FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF JUVENILE JUSTICE

Detention Risk Assessment Instrument (DRAI) Supervised Release (SR) Outcomes Report J u l y – 2020 Analysis Statewide Report

B a c k g r o u n d The purpose of the DRAI is to determine the most appropriate placement for youth upon arrest. Youth taken into custody (arrested) by law enforcement are screened by the Department’s detention screening staff using the DRAI to determine whether a youth should be detained in a secure detention facility prior to their detention hearing, placed on supervised release (community-based supervision) or released without any additional supervision. Youth appear before the court within 24 hours of being taken into custody, at which time the judge determines whether there is a need for continued detention. All detention statuses (secure detention and supervised release) have a statutorily-based length of stay up to 21 days (30 days in some special circumstances).

The impacts and policy modifications due to COVID-19 should be considered when reviewing this report.

STATEWIDE DRAI & DETENTION HEARING OUTCOMES Statewide July - December 2020 DRAIs n = 11,901 57% 60% 42% 43% 40% 33% 31% 35% 32% 35% 24% 26% 23% 19% 20%

0% Release Supervised Release Secure

Predictions Actual Score Screening Placement Post Detention Hearing

* Release Range = 6 points or less, Supervised Release Range = 7-12 points, Secure Range = 13 or more

Data Highlights • The number of detention screenings (DRAIs) completed continues to decrease. Screenings are down 23.3% from the – 2020 period (15,519 screenings) and 37.2% from the July – December 2019 period (18,944 screenings). • In spite the significant reduction in screenings over the course of the 18- period, the outcomes percentage pattern has remained the same. • 22% more youth were placed into secure detention than score for this placement while 13% less youth were placed into a supervised release program than score for this category • Detention hearing adjustments reduce the variance between score and placement, but 8% more remained in secure detention placement scored for the placement.

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Screening Demographics

Race Age Black 53.7% 6390 Gender 12 or younger 3.4% 402 White 29.3% 3487 Female 24.7% 2942 13 - 16 65.2% 7755 Hispanic 16.3% 1938 Male 75.3% 8959 17 or older 31.5% 3744 Other 0.7% 86 100.0% 11901 100.0% 11901 100.0% 11901

Majority of the youth screened during this six-month period were black males between the ages of 13 and 16.

Placement Override Usage/Outcome Impact Upon completion of the scoring, the screener determines if the youth meets the criteria for any of the placement overrides. For overrides A – E, admission into secure detention is mandated, regardless of score, until a decision on appropriate continued supervision is made by the court during a detention hearing. For override F, the screener must read and follow the direction provided by the court on a court order to determine the youth’s placement.

The chart below provides an overview of the impact of these overrides on screening placement for youth who do NOT score for secure detention.

Statewide - Placement Override Usage 40.0% 34.4% 35.0% 32.4%31.8% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 1.9% 2.0% 2.9% 2.1% 2.7% 1.9% 2.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.9% 0.0% A (Out of County) B (Youth Request) C (DV) D (PJO) E (Serious Underlying) F (Court Orders)

Jul - Dec 2019 Jan - Jun 2020 Jul-Dec 2020

* DV = Domestic Violence, PJO = Prolific Juvenile Offender

Data Highlights • The use of overrides A-E continued to be statistically insignificant during the July – December 2020 period. • The use of override F (Court Orders) mandating secure detention, regardless of score, continued to significantly increase secure detention placements. • 90.8% of screenings involving a court order resulted in a secure detention placement. 9.2% of screenings involving a court order resulted in a release or supervised release outcome. • Order for missed court hearings were the most frequent type screened. Detention Risk Assessment Instrument & Supervised Release Report – July – December 2020 Page 2 of 7

The chart below depicts the frequency at which each court order type was screened. Statewide - Court Order Frequency by Type July - December 2020 n = 3,702

Failure to Appear 27.3% Abscond 24.8% Probable Cause 23.4% Out of County 9.4% Commitment Pending Placement 5.6% Violation of Supervised Release 5.0% Contempt 4.6% Undetermined 4.2% Violation of Probation 3.8% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0%

*Undetermined = Information available in the Juvenile Justice Information System (JJIS) did not provide enough detail to determine the appropriate category. **Some youth were screened for multiple order types in one screening and are therefore counted in multiple categories. ***Each of the following types yielded less than half a percent in frequency: Gun Law, Comprehensive Evaluation, Stipulation, Drug Court, Plea Agreement.

Top Three Determinable Types: Failure to Appear (FTA), Abscond, and Probable Cause Jul – Dec 2019 Jan – June 2020 Jul – Dec 2020 % Change from Jul-Dec 2019 Failure to Appear (FTA) 1659 1121 1101 Down 33.6% Abscond 1129 1071 917 Down 18.8% Probable Cause 748 774 868 Up 16%

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STATEWIDE FAILURE TO APPEAR (FTA) ANALYSIS Statewide FTA Outcomes n = 1,011 100.0% 82.8% 60.2% 43.7% 39.5% 50.0% 31.0% 16.8% 8.8% 11.1% 6.1% 0.0% Actual Score Screening Placement Detention Hearing Outcome

Release Supervised Release Secure Detention

*Release Range = 6 points or less, Supervised Release Range = 7 – 12 points, Secure Range = 13 or more

Data Highlights • 60% of youth screened for a Failure to Appear order score for release. • Although most youth did not score for secure detention, 82.8% were placed in secure detention based on the court ordered language mandating that placement.

Analysis of Screening Scoring Less Than 13 points (Secure Detention) Some of the youth screened for a Failure to Appear order have also been screened for a new offense or other court order types at the same time. The analysis below looks solely at the 718 cases that were not associated with any other placement override, court order type, or new charge(s). This means a secure detention placement would only result from court ordered language mandating that placement. None of these cases scored (13 or more points) for secure detention.

FTA Screenings (No New Charge, Score < 13) n = 718 73.7% 80.0% 68.5% 56.8% 60.0% 40.0% 31.5% 26.2% 13.8% 12.5% 17.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.0% Actual Score Screening Placement Detention Hearing Outcome

Release Supervised Release Secure Detention

*Release Range = 6 points or less, Supervised Release Range = 7 – 12 points, Secure Range = 13 or more

Data Highlights • 68.5% of youth in this category score for release, but 73.7% of these youths were placed in secure detention at screening. • 47.5% of these youths were released from secure detention at the detention hearing. • Circuits should explore the use of differential warrants to re-notice youth without the overnight stay.

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Characteristics The charts below provide a more detailed look at the characteristics of the 718 cases.

Underlying Offense Misdemeanor Felony 44.8% 55.2%

Number of Prior FTAs None One Two or More 68.5% 17.7% 13.8%

Supervision Status at Screening Diversion Intake Probation Commitment 17.3% 62.1% 19.1% 1.5%

FTA w/in 21 Days of Release No FTA w/in 21 Days FTA w/in 21 Days 94.6% 5.4%

FTA Demographics

Black 382 53.2% 12 or younger 16 2.2% White 192 26.7% Female 214 29.8% 13 - 16 387 53.9% Hispanic 133 18.5% Male 504 70.2% 17 or older 315 43.9% Other 11 1.5% 718 100.0% 718 100.0% 718 100.0%

Data Highlights • 86.2% had one or no prior FTA. Circuits should explore measures taken to ensure the missed hearing was willful. • 79.4% were not on any active supervision status. 17.3% were failed diversion cases. Circuits may want to explore the notice process for diversion youth. • 20.6% were on active supervision. Check-ins within one business day of the next hearing to remind youth and parents of upcoming hearing and work through any barriers to appearance may help reduce FTAs for these youths.

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STATEWIDE DEGREE OF COURT AGREEMENT WITH SCORE This section examines the frequency at which the detention hearing court decision aligns with the DRAI score.

Statewide - Court Placement Alignment n - 11,901 100.0% 80.7% 78.3% 77.2% 80.0% 60.0% 40.0% 14.2% 15.1% 20.0% 12.6% 6.7% 7.5% 7.7% 0.0% Court Placement - Score Match Override Up Override Down

July - Dec 2019 Jan - Jun 2020 Jul-Dec 2020

Data Highlights • The degree to which courts order score overrides to a more restrictive placement has increased by 2.5% over the last 18 . • Overrides down have increased by 1% over the same period.

Statewide - Court Modifications by Type n = 11,901 35.0% 29.1% 30.0% 25.2% 25.0% 21.7% 21.7% 22.8% 20.0% 17.0% 17.2% 14.4% 13.6% 15.0% 10.0% 7.5% 7.0% 7.6% 5.0% 0.0% Score Release - Overide Up Score Supervised Release - Score Supervised Release - Score Secure - Override Down Override Down Override Up

July - Dec 2019 Jan - Jun 2020 Jul-Dec 2020

*Release n = 3,905, Supervised Release n = 3,866, Secure n = 4,130

Data Highlights • The highest percentage of movement is in the supervised release category. 29.1% were placed in secure detention while 7.6% of youth who scored for this category were released during the July – December 2020 period. • The percentage of youth who score for secure but were placed in a less restrictive status has increased to 22.8%.

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STATEWIDE SUPERVISED RELEASE OVERVIEW The data below shows outcomes for youth placed into a supervised release program between , 2020 and , 2020.

Successful completion is defined as remaining crime free and appearing for all court hearings while actively participating in the program.

Number of Youth on Supervised Release 3,440 Percent of Successful Completions 3,134 (91.1%) Percent of Unsuccessful Completions 306 (8.9%) Reason for Unsuccessful Completion: - New charge while supervised – 7.5% of youth on SR (258) - FTA while supervised – 1.6% of youth on SR (54) *youth may be counted in both categories

Supervised Release Demographics

Black 1949 56.66% 12 or younger 79 2.30% White 972 28.26% Female 726 21.10% 13 - 16 1972 57.33% Hispanic 504 14.65% Male 2714 78.90% 17 or older 1389 40.38% Other 15 0.44% 3440 100.00% 3440 100.00% 3440 100.00%

On any given day from July to December 2020, there were about 589 youth on active supervised release. The average length of stay on supervision was 20 days.

Data Highlights • Supervised release has maintained an average rate of success at about 90%. It should be noted that this success rate was maintained in spite the move from face-to-face to video conferencing check-in as a precaution of COVID-19. • Its largest population is black males between 13 and 16 years old. • Circuits may want to consider the use of supervised release as an alternative response to failures to appear.

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