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Elmley Castle DRAFT ONLY Elmley Castle DRAFT ONLY The Elmley Castle Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan was adopted by Wychavon District Council as a document for planning purposes on x. Minutes of the Executive Board meeting of xxx refers. Wychavon District Council Planning Services Civic Centre Queen Elizabeth Drive Pershore Worcestershire WR10 1PT Tel. 01386 565000 www.wychavon.gov.uk 1 Elmley Castle DRAFT ONLY PART 1. CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL 1 INTRODUCTION What is a Conservation Area Appraisal? Planning Policy Framework 2 SUMMARY OF SPECIAL INTEREST 3 ASSESSING SPECIAL INTEREST Location & Landscape Setting Archaeology & Historical Development Spatial Analysis Key Views & Vistas 4 CHARACTER ANALYSIS General Character Buildings Materials Boundaries Natural Environment Local Details 5 THREATS & VULNERABILITIES Threats Neutral Areas NOTE Appraisal Map PART 2. MANAGEMENT PROPOSALS 1 IINTRODUCTION 2 THREATS & ACTIONS 3 NOTES 4 ARTICLE 4(2) DIRECTIONS APPENDIX 01 Statement of Community Involvement APPENDIX 02 Sources & Further Information 2 Elmley Castle DRAFT ONLY PART 1. ELMLEY CASTLE CONSERVATION AREA APPRAISAL 1. INTRODUCTION What is a Conservation Area? The South Worcestershire Development Plan 1.1 (SWDP), in accordance with the National Planning Conservation areas were introduced in 1967 by the Policy Framework (NPPF), contains Historic Civic Amenities Act as a response to the perception Environment policies that set out a positive strategy of the increasing erosion of historic areas through for protecting and managing the historic inappropriate new development. environment. 1.2 See SWDP 6 and SWDP 24. Under Section 69 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, the statutory The NPPF sets out national policy regarding the definition of a conservation area is an ‘area of protection and enhancement of the historic environment, which plays an important role in the special architectural or historic interest, the character of which it is desirable to preserve or delivery of sustainable development. enhance’. A conservation area may include historic town or village centres, historic parks and sites of See paragraphs 184-202 for policies relating industrial or transport interest, such as canals. to the historic environment. Conservation area designation creates a framework 1.5 within which the local authority is able to safeguard Wychavon’s Residential Design Guide the character and appearance of an area. Supplementary Planning Document (2010) is relevant in the assessment of development What is the purpose of this appraisal? proposals within conservation areas. 1.3 A conservation area appraisal outlines the history of What are the benefits of designation? an area and identifies and explains what makes it 1.6 special. It recognises the contribution that individual Historic areas make an important contribution to buildings make to the historic townscape, together the quality of life in local communities. They are a with spaces between and around buildings, street link to the past that provides a sense of continuity patterns, trees, views and other elements such as and familiarity in a rapidly changing world. Change ground surfaces and boundary treatments. is inevitable but should not be harmful. This appraisal provides guidance on how the 1.7 preservation or enhancement of the conservation Broadly the effects of designation are: areas character or appearance can be achieved. The requirement in legislation, national and local planning polices to conserve and The Elmley Castle Conservation Area was designated enhance the historic environment; in November 1969 and amended on 25 July 1996 Control over the substantial or total with the inclusion of “Waverley” and its grounds. demolition of unlisted buildings or The boundary was reviewed in April 2019 during the structures; preparation of this appraisal. Control over works to trees; Some types of advertisements will require Planning Policy Framework consent to be displayed; 1.4 Restriction on the types of development This appraisal should be read in conjunction with which can be carried out without the need the South Worcestershire Development Plan (2016), for planning permission (Permitted and national planning policy as set out in the Development Rights) National Planning Policy Framework (revised July 2018). 3 Elmley Castle DRAFT ONLY 2. SUMMARY OF SPECIAL INTEREST The number and quality of historic buildings 2.1 and survival of historic fabric and detailing, Elmley Castle has considerable architectural and including the use of traditional materials historic interest, with over a thousand years of settlement history and a range of historic buildings. The contribution of the natural environment in trees, gardens, open spaces, grass verges 2.2 and hedges The character of the conservation area of Elmley Castle is that of a small quiet, rural village, comprising mainly The conservation area boundary is drawn to reflect this residential uses in an historic framework of buildings special interest. set along a principal wide main street and historic lanes. Its remoteness from main roads, the presence of historic farm buildings within the village and its close 3. ASSESSING SPECIAL INTEREST relationship with the surrounding countryside are key contributors to its rural character. Views of Bredon Location & Setting Hill, with its wooded slopes, are seen throughout most 3.1 of the village. The village’s setting also encompasses Elmley Castle is one of a ring of villages around the the remains of the Norman castle and the deerpark lower slopes of Bredon Hill, an outlier of the Cotswold which are a key part of the history and development of Hills. It is about 6km south west of Evesham and about the settlement. 5km south east of Pershore. To the north-west is the village of Bricklehampton and to the south east, the 2.3 hamlet of Kersoe. th Elmley Castle expanded in the 20 century with new housing, but the majority of this is grouped together 3.2 between Netherton Road and Mill Lane, and Elmley Castle is on the north side of Bredon Hill Parkwood, leaving the historic core of the village with a underneath the steep north scarp slope. retained sense of historic character and connection Bredon Hill is the largest of the Cotswold outliers and it with its agricultural setting despite the overall increase is capped with oolitic limestone. Beneath this are in the size of the village. layers of softer clay rock known as the lias layers. Bredon Hill is known for having a number of springs 2.4 created as a result of the impermeable layers of clay The conservation area is focused on the historic core of forcing water out. Some of Elmley Castle’s properties the village. use spring water supplies. The springs may partly account for the area’s early settlement. The special interest of Elmley Castle that justifies its designation as a conservation area includes: Its long history, still evident in the layout of the village and its buildings and its relationship with the deerpark and remains of the castle Its strong rural village character evident in surviving agricultural buildings and through the connection between the settlement and its surrounding landscape setting frequently visible throughout the village The survival of the historic form and identity of the village, evident in buildings, plots and Landscape surrounding Elmley castle looking towards village layout Bredon Hill 4 Elmley Castle DRAFT ONLY is typified by a nucleated pattern of expanded rural villages which are surrounded by large arable fields. There is a notable contrast between the concentrations of dwellings and farmsteads in the villages and the relatively unsettled land between them.1 Fields to the south of Elmley Castle The deerpark that sits between the conservation area and the remains of the castle 3.5 An unnamed tributary of the River Avon runs through the village alongside Hill Lane and Main Street. To the rear of St Mary's Church 3.3 Bredon Hill and Elmley Castle lie within the Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It is also locally designated as an Area of Great Landscape Value. The village lies at a point at which the landscape character changes between the wooded hills of the northern scarp of Bredon Hill and the open rolling landscape of the principal village farmlands to the north. 3.4 The castle and the deerpark are on the immediate boundary of the conservation area, within an area of wooded landscape with a steeply undulating topography. The typical characteristics of this type of landscape in Worcestershire are large blocks of ancient woodland forming an interlocking pattern with surrounding hedged fields. Beyond its lower slopes, Bredon Hill is virtually unsettled with a lack of roads and large land parcels with field boundaries having low landscape significance. Elmley Castle lies below this in a landscape characterised by an open rolling lowland topography. In Worcestershire, this form of landscape 1 Worcestershire County Council Landscape Character Assessment 5 Elmley Castle DRAFT ONLY Aerial photographs of the Elmley Castle earthworks in the wider landscape setting of the conservation area.. Photos reproduced courtesy of Paul R. Davis 6 Elmley Castle DRAFT ONLY Archaeology 3.10 3.6 There are several Scheduled Ancient Monuments Elmley Castle and its surrounding area is rich in within the wider area. The castle is scheduled and so is archaeology. Definite evidence for use and occupation a moated site between the castle and Kersoe (to the of Bredon Hill begins in the Bronze Age (c2100 – east of the village). Within the village, there is a 700BC) and a twin Beaker burial has been discovered scheduled wayside cross at the junction of Main Street near the site of Kemerton Camp. with Bricklehampton Road and Netherton Lane. The cross is constructed of a shell-rich limestone and has a 3.7 17th century head and sundial. The socket stone and During the period of the Iron Age (c700BC – 43AD), the shaft date from the 14th century. area of north Gloucestershire, Worcestershire, Herefordshire and part of the West Midlands was occupied by the Dobunni tribe and they created a number of hillforts including Bredon Hill, Kemerton Camp, Conderton Camp and Elmley.
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