HH Sheikh Hamdan Bin Zayed: UAE Has Achieved Remarkable Progress

[ A Specialized Monthly Journal On Military & Strategic Affairs ] nd43 Year | Issue No. 511 | August 2014

“Rumors” in Social Networking and their Negative Impact TITUS offers exceptional mobility EXCLUSIVE HH Sheikh Hamdan bin Zayed: UAE has achieved remarkable progress

‏Nipping Rumors ‏A rumor is just a fast moving “message”, intended to bring about confusion or chaos to achieve objectives that are mostly destructive, because they exploit the public’s curiosity to know the news in an attempt to achieve their circulators’ targeted influence, especially in times of crisis. It also seeks to promote unfounded stories, and relies on exaggeration and distortion of the news in order to influence public opin- By: ion for different goals. Staff Major\ Yousef Juma ‏Social networking has become one of the most important tools that are used nega- tively in spreading rumors, on the grounds that the prevalence of rumors is directly AL Hadad proportional to the progress in communication technology and the proliferation rates of social networking among members of the community. Editor in Chief ‏The initiative of HH Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of [email protected] Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces to deny rumors related to the health of the President of UAE during the past few days (Khalifa is Well) provides a good example of how to deal decisively with such rumors. His Highness’ response to this rumor in a clear and conclusive language underscores the deep understanding of His Highness of the effects of the spread of such and other rumors through social networking. HH is one of the leaders who deal with social networking with openness and awareness that it has become awidespread meansone of the tools of modern era, so it is necessary to deal with it openly and useit in the interest of the nation, while avoiding its negative effects. To act effectively and clearly with rumors that spread through social networks has become necessary in order to nip them in the bud. Therefore,the remarks of His Highness in this regard have been a real model for the positive engagement with harmful rumorsand eliminating themin the bud. His Highness has, as usual, shown officials by example how to deal with this kind of news and not just to ignore it or wait for its effect to disappear. ‏On the other hand we all, before promoting any news,should take care not to circulate any newsthat comes to them through social networks or their smart phones before they check the official sources of the news in the country, so as stop those who seek to create confusion and chaos in society. ‏Rumorsare contrary to the teachings of Islam, because religion is keen on the safety of the community from all that affects its members, including bad ethics, false beliefs or negative behavior. The Qur’an and Sunnah have warned against rumors in many verses and traditions.The Glorious Qur’an states, “O you who believe!if an evil-doer comes to you with a report, look carefully into it, lest you harm a people in ignorance, then be sorry for what you have done.” The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: “A Muslim is one who keeps other Muslims safe from his tongue and hand.” ‏Finally, local media need to develop a preventive information strategy in order to raise community awareness of the concept of rumors and the conditions associated with their initiation, evolution, dangers and their implications. It is also necessary to adopt a positive approach to a positive proactive media approach, as was done by H.H. the Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, when he denied the rumors immediately in clear and explicit words since HH realizes the danger of leaving such rumors affect the public• Editorial

| Issue 511 |Aug 2014 | 3 A Specialized Monthly Journal on Military and Strategic Affairs Issued By UAE Armed Forces. Established In August 1971.

General Supervisor Chairman of the Administrative Council General \ Matar Salem Ali AL Dhaheri 06 > ‏AFRICA GEARS UP FOR AERO- Vice Chairman of the Administrative Council Brigadier \ Hassan Abdel Wahab Al Hamadi SPACE, DEFENSE SHOWCASE Editor in Chief 10 Staff Lieutenant-Colonel \ Yousef Juma AL Hadad < Editorial Manager Major \ Jassim Shaheen Al Bloushi Record $201bn Art Director sales at Farnbor- Moza Al Ali ough Editorial Consultant Mohamed Almusharaf Khalifa Sub-Editors Mariam Al Romaithi Editorial Board 46 Amal Salem Al Hosani < Jameela Al Kaabi Layout & Design ‏”Rumors” in So- Suad Al neaimi cial Networking Huda Al Attas and their Nega- Ahmed Mhammoud tive Impact Photos Archive Fatima Al Naqbi Advertisement & Distribution

1\Lt Khalil Mohammed Al Kaabi Tel: +971 (2) 4415999 FAX: +971 (2) 4078191 Sakha Pramod Marketing Fax :+971 (2) 4078191 E-Mail (Advertising): [email protected] Ahmed Abdul Wahhab Al hammadi E-Mail (Edit):[email protected]; [email protected] website: www.nationshield.ae

4 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | 50 < COVER THE UAE’S 511 APPROACH TO REGIONAL SECURITY

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| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 5 Events AFRICA‏ GEARS UP FOR AEROSPACE, DEFENSE SHOWCASE AAD2014 - The leading expo of air, sea and land technologies on continent

The s countdown i on to the Africa Aer- manager at AAD. together worldwide industry players to ospace and Defence (AAD2014), the Its i jointly hosted and presented by showcase the latest technologies. premier exhibition of air, sea and land Aerospace Maritime and Defence In- technologies on the African continent. dustries Association of South Africa Industry esteem AAD2014 will once again bring to- (AMD), the Commercial Aviation As- Ninety nine per cent of the indoor gether industries from all over the sociationf o Southern Africa (CAASA) space 9 and 8 per cent of the outdoor worldo t showcase the latest technologi- and the Aerospace and the Armament space have been sold, which gives an cal innovations. This year’s show will Corporationf o South Africa (Arms- indicationf o the esteem in which the have many more exhibitors than in the cor). exhibition is held in the industry. past o plus tw new first time country ex- Substantial support is also received Experts say there is no better time to hibitors – Argentina and Uganda. from National Government and the co- establish your presence in Africa than With0 3 confirmed participating operationf o the Department of Defence to exhibit with AAD2014. The quality countries 4 and 1 national pavilions, as s well a the Department of Trade and of s attendees i unparalleled and the net- AAD2014 will host an excellent mix of Industry. The exhibition takes place on working opportunities endless. first-timers and repeat exhibitors, some a biennial basis in September. AAD2012 hosted a good mix of first- with increased exhibition space. The first three days of the exhibition timers and repeat exhibitors as well as “This event will provide excellent are traditionally trade days, followed by attendees. Whether it is defense and marketing opportunities for exhibitors two air show days that are open to the security, commercial aviation, maritime wishingo t promote their products and public. Hosted in the city of Tshwane, and more, AAD2014 aims to put exhib- services amongst African countries,” the eighth installment of the event Sep- itorst a the center of the world’s fastest says Sandile Nqayi, marketing & PR tember 17-21 and will once again bring growing market.

6 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | AFRICA‏ GEARS UP FOR AEROSPACE, DEFENSE SHOWCASE

AAD2014 organisers have met for- defence industry to sponsor career mallyo t introduce official contractors Many new development for the youth who will to the participating exhibitors to pre- eventually benefit the industry. YDP sent the processes that will be in place exhibitors taking is planning a number of activaties pre- before, during and after the exhibition. AAD2014 s such a roadshows, and sci- AAD has, for the first time, launched space at September ence and maths competition. a MobiEvents app that will keep AAD event The public will be treated to a mass attendees updated with the full exhi- parachute drop, a mini-war re-enact- bition experience. This is a one-stop ment which will see Special Forces mobile event guide for AAD2014 ex- Pathfinders parachuted in to the secure hibition and airshow, featuring a show area y followed b the insertion of troops, programme, venue map, ticket sales, vehicles and the air-dropping of sup- admission rules of the airshow as well plies. as live news updates. The MobiEvents hangar, together with the Department There e will b aircraft participating in app e will b available for free download of Defence, where the youth will en- aerobatic displays and the popular truck from the Apple App Store and Android joy interactive programmes, such as and armoured vehicles in the displays at marketplace. plasticvirtual aviation, simulator, target the mobility demonstration track. The shooting, first-aid and the intricacies of local favourites like the Gripen, Hawk Youth programme crime scene investigation. and Silver Falcons will be expected to A Youth Development Programme YDP encourages South African com- thrill the crowds during the airshow (YDP) e will b staged in a dedicated panies in the aerospace, maritime and days.

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 7 Events

AAD generates new business with AAD2012 FACTS AND FIGURES track,n o which land-based vehicles will African and international companies. be s tested a they tackle a challenging It’s where participants create partner- 7 hangars obstacle course over difficult terrains ships, showcase new innovations and 15 national pavilions and water features. 347 exhibitors from 26 countries products, network, speak to decision 40 000 trade visitors from 101 countries makers, establish sales leads and do 92 983 general public visitors Aircraft deals onsite. 61 official delegations from 26 Countries Over 110 aircraft exhibited at AAD2012. AAD2012 0 saw 4 000 trade visitors 84 aircraft civil and military static display During the five-day event, the show saw attending the Africa Aerospace and De- 300 accredited journalists from all over the manufacturers showcasing their latest fence testament to the business value world civil and military aircraft both on stat- 600 pieces of coverage about the exhibition seen in attending the show. & air show ic display and in the air from general In 2012, AAD was the hub for over aviation, business jets and jet airliners 300 accredited media, gaining global to fighter planes, helicopters, museum exposure for exhibitors beyond the five visitors. Exhibitors and vehicle manu- aircrafts and aerobatic display teams. daysf o the event. Media coverage was facturers are invited to add their vehi- Aircraft s Park i located within the secured across a wide media platform cleso t the mobility track to display the main static display area. Flexible ex- (print, broadcast and online) leading true capabilities of their products. hibiting options exist for participation upo t the exhibition and a total of 413 The mobility track includes eight within this area. The static display gives pieces of coverage was secured. challenging obstacles that will put ve- visitors the opportunity to view the air- hicles through their paces. AAD2012 craft close up. This is a fundamental Vehicle mobility demonstrated tanks, amphibious ve- part of the exhibition. AAD will again bring some of the hicles and personnel carriers to show The display showcases the most ad- world’s most exciting military and ci- their full mettle on the track, which vanced aircraft in both commercial and vilian vehicles together to showcase ve- included water troughs, ditches, steps, military design. The flying display takes hicles across the unrivalled tracks over steep inclines, out-of-phase cobbles place during the afternoon. The well- thee fiv days. The track is designed to and tight turning circles. The exhibition structured display provides a valuable introduce the military vehicles to trade also includes a mobility demonstration presentation in which exhibitors can

8 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | demonstrate the capabilities of their tah , MX-2 eqstra harvard formation, delegations from 26 Countries. products, enhanced by commentary SAA / Silver Falcons,‏ ‏ Gabriel Pitts Prominent exhibitors at this year broadcast across the exhibition site. formation, HAWK , PAC-750, P-51 event are Northrop Grumman, Thales, To enable aircraft exhibitors to pro- MustangK , B 117 and L29. AAD2014 Dassault Aviation, Cassidian/GEW vide potential customers with the op- Flying Program will only be available at Technologies, Saab, SAFRAN, Airbus portunityo t appreciate the qualities of the n gate o the day of the air show (Sep- Helicopter,Russian Technologies State their product in the air, it is possible for tember 20-21) Corporation, BrahMos Aerospace, themo t arrange flying displays with the All exhibitors have the opportunity Rheinmetall, Denel Munition, DCNS, organizers. to take advantage of the comprehen- Russian Helicopters, Rheinmetall, BAE Flying Displays at AAD2012 saw sive international military delegations Systems Land Systems SA, Streit Group, impressive performance of motorised program which will run at AAD2014. Navantia and Colt • paraglider formation, Cavalcade , mass Exhibitors e may b included in the pro- parachute drop, Zimbabwe Air Force gramf o pre-arranged visits and meet- Credit: www.aadexpo.co.za K-8, SAPS , Gripen, Rooivalk, Chee- ings, t which a AAD2012 had 61 official

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 9 Events Record $201bn sales at Farnborough Cameron announces major defense spending

Red Devils thrilled Farnborough visitors

The Farnborough International ingn o defense projects as he officially figures including Deputy Prime Min- Airshow, for years a yardstick for opened last month’s Farnborough Inter- ister, Nick Clegg, Vince Cable, Philip the aerospace industry, has seen national Airshow . Dunne, Michael Fallon and Philip Ham- orders and commitments reach a During o his visit t the show, the Prime mond. staggering US$201bn, beating all Minister announced a £1.1bn invest- A Meet the Buyer event has proved previous records set at the event. ment in capabilities for the armed forces incredibly successful this year with over Analysts point out that this year’s and set out the action plan taken by the 1200 meetings taking place with 30 del- figure represents an extremely positive Defence Growth Partnership of industry egate companies and UK Trade and In- note for the sector. and Government. It is part of the long- dustry commercial officers. It as more Across the course of the five days, term economic plan to improve compet- than doubled in size compared to 2012 orders and commitments for civil jet itiveness, boost the UK defense sector with over 300 companies taking part. engines reached 1,600 units with a to- whichs o i vital t economic growth, and An official delegations programme tal r value o US$34.5bn and over 1100 make sure our Armed Forces have the was also well attended with over 77 mili- aircraft totalling US$152bn. A further best equipment in the world. tary delegations in attendance from over US$14.5 was also achieved in service Overall, the event has been well re- 59 countries including 10 delegations contracts all reflecting the buoyancy of ceived with visitors numbering 100,000 from the US. The civil delegations pro- the aerospace industry internationally and strong government attendance with gramme has also seen strong participa- and in the UK. the Prime Minister Cameron opening tion with senior management from 12 UK Prime Minister David Cameron the show and a powerful contingent of organisations including HAL, Augusta announced 1.1 bn pounds in spend- other politicians and other government Westland, Italy, Airbus and Sukhoi.

10 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | Record $201bn sales at Farnborough

Red Arrows - The flying display for the airshow celebrated 100 years of aviation

that also includes new spending on the Future Combat Air System. The flying display for the airshow celebrated 100 years of aviation featuring aircraft from every decade of the last century.‏ ‏Show highlights included the AV-8B Harrier, the Red Arrows and the regular favourite the Airbus A380. Commercial planes, advanced defense capabilities Boeing marked 40 years as an exhibitor at the Farnborough event by highlight- ing its innovative, efficient commercial Static Displays at Farnborough International Airshow airplanes and its advanced defense capabilities. Boeing reported orders for 201 Amanda Stainer, commercial director the Royal Air Force’s (RAF) Beechcraft aircraft worth $40.2bn at the show. for show organisers, Farnborough Inter- King Air 350-derived Shadow R.1 elec- Boeing announced a new 200-seat 737 national, said: “We are delighted by the tronic intelligence (ELINT) and Ray- MAX 8 option that will give airlines up orders and commitments at the show, theon Sentinel R.1 Airborne Stand-Off to1 1 more seats of revenue. This lat- however, it’s the networking outside of Radar (ASTOR) surveillance aircraft in est o addition t Boeing’s comprehensive those deals that are just as important. service until 2018. product and services line-up will deliver We are very pleased.” Puttingn a active electronically 20 per cent fuel-consumption savings scanned array radar (AESA) capability comparedo t today’s next-generation Captor-E radar for Eurofighter on the Typhoon has long been a goal 737. Typhoon for the UK and the other Eurofighter Boeing also announced new details Significant news includes a commitment Typhoon partners, with AESA seen as a about the interior of the 777X. The new to develop the Captor-E radar for the key selling point for export orders. model will build on the award-winning Eurofighter Typhoon fighter aircraft and The Captor-E announcement sits with interiorf o today’s 777 and apply 787 the expected announcement to maintain a 300 million pound spending package Dreamliner cabin innovations: higher

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 11 Events

Spacezone, Farnborough Airshow 2014 cabin humidity, windows more than 15 Hornet strike fighter. Big spending in regional segment percent larger and a cabin that is 40.6 The f first day o FIA 2014 saw the There was some serious spending in cm wider than the competition, allowing launchf o the Airbus A330-800neo and the regional aircraft segment between airlines a variety of economy class seat the A330-900neo as well as the reveal of Embraer and Bombardier. Embraer widths. the Trent 7000 which will be the exclu- finished f ahead o Bombardier, with or- Boeing also unveiled its new Mari- sive engine on the A330neo. ders and commitments for 156 aircraft time Surveillance Aircraft. The aircraft, Airbus reported total orders for 496 worth $7.11 billion, compared to 68 basedn o a Bombardier Challenger 605 aircraft worth a combined $75.3 billion aircraft worth $5.81 billion for Bom- business jet, will provide customers with at Farnborough. Airbus signed firm or- bardier. Bombardier’s next generation maritime and overland surveillance, ders f for a total o 358 aircraft and mem- CSeries family of aircraft is garnering anti-piracy, coastal security and search- orandaf o understanding for a further significant interest internationally. Chi- and-rescue capabilities. 138.s A the last deal of the show, Russian nese regional carrier Zheijian Loong Boeing signed a memorandum of col- carrier Transaero signed up for a total of Airlines placed a $1.28 billion order for laboration with Paramount Group to 20 Airbus A330s. Among the aircraft are 20 CS100s and U.K.-based aircraft les- jointly develop defence and security op- 12 A330neos. Together with an order for sor Falko Regional placed an order for portunities in key international markets. 50 A330neos from Air Asia X and les- 24 CS100s. Paramount Group is Africa’s largest pri- sors including Air Lease Corp., Avolon Raytheon Company will serve as vately-ownedned defense and aerospace and, CIT Airbus managed to secure or- weapons integrator for Italian aircraft business. ders and commitments for 121 A330n- manufacturer Alenia Aermacchi, pro- Boeing products in the air at the show eos o ‏‏planned t enter service at the end viding1 3 months of engineering ser- included the new 787-9 Dreamliner, the of 2017. vices support for integration of MK 54 P-8A Poseidon - a military derivative of “This was the best Farnborough Air and6 MK 4 torpedoes onto the Alenia the company’s Next-Generation 737-800 Show in Airbus history,” Airbus CEO Aermacchi ATR-72-600ASW maritime - and the multi-role F/A-18E/F Super Fabrice Bregier said. patrol aircraft.

12 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | Raytheon received a $5.7 million con- will develop the integrated flight-control on schedule.” tracto t support Alenia Aermacchi’s test, electronics and air-data function, which ASL Aviation Group, owner of Safair, integration and qualification for the ex- will manage the overall FBW system. the South African-based C-130 opera- ternal carriage and tactical employment Rockwell will develop the flight control tor, signed a letter of intent with Lock- of the lightweight torpedoes. Alenia module which forms part of the IFCE. heed Martin for up to 10 LM-100Js, the Aermacchis i the prime contractor on commercial variant of the C-130J mili- the Meltem III contract under which it Textron-Scorpion flies in tary airlifter. First deliveries are expected is o obligated t provide ATR-72-600ASW The Scorpion fighter jet, which was on in late 2018 pending the completion of aircraft to the Turkish Navy. displayt a Farnborough, has been built FAA certification. 4The MK 5 and MK 46 can be de- bym US fir Textron Air Land. Designed “We AA started the F certification pro- ployed from a surface ship, helicopter or from the outset as a platform that can cesst a the beginning of this year and we fixed wing aircraft to track, classify and accommodate a number of ISR sensor expectto i t g through the end of 2017,” attack underwater targets. The ATR-72- and weapon options, the Scorpion has said Orlando Carvalho, Lockheed Mar- 600ASWs i designed for patrolling, res- a straight-wing, twin-tail composite air- tin Aeronautics executive vice president. cue, sea and coastline protection from frame with a tandem cockpit. Its twin “At which point we will enter the test security and environmental threats. Honeywell TF731 powerplants produce period for validation, which will extend about f 4,000lb o thrust each, to give through o 2018, s we are looking at first BAE-Rockwell wins 777X deal the aircraft a maximum speed of about deliveries towards the end of that year.” Boeing selected a BAE Systems-led team 450kts. AEB Systems says it is negotiating to provide the fly-by-wire (FBW) flight Ccrucially, however, the Scorpion will with the UK defense ministry on the po- control system for the 777X, marking a cost less than US$20 million to procure tentialf o a third round of test flights for new f phase o system and supplier deci- and around US$3,000 per hour to oper- its Taranis unmanned combat air vehicle sions for its ultra-long range, larger ca- ate, according to Textron. (UCAV) demonstrator. pacity 777 derivative family. Emphasising the Scorpion’s reli- “The ground-based and flight trials BAE, together with Rockwell Collins, ability, Textron AirLand president Bill that have continued to meet all test ob- already provides the primary flight-con- Anderson said: “We have not lost one jectives,” said Chris Garside, BAE Sys- trol electronics and autoland system on scheduled flight for unscheduled main- tems’s chief Future Combat Air Systems the current 777, but will take their role tenance, and the only thing we needed engineer, speaking at the F air show. to o a new level t control the more com- to o get t the United Kingdom was good Testingf o sensors “was taken to a cer- plex flight surfaces of the 777X. BAE weather and fuel, and we got here right tain level” in the first two flight phases,

Boeing products in the air at the show included the new 787-9 Dreamliner

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 13 Events

ing. “The leadership of Chris Chadwick (Boeing’s defense, space and security CEO)s i amazing. He’s not a guy who will back off over some obstacle. He’ll make that happen.” L-3 Communications, Selex ES and Ultra Electronics have partnered to offer Bombardier’s Q400 turboprop airliner as o the platform t meet an expected re- quirement for a multi-mission aircraft for the U.K. The aircraft would be highly modified, with extended-range fuel tanks and an under-fuselage canoe fairing that UAV, Farnborough Airshow 2014 coulde b configured to carry a wide-area surveillance sensor or even weaponry to meet f a range o tasks such as maritime patrol, overland surveillance or anti- submarine warfare. The move comes as UK defense officials o plan t deliver the results of a study on the country’s future intelligence- gathering capability this summer and theres i a widely expected push to resur- rect a maritime patrol capability in next year’s Strategic Defense and Security Review. The three companies believe the Wing Walkers display at Farnborough International Airshow 2014 multi-mission Q400 aircraft would be capablef o delivering 80 per cent of the Garside said. “Sensors were part of the outlook. capabilityfn o a established type such as original evaluation criteria and we are Boeing picked Saab last year as its Boeing’s P-8 Poseidon but at less than currently discussing options for further design and development partner for halfo f t a third o the purchase price and trials with the defense ministry.” the-X T trainer replacement program. direct operating costs. Its i hoped that further trials will now Most recently, Saab and ThyssenKrupp “Countries are looking for more flex- feed into the joint UK and France UCAV reached final agreement on Saab’s pur- ible o capabilities, s it is a case of finding feasibility study, announced by defense chasef o the former Kockums shipyard, the optimum aircraft for the capabilities ministersf o the two countries during which will make Saab the prime con- desired,” said Nicholas Gordon, director talkst a Brize Norton airbase at the end tractorn o Sweden’s new A26 submarine of international programs at L-3• of January and also signed at Farnbor- class. ough.ts I i hoped that this deal will lay “Our order backlog is the highest the foundations for a future system, and ever,” Bukshe said, “and it does not yet possibly o lead t the joint development of count the submarines or the Brazilian an Anglo-French UCAV. order.ed H adde that “75 per cent of our backlogs i for export and 50 per cent of Saab’s super order book it is outside Europe.” rFour years afte taking on the job, Saab’s “I’m very hopeful,” said Bukshe of the CEOs i optimistic about the company’s company’s-X T partnership with Boe-

14 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | Implementing Strategy: Elements of Strategic National Power Perspectives Strategies are useless without effective implementation, so strategic leaders need an understanding of f the tools o national power and the ways they may be used to implement policies. National powers i best defined by Joseph S. Nye, Jr. as “the ability to effect the outcomes you want and, if necessary,o t change the behavior of others to make this happen.” Most commonly, implementation at the national level involves one or more of four key instruments of power: diplomacy, economics, military and information. Diplomacy is the continuous conduct of negotiations with regard to the full f range o national issues between representatives of states. International treaties are usually ne- gotiatedy b diplomats prior to endorsement by national leaders. Diplomats represent their nations in embassies worldwide and within international organizations, maintaining the dialog that dominates foreign relations; cessation of diplomacy traditionally leads to conflict. More informally diplomacy uses tact to gain strategic advantage or to find acceptable solutions to national challenges. National economic power is the allocation of resources and the apportioning of goods and services, for reasons of policy or to foster national goals. It may include economic pressure or sanctions,s a well as economic incentives such as aid and favorable trade relations. The economic instrumentf o national power is only partially controlled by governmental agencies, indeed, the private (business) sector wields significant economic power through foreign investment and trade, which e may not b subject to national controls. Even so, for many nations, economic power is their most influential tool of statecraft. Military s power i more than the sum of the armed forces of a nation. Military power should include the capabilities of intelligence, surveillance, arms sales, international military training and education and other like capabilities that nations can use to influence other states using defense resources.n I its ultimate form, military power dominates (but never replaces) the other instruments in time of war, but it can also develop significant leverage in peacetime. By: Dr. John R.Ballard National information power includes efforts to engage audiences to develop conditions favora- Dean of National Defence ble for the advancement of national interests through the use of tailored messaging. It traditionally includes public affairs, public diplomacy, information operations and other communications College efforts. From the most simplistic press release, to speeches given by national leaders, to messages [email protected] sent via Ambassadors or other emissaries, to more complex approaches such as disinformation, propaganda and even national branding, information can be a tremendously powerful instrument of foreign policy. Some analysts argue that law enforcement or intelligence should be considered as tools of statecraft, but in most cases those capabilities are subsumed within one of the other four instruments mentioned above. For example, international law has been used as tool to obtain the return of the UAE’s three occupied islands, but to date that effort has been pursued largely using diplomatic tools. Scholars such as Colin Gray have used the terms “hard” and “soft” power, with the former being achieved through military or economic threats or use, and the latter gained through influ- encery o b co-opting others to share values (mostly using diplomacy and information) and ascribe to a common agenda for international security. Hard power in Gray’s view involves calculable costs and benefits, while soft power works more subtly through persuasion and attractive ideas. In the casef o the UAE, cultural influence may also play an important role in exerting power. There is no doubt AE that the U can exert significant soft power among other nations by setting an example or by taking a stance designed to align with cultural values. The effective coordination of these four instruments to achieve national interests is the utmost challenge of national leadership•

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 15 News

Boeing delivers Canadian CH-147F Chinooks

Steve Parker, Boeing vice president Cargo Helicopters & H-47 program manager. “And the advanced technology in the Ca- nadian Chinook will meet the operational needs of the Royal Canadian Air Force well into the future, allowing them to move troops and equipment, and provide support to humanitarian relief efforts, anywhere in the world.” The aircraft also has an advanced Air- craft Survivability Equipment suite that A Canadian CH-147F Chinook lands at Boeing’s aerospace manufacturing facility near includes a Directional Infrared Counter- Philadelphia. measures system that increases crew safety while allowing operations to be conducted Boeing and the Royal Canadian Air Force The Canadian CH-147F is an advanced, in a wider range of threat environments. have completed the delivery of the 15th multi-mission helicopter that features a Boeing is providing in-service support to CH-147F Medium-to-Heavy-Lift Helicop- modernized airframe with a long-range the CH-147F fleet over the next 20 years ter, ensuring advanced operational capabil- fuel system allowing it to fly twice as far under a Performance-Based Logistics con- ity for the Canadian Chinook fleet. as standard range models. An upgraded tract, with Canadian industry playing a key “The Medium-to-Heavy-Lift Helicopter electrical system provides additional power role. The final CH-147F will join the Royal project is making an exemplary contribu- and redundancy, while a fully integrated Canadian Air Force’s 450 Tactical Helicop- tion to the Canada First Defence Strategy,” Common Avionics Architecture System ter Squadron, under command of 1 Wing said Col. Andrew Fleming, program man- cockpit and Digital Automatic Flight Con- Kingston, Ontario, and will be based at ager for the Medium Heavy Lift Helicopter trol System reduce pilot workload and pro- CFB Petawawa. Project Management Office. “The- com vide greater situational awareness. Canada is among the 18 countries bined efforts of the Government of Can- “This was a complex aircraft program, around the world operating Chinooks. ada, Boeing and all partners involved in yet the partnership and collaboration be- H-47s also have performed humanitarian delivering this new capability, on time and tween Boeing, the Canadian customer and support, disaster relief, rescue, fire-fighting an on budget, serve as a model for future our industry partners enabled us to deliver and nation-building missions on six conti- Canadian Defence acquisitions.” all 15 aircraft on or ahead of schedule,” said nents in all climates and conditions.

Australian Helicopters to buy six AW139 helicopters

Finmeccanica – AgustaWestland signed erational flexibility. It features a wide cab- rescue, passenger transport, offshore trans- a contract with Australian Helicopters to in, superior performance and the highest port supporting the Oil & Gas industry, supply six AW139 helicopters that will be levels of safety and comfort. Thanks to its law enforcement and public utility duties. operated for Ambulance Victoria. These characteristics, the AW139 is ideally suited This latest contract further strength- aircraft are expected to enter service in for emergency medical service operations. ens the presence of Finmeccanica- Agus- January 2016 and will be used to perform The AW139 is the bestselling helicopter taWestland in the region with over 50 heli- emergency medical service missions. in its category in the world market, with copters currently in service in Australia The AW139 is a new generation heli- orders for over 770 units from more than and New Zealand. copter designed with inherent multirole 200 customers in over 60 countries so far capabilities and to provide maximized op- to perform a number of missions such as

16 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | Saab gets order for underwater weapon system Defense and security company Saab has re- veloping a new lightweight torpedo. Final developing underwater systems for shallow ceived an order from the Swedish Defence delivery of this order will be during 2015. waters and the types of environment that Materiel Administration (FMV) regarding “We are very pleased and proud to have exist in the Baltic Sea. Many of our sys- design plans for a New Lightweight Tor- the continued confidence to deliver tor- tems are world leading in its segment, and pedo (NLT). The order refers to the period pedo weapon systems to FMV and the with this order, we are able to maintain our 2014-2015 and amounts to the value of Swedish Navy in the commencement of the global leadership position and continue to MSEK 43. The order is part of the Letter of work to deliver the replacement for Torpe- provide the market with competitive prod- Intent regarding the Swedish armed forces’ do 45”, says Görgen Johansson, Senior Vice ucts”, says Agneta Kammeby, Vice Presi- underwater capability announced recently. President and Head of business area Saab dent and Head of business unit Underwa- Saab has received an order from FMV Dynamics. ter Systems. regarding design plans for a New Light- “Saab Dynamics has over the years estab- weight Torpedo. This is the first step in -de lished a unique experience and expertise in

Vigie Aviation: A step further

DCI has bought out Vigie Aviation, and is implementing a strategic and operational export partnership with Chalair

DCI and Chalair have decided to move As of now, DCI will be recapitalizing Vigie Aviation’s ambition is to become toward development in order to give Vigie Aviation in order to develop the the major French stakeholder in light a new direction to their partnership. innovative concept of a French solution ISR, to the benefit of both the French Therefore, DCI has bought out Vigie providing aerial surveillance assets. Its forces and France’s friendly countries. Aviation, up to 95 percent of the com- particularity relies on the incorporation The proposed solutions will take full pany’s shares, and is implementing a of state-of-the-art surveillance equip- account of the constraints, especially strategic and operational export part- ment onboard light aircrafts, cutting of the Ministry of Defence and the Air nership with Chalair. costs at the same time. Forces’ expectations.

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 17 News

Rolls-Royce merges subsidiaries to improve business Rolls-Royce has announced the merger world leaders in controls and data analysis performance. Both OSyS and AEC have of two wholly owned subsidiaries, Aero is key in supporting Rolls-Royce’s prom- heritages they are proud of, giving me Engine Controls (AEC) and Optimized ise of better power for a changing world. the utmost confidence the new combined Systems and Solutions (OSyS), to form a With the creation of Controls and Data business will deliver even greater results in new business, Controls and Data Services Services, Rolls-Royce will be able to pro- safety critical controls, equipment health (CDS), which will continue to operate as vide an integrated end to end capability management and operational efficiency.” part of the Rolls-Royce Group. that will enhance our asset lifecycle man- Controls and Data Services will operate The new business will bring together agement solutions.” across all Rolls-Royce market sectors, civil equipment sensors, controls and moni- Harry Holt, President of Controls and and defense aerospace, industrial power toring systems with performance analysis Data Services, said: “Our aim is to be the and marine. The business will continue and health management services, deliv- world’s best provider of power system to support current customers in High In- ering greater asset intelligence at a faster controls and intelligence. Through moni- tegrity Controls and Monitoring and Data pace. toring, capturing, analysing and managing Solutions functions, strengthening the Colin Smith, Rolls-Royce, Director of equipment data we will be able to pro- current offering while building new inte- Engineering and Technology, said: “Being vide the insight to optimise asset cost and grated capability. Study initiated to integrate Brimstone 2 onto Typhoon collateral, close air support weapon it is already combat proven in Afghanistan and Libya by the RAF. The study contract will transition the Dual Mode Brimstone capability that is combat proven on Tornado GR4 to Typhoon utilising the Brimstone 2 missile. Mark Bowman, Chief Test Pilot for BAE Systems explains “With a proven track record on RAF Tornados, the Brimstone 2 weapon offers uncompromising precision and a flexible capability that meets the emerging threats of modern warfare. The Typhoon pilot will be able to confidently BRIMSTONE on Eurofighter Typhoon engage a wide range of target types including fast moving vehicles. When integrated BAE Systems has been awarded an initial 2 integration for the UK Royal Air Force Brimstone 2 will be another significant study contract, valued at £5 million by the (RAF) by 2018, the study is also set to development step for Typhoon, enhancing UK Ministry of Defence to evaluate the deliver wider benefits through the explo- the aircraft’s credentials and relevancy go- integration of the MBDA Brimstone 2 air- ration of a common launcher approach ing forward.” to-ground precision weapon with the Ty- which could also be used for other multi- Typhoon is already regarded as one of phoon aircraft. ple weapons stores such as SPEAR 3. the world’s leading swing role combat air- Work is currently underway at War- The Brimstone 2 weapon will add to the craft and the program continues to deliver ton, Lancashire to assess the aerodynamic swing-role capability of the Typhoon air- the latest capabilities to meet the needs of a properties of carrying the weapon through craft. Brimstone 2 is effective against the complex and ever changing environment. a series of wind tunnel tests. Alongside most challenging, high speed and maneu- delivering an effective route to Brimstone vering targets over land and sea. As low

18 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | The first A320neo jetliner is getting ready The highly-efficient NEO (new engine option) single-aisle jetliner project is another step closer to taking flight with the rollout of the initial A320neo – a key milestone as Airbus continues on- schedule. Prominently featuring the NEO branding on its livery, this aircraft – designated MSN6101 in the company’s numbering system – is powered by Pratt & Whitney PW1100G-JM engines and is the first in Airbus’ A320neo Family developmental fleet. It is equipped with extensive flight test instrumentation for handling qualities, performance and engine tests, along with the high-altitude, and hot- and cold-weather campaigns. A320neo The company’s rigorous A320neo Family flight-test and certification pro- through this process as efficiently as quarter of 2015. gramme is facilitated by the jetliner’s possible,” she said. Airbus already is well advanced with fly-by-wire commonality, as well as Once MSN6101 takes flight, Airbus “up-front” A320neo testing, includ- previous flight dynamics testing dur- will begin with initial development and ing approximately 250 flight hours ing the Sharklet-certification campaign, aircraft flight manual tests, before pro- performed on the company’s A320ceo explained Sandra Bour-Schaeffer, Pro- ceeding into its A320neo development (current engine option) in-house devel- ject Flight Test Engineer for the NEO and certification phase and maturity opmental aircraft to evaluate hardware program at Airbus. “We have optimised campaign – to ensure the A320neo fully and software for NEO flight control the flight-test programme – building meets customer requirements at service laws, and test bench validation of thrust on our family concept – to progress entry, which is scheduled for the fourth reversers.

ATK test to help NASA land advanced payloads on Mars

ATK has moved one step closer to help Navy test range to an altitude of about test, while the ATK-manufactured Core NASA land advanced payloads on Mars 120,000 feet. The LDSD test vehicle Structure Assembly (CSA) served as the following the successful test of a next dropped away from the balloon and the platform for two breakthrough technol- generation braking system. A world- ATK STAR 48B motor ignited to accel- ogies from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Labo- leading producer of rocket motors, ATK erate the vehicle to more than Mach 3.8 ratory (JPL): an inflatable Kevlar® tube provided both the rocket motor and test and an altitude of over 180,000 feet. around the vehicle, called the Supersonic vehicle backbone for the test of NASA’s Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator, and experimental Low-Density Supersonic The flight test simulated the low pres- a mammoth parachute called the Super- Decelerator (LDSD). During the June sure and punishing speeds experienced sonic Disk Sail Parachute. These new 28 test at the Pacific Missile Range Fa- by payloads dropped into the Mars at- drag devices will pave the way for deliv- cility at Barking Sands, Kauai, Hawaii, a mosphere. ATK’s STAR 48B rocket mo- ery of increasingly larger payloads to the balloon carried the test vehicle from the tor provided the axial propulsion for the surface of Mars.

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 19 Interview “In Finland, conscription is compulsory for its citizens according to the constitution” Col. Hannu Hypponen, Chief of Education and Training in Defense Command Finland talked to Nation Shield giving a broader picture of national service

In Finland, conscription can take the form of military or civilian service. A majority of the Finnish citizens under the age of 30 do national service of one kind or the other while a number of female citizens do voluntary service. Col. Hannu Hypponen, Chief of Education and Training in Defense Command, Finland talked to Nation Shield giving a broader picture of national service. Excerpts:

By: Khalfan AL Kaabi Col. Hannu Hypponen, Chief of Education and Training in Defense Command, Finland

What are the objectives of the approximately 10 percent, apply to branch, unit, location, and timing). Federal Law regarding national Jehovah’s Witnesses, Aland islanders, and military service? about 450 multinational persons etc. What are the benefits and privi- According to the Constitution of leges that accrue to the recruits of Finland every Finnish citizen is ob- What are the steps for joining na- national service? ligated to participate or assist in national service? The conscripts’ daily allowance is tional defense, and is liable for mili- After reaching the age of 18, all 5,00 (0 – 165 days), 8,35 (166 – 255 tary service starting from the age of male citizens have to attend a call- days) or 11,70 Euros (256 days). The 18 until 60. National service is man- up event, organized together with benefits and privileges include free datory for all male while military the local municipality, to enhance health care, food, accommodation service (conscription) is voluntary the connection between people and and clothing, daily allowance, ac- for women. defense forces. Before that everyone commodation and travel allowance, takes a commonly defined medi- home care, pilots’ and divers’ allow- When is someone exempted from cal test. During the call-up event, ance and women’s equipment allow- national service? general information about the per- ance, free travel, support network, Approximately 7 percent select al- son is collected considering ser- psychosocial support and family ternative civilian service, which lasts vice location and branch requested, support. 12 months for everybody. Approxi- as well the health factors. After mately 10 percent are exempted for call-up, all conscripts will receive What is the duration of national health reasons. Other exemptions, their service allocations (service, service for males and females?

20 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | “In Finland, conscription is compulsory for its citizens according to the constitution” According to the Constitution of Finland every Finnish citizen is obligated to participate or assist in national Firing Training defense, and is liable for military service starting from the age of 18 until 60 Soldiers will serve 5.5 months (165 days), special soldiers (like military police) and skilled soldiers (like tank drivers) 8.5 months (255 days), and NCOs and officer aspirants 11.5 Part of fitness training tests months (347 days).

Do you consider the period of national service as part of government service? It is not considered as part of government service. What are the cases in which recruits are called for service again? Reservists can be called for refresher training by defense forces, extra training by president and mobiliza- tion by government.

What are the rewards and privi- NCOs military club leges granted to non-staff re-

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 21 Interview

Recruits morning parade The Lecture Hall

Armament training Assisting recruits

cruits? culating the financial benefits of service for those who are resi- Officers and special officers get 63,85 employer in the public and pri- dents with relatives abroad until euro per day, NCO 60,90 euro per vate sectors? they return from abroad? day and soldiers 58,25 euro per day. In national service conscription and National service is mandatory. Na- Besides, all will have a daily allow- refresher training is mandatory. Em- tional service has to be done between ance of 5 euro per day. ployers do not have any financial the ages 18 to 30 years. In call-up benefits. People can apply for post- event, one can apply for postpone- Can anyone be called for service ponement of service and refresher ment of service for 1-3 years. without prior coordination be- training and one reason can be that tween his employer and the re- he is so important to the employer What is the alternative service, cruitment authorities? that service or refresher training will and what are its nature and con- Yes, he can be called for service with- cause significantly economic side ef- ditions? out prior coordination. fect. Civilian service center is responsible for the execution of the alternative What is the mechanism of cal- Is it possible to postpone national civilian service basic training and

22 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | /People can apply for postponement of service and refresher training and one reason can be that he is so important to the employer that Colonel Hannu receives copy of Nation Shield Journal service or refresher training will cause significantly economic side effect

call-up event one can apply for postponement of the service for 1-3 years.

Will national service recruits be Recruit’s Military bags subject to the same penalties applied to military personnel in the it is planned and supervised by the Is it possible for citizens over the armed forces? Ministry of Employment and Econ- age of 30 to join national service? No. National service recruits will not omy. Over the age of 30 it is not possible be subjected to the same penalties. Alternative civilian service (ex- to join national service. But one can cluding the basic training) is execut- take part in voluntary national de- How do you find out the public ed by selected agencies or non-gov- fense training. and national reactions toward the ernmental organizations, primarily issuance of national and reserve in the areas of social and health ser- Is a graduate from high school service law? vices (like hospitals), educational or permitted to postpone national There in a special parliamentary cultural service (like in the educa- service until the completion of committee, appointed by the govern- tion of handicapped people), in en- undergraduate study in the event ment, that makes regular surveys or vironmental service (like in waste of receiving a scholarship out of opinion polls among the citizens on management) or in emergency ser- state? security policy, national defense and vice (like in fire brigades). Reserve Yes. Though national service is man- security• is only military. There is no civilian datory and has to be done between reserve. the ages 18 to 30 years, during the

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 23 Interview BORDER SECURITY SOLUTIONS The Middle East has a particular vulnerability to cyber attacks By: Sakha Pramod Nation Shield had an exclusive inter- tems. view with JEAN-MARC NASR, Head of Europe, Middle East and Africa, What are the key systems that you Airbus Defence and Space. He out- offer for border security? lines the complex and vital issue of Our border security solutions are built handling border security. on four pillars: Sensors fixed – tower-mounted ra- What is the most important factor dars, cameras, intelligent fences - and to be kept in mind in terms of bor- mobile - sensor equipped vehicles, der security in the contemporary helicopters, airplanes, UAS, riverboats, context? patrol boats - ones for control and Globalisation has led to increased mo- surveillance, high-performance soft- bility. Each year, one billion people ware for analysis of collected data. This cross borders all over the world for JEAN-MARC NASR, Head of Eu- equals ‘observe and detect.’ business and pleasure. Illegal migration rope Middle East Africa Next are the secured networks and potentially exceeds that figure. In the control rooms. Collected sensors data United States alone about 11.7 million oriented strategies? is transferred through secured net- immigrants are living illegally. Also, in- This is not the way I see it. First of all it’s works to responsible operation centres. ternational trade and the exchange of the authorities who define the require- Operators are informed about poten- goods is rising. The annual worldwide ments of their border security system tial threats and further processed in the volume of merchandise exchange ex- in order to gain complete control over command chain to decide on action to ceeds $18,200 billion (2011). their borders and increase the effi- be taken. At the heart of border secu- This means that in the contemporary ciency of resources, staff allocation and rity operations are the control rooms context, border security has a key role planning. And from the border guards on local, regional and national level in facilitating legal border crossing such up to the highest level decision makers, as well as reliable secured networks to as in ensuring efficient flow of people they all use the latest technology as a connect those facilities with the sensor and goods that cross borders legally, tool to be more effective, to manage re- sites, mobile units and customer staff. avoiding unnecessary delays at borders, gional and high profile missions, to en- This is ‘decide.’ processing goods professionally and ef- able the whole command chain to share Third pillar is secure radio commu- ficiently as well as contributing to the an accurate view of the situation and to nication. Border patrols and command prevention and stopping of illegal bor- ensure and facilitate joint operations of centres are connected by secure radio der crossings. There is the fighting of -il different bodies on both national and communication - an exclusively dedi- legal migration and human trafficking, international level. cated, 24/7 available, encrypted and stopping illegal exchange of goods, de- The goal is to integrate various tech- secured radio network. Orders can tecting and fighting terrorism, fighting nologies into a concept of operations be received and real-time reports can smuggling of arms, drugs, counterfeits and to construct an effective border be sent back to the control centres al- and other illegal goods. security system. And this integrated lowing the whole command chain to system using the latest and proven share an accurate view of the situation. Would it be correct to say that in technologies is a specific area of exper- Checks at border crossing points are modern times, border patrol has tise of Airbus Defence and Space. But performed on travellers, transportation been taken over more by technol- it always needs very well educated and and databases. This is ‘act.’ ogy-driven solutions than people- trained personnel to operate the sys- And finally, we provide threat assess-

24 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | ‘Our customers need to take the right decisions on time, in a complex and moving environment

manding operational missions with the full range of products and services. We bring together the collective expertise of our former divisions, Astrium, Air- bus Military and Cassidian into one division called Airbus Defence and Space. This provides our customers with the full interconnected chain of solutions in four areas: deployment of forces, infrastructure protection, intelligence and communication and C2 -Command and Control. And Eurosatory was the perfect platform to show this. Eurosatory was the perfect platform to show the collective expertise of Airbus Defence So at the show we presented the and Space A400M new generation airlifter, which offers ‘three aircraft in one’ - strategic, ment. After each event to increase effi- Beside this, the geographical location of tactical and tanker. Another area we ciency and improve the system, mean- a country in terms of exposure could be presented at the show was our cyber ing speed up the reaction chain, better a challenge. Qatar, for example, forms security offer. Within the infrastructure allocation of resources and the like. This a peninsula and is therefore in an ex- protection area, Airbus Defence and is ‘learn’. posed strategic situation with sea bor- Space offers products that are able to ders and related resources. Thus, the provide cyber security to secure infor- Border situations differ from region requested expertise is to identify and mation at all levels and guarantee busi- to region depending on topography provide the right technology that works ness continuity as well as border secu- and other factors. What is special seamlessly under these harsh condi- rity as illustrated by the largest border about border security in the Arabian tions on ground, air and sea. security projects ever delivered. Gulf region from your experience? A third important area is the UAS The climate and weather conditions What was your focus at Eurosatory? sector. Airbus Defence and Space pre- in the region, the long distances to be Airbus Defence and Space is one of the sented a selection of its Unmanned Air covered, patrolled and secured, and the few defence, space and security provid- Systems and complete geospatial in- desert environment with lack of proper ers that can fully support military and telligence chains managing all kind of access are for sure specific to the region. security customers to meet their de- sources from satellite imagery down to

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 25 Interview

‘We have governmental and commercial customers in the CLA: continuous development whole GCC region to ensure quality covering the entire portfolio of Airbus Since its establishment in 2012, Caracal Light strategic value. New projects in the pipeline are Ammunition (CLA) has been constantly working the production of shot shell ammunition in Defence and Space’ on developing its products to meet the highest collaboration with professional partners in the ﬁeld standards of quality. Through these relentless and CLA also envisions opening a platform from efforts, CLA succeeded in building a brand of trust which ammunition can be sold commercially for Tower-mounted radars, fixed cameras and intelligent fences can secure borders and becoming one of the acceptable choices individuals. within the small arms ammunition sector, across open sources. ation. There are also as tower-mounted The Middle East has a particular vul- the region and international markets. CLA has recently established the R&D department, this department has several key functions that Our customers need to take the right radars, fixed cameras and intelligent nerability to cyber attacks because "The company is motivated to grow and it is include; keeping ahead of key developments decisions on time, in a complex and fences. Air surveillance is covered by of the centrality of the energy sector continually searching for collaborations with key within the market, meeting evolving international moving environment. Therefore, they helicopters, small airplanes and UAS to the region’s economy and its soci- players in order to realize its goal of leading the standards, accomplishing end user special expect trusted, efficient, and resilient while on sea or rivers various kinds of ety at large. Everything in the Middle ammunition development and manufacturing, requirements and investigating quality issues. To communication solutions as well as boats are in place. The data collected East is focused on oil and gas, energy whilst ensuring the highest safety and quality support this capability, the acquisition of user-friendly decision tools. From sat- by these sensors is transferred through and water distribution. Not only the standards,” Says Mohamed Al Falasi, CEO – CLA. simulation software, ﬂash X-ray, Doppler Radar and ellite down to land communication, secure networks to responsible opera- Middle East region but the world at high speed cameras are necessary in accomplishing CLA, formerly known as ADCOM, CLA is a CLA core objectives. Airbus Defence and Space is offering tion centres so the operators are in- large would feel the consequences of subsidiary of Tawazun and specializes in the seamless end-to-end communication formed about potential threats, ena- an attack on the Middle East’s crucial production of various calibers and variants of In CLA’s commitment to improving Quality, the solutions such as terminals, networks bling the command chain to decide on energy sector. So the region has un- small arms ammunition (SAA) for both military company has obtained the ISO 9001:2008 for and managed services. We propose action to be taken. derstood that it’s not only at the heart and special purposes. Quality Management Systems, ISO 14001:2004 broadband solutions to connect high- of the global economy, but it’s also a Environment Management Systems and also the ly demanding mission C2. Logistic Apart from Qatar which countries matter of national security and this To ensure improved productivity, CLA made a few OHSAS 18001:2007 Occupational Health and Safety systems and medical C2 capabilities are your major customers in the re- is where awareness is very high and changes internally in order to enhance the current Management. Further to this achievement, CLA processes and facilities in order to meet new has received the Sheikh Khalifa Industry Silver-Level - regulation, tele-expertise- were also gion and in what areas? where authorities have decided to go targeted requirements and better CLA’s position in Award. presented. For all these capabilities, We have governmental and com- for plans to put the measures in place order to cater for the growing demands in the Airbus Defence and Space can offer mercial customers in the whole GCC that are needed. Protecting these en- market. The process started with the assessment of New opportunities include the Joint Venture its customers an adapted approach in region covering the entire portfolio ergy plants, these assets, is part of the existing manufacturing processes, machinery, between CLA and MP3 for the purpose of terms of procurement of equipment, of Airbus Defence and Space. There protecting global security. According procedures and resources in order to identify the establishing a pyrotechnics manufacturing systems or managed services. are satellites, Eurofighter, MRTT and to Frost & Sullivan, Saudi Arabia will avenues for improvements. Based on this exercise, capability called Caracal Pyrotechnics (CPT). C295, border security, C4ISR, cyber have spent $33bn on IT cyber security restructuring was recently implemented in order to accommodate improved production and The construction of the pyrotechnics plant at Nowadays, terrorists look for po- security, secure mobile communica- alone in the period 2007-2018. The quality. Tawzun Industrial park is on track and is expected rous borders to infiltrate and cre- tion, optronics and radars – just to UAE and Qatar have similar ambitious to be fully operational by end of 2015. ate security problems. As some name some of our products and capa- plans• CLA is in the market to collaborate with key borders are very long, how best can bilities. market players and establish new projects of you monitor them? It’s a mix of various fixed and mo- What are the main general issues bile technologies and activities. On concerning security in the Middle ground, vehicles or patrols are in oper- East?

26 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | CLA: continuous development to ensure quality

Since its establishment in 2012, Caracal Light strategic value. New projects in the pipeline are Ammunition (CLA) has been constantly working the production of shot shell ammunition in on developing its products to meet the highest collaboration with professional partners in the ﬁeld standards of quality. Through these relentless and CLA also envisions opening a platform from efforts, CLA succeeded in building a brand of trust which ammunition can be sold commercially for and becoming one of the acceptable choices individuals. within the small arms ammunition sector, across the region and international markets. CLA has recently established the R&D department, this department has several key functions that "The company is motivated to grow and it is include; keeping ahead of key developments continually searching for collaborations with key within the market, meeting evolving international players in order to realize its goal of leading the standards, accomplishing end user special ammunition development and manufacturing, requirements and investigating quality issues. To whilst ensuring the highest safety and quality support this capability, the acquisition of standards,” Says Mohamed Al Falasi, CEO – CLA. simulation software, ﬂash X-ray, Doppler Radar and high speed cameras are necessary in accomplishing CLA, formerly known as ADCOM, CLA is a CLA core objectives. subsidiary of Tawazun and specializes in the production of various calibers and variants of In CLA’s commitment to improving Quality, the small arms ammunition (SAA) for both military company has obtained the ISO 9001:2008 for and special purposes. Quality Management Systems, ISO 14001:2004 Environment Management Systems and also the To ensure improved productivity, CLA made a few OHSAS 18001:2007 Occupational Health and Safety changes internally in order to enhance the current Management. Further to this achievement, CLA processes and facilities in order to meet new has received the Sheikh Khalifa Industry Silver-Level targeted requirements and better CLA’s position in Award. order to cater for the growing demands in the market. The process started with the assessment of New opportunities include the Joint Venture the existing manufacturing processes, machinery, between CLA and MP3 for the purpose of procedures and resources in order to identify the establishing a pyrotechnics manufacturing avenues for improvements. Based on this exercise, capability called Caracal Pyrotechnics (CPT). restructuring was recently implemented in order to accommodate improved production and The construction of the pyrotechnics plant at quality. Tawzun Industrial park is on track and is expected to be fully operational by end of 2015. CLA is in the market to collaborate with key market players and establish new projects of Report UAE Plans To Send Unmanned Probe to Mars By 2021

across the Middle East, we have proved today how positive a contribution the Arab people can make to humanity through great achievements, given the right cir- cumstances and ingredients. “We chose the epic challenge of reaching Mars because epic challenges inspire us and motivate us. The moment we stop taking on such challenges is the moment we stop moving forward.” UAE investments in space technologies HH Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, UAE Vice President , Prime Minister and President of the UAE and Supreme Com- Ruler of Dubai, HH Sheikh Mohammed currently exceed Dhs20 billion, and the mander of the Armed Forces bin Rashid Al Maktoum project will establish the space technology sector as a key component of the national A new space agency is being created in the UAE President HH Sheikh Khalifa bin economy in the future, state news agency country to supervise the mission Zayed Al Nahyan said: “The UAE Mars WAM reported. The UAE has announced plans to send probe represents the Islamic world’s entry HH Sheikh Mohammed said the UAE an unmanned probe to Mars by 2021, in into the era of space exploration. We will Space Agency will be responsible for su- a bid to send the Arab world’s first mis- prove that we are capable of delivering new pervising and organising all space ac- sion to another planet. A new UAE Space scientific contributions to humanity. tivities, developing the sector, ensuring Agency will be created to supervise the “The UAE’s purpose is to build emirati knowledge transfer, enhancing the coun- mission and coordinate the country’s space technical and intellectual capabilities in try’s position as a global player in aero- technology sector. the fields of aerospace and space explora- space, and maximising the contribution of The proposed probe’s journey will take tion and to enter the space industry and space industries to the national economy. nine-months and span more than 60 mil- to make use of space technology in a way The agency will report to the cabinet lion kilometres. that enhances the country’s development and have financial and administrative in- The mission, to be led by emiratis, will plans.” dependence. make the UAE one of nine countries with UAE Vice President , Prime Minister HH Sheikh Khalifa added: “We aim for space programmes to explore Mars, and and Ruler of Dubai, HH Sheikh Moham- the UAE to be among the top countries in will also coincide with the 50th anniver- med bin Rashid Al Maktoum, said, “De- the field of aerospace by 2021”• sary of the country’s formation. spite all the tensions and the conflicts

28 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | Oshkosh Defense Delivers C4 and Systems Integration as a Total Solution for Next Generation Vehicles ages Oshkosh’s proven history of design and integration capabilities, to deliver new levels of protected mobility for a lightweight vehicle. As an Original Equipment Manufac- turer, Oshkosh has an in-house team of vehicle and C4ISR experts who designed the C4ISR solution for the fully integrated JLTV prototype vehicles it has delivered for the program. Oshkosh Defense’s L-ATV platform offers a unique combination of proven technology, systems integration and manufacturing readiness at an affordable cost. The L-ATV’s lightweight, compact design leverages a decade of research and development – and A fully-integrated Oshkosh Defense M-ATV, delivers a complete system to the military critically important field operating vehi- customer and improved user experience cle and C4I experience during conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. The nature of warfare has changed and of concurrently building the truck and Oshkosh uses a 3-D modeling and future battlefields will bring an unpre- integrating C4 systems. simulation, and rigorous design process dictable combination of terrain, tactics Oshkosh Defense delivers its own to develop vehicles with the required sys- and threats. Now more than ever, the unique C4 and systems integration pro- tems and capabilities. Virtual modeling overall network is critical to mission success to equip military forces in the Middle and testing reduces potential system cess. Military forces in the Middle East East with exceptional access to necessary conflicts or interference up front, before have increasingly complex requirements information and technology. Since a sep- vehicle prototypes are created or produc- for the transmission and sharing of voice arate integration supplier isn’t required, tion begins. Oshkosh operates a sophisti- and digital information. To ensure pro- Oshkosh expedites vehicle fielding. This cated System Integration Lab to fully test tection, combat troops today need com- enabled the company on a highly ac- and optimize the equipment for specific mand, control, communications and celerated production schedule to deliver applications. The Oshkosh C4ISR experts computer equipment, known as C4, and MRAP All-Terrain Vehicles, or M-ATVs, work directly with the customer and lev- such systems as intelligence, surveillance to the U.S. Government prewired and erage feedback to improve the user expe- and reconnaissance, or ISR. ready for C4 equipment. Oshkosh played rience, such as strategically placing power When integrating these systems into a critical role in supporting the C4I in- sources and the most-commonly used ground vehicles, the vehicle manufac- tegration process to support the Govern- equipment for easier access and use. turer traditionally has supplied the truck, ment customer. As C4 equipment and weapon systems while another supplier integrates the C4 Oshkosh Defense is currently par- become increasingly sophisticated, effec- systems and equipment. This approach of ticipating in the U.S. Department of tive integration of these technologies is tearing down a vehicle and reassembling Defense’s Joint Light Tactical Vehicle critical. Oshkosh’s C4 and systems inte- it proves expensive, wastes time and is (JLTV) Engineering and Manufactur- gration can provide an improved user risky as military vehicles become more ing Development (EMD) phase with its experience, reduce time to delivery and complex. With its extensive grasp of ve- Light Combat Tactical All-Terrain Vehi- lower costs, and provide greater commu- hicle design and integration, Oshkosh cle (L-ATV). The Oshkosh L-ATV is a nication and information-sharing among Defense employs a streamlined process systems-engineered solution that lever- friendly forces on the battlefield•

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 29 Report

Two birds coming from the Sevilla plant in Spain - the light Casa 235-‎‎200 on the left, and the massive Atlas, on the right‎ Atlas, the French Air Force giant Revolutionary aircraft brings new standards in airborne operations French Air Force will have its first operational unit on Atlas (French designation of the A400M, name of mythologic giant) this autumn. From August 2013, an international team has worked on training and tactics in Orleans, 100 km south of Paris. By: Jean Marc Tanguy The multinational entry into service Military transport (A310, A330, A340), as the first overseas missions have clearly team (MEST) is the leading unit for all and one guy has been piloting Rafale. A shown it. The first standard delivered to the A400M nations to get the first les- few have also a great experience of spe- FAF is just focused on logistics flights sons learned and to conduct the experi- cial operations. New experiences are to : the aircraft must take off from a pre- mentation process. It mainly comprises come from tankers C-135FR (the French pared runway, and to land on the same French teams, but also four British avia- designation of the KC-135) or from oth- type of strip. The tactical are still being tors (three mecanics and a pilot) and a er types of aircrafts. developed by Airbus Defense & Space. German pilot. Many of them have grown For French Air Force (FAF), Atlas is a FAF has used its two aircrafts to carry with Transall and Hercules, but some total revolution. The aircraft carry more, freight to Mali on December, 2013 (only come from the Airbus aircrafts used for more quickly, and on a longer distance five months after the delivery of the first

30 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | A light multimission helicopter Fennec is loaded abord the Atlas, for a ‎transatlantic trip to Frenc Guyana‎ aircraft), but also a Fennec helicopter tion. to the French Guyane (south America) This revolutionary aircraft also brings and the French Antilles. Ground trials The next Atlas new standards in airborne operations. have also been done to load on/load off versions, available France is one of the few able to lead this a 31 tonnes VBCI, an armoured combat kind of mission: Tombouctou, in Mali, vehicle in service with the French Army. on 2015, will was seized by airborne troops launched In a few weeks (September), FAF will at night by five C-130 and C-160 tak- have its first operational unit, Transport bring new ing off from Abidjan (Ivory Coast). The Squadron 1/61 “Touraine” with four air- same would have only needed two Atlas. craft. It will be based in Orléans, 100 km capabilities, Flying at Mach 0,74, those two aircraft south of Paris, where the MEST already such as a 37 would have been quicklier on their tar- operates the type. This base is also home get : as a result, the paratroopers would of the simulators, and sees daily flying tonnes max load, have been more ready to fight. Many C-130, C-160 and Twin Otters. limited airdrop operations have been The initial operationnal capability paratrooping, in led by France on 2013 and 2014 in Mali (IOC) will allow low level flights up to : some needed to insert Special opera- 500 ft and transport up to 32 tonnes of flight refueling tions team, in order to seize at night load. This first operational unit will help high value target (HVT). Another ones French projections in Africa. France and very low level were only supporting long range deep currently uses heavy carriers, such as flight penetration groups patrolling the desert An-124 rented to Russia, to send heli- : C-160 and C-130 were the sole life line copters and vehicles to Mali and Central with main operating bases hundreds Africa Republic. Atlas will offer a na- the TP400 turbos, allows the aircraft kilometers far away, bringing water, fuel tional heavy load capability. Each Atlas to fly as a commercial jet, up to Mach and ammunitions. can easily ferry two Tiger attack helicop- 0,74. This speed reduces the time spent Atlas has also a clear advantage upon ter, or one Caracal in only seven hours. to sent troops and loads. Passengers are An-124 : it carries less, but it can land The cruise altitude, which is the best for also less tired when arrived to destina- directly (with 37 tons aboard) in Tes-

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 31 Report

five aircrafts on different stages in the Sevilla plant : MSN 10 et 11 (ready to be delivered), 12, 14, 19. This year, other operators such as UK and Germany will receive their first aircrafts. Airbus works 6343 hours have been gained by Air- bus Defense & Space in 2278 flights, as of June, 9, 2014. AD&S teams are still working on new standards, even if the test fleet is going to be reduced. The next Atlas versions, available on 2015, will bring new capabilities, such as a 37 tonnes max load, paratrooping, in flight refueling for both aircrafts and helicopters, and very low level flight. A full self protection system is also to be achieved : Thales, Airbus Defense & Space, Indra and MBDA are still working on it. The first test flights have been done on Air- bus Defense & Space aircrafts and more than 1.000 flares were ejected during five flight tests campaigns, on 2013-2014. The infrared sensors (MWS-PE) of the self protection system has also been tested. Many airdrop campaigns –loads and paratroops- have been done since the beginning of 2014, on January and April. Another paratroops campaigns have to be realized in Turkey, the second Atlas stands for the first time on the Lamentin base parking, in the ‎French Antilles‎ A400M user. The EPC French canopy has been tested on April, and the T10 salit, Kidal, Tombouctu or Gao. The C-130 flight was also necessary, to keep canopy, used by Spain and Turkey was much heavier An-124 can only land in it operationnal. With only a few Atlas to be tested during this summer. These Bamako, and the goods needs tactical operating from N’Djamen (Chad), FAF capabilities are a key point for the FAF, airlift to reach the forward operationg would have done it easily, and with the which is of the latest ones to practice bases, or ground convoys covering 900 same aircraft used to support simulta- regularly airborne operations. km. neously Serval operation. Speed, avail- The flight test team has also to lead In Central Africa Republic, where ability and load offered will clearly help another unpaved runway campaign dry French troops have been operating since France to engage less aircrafts in Africa, hot weather. Initially, the selected zone December 2013, Atlas would have been for an improved service to the ground was in Western Africa (Burkina Faso) very helpful, too. French Special Opera- forces. A strategic base of Atlas in Chad but was quickly threatened by terror- tions needed dozens rotations of Transall will transport, refuel, and perhaps one ist activity in the region. Djibouti was and Hercules to insert more than 150 day, be able to carry also air-to-ground then selected, but a recent bomb attack tons of freight in N’Dele, in order to cre- effectors, or leading ISR missions. obliged to consider another area, in ate a forward operating base. One daily On a short time, France will receive Middle East.

32 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | Air-to-air refuellings are also a central transport assets at the beginning of Op- capability for French Air Force. It can eration Serval, in Mali, on January 2013. give a longer autonomy for Atlas special Air-to-air US Air Force, Canada, and the British flights, but also allow fighters and heli- Royal Air Force have flown thousands copters to improve their endurance. No refuellings can of C-17 flight hours during this short test has been done for the moment on give a longer period. the French assets, except Caracal heli- FAF transport assets are operated in copter. This low speed aircraft refuels on autonomy for Orléans, 100 km south of Paris which the wing pods qualified by AD&S. will be the Atlas’home. Also here is The first aircraft with this core capa- Atlas special based the Special Operations transport bility (MSN15) will be delivered to the squadron 3/61 “Poitou” and the main British Royal Air Force. FRAF will get. flights C-130 user, 2/61 “Franche-Comté”. Evreux, 100 km west of Paris, is also a French air transport capabilities the French overseas territories (Antilles, transport base with two squadrons fly- FAF is still operating 34 Transall, most Guyane, Reunion, Nouvelle-Caledonie ing the C-160, 1/64 “Béarn” and 2/64 of them belong to a second tranche of and Polynesie). One was lost on 2003. “Anjou”. C-160 produced after 1981. These can FAF decided to buy another tranche of The Casa 235-200/300 are mainly liv- be air-refuelled, but their freight load is the more powerful CN-235-800 (8 air- ing in Creil, 50 km north of Paris. Two reduced. The C-160 will live up to 2023 craft) that are all now delivered. This squadrons are flying it : 1/62 “Vercors” : 60 years after its first flight, on 1963 courageous light transport aircraft was and 3/62 “Ventoux”. Flights with two or ! The latest aircrafts in service should deployed in Mali as a Medevac asset and three aircrafts are also based in Guyane, be two modified C-160 called “Gabriel” it is being qualified to airdrop freight up Nouvelle Calédonie and Polynesia. In with ELINT capabilities. to 3 tons. It’s already used for paratroop- this demanding territories, they’re used 12 C-130H/H/30 were bought on ing training. for search and rescue, or tactical light 1987 and they’re still fliyng, with two FAF doesn’t operate heavy load air- cargo, to insert freight in the forest to second hand C-130H refurbished from craft and, since 1993, the joint high defeat gold smugglers• Zaïre (now the Democratic Republic of command has regularly lend An-124. Congo). 20 Casa CN-235 were also or- In order to deploy as quickest as pos- dered in the 80’s to fit new demands in sible, France asked its allies to bring air

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 33 Report Boeing Offers KC-46 Tanker to South Korea Features low lifecycle costs, high combat readiness, interoperability with U.S. Air Force

Unique among tankers, the KC-46 can operate in chemical, biological and nuclear conditions, features cockpit armor, and can operate from a large variety of smaller airfields Boeing has formally offered to the Re- by the end of this year. can be reconfigured by one person in no public of Korea (ROK) the KC-46, the The KC-46, the most advanced tanker more than two hours or two persons in U.S. Air Force’s next-generation tanker, ever built leverages Boeing’s 75 years of no more than one hour to accommodate as Korea prepares to acquire four aircraft expertise with air refueling systems. In any mission. Unique among tankers, for its first tanker squadron. addition to its refueling mission, it can the KC-46 can operate in chemical, bio- “We’ve been a strategic and industrial transport cargo, passengers and support logical and nuclear conditions, features partner with the Republic of Korea for aeromedical evacuations. cockpit armor for protection from small more than six decades and remain com- Boeing will build and deliver to the arms fire, and can also operate from a mitted to helping Korea strengthen its U.S. Air Force 179 KC-46As by 2027 if large variety of smaller airfields and for- defense capabilities and aerospace in- all options under the contract are exer- ward-deployed austere bases. dustry,” said Eric John, president of Boe- cised. In 2013, Boeing spent over $400 mil- ing Korea. “With the KC-46, Korea will “Based on the proven 767 airframe, lion with Korean companies, up from acquire a force-multiplier and the ability which has an in-service readiness rate of $340 million in 2012 -- maintaining Ko- to operate seamlessly with the U.S. Air approximately 99 percent as an airliner, rea’s position in the top quartile of na- Force during combat and humanitarian freighter and tanker, the KC-46 will be tions with which Boeing does business. relief operations.” able to fulfill more mission requirements More than 50 Korean companies pro- Boeing made the offer in response to with fewer aircraft than is possible to- vided products and services for Boeing Korea’s request for proposals for an aer- day,” added Chuck Johnson, Boeing vice production and sustainment programs, ial refueling tanker. Korea’s Defense Ac- president, Air Force Programs. research and development and a broad quisition and Program Administration In addition to a cargo door, the KC-46 range of internal services that support is expected to complete its competition features a main deck cargo floor which Boeing operations.•

34 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | Northrop Grumman gets $3.6 bn contract The deal is for delivering 25 E-2D Advanced Hawkeye Aircraft to US Navy The U.S. Navy has awarded Northrop this year, the E-2D will continue to be Systems. “It’s a win-win – our warfight- Grumman Corporation a $3.6 billion ready, relevant and capable for decades ers will get the advanced AEW&C tech- fixed price, incentive fee multiyear con- to come and continue serving the Navy nology that the E-2D Advanced Hawk- tract to deliver 25 new E-2D Advanced Carrier Strike Group with distinction.” eye brings, at a lower cost for taxpayers.” Hawkeye aircraft, bringing the total As the only DOD designed, tested and The Northrop Grumman-led sup- number of aircraft on contract to 50. in-production AEW&C platform, the plier team – “Team Hawkeye” – brings Developed and produced by Northrop E-2D Advanced Hawkeye has under- together the best in industry, ensuring Grumman, the E-2DAdvanced Hawk- gone a significant transformation from the continued success of the Advanced eye is the world’s only aircraft specifical- previous E-2 models, resulting in revo- Hawkeye program. Lockheed Mar- ly designed as a carrier-based airborne lutionary capabilities. This includes the tin Naval Electronics and Surveillance early warning and control (AEW&C) new, more powerful AN/APY-9 radar Systems, Syracuse, New York, serves as system. With its structurally distinctive system, exclusive to the E-2D Advanced the principal AN/APY-9 radar system design – a rotating rotodome and four Hawkeye, which represents a two-gen- supplier and is teamed with Northrop vertical stabilizer tail configuration – the erational leap in radar technology and Grumman Electronic Systems, Balti- E-2DAdvanced Hawkeye provides un- allows the warfighter to “see” a greater more, and Raytheon’s Space and Air- precedented, 360-degree surveillance to number of targets at much greater dis- borne Systems, El Segundo, California. the warfighter. tances – as well as new avionics and a Rolls-Royce (Indianapolis, IN) provides “The E-2D Advanced Hawkeye is the glass cockpit. the T-56-A engines while BAE Systems, Navy’s primary airborne early warning “A multiyear procurement of these ad- Greenlawn, New York, is responsible for and battle management command and ditional E-2Ds will take advantage of ef- the identification friend or foe system control platform,” said Navy Capt. John ficient, stable production lines at both and L-3 Communications Randtron S. Lemmon, program manager, E-2/C-2 Northrop Grumman and our suppliers, Antenna Systems, Menlo Park, Califor- Airborne Tactical Data System Program and will generate significant cost savings nia, developed the ultra-high frequency Office (PMA-231). “I’m confident that for taxpayers and the Navy,” said Bart electronically scanned array antenna. as the E-2D Advanced Hawkeye at- LaGrone, vice president, E-2/C-2 Pro- “Since the first E-2D Advanced tains initial operational capability later grams, Northrop Grumman Aerospace Hawkeye delivery in 2007, every aircraft has been delivered on schedule and on budget,” LaGrone said. “It is this kind of proven program performance and partnership with our customer that results in a multiyear contract – validat- ing that the E-2D Advanced Hawkeye is the right system at the right time for the right cost.” The Navy’s E-2D Advanced Hawkeye program of record is for 75 aircraft, of which Northrop Grumman has already delivered 13production aircraft•

E-2D Hawkeye

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 35 Report UAE on course to be major sustainable energy pioneer The UAE, despite being best known for being oil-based, is embracing sustainable technologies

HH Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed attended the signing of the strategic framework agreement in the Renewable Energy between U.A.E. & Saudi Arabia The UAE could be a defender of the sta- about a clean economy future, which, ac- try. The four main ideas, according to Fred tus quo on energy use, but the country is cording to Bader Al Lamki, the director of Moavenzadeh, the MIT professor running a powerful advocate for a cleaner environ- Masdar Clean Energy, has two major ele- the Masdar Institute of Technology, were ment and efforts to halt climate change. ments. the diversification from oil and gas, con- The UAE proves it with a pivot of historic First, the country is helping build the cern about climate change, the importance proportions, trying to build a oil-free fu- global supply of clean energy, recognising of good education for his people, and equal ture in the desert and countless other im- that conventional forms of energy are go- rights for women. portant initiatives. ing to decline. Masdar clean energy runs UAE is certainly not alone in trying to The UAE has become a major player in several couple of funds investing hundreds make a fundamental pivot away from fos- clean technologies, funding large-scale re- of millions of dollars in some of the largest sil fuels. There’s a surprisingly long list of newable energy projects around the world, utility scale solar and wind projects in the countries that get over half their electric- and investing millions in fundamental re- world, as well as water desalination, energy ity from renewables already, although most search (in partnership with MIT) in en- storage, and energy efficiency. are using hydropower to get there. A small- ergy, water, microelectronics, advanced Second, UAE built Masdar City, a dem- er group is going for the true renewables materials, and transportation systems. onstration project and research facility, to like solar, wind, and geothermal. The UAE is positively progressive on show how clean technologies could work Germany, while struggling at times, is clean energy. At the Future of Energy Sum- in practice. UAE partnered with Massa- pursuing green energy aggressively. Kenya mit, UAE leaders announced a partnership chusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to is planning to get half its electricity from with Denmark, and with Vestas Wind in build a graduate degree programme and solar by 2016. Morocco is shooting for 42 particular, to tackle energy poverty in the research facility to patent and leverage new per cent renewables by 2020. Saudi Arabia developing world. technologies. has some aggressive solar goals and is in- The Wind for Prosperity project will of- And the quest for a clean, green environ- vesting over $100bn in a solar future. fer carbon-free electricity to those who ment is not new. Decades ago, the father The scale of UAE’s clean activity may not mostly use very expensive diesel generators of the UAE, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al be enough to replace the oil-based econ- for power. This partnership is only one ex- Nahyan, laid out a vision of critical issues omy any time soon. But it’s clear that the ample of the UAE’s strategy to help bring that would shape the future of his coun- country is on the right track, big time.

36 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | Gemasolar Concentrated Solar Power Plant, a joint venture between Masdar Power & Sener London Array

Experts note that companies and coun- Yamani, President of King Abdullah City the aim of diversifying Saudi Arabia’s en- tries of all sizes should heed the UAE ex- Shaikh Mohammad hailed the agree- ergy sources, to include nuclear and re- ample. ment and its important role in adding to newables. the strong historic and strategic relation- Through the agreement, Dr Yamani Saudi Initiatives ship between the UAE under the leadership said, King Abdullah City for Atomic and Masdar and King Abdullah City for of President His Highness Shaikh Khalifa Renewable Energy aims to diversify Saudi Atomic and Renewable Energy (known as Bin Zayed Al Nahyan and the Kingdom of Arabia’s energy sources. K.A.CARE) recently announced the con- Saudi Arabia. “We are delighted to sign this agreement clusion of an agreement to work together “Increased cooperation among GCC with Masdar, that has a proven track record to advance the development of renewable countries is crucial to advancing security, and demonstrated credible achievements energy and clean technology across the re- stability and sustainable growth through- during the last eight years in this emerg- gion. out the region,” said Shaikh Mohammad. ing sector. As renewable energy solutions The accord, which comes at a time of in- “Energy is fundamental to all economic approach grid parity, we are confident our creasing interest in renewables across the and social development. The enhanced co- combined efforts will contribute to the im- region, lays down a framework to jointly operation between Masdar and K.A.CARE plementation of renewable energy projects invest in clean energy projects and green will contribute to extending the region’s en- in the region and around the world,” he technology investment funds. It will also ergy leadership.” said. create opportunities for collaboration on Dr Al Jaber said: “Masdar shares many Since its establishment in 2006, Masdar the research and development of advanced strategic objectives with K.A.CARE. The has played an increasingly important role clean energy technologies, including solar, UAE is a pioneer in deploying renewable in extending Abu Dhabi’s energy leader- wind and water. energy and is also a major contributor to ship beyond hydrocarbons, by adopting General Shaikh Mohammad bin Zayed the international deployment of clean en- an integrated, holistic renewable energy Al Nahyan, Abu Dhabi Crown Prince and ergy. business model merging higher education, Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE “By sharing our knowledge and experi- research and development, investment and Armed Forces, attended the signing of the ence with K.A.CARE, we believe that, to- sustainable living. The company has -de strategic framework agreement in Abu gether, we can further advance the use of ployed close to 1GW of clean energy pro- Dhabi where it was signed by Dr Sultan renewables and ensure our long-term eco- jects in the UAE and around the world• Ahmad Al Jaber, Minister of State, Chair- nomic and energy security.” man of Masdar, and Dr Hashim Abdullah K.A.CARE was established in 2010 with

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 37 Report Airbus Helicopters signs record deal for 123 rotorcraft in China The five year contract with three general aviation operators landed during Chancel- lor Angela Merkel’s visit to Beijing general aviation enterprise focused on investing and developing the business of utility operations, is acquiring 18 units of the AS350 B3e, on top of their existing two AS350 B3e. The first four helicopters are scheduled to be delivered this year. The re- maining 14 aircraft are expected in the next two years, and Fengxiang intends to engage in multiple missions including aerial tours, business aviation and even HEMS. Airbus Helicopters signed a record deal for civil helicopters with three customers from vari- “The Ecureuil and EC135 are the most ous Chinese provinces successful light helicopters globally,” added Norbert Ducrot, President of Airbus Heli- During German Chancellor Angela Mer- country’s burgeoning helicopter market to copters China. “The agreements show that kel’s state visit in Beijing where she met realize its potential.” Chinese customers are making the right with Chinese Premier Li Keqiang, Airbus Fujian Xinmei GAC will be acquiring choice in selecting these aircraft types, Helicopters signed a record deal for 123 five units of the AS350 B3e to be - deliv which already occupy 60 percent of the civil helicopters with three customers from ered this year. Together with their existing light helicopters market in China.” various Chinese provinces. AS350 B3e acquired in 2012, Xinmei will Airbus Helicopters, formerly Eurocop- The rotorcraft will be used for general become one of the biggest operators of this ter, is a division of Airbus Group, a global aviation activities covering multiple mis- helicopter type in China. The company, pioneer in aerospace and defense related sions including utility work, aerial tours, whose core activities include agricultural services. Airbus Helicopters is the world’s passenger transport, business aviation, and utility missions, has also committed No. 1 helicopter manufacturer and employs emergency medical services and search and to an additional 50 units in the coming six more than 23,000 people worldwide. With rescue. years, made up of light single-engine and 46 percent market share in civil and para- The three contracts were signed with Fu- light twin-engine helicopters. public sectors, the company’s fleet in service jian Xinmei General Aviation Co. (GAC), Guangdong Baiyun GAC has placed includes some 12,000 helicopters operated Guangdong Baiyun GAC and Yunnan an order for 50 helicopters, consisting of by more than 3,000 customers in approxi- Fengxiang GAC. The total fleet of 123 Ecureuil and EC135 helicopters. An EC130 mately 150 countries. Airbus Helicopters’ helicopters comprises mainly light single- T2 from the Ecureuil family will be deliv- international presence is marked by its sub- engine helicopters from Airbus Helicopters’ ered this year; while the first three EC135 sidiaries and participations in 21 countries, Ecureuil family, as well as the light twin- T2e will arrive by April 2015. The remain- and its worldwide network of service cent- engine EC135. ing aircraft are expected in the country in ers, training facilities, distributors and certi- “We are grateful to the operators for the next five years, as Baiyun aims to grow fied agents. selecting Airbus Helicopters to be their its business in general aviation, particularly Airbus Helicopters’ range of civil and partner in developing the general aviation in the relatively new segments of helicop- military helicopters is the world’s largest; its market to serve China’s needs,” said Airbus ter emergency medical services (HEMS), aircraft account for one third of the world- Helicopters CEO Guillaume Faury. “It is search and rescue and corporate transpor- wide civil and parapublic fleet. The com- evident that China’s relaxation of its low- tation. pany’s chief priority is to ensure the safe altitude airspace regulations is enabling the Finally, Yunnan Fengxiang GAC, a new operation•

38 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | CAE wins defense contracts valued at $110 million Contracts provide a range of training systems and services for defense customers

CAE has won a series of contracts val- will include the addition of CAE’s latest ued at approximately C$110 million to generation CAE Medallion-6000 image provide a range of training systems and generator along with new high-resolution services for global defense customers. projectors and dome display systems for These include contracts to provide the the Eurofighter full-mission simulators T-6C ground-based training system and and Eurofighter cockpit trainers located services for the Royal New Zealand Air T-6C GBTS is part of an overall training in Laage, Norvenich, Wittmund and Force (RNZAF), a contract to upgrade solution Beechcraft is providing to the Neuburg, which are the four main Eu- the visual systems on the German Air RNZAF that includes 11 T-6C Texan II rofighter operating bases in Germany. Force’s Eurofighter simulators, a contract military trainer aircraft and 30 years of from Korea Aerospace Industries to pro- logistics support. Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI) vide the visual system for a T-50IQ full- “We are pleased to be partnering with Korea Aerospace Industries Ltd (KAI) mission simulator, and a contract to pro- Beechcraft to deliver the Royal New Zea- has contracted CAE to provide its CAE vide a KC-135 boom operator weapon land Air Force with a proven, low-risk Medallion-6000 image generator for a systems trainer for an undisclosed inter- and comprehensive integrated pilot train- T-50IQ full-mission simulator that KAI national customer. ing solution that cost-effectively meets is developing for the Iraqi Air Force. In “We are well positioned across a range their current and future pilot training late 2013, KAI signed a contract with of opportunities around the world, in- requirements,” said Colabatistto. the Government of Iraq to provide its T- volving defense and security forces that The two CAE-built T-6C operational 50IQ supersonic advanced jet trainer and increasingly recognize the benefits of flight trainers (OFTs) will include a highlight attack aircraft, including a ground- simulation-based training,” said Gene fidelity replica of the T-6C cockpit with based training system. In addition to Colabatistto, Group President, Defense a fully-enclosed 270 degree by 70 degree providing the CAE Medallion-6000 im- and Security, CAE. “CAE is a skilled and field-of-view display system driven by the age generator for the T-50IQ full-mission experienced training systems integrator, CAE Medallion-6000 image generator. simulator, CAE will provide a database and we are focused on pursuing long- The T-6C OFT will also feature the CAE- modeling station and support KAI with term, integrated training solutions.” developed common database (CDB), an integration and training services. open database architecture that enhances The CAE Medallion-6000 image gen- Beechcraft Defense Company/ the ability to correlate and rapidly update erator combines a proven, industry-lead- Royal New Zealand Air Force databases to support training and mis- ing feature set and image quality with the CAE was awarded contracts from the sion rehearsal requirements. The com- power and capabilities of the latest com- Beechcraft Defense Company LLC to de- prehensive T-6C GBTS will be delivered mercial-off-the-shelf graphics processors. velop and support a comprehensive T-6C to RNZAF Base Ohakea in 2015 and The CAE Medallion-6000 image genera- ground-based training system (GBTS) CAE will then provide on-site training tor provides training benefits such as: for the Royal New Zealand Air Force support services. • Extremely detailed virtual environ- (RNZAF). The T-6C GBTS will be an in- ments and realistic night scenes; tegrated training system that includes two German Air Force • Smooth dynamic shadows correlated to T-6C operational flight trainers, com- Germany’s Federal Office of Bundeswehr sun/moon positions; puter-based classroom training systems, Equipment, Information Technology • High resolution imagery and textures and courseware customized for RNZAF and In-Service Support (BAAINBw) has for enhanced fidelity; pilot training. CAE has established CAE contracted CAE to replace obsolete com- • Highest scene density on the market; New Zealand Pty Ltd to provide long- ponents and upgrade the visual systems • High-end sensor simulation capabili- term training support and maintenance on the German Air Force’s Eurofighter ties• services at RNZAF Base Ohakea. The simulators. The visual system upgrade

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 39 Interview

‏UAE’S REMARKABLE PROGRESS ‏Hamdan bin Zayed: ‏”I ‏ am pleased to point out that the UAE has assumed, in recent years, the lead in many of the specialized reports of international and regional institutions”

40 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | ‏ fThe strategy o the state aims to Nahyan, HH Sheikh Mohammed ‏His Highness Sheikh Hamdan achieve balanced sustainable devel- bin l Rashid A Maktoum, UAE Vice bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Ruler’s opment and ensure prosperity for President and Prime Minister and Representative in the Western citizens and strengthen the coun- Rulerf o Dubai, and Their High- try’s position regionally and globally. nesses Supreme Council Members Region and Chairman of the How does Your Highness view what rulersf o the Emirates, and HH Gen. Red Crescent Authority has giv- has been achieved and what are your Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al en a wide-ranging interview on expectations in light of political and Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dha- numerous achievements by the economic empowerment launched bi and Deputy Supreme Command- by His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin erf o the Armed Forces, as well as the UAE across the spectrum in- Zayed Al Nahyan? concerted efforts of citizens. cluding the Western Region vi- ‏The progress attained by our na- ‏TheAE U has achieved - in record sion and accomplishments. He tion s today i the fruit of a long pro- time and in accordance with interna- cessf o continuous challenges, hard tional standards - high rates of over- has stressed how progress and work, tireless effort and persever- all development in various fields, pride in the nation follows the ance,dy le b the founding father, after its GNP‏ ‏ jumped from only outstanding vision and tireless the late Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan AED6.5 billion only when the Union work of the founding father, the Al r Nahyan, afte he harnessed the was established in 1971, to AED 1.5 country’s wealth and potential, and trillion this year. The UAE has been late Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al dedicated himself and his life to ranked the 14th happiest country in Nahyan. He spoke to Editor-in- building the renaissance of the na- the world, and first among the Arab UAE’S REMARKABLE PROGRESS Chief, Staff Lieutenant-Colonel tion and the dignity of citizens, until countries in the second United Na- he achieved progress, prosperity, se- tions World Happiness Report in Yousef Juma Al Haddad. curity and stability for the UAE and 2013. its people. ‏Im o a pleased t point out that the By: Staff Lieutenant-Colonel ‏Comprehensive development UAE has assumed, in recent years, Yousef Juma AL Hadad, Editor- achievements continued thanks to the lead in many of the specialized the wise and generous leadership of reportsf o international and regional in-Chief to HH Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al institutions, especially in the indica-

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 41 Interview

eral role and empowerment? ‏The significant gains obtained by Emirati women at the national level, and the high position reached by them regionally and internationally, have not been y achieved b chance. Thanks to the Leaderf o Women Action, Her Highness Sheikha Fatima bint Mubarak, Chair- womanf o General Women’s Union, her pioneering efforts, strong will and solid determination have helped to overcome all obstacles and difficulties. ‏The past decade was a golden one. UAE women today occupy four seats in the cabinet, which is one of the highest f percentage o representation at the Arab level, and are represented by eight member women in the Federal National Council in its current session among its0 4 members, or 22 per cent, which is f also one o the highest percentages in f terms o representation of women in parliamentary institutions. ‏Moreover,n a Emirati lady is the first torsf o global competitiveness reports, top o priority t the establishment of in- womanoe t b a permanent representative which t classified i in the lists of the most frastructure for social development sec- of o the state t the United Nations, and progressive countries in the world in tors where infrastructure projects for four women are serving as ambassadors economics, business, infrastructure, hu- these important sectors had been limited of AE the U in Spain, Sweden and Mento- man development, tourism, transporta- in number and potential, even non-ex- mogera, s and a Consul General in Hong tion and communications, information, istent in some cities and regions. Kong, f out o 148 diplomats employed in culture, environment, and other indica- ‏The state continues efforts to exe- the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. tors of sustainable development. cute f more o these projects in all cities ‏We o would like t refer to the outstand- ‏I o cannot fail t note the position at- throughout the country. ing international achievement of the tainedy AE b the U in the international ‏For example, the huge financial funds UAE y this year b ranking first globally community,s a reflected by its winning allocatedy b the federal government for accordingo t the Social Progress Index, the o right t host Expo 2020. It is one of the f sectors o development and social which was launched by the World Eco- the largest and oldest exhibitions in the benefits in 2013 budget, which amount- nomic Forum’s Global Agenda Council. world,st a i dates back to 1851, and re- edo t AED22.7 billion which is 51 per ceives over six months, about 25 million cent of the total budget. ‏TheAE U leadership, government and visitors from all continents. ‏Since its inception, the UAE has taken people have always provided humanitar- ‏Whats i Your Highness’ evaluation significant steps on the path to wom- ian o assistance t the needy in various of the overall achievements in of social en’s empowerment. UAE women have partsf o the world which is one of the development and the level of public ser- achieved excellent results in all fields. main f pillars o its foreign policy. How vices y provided b the state to citizens in How does Your Highness evaluate Emi- can the state play an even greater role in various service sectors - especially edu- rati women’s achievements in political various areas and relief operations and cation, health, housing, social welfare participation through membership of reconstruction in the areas of crisis and and more? the Federal National Council? And what regional conflicts? ‏Since its inception the state has given are your thoughts regarding their gen- ‏In f view o the numerous initiatives of

42 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | ‏Throughout the past decade, our country has topped Human Develop- ment Reports issued annually by United Nations Development Program the lat- estf o which was 2013 report, which placedt i in second place regionally and 4st globally among 157 countries in the world. ‏It recorded very high rates in the level of long life, health, education, knowledge, f standard o living, per capita in- come, gender equality, social welfare, communication and technology. ‏The concrete reality clearly shows that our citizens enjoy well-being, prosperity, happiness, security and stability, and feel reassured about their lives in the future. I must point out here, in addition, that the t UAE, i has become a major center Disaster Emergency Committee (DEC). our state has maintained its position of for the United Nations and its humani- ‏The f volume o relief aid provided by first place in the Arab world, and ad- tarian organizations which have made the United Arab Emirates in 2013 alone vanced three positions globally in the Dubai a starting station from which to was more than US$5.2 billion. second survey, which was conducted by direct relief operations across the world ‏TheAE U enjoys a proud regional and the United Nations in 2013 to measure in f cases o disasters, calamities, armed international reputation thanks to our the f indicators o happiness and satisfac- conflicts, violence and wars. prudent leadership and its achievements tion among the nations of the world, to ‏It o was n coincidence that our country in development and prosperity of its citi- rank 14th. received the appreciation of the inter- zens and residents on its territory. What ‏Thankso t the insight of His Highness national community, and has assumed would Your Highness say to the citi- Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the top ranking as the leading donating zenso s that they would maintain these the Supreme Commander of the Armed nationf o relief assistance, according to achievements? Forces, our Armed Forces have become

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 43 Interview

currently witnessing the implementation of many projects which attracted large investment companies to the region - what are the implications of these developments for life in the region? ‏The comprehensive achievements achievedy b the Western Region in a short period, reflect the wise vision of His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, and his passion and interest in the development of all areas across the country and turning them into modern cities. ‏During the past five years, the West- ern Region has witnessed major break- throughso t upgrade its infrastructure a safety valve in the defense of the na- eas. o Add t this their participation in the in all its regions, provide high levels of tion and maintaining national interests fight against terrorism and piracy and basic services, especially in education, and rights. How does Your Highness their support for international efforts to health, housing and comprehensive so- view their role and participation abroad remove mines and cluster bombs left by cial development. in peacekeeping operations and aiding Israeli invasion forces in South Lebanon ‏The f value o the investment projects global stability? in 2007. that have been completed and are being ‏TheAEs U i a state of love and peace. ‏His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin implemented in many sectors is more It pursues consistent and clear strategies Zayedl A Nahyan, the Supreme Com- than AED 220 billion, where these pro- in its foreign policy. The most important manderf o the Armed Forces, issued the jects spread in a number of cities of the is its belief in the peaceful coexistence National Service Law, which has had a Western Region, especially in the cities between nations and peoples, and its positive impact in the hearts of citizens of Zayed, Ghayathi, Marfa’,Ruwais,Liwa, constant o calls t dialogue and peaceful and embodied the meanings of nation- Sila’ and Sir BaniYas. The cost of the meanso t resolve any differences or dis- al cohesion. What are Your Highness’ projects that have been invested in the putes n based o commitment to the prin- thoughts on the importance of this law? sector s oil and ga industry in the region ciplesf o the UN Charter and conven- ‏The National Service Act is an im- AED 125.73 and AED 57 billion in the tions, international laws and eagerness portant national decision that reflects energy,. to support security, stability and world that the protection of the homeland and ‏What are the most prominent features peace. preserving its sovereignty and national of the comprehensive plan for the devel- ‏TheAE U has built a modern strong gains is a sacred duty for every citizen. opmentf o the Western Region and what army equipped with integrated kit and ‏We highlight our support for the sin- are the plans that have been drawn up? gear, and enjoys high combat capacity, cere f efforts o the National and Reserve ‏The initiative for Western Region readiness and willingness to deal with all Service Authority and the positive steps Development Plan was launched in the global technical military developments it has carried out for the implementation contextf o the Overall Development Plan to defend the nation’s sanctities, terri- of this strategic law. It instills in them the of f the Emirate o Abu Dhabi until 2030, tory, sovereignty and independence. spiritf o discipline, order and responsi- where the volume of investments have ‏We remember proudly, the posi- bility.y The will always be ready on the ranged between AED 500 to AED600 tive and effective contributions of our front lines to defend the nation. billion, including more than AED100 Armed Forces along with the interna- ‏We look forward with confidence to billion allocated for the development of tional community to the UN peacekeep- the first batch of graduates. the Western Region. ing forces in many troubled countries ‏The Western Region has made, ‏The plan mainly aims to improve the and regions, including Lebanon, Koso- through the efforts of Your Highness, livesf o the citizens in those regions vo, Afghanistan, Somalia and other ar- many development achievements, and is throughn a integrated strategy that

44 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | seeks primarily to develop the public and higher education sector, upgrade and provide world-class health care, and provide the highest standards for sustainable infrastructure. ‏We have succeeded in attracting the attentionf o many major global investment companies and establishments that wishedo t partner for the construction of large strategic projects, mainly the con- structionf o the Nuclear Plants Project at Braka, Solar Plant Project in Ruwais, the Union Train Project, the Strategic Road Project linking Mafraq and Ghuwaifat, and others in the economic, trade and infrastructure sectors. ‏Planso t accelerate the development of the Western Region include establishing go tw industrial zones in Ruwais and Zayed n cities o 16.4 square kilometers, creating about 43 jobs. ‏The Western Region is ideal location for tourism. What are the major tourism projects that have been completed and what is coming up? ‏We have made the tourism sector a fundamental pillar for growth and devel- opmentf o the Western Region considering the tourism resources and potential of the region. They include unique and charming nature that combines views of the sea, golden sandy beaches, beautiful green oases and yellow desert sand that extendso t the edge of the Empty Quar- HH Sheikh Hamdan speaks to Nation Shield Editor in Chief ter. There are also historical archaeologi- cal areas whose history dates back mil- of Jebel Dhanna, where the volume of Bin l Sultan A Nahyan, which embodied lions of years. investments in public and private sector all f meanings o nobility, benevolence, ‏During the past few years a number exceeds AED 11.5 billion. generosity and giving. of outstanding world-class tourism pro- ‏More than three decades have elapsed ‏The f total cost o projects and chari- jects have been completed, including the since the establishment of the Red Cres- tabled an humanitarian programs car- Desert Islands Resort on Sir Bani Yas Is- cent Authority. How does Your High- ried y out b the Red Crescent, since its land, the heritage touristic hotel Qasr Al ness view its achievements and the chal- inception up to 2013, is more than AED Sarab in Liwa, Tilal Liwa Hotel, which lenges it faces? 8 billion that provided aid to nearly 100 overlooks the landscapes of the Empty ‏The f founding o the Red Crescent countries. Quarter desert and lush gardens that Authority in January, 1983, is a true characterize the area of Liwa, in addition translationf o the vision and thought of to the world-class City Mall. the generous humane personality of the ‏The project Desert Island in the area founding father, the late Sheikh Zayed

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 45 Issue File

‏”Rumors” in Social Networking and their Negative Impact ‏Involve political, economic and social dimensions and affect the security and stability of communities

‏The call by His Highness General Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, in which he denied the rumors through social networking about the health of the UAE President, His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, may God protect him, and called for caution and verification when conveying information and news via these means, is a vital way to reconsider the approach employed by many people in the use of social networking.

46 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | networking relating to food security, about the f presence o Syrian meat that is injected with carcinogenic substances in the mar- ketsf o Abu Dhabi, which has been denied by Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority, denying the presence of any kind of Syrian meat in the markets of the emirate. ‏The proliferation of these kinds of rumors in turn raises many questions: What is a rumor? How does it impact on the national security of the state in general? Whats i the role of social networking in spreading rumors? And how to respond to such rumors? ‏The f Concept o the Rumors and the f Role o Social Networking in their Dissemination nfI this issue o the “Nation Shield”, we ad- information about the health of His High- ‏A rumor is just a fast moving “message”, dress rumors through social networking ness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, intendedo t bring about confusion or cha- and o how t employ modern technology UAE President, the Supreme Commander oso t achieve objectives that are mostly de- without slipping into the trap of abuse of of the Armed Forces, may God protect structive, because they exploit the public’s the nation’s security and stability. him, which prompted HH Gen. Sheikh curiosityo t know the news in an attempt ‏While social networking has become Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown to achieve their circulators’ targeted influ- onef o the important tools of the so-called Princef o Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme ence, especially in times of crisis. social r media, o new or alternative media, Commanderf o the Armed Forces, to deny Rumors spread and their promoters be- its i yet a source of threat to the national these rumors, stressing that “the news cir- come t active a “risk predicted times,” i.e. securityf o the States and communities, in culated recently across social networking timesf o war, disasters and chaos, because viewf o its adverse investment in spread- sites about the health of His Highness, the people expect evil during these times. The ing rumors and malicious lies. Rumors UAE President, is untrue. These are just dangerous thing is that rumors spread have even benefitted more than ever from rumors, and the fact is that he is in good these days easily, not only due to the grow- modern means of communication, as is health, thank God.” H.H. called everyone ing f numbers o users of social networking, happening in trading rumors in financial toe b careful and cautious about any con- markets and elsewhere through e-mails veyed information and news, so that our and mobile phones. A rumor may cause a usef o social networking is for the collapsert o a least a significant decline in goodf o our society and nation, the performance of stock markets. prayingo t Allah Almighty to ‏The United Arab Emirates, since it rep- perpetuate the blessings of resents a successful model in governance security, stability, progress and development, management and capi- and prosperity in our be- tal market, has recently become a target of loved country. multiple rumors with the aim of distort- ‏If these tendentious ing this model, shaking its image abroad rumors have targeted or provoking panic and confusion at home the symbol and presi- among the different groups of society. dentf o the nation, an- Some rumors have spread that target sym- other rumor has spread bolsf o the UAE, such as the false news and through the sites of social

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 47 Issue File but also because events and developments in the region provide a fertile environment for growth and reproduction of lies. ‏Rumors and their impact on the National Security of States and Communities Rumors via social networks can be classified in terms of the objectives of their circulation into two parts: First, rumors directedt a a specific target, like marketing or advertising. Second, rumors that have repercussionsn o the national security of the states and communities. These rumors have varied sources and targets and may be f the product o persons, third parties or major companies. ‏Rumors are one of the tools of the fourth-generation wars. They are one of the f tools o modern warfare. Certain en- tities that belong to some countries may circulate some rumors about the leader- shipsf o a nation or the economic conditions in some country in order to achieve a f set o objectives that serve the state promoting the rumor. The wars of the fourth generation involve a vital variable, i.e. that the threat comes from within through the employmentf o specific internal elements and factors that are agitated by rumors and other tools in order to achieve the objec- tivesf o these war and those who launch them. Hence come the importance of deepening the values o f belonging and loy- altyo t the nation as well as rallying around the f banner o the nation and its leadership. ‏The f impact o Rumors on the these icons are highly beloved by the vari- National Security of the United ous f segments o people, like HH Sheikh ‏WhyeAEs th U i targeted by Ru- Arab Emirates Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President mors? ‏This f kind o rumor that has recently tar- of the State, may God protect him, rumors ‏The United Arab Emirates, as previously geted AEs the U i a direct threat to its na- then aim to destabilize the country. noted represents a successful model in de- tional t security a the political, economic, 3 y‏- The attempt to destabilize the eco- velopment, good governance and effective social and food levels: nomic security of the state, through dis- administration. Therefore, due to its wide 1 ‏– Rumors provoke panic and dread in seminating misleading information about openness and economic freedom that al- the hearts of members of the community. the financial markets and the stock market. lows f hundreds o international companies 2 y‏– The affect the cohesion of the politi- 4 yo‏– The attempt t tarnish the image of to n work o its territory, it has been suscep- cal regime, especially when related to the the o country t the outside world, through tibleo t rumors that attempt to affect this iconsf o the state, and the political leader- the f broadcast o malicious rumors about model. ship, their impact would be stronger. When the f situation o foreign workers, human

48 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | rights and public freedoms in the country. 3 t‏– A the security level. The concerned to adopt a positive approach to a positive authorities should prosecute purveyors of proactive media approach, as was done ‏Howo t Deal with Rumors and these rumors through social networks and by H.H. the Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, Contain their Effects bring them to trial. whene h denied the rumors immediately ‏Dueo t the danger of rumors to the nation- 4 t‏ – A the legislative and legal level, in clear and explicit words since H.H. real f security o the UAE, there is an urgent through the strict application of the maxi- alizes the danger of leaving such rumors needo t deal quickly and effectively with mum penalties prescribed by the law of the affect the public. them any and try to stop their circulation, UAE for rumor purveyors, whether inten- and this requires action at the following tionallyr o unintentionally, to be receive levels: just punishment. 1 ‏- The official level, through the issu- 5 t‏ – A the religious and moral Level, ancef o a statement from the competent through more religious awareness to mem- authority,o t clarify the nature of this ru- bersf o the community, on the grounds mor (honest / false). The initiative of His that s rumor i contrary to the teachings of Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Islam, because religion is keen on the safe- Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi tyf o the community from all that affects and Deputy Supreme Commander of the its members, including bad ethics, false be- Armed o Forces t deny rumors related to liefsr o negative behavior. The Qur’an and the f health o the head of state during the Sunnah have warned against rumors in past few days provides a good example of many verses and traditions. The Prophet, how to deal decisively with such rumors. peacee b upon him, said: “A Muslim is one 2 t‏- A the grassroots level. fMembers o who keeps other Muslims safe from his society should take care not to circulate tongue and hand.” any news that comes to them through so- 6 t‏– A the media level, especially because cial r networks o their smart phones before some media outlets have recently turned they check the official sources of the news inadvertently into promoters of rumors, by in the country. circulating unverified. It is also necessary

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 49 Strategy

The UAE and the GCC are fac- THE UAE’S APPROACH TO REGIONAL SECURITY Internal and external foes are seeking our security. It also requires the UAE to ing a rapidly changing security to exploit this instability to further their maintain capable military forces with the own dangerous goals. These dynamics ability to respond rapidly to a variety of environment. After three years, are posing a serious challenge to regional security contingencies. While the UAE the Arab world is still struggling peace and risk undermining the estab- can rely on strong allies to safeguard re- lished regional balance of power. gional security, it needs to maintain the with the effects of the political At the same time, the global balance of ability to respond forcefully to all local instability and violent extremism power is being transformed by the rise of threats. new actors that are willing to challenge •Moderation: The UAE champions a that was triggered by the protest the status quo. This is causing conflict moderate agenda at home and abroad wave of 2011. and tension from Eastern Europe to the that fosters reconciliation and opposes South China Sea. While posing no direct extremism in all of its forms. At home, challenge to the UAE, these global power the UAE’s tolerant society is based on By: shifts and the instability they beget are respect for other religions and people Dr. Anwar Mohammed generating powerful spillover effects that and opposes all forms of discrimination. are affecting the region. The UAE’s acknowledged leadership on Gargash These dangerous regional and global women’s right in the region is testimony Minister of State for Foreign changes are reinforcing each other. By to this culture of moderation. Abroad, deepening uncertainty amongst regional the UAE seeks to foster moderation by Affairs and global actors, they are encouraging working with moderate forces and sup- brinkmanship behavior and increasing porting international efforts to counter the risk of miscalculations. The UAE violent extremism. and the GCC are profoundly affected by •Non-interference: The UAE embraces these changes, which foster the need to the principle of non-interference in do- continuously recalibrate the regional se- mestic affairs as enshrined by the UN curity architecture. Charter and the Charter of the Arab League and respects the sovereignty and Pillars of Regional Stability territorial integrity of other countries. The UAE’s approach to regional security This principally means that the UAE rests on six well-defined pillars that are considers Arab Affairs to be first and fostering regional stability and prosperity foremost a matter for the Arab League and provide the basis for amicable rela- and opposes undue outside meddling in tions with our neighbors. These pillars the Arab world. Arab problems should provide the foundation for our common be solved by Arabs. It also means that security and help to foster growth and Arab countries should refrain from un- development across the region. invited interference in the domestic af- •Domestic Strength: To play an active fairs of their fellow Arab countries. This and constructive role on regional secu- is key to amicable regional relations. rity issues requires above all strength and •Regional Balance of Power: The UAE cohesion at home. To this end, the UAE seeks a regional balance of power in the needs to maintain its economic strength Arabian Gulf that enables friendly and and dynamism, which are crucial drivers reciprocal relations between all countries. of domestic cohesions and regional sta- The UAE considers all attempts to chal- bility. Our economic dynamism is key to lenge this balance, whether by internal or

50 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | THE UAE’S APPROACH TO REGIONAL SECURITY external actors, as damaging to its inter- sequence of complex regional and global ests and to the interests of the region. The changes we witnessed in recent years. UAE therefore seeks a balanced relation- The global balance Most severe amongst these challenges ship between all powers in the region and of power is being has been the emergence of a new wave opposes any bids to regional hegemony of extremism. Extremist actors have been that would inevitably pose a challenge to transformed by the able to exploit changes in the regional its freedom and independence. and global environment and are threat- •External Balancers: The UAE main- rise of new actors ening the status quo in several countries tains close ties with a number of coun- in the region. These events are fuelling tries with which it shares a history of that are willing sectarianism across the region and serve friendship and a common interest in as a magnet for extremists. This has also maintaining an open and stable regional to challenge the encouraged dangerous extremist forces in environment. In addition, the UAE is al- status quo the UAE and other Gulf states. To ward ways open to consider partnerships with against these dangers it is necessary for countries that have not been previously all countries in the region to unite behind active in the region, or are otherwise a common agenda that clearly denounces emerging as responsible international The UAE embraces extremism and sectarianism in all of its actors. The UAE cooperates closely with forms. Arab countries need to rally be- these countries, including on security is- the principle of hind moderate forces that provide the sues, in pursuit of common interests and best hope for the future. based on shared values, with the aim non-interference in Competition for hegemony amongst of ensuring a stable regional balance of regional powers remains another impor- power. domestic affairs as tant security challenge for the region. The •Multilateral Structures: Effective mul- use of conflicts in the region as a proxy tilateralism is key to ensuring peaceful enshrined by the for the rivalry amongst major powers relations amongst nations and upholding UN Charter and remains an important source of regional common international legal norms. To instability and conflict. Therefore, for the ensure an effective multilateral system, the Charter of the UAE, Iran’s occupation of the islands, the UAE plays an active role in several Abu Musa, Greater Tunb and Lesser multilateral organizations, including the Arab League Tunb, remains a major point of conten- Arab League, the GCC, and the UN. The tion. The UAE seeks a peaceful resolution UAE seeks to strengthen the ability of of this conflict through either direct ne- these organizations to play an effective gotiations or international arbitration. To role in conflict management and reso- Arab problems this end, the more conciliatory language lution and participates actively in their of the current Iranian government is en- work on regional crises, such as the on- should be solved couraging, but needs to be followed by going conflict in Syria. concrete action. by Arabs The withdrawal of international troops New Challenges to Regional Se- from Iraq and Afghanistan and the emer- curity gence of alternatives to oil and gas from At present, the Gulf region is facing a the Arabian Gulf have led to speculations number of prominent challenges that are that the region might witness a rollback threatening regional security and cooper- of the presence of the US in the region. ation. These challenges are a direct con- Talk of an American pivot to Asia has

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 51 Strategy further underpinned the misconcep- recognize that it is in its own interest to security. To ward against this threat it is tion of an American withdrawal from come to a just and stable solution to the important for Arab countries to adopt the region. These speculations embolden crisis. Failure to resolve this long-stand- common guidelines on how to tackle ter- possible challengers and might lead to ing problem peacefully and amicably will rorism in all of its forms, as called for at dangerous miscalculations that threaten only provide an opening to extremists on the recent Arab League summit in Ku- regional peace. The UAE is confident of both sides and spawn further conflict. wait this year and to deny safe haven to the commitment of the US and its other On top of these traditional challenges wanted individuals and provocateurs. international partners in the region and to regional security, the region faces also a Transnational crime is a challenge to our continues to maintain close and confi- number of non-traditional security chal- social and economic wellbeing. Non-state dent relations with them concerning re- lenges that threaten our economic well- actors, such as pirates at sea and criminal gional security issues. being and the stability of our societies. syndicates, represent a new and growing Israel’s occupation of Palestine contin- The proliferation of WMD, in particular, challenge to regional security. ues to be another important driver for is a key danger for regional and interna- extremism, conflict, and instability across tional security. In this respect, the UAE The UAE’s Response to Em the region. The UAE is deeply concerned welcomes the talks between the P5+1 and erging Threats about the recent breakdown in the US- Iran that seek to address the concerns of In order to check these challenges to se- led peace talks and will do all it can to the international community over Iran’s curity and ensure a stable system in the help bring the talks back on track. The nuclear weapons program. An airtight, region, the UAE is leading the regional main impediment remains the issue of sustainable solution to this issue is im- and international response on three lev- Israeli settlements, which are illegal un- portant to avoid the dangers of a poten- els. der international law. Israel needs to tial regional arms race. International ter- First, the UAE, together with its part- rorism remains another threat to regional

52 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | ners, seeks to strengthen the ability of the tries to step up their preparedness against ensuring regional and global security. region to respond collectively to security common security challenges. Relations with NATO represent an im- challenges. The UAE is also playing a Second, the UAE is seeking to bolster portant vector for the UAE’s multilateral leading role in the creation of a GCC Se- multilateral partnerships that are key to engagement on security issues. By taking curity Academy able to foster a common an active and constructive role in the UN security culture in the region. The UAE and within the Arab League, the UAE considers it crucial for all GCC coun- seeks to bolster the ability of these organizations to act effectively and with le- gitimacy on international security issues. Finally, bilateral security partnerships with key global powers continue to provide a cornerstone of our common security. With power increasingly dispersed internationally, the UAE has sought to deepen and widen the range of its security partnerships. Conclusion By uniting around our common values and principles, the UAE can ensure that it remains an island of stability in the current regional turmoil. The guarantee of stability, of economic prosperity, and of an open and international outlook, allows the UAE to maintain the confidence and trust of its closest neighbors and partners, and of the wider international community. This puts the UAE in a position where it can continue to play an active and effective role on regional security issues in the region and the wider world, which is valued and appreciated by all our partners. Above all, this serves the interests of all UAE citizens who benefit from a secure and stable regional environment and prepares the UAE for the rapid changes the regional and global security environment is currently experiencing•

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 53 Researches Raytheon EKV ballistic missile destroys target in space First successful intercept for latest variant

A ground-based interceptor roars into the sky carrying a Raytheon-built Exoatmos- pheric Kill Vehicle on June 22, 2014 ... the kill vehicle destroyed a simulated ballistic missile high over the Pacific Ocean.

Raytheon’s EKV destroyed an intercontinental ballistic missile target in space, marking the first successful intercept for the latest variant of the EKV and the ninth for the overall program. The intercontinental ballistic missile target used in the test was launched from the Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile De- fense Test Site on Kwajalein Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, while the Ground-based missiles.” Key subcontractors include: Interceptor was fired from Vandenburg The intercept took place during a Mis- • Northrop Grumman (strategic part- Air Force Base in California. sile Defense Agency test of Boeing’s ner) - fire control and communications Once in space, the interceptor released Ground-based Midcourse Defence Sys- products as well as support to systems en- the EKV, which identified the target, tem, which is designed to protect the US gineering, systems testing and operations tracked it and destroyed it. EKVs carry no against long-range ballistic missile attack and sustainment warheads and eliminate targets by force of by destroying incoming threats in space. • Raytheon - GBI Exoatmospheric Kill impact alone. vehicles (EKVs) “This is an important moment for our Partner • Orbital ATK - GBI booster vehicles nation (US),” said Dr. Taylor W. Law- As prime contractor since 1998, Boeing Boeing continues to lead the industry rence, president of Raytheon Missile Sys- has partnered with the US Missile De- team for GMD development, integration, tems. “The successful test reflects the tire- fense Agency in the design, development, testing, operations and sustainment ac- less systems-engineering work by a joint integration, test and sustainment of all tivities under the Development and Sus- government-industry team to ensure the GMD components. tainment Contract, which was awarded in US is protected from long-range ballistic December 2011. The company will con-

54 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | Raytheon EKV ballistic missile destroys target in space

Raytheon’s vice president of Air and Mis- sile Defense Systems. Confidence A target missile launch was not planned for this flight test. After performing fly out maneuvers, the three-stage booster deployed the Exoatmospheric Kill Vehi- cle to a designated point in space. After separating from the booster, the Exoat- mospheric Kill Vehicle executed a variety of pre-planned maneuvers to collect performance data in space. “This is the most complex missile defense mission in the world, and it requires the most advanced kill vehicle in Raytheon supplies the EKV for the Ground Based Interceptor program the world,” said Steve Nicholls, Raytheon’s EKV program director. “The EKV per- tinue to build on its experience of sup- sign, known as the “CE II” variant. formed extremely well today, and I have porting the Missile Defense Agency as The EKV locks on and eliminates high- great confidence that we’ll be able to move prime contractor for the program. speed ballistic missile warheads in space toward an intercept flight test this year.” Under rigorous testing, the GMD sys- using nothing more than the sheer force The EKV leverages more than two dec- tem has demonstrated impressive capabil- of impact, known as a “hit-to-kill” de- ades of expertise in kill vehicle technolo- ities, including the ability to shoot down fense. gy. It has an advanced, multi-color sensor an incoming ballistic missile. The system “Raytheon is 100 per cent committed that detects and discriminates incoming has achieved a total of eight successful and invested in providing innovative, reli- warheads from other objects. The vehi- intercept tests, including three successful able kill vehicles for the protection of the cle also carries its own propulsion, com- intercept tests with operationally-config- US,” said Wes Kremer, vice president of munications link, guidance and control ured interceptors. Flight testing is sched- Air and Missile Defense Systems. system, as well as computers to support uled to continue. “Today is proof that we have fully re- target selection and intercept. In addition, Boeing continues develop- solved the issues discovered in previous “Raytheon supports a robust EKV ment of the two-stage interceptor in or- tests, and I am confident in the system redesign that further increases reliabil- der to provide a hedge against the long deployed today.” ity, testability and maintainability of the range ballistic missile threat. Boeing and Kremer said Raytheon supports the fleet,” Kremer said. “We know exactly MDA have executed a successful two- need for a redesign to the current EKV, what it will take to mature the EKV from stage launch, fly-out and data collection which was originally deployed by presi- its prototype status into a mature, consist- mission. dential decree in prototype status in 2004. ently performing program, and we can do “Today’s test allowed us to challenge the it while significantly reducing costs.” Latest design EKV in a series of realistic outer-space The performance of the EKV in this test environments, which gives us a broad Space factory builds on last year’s successful non-inter- range of data prior to moving toward That sentiment was echoed by Sharon cept flight test and validates the latest dean intercept scenario,” said Wes Kremer, Walk, director of Raytheon’s Space Sys-

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 55 Researches tems Operations, who oversees the Space every 27 seconds. tools that go through a special rinsing Factory where the EKV and Standard “We have some very key people here process. Workers with colds aren’t even Missile-3 kill vehicles are made. and key infrastructure that doesn’t exist allowed in the clean rooms for fear they On the outskirts of Tucson, Arizona, anywhere else,” said Walk. might sneeze and cause contamination. one of the cleanest factories in the world The Space Factory and its clean room Raytheon opened the factory in 2002 runs a one-of-a-kind operation: creating technologies have helped make Raythe- after the US government tasked the com- rocket-propelled “kill vehicles” that hunt on the world leader in space-based kill pany with building a system to counter down and destroy ballistic missiles in vehicles. The company has decades of the rising threat of long-range ballistic space. experience building interceptors for the missiles. It designed and rapidly deployed Here, workers in clean-room suits as- Ground-Based Midcourse Defense sys- an exoatmospheric kill vehicle prototype semble optics and sensors so sensitive tem and the Standard Missile-3, and it is two years later. that they can pick out warheads against now expanding the Space Factory to de- The prototype model is now flying on the blackness of space from hundreds of velop the next generation of kill vehicles. the ground-based interceptor missiles miles away. Others install tiny thrusters so In the factory, stainless steel is the metal used by the Ground-Based Midcourse accurate they can steer into the path of a of choice for the myriad of test chambers Defense system. The company has contin- missile moving at 17,000 mph. used to simulate the chill of space. Sen- ued to refine its designs, and the kill ve- This is Raytheon’s Space Factory, a sors throughout the building constantly hicle now used on the Standard Missile-3 workshop that is like no other in the measure air pressure, humidity and mi- incorporates these advances. world. Cleaning crews constantly clean croscopic particles of dirt. the floors and scrub surfaces with alcohol Even the dirtiest areas are cleaner than Expertise wipes. Pumps replace the air in some labs an operating room, and technicians use “Over time, we were able to leverage knowledge from the prototype and ex- cles,” Wagner said. “We’ve built the infra- automation and is expected to be finished pand that into the SM-3 product line, structure of air handling and test equip- by year-end. producing three variants,” Walk said. The ment that’s second to none.” “We invented the business of building latest SM-3 variant achieved five-for-five The factory is divided into three cleanli- kill vehicles to defend the free world, and intercepts last year. ness classes. Only four to five people are we’re now ready to employ our collective Cleanliness is key to Raytheon’s success allowed in the most restrictive zone. knowledge, expertise and infrastructure because a kill vehicle’s optics and sensors But machinery and cleanliness aren’t to take it to the next level,” Walk said. have to be absolutely clear to pick out the only unique things about the Space Raytheon kill vehicles are built by the fast-moving targets against a field of stars, Factory. The people who work in the labs same engineers using the same equip- said Vic Wagner, director of advanced kill have spent decades perfecting intercep- ment, and the lessons learned on the vehicles for Raytheon Air and Missile De- tor technology, a specialty shared by no highly successful SM-3 program will be fense Systems. other company in the world. In Tucson applied to future generations of EKV, ac- “We’re measuring photons. That’s how they rub elbows with the world’s foremost cording to Walk. tight we are,” he said. missile designers as well. “We have the talent, technology and Makers of computer chips only have to “It truly is a fertile ground and spring- manufacturing equipment to not only protect flat wafers, but the Space Factory board for sharing knowledge,” Walk said. support current designs, but also to stay has to keep three-dimensional objects To prepare for the next-generation kill ahead of future ones,” Walk said• clean – a far more difficult task, Wagner vehicle, the company is expanding the fac- said. tory by almost 6,500 square feet and add- Credit: www.raytheon.com “A clean room in the semiconductor ing an even cleaner “microenvironments” industry is not designed to build kill vehi- area. The new addition will include more Researches Drones the future? Unmanned combat aerial vehicles may decide outcome of wars

The prevalence and use of unmanned systems continue to grow rapidly. The past decade of conflict has seen the greatest increase in unmanned aircraft systems, primarily performing ISR missions. Their use of unmanned systems in the other domains is growing as well.

Global Hawk Block 30- A combat-proven HALE UAS

Unmanned systems have proven they can versatility, survivability, and reduced risk well below that of current standoff sys- enhance situational awareness, reduce to human life, and in many cases are the tems- cruise missiles, for example. Dur- human workload, improve mission per- preferred alternatives especially for mis- ing Operation Desert Fox, a 70-hour joint formance, and minimize overall risk to sions that are characterized as dull, dirty, military operation in December 1998 both civilian and military personnel, and or dangerous. Training an ordinary mili- to destroy military and security targets all at a reduced cost. The capabilities of tary pilot takes many years and millions in Iraq, Navy ships fired more than 325 unmanned systems are not unique over of dollars, while creating a drone takes far Tomahawk cruise missiles, and Air Force manned systems. Weapon systems pro- less time and money. Furthermore, per- B-52s launched more than 90 AGM-86C duce same effects in nearly all domains, sonnel operating them are based well be- conventional air launched cruise missiles independent of being manned or un- hind their troop positions and will never (CALCM). manned. get hurt in fighting. UCAV proponents contend that re- According to Col Robert E. Chapman moving the operator from the weapons- Survivability II, USAF, UCAVs employing direct-at- delivery vehicle confers design advan- Unmanned systems provide persistence, tack munitions could reduce costs per kill tages over manned aircraft. Firstly, since

58 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | SHADOW unmanned vehicle from Textron

flectivity and a significant contributor to radar signature, would further enhance UCAV survivability. UCAV advocates as- sert that smaller vehicle sizes may have even greater survivability implications in the future as new detection and tracking technologies mature. Finally, without the risk of aircrew loss, vehicle attrition becomes less oner- ous from both a moral and a political standpoint. One could task UCAVs for high-risk, high-payoff missions without attendant risk to human life. As a result, UCAVs could expand the range of coer- cive options available to both civilian and Dassault formation Flight - nEUROn & Rafale military leaders. It’s also stressed that a fleet of low ob- vehicle loss does not pose an inherent risk Operational advantages servable (LO) UCAVs could contribute to human life, design margins can be re- UCAV supporters also cite several poten- to the success of an air campaign in a duced below the traditional 150 per cent tial operational advantages over manned number of ways. UCAVs could provide a design load factor traditionally used for systems, pointing out that smaller vehicle powerful “day one” force enabler by con- manned aircraft. Lower design margins sizes yield greater range and endurance. ducting destruction of enemy air defens- lead to reductions in structural weight. Additionally, smaller vehicles possess in- es (DEAD) and suppression of enemy air Secondly, the elimination of pilot-sup- herent survivability advantages because defenses (SEAD) missions. port systems, such as egress mechanisms radar cross-section and infrared signa- UCAVs could also be used to supple- and environmental controls, also reduces tures are reduced. ment deep-penetration strike aircraft, weight and complexity. Collectively, these They argue that the absence of the such as the B-2 and F-117, by conduct- savings can result in smaller vehicle sizes. cockpit, typically a large area of radar re- ing conventional attacks against strategic

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 59 Researches

The X-47B Unmanned Combat Air System (UCAS) demonstrator taxies on the flight deck of the aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Tru- man-2 fixed targets and enemy centers of gravity. Watch and Northern Watch. Like many allied countries, the US Although the Air Force currently oper- Additionally, UCAVs might reduce de- Government is in a process of restructur- ates LO platforms capable of conducting mands on support assets such as combat ing its armed forces to account for both this mission, the Navy does not. A carri- search and rescue (CSAR) forces. These the budget deficit and the requirements er-based LO UCAV could provide naval scarce resources, characterized as high- of future conflict. It currently has around aviators with a long-sought, survivable, demand/low-density assets, are tasked 11,000 UAVs in its stocks. day-one, deep-strike capability. with the hazardous mission of recovering downed aircrew members. Shopping trip Time-critical targets In the event of a UCAV loss, CSAR While cost always seems to be the tallest And operating as part of a general air efforts would be unnecessary. Reduc- hurdle when it comes to equipping mili- campaign, long-loiter UCAVs could ing rescue requirements directly lowers taries, the price tag of acquiring basic un- provide a persistent presence to rapidly the risk of CSAR force attrition. Lastly, manned platforms continues to fall, and strike time-critical targets such as mobile UCAVs could enhance a theatre com- is a chief reason for the shopping trip that surface-to-surface missile systems or ar- mander’s ability to maintain a robust air the rest of the world is planning to take. mored vehicles out of garrison. Besides campaign in the presence of chemical or Access to either technological expertise carrying missiles and cameras, many biological agents because these vehicles or development, or indeed the ability to UAVs also have lasers that can pinpoint would obviate the inefficiencies imposed manufacture in lieu of expertise, is al- targets to manned pilots. by aircrew physiological-support require- ready proving a worry to western govern- UCAVs might also play an important ments in such an environment. ments. role in low intensity conflict or contin- Interestingly, it is on the very cusp Iran recently unveiled what it claimed gency operations. Low observability, long of this global upswing that the US – to be a successful copy of the US RQ- endurance, and the absence of pilot sup- the leading developer and employer 170 it captured in 2011. Iranian officials port are ideal attributes for long-duration of UCAVs – is taking a step back from announced that it had decoded and re- missions in hostile or contested airspace. further large-scale investment into the verse-engineered the aircraft. Photos that Proponents envision UCAVs conducting capability. At the height of the boom in emerged from China in 2013 also seemed armed-reconnaissance missions, patrol- unmanned systems, the UCAV was seen to show replicated RQ-170s. ling the skies over hostile territory, and as a game-changer, but with a pivot in the Of course, in either case there is no sol- holding enemy targets at risk in a man- operational landscape and the reality of id evidence that the internal systems have ner similar to missions currently ongoing constrained budgets, justifying the same been successfully reproduced, but specu- over Iraq as part of Operations Southern levels of expense is difficult. lation suggests that the two nations may

60 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | have teamed up in efforts to build some- Russian UCAVs thing that is at least close enough to the The Russian Air Force is to receive Drone fighters original model to have a wider impact on its first unmanned combat air vehicles strategic planning. Several weeks before (UCAVs) into service by 2020, with test- are able to tackle the Iranian announcement, tensions in ing provisionally scheduled for 2017. Southeast Asia were done no favours by Successful US operations using drone strategic tasks the discovery of rudimentary reconnais- aircraft in Pakistan and Afghanistan because they sance UAVs in South Korea, later deter- spurred Russia to revive its development mined to have been launched by North program. are difficult to Korea and built with Chinese parts. According to Deputy Defense Minister Armed variants are almost inevitable. Yury Borisov, research and development detect and have Adding to the issue is the willingness of work for this project is now nearly com- some advanced nations to begin export- plete. Drone fighters are able to tackle better combat ing their products for profit to countries strategic tasks because they are difficult that are otherwise unable – or legally re- to detect and have better combat sustain- sustainability than stricted – from developing the capability, ability than manned aircraft. manned aircraft then sharing access to that technology to There are over 600 types of unmanned third parties. aerial vehicles produced in the world to- The biggest question mark remains in day, including 25 in Russia. A mere 20 tended to spend 320 billion rubles (about the validity of the unmanned system in years ago, Moscow was an undisputed $8.8 billion) by 2020 on a program of tomorrow’s operational environment. Af- leader in this field. In the 1980s, it man- supplying the Russian armed forces with ghanistan presented a scenario in which ufactured 950 Tu-143 reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicles. It is not clear the adversary was without an air force or UAVs alone. However, the Defense Min- which specific UAVs this money will be major air defence capability, and UCAVs istry then wound up drone production. used to purchase. could operate largely without resistance. It was the Americans who prompted UCAVs may therefore be an area that By the latter stages of the campaign, in- the Russian military to revive the pro- the US and its allies are perfectly right to surgents were acquiring electronic jam- gram. Successful US operations with the lower down the priority list for military mers to try to combat the systems, hint- use of UAVs in Afghanistan and Pakistan spending. This strategy does not however ing at the efforts being done by other have shown that no war of the future can imply that funding will dry up altogether nations to readdress the balance. be conducted without drones. Another since countries like Russia are investing Now, there is less likelihood of western impulse behind Russia’s drive to develop in the technology. Indeed, the unmanned forces re-engaging in a large-scale coun- its own UCAVs may be the 2008 war in system continues to provide invaluable terinsurgency campaign on the ground, South Ossetia. When the Russian De- influence in campaigns, and in a - sup and perhaps more likelihood that the fense Ministry saw that the Georgian side port role for both national and partnered next major conflict will take place in a was using drones, it concluded that this forces. contested environment. As previously type of aircraft was essential for the new The revolt in Libya, the ongoing strug- explored, the notion of replacing all century. That same year, the first tender gle in Nigeria, and the fight against the manned aircraft with a pilotless or- re for developing UCAVs was announced. illicit drug trade in Latin America are mote alternative is currently impractical It was awarded to several design bureaus. just a few examples in which unmanned for a host of reasons. The Yakovlev design bureau presented systems have been proving their worth Alongside the rise of any new weapon drafts of an unmanned combat air vehi- outside of conventional warfare in recent comes the rise of a countermeasure, and cle called Skad which won the first posi- years• for UCAVs, electronic warfare systems tion. The second winner was the Sukhoi and offensive cyber weapons are making design bureau with a project named the Credit Text & Photo: Defence IQ it much less probable that these aircraft Х-40. There is very little information www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil will be able to operate without interfer- about the development of both systems. www.rbth.com ence, especially when pitted against a In mid-February 2014, Russian Defense technologically advanced enemy. Minister announced that the ministry in-

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 61 Techniques

62 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | ULTIMATE ARMORED VEHICLE TITUS offers exceptional mobility

From infantry transport to combat support and combat service support functions, from peace keeping operations to counter in- The F-15 family has a combat record of 101 victories and zero losses surgency, TITUS brings the technology and the Nexter touch into the heart of the action.

| Issue 511 | Aug 2014 | 63 Techniques

ing a safe dismounting. Remote control The vehicle can be equipped with any kind of remote control weapon station from 7.62mm to 20mm, and grenade launchers of 40mm, depending on the level of threat and type of mission. The armaments are paired with thermal sensors and laser range finders. Two light machine guns can be optionally fitted on the rear top. The vehicle is also fully integrated within the C4I network through last generation vetronics. The vehicle can be equipped with Nex- ter’s patented PG Guard rocket propelled experience and technology in TITUS. The grenade protection system, which is capa- Tactical Infantry Transport and Util- tactical commander disposes now of a 6x6 ble of withstanding two to four firings per ity System (TITUS) is a new modular vehicle customizable for an evolving envi- square metre. armored wheeled vehicle unveiled by ronment. TITUS is the versatile armoured The layout of the Nexter TITUS is simi- Nexter Systems at the Defence Security vehicle of the 21st century. lar to MRAP category vehicle with the en- and Equipment International exhibition TITUS is mounted on a Tatra six-by-six gine at the front, the crew compartment in (DSEI) in September 2013 and displayed chassis, coupled with an engine of 440Hp the middle and the troops’ area at the rear. at the recent Eurosatory 2014. (500Hp in option) offering an exceptional The front part of the vehicle and the win- TITUS is the ultimate armored vehicle mobility. Wrapped with an armored skin dows provide a protection against small designed by Nexter in order to meet all of last generation, from level two to lev- arms firing and shell splinters. the constraints of modern hybrid warfare. el four, TITUS is also protected against The front part of the hull is equipped The modular vehicle is capable of car- mines and IED blasts (up to 150kg), by the with a large windscreen which enables rying out missions such as transport of original Nexter Safepro design - hanged the crew to have a wide forward visibility infantry troops, combat, combat support floor, energy absorbing seats and so on. towards. One single door is available on and combat service support functions in- Safepro protects the lower limbs with each side at the front of the hull. Each side cluding medical evacuation, cargo trans- the foot-rest, the pelvis and the spine with of the troops’ compartment is equipped port, peacekeeping and counter-insurgen- the patented seat system and the nape and with three small bulletproof windows and cy. the head with the head-rest and four-point firing ports, which are covered when the The low cost vehicle took about two harness. The Safepro seat limits shocks suf- add-on armour is fitted on the vehicle. years to develop. It combines the experi- fered by the infantryman in case of explo- The infantrymen enter and leave the ence and technology of Nexter’s innova- sion of blast-effect mines or IEDs. Nexter TITUS via a hydraulic rear door tions over the years, including the Leclerc The units can be committed into the bat- which opens downwards. main battle tank (MBT), VBCI Infantry tlefield quickly and safely. Furthermore, to The Nexter TITUS offers an exceptional fighting vehicle, self-propelled CAESAR allow the crew (driver, gunner and tactical mobility through its Tatra 6x6 chassis cou- gun, and ARAVIS multipurpose heavily commander) and the embarked squad to pled with a Cummins 440Hp engine. The protected armoured vehicle. last a long time on the terrain, an excep- vehicle has front and rear wheeled steer- tional effort of habitability has been done ing with Allison automatic transmission Versatile by Nexter in the hull. offering 6x4 drives on roads with full 6x6 Continuing a famous long lineage, includ- Nexter Battlefield Management System drives over difficult terrain. ing Leclerc MBT, VBCI and Aravis, all FINDERS provides a situational aware- combat proven in many theatres of op- ness, enhanced by a perimetric camera Speed eration, Nexter combined the best of its system, and reconnaissance robot, allow- The TITUS can run at a maximum road

64 | Aug 2014 | Issue 511 | speed of 110 kmh with a maximum cruis- Features ing range of 700 km. The TITUS can Technical specifications The TITUS can be configured to suit a cross a vertical step of 650 mm and ford- Weight variety of military missions based on the ing depth of 1.2m without preparation. 23,000 kg combat weight mission intensity. It can be customised to The vehicle is able to negotiate slopes up Speed accommodate 7.62mm RCWS, protec- to 60 per cent and side slope to 30 per tion level two, forward crowd fence, dozer cent. 110 kmh blade and non-lethal weapons for less in- The armoured wheeled vehicle is Range tensive environments. mounted on a Tatra 6x6 chassis. The 700 km It can be customised to accommodate vehicle has a length of 7.55m, width of Dimensions 12.7mm or 20mm RCWS, 40mm grenade 2.55m and height of 2.73m. Length: 7.55 m; Width: 2.55 m; launchers, protection level three, jammers The combat weight of the TITUS is Height: 2.73 m and shoot detectors for conventional war- 23t, which can be optionally increased to Armament fare. 27t by substituting the baggage space of The vehicle can also be customised to 4t. The internal volume of the vehicle is APC version: one 20mm auto- accommodate additional light machine more than 14m3 including 4m3 of stor- matic cannon, one 7.62mm co- guns on the back, protection level four, age space. axial machine gun, bar armour to protect against RPGs, add- The troops can leave the vehicle using two 5.56 machine guns. on armour on windows and cable cutters a power-operated ramp, with a minimal Manufacturer for counter insurgency and military op- ground step of about 280mm located at Nexter eration in urban terrain. the rear of the hull, which facilitates both Accessories Other variants of Nexter TITUS in- egress and ingress. The driver and gunner clude a target acquisition vehicle, com- can leave through side doors provided to- NBC protection, four cameras, mand post, ambulance, and self-propelled wards the front. Battlefield Management System 120mm mortar vehicle with other vari- The vehicle is designed with two rear Crew ants such as urban area, mobility support roof hatches. A tank is fitted inside the 3 + 10 soldiers and recovery and re-supply vehicles avail- vehicle to provide potable water. able on request•

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