Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
CHAPTER-7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter looks at studies that has been carried out for the purpose of better understanding of disaster during construction and operation of the project. It also highlights the in advance preparation to face disaster with respect to both on site and off site emergencies. Other than this Geo hydrological study has also been conducted & report for the same is attached as Annexure IX. The chapter also covers the Socio Economic studies done for the project.
7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN Industrial accidents results in great personal and financial loss. Managing this accidental risk in today’s environment is the concern of every industry including Industrial Estates, because either real or perceived incidents can quickly jeopardize the financial viability of a business. Many facilities involve various manufacturing processes that have the potential for accidents which may be catastrophic to the plant, work force and environment or public.
OBJECTIVE : The main objective of risk assessment study is to propose a comprehensive but simple approach to carry out risk analysis and conducting feasibility studies for industries, planning and management of industrial prototype hazard analysis study in Indian context.
7.2.1 RISK HAZARD AND ITS CONTROL MEASURES
7.2.1.1 ON SITE MANAGEMENT PLAN
The on site management plan will be circulated to all concerned member of emergency team. It is essential that all concerned person are familiar with the overall on site emergency plan and their respective roles and responsibilities during emergency. They should also participate regularly in the mock drills to keep in a state of perpetual preparedness at all times to meet any emergency.
7.2.1.2. Action Plan of on-site Emergency Plan
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
The parameters considered are given as follows: • To constitute Disaster Management Committee under senior officer not below the rank of General Manager. • To identify potential hazards areas in the layout map of industrial estate • To use model to predict hazards impact in the surrounding areas in form of pool fire or gas leakage. • To predict degree of burns and distance of the risk zone by using model. • To evacuate the area within risk zone. • To localize the emergency and if possible eliminate it. • To minimize the effects of accidents on people and property. • To take remedial measures in the quickest possible time to contain the incident and control it with minimum damage. • To mobilize the internal resource and utilize them in the most effective way. • To get help from the local community and government official to supplement internal manpower and resources. • To minimize the damage in other sections. • To keep the required emergency equipment in stock at right places and ensure that they are in working condition. • To keep the concerned personnel fully trained in the use of emergency equipment. • To give immediate warning to the surrounding localities in case of emergency situation arising. • To mobilize transport and medical treatment of the injured. • To educate the public in the surrounding village regarding hazards. • To arrange treatment of causalities. • To safe guard the people. • To identify the causalities and communicate to persons known to them. • To render necessary help to concerned. • To rehabilitate area affected. • To provide information to media and government agencies.
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7.2.1.3 Scope of on-site Emergency Plan
The plan covers information regarding the properties of the industry, type of disasters and disaster/accident prone zones. The important elements considered in this plan are: • Statutory requirement • Emergency organization • Roles and responsibility • Communications during emergency • Emergency facilities • Important information The primary purpose of the on site emergency plan is to control and contain the incident and so to prevent it from spreading. To cover eventuality in the plan and the successful handling of the emergency will depend on appropriate action and decision being taken on the spot.
It is proposed to plan and construct the buildings following all safety norms. However, it is not always possible to totally eliminate such eventualities and random failures of equipment or human errors. An essential part of major hazard control has therefore, to be concerned with mitigating the effects of such emergency and restoration of normalcy at the earliest. A detailed table showing activities during construction and operation phase along with mitigation measures are given in Table 7.1
Table 7.1: Activities during construction and operation along with mitigation measures
HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH CONTROL/MITIGATION MEASURES ACTIVITIES (During Construction & Operation) Manual Handling Strains and sprains incorrect lifting too Exercise/warm up get help when needed heavy loads twisting bending repetitive control loads rest breaks/no exhaustion no movement body vibration. rapid movement/twisting/ bending/repetitive movement good housekeeping. Falls Slips – Trips Housekeeping tidy workplace guardrails, Falls on same level falls to surfaces below handholds, harnesses, hole cover, hoarding, no poor housekeeping slippery surfaces slippery floors/trip hazards clear/ safe access uneven surfaces poor access to work areas to work areas egress from work areas
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climbing on and off plant unloading dust/water controlled PPE. materials into excavations wind falling objects. Fire Combustible/flammable materials properly Flammable liquids/Gases like LPG, Diesel stored/used good housekeeping fire Storage area and combustible building extinguishers made available & Fire hydrant materials poor housekeeping grinding Network with reserve Fire water (As per NFPA sparks open flames, absence of Fire Code) Emergency Plan in case of Fire or hydrant net work. collapse of structure.
Absence of Personal Protective Equipment Head/face footwear hearing/eye skin – Lack of adequate footwear head protection respiratory protection provided training hearing/eye protection respiratory maintenance. protection gloves goggles. Defective or wrong Hand Tools Right tool for the job used properly good Wrong tool defective tool struck by condition/ maintenance guards isolation flying debris caught in or on missing eye/face protection flying debris controlled. guards carbon monoxide strains and sprains dust. Electricity Leads good condition and earthed no Electrocution overhead/underground temporary repairs no exposed wires good services any leads damaged or poorly insulation no overloading use of protective insulated temporary repairs no testing and devices testing and tagging no overhead/ tagging circuits overloaded non use of underground services protective devices.
Scaffolding All scaffolds correctly braced and stabilized Poor foundation lack of ladder access 3:1 height to base ratio firm foundation, insufficient planking lack of guardrails and plumb and level ladder access provided and toe boards insufficient ties or other means used proper platform (3 planks/675 mm) all scaffolds incorrectly braced or stabilized planks secured guardrails and toe boards to prevent overturning. 900mm to 1100mm high, within 200mm of working face, mid rail.
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Ladders Secured against movement or footed ladders Carrying loads not secured against in good condition regularly inspected extend dislodgement defective ladders not 1m above platform 4:1 angle out of access sufficient length wrong positions ways, vehicle movements climbing no incorrectly placed (angles, in access ways, carrying loads 3 points of contact no higher vehicle movements. than 3 rd step down use for access only, not working platforms.
Excavations Soil stability known no water accumulation Trench collapse material falling in existing services known material 600mm from undetected underground services falls edge clear of suspended loads hardhats/PPE hazardous atmosphere struck by traffic and ladders public protection – atmospheric mobile plant. testing traffic controls Emergency Plan. Gas Cutting and Welding Welding flash and burns controlled with PPE Fire welding flash, burns, fumes, and shields fumes controlled with ventilation electrocution in wet conditions flashback and PPE in oxygen set, leaking cylinders, acetylene (in good condition and properly cylinders lying down poorly maintained positioned),Gas cylinders be kept upright & leads. secured position (properly tied) combustible materials to be kept at secured place to avoid fire & Fire Extinguishers to be kept in fire prone area with training to people for its use. Noise Levels below 85 decibels proper protection. known noise levels over 85 decibels Falling Material Materials to be secured – kept away from edge Fall during carrying/Lifting materials toe boards –Use of hard hats. dislodged tools and materials from overhead work areas. Craneage & Lifts Periodic testing by competent authority Display of carrying capacity i.e. load (No. of correctly slung/secured loads, lifting equipment person), incorrectly slung, defective lifting good condition use of proper hand signals equipment, unsecured loads, craning in close falls while unloading controlled. proximity to building people and plant falls
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falling materials. • Visitors Presence at site Falls struck by dropped materials Sufficient hoarding fencing and barricades roading accidents insufficient hoarding or safe pedestrian access past site traffic fencing pedestrian access past site management for loading and delivery mechanical plant movement on and off site. construction separated from occupied areas of projects.
7.2.1.4. Objective of on-site Emergency Plan
Risk analysis and risk assessment should provide details on risk posed to people who work inside or live near hazardous facilities, and to aid in preparing effective emergency response plans by delineating a Disaster Management Plan (DMP) to handle on site and off site emergencies. Hence, Risk analysis and risk assessment is an invaluable method for making informed risk specific for any plant is complex and needs extensive study that involves process understanding, hazard identification, consequences probability data, vulnerability models/data, local weather and terrain conditions and local population data. Risk analysis and risk assessment will be carried out to serve the following objectives:
• Identification of safety areas • Identification of hazard sources • Generation of accidental release scenarios for escape of hazardous materials from the facility • Identification of vulnerable units with recourse to hazard indices • Assessment of risk on the basis of above evaluation against the risk acceptability criteria relevant to the situation • Suggest risk mitigation measures based on engineering judgment, reliability and risk analysis approaches • Delineation/upgradation of DMP • Safety reports: with external safety report/occupational safety report The risk assessment report may cover the following in terms of the extent of damage with analysis and delineation of risk mitigations measures with an approach to DMP.
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• Hazard Identification identification of hazardous activities, hazardous materials, past accident records, etc. • Hazard quantification consequence analysis to assess the impacts • Risk Presentation • Risk Mitigation Measures • DMPs
Hazard Evaluation
Hazard Hazard identificatio Quantificat n ion
Figure 7.1: Risk Assessment-Conceptual Framework
Table 7.2: Choice of Models for Impact Predictions: Risk Assessment
Name Application Remarks EFFECT Consequence analysis for Heat load, pres s wave & toxic Visualization of accidental release exposure neutral gas chemical release scenarios & dispersion its consequence
WHAZAN Consequence of analysis for visualization of accidental
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chemical release scenarios & its consequence DEGADIS Consequence of analysis for Dense gas dispersion visualization of accidental chemical release scenarios & its consequence HAZOP & fault tree For estimating top event Fa ilure frequency data is assessment probability required Pathways reliability and For estimating reliability of Markov Models protective system hazard equipments and protective analysis systems Vulnerability Exposure Estimation of population Uses probit equation for models exposure population exposure F X and F N curves Individual/Societal risks Graphical Representation
Depending on the manufacturing process and technology adopted, risk associate with the project can be decided.
7.2.1 Emergency
A major emergency in any situation is one, which has the potential to cause serious injury or loss of life, which may cause extensive damage to the structure in vicinity and environment and could result in serious disruption to normal operation both inside and outside the industry premises. Depending on the magnitude the emergency, service of the outside agencies may also be damage. The management has to take effective steps to assess, minimize and wherever feasible eliminate the risk to large extent. Accident may still occur and it is necessary to be fully prepared to tackle all such emergencies if and when they occur. It is likely that the consequences of such emergencies will be confined to the units concerned or may affect outside. If the consequences are confined within the plant boundary, it will be controlled by Chief Emergency Controller . The most widely used techniques in practice will based on experience accumulated over many year and safety audits.
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7.2.1 STORAGE & HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS: Both the hazardous & non hazardous material generated within the Industrial Estates shall be temporarily accommodated in necessary units placed within the Industrial Estate in line with the Safety, Health and Environmental standards. The size of these temporary units will depend on the quantity and the type of Hazardous waste materials like asbestos, PCB, oils, fuels etc. with appropriate storage capacities are placed in the Estate following Hazardous Waste Management and Handling Rules (1989). Also, if gas cylinders will be stored in the Estate, the Gas Cylinders Rules under explosives Act will be followed. Later, these materials will be disposed off at a centralized disposal facility with utmost care following safety norms. Each unit in the Industrial Estates will be facilitated with fire hydrant system to handle fire hazards.
7.2.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: Hazard is the characteristic of any system or process which has the potential for accident. Identification of hazards, in the presence of any hazardous waste generating industries within the Industrial Estates is of primary significance in the analysis, quantification and cost effective control of accidents involving chemicals and process. The typical methods for hazard identification employed are: • Identification of major hazardous units based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989 of Government of India (amended in 2000) • Identification of hazardous wastes based on Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008, as its amendments. • Hazardous substances may be classified into three main classes namely flammable substances, unstable substances and Toxic substances.
7.2.3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT & EVALUATION: A preliminary hazard analysis shall be carried out to identify the major hazards associated with storages in the facility. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify these hazards. Following are the vulnerable zones of accident: Frequent causes of accidents: • Fire and explosion: explosives, flammable materials • Being struck by falling objects • Caught in or compressed • Snapping of cables, ropes, chains, slings
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• Handling heavy objects • Electricity • Poor illumination • Falls from height inside industrial units or on the ground • Struck by moving objects • Slipping on wet surfaces • Sharp objects • Oxygen deficiency in confined spaces
Hazardous substances and wastes: • Heavy and toxic metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, copper, zinc, etc.) • Organometallic substances (tributyltin, etc.) • Lack of hazard communication (storage, labelling, material safety data sheets) • Batteries, fire fighting liquids • PCBs and PVC • Welding fumes • Volatile organic compounds (solvents) • Inhalation in confined and enclosed spaces
Physical hazards: • Noise • Extreme temperatures • Vibration • Radiation (UV, radioactive materials)
Mechanical Hazards: • Trucks and transport vehicles • Scaffolding, fixed and portable ladders • Impact by tools, sharp edged tools • Power driven hand tools, saws, grinders and abrasive cutting wheels • Failure of machinery and equipment • Poor maintenance of machinery and equipment
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• Lack of safety guards in machines • Structural failure
Biological hazards: • Risk of communicable diseases transmitted by pests, vermin, rodents, insects and • Other animals that may infest in the IEs. • Animal bites • Vectors of infectious diseases (TB, malaria, dengue fever, hepatitis, respiratory infections, others)
Ergonomic and psychosocial hazards: • Repetitive strain injuries, awkward postures, repetitive and monotonous work, • Excessive workload • Long working hours, shift work, night work, temporary employment • Mental stress, human relations (aggressive behaviour, alcohol and drug abuse, • violence) Poverty, low wages, minimum age, lack of education and social environment
General concerns: • Lack of safety and health training • Poor work organization • Inadequate housing and sanitation • Inadequate accident prevention and inspection • Inadequate emergency, first aid and rescue facilities • Lack of medical facilities and social protection
7.2.4 Hazard Seasonality Map Catastrophe like floods, cold wave, drought, hailstorms etc. are climatic hazards and therefore have seasonal probability of occurrence. Mishaps like fires and chemical accidents can occur any season. Similarly, occurrence of earthquake is highly unpredictable and can occur in any season of the year, so its probability is throughout the year. Hazards like road accidents and rail accidents have high probability in the months of December and January as during these months there is dense fog all over the district may result into
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana accidents. Similarly, hazardous chemicals transporting also have similar risk. The above mentioned list of hazards in Rewari, show a pattern depending upon the probability and severity of occurrence during various months of the year. The following table shows probability and seasonality of hazards.
Fig 7.2: Hazard Seasonality Map Source: District Disaster Management Plan, Rewari 2013
7.3 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN A disaster is a catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into helplessness and suffering and, as a result, need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and other necessities of life. The Disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of Environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of the
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Disaster Management Plan, it should be widely circulated and a personnel training is to be provided through rehearsals/drills. To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the plant or immediate vicinity of the plant, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned emergency document is called "Disaster Management Plan". The objective of the Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined resources of the plant and the outside services to achieve the following: • Effect the rescue and medical treatment of casualties; • Safeguard other people; • Minimize damage to property and the environment; • Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control; • Identify any dead; • Provide for the needs of relatives; • Provide authoritative information to the news media; • Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area; • Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause and circumstances of the Emergency. In effect, it is to optimize operational efficiency to rescue rehabilitation and render medical help and to restore normalcy. Disaster Management Plan should include Emergency Preparedness Plan, Emergency Response Team, Emergency Communication, Emergency Responsibilities, Emergency Facilities, and Emergency Actions
7.4 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN (ERP) The overall objective of an Emergency Response Plan (ERP) is to make use of the combined resources at the site and outside services to achieve the following: 1. To localize the emergency and if possible eliminate it; 2. To minimize the effects of the accident on people and property; 3. Effect the rescue and medical treatment of casualties; 4. Safeguard other people; 5. Evacuate people to safe areas; 6. Informing and collaborating with statutory authorities; 7. Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control;
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8. Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent enquiry into the cause and circumstances of the emergency; 9. Investigating and taking steps to prevent reoccurrence The ERP is therefore related to identification of sources from which hazards can arise and the maximum credible loss scenario that can take place in the concerned area. The plan takes into account the maximum credible loss scenario actions that can successfully mitigate the effects of losses/ emergency need to be well planned so that they would require less effort and resources to control and terminate emergencies. Main hazards identified for the project include hazards pertaining to fires in buildings and fire in diesel storage areas, earthquake and LPG leakage and an ERP pertaining to these is described in the following section.
7.5 RESPONSE IN CASE OF EARTHQUAKE
7.5.1 Response Procedures for Occupants If indoors : 1. Take cover under a piece of heavy furniture or against an inside wall and hold on. 2. Stay inside: The most dangerous thing to do during the shaking of an earthquake is to try to leave the building because objects can fall on you. If outdoors : Move into the open, away from buildings, streetlights, and utility wires. Once in the open, stay there until the shaking stops. If in a moving vehicle : Stop quickly and stay in the vehicle. Move to a clear area away from buildings, trees, overpasses, or utility wires. Once the shaking has stopped, proceed with caution. Avoid bridges or ramps that might have been damaged by the quake.
After the quake 1. After the quake be prepared for aftershocks. 2. Although smaller than the main shock, aftershocks cause additional damage and may bring weakened structures down. Aftershocks can occur in the first hours, days, weeks, or even months after the quake.
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Help injured or trapped persons . 1. Give first aid where appropriate. Do not move seriously injured persons unless they are in immediate danger of further injury. Call for help. 2. Remember to help those who may require special assistance infants, the elderly, and people with disabilities. 3. Stay out of damaged buildings. 4. Use the telephone only for emergency calls.
7.5.2 Response Procedure for Emergency Team 1. Formulate an Emergency Response Team for earthquake response. Using the public address system, inform residents of response procedures discussed above. 2. Inform the necessary authorities for aid. 3. Ensure no person is stuck beneath any debris, in case of a structural failure. 4. Ensure that all occupants standing outside near the buildings are taken to open areas. 5. Ensure that the first aid ambulance and fire tender vehicles are summoned if necessary. 6. Inform the nearby hospitals if there are any injuries. 7. Check the utilities and storage tanks for any damage.
7.6 RESPONSE FOR LPG LEAKAGE 1. The affected area should be evacuated and cordoned off immediately 2. Initiate an Emergency Response Team for LPG leakage. 3. Shut down the main valves in the gas bank. 4. Ensure that only concerned personnel are present in the affected area and all other personnel and visitors are moved to the nearest assembly points. 5. Rescue trapped personnel, also check if any personnel are unconscious in the area and immediately move them outside and provide first aid. Ambulance should be summoned to take injured personnel to the nearest hospital. 6. Personnel in the nearby buildings to close all doors and windows to prevent entry of the leaked gas. 7. Source of leakage to be traced and isolated from all the other areas. And if required use pedestal fans to bring down the gas concentration.
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8. In case of a fire follow the instructions in case of fire.
7.7 RESPONSE IN CASE OF FIRE 1. Required response during in the event of a fire should be described in signs located in the lobby. 2. On sighting a fire, it should be immediately informed to the environment manager giving the exact location and type of fire in detail. 3. Initiate the Emergency Response Team for fires. 4. If the fire is small, engage in extinguishing the fire using the nearest fire extinguisher. 5. Guide the Emergency Response Team staff to the emergency assembly point. 6. The Emergency Response Team should immediately inform the nearest dispensary and security force. If required a fire tender should be summoned. 7. The response team should immediately move to the point of fire and take all necessary steps to stop the fire. If the fire is not controllable and spreads then the manager in charge should inform the district authorities and call for external help. 8. The Emergency Response Team will provide immediate relief to the injured residents at the scene of incident. Any injured persons should be evacuated on priority to the dispensary or one of the nearest hospitals based on their condition.
Instructions for occupants 1. Get out of buildings as quickly and as safely as possible. 2. Use the stairs to escape. When evacuating, stay low to the ground. 3. If possible, cover mouth with a cloth to avoid inhaling smoke and gases. 4. Close doors in each room after escaping to delay the spread of the fire. 5. If in a room with a closed door. 6. If smoke is pouring in around the bottom of the door or if it feels hot, keep the door closed. 7. Open a window to escape or for fresh air while awaiting rescue. 8. If there is no smoke at the bottom or top and the door is not hot, then open the door slowly. 9. If there is too much smoke or fire in the hall, slam the door shut. 10. Stay out of damaged buildings.
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11. Check that all wiring and utilities are safe. A state of the art fire fighting system is proposed for the project to prevent and control fire outbreaks. The fire fighting system will consist of portable fire extinguishers, hose reel, wet riser, yard hydrant, automatic sprinkler system, and manual fire alarm system. The buildings will also be provided with automatic fire detection and alarm system.
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Table-7.3:Brief of Hazard-specific Structural & Non-Structural Measures
Hazard Structural Measures Non Structural Measures Flood • Strengthening/ construction of • Flood plain zoning to embankments, flood walls regulate land use in the flood • Proper regulation of water plains. storage reservoirs • Integrated Water • Improvement of channels In Resource case JNL canal was properly Management such as water cemented and bunded to control resources assessment, socio flood, along with this drainage canal economic assessment, water is made to collect rain water and resources planning, discharge it in sahibi river. implementation of action • Drainage improvement in plans, day today water order to avoid congestion resources management • Inspection, rehabilitation and (adjustments of the plans) maintenance programme to ensure and water resources that the design capabilities are protection and conservation. maintained • Medical preparedness in terms of after effects of floods requiring medical attention. Earthquake • Seismic strengthening of existing • Development of Rapid structures. Visual Screening procedures • Structural safety audit of critical and Detailed Vulnerability lifeline structure. Assessment. • Earthquake resistant construction • Regular conduction of Fire Safety Audits and Electrical Safety Audits. • Public Awareness campaigns. • Techno legal regime for ensuring compliance of earthquake resistant design and construction practices in • all new constructions. • Drought • Water management including • Study groundwater water harvesting and conservation. availability map in area. • Micro irrigation including drip and sprinkler irrigation Fire • Implementation of all applicable • Training of community fire safety norms. members in fire fighting techniques. • Putting in place audit system. • Compulsory fire hazard evaluation of all types of
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buildings old and new • Planning and calendar of evacuation drills/ mock drills in vital installations/ industrial plants/ government buildings / schools and critical infrastructure like hospitals, etc. • Enforcement of fire approvals as per the provisions contained in National. • Building Code (NBC) 2005 for new constructions. Chemical & Industrial Creation of appropriate • Enforcement of code of Accidents infrastructure as mentioned in Off practices, procedures and site and On site plans including standards. Public Address system. • Audits of On site & Off site • Emergency plans at regular intervals • Statutory inspection, safety audit and testing of emergency plans • Safety Auditing • Hotline telephone connection with nearby emergency services • Awareness generation among community regarding HAZMAT • Training of specialized Medical First Aid Responders Biological Disasters Enforcement of bio safety measures • Regular survey and proper in labs maintenance of water supply and sewage pipeline.
• Creation of awareness about personal hygiene.
• Vector control programmes.
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7.8 RESOURCE CONSERVATION The project will lead to utilization of various natural resources. As an environmentally responsible corporate, the developers endeavor to conserve these resources by judicious management and recycling and strive to build up these resources where possible. Water Resources: The project will private water from tanker during the construction phase & JLN canal during operation phases of the project. The national water scenario, where availability if fresh water is fast dwindling, judicious use of the same cannot be over emphasized. Following means are proposed to be adopted for conservation of this life sustaining resource: Reduced use of water: To further minimize the use of available freshwater, various low flow fixtures may be provided such as Low flow flushing systems, sensor based fixtures, waterless urinals, tap aerators. Awareness will also be spread amongst the residents on the following lines:
• Timely detection and repair of all leakages;
• Avoiding/minimizing use of shower/bath tub in bathroom;
• Turning off faucets while soaping and rinsing clothes;
• Avoiding use of running water while hand washing;
• Turning off the main valve of water while going outdoor;
• Avoiding use of hose for washing floors; Use of broom may be preferred;
• Watering of lawn or garden during the coolest part of the day (early morning or late evening, hours) when temperature and wind speed are lowest. This reduces losses due to evaporation.
• Planting of native and/or drought tolerant grasses, ground covers, shrubs and trees. Once fully grown, they need not to be watered frequently.
• Avoiding over watering of lawns. Good rains eliminate the need for watering for more than a week.
• Setting sprinklers to water the lawn or garden only, not the street or sidewalk;
• Avoiding installation or use of ornamental water features unless they recycle the water and avoiding running them during drought or hot weather;
• Installation of high pressure, low volume nozzles on spray washers;
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• Replacement of high volume hoses with high pressure, low volume cleaning systems;
• Equipping spring loaded shutoff nozzles on hoses;
• Installation of float controlled valve on the make up line, closing filling line during operation, provision of surge tanks for each system avoid overflow;
Treatment and Recycling: The wastewater generated from the site will be treated in an on site Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP). This will enable the treated wastewater to be used for landscaping, DG cooling etc, thereby reducing the requirement of freshwater for these purposes. Net fresh water demand for the project is 38.96 MLD . Rainwater harvesting: It is proposed that rain water from Industrial estate will be collected and conveys the same to Sahibi river though proper drainage channel, as ground water level is shallow at site and by doing this, it is possible to recharge ground water as well as maintain water in river to meet demands of the people living near by the river. Construction materials: As a large Industrial Estate, the project will require various kinds of natural construction materials such as sand, gravel etc. It is proposed for prior estimation of required quantities of these materials and procurement only as per requirement. This will also result in cost efficiency. Excavated soil from the project site will be used within the site to the extent feasible. Excess soil will be made available to the construction sites, as per need. Energy: To conserve the energy resources, good practices will be followed during the construction phase such as turning off lights and equipments when not in use, ensuring fuel efficiency of motors and vehicles through proper maintenance and minimal work at night. Use of LED lightening in common areas etc. HSIIDC will put condition in the building approval about provision of installation solar water heater systems.
7.9 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN Incidents, accidents and contingency preparedness should be accounted during ship recycling process. This will be a part of EMS. Emergency Preparedness Plan (EPP) should be prepared following the national environmental Emergency plan and OSHA guidelines. According to these guidelines, an environmental emergency plan would essentially provide the following information:
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• Assignment of the duties and responsibilities among the authorities, participating
• Agencies, the response team and coordinators and/or those responsible for the pollution incident;
• Relationship with other emergency plans;
• A reporting system that ensures rapid notification in the event of a pollution incident;
• The establishment of a focal point for co ordination and directions connected to the implementation of the plan;
• Response operations; should always cover these four phases: – Discovery and alarm – Evaluation, notification and plan invocation – Containment and countermeasures – Cleanup and disposal
• Identification of expertise and response resources available for assistance for the implementation of the plan;
• Directions on the necessary emergency provisions applicable to the handling, treatment or disposal of certain pollutants;
• Link to the local community for assistance, if necessary;
• Support measures, such as procedures for providing public information, carrying out surveillance, issuing post incident reports, review and updating of the plan, and periodic exercising of the plan.
Emergency response: Various industrial activities within the Industrial Estates are always subjected to accidents and incidents of many kind. Therefore, a survey of potential incidents and accidents is to be carried out. Based on this, a plan for response to incidents, injuries and emergencies should be prepared. Response to emergencies should ensure that:
• The exposure of workers should be limited as much as possible during the operation
• Contaminated areas should be cleaned and if necessary disinfected
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• Limited impact on the environment at the extent possible. Written procedures for different types of emergencies should be prepared and the entire workforce should be trained in emergency response. All relevant emergency response equipment should also be readily available. With regard to dangerous spills, associated clean up and fire fighting operations should be carried out by specially allocated and trained personnel.
Response team: It is important to setup an Emergency Organization. A senior executive who has control over the affairs of the plant would be heading the Emergency Organization. He would be designated as Site Controller. Manager (Safety) would be designated as the Incident Controller. In the case of stores, utilities, open areas, which are not under the control of the Production Heads, Senior Executive responsible for maintenance of utilities would be designated as Incident Controller. All the Incident Controllers would be reporting to the Site Controller. Each Incident Controller organizes a team responsible for controlling the incidence with the personnel under his control. Shift In charge with be the reporting officer, who with bring the incidence to the notice of the Incidence Controller and Site Controller. Emergency Coordinators with be appointed who with undertake the responsibilities like fire fighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and provide essential and support services. For this purposes, Security In charge, Personnel Department, Essential services personnel would be engaged. All these personnel would be designated as Key personnel. In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house in charge, and other maintenance staff would be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of power or communication system failure, some of staff members in the office/facility would be drafted and their services would be utilized as messengers for quick passing of communications. All these personnel would be declared as essential personnel.
Response to injuries Based on a survey of possible injuries, a procedure for response to injuries or exposure to hazardous substances should be established. All staff should have minimum training
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to such response and the procedure ought to include the following:
• Immediate first aid, such as eye splashing, cleansing of wounds and skin, and bandaging
• Immediate reporting to a responsible designated person
• If possible, retention of the item and details of its source for identification of possible hazards
• Rapid additional medical care from medical personnel
• Medical surveillance
• Recording of the incident
• Investigation, determination and implementation of remedial action It is vital that incident reporting is straightforward so that reporting is actually carried out.
Emergency communication: Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc. would inform his immediate superior and Emergency Control Center. The person on duty in the Emergency Control Center, would appraise the Site Controller. Site Controller verifies the situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the Shift In charge and takes a decision about an impending On Site Emergency. This would be communicated to all the Incident Controllers, Emergency Coordinators. Simultaneously, the emergency warning system would be activated on the instructions of the Site Controller.
Emergency responsibilities The responsibilities of the key personnel will be defined for the following:
• Site controller
• Incident controller
• Emergency coordinator rescue, fire fighting
• Emergency coordinator medical, mutual aid, rehabilitation, transport and communication
• Emergency coordinator essential services
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• Employers responsibility
Emergency facilities:
• Emergency Control Center – with access to important personnel, telephone, fax, telex facility, safe contained breathing apparatus, hand tools, emergency shutdown procedures, duties and contact details of key personnel and government agencies, emergency equipments, etc.
• Assembly Point – with minimum facilities for safety and rescue
• Emergency Power Supply – connected with diesel generator, flame proof emergency lamps, etc.
• Fire Fighting Facilities – first aid for firefighting equipments, fire alarms, etc.
• Location of wind – located at appropriate location to indicate the direction of wind for emergency escape
• Emergency Medical Facilities – Stretchers, gas masks, general first aid, emergency control room, breathing apparatus, other emergency medical equipment, ambulance
Emergency actions:
• Emergency Warning
• Evacuation of Personnel
• All Clear Signal
• Public information and warning
• Coordination with local authorities
• Mutual aid
• Mock drills
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7.10 Hierarchy of elements of mitigation plan
Figure 7.3: Elements of Mitigation A good EIA practice requires technical understanding of relevant issues and measures that work in such given circumstances. The priority of selection of mitigation measures should be in the order:
Step One: Impact avoidance: This step is most effective when applied at an early stage of project planning. It can be achieved by:
• not undertaking certain projects or elements that could result in adverse impacts
• avoiding areas that are environmentally sensitive; and
Step Two: Impact minimization This step is usually taken during impact identification and prediction to limit or reduce the degree, extent, magnitude, or duration of adverse impacts. It can be achieved by:
• scaling down or relocating the proposal
• redesigning elements of the project
• taking supplementary measures to manage the impacts
Step Three: Impact compensation: This step is usually applied to remedy unavoidable residual adverse impacts. It can be achieved by:
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• rehabilitation of the affected site or environment,
• replacement of the same resource values at another location. For example, by wetland engineering to provide an equivalent area to that lost to drainage or infill.
Table 7.4: Typical Mitigation Measures
Impacts Typical Mitigation Measures Soil Windscreens, maintenance, and installation of ground cover. Installation of drainage ditches. Minimize disturbances and scarification of the surface Usage of appropriate monitoring and control facilities for construction equipments deployed Methods to reuse earth material generated during excavation Resources – • Availing the resources which could be fuel/construction replenished by natural systems, etc. material, etc. Deforestation • Plant or create similar areas • Initiate a tree planning program in other areas • Donate land to conversationalist groups Water pollution • Conjunctive use of ground/surface water, to (Ground water/ Surface prevent flooding/waterlogging/depletion of water water) resources. Included are Land use pattern, land filling, lagoon/reservoir/garland canal construction, and rainwater harvesting and pumping rate. • Stormwater drainage system to collect surface runoff • Minimize flow variation from the mean flow. Storing of oil wastes in lagoons should be minimized in order to avoid possible contamination of the ground water system. • All effluents containing acid/alkali/organic/toxic wastes should be properly treated. • Monitoring of ground waters • Use of biodegradable or otherwise readily treatable • Neutralization and sedimentation of wastewaters, where applicable • Dewatering of sludges and appropriate disposal of solids • In case of oil waste, oil separation before treatment and discharge into the environment By avoiding the activities that increases erosion or that contributes nutrients to water (thus stimulating alga growth) For wastes containing high TDS,
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treatment methods include removal of liquid and disposal of residue by controlled landfilling to avoid any possible leaching of the fills • All surface runoffs around mines or quarries should be collected treated and disposed. • Wastewater carrying radioactive elements should be treated separately by means of de watering procedures, and solids or brine should be disposed of with special care. • Develop spill prevention plans in case of chemical discharges and spills. • Develop traps and containment system and chemically treat discharges on site Air Pollution • Periodic checking of vehicles and construction machinery to ensure compliance to emission standards • Attenuation of pollution/protection of receptor through green belts /green cover • Dilution of odourant (dilution can change the nature as well as strength of an odour), odour counteraction or neutralise (certain pairs of odours in appropriate concentrations may neutralise each other), odour masking or blanketing (certain weaker malodours may be suppressed by a considerably stronger good odour). • Regular monitoring of air polluting concentrations
Dust pollution • Adopt sprinkling of water • Wetting of roadways to reduce traffic dust and re entrained particles. • Control vehicle speed on sight. • Ensure priodical wahsing of cosntruction equipment and transport vehicles to prevent accumulated dust. • Ensure that vehicles should be covered during Installation of windscreens to break up the wind flow. • Burning of refuse on days when meteorological conditions provide for good mixing and dispersion • Providing dust collection equipment at all possible points. • Maintaining dust levels within permissible limits. • Provision for masks when dust level exceeds Noise pollution • Use of suitable muffler systems/enclosures/sound proof glass panelling on heavy equipment/pumps/blowers • Pumps and blowers may be mounted on rubber pads or any other noise absorbing materials
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• Limiting certain activities • Proper scheduling of high noise generating activities to minimise noise impacts. • Usage of well maintained construction equipment meeting the regulatory standards. • Placement of equipments emitting high noise in an orientation that directs the noise away from sensitive receptors. • Periodic maintenance of equipment/ replacing whenever necessary/lubrication of rotating parts, etc . • By using damping, absorption, dissipation, and deflection methods. • By using common techniques such as constructing sound enclosures, applying mufflers, mounting noise sources on isolators, and/or using materials with damping. • Performance specifications for noise represent a way to insure the procured item is controlled. • Use of ear protective devices. • In case of steady noise levels above 85 dB (A), initiation of hearing conservation measures Implementation of greenbelt for noise attenuation Biological • Installation of systems to discourage nesting or perching of birds in dangerous environments • Increased employee awareness to sensitive areas. Social • Health and safety measures for workers • Provision of alternate jobs in unskilled and skilled categories • Development of traffic plan that minimizes road use by workers • Provide sufficient counselling and time to the affected population for relocation • Upgrade of roads and intersections. • Discuss and finalize alternate arrangements and associated infrastructure in places of religious importance. • Exploration of alternative approach routes in consultation with local community and other stakeholders • Provision of alternate jobs in unskilled and skilled categories Marine • Water quality monitoring program • Limit construction activities to day time to provide recuperation time at night and reduce turbidity • Prevention of spillage of diesel, oil, lubes, etc . • Usage of appropriate system to barges/workboats for collection of liquid/solid waste generated onboard.
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• Avoid discharge of construction/dredging waste (lose silt) into sea. It may be disposed at the identified disposal point. • Ensure usage of suitable/proper equipment for dredging in order to minimize the turbidity and suspensions at the dredging site. • Checking with the compliance conditions before
discharging wastes into the sea water • Have a post dregding monitoring programme in place • Have a post dregding monitoring programme in place • Take up periodic maintenance dredging including inspection of sub sea conditions, etc. Occupational health and safety • Provision of worker camps with proper sanitation and medical facilities, as well as making the worker camps self sufficient with resources like water supply, power supply, etc. • Arrangement of periodic health check ups for early detection and control of communicable diseases. • Arrangement to dispose off the wastes at approved disposal sites. • Provide preventive measures for potential fire hazards with requisite fire detection, fire fighting facilities and adequate water storage.
Construction • Have a Transport Management Plan in place in order to prevent/minimize the disturbance on surrounding habitats • Initiate traffic density studies • Proper handling of excavated soil • Proper plan to collect and dispose off the solid waste generated onsite. Solid/Hazardous • Identify an authorized waste handler for waste segregation of construction and hazardous waste • and its removal on a regular basis to minimize odour, pest and litter impacts • Prohibit burning of refuse onsite.
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7.11 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT, RESETTLEMENT AND REHABILITATION
Socio economic study refers to study of human behavior in relation to its surroundings. It is multidisciplinary, using theories and methods from Sociology, Economics, History, Psychology, Geography etc. Socio economic impact assessment of the study area of a project is mandatory, prior to the implementation of a project. The study area consists of the core area where the proposed project is expected to come up and a buffer area encircling the project area with a radius of certain distance from the periphery of the core area. The said distance varies according to project/activity. For every new and expansion project socio economic impact assessment is mandatory as per the laws of the land. It is also mandatory for those existing projects that have opted for a change in product mix. Socio economic impact assessment focuses the effect of the project on social and economic well being of the community.
The impact assessment referred above is made through a socio economic survey conducted by a team of experts that often consist of a demographer, statistician, econometrician, social scientist, health expert and gender specialist. The outcome of the study relies on both quantitative and qualitative measure of impacts. The impacts are evaluated in terms of changes in community demographics, housing, employment, wage income, market effects, public services, retail business, quality of life and artistic qualities of the community. Qualitative assessment of community perceptions about development is an important measure of development impacts. Assessing proposed developments in socio economic context will help the community leaders and local people identify potential social equity issues, evaluate the adequacy of social services and determine whether the project has adverse effects on overall social well being or not.
OBJECTIVES OF SEIA The objectives of the current study are as follows: • To collect baseline data of the study area • To assess the impact of the proposed Mining project on socio economic characteristics of people living in the neighborhoods • To establish whether the impending impact would be direct or indirect
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• To examine whether the said impact would be positive or negative • To comprehend how long the positive impact will sustain or if it is negative how soon the same could be mitigated
CONCEPT & DEFINITION OF TERMS USED IN THE REPORT a) Study Area: The study area, also known as impact area has been defined as the sum total of core and buffer area with a radius of prescribed distance fixed for a particular sector from the periphery of the project site. For construction projects the study area is taken as 10 Kms radius from the periphery of the project. The study area includes all the land marks, both natural and manmade falling therein. b) QoL : The Quality of Life (QoL) refers to degree to which a person enjoys the important possibilities of his/her life. The ‘Possibilities’ result from the opportunities and limitations, each person has in his/her life and reflect the interaction of personal and environmental factors. Enjoyment has two components: the experience of satisfaction and the possession or achievement of some characteristic. c) Household : A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a common kitchen are called a household. Persons living in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of related or unrelated persons live in a house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not part of a common household. Each such person is treated as a separate household. There may be one member households, two member households or multi member households. d) Sex Ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of females to males in a given population. It is expressed as 'number of females per 1000 males'. e) Literates: All persons aged 7 years and above, who can both read and write with understanding in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to have received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard for being treated as literate. People who are blind but can read in Braille are also treated as literates. f) Literacy Rate: Literacy rate of population is defined as the percentage of literates to the total population aged 7 years and above.
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g) Labor Force: The labor force is the number of people employed and unemployed in a geographical entity. The size of the labor force is the sum total of persons employed and unemployed. An unemployed person is defined as a person not employed but actively seeking work. Normally, the labor force of a country consists of everyone of working age (commencing from 16 years) and below retirement (65 years) that are participating workers, that is people actively employed or seeking employment. People not counted under labor force are students, retired persons, stay at home people, people in prisons, permanently disabled persons and discouraged workers. h) Work: Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and direction of work. The work may be part time or full time or unpaid work in a farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity. i) Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are engaged in cultivation of land or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as workers. j) Main Workers : Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference period (i.e. 6 months or more in the case of a year) are termed as Main Workers. k) Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major part of the reference period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as Marginal Workers . l) Work participation rate : The work participation rate is the ratio between the labor force and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range). In the present study the work participation rate is defined as the percentage of total workers (main and marginal) to total population. m) Birth Rate : The ratio of total live births to total population in a specified community or area over a specified period of time. The birthrate is often expressed as the number of live births per 1,000 of the population per year also called natality.
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n) Death Rate: The ratio of total deaths to total population in a specified community or area over a specified period of time. The death rate is often expressed as the number of deaths per 1,000 of the population per year. It is also called Fatality Rate or Mortality Rate . o) Maternal Mortality Rate: Maternal Mortality Rate refers to number of women belonging to reproductive age 15 44 died during delivery of child. It is expressed as number of women died per 1,000 women. p) Infant Mortality Rate: The infant mortality rate, the number of deaths of children less than 1 year old per 1000 live births.
STEPS TAKEN TO PREPARE THE SEIA REPORT Various steps taken to prepare the SEIA report were as follows • Literature review • Identification of habitations and other land marks in the study area. • Visit to project site • Collection of secondary data • Planning and designing of the field survey for collection of primary data • Formulation of Data collection tools (Schedule/Questionnaire) • Field testing of Schedule/Questionnaire through a pilot survey • Training of field staff • Conduct of field work in villages and sample households • Scrutiny of filled in schedules • Data processing and tabulation • Data analysis and preparation of report.
APPROACH In the present study inductive approach has been adopted, which is also known as bottom top approach or climbing the hill approach. Under this approach first data was collected both from primary and secondary sources. After scrutiny tables were generated in pre designed formats. Subsequently, draft
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report was prepared after detail data analysis. The final report was prepared after incorporating the comments and suggestions of the client. METHODOLOGY For Socio Economic Impact Assessment of proposed Industrial Estate project GRC India recourse to systematic analysis of various Socio Economic characteristics, both in terms of quality and quantity. Accordingly, both qualitative and quantitative data was collected through primary and secondary sources. For collection of primary data a census cum sample survey was conducted in the core area and a sample survey in the buffer area. For collection of secondary data GRC approached the Census Authority in the state for published data/information, visited state and district portal and referred to administrative records of the state and district administration. The qualitative data deals with description; they can be observed but not measured. Hence, codes were extensively used during collection of qualitative data. They were decoded after data processing to facilitate data analysis and report writing.
CENSUS-CUM SAMPLE SURVEY IN THE CORE AREA Considering that the impact of the project is greatest in the core area and the same diminishes progressively as one move away from the core area to the periphery of the study area, a Census cum Sample Survey was conducted in the core area for collection of socio economic data. It is treated as a census survey as all the villages located in the core area were surveyed for collection of information. Further, in each village a household survey was conducted by drawing representative samples from a list of households prepared after complete mapping and listing. Since collection of information from all the households in a village is time consuming and expensive, sample survey approach was adopted for collection of information from the selected households in the above villages.
SAMPLE SURVEY IN THE BUFFER AREA In the buffer area, where impact of the project progressively reduces with the distance from the project area a Sample Survey was conducted for collection of data
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SAMPLE DESIGN Two stage sampling design was adopted in the rural areas of the study area. The first stage units were Census villages and the ultimate stage units were households in the selected villages. In the urban area three stage sampling design was adopted. The first stage unit was town, second stage units were municipal wards in the selected town and ultimate stage units were households in the selected wards.
SAMPLE SIZE While deciding the sample size the following factors were taken into account 1. Confidence Level (95 % , Table value : 1.96)
2. Degree of precision ( ): 0.5
3. Variation in population / Standard Deviation (σ)
At each level of sampling the following formula was adopted to arrive at the sample size. = √ {(1.96 *σ) / } Where = sample size, 1.96 is the table value of confidence limit, σ = standard deviation and = degree of precision The sample size at various stages is presented in the table below: Table 7.5: Sample Size at Various Levels Stage of Sampling Sample Size Remarks Rural Areas First Stage Unit (Census Villages) 12 Ultimate stage unit (Households) 204 17 households per village Urban Areas First Stage Unit (Town) 1 Selected town: Rewari Second Stage Unit (Municipal Wards) 2 Of 5 municipal wards only 2 were selected for survey (Ward no. 20 and 23) Ultimate Stage Unit (Households) 50 25 households per selected ward
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SELECTION OF FIRST & SECOND STAGE UNITS In the rural area Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) was adopted to select the villages from the list of Census villages, the size being number of households in a given village. In the urban area town having the maximum population was selected purposively. The wards were selected by adopting the sampling method Probability Proportional to Size (PPS). SELECTION OF ULTIMATE STAGE UNITS After completing listing of each structure in a village a list of households was prepared. The sample households were selected by adopting Systematic Sampling method from the above list of households. The above method was adopted since the sampling frame i.e. the complete list of households was readily available. The above procedure ensured each element in the population equal probability of getting selected. Number of households selected for survey in each village was 25. LIST OF VILLAGES AND MUNICIPAL WARDS SELECTEDFOR SURVEY Selected Villages: Bawal (project village), Behrampur, Bharangi, Bariawas, Akbarpur, Chhuriawas, Dodhai, Jalalpur, Kharkhari, Nangal Ugra, Rudh, Thothwalka and Kamalpur. Municipal Wards : Town Rewari, Ward no. 20 and 23
MAPPING & LISTING In each sample village complete mapping and listing was undertaken. The maps were prepared for the sample villages. These maps are hypothetical and not to the scale. Listing was done in Schedule 0.0. The objective of mapping & listing was to develop a frame for selection of households for sample survey. The map helped the field personnel to identify the sample households for collecting primary data. The Listing of structures was undertaken from south west corner of the village moving in clock wise direction and all the structures including hidden structures were covered for listing. Both residential and non residential structures were listed for the preparation of village frame. RESPONDENTS The head of the each selected household was the respondent for face to face interview and subsequent collection of information. REFERENCE PERIOD The reference period for field survey was 365 days from the date of survey
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TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION The following schedules/questionnaires were developed to collect information from the head of the households during field survey. 1) Schedule 0.0: House Listing : Schedule 0.0 was developed for listing of households in each selected village, which was later used as a frame for selection of households for collection of data. 2) Questionnaire 1A : Village Questionnaire The village Questionnaire was developed for collection of village particulars from the Sarpanch or other village officials. 3) Questionnaire 1B : Town Questionnaire The town Questionnaire was developed for collection of village particulars from the ward commissioner or other officials. 4) Questionnaire 2: Household Questionnaire The Household Questionnaire was developed to collect information on various parameters from the selected households in a village.
STUDY COMPONENTS I. Baseline Data Baseline data refers to basic information collected before a project/scheme is implemented. It is used later to provide a comparison for assessing impact of the project. Any attempt to collect base line data while undertaking actual impact assessment study is faced with recall errors.
A. POPULATION
Table 7.6: Demographic Particulars of the Study Area of Industrial Estate Project at Village Bawal, District Rewari, Haryana
Sr. Description Number Percentage to No. Respective totals 1 Gender wise total Population of the Study area 185725 100 Male 98036 52.8 Female 87689 47.2
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Sex Ratio (No. of females per 1000 males) 894 2 Sector wise total Population of the Study area 185725 100 Rural 136308 73.4 Urban 49417 26.6 3 Gender wise total population in Rural Areas 136308 100 Male 71957 52.8 Female 64351 47.2 Sex Ratio in rural area (No. of females per 1000 894 males) 4 Gender wise total population in Urban Areas 49417 100 Male 26079 52.8 Female 23338 47.2 Sex Ratio in urban area (No. of females per 1000 895 males) 5 Gender wise total Population (0-6 age group) 24234 100 Male 13422 55.4 Female 10812 44.6 Sex Ratio of 0 6 age group population (No. of females 806 per 1000 males) 6 Gender wise population (0-6 age group) in Rural 18098 100 Areas Male 9979 55.1 Female 8119 44.9 Sex Ratio of 0 6 age group pop ulation in rural area 814 (No. of females per 1000 males) 7 Gender wise population (0-6 years) in Urban Areas 6136 100 Male 3443 56.1 Female 2693 43.9 Sex Ratio of 0 6 age group population in urban area 782 (No. of females per 1000 males) 8 Sector wise number of Households and household 34973 size Rural 25301 Urban 9672 Average House Hold size for the study area as a 5 whole Average House Hold size in rural area 5 Average House Hold size in urban area 5 Highest Household size in the st udy are (in 5 villages 7
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namely Bawal (Rural), Rudh, Shahpur, Khera Murar and Mangaleshwar) Lowest Household size in the study area(Ward No. 22 4 of Rewari Town) 9 Total Population of Schedule Caste Community 37965 100 in the study area Male 19839 52.3 Female 18126 47.7 Sex Ratio (No. of females per 1000 males) 914 10 Gender wise Schedule Caste population in Rural 29547 100 Areas Male 15471 52.4 Female 14076 47.6 Sex Ratio of Schedule Caste population in Rural 910 Areas (No. of females per 1000 males) 11 Gender wise Schedule Caste population in Urban 8418 100 Areas Male 4368 51.9 Female 4050 48.1 Sex Ratio of Schedule Caste population in Urban 927 Areas (No. of females per 1000 males) 12 Total population of General Community 147760 100 (including OBC) Male 78197 52.9 Female 69563 47.1 Sex Ratio of General Community population 890 (including OBC) (No. of females per 1000 males 13 Gender wise distribution of General Community 106761 100 population (including OBC) in Rural Areas Male 56486 52.9 Female 50275 47.1 Sex Ratio of General Community population 890 (including OBC) rural areas (No. of females per 1000 males 14 Gender wise distribution of General Community 40999 100 population in Urban Areas Male 21711 53.0 Female 19288 47.0 Sex Ratio of General Community population 888 (including OBC) in urban areas (No. of females per 1000 males
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15 Total Literates in the study area 129322 100 Male 76866 59.4 Female 52456 40.6 Over all literacy rate in the study area 80.1 Male 90.8 Female 68.2 Gender gap in literacy rate 22.6 16 Gender wise distribution of literates in the rural 92577 100 Areas Male 56139 60.6 Female 36438 39.4 Over all literacy Rate in Rural Areas 78.3 Male 90.6 Female 64.8 Gender gap in literacy rate in rural areas 25.8 17 Gender wise distribution of literates in the urban 36745 100 Areas Male 20727 56.4 Female 16018 43.6 Over all literacy Rate in Urban Areas 84.9 Male 91.6 Female 77.6 Gender gap in literacy rate in Ur ban areas 14.0 18 Total Workers in the study area 67531 100 Male 48693 72.1 Female 18838 27.9 Overall Gender Gap in work participation rate 44.2 Overall Dependency Rate of Non workers over 175.0 workers 19 Gender wise distribution of Total Workers in the 51777 100 rural Areas Male 35619 68.8 Female 16158 31.2 Overall Gender Gap in work participation rate in the 37.6 rural Areas Overall Dependency Rate of Non workers over 163.3 workersin the rural Areas 20 Gender wise distribution of Workers in the urban 15754 100 Areas
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Male 13074 83.0 Female 2680 17.0 Overall Gender Gap in work participation rate in the 66.0 urban Areas Overall Dependency Rate of Non workers over 213.7 workersin the urban Areas 21 Total Main Workers in the study area 51093 100 Male 41871 82.0 Female 9222 18.0 Over all gender gap in work participation rate of main 64.0 workers 22 Gender wise distribution of Main Workers in the 36340 100 Rural Areas Male 29478 81.1 Female 6862 18.9 Gender Gap in work pa rticipation rate of Main 62.2 workers in rural areas 23 Gender wise distribution of Main Workers in the 14753 100 Urban Areas Male 12393 84.0 Female 2360 16.0 Gender Gap in work participation rate of Main 68.0 workers in Urban areas 24 Total Marginal Workers in the study area 16438 100 Male 6822 41.5 Female 9616 58.5 Over all gender gap in work participation rate of 17.0 Marginal workers 25 Gender wise distribution of Marginal Workers in 15437 100 the Rural Areas Male 6141 39.8 Female 9296 60.2 Gender Gap in work participation rate of Marginal 20.4 workers in rural areas 26 Gender wise distribution of Marginal Workers in 1001 100 the Urban Areas Male 681 68.0 Female 320 32.0 Gender Gap in work participation rate of Marginal 36.0 workers in Urban areas
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27 Total Household Industrial Workers in the Study 2594 100 Area Male 1284 49.5 Female 1310 50.5 28 Gender wise distribution of Industrial Workers in 2047 100 the Rural Areas Male 855 41.8 Female 1192 58.2 29 Gender wise distribution of Industrial Workers in 547 100 the Urban Areas Male 429 78.4 Female 118 21.6 30 Total Agricultural Workers in the study Area 24531 100 Male 15721 64.1 Female 8810 35.9 31 Gender wise distribution of Agricultural Workers 23436 100 in the Rural Areas Male 14841 63.3 Female 8595 36.7 32 Gender wise distribution of Agricultural Workers 1095 100 in the Urban Areas Male 880 80.4 Female 215 19.6 33 Total Cultivators in the Study Area 19603 100 Male 13011 66.4 Female 659 2 33.6 34 Gender wise distribution of Cultivators in the 18833 100 Rural Areas Male 12362 65.6 Female 6471 34.4 35 Gender wise distribution of Cultivators in the 770 100 Urban Areas Male 649 84.3 Female 121 15.7 36 Total Agricultural Labour in the Study Area 4928 100 Male 2710 55.0 Female 2218 45.0 37 Gender wise distribution of Agricultural Labour in 4603 100 the Rural Areas
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
Male 2479 53.9 Female 2124 46.1 38 Gender wise distribution of Agricultural Labour in 325 100 the Urban Areas Male 231 71.1 Female 94 28.9 39 Total ‘Other Workers’ in the Study Area 40406 100 Male 31688 78.4 Female 8718 21.6 40 Gender wise distribution of Other Workers in the 26294 100 Rural Areas Male 19923 75.8 Female 6371 24.2 41 Gender wise distribution of Other Workers in the 14112 100 Urban Areas Male 11765 83.4 Female 2347 16.6 Data Sources: Census 2011 B. AMENETIES
Table 7.7: Amenities available in the study area SN Amenities Type No. of Number of No. of Number of villages institutions towns institutions 1 Educational Primary School 97 107 3 23 Institutions Middle school 26 26 2 22 Secondary School 21 21 2 17 Senior Secondary 6 6 2 14 School Adult Literacy Centre 5 5 Other School 44 44 1 1 Arts and Commerce 1 1 College Arts, Commerce and 2 3 Science College Other College 1 2 Other Institute 1 3 2 Medical Allopathic Dispensary 2 2 1 Facility Ayurvedic Dispensary 6 6
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
SN Amenities Type No. of Number of No. of Number of villages institutions towns institutions Unani Dispensary 2 2 Maternity & Child 3 3 Welfare Centre Maternity Home 2 2 Child Welfare Centre 8 9 Family Welfare Centre 2 4 (6 Beds) Health Centre 1 2 (30 Beds) Primary Health Centre 1 1 1 1 Primary Health Sub 23 23 Centre Hospital 1 2 (70 Beds) Nur shing Home 2 32 (172 Beds) Total Institutional - 48 - 41 Medical Facilities Registered Medical 12 23 Practitioners SMP 1 1 Community Health 1 1 Workers 3 Drinking Water Tap 101 1 Well 94 Bore Well 2 5046 Tank 10 Tub well 65 Hand pump 63 1 Canal 4 4 Electricity Power for domestic 6 2 16955 uses Only Power for Industrial 2 682 Uses Power for Commercial 2 7403 Uses Power for domestic and 15 Agriculture uses Only All purpose 79 1 Street Light 2 1999
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
SN Amenities Type No. of Number of No. of Number of villages institutions towns institutions Others 2 199 5 Approach Road Only Paved Roads 41 Both Paved and Mud 24 1 Roads Both Paved and Foot 3 Roads Paved, Mud and Foot 32 Road ( Pagdandi) Kachh a Road 2 19.4 km Pakka Road 2 138.2 km 6 Banks & Credit Bank 2 23 Societies Commercial bank 6 Cooperative bank 18 Agriculture Credit 20 2 5 Society Non agriculture Credit 3 2 37 Society Other Society 5 7 Communication Bus Services 80 2 Facilities Railway Facilities 7 2 8 Post & Telephone Post Office 35 Land Line 48 134 STUDY AREA The study area of the proposed “Industrial Estate” project located at village Bawal, district Rewari, Haryana consists of 103 villages and three towns. The entires study area is spread over in district Rewari. The sub district wise distribution of villages and towns in the study area is given in the table below: Table 7.8: Sub-district wise distribution of villages in the Study Area Sr. No Name of the Sub-district Number of villages Number of towns District Rewari 1 Rewari 42 2 2 Bawal 61 1 Grand Total 103 3
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
The Table below presents distribution of villages and municipal wards in Bawal and Rewari town based on number of households living therein. Table 7.9 : Distribution of Villages and Municipal wards based on number of Households living therein Sr. Range of Households Number of villages Number of Municipal Wards in the No. towns located in the study area 01 < 50 4 02 50 100 11 03 100 300 56 Bawal 12 04 300 600 27 Bawal 1 05 600 900 3 Rewari 1 06 >900 1 Rewari Rampura 4 1 07 Un Inhabited Village 1 Total 103 19
Distribution of Villages and Municipal wards based on number of Households living therein Household Distribution 60
50
40
30
20 Number Of Households
10
0 < 50 50-100 100- 300- 600 - >900 Un 300 600 900 Inhabit ed Village Number of villages 4 11 56 27 3 1 1 Number of Municipal Wards in the towns located in the study 0 0 12 1 1 5 0 area
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
According to secondary sources greater part (88 percent) of the study area is agricultural land. The land use pattern of the study area is given in the following table and pie diagram:
Figure7.4: Land use pattern of the study area
Table7.10: Land use pattern of the Study Area
LU Class Area (Ha) Percentage Settlement 1761.59 3.42057 Vegetation 721.44 1.40086 River with dry channel 177.43 0.34453 Forest 1007.57 1.95645 Open Land 902.34 1.75212 Open Scrub 1582.56 3.07294 Agricultural Land 45346.9 88.0525 Total 51499.9 100
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
CURRENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF THE STUDY AREA 1. POPULATION COMPOSITION
Based on Census 2011 the population of the study area has been estimated at 185725persons.Of this 52.8 percent are Male and the remaining 47.2 percent are Female. About 13.0percent of the total population is in the age group of 0 6 years of which 55.4 percent are male and 44.6 percent are female.
The overall sex ratio in the study area has been worked out to 894 females per 1000 males, which are slightly below the national average of 943 females per 1000 males. The highest sex ratio in the study area is 1029 females per 1000 males which have been observed in village Ramsinghpur in sub district Bawal. On the other hand the lowest sex ratio is 571 females per 1000 males which have been observed in village Badh Jethu in the sub district Rewari.
The sex ratio of children in the age group 0 6 population has been worked out to 806 females per 1000 males, which is much lower with the national average of 919femalesper 1000 males. The highest sex ratio of this age group is 1167 females per 1000 males, which have been observed in the village Dhar Chana. On the other hand the lowest sex ratio 462 females per 1000 males had been observed in village Akbarpur. Gender Wise Population Composition in the Study Area is given in the figure below:
Figure 7.5: Gender Wise Population Composition in the Study Area
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
HOUSEHOLDS AND HOUSEHOLD SIZE
There are 34973 households in the study area and the average household size has been observed 5.The highest household size is seven which have been observed in five villages namely Bawal(Rural), Rudh, Shahpur, Khera Murar and Mangaleshwar in sub district Bawal. The lowest household size four have been observed in Ward no 22 in Rewari town. SOCIAL GROUPS
According to Census 2011, the total number of persons belonging to Schedule Caste community is 37965 , which forms 20.4 percent of the total population of the study area. Of the total Schedule Caste population 52.3 percent is male and the remaining 47.7 percent is female. The overall sex ratio in this community is 914 females per 1000 males. The highest sex ratio is 1750 females per 1000 males which have been observed in village Aram Nager where as the lowest is400 females per 1000 males, which has been recorded for village Chandu was. There is no Schedule Tribe population in the state of Haryana.
LITERACY STATUS & LITERACY RATE
All persons aged seven years and above, who can both read and write with understanding in any language have been considered as literate in this study. Based on the above criteria the total number of literates has been worked out to129322. The gender wise distribution of literate persons in the study area is 76866 males and 52456 females, which constitute 59.4 and 40.6 percent respectively to the total literates in the study area. The overall literacy rate has been worked out to 80.1 percent. The gender wise distribution of literacy rate is 90.8 percent for male and 68.2percent for female, creating a gender gap of 22.6percent. WORKERS
A worker has been defined as a person who participates in a productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit and such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. A worker may be a main worker or a marginal worker. The main workers are those workers who had worked for the major part (more than six months) of the reference period (i.e. 365 days from the date
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of survey). The marginal workers are those who had worked for less than six months during the last 365 days from the date of survey.
The total number of workers in the study area has been worked out to 67531, which is 36.4 percent of the total population. Of this 48693 are male workers and 18838 are female workers. In terms of percentage male constitute 72.1 and female 27.9.
Further, the main workers constitute 75.7 percent of the total work force, while marginal workers constitute 24.3 percent of the total working population. An in depth analysis of data has revealed that there is male dominancy in case of main workers, which is 82.0 while it is just opposite in case of marginal workers and the percentage is 41.5. This shows that female workers prefer to work as marginal workers after attending to household work.
Further, classification of the workers has revealed that in the study area about 36.4 percent of the total work force is ‘Agricultural Workers’, 3.8 percent are ‘Household Industrial Workers’ and the remaining 59.8 percent are ‘Other Workers’. Furthermore, of the total Agricultural Workers about 79.9 percent are ‘Cultivators’ and 20.1percent are ‘Agricultural Labor’. The ‘Other Workers’ includes white collar workers, blue collar workers, informal workers, industrial workers, mine workers etc. AMENITIES
Various Amenities available in the rural & urban areas of the study area are provided below: EDUCATION FACILITIES
According to secondary sources 95.1percent of the total villages in the study area are provided with educational facilities. There are 194 schools in rural areas. Of the total number of schools located in the rural areas 107are Primary Schools, 26 Middle Schools, 21 Secondary Schools, 6 Senior Secondary Schools and 44 Other Unspecified School’. There is no college in the rural areas.
In the urban areas there are 77 schools of which 23 Primary School, 22 middle schools, 17 Secondary schools, 14 Senior Secondary schools and one ‘Other unspecified school’. Further, in the urban area there are six colleges.
In the project village Bawal there is one each primary, middle, Secondary and Sr. Secondary School.
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
MEDICAL FACILITIES
The study area is lacking in health facility. Out of 98 villages only 40 have Health Facilities, which consist of health institutions and health workers. The health facilities available in the study area are inadequate taking into consideration the growing population of the study area. In the project village Bawal there is one Primary Health Sub Centre. The details of Health Institutions and Man Power available in the study area are given in the table below.
Table 7.11: Health Facilities available in the rural and urban areas of the study areas SN Type of Facility Rural Areas Urban Areas No. of Number of No. of Number of Village Institutions towns Institutions 1 Allopathic Dispensary 2 2 1 1 2 Ayurvedic Dispensary 6 6 3 Unani Dispensary 2 2 4 Maternity & Child Welfare Centre 3 3 5 Maternity Home 2 2 6 Child Welfare Centre 8 9 7 Family Welfare Centre 2 4 (6 Beds) 8 Health Centre 7 7 1 2 (30 Beds) 9 Primary Health Cen tre 2 2 1 1 10 Primary Health Sub Centre 22 22 1 1 11 Hospital 1 2 (70 Beds) 12 Nursing Home 2 32 (172 Beds) Total Institutional Medical Facilities - 55 - 43 (280 Beds)
14 Registered Medical 12 23 Practitioners 15 SMP 1 1 16 Communi ty Health 1 1 Workers Total Medical and Para Medical Man - 25 - - Power
AVAILABILITY OF DRINKING WATER
All the villages and towns in the study area are provided with potable water. The main source of drinking water is tap, which are available in 101 villages. The other sources of water are Well (94),
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
Tub wells (65), hand Pump (63), Tanks (10) and Canal (4).In the urban areas the source of drinking water is Bore wells, Taps and hand pumps. The water drawn from various sources are used for drinking, washing & cleaning purposes.
AVAILABILITY OF POWER
Of 104 villages located in the study area power is available in 101 villages. Of these in two villages it is exclusively for domestic uses. In fifteen villages power is available for domestic and agricultural uses. In 79 villages power is available for all uses. In the urban areas power is available for absolutely domestic (two), all purpose (one), street light (1999), commercial (7403), industrial (682) and others (199) in study area.
ROAD NETWORK
All the villages in the study area are approachable by roads. The roads in rural areas are classified as Paved Roads, Mud Roads and Foot Paths ( Pagdandi ). An in depth analysis of data reveals that in 41 villages only paved roads, three villages both paved and foot roads, 24 villages both paved and mud roads and 32 villages all types of roads are available. While, in the urban area 138.2 km only paved roads and 19.4 km kachha roads are available in the study area.
COMMUNICATIONS FACILITIES
Bus services are available in 80 villages and two towns. The Railway service is restricted to only seven villages and two towns in the study area.
POST AND TELEPHONE
There are Post offices in 35 villages and Landline telephone services in 48 villages.
BANKS AND CREDIT SOCIETIES
There are six Commercial Banks, 18 Cooperative Banks, 20 Agriculture Credit Societies, three Non Agriculture Credit Societies and five other societies in the rural area. The Banking and Credit services
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
are available to Commercial Banks (23), Agriculture Credit Societies (five) and Non Agriculture Credit Societies (37) in two towns in the study area.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT 1) Impact on Population composition The execution of the Industrial Estate Project, Phase II, III & IV at Industrial Model Township, Bawal will make direct impact on existing population of the area. According to Census 2011 the geographical area on which the industrial estate is being developed in a phased manner had 19,565 populations. In the II nd Phase it is expected to have 20,000 people. In the remaining two Phases viz III and IV it will provide additional of 30,000 people. Thus the total population of the Industrial Estate will be around 50,000.The development of the Industrial Estate at Bawal will therefore make significant impact on population composition of the area. It will not only result to change in sex ratio but also density of population. 2) Advent of Floating population Up till now the area has hardly faced any floating population. With the construction of the industrial estate project the study area will witness floating population, which comprises of non residential workers, staffs and visitors. This will escalate the population of the study area significantly during day time. However, there will be no major change in the population during night time if there are no overnight visitors. 3) Industrial Accommodation The Industrial estate project Bawal (Phases II, III & IV) will provide industrial accommodation to large number of prospective entrepreneurs as well as to those entrepreneurs who are operating elsewhere but want to shift in the above industrial estate for internal economies and various facilities. In Phase II, 68.20 percent of the total net planned area has been earmarked for development of industrial plots. In Phase III and IV, 39.79 and 27.96 percent respectively of the total area have been reserved for development of industrial plots. It has been tentatively decided that under Phase II as many as 261 Industrial plots will be developed. A large number of industrial units belonging to General Manufacturing, Automobiles, Garment manufacturing, Electronic & Electrical products, Auxiliary Industry, packaging industries etc are expected to come up in the above plots.
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4) Residential Accommodation Provisions have been made for Workers Housing (8.89 acres) and Residential & Rehabilitation for Project Affected Persons (PAP) (130.57 acres). Each of the above areas will be divided into several plots of various sizes, which will be allotted to the concerned group of people. It is hoped that residential Projects will increase the supply of residential accommodation at the place of work and thereby reduce the gap between demand and supply of residential accommodation in area. The residential plots exclusively earmarked for Project Affected Persons (PAP) will rehabilitate all those families/persons that have lost their land due to acquisition by the HSIIDC for the construction of the Industrial Estate. It is expected that 4000 to 4500 Project Affected Persons (PAP)/Project Affected Families (PAF) will be benefited due to allotment of residential plots. Development of residential plots for project affected persons, workers and others is a positive impact of the development of Phase II III and IV of Bawal Industrial Estate.
5) Acceleration in Urbanization Programme It is expected that the development of Phase II, III and IV of Bawal Industrial Estate will accelerate the urbanization of the surrounding area. The urbanization of the area is a positive impact of the Industrial estate project. However, this has to be undertaken more cautiously as it may cause negative impact on the socio economic aspect of people living in the area due to stress and strain on civic amenities and other infrastructure. It is suggested that for smooth development of the area perspective planning may be adopted and there should be adequate budgetary provision for the purpose. 6) Impact on Agriculture and existing land use pattern About 82.7 percent of the total study area is cultivable land. Of this 80 percent is irrigated land and the remaining 20 percent is un irrigated land. The major part of the land acquired by HSIIDC is irrigated cultivable land and the important crops raised were Wheat, Bajra, Rapeseed Mustard, Cotton and Barley. The acquisition of agricultural land for Bawal industrial estate, might have adversely affected the crop production in the district if agricultural productivity was not increased simultaneously in the remaining cultivable areas of the study area.
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
7) Employment opportunities
Phase II, III & IV of the Industrial Estate project at Bawal when completed will offer a wide range of employment opportunities to those who are coming to the job market. It will also offer affordable housing and a friendly environment to families who will like to move to this area to take up employment opportunities. The number of jobs to be created due to the setting up of the industrial estate depends upon various factors viz., number of industrial units promoted in the industrial estate; types of industries; facilities available in the industrial estate; cost of plots , nature of business etc. During the construction of the project many people will get temporary employment. They will be mostly local laborers from the nearby areas. Besides the above, many job seekers will get indirect employment mostly in the informal sector. They include day and night watchmen, gardeners, drivers, porters, cleaners, vendors etc. There is no dearth of skilled and unskilled manpower in the study area. Hence, it is expected that all the employment opportunities both direct and indirect, will be availed to the local people. It has been estimated that employment opportunities for 40,000 persons will be available under Phase II, III & IV. Creation of employment opportunities is a positive impact of the project.
Impetus to Infrastructure development
The Industrial Estate Project will pave the way for infrastructure development in the study area. It includes roads, parks, play grounds, bus shelters, community center etc. This is a positive impact, which will create further employment opportunities for the local people.
Impact on Health facilities
As already reported, health facilities available in the study area are inadequate in comparison to size of population living in the study area. The doctor–population ratio has been worked out to 1: 3279, which is distressing. With the construction of the Industrial Estate Project Bawal the demand for institutional health services in the study area will increase manifold. The Pre feasibility Report does not throw any light on the health facilities that would be provided in the proposed industrial estate. It is therefore suggested that one allopathic dispensary may be set up in the industrial Estate and one hospital outside the industrial estate but within the study area. Further, industries that are responsible for lead contamination may not be allowed to operate in the proposed industrial estate. Typical industries that
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
produce high amounts of lead and found operating in industrial estates are lead acid battery production and recycling; lead smelting and casting; manufacturing of lead glass and lead compounds; manufacturing of pigments, paint, and ceramic glazes; and recycling of e waste that contains Cathode Ray Tubes. These industries are health hazard and must not be allotted plots in the up coming Industrial Estate. The health effects of exposure to lead can be both acute and chronic, and the problems caused by lead poisoning are particularly dangerous and severe for children. Health problems associated with lead poisoning can include reduced IQ, anemia, neurological damage, physical growth impairments, nerve disorders, pain and aching in muscles and bones, memory loss, kidney disorders, retardation, tiredness and headaches, and lead colic, which impacts the abdomen. Severe exposure to high concentrations of lead can lead to dire health risks, including seizures, delirium, coma, and in some cases, death. Neurological damage is especially noticeable in children suffering from lead exposure. Even small amounts of lead poisoning are capable of causing lifelong developmental and mental problems. Exposure to lead in uterus can also cause birth defects.
People’s Perception about the Project Majority of the people (78 percent) interviewed during the sample survey welcomed the project, 16 percent did not support it and the remaining six percent refused to make any comment on it. Those who supported the upcoming project believed that it will generate job opportunities for the local people and expedite infrastructure development. Those who did not support the project stated that due to acquisition of fertile agricultural land many are in the verge of becoming homeless and without any livelihood. They further added that rehabilitation and resettlement packages that the state government proposes to release to the project affected persons are not only inadequate but also time consuming and the land losers often get entangled in the court of law. They further added that ‘employment to the sons of the soil’ is a myth. Conclusion Though the project calls for land acquisition but no change in the existing land use pattern is anticipated. The execution of the project will not disturb the people living in the area as there will be no blasting and large scale digging. The project will generate employment opportunities for both skilled and unskilled workers in the vicinity, which will produce multiple effects on the life and
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economy of the local people. Thus from socio economic point of view the project is beneficial to the people and can be executed with no hesitation.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF “INDUSTRIAL ESTATE PROJECT”, BAWAL, DISTRICT REWARI, HARYANA Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a management perception. It is through CSR a company (PSU & PVT) integrates social and environmental concerns in their business operations. CSR is a ‘Triple Bottom Line Approach’. It is a way through which a company achieves a balance of economic, environmental and social imperatives and at the same time attends to the expectations of shareholders and stakeholders. Since the fourth quarter of the last century CSR has become a strategic business management concept. Through it the company can make valuable contribution to poverty reduction. This Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to responsibility of a company to ensure positive impact on environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of public sphere. In India it is comparatively a new concept and the companies are still going through the learning curve. The CSR activities are increasingly being taken up by the project proponents not only as fulfilling of mandatory provisions but also for formation and enhancement of brand image. Besides the above, CSR is seen more as a responsibility towards society rather than a business promotion activity. It is the need of the day for expansion of occupational welfare. Keeping in mind the above view Haryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation (HSIIDC), Haryana have identified 12 society development activities, which they propose to undertake for the benefits of the people living in the study area. This will not only improve the socio economic status of the people but also enhance the reputation of the organization among the general public. The project proponent proposes to spend one percent of the total cost of the project phase (II, III, IV), for the benefits of the local community under CSR development activities. The total cost of the project is Rs. 1012.57 Crores (including II, III, IV phase) and the amount earmarked for CSR activities has been estimated at Rs. 10.12 Crores. The project proponent proposes to spend the above amount during the seven years since it takes up the development of the industrial estate. Based on ‘Community Needs Survey’ conducted in the study area by the Consultant the following activities are proposed to be taken up for the benefits of the local community:
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Purchase of two Ambulances fully equipped to manage basic Medical & Surgical emergencies
The rural areas of the study area are awfully lacking in medical facilities. Even for ordinary diseases the villagers have to rush to District Hospital, Rewari for immediate consultation. During emergencies shifting of patients to hospitals becomes nightmare due to lack of transport facilities. It is therefore proposed to procure four fully equipped ambulances with necessary fittings for providing basic medical & surgical services. Construction of Public Toilets in selected villages
The project proponent proposes to construct Public Toilets in 20 selected villages in the study area in a phase manner. It has been estimated that the cost of construction of one such toilet will be around Rs. 0.75 Lakhs. It has planned to construct ten such toilets in each year. Development of Drainage System in selected villages
There is no drainage system in the villages in the study area, as a result there is water logging that breeds mosquitoes and spreads water borne diseases. To make the villages free from health hazards it is proposed to develop Drainage system in selected villages. Supply of medicines to charitable dispensaries
Most of the charitable dispensaries in the study area run short of medicines for treating the patients. Often, they do not have fund to procure the same from the market. To augment the supply of medicines to the above dispensaries it has been planned to provide financial grants to them. Holding of Awareness campaigns on Women Empowerment
Though female literacy rate in the study area is pretty high but the women are not yet aware of their rights provided by the constitution. They are still looked down by their male counterpart in the society and their opinions are not taken in all the important decisions in the family and society. It is therefore proposed to hold awareness campaigns on women empowerment both in rural and urban areas of the study area at regular intervals. Cleaning of Village Ponds
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During the field visits it was observed that the ponds in the villages wherefrom water is drawn for cleaning and washing of cattle and for use in irrigation are contaminated and not fit for use. It has therefore planned to clean them at least once in a year. Repairing of Village Roads
The roads in the villages are in depleted conditions. They need immediate repairs and proper maintenance. The project proponent plans to repair them so that they could be used by the villagers at ease. Spraying of insecticides for protection from mosquito menace
Most of the villages visited during the field survey were found facing mosquito menace; as a result the villagers are exposed to Malaria, Dengue etc. The project proponent has therefore planned to spray insecticides in the mosquito affected villages. Grant of Scholarship to meritorious girl students of class V-XII
Scholarship will be granted to the meritorious girl students of class V to XII. Class wise no. of students and amount to be paid annually will be as follows: i. Class V: Rs.10000 each to 10 students, ii. Class VI: Rs.10000 each to 10 students, iii. Class VII: Rs.10000 each to 10 students, iv. Class VIII: Rs.10000 each to 16 students, v. Class IX: Rs. 10000 each to 15 students, vi. Class X: Rs. 12000 each to 20 students, vii. Class XI: Rs. 15000 each to 15 students, viii. Class XII: Rs. 15000 each to 15 students. Skill building interventions
Hundred twenty selected young people between age group 18 and 30 will be covered under skill development training program three times during the 7 years period. Each year 60 such
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Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
young people will be covered under the programme. Care will be taken to select more people from the rural areas and from backward castes. Construction of Bus Shelters The villages in the study area are not yet provided with bus shelters. As a result the passengers are exposed to hot sun during summer and rains during monsoon period. It is therefore proposed to construct bus shelters in few villages where bus passengers are greater in number. Construction of Panchayat Bhawan or Barat Ghar
The year wise tentative allocation of funds for various activities proposed to be taken up by the project proponent under CSR programme is provided in the table below:
Table 7.12 : Year wise allocation of funds for the various CSR activities proposed to be taken up
S. No. Activities Allocation of Fund (Rs. Crores) Year- Year- Year- Year- Year- Year- Year- Total I II III IV V VI VII 1 Purchase of two 0.25 0.25 0.36 0.3 1.16 Ambulances fully equipped to manage basic Medical & Surgical emergencies 2 Construction of Public 0.25 0.25 0.25 - 0.75 Toilets in selected villages 3 Development of Drainage 0.15 0.15 0.15 - 0.45 System in selected villages 4 Supply of medicines to 0.20 0.20 0.20 - 0.30 0.90 charitable dispensaries 5 Holding of Awareness 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.70 campaigns on Women Empowerment 6 Cleaning of Village Ponds 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.35 7 Repairing of Village Roads 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 1.40 8 Spraying of insecticides for 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.70 protection from mosquito menace 9 Gran t of Scholarship to 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.91 meritorious girl students of class V XII 10 Skill building interventions 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 1.05
HARYANA STATE INDUSTRIAL & INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION 191
Industrial Estate Project, Phase- II, III & IV Industrial Model Township , Bawal, EIA/EMP Report Distt. Rewari, Haryana
11 Construction of Bus Shelters 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.35 12 Const ruction of Panchayat 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 1.40 Bhawan or Barat Ghar Total 1.43 1.38 1.58 1.38 1.54 1.23 1.58 10.12
For each activity the funds to be finally earmarked by the project proponent will be decided after discussion with the local authority and the beneficiaries. It has been planned to undertake a concurrent evaluation of the activities to be taken up under the CSR programme.
Land is acquired from the nearby villages in different sectors. Detailed R & R plan is prepared which includes the detail compensation scheme for the villagers, is attached as Annexure X.
7.12 PUBLIC CONSULTATION Already been done.
HARYANA STATE INDUSTRIAL & INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION 192