Brainerd City Council Agenda Request

Requested Meeting Date:

Title of Item: Action Requested: INFORMATION ONLY Approve/Deny Direction Requested CONSENT AGENDA Motion Discussion Item P&F COMMITTEE Adopt Hold Public Hearing* SPW COMMITTEE Resolution Ordinance 1st Reading *provide copy of published hearing notice MAIN AGENDA (attach draft) Submitted by: Department:

Presenter (Name & Title): Estimated Time Needed:

Summary of Issue:

Alternatives, Options, Effects on Others/Comments:

Recommended Action/Motion:

Financial Impact: Is there a cost associated with this request: Yes No What is the total cost, with tax and shipping $ ______Is this budgeted? Yes No Please Explain: Sudden Cardiac Arrest

• Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) is a leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for an estimated 356,000 deaths each year (SCA kills nearly 1,000 people a day or one person every two minutes).1 • Survival rates nationally for SCA are less than 11%.1 • Delivery of CPR is life-saving first aid, and can sustain life until paramedics arrive by helping to maintain vital blood flow to the heart and brain. • Only about a third of SCA victims receive bystander CPR. • Without oxygen-rich blood, permanent brain damage or death can occur in less than 8 minutes. After 10 minutes there is little chance of successful resuscitation. Even in modern urban settings the response times for professional rescuers commonly approach these time frames. • The American Heart Association estimates that effective bystander CPR, provided immediately after sudden cardiac arrest, can double or triple a person’s chance of survival. • SCA can happen to anyone at any time. Many victims appear healthy with no known heart disease or other risk factors. • In April 2008, the American Heart Association revised its recommendations and encouraged lay bystanders to use compression-only CPR as an alternative to the combined rescue breathing and chest compression method. It is believed that this change will significantly increase the willingness of bystanders to perform CPR. • In 2015, CPR guidelines issued by the American Heart Association (AHA) recommend that communities consider using mobile app technology to alert CPR responders when someone nearby suffers sudden cardiac arrest. The new guidelines cite studies that show emerging mobile technologies can result in a “higher rate of bystander-initiated CPR”. • Sudden Cardiac Arrest is not the same as a heart attack. A heart attack occurs when blood vessels in the heart get clogged, preventing blood flow to sections of heart muscle. A heart attack, however, can lead to SCA by triggering an abnormal heart rhythm. SCA may be compared to an electrical problem in the heart, in contrast to a heart attack, which is more of a plumbing problem. • Fifty-seven percent of adults in the U.S. say they have undergone training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), most often due to work or school requirements. Most say they would be willing to use CPR to help a stranger. Most say they would be willing to use an automated external defibrillator (AED). Eleven percent say they have used CPR in an actual emergency.

1 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics - 2017 Update, American Heart Association

PulsePoint Foundation PO Box 12594 Pleasanton, CA 94588-2594 www.PulsePoint.org [email protected] PulsePoint Foundation PulsePoint is a 501(c)(3) non-profit foundation based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Through the use of location-aware mobile devices PulsePoint is building applications that work with local public safety agencies to improve communications with citizens, empowering them to help reduce the millions of annual deaths from sudden cardiac arrest. Deployment of the PulsePoint app can significantly strengthen the “chain of survival” by improving bystander response to cardiac arrest victims and increasing the chance that lifesaving steps will be taken prior to the arrival of emergency medical services.

PulsePoint

• PulsePoint Respond is a mobile app that alerts CPR-trained citizens to someone nearby having a sudden cardiac arrest. • The app is activated by the local public safety communications center simultaneous with the dispatch of local fire and EMS resources. • The purpose of the app is to increase the survival rates of cardiac arrest victims by: ¶¶ Reducing collapse-to-CPR times by increasing citizen awareness of cardiac arrest events beyond a traditional “witnessed” area. ¶¶ Reducing collapse-to-defibrillation times by increasing awareness of public access defibrillator (AED) locations through real-time mapping of nearby devices. • The app is only activated if the event is occurring in a public place (the app is not typically activated for residential addresses). • In addition to the life-saving CPR/AED functionality, the app provides a virtual window into fire and EMS activity in the community, offering a unique opportunity for civic engagement. • Since the app requires a connection to the local public safety communications center, it is only available where adopted and implemented by the local Fire/EMS agency. • Learn more at www.PulsePoint.org.

911

AED

1 SCA victim in need 2 911 system sends 3 Signal received by 4 Users rush to help victim PulsePoint alert nearby PulsePoint users before professional help arrives

Position Statement

Using Mobile Technology to Increase Cardiac Arrest Survival Rates

The International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC) endorses the use of technology for a citizen response in conjunction with community bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) programs. When deployed in combination, survival from sudden cardiac arrest in both rural and metropolitan communities can be significantly improved.

Applications such as PulsePoint offer a unique way to involve the citizens in a local jurisdiction to not only become aware of when others need life or death assistance, but also provide them an avenue to render aid. This not only reflects well on the fire department but provides the community with a sense of ownership in the program.

The IAFC recognizes that implementing and sustaining PulsePoint cannot be reliant on political or philanthropic support alone; it needs a cultural change. The fire department must convince the community that sudden cardiac arrest is not just a job for emergency responders but rather a community-based issue that requires a community-based response.

When implementing a program to use technology to improve citizen response, the IAFC recommends that fire departments consider the following issues:

• Activating Citizen Responders: A citizen responder can include CPR-trained civilians or medical professionals who voluntarily participate in the program by installing PulsePoint on their smart phone. When citizen responders receive an alert through the app, they immediately can choose to initiate lifesaving treatment prior to the arrival of emergency responders. By using mobile technology, such as the PulsePoint app, the likelihood that a sudden cardiac arrest victim will receive CPR from a citizen responder greatly increases. However, it is important to recognize that, despite the fact that many cardiac arrests occur in private residences, the public-facing app is restricted to alerting only for events in public locations.

• Verified Responder Program: Many off-duty firefighters, emergency medical service providers and medical professionals are willing and able to respond to nearby cardiac arrests and other time-sensitive emergencies. These professionals have experience responding to private locations and can be vetted and granted “Verified Responder” status in PulsePoint. These “Verified Responders” can be alerted for all cardiac arrests whether they occur in public or private locations. In addition, the IAFC recommends that verified responders be alerted to other types of time-sensitive emergencies.

The value of having off-duty fire department personnel included in the system is paramount to the success of the program, because it expands the reach of early CPR response in a community. A “Verified Responder” program also aids in formalizing the “always in service” dedication of fire department personnel. The IAFC recommends that fire departments considering implementation of a “Verified Responder” program consult with labor and management prior to implementation. Fire chiefs should consider modeling other successful implementations which have addressed these concerns using best practices.

• AED Integration: To further enhance the public’s capability of deploying an AED on appropriate emergencies, communities should utilize an electronic database to track the location of all AEDs in their respective service areas. Mobile applications could be used to engage the public in reporting the location of AEDs to ensure the registry is current and comprehensive. By using the AED registry, a mobile app can alert a citizen or off-duty responder to the location of the closest AED, increasing the likelihood of getting the AED to the patient’s side. Likewise, an electronic AED registry should be linked to the jurisdiction’s communications center to direct 911 callers to the closest AED for providing lifesaving aid.

• Connecting with the Community: Mobile technology provides an opportunity for citizens to view listings of fire, rescue and medical calls being dispatched and answered in real time. The PulsePoint app allows localities to offer radio feeds that users can enable for a real-time audio feed of dispatch and responding units. Citizen use of the app to monitor calls in progress increases familiarity with the app and its operation and provides a tremendous public relations and awareness tool. A significant percentage of PulsePoint users are emergency responders and medical personnel. These users enjoy an added benefit of integration with the 911 system in real-time tracking of incidents, dispatches and units assigned. When integrated into the 911 system to provide automatic notifications of incidents, occasional delays that might occur in call-taking and dispatch can be offset by earlier notifications through technology, such as the PulsePoint app, even when such notifications are only seconds apart.

Submitted by the International Association of Fire Chiefs Adopted by IAFC Board of Directors: 9 MAY 2018

How Does the App Work? PulsePoint runs within the local ECC and delivers select dispatch system data to the PulsePoint cloud service. The service utilizes encrypted communication and secure identification with a highly reliable mutli-zone environment. The PulsePoint Respond app, cloud service and Connect product are all provided and maintained by the PulsePoint Foundation.

Does the App Raise any HHIPPA or Other Privacy Concerns? The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) protects the privacy of individually identifiable health information. On a “CPR Needed’ notification, the app reports only an address (in a public place) and a business name, if available. Individually identifiable health information, such as name, birth date or a Social Security Number are never reported or known to the PulsePoint application.

How Do You Know if People Subscribing to the CPR/AED Notification are Really Trained and Qualified? CPR today is very easy to perform and can be learned quickly in informal settings such as community street fairs, group training sessions, DVD-based courses or by watching online videos. These types of training environments do not provide certificates or other forms of skill documentation. Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) require no training to use. Therefore there is no reason or even ability to verify that someone volunteering to helps others with CPR or an AED has been formally trained.

What Does a CPR Notification Look and Sound Like? A CPR notification arrives as a normal push notification. This notification will be accompanied by a distinctive alert tone. Opening the notification will load the PulsePoint app. The screen will display the current location, the reported location of the cardiac arrest victim, and any nearby Automated External Defibrillators. To receive a CPR needed activation, you must have the CPR notification type selected in the Settings Menu and you must be in the immediate vicinity of a reported cardiac arrest. Notification radiuses vary by jurisdiction.

Is There a Risk that the App will Draw too Many Bystanders to the Emergency Medical Scene? Only about a third of Sudden Cardiac Arrest victims receive bystander CPR, and public access Automated Defibrillators (AEDs) are used less than 3% of the time when needed and available. The current situation has far too few bystander rescuers – not too many. The goal of the app is to engage additional bystanders in these lifesaving acts. If this situation was to truly materialize in the future, it will a be a major success and the radius of the notification can be reduced.

Crow Wing County PulsePoint Project

How Do You Prevent Someone from Using the CPR/AED Notification to Steal from or Otherwise take Advantage of a Cardiac Arrest Victim? For the app to be activated, someone must first call the local emergency number (such as 911) to begin a normal public safety response. This means the victim is likely not alone when the CPR/AED notifications are made. In addition, the app is only activated for incidents occurring in public places (not at someone’s home) furthering the likelihood that others will be present. Also, since the app is only activated on devices in the immediate vicinity of the victim, a “Bad Samaritan” has little opportunity to be in the notification radius.

How big is the Notification Radius for CPR/AED Events? The app aims to notify those essentially within walking distance of the event location. This distance is configurable. Higher population densities usually warrant a smaller notification radius. Likewise, a rural area may be notified over a broader area.

Can I be Sued if I Voluntarily help a Victim in Distress? The purpose of the Good Samaritan Law is to protect individuals to assist a victim during a medical emergency. Most Good Samaritan laws are created specifically for the general public. The law assumes that there is no medically trained person available to assist the victim. Since the Good Samaritan typically does not have medical training, the law protects him or her from being liable from injury or death caused to the victim during a medical emergency. A general layperson is protected under the Good Samaritan laws as long as he or she has good intentions to aid the victim to the best of his or her ability during a medical emergency.

Could the App Make a CPR/AED Notification when CPR isn’t Needed? With dispatchers making rapid over-the telephone assessments of patients based on the observations of untrained callers, an incorrect determination can be made. For example, such a situation could occur with someone who has just had a grand mal seizure, passed out from too much alcohol or has a very high blood sugar. However if you tried to do CPR on such an individual, he or she would moan or push you away. An AED will not deliver a shock to a person in any condition where an effective heartbeat is present.

How is the PulsePoint Foundation Funded? The PulsePoint Foundation is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization funded through a combination of license fees paid by adopting agencies, donations from private individuals and charitable foundations. Key sponsors includes Workday, The Wireless Foundation and El Camino Hospital.

Crow Wing County PulsePoint Project

Amount Implementation $10,000 PulsePoint Connect Read-Only CAD connection installation, configuration, testing, validation, AED registry organization, technical administration training, digital materials, project management launch Amount Annual Cost $8,000 PulsePoint Respond Tier 1, which includes an annual subscription for covered population size less than 300,000, PulsePoint Respond License, Maintenance and Support of PulsePoint Connect CAD service, Pulse Point Admin and end-users $2,500 Tier 1 Annual Subscription, which includes setup, training, support of Verified Responder registry and coordination of launch.

Launch Year $10,000 + $10,500 Year 2 $10,500 Year 3 $10,500 Total Funding for 3 Years $41,500

PULSEPOINT PROJECT DONATIONS

DONOR ORGANIZATION AMOUNT Sourcewell $ 15,000 Essentia Health Foundation $ 9,500 Cuyuna Range Medical Center $ 5,000 Initiative Foundation $ 5,000 WalMart $ 5,000 North Memorial $ 3,000 LifeLink III $ 1,000 Mid-Minnesota Federal Credit Union $ 1,000 Baxter Lions Club $ 500 Brainerd VFW Post 1647 $ 500 Cuyuna Fire Relief Association $ 500 Crosby Fire Relief Association $ 250 Brainerd Sertoma Club $ 100 Ironton American Legion Post 255 $ 100 BlackRidgeBANK $ 100 Brainerd BN Credit Union $ 50 Total Donations (16) $46,600