World Directory of Minorities

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

World Directory of Minorities Europe MRG Directory –> Russian Federation –> Evenk Print Page Close Window Evenk Profile According to the 2002 national census, there are 35,527 Evenk in the Russian Federation. Evenk are composed of a number of groups that cover a vast area (approximately a quarter of Siberia). Formerly possessing a national autonomy, the Evenk autonomous okrug, they will form part of a newly reformed Krasnoyarsk Krai from 2007. In 2002 the total population of the Evenk AO was 18,200 (Russians 67.5 per cent, Evenks 14.0 per cent, Ukrainians 5.3 per cent, Yakuts 3.8 per cent and others 9.4 per cent). The Evenk are one of the most geographically dispersed ethnic groups in Russia; up to half of Russia's Evenk population lives in the Republic of Sakha-Yakutia. There is also a significant Evenk population (30,000) in the People's Republic of China. Historical context The Evenk are thought to be descendants of a fusion between Tungus and Yukagir cultures. They came under Russian influence from the seventeenth century. Traditional reindeer husbandry and hunting economies declined over the twentieth century as enforced processes of sedentarization, collectivisation and industrialization took place. The Evenk were awarded an AOk in Krasnoyarsk Krai in December 1930. In the 1980s a plan to construct a dam on the Lower Tunguska river, which would have flooded most of the Evenk autonomous okrug, was aborted after protests by Evenk groups, Russian environmental groups and the Association of the Peoples of the North. Current issues In 2005 the populations of the Taimyr autonomous okrug, the Evenk autonomous okrug and Krasnoyarsk krai voted in favour of the unification of the three regions in a referendum. The unification was set for 1 January 2007. In the Evenk autonomous okrug 79 per cent of voters voted in favour of the merger. Page 1 of 1.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Russia Country Report: Multicultural Experience in Education
RUSSIA COUNTRY REPORT: MULTICULTURAL EXPERIENCE IN EDUCATION Leila Salekhova, Ksenia Grigorieva Kazan Federal University (RUSSIAN FEDERATION) Abstract The Russian Federation (RF) is a large country with the total area of 17,075,400 sq km. The RF has the world’s ninth-largest population of 146,600,000 people. According to the 2010 census, ethnic Russian people constitute up to 81% of the total population. In total, over 185 different ethnic groups live within the RF borders. Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Judaism are Russia’s traditional religions. Russia is a multinational and multicultural state. The large number of different ethnic groups represents the result of a complicated history of migrations, wars and revolutions. The ethnic diversity of Russia has significantly influenced the nature of its development and has had a strong influence on the state education policy. The article gives a detailed analysis of the key factors determining educational opportunities for different RF ethnic groups. A complicated ethnic composition of Russia’s population and its multi-confessional nature cause the educational system to fulfill educational, ethno-cultural and consolidating functions by enriching the educational content with ethnic peculiarities and at the same time providing students with an opportunity to study both in native (non-Russian) and non-native (Russian) languages. The paper provides clear and thorough description of Russian educational system emphasizing positive features like high literacy and educational rates especially in technical areas that are due to the results of the educational system functioning nowadays. Teacher education is provided in different types of educational institutions allowing their graduates to start working as teachers immediately after graduating.
[Show full text]
Events and Land Reform in Russia
3 TITLE: EVENKS AND LAND REFORM IN RUSSIA: PROGRESS AND OBSTACLES AUTHOR: GAIL FONDAHL University of Northern British Columbia THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARCH TITLE VIII PROGRAM 1755 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 PROJECT INFORMATION:1 CONTRACTOR: Dartmouth College PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Gail Fondahl COUNCIL CONTRACT NUMBER: 808-28 DATE: March 1, 1996 COPYRIGHT INFORMATION Individual researchers retain the copyright on work products derived from research funded by Council Contract. The Council and the U.S. Government have the right to duplicate written reports and other materials submitted under Council Contract and to distribute such copies within the Council and U.S. Government for their own use, and to draw upon such reports and materials for their own studies; but the Council and U.S. Government do not have the right to distribute, or make such reports and materials available, outside the Council or U.S. Government without the written consent of the authors, except as may be required under the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act 5 U.S.C. 552, or other applicable law. 1 The work leading to this report was supported in part by contract funds provided by the National Council for Soviet and East European Research, made available by the U. S. Department of State under Title VIII (the Soviet-Eastern European Research and Training Act of 1983, as amended). The analysis and interpretations contained in the report are those of the author(s). EVENKS AND LAND REFORM IN RUSSIA: PROGRESS AND OBSTACLES Gail Fondahl1 The Evenks are one of most populous indigenous peoples of Siberia (with 30,247 individuals, according to a 1989 census), inhabiting an area stretching from west of the Yenisey River to the Okhotsk seaboard and Sakhalin Island, and from the edge of the tundra south to China and Mongolia.
[Show full text]
Second Report Submitted by the Russian Federation Pursuant to The
ACFC/SR/II(2005)003 SECOND REPORT SUBMITTED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 25, PARAGRAPH 2 OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES (Received on 26 April 2005) MINISTRY OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION REPORT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROVISIONS OF THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL MINORITIES Report of the Russian Federation on the progress of the second cycle of monitoring in accordance with Article 25 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities MOSCOW, 2005 2 Table of contents PREAMBLE ..............................................................................................................................4 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................4 2. The legislation of the Russian Federation for the protection of national minorities rights5 3. Major lines of implementation of the law of the Russian Federation and the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities .............................................................15 3.1. National territorial subdivisions...................................................................................15 3.2 Public associations – national cultural autonomies and national public organizations17 3.3 National minorities in the system of federal government............................................18 3.4 Development of Ethnic Communities’ National
[Show full text]
Genetic Analysis of Male Hungarian Conquerors: European and Asian Paternal Lineages of the Conquering Hungarian Tribes
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences (2020) 12: 31 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-019-00996-0 ORIGINAL PAPER Genetic analysis of male Hungarian Conquerors: European and Asian paternal lineages of the conquering Hungarian tribes Erzsébet Fóthi1 & Angéla Gonzalez2 & Tibor Fehér3 & Ariana Gugora4 & Ábel Fóthi5 & Orsolya Biró6 & Christine Keyser2,7 Received: 11 March 2019 /Accepted: 16 October 2019 /Published online: 14 January 2020 # The Author(s) 2020 Abstract According to historical sources, ancient Hungarians were made up of seven allied tribes and the fragmented tribes that split off from the Khazars, and they arrived from the Eastern European steppes to conquer the Carpathian Basin at the end of the ninth century AD. Differentiating between the tribes is not possible based on archaeology or history, because the Hungarian Conqueror artifacts show uniformity in attire, weaponry, and warcraft. We used Y-STR and SNP analyses on male Hungarian Conqueror remains to determine the genetic source, composition of tribes, and kin of ancient Hungarians. The 19 male individuals paternally belong to 16 independent haplotypes and 7 haplogroups (C2, G2a, I2, J1, N3a, R1a, and R1b). The presence of the N3a haplogroup is interesting because it rarely appears among modern Hungarians (unlike in other Finno-Ugric-speaking peoples) but was found in 37.5% of the Hungarian Conquerors. This suggests that a part of the ancient Hungarians was of Ugric descent and that a significant portion spoke Hungarian. We compared our results with public databases and discovered that the Hungarian Conquerors originated from three distant territories of the Eurasian steppes, where different ethnicities joined them: Lake Baikal- Altai Mountains (Huns/Turkic peoples), Western Siberia-Southern Urals (Finno-Ugric peoples), and the Black Sea-Northern Caucasus (Caucasian and Eastern European peoples).
[Show full text]
Iron Age Nomads of Southern Siberia in Craniofacial Perspective
ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCE Vol. 122(3), 137–148, 2014 Iron Age nomads of southern Siberia in craniofacial perspective Ryan W. SCHMIDT1,2*, Andrej A. EVTEEV3 1University of Montana, Department of Anthropology, Missoula, MT 59812, USA 2Kitasato University, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan 3Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 125009, Mokhovaya St., 11, Russia Received 9 April 2014; accepted 24 July 2014 Abstract This study quantifies the population history of Iron Age nomads of southern Siberia by ana- lyzing craniofacial diversity among contemporaneous Bronze and Iron Age (7th–2nd centuries BC) groups and compares them to a larger geographic sample of modern Siberian and Central Asian popula- tions. In our analyses, we focus on peoples of the Tagar and Pazyryk cultures, and Iron Age peoples of the Tuva region. Twentysix cranial landmarks of the vault and facial skeleton were analyzed on a total of 461 ancient and modern individuals using geometric morphometric techniques. Male and female cra- nia were separated to assess potential sexbiased migration patterns. We explore southern Siberian pop- ulation history by including Turkicspeaking peoples, a Xiongnu Iron Age sample from Mongolia, and a Bronze Age sample from Xinjiang. Results show that male Pazyryk cluster closer to Iron Age Tuvans, while Pazyryk females are more isolated. Conversely, Tagar males seem more isolated, while Tagar fe- males cluster amongst an Early Iron Age southern Siberian sample. When additional modern Siberian samples are included, Tagar and Pazyryk males cluster more closely with each other than females, sug- gesting possible sexbiased migration amongst different Siberian groups.
[Show full text]
Siberia and India: Historical Cultural Affinities
Dr. K. Warikoo 1 © Vivekananda International Foundation 2020 Published in 2020 by Vivekananda International Foundation 3, San Martin Marg | Chanakyapuri | New Delhi - 110021 Tel: 011-24121764 | Fax: 011-66173415 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.vifindia.org Follow us on Twitter | @vifindia Facebook | /vifindia All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher Dr. K. Warikoo is former Professor, Centre for Inner Asian Studies, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He is currently Senior Fellow, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library, New Delhi. This paper is based on the author’s writings published earlier, which have been updated and consolidated at one place. All photos have been taken by the author during his field studies in the region. Siberia and India: Historical Cultural Affinities India and Eurasia have had close social and cultural linkages, as Buddhism spread from India to Central Asia, Mongolia, Buryatia, Tuva and far wide. Buddhism provides a direct link between India and the peoples of Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Tuva, Altai, Urals etc.) who have distinctive historico-cultural affinities with the Indian Himalayas particularly due to common traditions and Buddhist culture. Revival of Buddhism in Siberia is of great importance to India in terms of restoring and reinvigorating the lost linkages. The Eurasianism of Russia, which is a Eurasian country due to its geographical situation, brings it closer to India in historical-cultural, political and economic terms.
[Show full text]
Russians, Tatars and Jews by Mark Tolts
Ethnicity, Religion and Demographic Change in Russia: Russians, Tatars and Jews by Mark Tolts [Published in: Evolution or Revolution in European Population (European Population Conference, Milano 1995), Vol. 2. Milan: EAPS and IUSSP, 1996, pp. 165-179] 1. Introduction The Russian Federation is a multiethnic country. However, during many years Russia proper was only part of an even more variegated state — first the Tsarist Empire, and then the Soviet Union, which was dissolved in 1991. Therefore demographic transition was in the past studied mostly in the framework of the USSR and ethnic factors were discussed for this larger unit as a whole. This article is the first to compare ethnicity, religion and demographic change among Russians, Tatars and Jews in Russia alone. These three groups were chosen specifically because they represent distinctive religions, as well as greatly differing ethnic backgrounds and cultures. The Russians are a Slavic people whose traditional religion is Russian Orthodox Christianity. They were for many years the dominant ethnic group of the Tsarist Empire and the Soviet Union, and now form The research for this paper was funded in part by the Memorial Foundation for Jewish Culture. Background research is being supported by the Israel Interministry Fund ‘Tokhnit Giladi’. The author wishes to express his appreciation to Sergio DellaPergola for his advice and Evgeny Andreev and Leonid Darsky for their helpful suggestions. Mark Kupovetsky, Pavel Polian and Sergei Zakharov offered some statistical data and copies of important materials. The author is grateful to Judith Even, Eli Lederhendler and Shaul Stampfer for reading and editing an earlier draft, and to Philippa Bacal for careful typing.
[Show full text]
Contact in Siberian Languages Brigitte Pakendorf
Contact in Siberian Languages Brigitte Pakendorf To cite this version: Brigitte Pakendorf. Contact in Siberian Languages. In Raymond Hickey. The Handbook of Language Contact, Blackwell Publishing, pp.714-737, 2010. hal-02012641 HAL Id: hal-02012641 https://hal.univ-lyon2.fr/hal-02012641 Submitted on 16 Jul 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 9781405175807_4_035 1/15/10 5:38 PM Page 714 35 Contact and Siberian Languages BRIGITTE PAKENDORF This chapter provides a brief description of contact phenomena in the languages of Siberia, a geographic region which is of considerable significance for the field of contact linguistics. As this overview cannot hope to be exhaustive, the main goal is to sketch the different kinds of language contact situation known for this region. Within this larger scope of contact among the languages spoken in Siberia, a major focus will be on the influence exerted by Evenki, a Northern Tungusic language, on neighboring indigenous languages. The chapter is organized as follows: after a brief introduction to the languages and peoples of Siberia (section 1), the influence exerted on the indigenous languages by Russian, the dominant language in the Russian Federation, is described in section 2.
[Show full text]
The Loss of Oral Traditions in the Far East Russia: Future of the Community Anastasiia Chuguevskaia
Ge-conservación Conservação | Conservation The Loss of Oral Traditions in the Far East Russia: Future of the Community Anastasiia Chuguevskaia Abstract: This paper investigates the issues threatening the existence of oral traditions and expressions, a strong element of Intangible Cultural Heritage of indigenous nations in Russian Federation and discusses the consequences for the associated communities of such threats. Two of the major threats, rapid globalisation and modernisation of human life-style, have led to the distancing between generations, a phenomenon clearly evident in native settlements where younger generations are moving to urban areas and abandoning their native culture. This paper specifically focuses on the case of Evenks people of Russia, who represent one of the largest native minorities of the country. The Evenks were chosen to be a representation of the phenomenon due to the fact that the native community shows high concern for the issue of oral traditions endangerment and works on safeguarding it. The research used content analysis and netnography research to collect data from social media associated with Evenks and research articles on the issue to study the factors that affect the loss of oral traditions and the consequences for Evenks people of the loss of their oral heritage. It was found that topic of the endangerment of oral traditions among Evenks lacks the diversity of research, and does not receive enough support of legal protection of oral traditions and expressions. Nonetheless Evenks people show a great case of community empowerment through the process of creating programs for safeguarding their language and culture in the modern setting.
[Show full text]
The Russian Language in the Socio-Cultural Adaptation of Kurds Who Resettled to the Republic of Adygea
ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 6 No 5 S2 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy September 2015 The Russian Language in the Socio-Cultural Adaptation of Kurds Who Resettled to the Republic of Adygea Alla Nikolaevna Sokolova Asiet Yusufovna Shadje Federal State Budget Institution of Higher Professional Education «Adyghe State University» (ASU) 385000, Maikop, street Pervomayskaya, 208, Russian Federation; Email: [email protected] Doi:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n5s2p283 Abstract Migration flows, which have significantly altered the demographic composition of the South of Russia over the last 25 years, are connected with the inflow of population with poor knowledge of the Russian language. One of the numerous ethnic groups that compactly settled in the Krasnogvardeysky District of the Republic of Adygea is the Kurds (more than 5,000 people). According to the census of the Russian Federation in 2010, every 13th Kurd in Adygea did not speak Russian. In a multiethnic environment, which is characteristic of the Republic of Adygea, the Russian language plays an important unifying role. It largely provides the political stability of the region, true friendship of peoples, and tolerance towards different cultures. Most materials were obtained by researchers in the course of three years of work with the Kurds of Adygea, numerous interviews with people of different ages and occupations, and due to studying the official documents of the administrations of rural settlements and observation of the behavior of students in school and ordinary people in everyday life. The authors used statistical, logical, and sociometric techniques and methods of interdisciplinary research considering the Kurdish ethnic group from the standpoint of sociology and cultural anthropology, as well as the method of participant observation, which allows stating changes that occur in the development of ethnic groups.
[Show full text]
Association of Indigenous Minority Peoples of the North of Khabarovsk Krai for the Protection of Indigenous Peoples' Rights
Russia Country Report 2002/2003 102~108 Association of Indigenous Minority Peoples of the North of Khabarovsk Krai For the Protection of Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Galina M. VOLKOVA President, Regional Public Organization, Association of Indigenous Minority Peoples of the North of Khabarovsk Krai, Russian Far East* Contents: Introduction. 1. Challenges Faced by Indigenous Peoples in Utilizing Forest Resources. 2. Activities of the Association Directed Towards Improvement of the Position of Indigenous Peoples With Respect to Traditional Wildlife Management Practices. Conclusion. Introduction rights of indigenous peoples with respect to traditional The regional public organization ‘Association of the wildlife management practices is weak and imperious in Indigenous Peoples of the North of Khabarovsk Krai’ nature. Third, the patriarchal/dominant nature of State (hereafter referred to as the Association) was formed by policy in relation to local people has resulted in local the Constituent Conference convened on 26th March communities adopting a dependent mind-set and the re- 1990 in Khabarovsk1. Since this time, the presidency of pression of indigenous rights. Fourth, the indigenous the Association has been held successively by three dif- peoples do not observe State rights regarding participa- ferent persons. The Association was set up to address the tion of the public in forest management. Fifth, there is a following issues: the preservation and revival of the tra- lack of information on the condition of forest resources ditional mode of life of the indigenous minority peoples and the likelihood of industrial exploitation, which to- who inhabit the primordial territories of the North of gether limit the opportunities for local people to partici- Khabarovsk Krai (hereafter referred to as the indigenous pate in inclusive management processes.
[Show full text]
Reforms, Migrations, and Identity Politics in Evenkia
BelONGinG TO THE LAND in TURA: ReFORms, MIGRAtiOns, AND IDentitY POlitiCS in EvenKIA OLGA POVOROZNYUK Candidate of Science in Ethnology, Senior Researcher Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology Russian Academy of Sciences Leninskiy Prospect 32a 119991 Moscow, Russia e-mail: [email protected] AbstRACT Tura is a mixed community where Evenks live alongside other indigenous groups and Russians. The establishment of Evenk autonomy, with the centre in Tura, in 1930 strengthened Evenk ethnic identity and unity through increased political and cultural representation, as well as through the integration of migrants from other regions. In the post-Soviet period, the community witnessed a population loss, a declining socio-economic situation, and the abolition of autonomy. In the long course of reforms and identity construction, the indigenous intelligentsia has manipulated the concept of belonging to the land either to stress or to erase cultural differences, and thus, to secure the access of the local elite to valuable resources. Currently, the most hotly debated boundaries are those dividing Evenks into local and migrant, authentic and unauthentic, urban and rural. The paper* illustrates the intricate interrelations between ethnic, indigenous, and territorial identities from an identity politics perspective. KEYWORDS: belonging to land • Evenks • reforms • identity politics • migration INTRODUCTION Tura1 is the administrative centre of Evenk Rayon (municipal district, referred to below as Evenkia) situated in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Western Siberia. Its population was formed in the course of state administrative and territorial reforms, migrations, and identity construction politics. With the establishment of Evenk autonomy in 1930, nomads were sedentarised in ‘ethnic’ villages (natsional’nyi poselok) and a labour force was drawn to Tura from district settlements (faktoriya) and more distant places.
[Show full text]