ing a 3-D feature film. "This will at The Hollywood Reporter was no eons, even before my time." am prove to be a bonanza for the con- fan of 3-D and in August 1953 offi- cession business," noted the Film cially declared that 3-D was dead. ------pphic Pam meDe~.goarreow . non we plaw En 1na- Photo Patents I Past I dewby John Dennis

, evident in the choice of a stereo earning the exact date of a par- dagtierreotype camera patent draw- ticular patent or the dates of ing for the cover, a Bierstadt stere- Lrelated inventions can be cru- oscope for the title page, and an cial to many areas of photographic Anthony stereoview (No. 6534, historical research, wen if details "Blue Corridor, U.S. Patent Office") of the technology itself arentt.the for the book's only photo repro- main focus of the work in ques- duction, on the back cover. tion. American Photographic Patents, Having seen several of the stereo The Dagwwotype & Wet Plabe Era related patent drawings in various 1840-1880 by Janice G. Schimrnel- earlier books and articles, I must man provides a quick reference admit to being equally fascinated guide to the 810 photographic by some of the "flat" patents as invention and 22 design patents well. Solon Jenkins, Jr. patented a weatherproof method of attaching This patent dmmmmngIbr Marcher's issued during that period. furnous 1853 Dcrguemotype case Many of the names to be found daguerreotypes to gravestones in andstenosc4pcappcwsonpage69 in the listings will be familiar to 1851, and in 1860 LhghMalt- of Amedam photqqk mtents. stereo collecto~~,induding Lan- by patent4 a method ofusdng tin- Thedmwingonthebodrboowris genheim, Bates, Southworth & typeJonpalltlcalcam*but- Ibr a stem daOunreotypc amem Hawes, Talbot, Whipple, Beckers, tons. with crdplaobk ccnwgmx, p4tent- Anthony, Mascher, Cutting, Wing, ~Odsofsecuringchudren edin 1854 bySibsA. Hokms,page Anson, Dallmeyer, Sarony, East- during long exPosures 71. man, Muybridge, etc. Among the got a lot of thought, and two 22 fascinating design patent draw- patent ckawhgs for this- pupow Janice Schimmelman's introduc- ings (which include descriptive are among the strangest in the tion includes some interesting text and some historical back- book. In 1871, William E Noan background on the legal battles of ground) are several stereo related patented a suspcnrded the day between professional pho- devices. In the 51 pages of inven- fromanapen~which tographem and the more restrictive tion listings, it's hard to find many hadaseat forthechildononeend pateats obtained for some photo- without at least one 'improvemept and a bracket for a camera on the mphic processes requm3 fees in stereoscope^'^ or similar listing- other end facing the Wd. The and territorial rights. She also and some pages have several. idea was that the motian of the reveals that among the hundreds The author's awareness of swing wouM calm the kid while of men who received photographic stereo's significance to photo- the camera, mounted on the same patents in that period (Alexander graphic technology of the time is moving platform, could caphw a S. Wolcott being the first in 1840), sharp picture of the subject with seven women were lsswd patents American Photographic only the b- a blur. More as well. ma Patents, The Daguerreotype practical but far less humane was the 1873 patent for a "children's & Wet Plate Era 1840-1880 chair" by Janice C. Schimmelman, Carl Mautz photorprphic by M.H. Publishing 2002, 128 pages, $40 Premtt, Jr. The tall chair included hardcover, $25 paperback ISBN not only a head clamp but a waist 088769421-8. Carl Mautz Publishing, strip a~ well to RS~tho* sub- 228 Commercial St., Nevada City CA jects that many photographers 95959, web: www.carlmautz.com e-mail: [email protected]. must have tegarded as the enemy.

-WhULZI Wm29, Number 2 17 Santa vs.'~ne Snc;-i-;;7~;7"

max may finally have their tron: Boy Genius (2001). Neutron to expand it to an LF film version annual Christmas holiday film.. won Davis and co-writer Steve allowing the story to breath prop- ISanta Vs. the Snowman is a fun Oedekerk an Academy Award nom- erly. Even though they were able and entertaining 3-D animated ination for Best Animated film. to use most of the original anima- adventure for all ages. The previ- Oedekerk has been incorrectly tion, every shot had to be recom- ous attempt at an annual Imax credited with directing Santa, but posed, tweaked and re-rendered holiday film was The Imax Nut- his official credit is "Creator" in with a left and right eye view. As cracker (1997). The Nutcracker start- addition to co-writing and Execu- with Cyberworld 30 (2000) it was ed with bad press prior to the tive Producer. necessary to back the camera up release, when the director com- Oedekerk has always had a and widen the frame creating new plained Imax had reedited her knack for comedy; he began his open areas that had to be animat- film. Nutcracker was a big disap career with a comedy radio com- ed or filled with additional envi- pointment and quickly moved to mercial ad production company, ronmental elements. the "B" list of Imax 3-D films. writing, producing, and perform- I was happy to see Imax's new Santa began its life as a twenty- ing radio spots. He moved on to holiday version of Paint Misbehavin two minute television holiday spe- stand up appearing in the top preceding the film. Santa begins by cial, which aired in 1997. With comedy clubs and has become setting the busy North Pole scene, additional footage, it has been very successful in almost every then we are introduced to the converted to large format (LF) 3-D area in front of and behind the lonely snowman. He has no and opened on November lst, motion picture and television cam- friends and can't even speak. He 2002. The LF 3-D film version is 35 era. He has written and directed just plays his flute, until it breaks. minutes (or so). I have seen its films that have a combined world- Snowman finds Santa's workshop running length listed at numerous wide box office gross of more than and a new flute, but is chased length from 22 minutes to 45 mh- $1 billion. away when he sets off the perime- utes. The film is directed and co- Oedekerk always felt the original ter alarm. Envious, he devises a . written by John A. Davis, who also TV version of Santa Vs. the Snow- plan to take over Santa's empire directed and co-wrote Jimmy Neu- mun was rushed, so he was happy and thus be the most popular fig-

...... Imprisoned behind ban of ice, Sonta waits for 1help in the /MAX (30) hdidoy film, Steve Oedekerk's Santa vs. The Snowman (3D)...... 0 2002 0 Entertainment.

9 mistletoe dmp over o inow ormy in the /MAX I3D) holiday film, Steve Oedekerk's Santa vs. The Snowman (30). 0 2002 0 Entertoinmt...... I lanta and the Snow-

Santa vs. The Snowman (3D). L 0 2002 0 Entertainment.

ure at Christmas time. Having the mistletoe missiles that cause Spunky the elf and Victoria Jack- enlisted "Snow Minions Made them to hug and kiss. John Davis's son, probably best remembered Easy", he pits his snow army idea of the igloo walkers is a cool from Saturday Night Live (1986- against Santa's elves, captures satirical tribute to George Lucas 1992) plays communicator elf. Santa and initiates a winter won- and Star Wars. Oedekerk even joins in as the voice derland war. This 3-D animated holiday treat of "girl". The film is played for fun. Imax is meant for kids, but it is very Even though the slate of upcom- is hoping it will become a holiday playful and has enough humor for ing 3-D films is getting light and tradition and it certainly has that adults to appreciate. I agree with no new LF projects have been feel. It seems to come from the the Christian Science Monitor that announced for Oedekerk, he has same tradition of irreverent, sweet calls it "a fun family film that stated that he has caught the .large and good old-fashioned story- teaches forgiveness." Jonathan format bug and he has two telling as the Christmas TV specials Winters has the major voice role, different stories that he is that I grew up with. I love the idea playing a very believable Santa. working on. am of the cute little snow minions and Ben Stein has a rather small role as The Place To Be For '03-D!

National Stereoscopic Association Convention, Charleston South Carolina, July 23-28th at the Embassy Suites Hotel. See registration forms inserted with this issue or visit: htt~://shuahes.om/nsa2003 or write to: NSA 2003, P.O. Box 333, Cedar Mountain, NC 28718-0333. HOTEL: Embassy Suites Hotel Airport-ConvenUon Center North Charleston 5055 International Bhrd., N. Charleston, South Carolina, 29418 (843) 747-1882. Convention rates: $105 SingleIDouble or $ 125 TriplelQuad occupancy. Rmations must be made by June 30,2003 for these rates. Be sure to mention NSA 2003 to get the convention rates.

S!QB@DlllaRu, Vdume 29, Number 2 3-D Trends at Photokina 2002

...... t was impossible to overlook the The Loreo 30 Lens in a Cap will fit SU camems wr fact that Photokina 2002 (Sep- pus, and Pentax K mounts. After the 2002 Pho tember 25-30) was devoted first upgraded to an improved doublet lens, deluying its intduction. and foremost to digital imaging. Currently marginal within the overall market, 3-D showed a trend in this same direction. All in all, professional 3-D applications were favored while the amateur sector continued to move into the background. But the boundary between amateur and professional sectors is becoming less well defined. Stereo Cameras and Viewers An exception to the above comes from a major company. Pentax displayed a special 3-D trick offered with three of their digital cameras - the Optio 330 RS, the 330 GS, and the 430 RS. It's a 3-D

8 . ,*<.. :. . I,'." %. . >;.T>...4,-..-,-. ' & .,.j-:Lv. " >. ' picture mode for digital stereo , 0: ...... - , .. * photographs. (See SW Vol. 28 No. Ordinary 4 x 6 inch prints fiwn negatives are ready to $13$$ 4 page 27.) ,;The secret involves simply the well known method of taking two rexposures while moving the carn- era in between by about the distance of the human eyes. The special mode shows the first image taken in the left half of the small LCD monitor. This enables one to match the same scene for the other part of the stereo pair and avoid vertical parallax. The complete pair is printed side by side and can be viewed with a simple stereoscope supplied with the camera. Naturally this works only if there are no moving objects which change between the two exposures. Using this-mode requires' practice to achieve good results freehand. Using a tripod and a slide bar (as the instruction manual recommends) is better. The necessary slide bars were offered at Photokina by Novoflex and Vel- bon. Unfortunately, these cameras cannot be used with a cable release, but a remote control is available. The stereo mode for these Pen- tax cameras has some big "ifs" and "buts". However, it is a pleasure to note that one of the "big ones" has at least remembered the potential of stereoscopy and is offering a partial solution for taking 3-D photos. Pentax had offered stereographers more a few years ago, with a stereo attachment for their SLR cameras and a stereo slide viewer. True stereo cameras which The Cilde medium format stereo I expose both images synchronously camera. were only offered by Galaxy Opti- cal Asia Ltd. of Hong Kong, manu- stereo attachment for scales of 1:l facturer of the well known Loreo to 1:2. It operates with one lens stereo cameras The plural is correct and a double diaphragm, the base since there are two different mod- of which is adjustable from 9 to 17 els. The standard one that trans- mm continuously. This is supple- poses images in the camera is now mented by a viewfinder with paral- available in an improved version lax compensation and a laser dis- named Loreo MK 11. The other one, tance meter. Also new are a motor- the Loreo 321 (marketed as the ized film transport and a comfort- Vivitar 3-D), produces non-trans- able stereo viewer for stereo pairs posed negatives and prints for in two 85 x 85 mm mounts. (Dr. viewing in the special transposing Gilde System-Kamera-Technologie viewer. (See SW Vol. 26 No. 6, page GmbH, Kirchplatz 6, D-31737 Rin- 20.) teln, Germany, e-mail: gilde@gilde- kamera.de web: www.gilde-kamera.de) Make Any SLR A Loreo! In this context, camera maker Another new product from the Manfred Grauman should be men- The 360" KARLINE digital stereo same company is the "Loreo Lens- tioned. In fact, he was not present camera from Clauss Bild und in-a-Cap 3D" stereo attachment for at the Photokina but at a market Datentechnik...... , ...... SLR cameras. Contrary to its well for used photographic equipment known mirror frame splitter fore- nearby. He manufactures custom image captions. (De Wijs, Populier- runners of the 1950s, this one is panorama and stereo cameras straat 44, 4131 AR Vianen (ZH), the not used in front of an existing using standard camera parts and Netherlands, e-mail: infoCflldewiis- single lens but includes behind the equipment. One of his creations 3d.com, web: www.dewiis-3d.corn) mirrors a complete pair of stereo- was a stereo panorama camera 360" Digital Stereo scopic lenses. It is used in place of with a 2 x 24x56 mm size. the normal lens of the camera and Aside from the viewers supplied The company Clauss Bild und converts it into a true stereo cam- by the producers of various stereo Datentechnik (image and data era. The low aperture of the lenses cameras, there was a simple 3-D technique) from Zwonitz, Saxonia, is not a big problem considering viewer from the Vastfame Camera Germany again presented its rotat- todays high film speeds and the Ltd. of Hong Kong and one that ing digital 360" panorama camera general desire for high depth of included a stereo slide series from KARLINE, the only one of this type field for stereo photography. Distri- the HangZou 3-D World Photo able to take 360" stereo images bution and availability are yet to Company. The same manufacturer using a CCD array. This is accom- be announced. (Loreo Asia Ltd., showed a coin operated stereo- plished by a mirror which at the Rm. 7, 7/fl., New City Centre, 2, scope for viewing slide sequences. first rotation is turned a certain Lei Yue Mun Road, Kwun Tong, amount from the rotation axis to Kowloon, Hong Kong. E-mail: DGS the left and at the second one the info(~loreo.comweb: www.loreo.com) The Deutsche Gesellschaft fur same amount to the right. The Stereoskopie e. V. (DGS, German new version of the camera can be Gilde Medium Format Stereo Society of Stereoscopy, www.Stereo equipped with a lamp which The cameras of the Dr. Gilde Sys- skopie.org) was present with its own rotates with the camera for interior tem-Kamera Technologie GmbH of booth where J. de Wijs of Vianen, shots. It illuminates only the nar- Rinteln, Weser, Germany were Netherlands showed not only his row slit which the camera sees as it mentioned in a former Photokina well known stereo viewers but also rotates. report. These use 120 and 220 film a new model with sound that The company also offers a spe- for stereo or panoramic photogra- allows the user to select the pre- cial rotating table which can be phy. New this year is a macro ferred language for the recorded used for heavy objects. For 3-D,

JTfX??OWDRLD Volume 29, Number 2 21 holovision.de) Passive vs Active Digital Projection For the projection of static or moving digital images two meth- ods are common nowadays. With the active one the single images for left and right eye go sequential- ly to the screen and are viewed using shutter glasses which are controlled with an infrared signal. The passive method uses two digital projectors with polarizing filters A sample pair from a sequence of digital images taken by HumanEyes Technology for pro- over the lenses and is viewed with cessing into one of their sophisticated lenticular advertising presentations. Later images in polarizing glasses. Presently this this sequence provide an animation effect, with more flame effect at the mouth of the bot- method is the favored one. Of ...... tle and the bubbles in the glass...... clearing to reveal the label on the bottle behind it. - course, it needs two projectors and an additional converter for the the otherwise stationary camera Examples of such lenticular 3-D separation of the signals for the can be turned a little between two images were to be seen from Igor two single images. For a large audi- rotations of the table. (The addi- Tillmann of Cologne at the booth torium however, it is less expensive tional mirror is not necessary in of DGS and from Eisfeld at the since polarizing glasses are less this case.) Users of this table are booth of Dr. Dotzler. An interest- expensive than liquid crystal shut- generally museums and similar ing variation was presented by ter glasses. The applications are establishments documenting sculp Colour Town (HK) of Hong Kong. many, reaching from advertising to ture, archaeological objects, etc. This company took portrait photos virtual prototyping, e. g. for the (Dr. Clauss Bild- und Datentechnik with a digital mono camera. Per development of new models of GmbH, Zwoenitzer Gasse 35, D- mouse click it defined depth zones cars. 08297 Zwoenitz, Germany, email: at the monitor from which a The Japanese firm JVC offered at web: www.dr- stereoscopic image for lenticular Photokina a number of models of sliuuk) presentation was calculated. This different sizes which can be used was printed and mounted behind a for passive stereoscopic projection. Lenticular Imaging lenticular sheet in a special frame Amateur cameras like Nimslo The Norwegian CYVIZ company and the 3-D image was ready. offered a converter for active to and the Image Tech models have Unbelievable, but this worked! disappeared from the Photokina. passive image signals and demon- I Lenticular Imaninn- - was promoted I 3-D hjection strated its function with a 3-D pro- The 3-D slide projection using jection. Dr. Armin Hopp of for professional applications only, Cologne, Germany showed a com- most of all for advertising. Digital the method with polarizing filters techniques have simplified this obviously still exists. However, in pact system for passive digital 3-D procedure. An example was the professional applications it falls projection while the British presentation of HurnanEyes Tech- more and more into the back- Christie Digital Systems Inc. was nology Ltd. from Israel, with a dig- ground. The DGS demonstrated represented with active as well as ital mono camera which was this traditional method at its with passive 3-D projections. This booth with back projection using company offers four different pro- moved past a static object taking a jectors with different image inten- sequence of images. This data was an RBT projector, the manufacturer then digitally processed to create a of which again was not present at sities. The leading model is the lenticular stereo image with a very this Photokina. Mirage 10000 with more than wide "look around" viewing angle Stereoscopic dissolving projec- 10000 ANSI-Lumen. At its own tion was shown at the Rollei booth Christie projected actively that includes the option of anima- sample scenes of Virtual Reality tion. (emaik [email protected] booth. The manufacturer of projec- web: www.humaneves.com. US office tion screens MW Media World pre- (VR) for 3-D viewing with shutter (212) 875-8818) sented a stereo projection slide glasses. At a separate booth named show to demonstrate the quality of "Mixed Cube", where about 20 dif- Analog stereo images on film ferent companies exhibited actual from cameras like the five lens MW MIRACLE 3D screen material. Seagull professional 3-D camera, This was done using a cabin with a examples of modem presentation Rolleivision twin projector and the technologies, Christie ran a passive which the Shanghai Seagull Cam- stereoscopic back projection that era Co. presented ~.~ screen inside, into which one nowadays are digitized could look through port-holes with also included. ..VR applications. and processed with a computer for polarizing filters for left and right c- (Continued on page 27) presentation as lenticulars. eye on each one. (MW media world, An der Weberei 1, D-33175 World's First Freevision Headstone

tereographer Tony Alderson, discussing both parallel and cross- self-tutorials for 3-D." Though he who passed away October 22, eyed systems. Alderson's cartoon was creating a satire, Alderson was 2002, is now resting beneath art clearly illustrates the optical definitely serious about binocular the World's First Freevision Head- techniques involved. One stereo freevision. stone, granite etched with stereo pair in the article was created for a At the conclusion of his Stereo art designed to be viewed with 1985 mini-comic called The Night- World article Alderson wrote that binocular freevision. mare of 3D Jonestm, an autobio- "the true wonder of freevision" The freevision headstone is graphical expose of the rise and was "that it allows the direct and located at the Double Buttes Ceme- fall of the 3D Video Corporation in unambiguous transmission of the tery in Tempe, Arizona and was set 1982. miracle of the stereoscopic illusion. in place in December, 2002. It The cartoon stereo pair on Alder- This is the stuff of life!" depicts a side-by-side cartoon son's headstone is from this unusu- It is fitting that a great propo- stereo pair that is a self-caricature al &page comic. 3-0 Jonestown was nent of binocular freevision should of Alderson in the act of creating a created "in the Miracle of Freevi- rest beneath a permanent stereo stereo conversion for a 3-D comic sion" and featured side by side ver- pair of his own creation. 00 book. The stereo pair is rendered tical panels, fusion spots at the top for parallel freevision. and bottom of the page and "free Alderson produced many stereo conversions designed to be viewed ...... in binocular freevision and wrote Tony Alderson's freevikion headstone in Tempe, AZ. one of the most comprehensive explanations of the process with an article titled "Everyone's Guide to Freevision" for the~ovemberl December 1988 issue of Stereo World (Vol. 15, No. 5). "Every 3-D enthusiast eventually confronts the ~roblemof stereo- - I scopically vie&ng an interesting I pair when there is no stereoscope handy." wrote Alderson. "At this moment one realizes that the necessity of a viewing device, while one of the central charms of the three-dimensional art, is at the The o~iginalself caricature by Tony Alderson in the act of cut-and-paste 3-0 conversion for same time one of its great handi- The Nightmare of 3D Jonestown. caps. Fortunately there are a simple set of techniques that will enable about anyone with reasonably normal eyes to fuse certain common stereo pairs without any external aids. This unaided stereoscopic fusion is called freevision." It was stereographer John Rup- kalvis who first introduced Alder- son to binocular freevision. "Tony acquired the freevision technique quicker than anyone I've ever known," says Rupkalvis. As a stereo conversion artist, Alderson was to make continuous use of binocular freevision in creating work for such comic books as Bat- tle for A Three-Dimensional World, Sheena 3-0, and Three-Dimensional Alien Worlds. In his Stereo World article on freevision, Alderson is definitive in

Volume 29, Number 2 mm News from the Stereoscopic Society of America Ray Zone

New Treasurer for the SSA I Folio: "The folio box has just start- tively and literally, have become t gives me great pleasure to ed its 15th tour of the New legion. Cheers !!! Bill P." announce that Dan Shelley (SSA Zealand members. It was started For more info on this circuit member #1033) is the new Trea- about 1980 after a visit by Lou email Bill at: -aol.com. I Smaus to the beautiful islands. It is surer for the Stereoscopic Society an imposing folio containing Omega Folio Report of America. Dan is a member of Peter Jacobsohn (#1056), Omega the OP, Caprine and SSA-Online approximately 400 stereo views. Ten New Zealand members and ten Circuit Secretary, has sent in the folios and a very active stereogra- ' following report: "It is almost pher. He is an award-winning NSA of our members each enter a box of views (usually about 20 pictures year's end and I have a file folder member who has produced 3-D full of communications from CD-ROMs (including the Bill Wal- in the box). It is expected that a typical member will pass the folio Omega members with their votes. ton 3-D CD) and presented numer- This is my first time around as Sec- ous workshops at NSA Conven- on in about three weeks. Com- ments are at the discretion of each retary and I am going to start a tions. Dan has taken over the post second Omega box in the not too from John Baker (SSA member # member. .. comments on each slide are not expected ... one usually distant future. I asked the members 827) who has done a fine job as of Omega if they would like anoth- Treasurer for a number of years makes general comments and then specifics on individual slides as er box and the majority were in now. Thank you John for your favor. Interestingly, not everyone years of service to the SSA. Thank helshe so chooses. Openings appear from time to time as attri- was as enthusiastic as I expected. you Dan for stepping forward as However, the majority rules. I our new SSA Treasurer. For those tion takes its toll and replacements are sought from the membership. think some of our members proba- wishing to contact Dan Shelley bly are involved in many other directly his email address is: Two of our participants visited New Zealand in the past year or so folios. One other observation- and were royally greeted by some even though I have encouraged voting, quite a few Omegans have NZIUSA Circuit of their countemarts. It has been-.-- Bill Patterson (#697) has sent in quite an experi&ce and lived up indicated that they prefer not to. the following report on the current to its original intent as a 'cultural Best wishes, Peter" status of the New ZealandIUSA cir- exchange' ... and the stereo topics Peter reported in with the fol- cuit and its Louis Smaus Memorial covered 'in depth' ... both figura- lowing votes accumulated since The inception of Omega 1. The former SSA Treasurer lohn Baker (#827) sent one of his double-sided stereo vim on most votes went to these the Speedy Print Circuit with this patriotic wonder car [or possibly a spoof?] left over individuals: from a ZOO2 luly 4th pamde in Henryetta, Okkrhomo. 1. Lee Pratt (#1080) Bill Walton (#715) to be the Print "I was asked to give information 2. Shab Levy (#980) Folio Secretary in 1979. about the two stereo organizations 3. Three-way Tie: Dennis Green (#1086) UK. Dwight Harvey (#1026) Stephen Best (#699) in the Peter Jacobsohn (#1056) Stephen served as Chairman of The Third Dimension Society The highest rated images were as the 1985 NSA Convention in St does not appear to have a web site follows: Louis. and does not list emails for con- 1. "September in Sabino Canyon" tacts but the U.S. Representative is by Lee Pratt (#1080) Rolf Eipper (#700) Larry Moor and I have his email Rolf has been Canada's ISU Rep- 2. "Taking a Good Lead" as: [email protected]. by Dwight Harvey (#1026) resentative "forever." 3. "Stereo Pitch" The Stereoscopic Society (this is by Dennis Green (#1086) Thomas Moore (#709) the original Stereoscopic Society, Thomas has been "Mr Anyone interested in joining founded in 1893, not to be con- Reliability" in keeping the Print Omega Folio should contact Peter fused with SSA, the Stereoscopic Folios moving. at: UacobsohnC%vebtv.net. Society of America) has a web site: In keeping with SSA Rules and http://www.stereoscopicsociet)l.org.uk/. SSA Website and New Postal Procedures, a vote will be taken on The Society's Chairman is Bob Developments these nominations at the next SSA Aldridge (Proiect3DCiaol.com) who is Membership Secretary Paul Tal- Annual Meeting in Charleston, active in photo-3d, (the online dis- bot (#1032) has been constructing North Carolina during the NSA cussion group)." crrr the dedicated SSA Website. To take 2003 Convention. a peek at the preliminary version of the site go to: SSA Friday Night Supper httv://www.ssa3d.org. The restaurant selected for the Paul has also reported on a con- SSA Friday Night Supper at the NSA venient way to ship the folio 2003 Convention in Charleston is boxes: Sticky Fingers, which specializes in Barbecue Buffets. The price will be The USPS web site now offers a service called "Click-N-Ship." With this service $25 per person. Here is a sneak e Stereos1topic Society of America is a you can prepare a bar-coded shipping peak at the menu: group of CI~rrently act;\ /e stereo photogra- label online, pay for the postage cost via Hickory Smoked Feast r phers who cinculate their 1work by means of .. . credit card, attach the mailing label, and Barbecue Pork Ribs postal folios. Both pnnt and transparency for- mail the package as a "metered" pack- Rotisserie Smoked Chicken nlats are usecI, and severc11 groups arcb oper- age that can be mailed without standing Pulled Barbecue Pork a,ting folio circ-uits to met the needs in each in line at the post office. I used this ser- fc mat. When8 a folio arriv.es, a memb~?r views vice to mail a PSA slide folio, and it Barbecue Baked Beans a!rld makes co lmments on eoch of the entries < ., ~., ... . , .. 8 worked well. (Click-N-Ship requires regis- Homemade Cole Slaw or me orner ooroclpanrs. 111s or ner own tration, but is free of any additional Mustard Based Potato Salad vi ew, which h,as traveled the circuit and has b~?en examine'd and commented upon by the costs.) Click-N-Ship service can only be Sandwich Buns 01 !her member -s, is removed and replaced with used for Express and Priority Mail pack- Banana pudding a new entry. The folio then continues its end- ages. Parcel post and media mail rate Southern Pecan Pie less travels around the circuit. Many long dis- shipments cannot be sent with the Click- tance friendships hove formed among the N-Ship service. When you use Click-N- Stereoscopic Societies in the participants in this manner over the years. Ship, you get Delivery Confirmation Stereo photoqraphers who may be interest- included for no additional cost! United Kingdom ed in Society rn&nbership should write to the George Themelis (#945) of the Membership 5iecretary, Poi YI Talbot, 62'03 The direct link to Click-N-Ship Alpha, Beta and Gamma trans- Avery Island Awe., Austin, TX 78727. on the USPS website is at: parency folios writes in the follow- (512) 257-3056 https://sss-web.usps.com/ds/isps/ ing: index.is~. Paul has put the information about using the USPS Click-N-Ship service into a SSA web page for future reference at: You are invited to join the http://www.ssa3d.orq/shipvinq.htrnl. Life Membership STEREOCLUB OF Nominations [IRNZA The following individuals have SOUTI v CA been nominated for Lifetime Mem- Informative and ' entertc Monthly meetings bership in the SSA. All of them have, or will have very soon, at monthly newsle~tter Competitions least 25 years in the SSA. 3-D Slide exhibitions Workshops Brandt Rowles (#693) Brandt was General Secretary and Contact David W. Kuntz,Treawrer, 104397n.l Quailhill Dr., Rancho Palos Verdes, CA, 90275, USA, arranged the affiliation with the 310-377-5393, Fax 310-377-4362, [email protected], www.la3dclub.com NSA. In addition, Brandt "hired"

JTEREOWDRD Volume 29, Number 2 25 Current Information on Stereo Today David Starkman & john Dennis ISU World Congress May 28 to June 2,2003, Besangon, France everal days of stereo projection, tor Hugo (1802) and philosopher full-day excursion and several meetings, exhibits and tours Pierre Joseph Proudhon (1809) as shorter guided tours in the historic Swill be all part of the 14th well as the brothers Auguste (1862) city, in the Museum of Time which World Congress of the Internation- and Louis (1864) Lumiere, who is presently under restoration, and al Stereoscopic Union, to be held created the cinema, the stereo cin- in the Citadel. in eastern France in the "Kursaal" ema, color photography Registration forms are available of the city of Besanqon, May 28 to (autochromes) and the "photo- at: htt~://stereoscopv.com/isu-20031. June 2, 2003. While the name of stereosynthPse", an early In the U.S., contact Rill Moll, 608 the place is nearly impossible for autostereoscopic process. Rains Circle, Summerville, GA English speaking stereographers to The "Kursaal" was built in the 30747, whmoll(~aol.comfor infor- pronounce, it has a grand facility core of the city in 1892 as a circus mation on joining the ISU or about for the congress, plentiful accom- with a brasserie and gambling the congress. From elsewhere, con- modations nearby, and is rich in rooms. Restored in 1980, it's now tact Dace Roll, ISU Membership, historic locations to visit and used for city events and meetings 8822 NW Herrin Court, Portland, photograph in depth. like the congress, but without the OR 97229-8071 USA, Besanqon has no international gambling. [email protected]. airport, but is not far (less than Two auditoriums are available- 150 km) from Geneva or Bale-Mul- one (300 seats) for new technology house international airports. It's 3-D shows such as cinema, video, also easy to reach from Paris by computer animation, etc. and a fast trains, some of them direct larger one (with 19th century First 3-D Phone from the Paris-CDG International paintings on the ceiling) for stereo airport, in two and half hours. It's projection. Three other large Connects With a very old city located at the rooms and two smaller ones are foothills of the Jura mountains, available for exhibits , meetings Exhibition primarily built in a loop of the and workshops. There is also a bar long with a section for general river Doubs. The city developed for drinks and relaxation. A stereo images submitted via the over many centuries within the There are several hotels within internet, the Stereo Club of Tokyo river loop, but started to expand walking distance of the congress has introduced a very special sec- beyond the river in the 18th cen- (500 rooms in the 2 and 3 star tion in its "Tokyo Exhibition tury and is now a medium size city range), and many restaurants with 2003" competition. Images created of 120,000. tasty regional cuisine all over the with the new Sharp 3-D mobile Besanqon is the birthplace of old city. As well as the stereo slide phone (available only in Japan) are people like poet and novelist Vic- shows, the congress will include a being solicited. Unfortunately, the camera built into the phone (model SH251iS) is flat. while the software allows bsers to do 3-D conversions on the 2.2 inch color LCD. Just how the images are viewed, or if the screen is autostereoscopic, isn't mentioned on the web link for the phone provided by the club. Closing date for the exhibition is February 28, 2003. Details for sub- mitting images in either section are available at www.stereoeye.ip/ ~e/indexscte.html.Following the judging, a public exhibition will be held in Tokvo and winners / / will be posted on the club website. 1

26 Volume 29, Number 2 S7EREOWORl.D 3-D Video A Stereo IMAX Production Weekend in Continues Your Own Ohio Global n case you lost the insert from Castle Ithe previous issue, don't forget bxpansion reating your own 3-D videos the big, two-day NSA Eastern Mid- hings may be slow in the Large Cremains an affordable option west Regional Meeting, May 3-4, TFormat movie business in the with the NuView adapter, now 2003. This Stereo Weekend is spon- U.S., but the Imax Corporation available form Razor3D. The slight- sored by the NSA and the Ohio continues to expand around the ly bulky but lightweight attach- Stereo Photographic Society at the world with announcements of ment works with most camcorders Holiday Inn FairlawnIAkron, 1-77 openings and construction agree- that accept threaded filter rings. ST US Hwy 18, Akron, Ohio, just 40 ments for several new IMAX the- (See SW Vol. 24 No. 6.) Once minutes south of Cleveland. The aters. Most of the new theaters will attached to the camcorder, autofo- special rate for the Holiday Inn is be able to show IMAX 3D films. cus, exposure, zoom, and white $72 (330-666-4131). Scheduled to open by the end of balance camera functions are per- Saturday will include stereo slide 2003 are two theaters in Ecuador formed as usual. A convergence shows and exhibits of vintage and (in Guayaquil and Quito) and two control knob allows precise control modern equipment plus an in Chile (in Santiago and a yet to of the window. evening auction. be announced city). In 2002, IMAX Razor3D sells the NuView On Sunday the Trade Show will theater projects were launched in adapter in a "Producer 3D Kit" run from lOAM to 4PM, with early Vienna, Austria, Nuremburg, Ger- ($249) that includes the camera bird admission at 9AM. many, and Katowice and Warsaw, attachment, controller and wired For registration forms and fur- Poland. Others are scheduled in LC glasses for viewing the full ther information please contact China as well as one in screen images on a TV, and three NSA Regional Director George Moscow. mr'r DVDs of the IMAX 3-D movies Themelis, 10243 Echo Hill Dr, Encounter in the Third Dimension, Brecksville, OH 44141, (440) 838- Alien Adventure, and Halrntecl 4752, email: DrT-3dQatt.net. Auc- Castle. Razor3D, 1370 Willow Road tioneer & trade show manager: depends on readers for Suite 101, Menlo Park, CA 94025, John Waldsmith, PO Box 83, 7 I. (We don't know everything!) PI formation or questions to David (650)323-1079, Sharon Center, OH 44274, Starkman, Newviews Editor, PO. Box 2368, web: www.razor3donline.com (330) 239-1944, email: vansywalsy Culver City, CA 9023 1. e-mail: info(~~razor3donline.corn. @aol.com.

Photokina 2002 (Continued ,,page 221 many had shown autostereoscopic of good 3-D viewing. (www.4d- display screens using a "wave- vision.de) length selective filter array". This equipment now has been 3-D Literally Under Glass improved and expanded. The filter Last but really not least there array defines particular light pene- was at Photokina a really uncom- tration directions for the light mon 3-D demonstration of the emitted from each colored image Vitro Laser GmbH of Minden, Ger- element. In other words, different- many, manufacturer of a system ly colored image elements can be which engraves three dimensional seen from different spatial posi- images in blocks of glass. The tions in front of the screen. Fur- VITROSCAN-3D (a pair of digital The five lens Seagull professional thermore, the 3-D image in use cameras mounted about 50 cm 3-0 camera from the Shanghai from each other) takes a 3-D image Seagull Camera Co. contains multiple perspective views of a scene, which are record- pair. From this data a laser is con- ed from eight slightly different trolled and focused so that in the The Lang Audio Vision of Lind- interior of the glass block a spatial lar, Germany, a company offering camera positions. Each of these eight views can be seen from vari- engraving is created. The proce- services which include digital 3-D dure can also be applied to large projection, also presented impres- ous positions in front of the screen. Depending on the size of glass objects up to 14.3 x 22.2 sive examples of its possibilities. meters. (Vitro Laser GmbH, Gewer- At Photokina two years ago, the the screen in use, there is an opti- mal viewing distance for a wide arc bepark Meissen 10, D-32423 Min- 4D-Vision GmbH of Jena, Ger- den, Germany. (www.vitro.de) FSFS

JTEREOWDRCD Volume 29, Number 2 27 3-D BOOKS. VIEWERS, and paraphernalla to suit KEYSTONE WWI STEREOVIEW CATALOG. Tltle TWIN CAMERA on ra~l3-D outfit. ~~icl~rrlcstwo every stereoscopic whim and fancy, all at terrif~c lists for all WWI sets. Number list shows use of Mamiya NC1000 bodies, two 50mm Sekor 1.4 prices! For a free list, write, call or fax Cygnus each of 800t cards. 120 pictures, softbound. lenses, two 135rnm Sekor 2.8 lenses, 12" cus- Graphic, PO Box 32461, Phoenix, AZ 85064- $17.95 postpaid Bob Boyd, 535 Ft. Williams tom alum rail, dual cable release, strap, IB, in 2461, tellfax (602) 279-7658. Pkwy., Alexandria, VA 22304 or bobbovd72 attache type case, exct condition $475.00. Also - ~ Qaol.com. available for set, two 14rnm fisheye Sekor 3.5 BELPLASCA stereo camera with case, Belcascope lenses with cases $350.00 for pair. Add shipping viewer. Two boxes of original frames and Xerox KODAK PAGEANT 16 mm sound movie projector to all. Forrest Rader, (610) 559-6063 (PA) of instructions. Camera in perfect condition. free to good home (you pay the shipping). T.K. raiacamQaol.com. $600.00 Wollensak camera wlcase, mint, Treadwell, 4201 Nagle, Bryan, Texas 77801. - - $400.00. Email: o~alQtelus.net. e-mail textreadwelIQcomouserve.com. VIEW-MASTER "The Royal Wedding, London, - -- July 29, 1981" B0210. Complete with viewer BOOK, The Siege at Port Arthuc hardback with NEW REVISED EDITION of John Waldsmith's and presentation case. V. Buttignol, 210 Crest- 3-0 viewer. $15 Econ Air. (Cash preferred). Ron "Stereo Views, An illustrated History and Price mont Rd., Pittsburgh, PA 15237, buttianol Blum, 2 Hussey Ave., Oaklands Park SA 5046, Guide" is available signed by the author, $24.95 @staraate.net. Australia. softbound, add $2.95 postage and handling. - (Foreign customers add an additional $1.25.) BRIAN LOUBE'S WTC STEREOVIEWS. Limited Please note there is no hardbound of this editions of 6 or 20 911 1 WTC stereoviews - NOT edition. Mastercard or Visa accepted. John 1903 FLOOD VIEWS - Ka~isasC~ty, M~ssourl arid LITHOGRAPHS. $150/set and up includes 25% Waldsmith, PO Box 83, Sharon Center, OH for NY Bowery Mission. Dan Shelley - DDDesign, Kansas, also Lawrence and Topeka. Kansas; all 44274. Website: www.YourAuctionPaae.com publishers - Keystone, Kilburn, Underwood, 719-209-2799, [email protected]. Details /Waldsmith. at www.dddesian.com/911. Universal, and especially L.G. Kennedy (local - Q-VU DIE-CUT FOLDOVER MOUNTS simplify Kansas City photographer). Leonard Hollmann, BRIAN LOUBE'S WTC SLIDES. Duplicates of six mounting your print stereo views. Sample kit $6. 723 Church St., Eudora, KS 66025. 9/11 WTC Realist slides; 125 sets. $200/set Beginner's kits with camera, Holmes viewer, A DOORS - JIM MORRISON 3D SLIDE would includes $50 for NY Bowery Mission. Eisenman, views, sample kit, mounts, film, batteries, 300 Hessel, Champaign IL 61820, eisenman make my day! I will buy ANY 3D photos or slides $79.99 up. Q-VU, Box 55, Holtville, CA 92250- of The Doors 60s rock group. I also buy most Qmathware.com. Details at www.dddesian 0055 .com/91 1. memorabilia relating to the band. Please contact - SEND YOUR EMAlL address or S.A.S.E. for a me: Kerry Humpherys, PO Box 1441, Orem, UT CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROAD Photographic His- large 30 list of Tru-Vues, Lenticular's, 3D Slides, 84059. kerrvQdoors.com. tory Museum. Stereographs of the first 3D movie Memorabilia. Wanted: rare Tru-Vues ALASKA & KLONDIKE stereos needed, especially transcontinental railroad are now on d~splayat: and any stereos of Pre-1970 movie theaters. htto:NCPRR.ora Muybridge; Maynard; Brodeck; Hunt; Winter & Christopher Perry, 7470 Church St. #A, Yucca Brown; Continent Stereoscopic. Also buying old COMPACT STEREO VIDEO systems. 2x2 inch Valley, CA 92284, USA (760) 365-0475, Alaska photographs, books, postcards. camera outputs separate or interlaced video. evildoctor3dQvahoo.com. ephemera, etc. Wood, PO Box 22165, Juneau, Also stereo video microscope systems! Call STEREO VIEWS for sale on our website at: AK 99802, (907) 789-8450, dickQAlaskaWanted (978) 649-8592 or see www.stereoimaaina.com www.daves-stereos.com. E-mail: woodQoike .corn. for specs and price list. online.net or contact us by writing to Dave or ALL LOUIS ALMAN, Louis Alman and Company, DIGITAL STEREO PRINTS. Selections include Cyndi Wood, PO Box 838, Milford, PA 18337. L. Alman: Stereoviews, CDVs, Cabinet Cards, comedy, Kampf Im Westen, Le Stereo Nu. To see Phone (570) 296-6176. Also wanted - views by Photographs, etc., plus all paper from Lake catalog visit www.classicstereoviews.com. Call L. Hensel of NY and PA. Mahopac, NY. Robert Oberlander, Sr., 3505 East- toll free 1-877-365-7365. RJ Thorpe. West Highway, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-5957, .-- STEREOVIEW PRICE GUIDE. Only $8.00 Great for people buying from auctions and for collectors (202) 895-5702, Paula obieQhotmaiI.corn. FREE: 3D Video stereo projection lens - large - -- model 3DSMB. New in original wrapping. Pay who want the latest realized auction values. Only ALWAYS WANTED TO BUY: Early photographic for postage. W.R. Kreitzer, (301) 863-9467. numbered views only $50 are listed. Doc views and stereoviews of New Hampshire White Boehme, 1236 Oakcrest Ave, Roseville, MN Mountain and northern N.H. regions, 1850s- 551 13. 1890s wanted for my collection. Town views, STEREOVIEWS of the Columbian Exposition, Nia- main streets, bridges, homes, occupational, s one of the benefits of membership, NSA gara Falls, Garden of the Gods, Humorous, His- coaches, railroads, etc. wanted from Bartlett, A members are offered free use of classified toric Buildings, Railroad, WWI. For price list and Bethlehem, Carroll, Conway, Crawford Notch, advertising. Members may use 100 wards per digital photos contact me at nrobertbQaol.com. Dixville Notch, Franconia, Franconia Notch, Glen, year, divided into three ads with a maximum Neal Bullington. Gorham, Gunthwaite, Lisbon, Littleton, North of 35 words per ad. Additional words or addi- Conway, Mt Washington, Whitefield and areas. tional ads may be inserted at the rate of 204 THREE FLOOR MODEL STEREOSCOPES, 2 coin E-mail images to [email protected], per word. Please include payments with ads. operated. Need refurbishing. hold 50 views. or send DhOtOC0DieS to David Sundman, We cannot provide billings. Ads will be placed $2500.00 + pick-up. 105 issues of Stereo World President, '~ittleton'Coin Company, 1309 Mt. in the issue being assembled at the time of $100.00 t S&H. 15 issues Reel 3-0 News Eustis Rd., Littleton, NH 03561-3735. their arrival unless a specific later issue is $10.00 + S&H. Michael Chikiris, 530 E. Ohio St., Pittsburgh, PA 15212, (41 2) 322-4701. BICYCLES AND MOTORCYCLES. Any stereoptics, r~",,----~e, teu photographs, ephemera, medals, catalogs, sen^3 all ads, Hvith payrne nt, to: ,memorabilia, etc. related to early cycling. STEF tEO WORLD Classifird~ Singles or collections. Generally 1860-1955. 5618 0 SE 71st, 1Portland, C)R 97206. Permanent want. Loren Shields, PO Box 211, ...... (A rate sheet tor drsplay ads IS available from Chagrin Falls, OH 44022-021 1, Phone (905) the same address. Please send SASE.) 886-691 1, vintaae-ant~aueQroaers.corn.

28 Volume 29, Number 2 S7'EREOU;DRllD BOULDER. COLORADO arid vlclnlty stereovlews NEW HAMPSHIRE BANKS as seen on stereovlews THE RHlNE AND IT'S VlClNTY by W~llianiEngland wanted. Will pay well. Alan Ostlund. 479 Arapa- and photographs, either buildings alone, or inte- and other stereoviews of the Rhineland always hoe Ave.. Boulder. CO 80302. (303) 444-0645. riors, or banks identifiable as part of street wanted. Please contact Hartmut Wettmann, scenes. Wanted for research project. Immediate Postfach 210 729, 10507 Berlin, Germany or CHAUTAUQUA LAKE, NY area stereoviews, pho- decision, immediate payment. Separately, desire email: [email protected] or: http://www tos, COVs, RPPCs Chautauqua Institution, stereo cards relating to Wolfeboro and Lake .wettmann.de. Bemus Point, Celoron, Jamestown, Mayvllle, Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire. Dave Bowers, - Westfield. By L.E. Walker, Hoard & Upham, PO Box 1224, Wolfeboro, NH 03894, barndoor TOP PRICES PAID for early lowa photo studios or Johnson & ~entzel.Lydia McKenzie, (916) 276- Qbowersandmerena.com. photographers with equipment. Also seeking 4340, [email protected]. - - Keystone views from 1935 Lincoln Highway PARK CITY, UTAH wanted by enthusiastic collec- Series. Need G402 (New Jersey), 641 8 (Illinois), COLLECT, TRADE, BUY & SELL: 19th Century tor of all Park City items - stereoviews, post- G606 (Wyoming), and G619 (Nevada). Paul images (cased, stereo, Cdv, cabinet & large cards, stock certif~cates,etc. Thank You! Linda Juhl, 832 West Side Drive, lowa City, IA 52246 paper) Bill Lee, 8658 Galdiator Way, Sandy, UT Roberts, 1088 East Rubio St., Altadena, CA or Ihui~cQaol.com. 84094. [email protected] Specialties: West- 91 001. -- ern, Locomotives, Photographers, Indians, Min- URGENTLY SEEKING TOPEKA. Pre-1863 photo- ing, J. Carbutt, Expeditions, Ships, Utah and SAVANNAH GA. Card stereos of early Savannah. I graphic images of Topeka, Kansas showing occupational arew uo there. W.R. Kreitzer, 23633 Town Creek commercial buildinas are needed to document a Dr., ~exin~tonPark, MO 20653, wkreitze threatened buildingbf national (Civil War) signif- COLORADO MINING TOWNS and railroad real Qola.com. icance and win support for its preservation. Con- photos wanted. Stereos, cabinets, CDVs, large tact Eric Swegle at ebs38cox.net or 785-357- size photos, albums, books illustrated with real SCANS OR PHOTOGRAPHIC COPIES of the John 1242 to assist. photographs. Specialties: Street scenes, stage- CarbutWilliam lllingworth views of the 1866 coaches, freight wagons, locomotives, mines, James L. Fisk Expedition. Need numbers: 236, VINTAGE STEREOVIEWS, photographs, post- mills, buildings and trains. David S. Digerness, 243, 246, 247, 250, 259, 260, 261 and the Fisk cards and historical items wanted. Collecting 4953 Perry St., Denver, CO 80212, (303) 455- Family image. Also other interesting railroad, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina and North Car- 3946. steamboat, hunting, fishing & expedition views olina. Call (912) 447-8968 or write Clifford by lllingworth for book. Will pay for use. Con- Burgess, 404 E. Oglethorpe Ave., Savannah, GA CORTE-SCOPE VIEWS or sets, any subject or tact: Don Schwarck, 1159 Vassar, South Lyon, 31 401. condition. No viewers unless with views. John MI 481 78, (248) 437-9195 or d~ssl25Qaol.com. Waldsmith, 302 Granger Rd., Medina, OH ~p~-~ - WAUKESHA, WIS. I collect stereoviews and 44256. SINGLE VIEWS, or complete sets of "Longfellow's photographs or any other related items from Wayside Inn" done by D. C. Osborn, Artist, Waukesha, Wis. John Schoenknecht, 801 Chica- FAMILY/GROUP PORTRAIT STEREOVIEWS. Assabet, Mass., Lawrence M. Rochette, 169 go Ave., Waukesha, WI 53188, (262) 547-0429, Including camping/outdoor or studio work, vin- Woodland Drive, Marlborough, MA 01752. thbolt@exec~c.com. tage to present, porfessional or amateur, even --- - today's NSA members work in this category. STEREO REALIST 1525 Accessory Lens Kit for WEITFLE - Stereoviews or cabinet cards. Paul L. Michael Hevener, 1517 Roemer Blvd., Farrell, PA Macro Stereo Camera; Realist 6-drawer stereo Weitfle Jr., 10309 Gentlewind dr., Cincinnati OH 161 21, mhevenerQtrumbull.com. slide cabinet in Exc.+ or better condition (must 45242, (513) 793-481 5, [email protected]. contain Realist logo); Baja 8-drawer stereo slide -- - - FLORIDA ANTHONY, FIELD, MANGOLD and other cabinet with plastic drawers marked "Versafile". YOU COULD HAVE told the world of your stereo pre 1890 Florida stereoviews, cabinet, COV, Mark Willke, 200 SW 89th Ave., Portland, OR needs in this ad space! Your membership enti- boudoir photographs. Advanced collector pays 97225. (503) 797-3458 days. tles you to 100 words per year, divided into three top prices. Hendriksen, PO Box 21 153, Kennedy ads with a maximum of 35 words per ad. Addi- Space Center, FL 32815, (321) 452-0633. STEREO-TACH beam splitter camera attachment tional words and additional ads may be inserted with 49 or 52mm adapter. Have the No. 103 at the rate of 208 per word. Send ads to the GERMAN RAUMBILD 3D Stereo albums, WWI viewer. Forrest Rader, (610) 559-6063 (PA) National Stereoscopic Association, P.O. Box real photo postcards, pilot aces. Mole &Thomas [email protected]. 14801, Columbus, OH 43214. A rate sheet for "living photos" -thousands of troops in various display ads is available upon request. (Please pictorial formations. Call (425) 432-3282 or STEREO VIEWS OR PHOTOGRAPHS in any other send SASE for rate sheet.) write: Ron, PO Box 611, Maple Valley, WA format showing streetcars in Scranton, PA, Car- 98038. bondale, PA, or the Scranton area. Charles Wrobleski, 206 Green St., Clarks Green, PA GERMANY, AUSTRIA, SWITZERLAND old flat 18411-1212. stereoviews in good condition wanted. Please send scanslemails: [email protected]. HARPER'S FERRY, WEST VIRGINIA stereoviews and stereoviews from elsewhere in West Vir- ginia. I also buy other West Virginia photos, postcards and paper. Tom Prall, PO Box 155, STEREO PHOTO TOOLS Weston, WV 26452, [email protected]. SUDEBARS for I BUY ARIZONA PHOTOGRAPHS! Stereoviews, cabinet cards, mounted photographs, RP post SLR'dacUediumForma-nticular cards, albums and photographs taken before Heavy Duty up to 38" Long 1920. Also interested in Xeroxes of Arizona stereographs and photos for research. Will pay TWIN CAMERA MOUNTS postage and copy costs. Jeremy Rowe, 2120 S. Las Palmas Cir., Mesa, AZ 85202. Horizontal-Vertical-Todn LOUIS HELLER of Yreka and Fort Jones, Califor- PANORAMIC PHOTOGRAPHY PANO-HEAD II nia. Anything! Also, any early California or west- JASPER ENGINEERING ern views wanted. Carl Mautz, cmautzQnccn .net, (530) 478-1 61 0. 1240 A Pear Ave. Mtn. View CA 94043 -- MUYBRIDGE VIEWS - Top prices paid. Also WWW.STEREOSWPY.COM/JASPER Michigan and Mining - the 3Ms. Many views Email [email protected] 650-967-1 578 available for trade. Leonard Walle, 47530 Edinborough Lane, Novi, MI 48374.

STEREO WORLD Volume 29, Number 2 29 uwcomlncl NIC-- ~ar~onalbonventio-=-

J -1 -- - ~t the Cmbas;sy Suite:; in Nort h Charlc uth Carc Contact Rill h,1011 for nnore infc or ques ?moll(fl'ac July :2004 t the Do1uuetree Jantzen Reach in Portlanc n r-ntact Diane Rulien for more info or questions: NShLvvtv.Ldscade3d.t

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19th and Please start my one-year subscri tion to Stereo World magazine and enrolP me as a Early 20th member of the National Stereoscopic Association. ------a U.S. membership mailed third class ($26). Century U.S. membership mailed first class for faster delivery ($38). Stereoviews [? Foreign membership mailed surface rate, and first class to Canada ($38). C] Foreign membership mailed international airmail ($56). For Sale [7 Send a sample copy (U.S. $5.00, all other $6.50). checkr payat)le to the Na t~onalStereoscop~c Associ ation. rore~gnmember s please remi~t in U.S. do1lar5 with a Canad~anPost al Money Over 3,500 order, an Intern: ~tionalMone ,y Order, or aI forelgn bank draft on a U.S. bank. - - all illustrated,graded & priced,(including glass views), work by Redford, England, Sedgfield etc. Address Especially strong on UK I I and European views. I city State Zip I National Stereoscopic Association Only online at: www.worldofstereoviews.com I PO Box 86708, Portland, OR 97286 I ( The Only National Organization Devoted Exclusively To Stereo Photography, Stereoviews, and 3-D Imaging Techniques. )

30 Volume 29, Number 2 .~RM)WoRLD PRECISION FOLDING STEREO VIEWER For all standard Reallst 3D stereo sl~des. NEW 3 EA. Explore Glass or cardboard LESS IN [IUANTITY mounted. Folds flat, LARGE weighs only 1 oz the World Prepa~dmlnlmum order $10 0O.Add $2 00 for "" of shlpp~ngand handl~ng FREE CATALOG AVAILABLE TO ORDER CALL TOLL FREE 3-D Imaging, 800-223-6694 Past & Present, MAJOR CRtDIr LARD5 ACLEPrED L__ --- TAYLOR MERCHANT CORP. 212 West 35th Street New York, NY 10001 in

ARCHlVALvclear25-mileP na CDV (3 38' X 4 W) per 100- $8 caseof1000: $70 CDV POLYESTER (2.mil) per 100: $13 caseof 1000: $120 POSTCARO (3 314' X 5 3/47 per 100: $9 case of 1000: $80 4' x 5' per 100: $9 caseof 1000: $80 STEREO 1 +6 314 COVER (3 314' x T) per 100: $10 case of 1000: $90 STEREO POLYESTER (3-mil) per 100: $22 caseof1000: $210 Only $26 a year CABINET / CONTINENTAL (4 3W X 7) per 100: $1 1 case of 1000: $100 U10 COVER (4 3/8' x 9 518') per 100: $22 caseol 500: $100 from 5' x 7' per 50: $8 case of 200: $30 BOUDOIR (5 1Q. X 8 llr) per 25. $7 caseof 500: $90 NATIONAL 8'x 10' per 25: $9 caseof 200: $45 STEREOSCOPIC 10' x 14' MUSEUM BOX SIZE (NEW!) per 10: $10 caseof 100: $60 ASSOCIATION 11'x 14' per 10: $9 case of 100: $50 16' x24 per 10: $22 caseof 100: $140 Ru880ll Norton, PO EX 1070, New )(even, CT 065061070 P.O. Box 86708 US SHIPPING (48 States), $4 per order. lnstltultonal btll~ng.(2002) Portland, OR 97286 Conn&tru o.ders add 6% tar on enlns tobl ~ncldngshlpplng

DwCw Antique Photo Show 16 March, 2003 3-D Catalog 90 tables of Dags, stereos, etc. Holiday Inn Rosslyn Westpark 1900 N. Ft. Myer Dr. 0 Supplies for Stereographers Arlington, VA 22209 O 3-D slide viewers 0 Print stereoscopes 0 3-D slide mounts 0 3-D slide mounting supplies Boston Antique O Books about 3-D & in 3-D Photo Show 23 March, 2003 Visit our World Wide Web Catalog at 50 tables of Dags, stereos, etc. www.stereoscopy.com/reel3d Westford Regency Hotel Ballroam 1-495 exit 32 to Route 110 W. Reel 3-D Enterprises, Inc. Westford, MA 01 886 P.O. Box 2368 Public Admission 1OAM $5 Culver City, CA 9023 1 USA Preview Admission 8:30AM $25 Telephone: + l (3 10) 837-2368 ' Managed by ~usseilNorton Fa: +I (310) 558-1653 PO Box 1070, e-mail: [email protected] New Haven, CT 06504 (203) 281 -0066 z

Xll?REOWDRLD Volume 29, Number 2 3 1 "We Got 3D" American Paper Opt~cs,Inc., the world's leading manufacturer of paper 3D glasses, is your one-stop source - for all your all your paper 3D and stereo viewer products. We specialize in the custom manufacture of printed 3D glasses with the

Anaglyphic (redblue - redgreen) Polarized (linear and circular) Diffraction (30 Fireworks) Eclipse (safe solar viewers) Pulfrich (television and video) American Paper Optics is the exclusive manufacturer of 3D glasses with ChromaDeptW and HoloSpexTMlenses, and our unique patented paper stereo viewers.

3080 BARTLETT CORPORATE DRIVE BARTLETT, TN 38133 800-767-8427 901-381-1515. FAX 901-381-1517 See us at: mnv.3dglas.dd10nllne.com

32 Volume 29, Number 2 SIEREOWDRLD AUCTIONS

aeffereon sfereopfiee (Since 1981)

John Saddy 50 Foxborough Grove London, Ontario N6K 4A8 CANADA

Main Phone Line (519) 641-4431 Personal Fax Line (519) 641-2899 E-mail: [email protected]

CONSBGNMEWTS WEI,GOME FROM ANYWHEIWE ON EARTH[

Take advantage of my powerful, extensive, and ever-expanding mailing list, built up through world-wide advertising and reputation so you the consignor can benefit from excellent prices on choice material.

TERMS FOR CONSIGNMENT

EACH LOT IS CHARGED ITS INDIVIDUAL COM TS REALIZED PRICE.

If lot realizes up to $40 ...... 30% "I SPECIALIZE IN If lot realizes $41 .OO to $200.00 ...... 25% CONSIGNMENTS; If lot realizes $201.00 to $500.00 ...... 20% I BUY TOO!"

cameras and other equipment.

--~~m-~-**u,W,..'~p*-~*, -7

DOGS AND CATS (B820) Abraham Lincoln Sold for $1705.

Llberty Hand at ' the Philadelphia TIE MUNSTWS (B481) 1818 Exhlbltlon Sold for $490.

Contact me to get on my mailing Hst Please specify if your interest is Stereo Cards, View-Master, or both.