)" )" )" )" )" )" 240000 250000 260000 270000 280000 290000 300000 310000 320000 330000 340000 " ) )" COMMUNTY Wawota Pleasant Rump INDIAN RESERVE Twp. 11 Twp. 5530000 Nakota Band )" P L Fairlight i I.R. 68B ig p h PROTECTED AREA t e 542 Little n )" s UV in S to 48 t Kenosee g UV o n C n e PROVINCIAL PARK r y C Lake e Kenosee Lake r 256 Pleasant Rump e C e UV k e r k WATER BODY Nakota Band e )" 8 e I.R. 68 Kenosee UV k 257 Lake Maryfield UV WATERCOURSE Moose Mountain Provincial Park )" 10 Twp. BAKKEN PIPELINE PROJECT 9 UV J a RAILWAY A c ub k u 5520000 White Bear s r o n G n HIGHWAY (Carlyle) Cannington t a o C i n n r Lake Lake e C s e b k TRANSMISSION LINE r o White Bear e r e o k u g I.R. 70 h PIPELINE Pleasant Rump C r Mair e Nakota Band e SURFICIAL GEOLOGY SASKATCHEWAN k Ebor I.R. 68E 9 Twp. )" 255 )" ") MELT STREAMS UV <! UV255 Ap - ALLUVIAL FLOODPLAIN Parkman Cromer )" )" GFe - GLACIOFLUVIAL ERODED A G 5510000 Pleasant Rump )" n r a t Nakota Band h GFh - GLACIOFLUVIAL HUMMOCKY le r a I.R. 68D R m iv GFp - GLACIOFLUVIAL OUTWASH PLAIN er C " r ) Kisbey e e GFt - GLACIOFLUVIAL KAME TERRACE )" k Arcola GL - GLACIOLACUSTRINE Pleasant Rump )" Carlyle 8 Twp. GLp - GLACIOLACUSTRINE PLAIN Nakota Band )" I.R. 68C M - MORAINAL Me - MORAINAL ERODED BY GLACIAL 5500000 Manor )" Mh - MORAINAL HUMMOCKY Wauchope Mp - MORAINAL PLAIN M )" o os Mr - MORAINAL RIDGED e M 13 Redvers Frys ou UV nta in )" )" <! SURFICIAL GEOLOGY MANITOBA C UV2 2 re Antler UV e 7 Twp. k Sinclair A - ALLUVIAL SEDIMENT )" J a )" c C - COLLUVIUM k s Bellegarde o n G - PROXIMAL)" GLACIOFLUVIAL SEDIMENT )" C r 5490000 G e Gs - DISTAL GLACIOFLUVIAL SEDIMENT e a k i n Lc - OFFSHORE GLACIOLACUSTRINE SEDIMENT s b o Willmar r o Tm - CLAY DIAMICT u )" g h C ") BAKKEN PUMP STATION r e G Browning e r Twp. 6 Twp. k a ") EPI CROMER TERMINAL h )" a m <! C BLOCK VALVE SITE r e Cantal e k 5480000 )" Auburnton )" )" Shepherd Creek Alida )" Storthoaks Tilston )" UV345 )" 5 Twp. UV361 )" Au bu r n t o n C k 1:350,000 r e 5 0 5 e e 5470000 ! e r < k C g Kilometres in N <! n Steelman t A h NAD 1983 UTM Zone 14N g A i W <! L Project Code: Technical: Date: )" B 318 E UV 10309-514 AF 10/11/15 ") O A H n T Prince Albert I t C ! Senior: Date: Drawn by: Date: le T N 4 Twp. Saskatoon AF 10/11/15 RT 10/11/15 r ! R A A Reference: Alameda i v K Regina e M 1:50,000 Base Features obtained from GeoGratis used under license. r ! S BrandonWinnipeg )" ! ! A ) S Disclaimer: 445 5460000 UV )"Prepared solely for the use of Enbridge Bakken Pipeline Company Inc. as Oxbow specified in the accompanying report. No representation of any kind is made to other parties with which Enbridge Bakken Pipeline Company Inc. has not )" ) Project Location entered into contract. Frobisher )" Glen Ewen BAKKEN PIPELINE Hirsch )" Twp. 3 Twp. )" er PROJECT (BPP) iv R 18 s UV ri CANADA u o Carnduff S Carievale )" )" Gainsborough Pierson )" )" UV3 3 5450000 )" UV Coalfields Community Pasture Twp. 2 Twp. SURFICIAL GEOLOGY UV256 Rg. 5 Rg. 4 Rg. 3 Rg. 2 Rg. 1 Rg. 34 Rg. 33 Rg. 32 Rg. 31 Rg. 30 Rg. 29 Rg. 28 I:\10309_514\MAPS\FIGURES\EIA\020_FIGURE-5-2-2-SURFICIAL_GEOLOGY.mxd FIGURE 5.2-2 )" )" Page 103 1 5.2.2.2 Surficial Geology 2 The surficial geology in the RSA generally comprises till consisting of an unsorted mixture of sand, silt, 3 clay, pebbles and boulders (Figure 5.2‐2). Along the Bakken Pipeline, the surficial materials are 4 dominated by morainal plain deposits, which are dissected by numerous glacial meltstreams, commonly 5 resulting in deposition of glaciofluvial sands and gravels (Saskatchewan Energy and Resources 2010b, 6 Internet Site). Glaciofluvial sediments are laterally extensive adjacent to major meltstreams including 7 Moose Mountain Creek, the Antler River and Gainsborough Creek (GSC 1998). Extensive modern 8 floodplain (alluvial) sediments consisting of silt, clay and sand with minor gravel occur adjacent to 9 Pipestone Creek near Cromer, Manitoba (Blais‐Stevens and Fulton 1998). The areas with greater sands 10 and gravels and glaciofluvial sediments may affect the Project construction in the following ways: 11 High potential for shallow groundwater which could result in water management required 12 during construction and handling of wet soils; 13 Possibility of impeding horizontal directional drilling (“HDD”); and 14 May require greater volumes of imported backfill material and associated material disposal. 15 Repeated cycles of erosion and deposition of till and stratified deposits resulted in the characteristic 16 drift stratigraphy that underlies the RSA. The unconsolidated deposits in the RSA are typically divided 17 into three groups: Saskatoon Group, Sutherland Group, and Empress Group. Together, the 18 unconsolidated deposits are commonly referred to as “drift.” 19 Of the three groups, the Empress Group is relevant to the Project, as it may occur near Gainsborough 20 Creek in Manitoba (Meyboom 1966). The Empress Group consists of stratified gravel, sand, silt and clay 21 that overlie marine Cretaceous and nonmarine Tertiary bedrock and underlie glacial till in southern 22 Saskatchewan and adjoining areas of Alberta (Whitaker and Christiansen 1972). 23 Overall, drift thickness along the Bakken Pipeline is generally estimated to range between 70 and 130 m 24 (Figure 5.2‐3). Between the Saskatchewan‐Manitoba border and Cromer, Manitoba, drift thickness 25 typically ranges between 20 and 50 m (GSC 2004). The drift thickness is greater than the anticipated 26 depth of disturbance during construction in most of the Physical Environment assessment area, 27 therefore, there is limited potential for bedrock to affect Project construction activities (e.g., it is unlikely 28 that blasting for pipeline installation in bedrock will be required). 29 5.2.2.3 Bedrock Geology 30 In most locations within the RSA, the bedrock is located over 100 m below ground surface (Figure 5.2‐3). 31 However, the Odonah Member (southwest Manitoba) and the Ravenscrag Formation (northeast of 32 Alida, Saskatchewan) outcrop at the surface and therefore may be encountered at trench depth. 33 The Cretaceous‐aged Pierre Shale unit is present throughout the RSA and is generally taken as the lower 34 limit of palatable groundwater exploration (Simpson 1993). The Pierre Formation has been subdivided 35 into the Gammon Ferruginous, Pembina, Millwood and Odanah members. The Odonah Member forms 36 the uppermost bedrock unit east of Pipestone Creek (Manitoba) and commonly outcrops in southwest 37 Manitoba (NHRI 1995). 38 The surficial and bedrock geology are relevant to the Project as groundwater is supplied from these 39 deposits. Most groundwater is extracted from surficial aquifers (i.e., within the inter‐till aquifer) in this 40 area. However, groundwater is also frequently sourced from locally‐fractured portions of the Pierre Page 104 1 Shale aquifer, particularly in areas where overlying drift deposits are relatively thin and other aquifers 2 are not present. Groundwater quality and quantity have been identified as VECs (Table 5.1‐4), and 3 bedrock geology helps define the characteristics of the groundwater. Further analysis of bedrock 4 geology as it relates to groundwater quality and quantity is provided in Section 5.5. 5 The Ravenscrag Formation, composed of lignite‐bearing sandstone, siltstone and claystone, conformably 6 overlies (i.e., there is uninterrupted contact between strata) the Boissevain Formation throughout much 7 of the RSA. The Ravenscrag Formation is Palaeocene‐age (Bamburak 1978; GSC 2004) and is typically 8 overlain by Quaternary fluvial sediments (Empress Group) or by glacial deposits. Along the Bakken 9 Pipeline, the Ravenscrag Formation forms the uppermost bedrock unit east of Steelman, Saskatchewan, 10 to Auburnton, Saskatchewan, with thicknesses ranging from 0 m (northeast of Alida, Saskatchewan) to 11 approximately 100 m (east of Steelman, Saskatchewan). Northeast of Alida, Saskatchewan, the bedrock 12 dip direction (inclination of the bedrock) is inferred to be perpendicular to Bakken Pipeline (Matile 2010, 13 Pers. Comm.). )" )" )" )" )" )" 240000 250000 260000 270000 280000 290000 300000 310000 320000 330000 340000 )" )" COMMUNTY Wawota Pleasant Rump INDIAN RESERVE 675 575 11 Twp. 5530000 Nakota Band )" P L Fairlight 575 i 525 i I.R. 68B 650 g p PROTECTED AREA h 550 e 542 700 Little tn )" s UV S t 625 525 in o g 48 t Kenosee 500 UV o n C n e PROVINCIAL PARK Lake r y C Kenosee Lake e r 256 Pleasant Rump e C e UV 725 k e r k WATER BODY Nakota Band " e ) 8 e Kenosee UV k I.R. 68 600 257 Lake Maryfield UV WATERCOURSE Moose Mountain Provincial Park )" 10 Twp. 550 RAILWAY 9 UV J a c HIGHWAY Aub k u 5520000 White Bear s r o n G n TRANSMISSION LINE 650 (Carlyle) Cannington t a o C i n n r Lake Lake e C s e b k PIPELINE r o White Bear e r e o k u g I.R. 70 h 25m BEDROCK CONTOUR Pleasant Rump C r e Nakota Band Mair e k ") BAKKEN PUMP STATION I.R. 68E 9 Twp. )" 255 ") 600 575 550 UV <! UV255 ") EPI CROMER TERMINAL 625 Parkman <! )" )" BLOCK VALVE SITE G 5510000 " Pleasant Rump A ) n r t 475 a SURFACE ELEVATION (m) Nakota Band h le r a I.R.