S Storm-Petrels on Baccalieu Island, Newfoundland

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

S Storm-Petrels on Baccalieu Island, Newfoundland POPULATION STUDY HEBREEDING RANGE OF LEACH'S Storm-Petrel( Oceanodroma leu- The world'slargest known corhoa) in the Northwest Atlan- tic is centered in eastern Newfound- land. Owing to the species'nocturnal nestingcolony of and burrow-nestinghabits, the breed- ing populations and distributions of storm-petrels, first documented in Leach's Storm-Petrels Newfoundlandby Petersand Burleigh (1951), have historicallybeen grossly underestimatedand are not presently on BaccalieuIsland,, well known. Storm-petrel coloniesin Newfoundland are vastly larger than all others in the Northwest Atlantic Newfoundland (Huntington 1963; Montevecchi, in prep.), but few quantitative data on colony populationshave been gener- ated. The colony of Leach's Storm-Pe- trels on Baccalieu Island, Newfound- B. O. Sklepkovych and IV. A. Montevecchi land, hasgone largely unrecognized as an important nestingsite for the spe- des (Brown et al. 1975; Nettleship 1980). In the present paper, we esti- mate the breeding population of storm-petrelsbased on measurements of burrow densitiesin all nestinghab- itats and on quantitative estimatesof the island'ssurface areas. Our popu- lation figure, which is compared with thoseof other coloniesthroughout the world, yields new perspectivesof the energy consumption of these birds in the marine ecosystemof the North- west Atlantic. Study Area BaccalieuIsland (-6.3 x I kilome- ter, 48'07'N, 54ø12'W) is situatedoff the northeastern tip of Newfound- land's Avalon Peninsula (Figure 1). Leach'sStorm-Petrels nest in a variety of habitats over the entire island, but principallyoccupy grassy-hummock- ed slopes,boreal forest and Empetrum heaths. Smaller, less defined habitats suchas herb (grassyareas with more than 60 percent fern or tall herb cover), grassy meadow, and heath Leach• Storm-Petrel (Oceanodromaleucorhda). Photograph/GeoffLeBaron/VIREO mixed with herb or grassesare also 105/7/009. utilized by nesting storm-petrels (Sklepkovych1986). The densestcon- centrations of storm-petrelsoccur in the grassy-hummockedareas along 38 AmericanBirds, Spring 1989 TABLE 1. Percentage(number) of burrowoccupancy in grassy-hummocked,forest, and heath habitat plots. Habitat Contour % Occupied% BurrowsWith Burrows Eggs/Chick Grass Level 74.6 (47/63) 69.8 (44/63) Slope 67.5 (56/83) 60.2 (50/83) Total 70.5 (103/146) 64.4 (94/146) Forest Level 71.4 (10/14) 50.0 (7/14) Slope 72.4 (21/29) 72.4 (21/29) Total 72.1 (31/43) 65.1 (28/43) Heath Plots 55.6 (10/18) 50.0 (9/18) Transects 52.4 (11/21) 52.4 (11/21) Total 53.8 (21/39) 51.3 (20/39) Grand Mean (Sum) 68.0 (155/228) 62.3 (142/228) the eastern side of the island (Figure longesttransverse axis of the islandat 2), and medium and low densitycon- approximatelyequal intervals.Cross- centrations are found in forest and sectionsof the island were plotted and heath regions,respectively. Northern scaledrelative to the planar distance Fulmars (Fulrnarusglacialis), North- (X), and then measuredusing the Nu- ern Gannets (Sula bassanus),Black- monics digitizer (Y). The ratio of Figure 1. Aerial photographof Baccalieu leggedKitfiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), thesevalues (Y/X) providedan esti- Island, located off the northeasterntip of NewfoundlandgAvalon Peninsula between Common and Thick-billed tourres mate of the proportional increasein Conceptionand Trinity bays.Photograph/ ( Uria aalgeand U. lornvia),Razorbills surfacearea of each segmentresulting Canadian Dept. of Mines, Energy, Re- (Alca torda),Atlantic Puffins(Frater- from the island's contour, and the sources. cula arcfica),Black Guillemots( Cep- mean of these ratios was used as an phusgrylle), Herring Gulls (Larus ar- estimate of overall increase in surface tained from data collected in associa- gentatus), and Great Black-backed area due to slope.This procedureas- tion with studiesof red fox hunting Gulls (L. marinus) also nest on Bac- sumed that habitats are equally dis- strategy(Sklepkovych 1986). Both the calieu Island, making up the greatest tributed over different contours and number of burrowsat fox diggingsites diversityof breedingseabirds at any as a consequencetends to underesti- and at random adjacent control sites site in Newfoundland and Labrador mate grassy-hummockedand forest were included in the estimates of hole (Montevecchiand Tuck 1987). Red habitats, because much of the rela- density, which were similar to those foxes(Vulpes vulpes)are the island's tivelylevel terrain of the islandis com- at randomly selected sites (Sklepko- only resident mammals (Maccarone posedof heath. Owing to differences vych 1986). and Montevecchi 1981; Sklepkovych in the nestingdensities associated with During May and June 1984, five- 1986). these habitats (see Results), the pro- by-ten meter occupancy plots were cedure will also tend to underestimate established in typical grassy-hum- the breedingpopulation. Two-dimen- mocked (n = 4) and forest (n = 4) Methods sional considerations of habitat areas habitats. Each plot was subdivided would generateerrors that greatly ex- into four equal quadrats(12.5m 2) of A Numonics digitizer(Model 1210) ceed those produced by our contour which one was chosen at random. was used to estimate the two-dimen- estimation procedure. Two plots in each habitat were in sionalsurface area and major habitats A census of holes was made in each areas with _>30* slope and two were of Baccalieu Island from a 1:8650 habitat to estimatethe densityof po- on areaswith little or no slope(0-5ø). scaledmap. For comparisonand ad- tential storm-petrel burrows. To cover In heath habitat, the density of holes ditional information, three 1:25,000 most areas of the island, 57 relatively (potentialburrows) was very low and aerial photographs(Canadian Dept. equidistantsites were preselectedon a variable, and therefore, two 100-me- Energy, Mines, Resources)compris- map. The samplingscheme was strat- ter-squareplots were set up in heath ing the southern,central, and north- ified according to slope and geo- areaswith high burrow densities(i.e. ern portions of the island were also graphiclocation. Randomness of the on the island'speriphery), and two 4 used.A grid of 150-1 cm2 quadrats exact location of studyplots and tran- x 100-meter transects were set out was laid over the aerial photographs, sects at these sites was attained by randomly in typical heath habitat. and each quadrat was examined with travelling a random compassdirec- Holes were examined betweenJuly 12 a magnifying lamp or stereoscopic tion (N, E, S, W) for a distancedeter- and 22, early in the chick period ap- glasses,and the percentageof each mined from a random numbers table proximatelyfive to sixweeks after egg- habitat type was visuallyestimated. between 100 and 500 meters in heath, laying (Monteve•chiunpubl. data; To estimate the island's surface area 50 and 100 meters in forest and 25 Morse and Buchheister 1979). Dia- contour analysiswas performedon a and 50 meters both in mixed heath gramsof plots were drawn indicating 1:50,000 map (Canadian Dept. En- and in grassymeadow habitats.Esti- hole position, distance to adjacent ergy,Mifies, Resources). Fifteen tran- matesof hole densitiesin grassy-hum- holes, connections between burrows, sectionswere drawn perpendicularto mocked and herb habitats were oh- burrow lengths,general vegetational Volume43, Number 1 39 features and the presenceof nest ma- terial, adults, chicks, and eggs.Holes <20 centimeters long were typically inactive and were not considered to be burrows. Nest chambers with mul- tiple entrances were counted once. The number of confirmed nests ex- cluded burrows that were probable nests but in which nest chambers were inaccessible. For heath, forest, and grasshabitats exact occupancyvalues were used in calculating density; for all other sub-habitat estimates, the .$ overall proportion of nestingburrows and grand mean of the occupancy rates of the three sampled habitats were used. Results PhysicalHabitat Characteristics-- The total two-dimensional surface area of Baccalieu Island was calcu- lated to be 523 hectares, approxi- mately 60 percent of which is _•75 meters above sea level. Analysis of Figure 2. The grassy-hummockedslopes on the easternside of BaccalieuIsland, where island contour revealed 31-100 per- Leach• Storm-Petrelsnest in abundance.PhotographlB. O. Sklepkovych. centincreases in area(2 __SD = 59 _+19%) due to topography,suggesting that the surface area of Baccalieu Is- and occupancy by known nestersat occupancyx % breeding)of all acces- land is actually 832 hectares,with 688 plots and transects in grassy-hum- sibleburrows (N = 228) wasestimated hectares providing potential nesting mocked, forest, and heath habitats. to be occupied by breeding pairs. habitat for Leach's Storm-Petrels. Sixty-eight percent (155/228) of all Nearly identicaloccupancy rates have Analysis of aerial photographsand accessible nests were occupied by been found on Great Island, Witless maps yielded estimates of 315 hec- either an adult, chick and/or egg.Per- Bay, Newfoundland and on Little tares (38%) of heath, 286 hectares centageof occupancywas similar be- Duck Island, Maine. (R. Butler [De- (34%) of forest,and 46 hectares(6%) tween grassy-hummocked(71%) and partment of Science & Math, Univ. of grassy-hummocked habitats. forest (72%) habitats and lower, Maine, Farmington]pers. comm.). Smaller, lessdefined habitatsmade up though not significantly,within the Study plots varied in size and num- 41 hectares(5%), and non-nestingre- heath habitat (54%). The presenceof ber within and between habitats and gions(including exclusive puffin nest- an
Recommended publications
  • The Hitch-Hiker Is Intended to Provide Information Which Beginning Adult Readers Can Read and Understand
    CONTENTS: Foreword Acknowledgements Chapter 1: The Southwestern Corner Chapter 2: The Great Northern Peninsula Chapter 3: Labrador Chapter 4: Deer Lake to Bishop's Falls Chapter 5: Botwood to Twillingate Chapter 6: Glenwood to Gambo Chapter 7: Glovertown to Bonavista Chapter 8: The South Coast Chapter 9: Goobies to Cape St. Mary's to Whitbourne Chapter 10: Trinity-Conception Chapter 11: St. John's and the Eastern Avalon FOREWORD This book was written to give students a closer look at Newfoundland and Labrador. Learning about our own part of the earth can help us get a better understanding of the world at large. Much of the information now available about our province is aimed at young readers and people with at least a high school education. The Hitch-Hiker is intended to provide information which beginning adult readers can read and understand. This work has a special feature we hope readers will appreciate and enjoy. Many of the places written about in this book are seen through the eyes of an adult learner and other fictional characters. These characters were created to help add a touch of reality to the printed page. We hope the characters and the things they learn and talk about also give the reader a better understanding of our province. Above all, we hope this book challenges your curiosity and encourages you to search for more information about our land. Don McDonald Director of Programs and Services Newfoundland and Labrador Literacy Development Council ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank the many people who so kindly and eagerly helped me during the production of this book.
    [Show full text]
  • International Black-Legged Kittiwake Conservation Strategy and Action Plan Acknowledgements Table of Contents
    ARCTIC COUNCIL Circumpolar Seabird Expert Group July 2020 International Black-legged Kittiwake Conservation Strategy and Action Plan Acknowledgements Table of Contents Executive Summary ..............................................................................................................................................4 CAFF Designated Agencies: Chapter 1: Introduction .......................................................................................................................................5 • Norwegian Environment Agency, Trondheim, Norway Chapter 2: Ecology of the kittiwake ....................................................................................................................6 • Environment Canada, Ottawa, Canada Species information ...............................................................................................................................................................................................6 • Faroese Museum of Natural History, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands (Kingdom of Denmark) Habitat requirements ............................................................................................................................................................................................6 • Finnish Ministry of the Environment, Helsinki, Finland Life cycle and reproduction ................................................................................................................................................................................7 • Icelandic Institute of Natural
    [Show full text]
  • Determining Fine-Scale Use and Movement Patterns of Diving Bird Species in Federal Waters of the Mid-Atlantic United States Using Satellite Telemetry
    OCS Study BOEM 2017-069 Determining Fine-scale Use and Movement Patterns of Diving Bird Species in Federal Waters of the Mid-Atlantic United States Using Satellite Telemetry US Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Office of Renewable Energy Programs OCS Study BOEM 2017-069 Determining Fine-scale Use and Movement Patterns of Diving Bird Species in Federal Waters of the Mid-Atlantic United States Using Satellite Telemetry Authors Caleb S. Spiegel, USFWS Division of Migratory Birds (Project Manager, Editor) Alicia M. Berlin, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Andrew T. Gilbert, Biodiversity Research Institute Carrie O. Gray, Biodiversity Research Institute William A. Montevecchi, Memorial University of Newfoundland Iain J. Stenhouse, Biodiversity Research Institute Scott L. Ford, Avian Specialty Veterinary Services Glenn H. Olsen, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Jonathan L. Fiely, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Lucas Savoy, Biodiversity Research Institute M. Wing Goodale, Biodiversity Research Institute Chantelle M. Burke, Memorial University of Newfoundland Prepared under BOEM Intra-agency Agreement #M12PG00005 by U.S. Department of Interior U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Migratory Birds 300 Westgate Center Dr. Hadley, MA 01035 Published by U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Office of Renewable Energy Programs 2017-069 DISCLAIMER This study was funded by the US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Environmental Studies Program, Washington, DC, through Intra-agency Agreement Number M12PG00005 with the US Department of Interior, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Migratory Birds, Hadley, MA. This report has been technically reviewed by BOEM and it has been approved for publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Senate Agenda April 12 2021
    The Senate of Acadia University acknowledges that we are located in Mi’kma’ki, the ancestral and unceded territory of the Mi’kmaq People. Dear Member of Senate: I advise you that a virtual meeting of the Senate of Acadia University using Microsoft Teams will occur from 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. on Monday 12th April, 2021 using Microsoft Teams due to the COVID pandemic University operations. The agenda follows: 1) Approval of Agenda th 2) Minutes of the Senate Meeting of 8 March, 2021 3) Announcements (attached, pages 3-16) th, 4) Previous Business from March 8 2021 Meeting of Senate a) Motion from the Admissions and Academic Standing Committee (Policy) : Motion: Proposal for amendment to Part V: Academic Regulations and Policies - Time Limits of Undergraduate Program Requirements (attached, page 17) (D. Keefe) 5) New Business a) Notice of Motions from the By-laws Committee: (attached, pages 18-25) (C. Mutlu) i) Notice of Motion: Motion that Senate approves a change in its Constitution and By-Laws such that the membership of Senate Curriculum Committee (Admin) is changed to include Associate Registrar as an ex officio – non-voting – member as per the Committee’s request. ii) Notice of Motion: Motion that Senate approves a change in its Constitution and By-Laws such that Research Ethics Board is no longer required to report on complaints it receives back to Senate. iii) Notice of Motion: Motion that Senate approves a change in its Constitution and By-Laws such that duties of the By-laws Committee is clarified in regard to responsibilities and procedures associated with the periodic reviews of Senate, Faculty, and Faculty Council bylaws.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Files in the Centre for Newfoundland Studies
    Community Files in the Centre for Newfoundland Studies A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | 0 | P | Q-R | S | T | U-V | W | X-Y-Z A Abraham's Cove Adams Cove, Conception Bay Adeytown, Trinity Bay Admiral's Beach Admiral's Cove see Port Kirwan Aguathuna Alexander Bay Allan’s Island Amherst Cove Anchor Point Anderson’s Cove Angel's Cove Antelope Tickle, Labrador Appleton Aquaforte Argentia Arnold's Cove Aspen, Random Island Aspen Cove, Notre Dame Bay Aspey Brook, Random Island Atlantic Provinces Avalon Peninsula Avalon Wilderness Reserve see Wilderness Areas - Avalon Wilderness Reserve Avondale B (top) Baccalieu see V.F. Wilderness Areas - Baccalieu Island Bacon Cove Badger Badger's Quay Baie Verte Baie Verte Peninsula Baine Harbour Bar Haven Barachois Brook Bareneed Barr'd Harbour, Northern Peninsula Barr'd Islands Barrow Harbour Bartlett's Harbour Barton, Trinity Bay Battle Harbour Bauline Bauline East (Southern Shore) Bay Bulls Bay d'Espoir Bay de Verde Bay de Verde Peninsula Bay du Nord see V.F. Wilderness Areas Bay L'Argent Bay of Exploits Bay of Islands Bay Roberts Bay St. George Bayside see Twillingate Baytona The Beaches Beachside Beau Bois Beaumont, Long Island Beaumont Hamel, France Beaver Cove, Gander Bay Beckford, St. Mary's Bay Beer Cove, Great Northern Peninsula Bell Island (to end of 1989) (1990-1995) (1996-1999) (2000-2009) (2010- ) Bellburn's Belle Isle Belleoram Bellevue Benoit's Cove Benoit’s Siding Benton Bett’s Cove, Notre Dame Bay Bide Arm Big Barasway (Cape Shore) Big Barasway (near Burgeo) see
    [Show full text]
  • Igor's Environmental Mandates
    Igor’s environmental mandates Birds I View Bill Montevecchi Juliana Coffey and an injured short-eared owl that was sent to Salmonier Nature Park for rehabilitation. (photo: Gioia Montevecchi) The power and fury of Hurricane Igor provided firsthand experience of our vulnerability to natural environmental events. The force and the damage wreaked by such a once-in-a-century event are shocking and depending on circumstance can be terrifying and life-threatening. Increases in extreme weather events predicted by climate change models, so we have to be prepared and plan for environmental surprises. Much of the damage imposed by the hurricane was historically unprecedented and unavoidable. Yet much of havoc and destruction can be attributed to failures of environmental accommodation. Giving Mother Nature her due Many if not most of the roadway blowouts that isolated communities was associated with inadequate water passage. Small pipeline culverts, the civil engineering choice of the day, often do provide adequate water flow for rivers, streams and wetland connections that are severed by road construction. The environmental inadequacies of roadway engineering are so obvious around the province. An extreme environmental event like Igor shows the inadequacy engineering practices. Pipeline culverts often sit above extant water levels and prevent the free flow of water. They frequently provide barriers to the movements of fishes. This has been the case in some of the province’s best trout and Atlantic salmon rivers. Pipeline culverts need phasing out and replacement with large inverted U-shaped water passage- ways and where necessary with bridges. These structures permit better water flow and also leave natural stream and river beds intact.
    [Show full text]
  • Montevecchi Et Al 2018. Missing Storm Petrels
    What Happened to the 3,330,000 Missing Storm-Petrels? April Hedd [[email protected]], Neil Burgess [[email protected]] and Bill Montevecchi [[email protected]] Memorial University of Newfoundland Environment Canada P Regular LAND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We respectfully acknowledge the territory in which we gather as the ancestral homelands of the Beothuk, and the island of Newfoundland as the ancestral homelands of the Mi’kmaq and Beothuk. We would also like to recognize the Inuit of Nunatsiavut and NunatuKavut and the Innu of Nitassinan, and their ancestors, as the original people of Labrador. We strive for respectful relationships with all the peoples of this province as we search for collective healing and true reconciliation and honour this beautiful land together. Detective-like Investigation • What we know. • What we need to know. • What we will never know. • Current and future research • What we can do P Regular Approach • Population Trends • Mechanisms of Population Change • Influencing Factors [risk at sea, food + climate, pollution, predation] • Movements at Sea • Lack of Scientific Monitoring at Offshore Oil Platforms • Mitigation Options • Need for Adequate Regulation Mother Carey’s Chickens P Regular Most Abundant Breeding Seabird in the Northwest Atlantic P Regular Baccalieu Island 11 Breeding Seabird Species Baccalieu Island Population Change Species’ Largest Colony 2013 1980s 2,020,000 pairs 3,300,000 pairs 4,040,000 adults 6,600,000 adults 6,600,000 [1980s] 10,000,000 adults + - 4,040,000 [2013] chicks ________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Birds I View
    Old trails and new studies on Baccalieu Island Birds I View Bill Montevecchi The seabird cliffs of Baccalieu. (photo: Bill Montevecchi) This year was the first time that I had the opportunity to work on Baccalieu Island since 2002. That was the year the light-keepers were terminated. Without their assistance, it’s not been safe to land by boat at the light station on the southern tip of the island. With helicopter support provided by the Newfoundland and Labrador Parks and Natural Areas Division of the Department of Environment and Conservation, Stefan Garthe from the University of Kiel in Germany, Holly Hogan, the Reserve Manager and I visited the island during mid- to late August. Many changes Things have changed. The open door to the light-keepers’ house was the first we encountered. The peeling paint was waving in the entry way like a field of ferns. A leak in the roof had damaged the kitchen ceiling and a mouldy smell greeted our nostrils. Yet all was completely intact as the light-keepers had so fastidiously left things. There was a TV (but no electricity), stove, dining room table, chairs, sofa, new beds, dressers, pots, pans, cutlery, etc. and clean fresh water in the cistern below the house. With a bit of cleaning and lot of open airing, things soon felt like the good old days with the exception of the keepers. On the island, many other changes were much more discomforting. The trails that the light- keepers had used and kept open for walking between the two light stations at the south and north ends of the Island, for berry-picking and cutting boat ribs and planks from the forests were not the same.
    [Show full text]
  • Northeastern Barrens Subregion
    ECOREGION Forest Barren Tundra Maritime Barrens Bog Northeastern Barrens subregion NF 6a 1 h e N o r t h - location within the ecoregion, the Northeastern Te a s t e r n Barrens subregion experiences less fog and Barrens, which wind, and warmer summer temperatures, than its 2 borders the Trinity southern counterparts. and Conception This difference in climate has led to more 3 bays, can be easily recognized by its widespread extensive forest cover here than in the other three barrens broken here and there by peatlands and subregions of the Maritime Barrens. However, like forested areas. As one of four subregions in the the rest of the ecoregion, barrens are the most 4 Maritime Barrens ecoregion — the largest of the common landscape feature, and slope bogs, Island's ecoregions — it takes in 3,832.7 km², basin bogs, and fens occur regularly, reflecting including the western half of the northeast the poor drainage and wet climate in the 5 Avalon Peninsula, most of the Bay de ecoregion. Verde Peninsula, and the eastern half of This pattern — small stands of 6 the Bonavista Peninsula. forests broken by huge expanses of open As in the other subregions, the barrens — is the result of repeated, topography of the Northeastern widespread fires. Until recent times, 7 Barrens dramatically reflects the Northeastern Barrens glacial activity that occurred here subregion was covered by forest, more than 10,000 years ago. Northeastern Barrens except on some high ridges and 8 Most of the area is covered by coastal headlands. But due to gently rolling ground moraine, burning, first by European but scattered throughout are settlers and then from the 9 gigantic boulders left by more disastrous fires that retreating glaciers, and hundreds came with the railway in the 19th LAB of lakes and ponds created by glacial gouging of century, forests were gradually the earth's surface.
    [Show full text]
  • NEWFOUNDLAND and LABRADOR REGULATION 32/15 Seabird Ecological Reserve Regulations, 2015 Under the Wilderness and Ecological Reserves Act (O.C
    NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR REGULATION 32/15 Seabird Ecological Reserve Regulations, 2015 under the Wilderness and Ecological Reserves Act (O.C. 2015-092) (Filed April 14, 2015) Under the authority of section 25 and 29 of the Wilderness and Ecological Reserves Act , the Lieutenant- Governor in Council makes the following regulations. Dated at St. John’s , April 13, 2015. Julia Mullaley Clerk of the Executive Council REGULATIONS Analysis 1. Short title 2. Definitions 3. Restrictions 4. Exception for management 5. Permits 6. Research 7. Exception for research 8. Educational activities 9. Commercial and non-commercial enterprises 10. Visitor access 11. Fishing 12. Operation of boat 13. Operation of aircraft 14. Domestic animals 15. Property in reserve 16. Baccalieu Island Ecological Reserve 17. Application of regulations 18. Repeal Schedule Short title 1. These regulations may be cited as the Seabird Ecological Reserve Regulations, 2015 . Back to Top Definitions 2. In these regulations (a) "Act" means the Wilderness and Ecological Reserves Act ; (b) "aircraft" means a machine for flying and includes fixed or rotary winged airplanes, gliders, helicopters and hang gliders; (c) "bicycle" means a vehicle powered by pedals, gears or any non-motorized means of propulsion; (d) "commercial fishing" means fishing carried out under licences issued by the Federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans; (e) "firearm" means a device whereby a missile is discharged by means of an explosive propellant or by means of compressed air or by a spring, and includes
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Bird Important Bird Areas on the Northeast Coast of Newfoundland
    MARINE BIRD IMPORTANT BIRD AREAS ON THE NORTHEAST COAST OF NEWFOUNDLAND Conservation Concerns and Potential Strategies 2001 Prepared for the Canadian Nature Federation and the Natural History Society of Newfoundland and Labrador Acknowledgements: The Important Bird Areas Program is part of the Natural Legacy 2000 program, a nation-wide initiative to conserve wildlife and habitats on private and public lands. We gratefully acknowledge the financial sup- port of the Government of Canada’s Millennium Partnership Program and Ducks Unlimited Canada. This report could not have been produced without the assistance of Laura Dominguez, Joanne Fifield, Dan Best, Rachel Bryant and The Alder Institute. We’d also like to thank Gail Davoren and Iain Stenhouse for their contributions to the species accounts. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Advisory Committee: Rita Anderson, Natural History Society of Newfoundland and Labrador David Fifield, Natural History Society of Newfoundland and Labrador Leah de Forest, Species at Risk Program Manager, Parks Canada Marc Johnson, Canadian Nature Federation Bill Montevecchi, Memorial University of Newfoundland Greg Robertson, Canadian Wildlife Service Douglas Ballam, Parks and Natural Areas Division, Department of Tourism, Culture and Recreation, Prov- ince of Newfoundland and Labrador Brian McLaren, Wildlife Division, Department of Tourism, Culture and Recreation Mark Gloutney, Manager, Conservation Programs, Ducks Unlimited Gerry Yetman, Eastern Habitat Joint Venture Stewardship Program, Wildlife Division, Province of New- foundland and Labrador Suggested citation: Russell J. and D. Fifield 2001. Marine Bird Important Bird Areas on the Northeast Coast of Newfound- land: Conservation Concerns and Potential Strategies. Can. Nature Fed., Bird Studies Can., Natural His- tory Society of Newfoundland and Labrador, 124pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Baccalieu Island Ecological Reserve
    BACCALIEU ISLAND ECOLOGICAL RESERVE MANAGEMENT PLAN Parks and Natural Areas Division Department of Environment and Conservation Government of Newfoundland and Labrador BACCALIEU ISLAND ECOLOGICAL RESERVE MANAGEMENT PLAN AND REGULATIONS Parks and Natural Areas Division Department of Environment and Conservation December, 1995 FOREWARD In 1980, the Wilderness and Ecological Reserves Act was established to protect and preserve special natural areas in Newfoundland and Labrador. Several areas of the Province have been set aside as Ecological Reserves under the Act. These areas contain representative or unique ecosystems, species, or naturally occurring phenomena. The objectives of establishing an Ecological Reserve as stated in the Act are: a. To provide for scientific research and educational purposes in aspects of the natural environment; b. To preserve the habitat of an animal or plant species that is rare or endangered; c. To provide standards against which the effects of development in other areas may be measured; d. To provide an opportunity for study of the recovery of ecosystems from the effects of modification by human beings; e. To preserve rare botanical, zoological, geological or geographical characteristics; f. To preserve representatives of distinct ecosystems in the province; or g. To preserve organisms in their natural habitat to ensure the preservation of their gene pools. i INTRODUCTION The coastal and shelf waters of Newfoundland and Labrador, which includes the Grand Banks, are some of the most productive in the world. Cold, sub-arctic waters in the form of the Labrador Current flow south along the Labrador coast and continue, for the most part, down the east coast of insular Newfoundland.
    [Show full text]