Aspera Software Development Kit Integrate High-Speed File Transfer in Your Own Systems and Applications

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more

DATA SHEET Aspera Software Development Kit Integrate high-speed file transfer in your own systems and applications AT A GLANCE Aspera helps organizations move big WEB APIS data around the world at high-speed, Node API: The Node API consists of Key Features regardless of file size, transfer distance a set of RESTful interfaces to provide • Easily integrate Aspera FASP™ and network conditions. To support control of the Aspera transfer server transfer technology into your customers who want to integrate Aspera applications. environment including the ability to ping into custom applications and services, • Leverage the Aspera FASPManager and query information about an Aspera Aspera has created a comprehensive API for Java, .NET, and C++ to embed Node; create, delete and rename files Software Development Kit (SDK). Aspera transfer technology into on an Aspera Node; perform searches your client, server, and embedded The Aspera SDK offers a complete set within the node file system; and prepare applications. of Application Program Interfaces (APIs) for transferring files utilizing Aspera • Transfer byte-stream data using Aspera FASPStream to enable in- with supporting documentation and technology. memory access. sample code to help developers integrate faspex™ Web API: The Aspera faspex • Incorporate Aspera high-speed Aspera technology into applications transfers into your cloud applications as a replacement for traditional TCP- Web API provides a set of RESTful web with the Aspera Platform on Demand based protocols such as FTP or HTTP. services to enable browsing, publishing, faspex • Develop mobile applications using the The Aspera SDK includes web service sending, and receiving packages Aspera iOS and Android SDKs. APIs (REST and SOAP) as well as native while leveraging Aspera FASP high-speed • View best practices and code libraries for Java, .NET, and C++. transfer technology. examples on the Aspera Developer Network, including fully functional As part of the SDK, developers have Console: The Aspera Console API online web application examples. access to Aspera’s developer portal, the provides full control over Aspera transfer Key Benefits Aspera Developer Network (ADN). The sessions including initiation, queuing, ADN is filled with documentation, guides, management and control through a set of • Enable high-speed transfers with Aspera FASP technology. tips, tricks, and sample code to help RESTful interfaces. • Support the business needs of any developers identify the right APIs for their : Aspera offers environment including web, desktop, implementation needs. SOAP Web Services or mobile applications using Aspera’s SOAP web services to allow local or comprehensive set of APIs. ASPERA SDK INTERFACE remote applications to initiate, monitor, • Develop new and differentiating OPTIONS and control FASP-based transfers. The business models using secure, high- SOAP API is useful for server-to-server speed transfer of large files and data Aspera offers a variety of SDKs to enable sets to geographies or on devices that job submissions and retrieving transfer the integration of Aspera technology into were previously inaccessible. information. custom applications. The Aspera SDK • Enable developers to quickly is organized around Web APIs, Transfer integrate Aspera technology by TRANSFER SDK taking advantage of existing skills in SDK, Mobile SDK, and Application popular languages to quickly develop SDKs. Aspera continues to develop new FASPManager: The Aspera FASPManager custom applications using the rich set APIs and tools to support emerging SDK is used to develop custom of Aspera APIs. technologies. applications that embed Aspera transfer technology. The Aspera FASPManager SDK includes native bindings for Java, C++, and .NET. DATA SHEET Aspera Software Development Kit LICENSING OPTIONS FASPStream: The Aspera FASPStream MOBILE SDK API enables developers to bypass the SDK Basic Developers who wish to embed file system and directly access the • 1 developer; 2 licenses high-speed file transfer into mobile Aspera high-speed FASP “pipe” from • APIs for servers and clients applications can leverage the Aspera within their applications. By utilizing • 1 introductory web meeting to Mobile SDKs for iOS and Android. The the FASPStream interface, data review the Aspera Developer Aspera Mobile SDK offers a queue- being generated or captured can be Network (ADN) online resources based API for initiating, managing and transferred before written to disk and/ • Aspera SDK developer support by monitoring high-speed FASP transfers phone and email or incoming data can be processed between mobile devices and Aspera as soon as bytes are received. The • Covers basic server and/or client transfer servers. integration, limited to Enterprise FASPStream API supports .NET, Server, Connect Server, Point- Java, and C++. Android SDK: The Aspera Android SDK to-Point Client, Connect Client, Mobile, or embedded client provides a Java API to transfer files Connect Client: The Connect JavaScript using FASP on Google Android-powered SDK Advanced API allows for the integration of FASP- mobile devices. • 5 developers; 8 licenses based file transfer technology directly • APIs for servers and clients, plus into web application for a completely iOS SDK: The Aspera iOS SDK provides Console in-browser user experience. Developers an Objective C API to transfer files using • 1 introductory web meeting to can define how users initiate and control FASP on iPhone and iPad devices. review the ADN online resources transfers (with an optional drag-and- • Priority Aspera SDK developer drop interface between desktop and APPLICATION APIS support by phone and email the browser), how transfer progress • Covers advanced server and/ Java faspex Client: The Aspera is presented to the users within their or client integration, limited Java faspex Client SDK provides a to Enterprise Server, Connect web application, and how various user comprehensive, easy-to-use API to Server, Point-to-Point Client, actions and error conditions are handled Connect Client, Connect, access Aspera faspex services. This SDK by the application. Mobile, Cargo, embedded client brings together the faspex REST API options, Console, and all multi- and the actual transfer of files using node transfer management and Multicast: The Multicast API is a Java reporting APIs class library that allows initiation and FASP. It allows developers to build a management of IP multicast-based data functional faspex client with only a few SDK Enterprise transmissions using Aspera FASP-MC. lines of code. • 10 developers; 20 licenses • APIs for servers and clients, plus Console • 2 introductory web meetings to ASPERA DEVELOPER NETWORK review the ADN online resources The Aspera Developer Network is a valuable online resource for developers using • Supports multiple locations and the Aspera SDK. Guides, reference information, and sample code are available on the development teams ADN to assist developers in the process of integrating Aspera technology into their • Priority Aspera SDK developer support by phone and email own applications. • Covers advanced server and/ http://developer.asperasoft.com or client integration, limited to Enterprise Server, Connect Server, Point-to-Point Client, Connect Client, Connect, Mobile, Cargo, embedded client options, Console, and all multi- node transfer management and reporting APIs About Aspera The creator of next-generation transport technologies that move the world’s data at maximum speed regardless of file size, transfer distance and network conditions. Based on its patented ©2014 Aspera, an IBM Company. All rights reserved. FASP™ protocol, Aspera software fully utilizes existing infrastructures to deliver the fastest, most predictable file-transfer experience. Aspera’s core technology delivers unprecedented control Product features, specifications, system requirements over bandwidth, complete security and uncompromising reliability. Organizations across a variety and availability are subject to change without notice. FASP and faspex are trademarks of Aspera, Inc. in the of industries on six continents rely on Aspera software for the business-critical transport of their U.S. and other countries. All other trademarks contained digital assets. therein are the property of their respective owners. Learn more at www.asperasoft.com.
Recommended publications
  • Android (Operating System) 1 Android (Operating System)

    Android (Operating System) 1 Android (Operating System)

    Android (operating system) 1 Android (operating system) Android Android 4.4 home screen Company / developer Google Open Handset Alliance Android Open Source Project (AOSP) Programmed in C (core), C++, Java (UI) OS family Unix-like Working state Current Source model Open source with proprietary components Initial release September 23, 2008 Latest stable release 4.4.2 KitKat / December 9, 2013 Marketing target Smartphones Tablet computers Available language(s) Multi-lingual (46 languages) Package manager Google Play, APK Supported platforms 32-bit ARM, MIPS, x86 Kernel type Monolithic (modified Linux kernel) [1] [2] [3] Userland Bionic libc, shell from NetBSD, native core utilities with a few from NetBSD Default user interface Graphical (Multi-touch) License Apache License 2.0 Linux kernel patches under GNU GPL v2 [4] Official website www.android.com Android is an operating system based on the Linux kernel, and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Initially developed by Android, Inc., which Google backed financially Android (operating system) 2 and later bought in 2005, Android was unveiled in 2007 along with the founding of the Open Handset Alliance: a consortium of hardware, software, and telecommunication companies devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices. The first publicly available smartphone running Android, the HTC Dream, was released on October 22, 2008. The user interface of Android is based on direct manipulation, using touch inputs that loosely correspond to real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching and reverse pinching to manipulate on-screen objects. Internal hardware such as accelerometers, gyroscopes and proximity sensors are used by some applications to respond to additional user actions, for example adjusting the screen from portrait to landscape depending on how the device is oriented.
  • SDK Developer Reference Manual

    SDK Developer Reference Manual

    SDK Developer Reference Manual Version 1.0 13 Aout 2019 Mobiyo Pôle Produit 94 Rue de Villiers 92832 Levallois Perret Cedex – France SAS au capital de 2 486 196€, RCS Paris 824 638 209, N° TVA Intracommunautaire : FR61 824 638 209, Code APE : 6201Z i TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents Overview ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 What is the Mobiyo SDK . .1 What is an SDK ? �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������1 What is a REST Web Service? �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������1 Who may use this SDK? ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������2 Knowledge and skills . 2 How to read this documentation? . 2 Starting Guide �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3 Basic Concept ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 Requests . 3 Responses ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 4 Character encoding ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 5 Dates . 5 Available formats ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������
  • State of Mobile Linux Juha-Matti Liukkonen, Jan 5, 2011

    State of Mobile Linux Juha-Matti Liukkonen, Jan 5, 2011

    State of Mobile Linux Juha-Matti Liukkonen, Jan 5, 2011 1 Contents • Why is this interesting in a Qt course? • Mobile devices vs. desktop/server systems • Android, Maemo, and MeeGo today • Designing software for mobile environments 2 Why is this interesting in a Qt course? 3 Rationale • Advances in technology make computers mobile • Low-power processors, displays, wireless network chipsets, … iSuppli, Dec 2008 • Laptops outsell desktop computers • High-end smartphones = mobile computers Nokia terminology • Need to know how to make software function well in a mobile device • Qt is big part of Symbian & Maemo/MeeGo API 4 Developing software for mobiles In desktop/server computing: • Android smartphones Java :== server C/C++ :== desktop • Eclipse, Java Qt was initially developed for desktop applications. • Symbian smartphones Mobile devices today are more powerful than the • NetBeans / Eclipse, Java ME desktops 10 years ago. • Qt Creator, C/C++ Of particular interest in this course. • Maemo / MeeGo smartphones • Qt Creator, C/C++ 5 The elephant in the room • In 2007, Apple change the mobile world with the iPhone • Touch user interface, excellent developer tools, seamless services integration, … • Modern operating system, shared with iPod and Mac product lines • Caught “industry regulars” with their pants down • Nokia, Google, Samsung, et al – what choice do they have? Linux! We don’t talk about the iPhone here. 6 iPad “killed the netbook” • In 2010, Apple introduced another mobile game changer • iPad = basically, a scaled-up iPhone with a
  • Installation and Configuration Guide

    Installation and Configuration Guide

    IBM Cognos Software Development Kit Version 11.0.0 Installation and Configuration Guide IBM Note Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page 7. Product Information This document applies to IBM Cognos Software Development Kit Version 11.0.0 and may also apply to subsequent releases. Licensed Materials - Property of IBM © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2005, 2016. US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Introduction.......................................................................................................... v Chapter 1. Installing and configuring the Software Development Kit....................... 1 Upgrading the Software Development Kit Software................................................................................... 1 Install the Software Development Kit on UNIX or Linux ............................................................................2 Install the Software Development Kit on Microsoft Windows ................................................................... 3 Configuring the Software Development Kit................................................................................................. 4 Uninstall the Software Development Kit from UNIX or Linux .................................................................... 5 Uninstall the Software Development Kit from Microsoft Windows ..........................................................
  • Digitalpersona® Biometric SDK for Android®

    Digitalpersona® Biometric SDK for Android®

    EXTENDED ACCESS TECHNOLOGIES DigitalPersona® Biometric SDK for Android® The DIgitalPersona Biometric FINGERPRINT MATCHING ENGINE DigitalPersona Biometric SDKs Software Development Kit (SDK) The DigitalPersona FingerJet provide tools for developers for Android enables integrators matching engine, combined to create a new generation and developers to quickly add with DigitalPersona Fingerprint of commercial and internal fingerprint-based authentication Readers, offers accurate fingerprint applications delivering the to their Android applications. HID recognition, low false accept Global offers powerful SDKs which and false reject rates (FAR/FRR) convenience, security and feature accurate, high-performing coupled with fast execution time. biometric assurance of fingerprint authentication fingerprint authentication. STANDARDS SUPPORT algorithms. The DigitalPersona Biometric From time and attendance to EASY TO USE TOOLKITS SDK for Android fully embraces process control, point-of-sale In only a few hours, developers image, template, and compression and business applications, can easily integrate fingerprint standards. This provides developers DigitalPersona Biometric authentication into their Android with the flexibility to make SDKs allow developers to applications. Sample code is unfettered choices of matching quickly integrate fingerprint included to help programmers algorithms and the ability to authentication into their quickly understand how to capture comply with a growing customer software and hardware designs. a fingerprint, extract
  • ANDROID OPERATING SYSTEM” – MOST EMERGING OPERATING SYSTEM Himaanshu Saraf*1 & Prof

    ANDROID OPERATING SYSTEM” – MOST EMERGING OPERATING SYSTEM Himaanshu Saraf*1 & Prof

    [NCRAES-2019] ISSN 2348 – 8034 Impact Factor- 5.070 GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES “ANDROID OPERATING SYSTEM” – MOST EMERGING OPERATING SYSTEM Himaanshu Saraf*1 & Prof. P.P. Salunkhe2 *1U.G. Student, Department Of Computer Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College Of Engineering, Lavale, Pune, Maharashtra, India 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College Of Engineering, Lavale, Pune, Maharashtra, India ABSTRACT Android is an operating system which is used for mobile phones and was developed by GOOGLE. It is rapidly fledging in the market as there are number of mobile phones and tablets running on android. Android uses the modified version of Linux Kernel 2.6. Google developed android as a part of Open Handset Alliance, a group of technological companies which are working to open up the scope of mobile handset environment. In this paper we will look forward towards Android Platform and android based mobile application development & its security. Keywords: Android , Version , Development , Security , Features. I. INTRODUCTION Android is an operating system and a software development platform which is a modified version of Linux Kernel 2.6. It allows developers to develop applications & to write managed code in the Java programming language. Android was unveiled by GOOGLE in 2007. Google released Android code as an open-source under the Apache License. Android being open source has attracted a large number of developers & enthusiasts to use the open source code as a foundation in projects. As of 2017 stastics almost 85% share of Global Mobile Operating System Market is acquired by ANDROID with almost 2 billion active users every month.
  • Adobe Flash Professional for Ios Game Development a Feasible and Viable Alternative to Xcode?

    Adobe Flash Professional for Ios Game Development a Feasible and Viable Alternative to Xcode?

    IT 14 028 Examensarbete 15 hp Juni 2014 Adobe Flash Professional for iOS Game Development A Feasible and Viable Alternative to Xcode? Leila Svantro Institutionen för informationsteknologi Department of Information Technology Abstract Adobe Flash Professional for iOS Game Development - a Feasible and Viable Alternative to Xcode? Leila Svantro Teknisk- naturvetenskaplig fakultet UTH-enheten The smartphone operating system iOS is the second highest ranked after Android. The apps in App Store and Google Play combined consist of 70-80 % games, which Besöksadress: are the primary entertainment applications. Many developers are learning game Ångströmlaboratoriet Lägerhyddsvägen 1 development or refreshing their skills to profit on this trend. The problem statements Hus 4, Plan 0 are: is it viable and feasible to use Adobe Flash Professional (AFP) for the iOS game development compared to Xcode and could AFP be used exclusively for iOS game Postadress: development? Information on both IDEs has been analyzed. Furthermore, Box 536 751 21 Uppsala implementations and code comparisons have been made. The results and analysis shows differences regarding expenses while possibilities for developing the same kind Telefon: of games essentially are equivalent. The conclusions are that AFP is a viable IDE for 018 – 471 30 03 iOS game development in the aspect of possibilities. It is not feasible on a long-term Telefax: basis when considering the expenses however it could be feasible on a short-term 018 – 471 30 00 basis depending on the developer’s requirements of extension and Mac OS for App Store publishing. AFP is not able to be used exclusively for the iOS game development Hemsida: if publishing to the App Store is a requirement however it is if publishing is restricted http://www.teknat.uu.se/student to single devices.
  • Entitlement Management Software Development Kit

    Entitlement Management Software Development Kit

    DATASHEET Entitlement Management Entitlement Management Software Development Kit THE SITUATION Many large organizations have authorization and access control needs that cannot sufficiently be met with “off the shelf” solutions. Consequently, they often build their own custom (“homegrown”) applications to achieve their desired objectives. However, the administration of these custom applications can be quite cost-prohibitive. For instance, new business requirements or regulations may dictate that a new policy has to be created or updated in the custom application to accommo- date the change. This process is expensive and limits the organization’s ability to respond rapidly in a dynamic business environment. THE SOLUTION NextLabs Entitlement Management software development kit (EMSDK) enables the integration of applications into the Next- Labs authorization management platform. Through the EMSDK, organizations can implement and enforce access control, gov- ernance, and compliance policies for their custom applications, just as they can for their commercial, “off the shelf” applications, effectively making NextLabs a centralized policy enforcement platform. The following are the key capabilities: Externalized authorization management Integration with several different programming languages Granular data access control Simple policy creation Risk analytics Internet scale THE RESULTS The EMSDK enables the following benefits: Externalize authorization management to simplify and reduce administration time for access control policies Centralize audit and reporting to streamline risk analytics Expedite application development for enhanced business agility Lower total cost of ownership by extending the NextLabs platform to include custom applications Reduce the cost of compliance through more efficient data monitoring and audit HOW IT WORKS AVAILABLE SDKS The EMSDK allows organizations to implement attribute- Organizations can integrate their key applications into based access controls and entitlement management the NextLabs platform through the use of SDKs.
  • Gage Compuscope Software Development Kit for C/C# Datasheet

    Gage Compuscope Software Development Kit for C/C# Datasheet

    GaGe is a worldwide industry leader CompuScope Software Development Kit (SDK) in high speed data acquisition for C/C# solutions featuring a portfolio of the highest performance digitizers, PC oscilloscope software, powerful SDKs for custom application development, and turnkey integrated PC-based measurement systems. FEATURES Complete Control of GaGe CompuScope Hardware Instruments Support for all CompuScope Operating Modes and Configurations Rapid Development of Custom Applications with GaGe Instruments Ready-Made Compiled Sample Programs Illustrating Usage & Operation Advanced Sample Programs for eXpert FPGA Firmware Features APPLICATIONS Supports both 32-bit and 64-bit Application Development Windows and Linux Operating Systems Supported Wideband Signal Analysis Provided C SDK Sample Programs Illustrate: RADAR Design and Test o Single Acquisition with Full Configuration Control of Digitizer Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) o Multiple Segmented Acquisitions with Multiple Trigger Events Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Testing o Large and Deep Acquisition Size Operations LIDAR Systems o Complex Triggering Engine Operations Communications o Operation of Multiple CompuScope Digitizers in a System Optical Coherence Tomography o Signal Data Streaming to Software Analysis and to Storage Spectroscopy o Signal Data Streaming to GPU Processing for Analysis or Storage High-Performance Imaging o Repetitive Capture Performance Evaluation Operations Time of Flight o eXpert FPGA Signal Averaging Operations Life Sciences o eXpert FPGA Fast Fourier Transform
  • Introduction to Android Programming

    Introduction to Android Programming

    Android Programming Mahmoud Hammad Introduction • Android provides a rich framework that allows you to develop innovative Apps • Android Apps are developed in Java programming language and run on Android-powered devices • There are many IDEs that support building Android Apps • Tow main resources to learns Android programming • Android developer documentation: https://developer.android.com/index.html • Open source repositories: learn from others’ code • AOSP (Android Open Source ProJect) • F-Droid • … Outline • Android Development Environment • Android Platform • Android App Fundamentals • Building Android App • Open Source Apps Android Development Environment • Java Development Kit (JDK) • Check if you have it ($ java –version). If not, download it from Oracle • Android Software Development Kit (SDK) • Set of tools and the Android framework to develop and build an App • Integrated Development Environment (IDE) • Eclipse with Android Development Tool (ADT) • Android Studio: All-in-One IDE, powered by IntelliJ IDE • Emulator to run and test your App • Android Virtual Device (AVD): created by AVD Manager which is part of the SDK • Genymotion: Very fast emulator runs on Oracle VirtualBox Time to download Android Studio version 2.2 • https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html • Requires 1.6 GB Disk space and 2GB of RAM Android Platform Architecture • Android System is a multi-user Linux-based operating system • App runs in an instance of a VM called: • ART for Android 5.0 (API level 21) and after • Dalvik Android App Fundamentals • App
  • Series 60 MIDP SDK 2.1 for Symbian OS 60

    Series 60 MIDP SDK 2.1 for Symbian OS 60

    PLATFORM Series 60 MIDP SDK 2.1 for Symbian OS 60 Getting Started Guide Version 1.0 May 26, 2004 SERIES Series 60 MIDP SDK Getting Started Guide | 2 Legal Notice Copyright © 2004 Nokia Corporation. All rights reserved. Nokia and Nokia Connecting People are registered trademarks of Nokia Corporation. Java and all Java-based marks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks or trade names of their respective owners. Disclaimer The information in this document is provided “as is,” with no warranties whatsoever, including any warranty of merchantability, fitness for any particular purpose, or any warranty otherwise arising out of any proposal, specification, or sample. Furthermore, information provided in this document is preliminary, and may be changed substantially prior to final release. This document is provided for informational purposes only. Nokia Corporation disclaims all liability, including liability for infringement of any proprietary rights, relating to implementation of information presented in this document. Nokia Corporation does not warrant or represent that such use will not infringe such rights. Nokia Corporation retains the right to make changes to this specification at any time, without notice. License A license is hereby granted to download and print a copy of this specification for personal use only. No other license to any other intellectual property rights is granted herein. Version 1.0 | May 26, 2004 Series 60 MIDP SDK Getting
  • Software Development Kit V4.0.0

    Software Development Kit V4.0.0

    Oracle Utilities Application Framework SDK Reference Version 4.0.0 E48407-01 December 2012 Oracle Utilities Software Development Kit V4.0.0 Oracle Utilities Application Framework Software Development Kit Reference Release 4.0.0 E48407-01 December 2012 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited. If this software or related documentation is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS Programs, software, databases, and related documentation and technical data delivered to U.S. Government customers are "commercial computer software" or "commercial technical data" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and adaptation shall be subject to the restrictions and license terms set forth in the applicable Government contract, and, to the extent applicable by the terms of the Government contract, the additional rights set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software License (December 2007). Oracle America, Inc., 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065. This software or hardware is developed for general use in a variety of information management applications.