DOCSLIB.ORG

Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

DOCTORAL THESIS Peace and recovery witnessing lived experience in Sierra Leone Twort, Lauren Award date: 2015 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 Peace and Recovery: Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone By Lauren Twort [BA, MA] A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD Department of Business University of Roehampton 2015 Peace and Recovery: Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone Abstract Peace and Recovery: Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone A critical re-examination of the liberal peace is conducted to explore the ways in which certain ideas around peace have come to dominate and to be regarded as “common sense”. The foundation of my critique comes in the personalisation of peacebuilding through the stories of people who are the intended beneficiaries of its actions. This thesis seeks to open up and challenge the current measures of success and the location of power by introducing voices and experiences of Mende people located in the Southern and Eastern provinces of Sierra Leone. I have attempted to open up a reflexive space where simple questions can be re-examined and the location of recovery can be seen as a space influenced, shaped and performed in the context of diverse influences. I draw on my personal experience living in Bo, Sierra Leone for two months in 2014 and local level actors' subjective reflections on individual and communal notions of recovery, post-conflict. My findings are reflected in “building blocks” that uncover a partial story of personal perspectives on recovery. The story suggests a de-centred and complex “local” within the existing context and realigns the understanding of subject and agency within peacebuilding. This collection of experiences, stories and encounters reshapes the notion of peace as an everyday activity with the aim of improving well-being on a personal level. It is also a part of the peacebuilding process that exists outside of the traditional organisational lens. My main contribution has been in allowing alternative space(s) of peacebuilding and peace-shaping to have a platform that is not restricted by the confined epistemic “expert” community toward an understanding of “progress” as an experiential and subjective process of recovery. This 2 Peace and Recovery: Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone approach sought to challenge the current site of legitimacy, power and knowledge, and in order to achieve this aim I drew on a new methodological toolkit and the absorption of key concepts from other disciplines such as managerialism and the sociological concept of the “stranger”. My research offers an opportunity to observe and utilise information sourced from the creativity and spontaneity of the everyday lived experiences of Sierra Leoneans and ordinary phenomena connected with this. Key words: Bo Development Liberal Peace Managerialism Neo-Liberalism Peacebuilding Performance Indicators Positionality Post-Conflict Poststructural Power Recovery Reflexivity Sierra Leone Success 3 Peace and Recovery: Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone Table of Contents Abstract…………………………………………...….……...………..2 Table of Contents………………………………………..……....…...4 Acknowledgements………………………………….…..……...…….9 List of Figures……………………………………….………....……10 List of Acronyms…………………………………………...…..…...12 Part I Chapter One: Space and Time: Introduction to the Liberal Peace and its Local Antithesis…………………………………………………..……….15 I. Introduction……………………………….………………………15 II. Background to My Research………………….………….…..…. 18 III. The Contested Nature of Peacebuilding………………….............23 IV. The Business of Peace…………………………….……...............26 V. Research Questions………………………………….……...…...31 VI. Overview of the Thesis…………………………….……...…......37 Chapter Two: The Danger of a Single Story…………………...……….42 I. Introduction………………………………………………………42 II. A Story of Peace?...........................................................................44 III. Setting the Scene…………………………...…..…….….…..…...46 IV. The Main Character- The Liberal Agenda……...….……......…...49 V. The Illusion of Simplicity: Legitimacy and Graduations in the Liberal Peace Model …………….………….……………....….…...54 VI. Discourses and Designs……………………………..............….60 4 Peace and Recovery: Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone VII. From Liberal Ideology to Free Markets…………….…………..67 VIII.Peacebuilding as Security…………………………..…………...71 IX. Conflicting Bodies of Knowledge………………….…………...81 X. Summary………………………………………………...……..89 Chapter Three: A Critical Re-evaluation: From Peacebuilding to Peace- shaping……………………………………………………………………91 I. Introduction………………………………………….………….91 II. The Narrative and Discourse of Success in Sierra Leone………95 III. A Critical Re-evaluation…………………………….….……....98 IV. Liberal Peace and Quantum Mechanics………………….…....103 V. A Poststructural Lens…………………………………...……105 VI. Discourses, Myths and Imaginary……………….…………….110 VII. Empty Signifiers, Logics, Articulation and Rhetoric…….......118 VIII. Ideology and Hegemony in Peacebuilding…………………...125 IX. Managerialism: Legitimacy through Performability…..……..134 X. Whose Success?.........................................................................140 XI. Ebola as a Social Critique……………………………..….…..143 XII. Summary………………………………………………..........146 Chapter Four: The Researcher: My Place in the Space…………..….151 I. Introduction……………………..……….……………..………..151 II. Putting the “I” into Research…….………………….……..…...154 III. Care Ethics……………….…………………..…..…….……....159 IV. Spaces: From London to New London ……………..…....…..164 5 Peace and Recovery: Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone V. Methodology: Getting Stuck In………………………………... 166 (i) My Initial Trip and General Observations………...…...169 (ii) Reflections from My Initial Trip………………………172 (iii) Preparing for the Main Trip………………….…….…. 177 (iv) What’s Happening? Witnessing Lived Experience.... ………………….………………………………………….. 180 (v) Operationalisation…………………………………… 185 (vi) Making Sense of the Trips………………………….. 194 VI. Summary…………………………………………………….. 201 Part II Chapter Five: Finding Bo…………………………………………………205 I. Introduction………………………………………………… 206 II. Where is the Local?: Bo……………………………………… 209 III. What is the Local?......................................................................212 IV. Who are the Local?................................................................... 213 V. The Mende People…………………………………….............216 VI. You’re British? You Used to Rule Us [laughs]…………..…...219 VII. You People [British] Brought Independence to this Land with No Preparation for Us [laughs]…………………………………............223 VIII. A New Era of “Leadership”…………………………………..226 IX. Youth, Gerontocracy and Generational Conflict……………...232 X. Civil War…………………………………………………….. 234 XI. Summary……………………………..……………………….237 Chapter Six: The Space for Change…………………………………….. 240 6 Peace and Recovery: Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone I. Introduction…………………………………………………….241 II. Stranger Danger?....................................................................... 243 III. The Familiar Stranger…………………………………………..249 IV. The Researcher from “Stranger” to “Guest” to “Big Woman” …………………………………………………………………..…. 255 V. Hey, White Girl…………………………………….………….. 258 VI. Peacebuilder as “Newcomer”…………………….…………… 266 VII. Summary………………………………………..……………. 277 Chapter Seven: Discussion- The Person-ification of Peace Through Multiple Stories…………………………………………………………… 280 I. Introduction……………………………………………………. 283 II. “Shake it for Jesus”…………………………………………….. 285 (i) Religion and Peace Formation………………………… 292 (ii) Religion, Magic and Protection …………………….. 297 iii) After the War…………………………………………... 299 III. The Oxford of the South………………………….…………… 310 (i) Centennial Secondary School……………….………… 310 (ii) Unrest at Njala………………………………………… 313 (iii) Free Education? ……………………………………... 315 IV. “We Celebrate Thieves Here” ……………….……………...324 V. “I Am a Football Supporter, Manchester is My Only Football Team” ……………………………………………………..….…… 333 VI. Well-being as an Alternative Approach……………….…....….343 VII. Summary…………………………………………………….…345 Part III Chapter Eight: Conclusions- The Tug of Peace………………………....349 7 Peace and Recovery: Witnessing Lived Experience in Sierra Leone I. Introduction……………………………………………..……...349 II. Rethinking Peace and Recovery………………….……….……354 III. Contribution to Knowledge……….………..………………..….366 IV. Limitations of This Study and Future Research……..….…..... 373 V. How have I been affected by my Research?.............................. 375 VI. Postscript: Ebola………………………………….…………... 378 VII. Final Thoughts……………………………………….......…….379 Table of Interviews……………………………………….……………..381 Appendix…………………………………………………….………….....390 References………………………………………………….………….…393 8 Peace and Recovery:
Recommended publications
  • Ebola Synthesis Reference Document August 2017

    Ebola Synthesis Reference Document August 2017

    Ebola Synthesis Reference Document August 2017 The IFRC is committed to upholding its Framework for Evaluation. The framework is designed to promote reliable, useful, ethical evaluations that contribute to organizational learning, accountability, and our mission to best serve those in need. It demonstrates the IFRC’s commitment to transparency, providing a publicly accessible document to all stakeholders so that they may better understand and participate in the evaluation function. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) Case postale 372 1211 Genève 19 Suisse Tel: +41 22 730 4222 Fax: +41 22 733 0395 http://www.ifrc.org/MandE Africa Regional Office Woodlands Road, off Dennis Pritt Road | P. O. Box 41275, 00100 | Nairobi | Kenya. Tel: +254 202835000 Fax: +254202712777 Find out more on www.ifrc.org/africa Acknowledgement This synthesis reference document was prepared by Steve Powell, IFRC consultant, with support and editorial review by IFRC staff, Dr. Adeiza Ben Adinoyi, Gabriel Pictet, Amanda McClelland and Josse Gillijns. Thanks are owed to the individuals within the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and partner organization who gave their input into the background documents for this report. 2 | Key to coloured highlighting: Findings Analyses Lessons Contents Executive Summary ......................................................................... 8 Purpose, scope, background ........................................................ 11 Purpose .......................................................................................................................
  • Ebola Outbreak – Monthly Overview April

    Ebola Outbreak – Monthly Overview April

    ACAPS: Ebola Outbreak – Monthly Overview April 4 May 2015 Ebola continues to have a negative impact on food security and livelihoods. The recovery of markets and trade should be supported by the lifting of movement Ebola Outbreak restrictions and reopening of borders. Household (HH) incomes remain below average across the region, due to decreased employment opportunities. Weak Monthly Overview April purchasing power is expected to be the main driver of food insecurity. Need for international Not required Low Moderate Significant Urgent assistance X Key Findings Insignificant Minor Moderate Significant Major Expected impact X Anticipated scope and Health systems continue to struggle to provide non-Ebola care. Crisis Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Capacity remains limited and fear of Ebola is still preventing scale Key Findings ............................................................................................................................................... 1 people from seeking healthcare. Regional ..................................................................................................................................................... 2 Outbreaks of infectious diseases, such as measles, are being Guinea ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 reported in the three most affected countries.
  • Impact of the West African Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on Food Security

    Impact of the West African Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on Food Security

    Impact of the West African Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on Food security Anne- Claire THOMAS Tharcisse NKUNZIMANA A n a P EREZ HOYOS François KAYITAKIRE D e c e m b e r 2014 European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability Contact information François Kayitakire Address: Joint Research Centre Via Fermi, 2749 / TP266 21027 Ispra (VA), Italy E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +: +39 0332786580 https://ec.europa.eu/jrc Legal Notice This publication is a Science and Policy Report by the Joint Research Centre, the European Commission’s in-house science service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policy-making process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. © European Union, 2014 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Main Conclusions . The exceptional extent and duration of the 2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa has had significant adverse effects on food security in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia, the countries most affected. Despite these adverse effects on food security, food availability is not expected to be significantly reduced on average compared to a normal year. Overall production in affected countries is expected to decline slightly, essentially because of labour shortages. In addition, all borders other than the Guinea-Senegal border had been re-opened by the end of November 2014. Food imports may thus resume and food availability may improve starting December 2014.
  • The Economic Impacts of Ebola on Firms in Sierra Leone

    The Economic Impacts of Ebola on Firms in Sierra Leone

    Final report The economic impacts of Ebola on firms in Sierra Leone Katherine Casey Rachel Glennerster Tavneet Suri April 2017 When citing this paper, please use the title and the following reference number: F-39204-SLE-1 Project Report: The Economic Impacts of Ebola on Firms in Sierra Leone1 Katherine Casey Rachel Glennerster Tavneet Suri Stanford GSB MIT J-PAL MIT Sloan [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 1. Introduction and Motivation In 2014, Sierra Leone was hit by the emergence of Ebola, a deadly and terrifying disease. In an effort to control the spread of the disease, national and international agencies took drastic action: land borders were closed; several international airlines stopped service to the country; cordons were placed around particularly affected districts; schools were closed for nine months; and bars, nightclubs and restaurants were restricted for over a year. The economic consequences of the fear and disruption caused by the outbreak have been hard to estimate, not least because Sierra Leone simultaneously suffered a reduction in the price of iron ore, one of its main exports. Few would contest, however, that the economic impacts were substantial. In previous work, we used nationally representative household surveys to document how hours worked fell for those in informal employment and that nonfarm household businesses were badly hit during the worst of the crisis (Fu et al., 2015). However, little is known about how formal sector firms reacted to the crisis. As in other low income countries, formal sector firms represent a relatively small fraction of employment in Sierra Leone (91% of the labor force is self-employed), but a much higher proportion of taxes and exports (corporate tax alone makes up 11% of tax revenues).
  • New Approaches to the Founding of the Sierra Leone Colony, 1786–1808

    New Approaches to the Founding of the Sierra Leone Colony, 1786–1808

    Bowling Green State University ScholarWorks@BGSU History Faculty Publications History Winter 2008 New Approaches to the Founding of the Sierra Leone Colony, 1786–1808 Isaac Land Indiana State University, [email protected] Andrew M. Schocket Bowling Green State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/hist_pub Part of the Cultural History Commons, and the United States History Commons Repository Citation Land, Isaac and Schocket, Andrew M., "New Approaches to the Founding of the Sierra Leone Colony, 1786–1808" (2008). History Faculty Publications. 5. https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/hist_pub/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at ScholarWorks@BGSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@BGSU. New Approaches to the Founding of the Sierra Leone Colony, 1786–1808 Isaac Land Indiana State University Andrew M. Schocket Bowling Green State University This special issue of the Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History consists of a forum of innovative ways to consider and reappraise the founding of Britain’s Sierra Leone colony. It originated with a conversation among the two of us and Pamela Scully – all having research interests touching on Sierra Leone in that period – noting that the recent historical inquiry into the origins of this colony had begun to reach an important critical mass. Having long been dominated by a few seminal works, it has begun to attract interest from a number of scholars, both young and established, from around the globe.1 Accordingly, we set out to collect new, exemplary pieces that, taken together, present a variety of innovative theoretical, methodological, and topical approaches to Sierra Leone.
  • Fears and Misperceptions of the Ebola Response System During the 2014-2015 Outbreak in Sierra Leone

    Fears and Misperceptions of the Ebola Response System During the 2014-2015 Outbreak in Sierra Leone

    RESEARCH ARTICLE Fears and Misperceptions of the Ebola Response System during the 2014-2015 Outbreak in Sierra Leone Thespina Yamanis1,2*, Elisabeth Nolan1, Susan Shepler1 1 School of International Service, American University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America, 2 Center on Health, Risk and Society, American University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America * [email protected], [email protected] a11111 Abstract Background OPEN ACCESS Future infectious disease epidemics are likely to disproportionately affect countries with Citation: Yamanis T, Nolan E, Shepler S (2016) weak health systems, exacerbating global vulnerability. To decrease the severity of epi- Fears and Misperceptions of the Ebola Response demics in these settings, lessons can be drawn from the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. System during the 2014-2015 Outbreak in Sierra There is a dearth of literature on public perceptions of the public health response system Leone. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10(10): e0005077. that required citizens to report and treat Ebola cases. Epidemiological reports suggested doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005077 that there were delays in diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of our study was to explore Editor: Matthew Kasper, Armed Forces Health the barriers preventing Sierra Leoneans from trusting and using the Ebola response system Surveillance Center, UNITED STATES during the height of the outbreak. Received: February 25, 2016 Accepted: September 27, 2016 Methods Published: October 18, 2016 Using an experienced ethnographer, we conducted 30 semi-structured in-depth interviews Copyright: © 2016 Yamanis et al. This is an open in public spaces in Ebola-affected areas. Participants were at least age 18, spoke Krio, and access article distributed under the terms of the reported no contact in the recent 21 days with an Ebola-infected person.
  • Briefing Note West Africa Ebola

    Briefing Note West Africa Ebola

    ACAPS Briefing Note EBOLA OUTBREAK IN SIERRA LEONE DATE: 26 June 2014 Insignificant Minor Moderate Important Major Priorities for humanitarian interventions in the coming weeks Expected impact X Immediate needs include qualified medical staff, the organisation of training on how to treat Ebola, and increasing number of contact tracing and awareness-raising Need for international Not required Low Moderate Important Urgent activities among the population. There is need for socioeconomic and psychological assistance x support to cases, their families and communities. There is social disruption and stigma associated with the illness. Most of the people affected by Ebola in Sierra Leone are women, as they are the ones who take care of sick family members, Crisis overview deceased and relatives. An Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak, which started in Guinea in early 2014, Humanitarian constraints has now spread to Liberia and Sierra Leone. As of 23 June, the total cumulative The upcoming rainy season is expected to hamper humanitarian access. number of cases reported in the three countries was 635 out of which 399 died, a Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of 62.8%. (WHO, 25/06/2014). Ebola patients Need for humanitarian assistance have been identified in more than 60 separate locations across the three There is an urgent need to intensify response efforts, and to promote cross-border countries, complicating efforts to treat patients and curb the outbreak (MSF, collaboration and information sharing (WHO 25/06/2014). Bringing the epidemic under 25/06/2014). control will require a massive deployment of resources by governments in West Africa and aid organisations (MSF 24/06/2014).
  • Magnitude of Ebola Relative to Other Causes of Death in Liberia, Sierra

    Magnitude of Ebola Relative to Other Causes of Death in Liberia, Sierra

    Correspondence Magnitude of Ebola We used the most recent (2013) In Liberia, for virtually all model relative to other causes national estimates of non-EVD parameters, EVD deaths exceeded the mortality,2,7 together with projections expected number of deaths due to of death in Liberia, of population growth, to calculate the the leading non-EVD cause of death Sierra Leone, and Guinea expected number of deaths from non- (fi gure). In Sierra Leone, a broad range EVD causes in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and of model parameters also indicated With more than 20 000 cases reported, Guinea in 2014. For all combinations that EVD might have killed more the outbreak of Ebola virus disease of model parameters, we mapped how people in 2014 than the leading non- (EVD) in west Africa is by far the largest the estimated number of EVD deaths EVD cause of death (ie, malaria). In in recorded history. Despite the scale ranked relative to the expected number other sets of model parameters, EVD of the current outbreak, EVD is often of deaths from non-EVD causes. still killed more people than the second perceived as a “small-scale killer”.1 By comparison, malaria caused an Liberia Sierra Leone Guinea estimated 854 000 deaths world wide 2·5 2 10k 15k in 2013. However, although limited 5k at the global level, the impact of EVD on mortality could be substantial in 10k countries with intense transmission. We thus aimed to compare EVD with 2·0 other causes of death in Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea in 2014.
  • The West Indian Mission to West Africa: the Rio Pongas Mission, 1850-1963

    The West Indian Mission to West Africa: the Rio Pongas Mission, 1850-1963

    The West Indian Mission to West Africa: The Rio Pongas Mission, 1850-1963 by Bakary Gibba A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Bakary Gibba (2011) The West Indian Mission to West Africa: The Rio Pongas Mission, 1850-1963 Doctor of Philosophy, 2011 Bakary Gibba Department of History, University of Toronto Abstract This thesis investigates the efforts of the West Indian Church to establish and run a fascinating Mission in an area of West Africa already influenced by Islam or traditional religion. It focuses mainly on the Pongas Mission’s efforts to spread the Gospel but also discusses its missionary hierarchy during the formative years in the Pongas Country between 1855 and 1863, and the period between 1863 and 1873, when efforts were made to consolidate the Mission under black control and supervision. Between 1873 and 1900 when additional Sierra Leonean assistants were hired, relations between them and African-descended West Indian missionaries, as well as between these missionaries and their Eurafrican host chiefs, deteriorated. More efforts were made to consolidate the Pongas Mission amidst greater financial difficulties and increased French influence and restrictive measures against it between 1860 and 1935. These followed an earlier prejudiced policy in the Mission that was strongly influenced by the hierarchical nature of nineteenth-century Barbadian society, which was abandoned only after successive deaths
  • Impact of the Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on Market Chains And

    Impact of the Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak on Market Chains And

    FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Dakar, 2016 The conclusions given in this information product are considered appropriate at the time of its preparation. They may be mod- ified in the light of further knowledge gained at subsequent stages of the project. In particular, the recommendations included in this information product were valid at the time they were written, during the FAO workshop on the market chains and trade of agricultural products in the context of the Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa, organized in December 2014 in Dakar, Senegal. The views expressed in this information product are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not men- tioned. ISBN 978-92-5-109223-1 © FAO, 2016 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise in- dicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way.
  • After Ebola: Why and How Capacity Support to Sierra Leone's Health

    After Ebola: Why and How Capacity Support to Sierra Leone's Health

    Researching livelihoods and services affected by conflict After Ebola: why and how capacity support to Sierra Leone’s health sector needs to change Report 7 Lisa Denney and Richard Mallett with Ramatu Jalloh June 2015 Written by Lisa Denney and Richard Mallett with Ramatu Jalloh SLRC reports present information, analysis and key policy recommendations on issues relating to livelihoods, basic services and social protection in conflict affected situations. This and other SLRC reports are available from www.securelivelihoods. org. Funded by DFID, Irish Aid and the EC. Disclaimer: The views presented in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of DFID, Irish Aid, the EC, SLRC or our partners SLRC reports present information, analysis on issues relating to livelihoods, basic services and social protection in conflict affected situations. This and other SLRC reports are available from www.securelivelihoods.org. ©SLRC 2015. Readers are encouraged to quote or reproduce material from SLRC for their own publications. As copyright holder SLRC, requests due acknowledgement and a copy of the publication. Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium Overseas Development Institute (ODI) 203 Blackfriars Road London SE1 8NJ United Kingdom T +44 (0)20 7922 8249 F +44 (0)20 7922 0399 E [email protected] www.securelivelihoods.org Researching livelihoods and services affected by conflict i About us Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium (SLRC) aims to generate a stronger evidence base on how people make a living, educate their children, deal with illness and access other basic services in conflict-affected situations (CAS). Providing better access to basic services, social protection and support to livelihoods matters for the human welfare of people affected by conflict, the achievement of development targets such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and international efforts at peace- and state-building.
  • The Philatelic Library of Eric Pethers

    The Philatelic Library of Eric Pethers

    The Philatelic Library of Eric Pethers SUBJECT & No. TITLE AUTHOR TYPE YEAR PRICE ADEN a1415 The Postal History of British Aden ( 1839-1967 ) Major R.W. Pratt & others Hardback 1985 £30.00 AFGHANISTAN a1212 Afghanistan 1840-1996 Postal History Handbook. ( No.8 of 50. Signed ) John M. Wilkins Softback 2000 £50.00 AIR & AIRMAIL a1699 50 Years of Australian Air Mails H.N. Eustis Softback 1964 £12.00 a242 A Pioneer British Air Mail, Bath-London , 1912 A.E. Hopkins Hardback 1929 £4.00 a967 A Priced Catalogue of Air Posts of the World Alan Turton Hardback 1925 £7.50 a1193 Air Mail ( Republished ) Official Document Softback 1929 £3.00 a1678 Air Mail Routes and Rates in South America 1928-1940 In Spanish and English Mario D. Kurchan Softback 1999 £35.00 a1756 Airmail 1870-1970 James Mackay Hardback 1971 £12.00 a1700 All Up Air mail John C.W. Field Softback 1978 £3.00 a975 Bridging the Pacific John C.W. Field Softback Undated £10.00 a1766 British External Airmails until 1934 Alexander S. Newall Hardback Undated £22.00 a1166 Commercial Zeppelin Flights to South America John Duggan & Jim Grave Softback 1995 £17.50 a1200 Correio Aereo A History of the Development of Air Mail Service in Brazil William Victor Kriebel Softback 1996 £12.50 a107 De Havilland A Postal History Roy Wheeler Softback 1996 £17.50 a236 Deutsche Lufthansa South Atlantic Airmail Service 1934-1939 James W. Graue & John Duggan Softback 2000 £48.00 a1764 East African Airmails to 1939 Bill Colley Softback 1994 £15.00 a1862 Etiquettes: Par Avion - By Air Mail Frank G.