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Beta Ray Bill! 4 1 8 3 Beta Ray Bill Thor TM & © Marvel Characters, Inc. All Rights Reserved. No.117 December 2019 IT’S HAMMER TIME WITH TIME HAMMER IT’S BETA RAY BILL! RAY BETA $9.95 U.S. Agent •AzraelandHollywood Superman GregoryReed with ADAMS, BATES,GIBBONS, MARZ,MICHELINIE, O’NEIL, John StewartGreen Lantern•JamesRhodesIronMan This issue:SUPERHEROSTAND-INS! SIMONSON, THOMAS &more ™ 1 82658 00381 4 Volume 1, Number 117 December 2019 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Michael Eury PUBLISHER Comics’ Bronze Age and Beyond! John Morrow DESIGNER Rich Fowlks COVER ARTIST Walter Simonson (Produced in 2009 as a gift for William Klein.) COVER COLORIST Glenn Whitmore COVER DESIGNER Michael Kronenberg PROOFREADER Rob Smentek SPECIAL THANKS Neal Adams Ron Marz Cary Bates Fabian Nicieza Simon Bullivant Luigi Novi John Byrne Patrick Olliffe Sergio Cariello Dennis O’Neil Kevin Dooley Roger Robinson Kieron Dwyer Bob Rozakis Rich Fitter Philip Schweier Stephan Friedt Walter Simonson Grand Comics Bryan D. Stroud Database Thomas Tenney BACKSEAT DRIVER: Editorial by Michael Eury. 2 Tom Grindberg Dann Thomas Cully Hamner Roy Thomas FLASHBACK: Becoming His Own Hero: John Stewart. 3 Karl Heitmueller, Jr. Michael Zeno The character’s evolution from a substitute Green Lantern to a major player Heritage Comics Auctions BEYOND CAPES: Superman’s Stand-In, Gregory Reed . 13 Dan Johnson The DC Universe’s ultimate typecast character Barry Kitson Ed Lute FLASHBACK: James Rhodes: the Essential Stand-In Superhero . 19 Ralph Macchio He’s Tony Stark’s pal, a surrogate Iron Man, and much, much more Howard Mackie Elliot S! Maggin PRINCE STREET NEWS . 32 Marvel Comics Cartoonist Karl Heitmueller, Jr. takes his jabs at superhero stand-ins FLASHBACK: Beta Ray Bill . 34 Don’t STEAL our A chronological ’80s and ’90s history of the Stormbreaker-wielding monster-Thor Digital Editions! BRING ON THE BAD GUYS: Agent of Change . 48 C’mon citizen, John Walker’s evolution from villain Super-Patriot to fill-in Captain America to U.S.Agent DO THE RIGHT THING! A Mom FLASHBACK: The Coming of Azrael . 62 & Pop publisher like us needs This avenging angel stood where the Dark Knight fell every sale just to survive! DON’T BACK TALK . 75 DOWNLOAD Reader reactions on issues #110–112 OR READ ILLEGAL COPIES ONLINE! Buy affordable, legal downloads only at www.twomorrows.com BACK ISSUE™ is published 8 times a year by TwoMorrows Publishing, 10407 Bedfordtown Drive, Raleigh, or through our Apple and Google Apps! NC 27614. Michael Eury, Editor-in-Chief. John Morrow, Publisher. Editorial Office:BACK ISSUE, c/o Michael Eury, Editor-in-Chief, 112 Fairmount Way, New Bern, NC 28562. Email: [email protected]. Eight-issue subscriptions: $89 Economy US, $135 International, $36 Digital. Please send subscription orders and funds to TwoMorrows, NOT to the editorial office. Cover art by Walter Simonson. Beta Ray Bill Thor TM & © & DON’T SHARE THEM WITH FRIENDS OR POST THEM ONLINE. Help us keep Marvel. All Rights Reserved. All characters are © their respective companies. All material © their creators producing great publications like this one! unless otherwise noted. All editorial matter © 2019 Michael Eury and TwoMorrows. ISSN 1932-6904. Printed in China. FIRST PRINTING. Superhero Stand-Ins Issue • BACK ISSUE • 1 When people think of a replacement or substitute, they might think of someone who is maybe not quite as good as the original. In the case of John Stewart, the man who was intended to be the backup for Hal Jordan as a Green Lantern of Earth, that might have been the case starting out, but as time passed, the character has grown into his own man. More than that, he has grown into his own hero. The process hasn’t been quick and it wasn’t painless. John Stewart started out as a young black man who felt like the system was against him. As Hal Jordan noted in John’s first appearance, John challenged authority and wasn’t the type of person who would just fall in line. Indeed, John served as a reflection of the anger and frustration black youth felt towards the establishment of the early 1970s. Because of personal tragedies and mistakes he made along the way as a Green Lantern, John Stewart has grown over the course of several decades as various writers and artists have added to his story and molded him into one of the most layered characters in the DC Universe. No longer an angry young man, John is now a seasoned warrior and leader. So don’t ever call John Stewart the “backup” Green Lantern. Just call him Green Lantern. IN THE BEGINNING… John Stewart was created by the legendary comics team of Denny O’Neil and Neal Adams. He made his first appearance in Green Lantern/Green Arrow #87 (Dec. 1971–Jan. 1972) during that book’s historic “relevance” run when its creators tackled such timely by Dan Johnson social topics as pollution, overpopulation, and drug abuse. With John Stewart, O’Neil and Adams addressed the need to bring more diversity and equal representation of African-American characters to comic books. The process began thanks to a conversation between Neal Adams and his editor. “I was sitting with [Green Lantern editor Julius] ‘Julie’ Schwartz and I was talking about the idea of doing another Green Lantern,” said Adams in a previous interview for BACK ISSUE, in issue #8, the Black Super- heroes issue. “I said, ‘Let me ask you a question, Julie. If you were to do another Green Lantern, do you think you would make him a white guy?’ Julie said yes, he thought so, to sell comics. ‘Why are you asking?’ I said, ‘Well, you have a Green Lantern who came to Earth, Abin Sur, and he was going to die. So he sent out the ring and the ring was to find the most noble and bravest guy on Earth to become Green Lantern. It makes sense to me that it would find Hal Jordan. Hal Jordan was a test pilot, who under various people’s tutelage seemed to have been a pretty good fella. Then the ring went out and found a replacement [for Hal] and it turned out that this replacement, Guy Gardner, happened to be a white, Anglo-Saxon Protestant, blond-haired gym teacher. Now this has to be straining the edge of credulity here that the second best guy on Earth [to become The New Green Lantern Move over, Hal Jordan… John Stewart’s the ring-man now! Dave Gibbons’ gut-punching cover art to Green Lantern #183 (Dec. 1984). TM & © DC Comics. Superhero Stand-Ins Issue • BACK ISSUE • 3 a Green Lantern] is a white guy. It seemed to me that if Julie, in his generation’s innocence, asked why. I said, the ring was going to go out a third time, I don’t ‘Julie, that’s a slave name. I don’t think you think it’s going to find a white, Anglo- could find a more slave name than Lincoln Saxon Protestant guy, it’s going to find Washington.’ There were black guys in an Oriental guy or a black guy. The gist America then who were changing their Fearless of my question to Julie was, ‘Can’t we names to Muslim names to avoid slave find a black Green Lantern?’” names, I explained. Julie asked me John Stewart’s From this conversation came what I thought his name ought to landmark first John Stewart, who was destined to be. I said, ‘I don’t know if you help change DC Comics as its first want to go to the Muslim thing, appearance, in the African-American superhero. As it but just give him a regular name, O’Neil/Adams was, John was originally going to be like John Stewart, that would be a really named Lincoln Washington until good name.” classic, Green Adams took issue with the moniker Adams also suggested John’s Lantern/Green Arrow with editor Schwartz. “I got the first profession, one that helped establish pages of the script, [and the story neal adams him even more as a realistic, grounded #87 (Dec. 1971– was originally about] this fellow character. “I had originally asked © Luigi Novi / Jan. 1972). named ‘Lincoln Washington,’” Wikimedia Commons. that he be made an architect,” stated explained Adams. “I [went to Julie] Adams. “[And that he] be given a TM & © DC Comics. and said, ‘I’m having a little trouble with this name.’ profession that anyone who is black would look at it and say, ‘Yeah, I could buy that.’” With a realistic name and occupation in place, John Stewart was at last ready to break new ground. “Neal and I were kind of aware that we were pushing the envelope a bit,” said writer Denny O’Neil in that same edition of BACK ISSUE. “I think it was just a consensus between us and Julie Schwartz that we needed a black character. The rationale for being a Green Lantern made it very easy to create an African- American Green Lantern because there is no reason a guy like that couldn’t get the ring.” KEEPING THINGS REAL While O’Neil did a fine job giving life to John in his first appearance, he did wonder if he was the right man for the task. “Ideally, of course, [John] would have been written by a black writer, but there were virtually none in the field back then,” said O’Neil. “I always feel a little awkward when I’m doing an ethnic character because it’s not Irish Catholic, but sometimes you have to do what you have to do.” In the end, O’Neil did just fine and it is generally agreed upon that John faired better as a character than some of the African-American heroes that would follow him.
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