LSE Segment1 Stage1archaeol
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April 5, 2017 Draft Disclaimer This document is a draft and is provided for information only. The information contained herein is subject to change during the Transit Project Assessment Process. The final version of this document will be available following the Notice of Completion. Environment Metrolinx Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) City of Toronto, Ontario Licensee: Charlton Carscallen License: P088 PIF Number: P088-0090-2016 Prepared by: AECOM 4th Floor, 30 Leek Crescent 905 780 5964 tel Richmond Hill, Ontario, L4B 4N4 905 780 8693 fax www.aecom.com DRAFT Project Number: 60315654 Date: June 3, 2016 REVISED REPORT AECOM Metrolinx Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion – Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Distribution List Hard Copy # PDF Association / Company Name 0 yes Metrolinx 0 yes Ontario Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport 0 yes AECOM Revision Log Revision Revised By Date Issue / Revision Description # 1 MW May 13, 2016 MTCS revisions AECOM Signatures Report Prepared By: Melissa Wallace, MA Archaeological Field Director Report Reviewed By: DRAFT Glenn Kearsley, MA Project Administrator AECOM Metrolinx Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion – Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Executive Summary This Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment (AA) was completed on behalf of Metrolinx for the Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion - Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Project as part of the Transit Project Assessment Process. The study area (Figure 1) extends from east of Cherry Street northeast to Midland Avenue, in the City of Toronto. A total of 178.8 hectares were assessed. The purpose of this project is to improve GO Transit’s service in the Lakeshore East Corridor in order to improve mobility through the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA). This Stage 1 AA documents the geographic, archaeological and land use history of the Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion - Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Project study area in order to assess its potential to contain archaeological resources. An optional property inspection was not conducted due to the presence of snow cover preventing the sufficient visibility of land features, as per Section 1.2, Standard 2 of the Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (2011: 15-16). Instead, documentary sources, historic maps, detailed mapping and satellite imagery were analyzed in order to evaluate the archaeological potential found within the study area. The results of the Stage 1 AA indicate that, while the majority of the lands within the study area appear to have been disturbed by past development, there are portions which still retain archaeological potential. This is based on the presence of historic homesteads, the proximity of historic roads and railway, other archaeological sites and certain physiographic features in proximity the study area. For lands within the study area that contain archaeological potential and will be impacted by the proposed Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion - Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Project, AECOM makes the following recommendations: 1) A Stage 2 AA should be conducted by a licensed consultant archaeologist using the test pit survey method at 5 m intervals in areas of archaeological potential marked in green in Section 6: Figures 8-14. 2) Due to the potential for deeply buried intact archaeological resources on floodplains and beneath land alterations, Stage 2 AA will be required, following Section 2.1.7, Standard 2 of the Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists in areas marked in purple in Section 6: Figures 8-14 (MTCS 2011). Should test pitting by hand not reach subsoil (i.e. the area is found to have potential but it may be deeply buried), the survey methodology outlined in Section 2.1.7, Standard 3 or Guideline 2 for survey in deeply buried conditions must be adhered to. 3) Areas that are marked in red hatched lines in Section 6: Figures 8-14 are disturbed. These areas require no further archaeological assessment. 4) The Stage 2 AA will follow the requirements set out in the 2011 Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (MTCS 2011). DRAFT iii AECOM Metrolinx Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion – Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Project Personnel Project Manager Charlton Carscallen, M.A. [P088] Project Administrator Glenn Kearsley, M.A. [P123] Report Production Melissa Wallace, M.A. [R496] Senior Review Glenn Kearsley GIS Analyst Michael Collins, B.Sc. Acknowledgements Proponent Contact Metrolinx Approval Authority Metrolinx DRAFT iv AECOM Metrolinx Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion – Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Table of Contents Distribution List Executive Summary Project Personnel page 1. Project Context ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Development Context .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Objectives ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Historical Context ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2.1 Pre-Contact Aboriginal Settlement ......................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 Euro-Canadian Settlement ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Archaeological Context ........................................................................................................................ 7 1.3.1 Natural Environment ............................................................................................................... 7 1.3.2 Known Archaeological Sites and Surveys .............................................................................. 8 1.3.3 Existing Conditions ............................................................................................................... 10 1.3.4 Determining Archaeological Potential ................................................................................... 10 2. Analysis and Conclusions ......................................................................................................... 12 3. Recommendations ..................................................................................................................... 12 4. Advice on Compliance with Legislation ................................................................................... 13 5. Bibliography and Sources ......................................................................................................... 14 6. Figures ........................................................................................................................................ 15 List of Figures Figure 1: Location of the Lakeshore East Rail Corridor - Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Study Area ................................................................................................................................................ 16 Figure 2: Location of the Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion - Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Study Area ........................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 3: Location of the Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion - Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Study Area in relation to the 1860 Tremaine Map of the Townships of York and Scarboro ................................................................................................................................................... 18 Figure 4: Location of the Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion - Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Study Area in relation to the 1878 Historic Atlas Maps of the Townships of York and Scarboro ............................................................................................................................................ 19 Figure 5: Western Terminus of the Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion in Relation to Goads 1884 Fire Insurance Map. .........................................................................................................................................DRAFT 20 Figure 6: Western Terminus of the Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion in Relation to Goads 1890 Fire Insurance Map .......................................................................................................................................... 21 Figure 7: Segment of the c. 1892 Toronto Railway Company Map Showing Street Railway Lines, including what is the current Lakeshore East Rail Corridor (Toronto Public Library TRL, 970-16) ........................ 22 Figure 8: Results of the Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment of the Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion - Don River to Scarborough GO Station (Segment 1) Including the 50m Study Area Buffer .................. 23 v AECOM Metrolinx Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment Lakeshore East Rail Corridor Expansion – Don River to Scarborough GO