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Ntract Law Eform in Quebec
Vol . 60 September 1982 Septembre No . 3 NTRACT LAW EFORM IN QUEBEC P.P.C . HAANAPPEL* Montreal I. Introduction . Most of the law of contractual obligations in Quebec is contained in 1982 CanLIIDocs 22 the Civil Code of Lower Canada of 1966. 1 As is the case with the large majority of civil codes in the world, the Civil Code of Quebec was conceived, written and brought into force in a pre-industrialized environment. Its philosophy is one of individualism and economic liberalism . Much has changed in the socio-economic conditions of Quebec since 1866. The state now plays a far more active and im- portant role in socio-economic life than it did in the nineteenth century. More particularly in the field of contracts, the principle of equality of contracting parties or in.other words the principle of equal bargaining power has been severely undermined . Economic distribution chan- nels have become much longer than in 1866, which has had a pro- found influence especially on the contract of sale. Today products are rarely bought directly from their producer, but are purchased through one or more intermediaries so that there will then be no direct con- tractual link between producer (manufacturer) and user (consumer).' Furthermore, the Civil Code of 1866 is much more preoccupied with immoveables (land and buildings) than it .is with moveables (chat- tels) . Twentieth century commercial transactions, however, more often involve moveable than immoveable objects . * P.P.C. Haanappel, of the Faculty of Law, McGill University, Montreal. This article is a modified version of a paper presented by the author to ajoint session of the Commercial and Consumer Law, Contract Law and Comparative Law Sections of the 1981 Conference of the Canadian Association of Law Teachers. -
Res Extra Commercium and the Barriers Faced When Seeking the Repatriation and Return of Potent Cultural Objects
American Indian Law Journal Volume 4 Issue 2 Article 5 May 2017 Res Extra Commercium and the Barriers Faced When Seeking the Repatriation and Return of Potent Cultural Objects Sara Gwendolyn Ross Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/ailj Part of the Cultural Heritage Law Commons, Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons, and the International Law Commons Recommended Citation Ross, Sara Gwendolyn (2017) "Res Extra Commercium and the Barriers Faced When Seeking the Repatriation and Return of Potent Cultural Objects," American Indian Law Journal: Vol. 4 : Iss. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/ailj/vol4/iss2/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications and Programs at Seattle University School of Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in American Indian Law Journal by an authorized editor of Seattle University School of Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Res Extra Commercium and the Barriers Faced When Seeking the Repatriation and Return of Potent Cultural Objects Cover Page Footnote Sara Ross is a Ph.D. Candidate and Joseph-Armand Bombardier CGS Doctoral Scholar at Osgoode Hall Law School in Toronto, Canada. Sara holds five previous degrees, including a B.A. in French Language and Literature from the University of Alberta; B.A. Honours in Anthropology from McGill; both a civil law degree (B.C.L.) and common law degree (L.L.B.) from the McGill Faculty of Law; and an L.L.M, from the University of Ottawa. -
Canada Questions and Answers for NCSEA International Subcommittee
NCSEA International Sub-committee conference call presentation - notes Dec. 17, 2019 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS: CANADA 1. Can you provide any update as to when Canada is likely to ratify the 2007 Hague Convention? The following steps are still required before Canada can ratify the 2007 Convention: 1) Finalize the draft uniform act for the implementation of the 2007 Convention by interested Canadian provinces and territories; 2) Adoption of the uniform act by some provinces and territories; and 3) Finally, ratification of the Convention and extension to those provinces or territories that have adopted legislation and want the Convention to apply in their territory. 2. When the Convention comes into force, we understand that it may not necessarily apply to all provinces and territories. How will cases where a parent leaves a Convention province and goes to a non-Convention province be handled? Where a parent leaves a Convention province and goes to a non-Convention province, the file can be transferred to the non-Convention province for processing only if the requesting State has a reciprocity arrangement with the non-Convention province. If no reciprocity arrangement exists between the non-Convention province and the requesting State, then the applicant will need to obtain private counsel in Canada to assist them with their case. 3. REMO has recently had correspondence returned from the following address : Family Responsibility Office, Interjurisdictional Support Orders Unit, PO Box 600, Steeles West Post Office, Toronto, Ontario, M3J OK8, Canada-cover envelope suggests the office has moved. Can you confirm where REMO should write instead please? Ontario confirms this is the correct address. -
Short Essay on the Notion of General Interest in Article 982 of the Civil Code of Québec Or Je Puise Mais N’Épuise ∗
SHORT ESSAY ON THE NOTION OF GENERAL INTEREST IN ARTICLE 982 OF THE CIVIL CODE OF QUÉBEC OR JE PUISE MAIS N’ÉPUISE ∗ Robert P. Godin † There is a beautiful stained glass window located in the library of the National Assembly of Québec showing a young person drawing water from a stream, that has a most appropriate title referring in a very subtle way to the fact that all the knowledge and information contained in the library is easily accessible and can be drawn upon without impairing its existence: “Je puise mais n’épuise ,” a literal translation of which could be “I do not deplete the source I draw upon.” The concept expressed in this image is appropriate to the many aspects of the current discourse with respect to water resources. It also serves to better illustrate the Legislature’s intention in qualifying the import of Article 982 of the Civil Code of Québec (C.C.Q.) with the notion of general interest . ∗ Editor’s Note: Citations herein generally conform to THE BLUEBOOK : A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF CITATION (Columbia Law Review Ass’n et al. eds., 18th ed. 2005). In order to make the citations more useful for Canadian practitioners, abbreviations and certain other conventions have been adopted from the CANADIAN GUIDE TO UNIFORM LEGAL CITATION [Manuel Canadien de la Référence Juridique] (McGill Law Journal eds., 4th ed. [Revue du droit de McGill, 4e éd.] 1998). † Professor Robert P. Godin is an Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Law, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. He was appointed Senior Wainwright Fellow. This Article is the text of the author’s presentation at the Workshop on Water held at the Vermont Law School on October 24, 2009. -
The Hidden Ally: How the Canadian Supreme Court Has Advanced the Vitality of the Francophone Quebec Community
The Hidden Ally: How the Canadian Supreme Court Has Advanced the Vitality of the Francophone Québec Community DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Douglas S. Roberts, B.A., J.D., M.A. Graduate Program in French and Italian The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Professor Wynne Wong, Advisor Professor Danielle Marx-Scouras, Advisor Professor Jennifer Willging Copyright by Douglas S. Roberts 2015 Abstract Since the adoption of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982, the Canadian Supreme Court has become a much more powerful and influential player in the Canadian political and social landscape. As such, the Court has struck down certain sections of the Charter of the French Language (Bill 101) as contrary to the Constitution, 1867 and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. In Ford v. Québec, [1988] 2 S.C.R. 712, for instance, the Court found unconstitutional that portion of Bill 101 that required commercial signage to be in French only. After the decision was announced, public riots broke out in Montreal. As a result of this decision, one could conclude that the Court has, in fact, resisted Québec‘s attempts to protect and promote its own language and culture. In this dissertation, however, I argue that this perception is not justified, primarily because it fails to recognize how Canadian federalism protects diversity within the Confederation. Contrary to the initial public reaction to the Ford case, my contention is that the Court has, in fact, advanced and protected the vitality of Francophone Québec by developing three fundamental principles. -
LCV List by Title.Xlsx
AUTHOR TITLE DESCRIPTION ISSUE YEAR PG Lambousy, Greg 100 Years of Interpreting Louisiana The Louisiana State Museum celebrates its centennial Fall 2006 8 A preview of an exhibition at the Louisiana State Museum 1815 Overtures upon the bicentennial of the Battle of New Orleans in 2015 Winter 2012 48 LEH 1993 Media Catalog A Guide to LA video documentaries Winter 1992 45 LEH 1996 Media Catalog A guide to LA video documentaries Winter 1995 57 2000 - 2001 LEH Media Catalog A comprehensive annotated listing of all LEH-funded films Spring 2000 79 Contains details on how to apply for humanities project, 2002-2003 Media Catalog Newview Orleansfilms, etc. photographer Syndey Byrd is honored as the Spring 2002 80 second recipient of the Michael P. Smith Award for Byrd, Syndey 2010 Humanities Photographer of the Year: Syndey Byrd PhotoDocumentary essay of Photography Katrina-related devastation and advance Spring 2010 26 notice of a forthcoming exhibit at the Louisiana State Young, Donn 40 Days and 40 Nights Archives Spring 2008 66 A "beautiful banner" reflects the history of pre-Civil War New A Civil War-era banner purchased on eBay ultimately finds Smith, Arthur Orleans a home at the Louisiana State Museum Spring 2011 76 LEH offers educators chance for lifelong learning via Upshaw, Martha Burns A Beacon of Learning: Summer Teacher Institutes Summer Teachers Institute Fall 1998 88 Kemp, John R. A Brush Most Modern The life and work of N.O. modernist painter Paul Ninas Summer 2000 12 N.O. artist Phil Sandusky documents the ravages of Kemp, John R. -
LEH 40-Year Report
Contents 1 A Letter from the President and Chair 4 LEH Timeline 6 PrimE TimE Family reading Time 8 KnowLA – The Digital Encyclopedia of Louisiana History & Culture 10 Teacher institutes for Advanced Studies 11 Teaching American History 12 rELiC: readings in Literature and Culture 14 Louisiana Cultural Vistas magazine 16 Public Humanities Grants and Outreach Grants 18 museum on main Street 20 Documentary Film & radio Grants 22 Louisiana Publishing initiative 24 The Tennessee Williams/New Orleans Literary Festival 26 Turners’ Hall and Louisiana Humanities Center 28 Humanist of the Year 29 40 Years of Honors and recognition ii A letter from the President and Chair While Louisiana may be 49 th or 50 th on many crucial issues, when it comes to the humanities we lead the nation. For forty years, and especially the last two decades, no state humanities council has developed larger or more effective programs than the Louisiana Endowment for the Humanities. The LEH has delivered the humanities to every parish in the state, bringing the history and culture of Louisiana to schools, libraries, museums, and festivals in our great cities and our small towns. As the state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), the LEH’s mission is to provide all Louisianans with access to their own rich, shared, and diverse historical and cultural heritage. The work of the LEH responds to the ongoing needs and unique promise of our Michael Sartisky, Ph.D. state. Challenged by Mother Nature and generations of benign neglect, yet blessed with unparalleled natural resources and the resilient genius of its people, Louisiana demands perseverance and innovation. -
Identifying Cajun Identity: Cajun Assimilation and the Revitalization of Cajun Culture by Julie Elizabeth Hebert a French Speak
Identifying Cajun Identity : Cajun Assimilation and the Revitalization of Cajun Culture By Julie Elizabeth Hebert A French speaking people, the Acadians settled first in the area of Canada now known as Nova Scotia. To their settlement, they gave the name Acadie. From then on, people called them Acadians. Content in their forest home, the Acadians did not ask for much from their British and French colonial governments, nor did they wish to be bothered. A people more than happy to be neglected, the Acadians repeatedly came under siege in the wars of empire. Exiled and shipped to multiple destinations, the Acadians found a home in the swamps and bayous of South Louisiana. Here, they once again settled into a life of isolation and contentment. As the exiles adapted to life in America, they and their culture began to evolve. As the young country fought and won its independence, the Acadians established permanent settlements, settlements that remained untouched until the end of the Civil War and the dawning of the twentieth century. With the industrial revolution in full force, the Acadians battled assimilation. In the end, they stood on the brink of cultural annihilation, yet in the end they fought to reclaim their heritage. Cajun culture, a hybrid form of Acadian culture, resulted from this evolution. This is the story of the Cajuns, their assimilation, and their success in reclaiming their culture and their identity. The end of the Civil War marked the beginning of the Cajuns’ battle to resist and reclaim the culture of their ancestors, the Acadians. On April 9, 1865, the Confederate forces under General Robert E. -
A Medley of Cultures: Louisiana History at the Cabildo
A Medley of Cultures: Louisiana History at the Cabildo Chapter 1 Introduction This book is the result of research conducted for an exhibition on Louisiana history prepared by the Louisiana State Museum and presented within the walls of the historic Spanish Cabildo, constructed in the 1790s. All the words written for the exhibition script would not fit on those walls, however, so these pages augment that text. The exhibition presents a chronological and thematic view of Louisiana history from early contact between American Indians and Europeans through the era of Reconstruction. One of the main themes is the long history of ethnic and racial diversity that shaped Louisiana. Thus, the exhibition—and this book—are heavily social and economic, rather than political, in their subject matter. They incorporate the findings of the "new" social history to examine the everyday lives of "common folk" rather than concentrate solely upon the historical markers of "great white men." In this work I chose a topical, rather than a chronological, approach to Louisiana's history. Each chapter focuses on a particular subject such as recreation and leisure, disease and death, ethnicity and race, or education. In addition, individual chapters look at three major events in Louisiana history: the Battle of New Orleans, the Civil War, and Reconstruction. Organization by topic allows the reader to peruse the entire work or look in depth only at subjects of special interest. For readers interested in learning even more about a particular topic, a list of additional readings follows each chapter. Before we journey into the social and economic past of Louisiana, let us look briefly at the state's political history. -
The Music of Louisiana: Cajuns, Creoles and Zydeco
The Music of Louisiana: Cajuns, Creoles and Zydeco Carole Poindexter-Sylvers INTRODUCTION The music and cuisine of southern Louisiana experienced a renaissance during the 1980s. Zydeco musicians and recording artists made appearances on morning talk shows, Cajun and Creole restaurants began to spring up across the nation, and celebrity chefs such Paul Prudhomme served as a catalyst for the surge in interest. What was once unknown by the majority of Americans and marginalized within the non-French speaking community in Louisiana had now become a national trend. The Acadians, originally from Acadia, Nova Scotia, were expelled from Canada and gradually became known as Cajuns. These Acadians or Cajuns proudly began teaching the lingua franca in their francophone communities as Cajun French, published children‘s books in Cajun French and school curricula in Cajun French. Courses were offered at local universities in Cajun studies and Cajun professors published scholarly works about Cajuns. Essentially, the once marginalized peasants had become legitimized. Cajuns as a people, as a culture, and as a discipline were deemed worthy of academic study stimulating even more interest. The Creoles of color (referring to light-skinned, French-speaking Negroid people born in Louisiana or the French West Indies), on the other hand, were not acknowledged to the same degree as the Cajuns for their autonomy. It would probably be safe to assume that many people outside of the state of Louisiana do not know that there is a difference between Cajuns and Creoles – that they are a homogeneous ethnic or cultural group. Creoles of color and Louisiana Afro-Francophones have been lumped together with African American culture and folkways or southern folk culture. -
Louisiana's People Louisiana's People
SectionSection4 LagniappeLagniappe Louisiana’s PeoplePeople The word ethnic comes from the Greek word As you read, look for: ethnos, which means • the major ethnic groups in the state, “nation” or “people.” • the cultural contributions made by those groups, and • vocabulary terms ethnic group, Acadians, free people of color, Creoles, Anglos, lowland South, and Isleños. Figure 1 Louisiana has a great diversity of people. Their cultural backgrounds have blended into the fascinating mix that is Louisiana today. The cultural differ- Louisiana’s ences in the state come from the different ethnic backgrounds of its citizens. People, 2000 Ethnic Groups An ethnic group is a group of people who share common traditions, beliefs, and patterns of living that include language, religion, customs, and food. The Female Male people of Louisiana are much more diverse than some tourists expect to meet. 51.6% 48.4% Acadians French Canadians migrated to Louisiana in the eighteenth century. When the English gained control of the province of Acadia (now called Nova Scotia), Sex they forced the French to leave. This exile became an important episode in the Over 65 history of Louisiana. The French-speaking Acadian farmers made their way to 55-64 11.5% Under 10 the bayous and prairies, developing the region of Acadiana. In fact, the word 8.5% 14.6% 35-54 10-19 28.6% 20-34 16.0% 20.8% Age Right: Louisiana’s people are a blend of many ethnic groups. Norbert LeBlanc is a Cajun alligator hunter and fisherman. 26 Chapter 1 Louisiana’s Culture: Families and Festivals Cajun came from the French pronuncia- tion of the word Acadianne, meaning LOUISIANA MISSISSIPPI AVOYELLES “people of Acadia.” N On the map, twenty-two parishes TEXAS EVANGELINE ST. -
Civil Liability in a Mixed Jurisdiction: Quebec and the Network of Ratio Communis
THE TULANE EUROPEAN AND CIVIL LAW FORUM VOLUME 28 2013 Civil Liability in a Mixed Jurisdiction: Quebec and the Network of Ratio Communis Ádám Fuglinszky* I. RATIO COMMUNIS, COMPARATIVE LAW AND MIXED LEGAL SYSTEMS ............................................................................................... 2 A. Comparative Law and the ‘Better Law’ ............................... 2 B. Mixed Legal Systems and the ‘Better Law’, Identifying Rationes Communes .......................................... 4 C. Impediments to the Research: Historical (Distorting) and Coincidental Factors ................................ 10 D. Structure of the Research—Five Groups ............................ 12 II. INFLUENCE TOWARDS RATIO COMMUNIS ......................................... 13 A. Common Law Impacts on Quebec Law ............................. 13 1. Liability ............................................................................. 13 a. Defamation ............................................................... 13 b. The Liability of Managing Directors and Officers ..................................................................... 15 c. Culpability and Fault ................................................ 17 2. Damages as the Legal Consequence of Liability ............ 19 a. Non-Pecuniary Damages ......................................... 19 b. Punitive Damages .................................................... 23 3. Quebec Law Impacts on Common Law .......................... 27 a. Misfeasance in Public Office, Roncarelli and Its Impacts................................................................