Pre Monsoon 1984 & 1998

Home , Agra Canal, Guwardi, Hanumangarh, West Banas River

RAJASTHANWATER RESOURCES CONSOLIDATION PROJECT SECTORALENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

FINAL REPORT VOLUME3 E-411 Public Disclosure Authorized VOL. 3

/ ~~d Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized Preparedfor: The WorãdBank, Washíngton D.C and Project Preparation unit, RWRCP,Jaipur

Prepared by: UMA Engineering Ltd, Calgary, Canada ln Association with AGRA Earth & Environmental, Calgary, Canada Project Office: Kota, Rajasthan, India

Contract # A49096

Public Disclosure Authorized File # 9255-004--02

April 30, 2000

t-::~ ` Engineering Ltd. - fi4 `-s-Engineers, Planners & Surveyors

UMA EngineeringLtd. Enaineers,Planners & Survevors

2540 Kensington Road N.W., Calgary, Alberta, CanadaT2N 3S3 (403) 270-9200 FAX 270-0399

Aprl 30, 2000 9255-004-00-02 The TeamLeader ProjectPreparation Unit RajasthanWater Resources Consolidation Project lrrigationDepartment SinchaiBhawan, J L N Marg Jaipur302 017

DearSir,

Re: RWRCP-Sectoral Environmental Assessment Study: Final Report

UMAEngineering Ltd is pleasedto submitthe FinalReport for the abovestudy. The report is in threevolumes: Summary report (Volume 1); MainReport (Volume 2); and, Basin-wise EMPs(Volume 3).

The excellentassistance provided by you and your colleaguesenabled us to preparethis reporton time.

We thank you for the opportunityto associatewith your organization on this project.

Yours sincerely

Dr N A Visvanatha,P Eng Director (Environmentaland Water Resources) E-mail: [email protected]

CC: Mr S Rajagopal, World Bank, New Delhi Mr Geoffery Spencer, Wortd Bank,Washington D.C. Dr Rafik Hirza,World Bank, WashingtonD.C.

ProjectOffice: P.O. Box 112, New Grain Mandi Phone: 091-744-500781 Kota- 324007 Fax: 091-744-500609 E-malu: raladjp1.dot.net.in TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTIONA: BACKGROUNDFOR BASIN EMPs

SECTIONB: CHAMBALBASIN EMP

SECTIONC: OUTSIDEBASIN EMP

SECTIOND: MAHIBASIN EMP

SECTIONE: BANASBASIN EMP

SECTIONF: BASINGROUP 5 EMP (SHEKHAWATI& SABI)

SECTIONG: BASINGROUP 6 EMP(RUPARAIL, BANGANGA, GAMBHIR & PARBATI)

SECTIONH: LUNIBASIN EMP

SECTIONK: SABARMATIBASIN EMP

SECTIONL: BASINGROUP 9 EMP(WEST BANAS, SUKLI & OTHERNALLAHS) SECTIONM: IMPACTSOF GROUNDWATERMANAGEMENT REFERENCES SECTIONA

BACKGROUNDFOR BASIN EMPs

1 y~ aóed ooo O£Iudv £ auwnfllA- uodad leui-4y3S

------.... ------.- su!sHgcíf3 ueqls

SdtlW JIO1911

£~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4~ ÁOfelISa t' L

1--'----'------.------'--£ 3Wfl1OASO SlN31NOO £ I. e.)v... ------...... a dosL cn s Z '

LVs.------su!sH9~ JO bU!dflw9 ----- l'Z1I LV.------'------'---'-''------'--' '------SdW3E 3S!MNISV9 Z L

V...... ------. .... e -n0 -- -0 ----VL I £'I

1 .. 3dODS ONV 3SOddnd V L

....-...... CNnoE ns 0L

SIN3INO: JO I19V1 SdIN3 NISV9diO CONfNnOdIomov»

SECTION A BACKGROUND FOR BASIN EMPs

1.0 STUDYBACKGROUND

The Govemmentof Rajasthanis undertakingto improveirrigation policyreforms and water resourcesplanning activities under the proposedRajasthan Water ResourcesConsolidation Project (RWRCP) to increase the economic, technical, environmental,and social sustaintabilityof Rajasthan'sirigation sector.The RWRCPis in the projectpreparation stage for possiblefunding by the World Bank. The SectoralEnvironmental Assessment (SEA) study of the states' water sector is one of several preparationstudies undertakenin the project preparationphase of the RWRCP.Basin-wise Environmental Management Plans (EMPs)are preparedas part of the SEAstudy to assistin identifyingthe cumulativeimpacts at the sectorlevel. The SEAreport is preparedin threevolumes: summary report (Volume 1); main report(Volume 2); and, basin-wiseEMPs (Volume 3).

1.1 PURPOSEAND SCOPE

1.1.1 Purpose

EMP is an instrument(or tool) that details a) the measuresto be taken during the implementationand operation of a proposedproject (or a seriesof projects)to eliminateor- offset adverseenvironmental impacts, or to reducethem to acceptableleveIs; and, b) the actionsneeded to implementthe mitigationmeasures. The EMPsare preparedfor the water sectorprojects.

1.1.2 Scope

lhe EMPs consistof a set of mitigation,monitoring and institutionalmeasures to be taken during and post-projectimplementation. Environmental monitoring during the project implementationprovides informationabout key environmentalaspects of the project, particularly environmentalimpacts of the project and the effectivenessof mitigation measures.Institutional measures for capacitydevelopment and trainingwill addresstimely and effectiveimplementation of environmentalaspects of projectcomponents and mitigation measures.

1.2 BASIN-WISEEMPS

1.2.1 Groupingof Basins

For purposesof developingbasin-wise EMPs, the Rajasthan'sstate's river basinshave been groupedinto nine EMP basins. This groupingconsidered the levei of on-goingand planned projects implementation,as well as the physiographicand hydrologícfeatures of the respectivebasins. The nine EMPBasins (Map Ai) are: Chambal;the Outside;Mahi; Banas; Group 5 (Shekhawatiand Sabi); Group6 (Ruparail,Banganga, Gambhir & Parbati);Luni; Sabarmati;and, Group9 (WestBanas, Sukli and OtherNallahs). The necessaryinstitutional strengtheningand policyreforms to be undertakenare addressedat the state leveI and are discussedin the mainSEA report (Volume 2).

1.2.2 Methodology

The basin-wiseEMPs have been developedwith interdisciplinaryinput from professionais experiencedin the areasof environmentaland lrrigatior.Water Managementand Drainage Engineenng,Hydrogeology, EnvironmentalBiology, Plant Ecology,Sorial Development (Anthropology),Agronomy and Soils, and HRDand PublicConsultation. River basin'sagro- imgationsystem and watershedare continuouslyaffected by a wide rangeof naturalfactors SEA:Final Report- Volume3 Aprl 30, 2000 PageA. 1 such as climate, terrain, hydrogeology, domestic, municipal and industrial activities and effluent discharges. This means that the imgation system is a part of broader environmental, water, agnculture, industrial and watershed management issues. lt is an ongoing activity as part of the dynamic process of environmental management to evaluate, select and implement appropriate management options based on their ability to meet environmental standards, costs of implementation and maintenance, appropnate technology, and ease of implementation.

The environmental and social issues for different basins are categonzed in accordance to their present extent and possible impact as a result of implementation of RWRCP and planned projects to the year 201S.

The EMPs mainiy focused on the primary and secondary environmental issues impacted by the implementation and operation of proposed irrigation development projects. These include the RWRCP and other planned projects.

1.3 CONTENTS OF VOLUME 3

1.3.1 Basin-wise EMPs

The EMPs are presented under sections B to L with a sub division into the following four chapters.

Chapter 1 - Project Description: incdudesbasin features, water development projects - present and planned, proposed RWRCP and planned projects, including the non-imgation development projects.

Chapter 2 - Environmental Baseline Overview: includes an evaluation of current environmental situation focused on typical environmental and social issues.

Chapter 3 - Potential Environmental lmpacts of RWRCP

Chapter 4 - Environmental mitigation measures to sustain the positive impacts and mitigate the negative impacts.

The reader is advised to refer to individual chapters in Volume 2 of this report for sector- wide details in respect of the following:

o Environmental Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework (National and Rajasthan Sector): Chapter 2 o Environmental Issues: Chapter 5 o Impact Assessment:Chapter 6 o Analysis of Altemative Water Development Scenanos: Chapter 7 Public Consultation: Chapter 8 WMitgationPlan: Chapter 9 Institutional StrengttaeningPlan: Chapter 10 Environmental Monitoring Program: Chapter 11 * FoIlow-up work: Chapter 12

1.3.2 Section M

The basin-wise EMP preparation activities identified the díre need to concentrate on a holistic approach to integrated water resources management, cons.denng the surface and groundwater resources. Management of either one of the resources will impact on the sustainability of the other. A major issue that is common to ali basins is the identifrcation of the present status of groundwater exploitation and management. Within thís context, the reader is advised to refer to the main SEA report ( Volume 2. Annex 4.12). lI contains a

SEA. Final Report - Volume 3 Apnl 30. 2000 PageA. 2 discussion on the gaps in methodology for long term estimates of groundwater potential or the safe yield of the groundwateraquifer systems in various river basins.

The data base revieweddurng the sectoral EA and the EMP preparation activities essentially reflected the existing concemsand constraintsin evaluating environmental impacts related to groundwater development changes. The existing data do not adequately represent the current status of exploitation and management of the precious resource, considering the cumulative effects of the industrial, domesticand agricultural interventions in respective river basins and local and regional contaminationaspects of aquifer systems.

Based on the above rationale, Section M is a complementary discussion to Annex 4.12 (SEA report Volume 2 )on groundwater management. it is intended to be a stand alone section that presentsa summary of the existing groundwaterconditions and the associated impacts for the projected developmentchanges to the year 2015.

1.4 STUDYTEAM

The SEA study team consistedof expertise drawn from similar projects undertaken by the team members working on intemational and local projects. The following are the key professionaisand support personnel:

Project Management * Dr. N.A. Vísvanatha,Team Leader and PrincipalAuthor of Report * @MrR.C. Bower,Project Principal Dr. ChandraMadramootoo, Project Advisor iMr.J.W. Thiessen,Policy Advisor * islMr.B.P. Bhatnagar,Project Advisor

* Study Team - Ms. Leslie A. Zilm, EnvironmentalScientist - Dr. K.V.G.K. Rao, lrrigation & DrainageSpeciai:st Dr. SewaRam, Irrigation & Drainage Specialist Dr. L.K. Dadhich,Environmental Biologist Dr. R.C. Swarankar,Anthropologist Dr. L.N. Vyas, Plant Ecologist Dr. S.N. Mundra, HRD & Training Advisor Mr P.L. Vaya, Senior Hydrogeologist

Supportpersonnel for data processing,report typing and re-production Ms Uma Singh Mr S S Chaudhary Mr SatyendraGarg Mr Rajendra Gautam * Mr Ramkumar Agarwal

SEA Final Report- Volume 3 April 30. 2000 Page A. 3 E- P Basins River Basins

j -TtzeOut~de Brrn | 21 Sheêhawar

Mal _ _ _ _!______aa n g ang a -__ SmtaB S*b | Parba

_ RupanMBanganga,GabNr Parl1

VLunl _ F & 76 Banas-- [E I SSabamiat. l8 Cnal West onosSuki. OOher uIhs (9 Uuh

12 Wzit Banas

L14 0*wNaafmot JmawOu,n | 1 5 Tire Ouuue D.t'm

LEGEND |M ftbad OQuanmm `-

- ! ~Rrwriun

PUNJAB

J / V-Jó, > ~~~~~~HARYANA

( ( ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~DELHI

PAKISTAN J BMKNER

UTTAR PRADESH

\ BAR*GUJ_AR T

MADHYA PRADESH

wno ~~~MapAI: Map of Rajasthan EMP Basins

SEA, Final Report - Volumne3 Page A 4 April 30. 2000 SECTIONB

CHAMBAL BASIN EMP

CHAMBALBASIN EMP TABLEOF CONTENTS

1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION ...... ,,. . , , . . .1 1.1 BasinFeatures... B.1 1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects ...... ,.1 1.2.1 Plannedprojects .,..,., B.1 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activHties ...... 6.1 1.2.3 Non-irrigation development projects .B.2 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW .. 4 2.1 PhysicalEnvironment ... 4 2.2 ChemicalEnvironment ... 6 2.3 BiologicalEnvironment.. B.7 2.4 Socialand Cultural Environment .. 8 2.5 CommunityHeaHth Environment .. B.8 2.6 Summary .. B.8 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... B.9 3.1 General. . B.8 3.2 ImpactsSpecific to ChambalBasin .. B.8 3.2.1 RWRCP .6.9 3.2.2 Plannedprojects . B.9 4.0 MITIGATIONPLAN ...... B.9

LISTOF BOXES

Box B1: ChambalRWRCP (ha) ...... , ".,. . .. 1 Box B2: ChambalProject ...... B.2 Box B3: GudhaMajor lmgation Project ...... B.2 Box B4: AlaniaMedium trrigation Project, B.3 Box 85: SaranKhen Minor lmgation Project ...... 6,.3 Box B. Land Use (Mha)... 4 Box B7 CroppingPattem and Crop Yields. B.5 Box B8: Measuresto SustainPositive lmpacts ...... 6.,,,,.,,.,,B.10 Box B9. MitigationMeasures .B.10

UST OFTABLES

TableB1.1: An Overviewof featuresof ChambalBasin. B.11 Table B1.2: ChambalBasin Water Development upto year 201 5 .B.12 TableBl.3: SalientFeatures of Existing,Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Projects in ChambalBasin ...... B.13 TableB1.3.1 PlannedMajor lmgation Projects in ChambalBasin. B.13 TableB1.4 RajasthanWater Resources Consolidation Project PRFO and SAIFTComponents for ChambalBasin .B.14 TableB2.1: ExistingEnvironmental Conditions within the ChambalBasin .. 15 Table B3.1: ChambalBasin EMP: Impact Assessment Matnx for RWRCP. B.17 TableB3.2. ChambalBasin EMP: lmpact Assessment Matnx for PlannedProjects. B.19

SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page Bi LIST OF FIGURES

FigureB1: WaterQuality (Electncal Conductivity) of ChambalRiver ...... B.22 FigureB2: Water Quality(Eiectncal Conductivity, of downstream drains of sub-surfacedraínage areasin ChambalCommand ...... B.23

LIST OF MAPS

MapB1: ChambalRiver Basin Development .. 24 Map B2: Soil TypesKey Mapof ChambalRíver Basin .B.25 MapB3: Geologicalkey Map of ChambalRiver Basin.. B26 Map B4: Agro-ClimaticZones and IrigationDemand Zones in ChambalBasin .. 27 MapB5: GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon 1998) of ChambalBasin .B.28 Map BS.1: ChambalCommand Area Groundwater Depth (Post Monsoon 1998). B .29 Map B6: Changein GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon1984 & 1998)of ChambalBasin. B.30 MapB7: GroundwaterExploitation within Chambal Basin, 1998. B.31 Map B8: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinities ín ChambalBasin .B.32 MapB8.1: GroundwaterQuality in ChambalCommand Area (Pre-Monsoon, 1998). B.33 Map B9: GroundwaterKey Mapof ChambalBasin. B.34 MapB10: RAJADProject Area Profile Salinity EC > 4 dS/m (1995).B.35 MapBl1: ForestArea & ProtectedAreas Relative to PlannedProjects in ChambalBasin. B.36

SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Aprl 30, 2000 Page Bii SECTIONB CHAMBALBASIN EMP

1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION

1.1 BasinFeatures

The Chambalriver basinis the third largestriver basinin Rajasthan,located in the southeastempart of the state.Out of a total catchmentarea of about9.1 Mha, an areaof 3.13 Mhais locatedin Rajasthanwhile an arcaof 5.97Mha is locatedwithin MP state. Chambal river is consideredto be the only perennialriver flowing through Rajasthan, due primarlyto instreamreleases from four reservoirs.The importanttríbutares of Chambalriver in Rajasthanare: Alnia, Kalisindh,Parwan, Mej, Chakan, Parwati,and Kunu.The basin aquifersare mostlyhard rock type and have limitedyield potential. The basincovers whole of the districtsof Kota,Jhalawar, and Baran,most of Bundidistrict, and parts of Bhilwara, Chittorgarh,Dholpur, Sawai-Madhopur, and Tonk districts.The basin is semi-aridwith monsoonclimate with varablerainfail. An overviewof the basinfeatures is given in Table B1.1. 1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects

1.2.1 Plannedprojects The presentand projected scenario of inigationand nonirrigation projects and water demand in the basin are summanzedin (TableBI.2 and Map 11).These include: 153 existing projectswith a CCAof 362.400ha: 52 on-goingprojects with a CCAof 57,579ha; and376 plannedprojects with a CCA of 630,500ha likelyto be commissionedby 2015.The over-ali developmentis projectedto increasefrom 362,400 ha to about1,050.000 ha (TableB1.3).

Plannedmajor imigationprojects (Table B1.3.1 and shownin Map B1) include: five lift schemes(Gugar, Chambal, Pipalda, Indira and Dholpur);one irrigationproject (Kali Sindh) withoutlive storage;and four reservoirs(Dhanwas, Manohar thana, Parwan and Soni).The Chambal,Pipalda and Dholpurlift schemes will have part of their CCA in Banas,and Parbatibasins respectively. Indira lift scheme'stotal CCAwould be in Ghambhirand Banas basins.

1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities

The RWRCPcomponents (PRFO and SAIFT)are aimedat rehabilitationand modemization of existingimgation systems that have a low overali projectefficíency. The CCA of the proposedRWRCP projects is 210,046ha (Box B1) locatedin five districtsKota, Bundi, Jhalawar,Baran and Sawai Madhopur (Map B1 andTable B1.4)>

Box BI: ChambalRWRCP (ha)

Twoe major projects 171, 390 * Seven medoumprojects 32,529 FveSe minorprojects 61272

At the time of thisstudy, proposais for onemedium and one mincrproject were preparedby the PPU. Proposaisfor the other projectswould have to be preparedupon Wortd Bank approvingthe overaliRWRCP.

SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apnl30, 2000 PageB. 1 Inforrnationrelating to the proposedRWRCP components for the majorChambal and Gudha Irrigationprojects, the Alnia mediumimgation project and the SaranKhen minor imgation projectis presentedin Box B2, B3, B4 & B5 respectively.

1.2.3 Non- irrigationdevelopment projects

The SWPprojected a significantgrowth in the annualwater demands for domestic,industrial andlivestock.

< ~~~~~~BoxB2:Chambal Project

/1Location Barmge on Chambal River at Kota from \ whereRMC and LMC take off\ 2 Yearof Construction 1960 3 Lívestorage capacity, Mm3(Kota Barrage) 99 (50%of interceptedwater diverted to MP) 4 Left MainCanal * Lengthof canal, km 2.74 * Lengthof distributariesand minors,km 1,248 5 RíghtMain Canal * Lengthof canalin Rajasthan,km 124 * Lengthof distnbutanesand minors,km in 1,367 Rajasthan 6 CCA(Total LMC & RMC),ha 229,000 7 RWRCP,PRFOISAIFT and SIDDactiv:ty, ha 161,000 8 Actual lmgatedarea, ha 200,000 9 PresentProject Effic,ency, % 25 10 Projectedlmgatbon Efficiency, % 50 11 On Farmdevelopment completed, ha 75,000 12 SubsurfaceDrainage installed under RAJAD 15,000 Project,ha 13 Main surfacedrains re-sectionedand cleaned 104 underRAJAD Project, km 14 WUA Existing 72 t5 Water coursescieaned by WUA,km 2,000 16 IWAMpilot demonstratbonproject. ha 623 \ 7 Saline area (EC > 4 dS/m), ha 17,000/ \ 1 Post monsoon Waterlogged areas wlth water 105,000/ \ table depth wthin 3m, ha length, ha/

\ SorceRAJD(195) TAAL nd WPCO (198)SWP for Chamba ai

Box B3: Gudha Major IrrmgationProject

1 Location Damon Mejriver in Bundidistnct 2 Yearof Construction 1958 3 Yearof rehabilitation 1980 4 Lívestorage capacity, Mm' 95.57 5 CCA,ha 10390 6 Actualirrigated area, ha 7,858 7 PresentProject Efficiency, % 21 8 ProjectedIrr;gation Efficiency, % 50

< SourceTAHAL and WAPCOS (1998) SWP for ChambalBasin

SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Apnl 30 2000 Page B.2 / ~~~~BoxB4: Alania Medium Irrigation Project\

/ 1 Locatbon Dam on Alania rnver in Kota distrct.\ Pickupweir 12kmndownstream of Dam\ fromwhere RMC and LMCtake off. 2 Yearof Construction 196162 3 Livestorage capacity, Mm3 36.78 4 CCA,ha 7,882 5 Actualirrgation area, ha 6,620 6 lmgationIntensity, % 71.5 7 PresentProject Efficmency, % 18 8 Pro>ectedlmgation Efficiency, % 50 9 Villagesibeneficiaries 40 Villagesand 3073Farmers 10 Rehabilitationand modemization * Strengtheningof canalbianks * Linmng * Upgradationof canalstructures * WaterMeasunng Structures * Constructíonof VRB,pipe culverts o Repairof serviceroads 11 ProposedWater Users Associations 10 12 Problemsperceíved by farmers * Water is rarely supplied on the announceddates a Farmers in head villages get more water than those at middie and tail viliages * Outietsare not cleanedtimely Source:PPU, 1999

6 IyBox BS:Saran Kheri Minor igation Project

/1Lcabion Jahunanallah in Jhalaward stnct / 2 Yearof Construction 1983\ 3 Livestorage capacnty, Mm' 5.78 4 CCA,ha 1.377 5 Actualirrgated area 827 6 rrimgationintensity. % 60 7 PresentProject Efficiency, % 25 8 Projectedlrigation Efficiency,% 50 9 Villages 8 Viliagesand 488 Farrners 10 Rehabilitatíonand modemization o Strengtheningof canalbanks * Laning * Upgradationof existíngcanal structures o Watermeasunng structures * Constructionof VRB,pípe cutverts o Repairof serviceroads 11 ProposedWater UsersAssociations 4 12 Problemsperceíved by farmers * lllegalhfting of water o 10 percent water is wasted due to seepage a Unequaldistribution of water leads to inter-groupconflicts \ *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Damaged canal lining requires/ \ ~~~~~~~~~~~~immediaterepairs/ \ *~~~~~~~~~~~Serviceroads need repairs/ Source PPU,1999/

SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page B.3 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASEUNE OVERVIEW

The existing environmental conditions within the Chambal basin are summarized in Table B2.1. These are bnefly discussedbelow.

2.1 Physical Environment

Demography: According to the 1991 census, the population of the basin was 4.7 million (rural 76.5%). The year 1999 population is projected as 5.7 million. The forecast for the year 2015 is 7.6 million.

Soils: The soils of the basin have predominance of black soil (Chromusters), mainly aliuvial sand, silt and clay with texture mostly clay to clay loam. Calcium carbonate concretions (kankar) are present in some areas (Map B2). Heavy soils exist in several parts of existing irrigation projects , notably Chambal Command area of Kota Barrage lrrigation system. These heavy soils, have low permeability and poor intemal soil drainage characteristics.

Geology: The basin's aquifers comprise of aliuvium of recent consolidated rocks of Deccan trap, Vindhayan and Archaean age. Main rock types are limestones, shales and sand stones and schist (Map B3) . The aquifers being of hard rock type, have limited yield potential and storage capacuty.

Land Forrns: The westem part of the basin is marked by hilly terrain belonging to the Víndhyanchain, with fairly sioping terrain along the Chambal river and its tributaries. Eastem part consists of an extensive aliuvial plain sioping gently northwards and towards the Yamuna river.

Land use: Out of total land area of 3.136 Mha within Chambal, an area of 1.48 Mha (40 percent) is considered suitable for irrigation (Box B-6), of which, some 0.362 Mha or 25 percent, is within the existing inigation projects. Cropping pattem and yields of major crops in the basin are given in B7.

Box B6: Land Use (Mha) • Kharif O4 * Rabi 1.1 * DoubleCropped 04 * Fallow 0.2 < ~~~*Total 1.2

Irrigation Growth: With the completion of ongoing projects and implementation of planned projects, the total CCA in this basin would likely increase from 0.36 Mha to about 1.05 Mha. The ímgated area outside the CCA with groundwater is estimated as 0.526 Mha. It is projected to reduce to 0.468 Mha by the year 2015 due to growth of groundwater utilization by higher pnonty domestic and industrialsub-sectors.

SEA Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page B.4 Box B7: Cropping Pattem and Crop Yields

CroplSeason %Cropped Yíeld (tUha) Sugarcane 1 56.83 Kharif Soyabean 30 103 Maize 13 0.88 Jowar 8 0.67 Pulses 6 0.32 Paddy 2 1.72 Bajra 4 0.56 Others 36 Rabi Wheat 34 3.01 Mustard 32 1.09 Coriander 12 1.03 Gram 9 0.87 Pulses 1 1.18 Barley 1 2.01 Others 10 -

The proposed imgation system rehabilitation and modemization activities undertaken in the RWRCP could result in changes in the cropping pattem and crop types and a general increasein yields and farm income.

Agro- Climatic Zones: The basin is covered by the following five agro-climatic zones (Map B4):

* Zone III A: Semi-arid eastem plain, * Zone III B: Flood prone eastem plain, * Zone IVA: Sub-humidsouthem plain & Aravalli hilis, Zone IVB: Humid southem plain, and Zone V: Humid south eastem plain

Reservoirs: Out of the existing 7 major reservoirs,three upstream reservoirs (Gandhi Sagar, Rana Pratap Sagar, Jawahar Sagar)generate hydropowerand reguiatethe flow downstream upto Kota Barrage. The reservoírs at Kota Barrage, Harish Chandra Sagar, Parwati Pickup weir and Gudha provide storage for inigation development. The total live storage of these reservoirs is 9431 Mm3 . River Water Quantity: The total natural yield of Chambal River Basin within Rajasthan was computed as 24,094 Mm3. (TAHAL, 1988);The estimated flows at 75% and 50% exceedence probability are 14,035 Mm3/yearand 20,987 Mm3/year,respectively. Groundwater Tabie: The pre-monsoon 1998 water table in about 20 percent of the basin area was within 5 m, and in 60 percent of the basin area within 1Om below the ground levei (bgl) (Map B5). Within the Chambal Command 1998 the pre-monsoonwater table in about 105,000ha was observedwithin 3 m bgl (Map B 5.1) These areas are waterlogged(upto 2 m WID) or potentially waterlogged and prone to high soil salinity. A few areas have experienced decline in watertableduring 1984-98 (Map B6) particularly in Dholpur, Bundi and Jhaiawar districts. Groundwaterexploitation in the basin as a whole is in the safe category (Map B7), except Dholpur and Bundi in which the exploitation is in the semi-critical to cntical stages of development. Water Use: Water use in the year 1995 and water demand projections up to 2015, are given in Tables B13.1and Bl.2. The total water use of 2775 Mm3/yrduring 1995 is projectedto rise to 5926 Mm3/yr by the year 2015. The non-irrigation demand is about 15% of the total demand. SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page B.5 Sedimentation: TAHAL (1998) estimated siltation rates on the basis of data from existing reservoirs in the basin, as well as information on silt load observations at nver gauging sites maintained by CWC and ID. It is assumed that 55% of the incoming silt is in the live storage and 45% in the dead storage. The silt load for Chambal basin is reported as 214 2 rr.3lkmlyear. The reduction in live storage capacity over thé years is estimated to be less than one percent per year of silt deposit in the reservoirs. As the dams are designed for a 100 year life expectancy, the silt load in the basin is not considered significant.

2.2 Chemical Environment

River Water Quality: The municipal waste, untreated domestic and urban sewage, and several industrial wastes are being discharged into the Chambal river. As part of national monitonng network, the CWC has a few monitoring stations on Chambal river and its major tributaries ( Map 11.1, Volume 2). The SPCB and PHED have established water quality monitoring stations on Chambal river at u/s and d/s of Kota city.

According to the biological criteria developed by the CPCB, the Chambal river is classified as: Category C (moderately polluted) uts of Kota; Category B (Slightly polluted) in the stretches at Rameshwarghatbefore and after confluence with Banas river; Kota to Palighat, before confluencewith Parbati river and its tributaries river Parbati, Category B; and, rivers Kalisindh and Parwan, Category C. (Figure 4.3, Volume 2)

Water quality (EC) of Chambal river at upstream and downstream of Kota during 1996-98 varied from 0.2 to 0.4 dS/m (Figure B1). Similarly, water quality of the tributariesnamely Ainia, Kalisindh, Mej and Parbati showed variation in EC of 0.2 to 0.5 dStm. The river water is fit for irrgation and, for domestic use with treatment and disinfection. The subsurface drainage effluent quality is mostly within an EC of 2dS/m. (Figure 32)

Reservoir Water Quality: At the Kota Barrage Reservoir, the average EC (0.35 dStm), SAR and trace elements (zinc, copper, iron, maganese) are within the recommended limits and safe for imgation and drinking, with treatment and disinfection.

Groundwater Quality: Groundwater is used for irrigation and non-irrigation purposes. The groundwater quality within the basin (1998) is generally suitable for irrigation except some isolated patches (Map B8 and B8.1). Area having groundwaterunfit for drinking covers some 26 percent of the basin (Map B9). On the basis of analysis of more than 500 groundwater samples collected by GWD (1998), in about 90% of area groundwater is suitable for imgation. The areas with high EC mostly occur in scattered and isolated patches in Sultanpur and Etawa blocks of Kota district, and Keshoraipatanof Bundi district (Map B8.1).

The aquifers of Chambal basin generally exhibit a progressive change in quality of water after the on-set of monsoon. Both improvement and some deterioration in quality of groundwater were noticed during last five years. However, the water quality is well within the permissible limits for irrigation as well as for drinking. High values of nitrate in certain areas were observed possibly due to fertilizer use and other sources of agricultural pollution.

Soil Salinity and Sodicity, and Soil Fertility: The GOR Department of Agnculture (1969) estimated an area of 68,800 ha as salt affected under irrigation in the basin. Increase in sol salinity is observed in Chambal Command Area, mostly in Kota, Bundi and Baran distncts. Soil investigations conducted in approximately 60,000 ha under Rajasthan Agncultural Drainage Research Project, (RAJAD, 1995) identified saline area of about 16700 ha, (EC>4 dS/m), scaltered over the command (Map B10).

The soil degradation due to sustained removal of nutrients associated with more intensive cropping, inadequate use of organic matter and inappropnate use of fertilizers particularly in umgatedareas was observed in some parts of the basin. Discussionswith soil scientists and ago.m-iomistsfrom Agriculture Department and Rajasthan Agncultural Universily identified de.~,iency of nitrogen and phosphorous. In general, zinc deficiency in arcas under paddy- SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page B.6 wheat farming and suiphur deficiency in oil seed cropped area were also noticed. The average yield of irrigated wheat, gram, and mustard are 10 to 90 percent higher than non- irrigated crops (1996-98).

Pollution Sources: Industrial effluent, municipal waste including untreated sewage effluent, fertilizers and pesticides are the major sources of pollution. Kota is the prime industrialtown with DCM, Chambal Fertilizers,and mining industries besides Thermal Power Station (TPS). As part of industrial development in the state, RIICO has set up 14 industrial areas in Kota, 6 in Bundi, 2 in Baran and 10 in Jhalawar districts (RIICO, 1998) (Map 4.10, Volume 2). The major industries are reported having independent Effiuent Treatment Plants (ETP). The SPCB ensures that industries comply with the effluent treatment a=ording to standards.

None of the cities or towns in the basin have sewage treatment Plant (STP). Untreated municipalwaste and the sewage effluent are discharged into the Chambal river. There is a plan to install STP at Kota under ADB Project in the next 4-5 years. Under the GOI National River Conservation Plan, NEERI is concluding a study about sewage requirements and installationof an STP for Kota.

Fertilizer Use: The fertilizer use in the basin generally compares well with the use in the state. Dunng the period 1991-98,there has been a significant increase in the use of fertilizers (75% increase in N, 12% increase in P) in Rajasthan.The general perception has been that, at the present level of managementpractices, the farmers tend to use more fertilizer than required by the crops.

The average annual fertilizer use in the total cropped arca (irigated and unirrigated) during 1997-98 (in the form of nutrients,kglha) in different districts in the basin ( Map 4.12, Vol.2) is in the, range of 31 to 158 kglha. Considering that farmers apply fertilizer only in irrigated areas, then the rate of application ranges from 77 to 194 kg/ha, minimum being in Tonk and maximum in Kota. Discussionswith State Agriculture Department and RAU reveal that up to 200 kg/ha of fertilizer use (in lhe form of nutrients) annually in the prevailing croppingpanem is consideredsafe and would not have adverse residual impacL.

Pesticide Use: The pesticide consumptionin the basin during 1997-98 (in the form of TGM) has been in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 kglha of cropped area (Map 4.13, Volume 2), Kota and Jhalawardistricts being the highest users (1-2 kg/ha).

The water quality analysis from Chambal river water samples, monitored by the SPCB and PHED does not include pesticide parameters,hence the impact of pesticide use on dis river water quality is not known. The limited studies conducted during 1991-99 at RAU Research Station Durgapura (Jaipur) show some residual impact on vegetables. Monitoring of agricultural runoff with regard to pesticidesconcentrations is needed.

2.3 Biological Environment

Biodiversity and Conservation Areas: The basin is rich in plant diversity. There are five sanctuaries(Darrah, National Chambal, Jawahar Sagar, Ramgarh Vishdan, and Shergarh), and two closed areas (Sorsanand Kawalji) as shown in Map Bi.

Forest Area: The basin has a forest area of 785,600 ha under different categories(reserved, protected and unclassified) which is 25% of the total catchment arca of the basin

Map B-11 shows the general locations of planned projects. A few of the planned projects appear to be in the ciose vicinntyof forests as seen in the map. Projects proposed located within 10 km of the boundary of reserveciforests or a designated ecologically sensitive arca, or within 25 km of the boundary of National park or sanctuary will require environmental clearancefrom the Central Govemment.

SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page B.7 2.4 Social and Cultural Environment

Ten percent of the state population lives in Chambal basin, 78 percent in rural areas and 22 percent in urban areas. 40 percent of population is scheduled cast and scheduled tribes in the basin as against 30 percent at the state levei. The population density is 157 persons per sq.km as against 129 per sq.km. for the state. Average land holding is 2.6 ha against the state average of 3.96 ha . An average of 36 percent families are below poverty line as against 31 percent at state levei. The total literacy rate is 38 percent. There are 17.8 percent tribais: Bhil, Meena, and Saharia in Baran district. Among these saharia is dominated in 439 villages of two panchayat samities, Shabad and Kishengunj. lrrigation, agriculture, fisheries, afforestation and social welfare schemes are implemented under the GOR Saharia development project.

The birth and death rates in the basin are 3 and 1.67 per 1000 in rural and urban arcas respectively which are similar to the state level. Primary health centers exist in 13 percent villages where services of qualified doctors are-available. Other villages avail services of community health workers. The ratio of 908 women per 1000 men is neany similar to the state. ratio. The mean age at marriage is 15 years, which is an impediment to higher education and development of women. The fertility rate is 6 children per women as against 4.7 at state level. The female literacy rate is 20 peraent which is similar to the state average.

There are 1,973 cooperative societies, 25 NGOs. More than 72 WUA were recently organized within the basin.

2.5 Community Health Environment

Water bome diseases such as malaria, typhoid, amoebiosis, gastroenteritis, jaundicelhepatitis are common. During 1997, 12 cases per 1000 persons are reported for malaria. About 19 percent of the total cases of Malaria and 20 percent cases of amoebiosis in the state were from the basin.

The existing community health problems in irrigated areas are sketchy. Further data wili have to be collected from existing public health centres and medical facilities in the rural areas for a detailed assessmentof the problemof water bom diseases in the basin.

2.6 Summary

* The parameters significantly responsiblefor land and water degradation are the factors resulting in poor over ali project water use efficiency such as: excessive imigationwater losses in conveyance from distribution network; on-farm application losses; deferred maintenance of canais and drains; and, inappropriate to overuse of fentilizers and pesticides. The present over ali iíigation effíciency of existing major and medium imgation projects in ali the basins is in the range of 3% (Bagolia project - BanasBasin) to 37 % (Jawai project - Luni Basin). Consequently,project areas face waterlogging and soil salinity, poor imgation service interms of adequacy, reiiability and equity affecting land use, crop yields, economy of the farmners,and in general their quality of life. • The deferred maintenance of irrigabon and drainage systems has also been responsible for water stagnation in the drains and along canal banks at various places in the command encouragingwater poilution and sources of íncreased water bom diseases. • The disposal of untreated industrial pollutants and the municipal waste into nvers, streams and canais or spread on land surface cause quality detenoration of surface and groundwater resources. * Excessive use of fertílizers, pesticides and weed killers decrease the soil and water quality. • Withdrawal of in-stream water for the planned projects will in-tum reduce downstream flows and may infnnge on downstreamwater nghts.

SEA: Final Reporl - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page E. 8 • Projects located in the vicinity of forested areas, conservation areas and heritage and historical sites may cause disturbance to natural fauna and flora and may eventually damage the heritage places. * GW use in the basin for irrigation could reduce to about 1050 Mm3/yr in the year 2015 from the present use of about 1200 Mm3/yr, mostly in non-command areas. GW development in the basin as a whole is in the safe category. A few potential zone areas are experiencing fali in groundwater leveis in the districts Baran, Bundi, Dholpur, Jhalawar and Sawai Madhopur (GW Resources of Chambal Basin,GWD, Kota, 1999). Bundi and Dholpurare in semi-criticalstage of GW development (Map B6 and 87).

3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

3.1 General

A discussion on impact identification, methodologyand guidelines for prediction of impacts and typical examples for the RWRCP and planned projects is contained in the SEA Report (Volume 2). For the Chambal Basin, the impacts for RWRCP and planned projects are presentedin Tables B3.1 and B3.2, respectively.

3.2 lmpacts Specific to ChambalBasin

3.2.1 RWRCP

Although, the projected impacts are mostly positive, there would be a concem on possible reduction in groundwater recharge due to rehabilitation and modemization of inigation systems, particularly in the armaswhere water table is declining, for example in Bundi and Dholpurdistricts.

3-.22 Planned projects

*D Most of the planned projects appear to be in areas in which the groundwater exploitation is within safe limits. New irrigation in such areas will provide an environment conducive to increased recharge. The impacts will be two fold: a reduction in pumping depths for domestic demand in over exploited areas in the lift inigation schemes and, an increase in waterloggingconditions in shallow water table areas. ln both cases, the conditionswill promote the need for judicious integrated surface and groundwatermanagement. * The new irrigatedCCA requirescarefuI planning, consideringthe vast bio-diversityin the forest and protected areas.

4.0 MMGATION PLAN

The mitigation measures mainly pertain to: efficient use of surface water; conjunctive use of surface and groundwater; adequate drainage; improved management practices for agnculture inputs such as INM & IPM; regularmaintenance of 1& D systems; involvement of WUA in the distribution; management and maintenance of canais; and, industrial and municipal waste water efluent treatment before discharge into nvers or spread on-land surface or use for iffigation.

Water quality monitoring, analysis and enforcement of legal requirementsto maintain the effnuentquality from industries, sewage and agriculture runoff should be ensured by the suggestedagencies (Chapter 11, Volume 2).

SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page B. 9 Box B8: Measure to Sustain Positive Impacts

RWRCP Planned Projects * O&Mof I&D network * IWAM * IWAM * O&M of 1&Dnetwork * OFD * Newdrainage network * Groundwatermanagement * OFD * INM,IPM,weed control * Groundwatermanagement Effiuenttreatment a WUA formation * Provisionof drainage * Water Pncing * Infrastructuredevelopment such as roads, * INM,IPM, weed control& training marketsand credit& lnputfacilites * Avoidance of locating projects near -ecologicalsensitive areas * 100%membership in WUA * -Infrastructure developmentsuch as roads, * Farmers/NGOtraining marketsand credit& input facilities * Water supplyand sanKtation

Box B9: Mitigation-Measures

RWRCP Planned Project * Groundwatermanagement (control of over * IWAM exploitationof GW) * OFD * AgriculturalDrainage * Maintainin-stream flow requirements * O&M of l&D network * INM,IPM, weed control * Effuent treatment * Water supply& sanitatíon \ * Communityhealth

Appropnate discussion related to each of the measures has been presented in chapter of the SEA Report Volume 2.

SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page B. 10 Tabie B1.1: An Overview of Features of Chambal Basin

S.No. Basin Features Value Infarmation Source 1 Catchment areawithin Ralasthan 3.136 Mha Tahal 2 Dlsticts Area Km2 % of Basin Arca Kota 5,342 17.0Tahal Jhiawar ,225 19.8 Baran 68521.9 Bundi 55917.7 Chittorgarh 29619.4 Bhilwara 1,165 6.4 Tonk 546 1.7 SawaiMadhopur 1.908 6.1 Dholpur 259 2.8 3 Populatlan 'Miion> 1991 1995 2005 2015 Rural 3.6 3.8 4.6 5.3 Tahai Kota City 05 06 0.8 0.9 Other Towns 06 07 1.0 1.5 Total 4 7 5.2 6.4 7.6 4 Total culturabieama (Mha) 1.48 9th Pian Averaqe imciatedarea (Mha) 0.75 5 Total mean annual surtice Water ptential (Mm3NYr) 8.059 9th Pian Utílized (Mm3ivr) 2.775 Tahal O/oUblized 34 6 Total Groundwater annual recharg_ (Mm_ 2.635 GVWD,GOR * Utilzed (Mm31vr) 963 __%Utblized 37 7 Total CCA (ha) ExistingProíects 362,429 Tahal On oinq Proiects 57.579 ProposedProiects 630.531 Total 1,050,540 8 Arca Irrigatedusina Groundwater (ha) ______Existng 589,176 Vital Statistics = In te year 2015 (assumed) 494,826 9 Water Transfers from Chambal Basin (Mm') To Banas Basin 634 Tahal To GambhírBasin 214 * To Parba0 Basin 50 10 Non-4rrlaation Water demand (Mm3Iyr) 1995 Domestic 213 Tahal *ndustnal& Cooling 102 Líve stock 86 _Total 401 Sources:1t)TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998,Water ResourcesPlanrung for ChambalRiver Basn 2) Proect Preparabon Unnt 3) Departmentof Imgabon . GOR, Jaipur. 1996. Reportof the Working group on Imgabonfor The Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-2000) 4) Ground Water Department,GOR, 1999, Gm'undWater Resources of Rajasthan (Imgabon Potenbal)as on January, 1998

Note. The values have been compiledfrom vanous sources and adopted. with best judgement for this SEA study. Therefore these values may not be appropnatefor designing development works (both RWRCP and planned proects) within and outside the respective CCAs.

SEA- Final Report - Volume 3 Apnl 30. 2000 Page B 11 Table B1.2: Chambal Basin Waler Development uplo year 2015

Water Development Irrigatlon Rehabliltation Non-Irrlgallon Ol er Water Prolects Projects Prolects Prolects RaInfed Watershed"' Evaporatlon 1 Basin's WR WR OFDC41 OFD RWRCP Domestic Llvestock Industrial Agrieullureo" Dev. & Soll ponds SW GW Transfer with PRFO& Urban Rural Thermal Other Conservation stagnant Import1r SSD SAIFT power water Command Non bodies command Present development Area (MhaO 0 362 0034 O 526 00.075 0.015 0 888 0.01( Wateruse: MmÇr 2,775 85 1,180 ._ 134 79 8 98 4.6 Expansion uplo 2015 Area o0Mha) 688 0.007 0.05i 0.045 0015 0.21 - 1 00 0 07 3 Waler use: Mm' /r -3,151 -18 -129 -898 - - _ 881 33 2 93 2. Year 2015 cumulatIv. AreaIMba 1 051 0.026 0.46 0.120 O030 _ - 0.20 0.08 projections Waler use: Mmv 5.926 _ 67 1.051 -898 . . _ 222 1 _ 1 191 T.1 _

1 Wale exportlo Banas,Gambhir and Parbatlbaslns 2 Rainted agricultureIs assumedas lolal area suilablelor irrigalionminus lhe Canal CommandArea. 3 WatershedDevelopmenl Program Constilute upto 30%inigated area wllh the individualbiock (PanchayalSamiti) in lhe IXlh Plan.Present development is tor 1996-98.Projections based on 5000 ha/yr 4 Possibledevelopment al the presenlpace of work (eslimaledfor lhis sludy)

Eleclricitygeneralion (251 MW) at Gandhi Sagar,Rana Pralap Sagarand JawaharSagar Dams for Hydro-power

Sources. 1) TAHAL& WAPCOS.1998 Waler ResourcesPlanning for ChambalBasin. 2) GroundWaler Depariment,GOR, 1999,Ground Waler Resourcesod Ralaslhanlrrlgalion Polenlial as on January1998 3) CAD,Chambal 4) WalershedDevelopment & SouiConservalion Deparimenl. GOR, Jaipur and regionalolfice Kota. 5> Direcloraleof Agricullure.Ralaslhan, 1998. Vital AgricullureStalistics. 1997-98

Nole The valueshave been compiledfrom varioussources and adopled. withbest Iudgemenlfor 'his SEAmtudy. Therefore these valuesmay not be appropriatefor designingdevelopment worl

~~SEA: FinalReport - Volume3 PagoB 12 Aprll 30 2000 Table B1.3: Salient Features of Existing, Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Projects in Chambal Basin~~

Status Class No. of Free Catchment Live Storage CCA Projects Area Capacity km' Mm3 ha Existing Maior 7 41.481 8.850 269,917 Medium 12 10,437 276 50,102 Minor 134 3,401 263 42.410 Subtotal 153 55.319 9.391 362.429 Ongoíng Maior Medium 7 1,327 207 43,014 Minor 45 10 64 14.565 Subtotal 52 1.337 271 57,579 Proposed Maior 10 2.618 1,743 431.519 Medium 20 2,006 687 112.531 Minor 346 83 517 86,481 Subtotal 376 4,707 2,947 630,531 Basintotal 61.363 12.609 1,050.540 CCA: Cultural Command Arca Major: CCA >10,000 ha Medium: CCA 2.000 - 10, 000 ha Minor: CCA <2.2000 ha Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS. 1998.Water Resourres Pianningfor Chambal River Basin

~~Table B1.3.1: Planned Major Irrigation Projects in Chambal Basin~~

~~Catchment Lhvestorage Project RlverlTributary arma capacty CCA~~

______km ' M mn' ha Dhanwas Ahu 509 85 22.000 Kalisindh. 1P Kabísindh 569 o 40.200 Manohar Thana Garhaanqa 140 266 54.249 Parwan 1P Parwan 1.228 175 33.740 Gugar Litt Parwatb o 510 76.700 Soni Mani 171 68 10.500 Chambal Líft Chambal o 300 43.200 Dholpur Lift o 340 34.000 lndira Litt o o 104.000 Pipalda Lift C__OO 12.930 CCA Cultural Command Area Source :TAHAL & WAPCOS. 1998 Water Resources Planningfor Chambal Ríver Basin

~~SEA-Final Repori - Volume3 Apnl 30. 2000 Page B 13 Table Bl.4: RajasthanWater ResourcesConsolidation Project PRFOand SAIFT Componentsfor ChambalBasin.~~

~~1YVearof Culturable S.No. Nameof Project District CompYetion Commandarea~~

Major Project 1 IChambalCanal System Kotaand Bundi 1970 161.000 2 Gudha Bundi 1958 10,390 Sub Total 171,390 Medium Pro ects 1 Alnia' Kota 1962 7,882 2 Bhimiet-Adheypura Bundi 1956 2,931 3 BundiKa Gothra Bundi 1966 5,483 4 Barda Bundi 1962 4,037 5 UmmedSagar Baran 1928 2,968 6 ParwanCanal System Baran 1870 6,173 7 Mansarovar SawaiMadhopur 1957 3.055 Sub Total 32,529 Minor Projec_ 1 Raiti Baran 1,312 2 MundhiyaKheri Jhalawar 1950 591 3 SaranKheri- Jhalawar 1983 1,377 4 PechKi baori Bundi 1958 947 5 Paibalpura Bundi 1956 1.900 Sub Total 6,127 Total 210,046 Source: ProjectPreparation Unit ProjectProposal for ModemisationPrepared

~~SEA:Final Report- Volume3 Apnl30. 2000 PageB 14 Sheet 1 of 2~~

~~Table B2.1: Existing Environmental Condition within the Chambal Basin~~

Existing S.No. Environmental Baseline Inforniation Conditions 1 Physical Demography(million) 1991 - 4.73, 1999 -5.70, 2015- 7.64 Topography West-part híll terramnsiopmng to Chambal nver system. East part extensive alluvial pian sioping gently north wards Soils Predominance of black soil(Chromusters),mainly aliuvial sand, silt and dlay, texture mostl day to cdayloam. Presence of laver of calcium carbonate concretions (kaniar) Geology AJluvialof recent consolidated rocks of Deccan trap, Vindhayan and Arctaman age. Uppe Vindhyan system to recent aliuvium system. Mamnrock types are limestones, shales, sand stonesand schist. Land Forms Plateau and hilly temrain Land Use Imgabíe arca 40% (12453 km2) Land use dasses (kmn): kharif - 4445, Rabi * 1105, Double cropped - 4300, Fallow - 2603 Water Distnbuton Transfer of surplus water to Banas (634 Mm3) .Gambhir (214Mm3) & Parbat (50Mm3).Total area intercepted by dams inside Rajasthan is 12718 sq.km (40% of basin arca). Spnnkle sets :3,671. lmgated by sprinker 18,355 ha. lmgation Growth Exisbng Proiects-7 major, 12 medium, 134 minor, ongomngprojects-7 medium, 45 minor Proposed proiects : 10 maior. 20 medium and 346 minor. Cropping Panem Major crops sown area m the basmi(imgated & untmgated) dunng 1996-97: Kharif - Paddy 2%, Jowar 8%. Soybean 30%, Kharif Pulses 6%, Maeze13%. Rabi - Wheat 34%, Mustard 32%, Gram9% Conander12%, Rabi Pulses 1% and Sugarcane 1%. Climate Basmnmean rainfall - 797mm; ramnydays 49; humrdity - moming 50% & evemng 33%; wund speed 2.8 to 9.7 km/hr. Reservoirs 7 major on -stream reservoirs (indudmng3 hydropower), total live storage-9431 Mm"; No ofl stream reservoirs. Ríver Water Quanlty Annual basmnyield 20.987 Mm3/vrat 50%, exceedenceprobabilitv Drain water Quantity Seepagelosses from canal system-about30 % of canal supplíes. Grouna water table Pre monsoon SWL (1997-98) <3m in 162,000ha; 3 to 1Dm in 1,905.000haand in rest >10m below ground levei (bgl). In Chambal command in 1998. SWL<1.5m in 28,000 ha m pre monsoon and in 60.000ha in post monsoon penod Sedimentation Slt load mnChambal Basin 214 m3 ~kr2lyr (basis of estlmation Sangod stream gauging site data and Gandhi Sapar progect studvl 2 Chemical Ríver Water Quality Chambal nver (1996 & 1998) EC 0.2 to 0.4 dS/m (similar trend at UIS and DIS of Kota). Based on CPCB bio WQ dasification. Chambal is mostly C; Kalismndh& Parwan C; and Parbati B class Reservoirwater qualíty Kota barrage reservoir(1999) EC 0.35 dS/m. SAR 6, RSC -0.1 meq/l, Zjnc 0.02 mg/l, Coppe 0.03 magl,Iron 0.04 mg/l, Manganese 0.03 mg/ which are wvthin límits of A caassuse

GroundwaterQuality Mostiy good, EC 0.6 - 1.5 dS/m. Isolated saline patches considered unfit lor dnnkimng.26% area cdassifiedunsuntable for dnnking. Sod Salinity & Sodiciíy& SoulAbout 16,000 ha on Chambal Command area: Several Patchy Saline arcas Deficaencyo Qualit Zinc and Sulphur. Point source Pollution Industnes like DCM. Chambal Fertiluzers,Mining There are 32 industria amas. Thmreis no hot spot. Diffuse source Pollutlon Sewage disposal in nvemrs.No STP. Esbmatedsewage from 31 towns in the basin:11 Mm3 in 1999 Ferilizer use Total NPK 2,01,813 T (1.42.391 t N, 58,144 t P & 1,276 t K) in 1997-98 Trend miK decblne. Use per ha wthin recommendedlimits Pestucideuse 945.6 t T.G.M. (1997-98), per ha use 0.7 kg/ha. Average level of use is low. Residue levei in vegetables observed mnsome cases more than MRL according to RAU studies Weed Kíller Neaqlible 3 Biological Desen Environment Not Applicable Natural desert Flora Not Appicable Endangeredflora Not Appiicable Desert Fauna Not App_catle Conservationareas 8 Sanctuanes and 3 Closed areas (Kanak Sagar. sorsan Kwalli) Lakes No Lakes Wíld life Bíp Felines to small mammais. Local and miQratedbirds. Snakes and lizards Forests (Sq. km) Mostly dry deaduous forest. Forest area (sq.km., 1993-94):Reserve2217, Protecaed5470 Undassufied 169 (Total 7856 sq.km.). (Source: Raíasthan Forest Staustics 1997, Fores Department. GOR) A few planned projects in ciose vicínity o? forests

~~SEA Final Repon - Volume 3 Apnl 30. 2000 Page 8 15 Sheet 2 of 2~~

~~Tabie B2.1: Existing Environmental Condition within the Chambal Basin~~

Existing S.No. Environmental Baseline Inforrnabon Conditions Wetiands Víliages tanKs and smali reservoírs Endangered fauna Great lndian Bustard bird (Godwan). Black buck. lndian gazeile, Indian Wolf, Panther, Tiger. _ Peafowland Indian Cr ile Bio-diversity Ruchin plant divers,tv but deqraded due to man made activáties 4 Socio- Cultural Crop Yíelds Crop Yíeld ín basmn(199697) tiba, Paddy 1.7. Jowar 0.67, Soybean 1.03, ajra 0.56. Maize 0.88, Wheat 3.01 Barly 2.01. Gram 0.87. Mustard 1.09. Rabi Pulsos 1.18. Sugarcane 56.83

Food for Work Program No applicabie Land tenure (1995-96) Averaoe síze of holding 2.6 ha. Settiemeni Pattem (1991) Populabondensity 157 personsisqm. Ouality of life (1995-96) Total líteracy rate 38%, Decadal growu rate (1981-91)26%. Birth rate per 1000 - 3. Death rate per 1000 - 2. Electricdtyconsumpton: 1607.4 MkwhrIyr. Gender eouíty Gender equity, 899 wonen per 1000 men. Fernaleliteracy rate 20% People partciratjon Water Users Assocations 72 in Chambal Command,CooDerabve Soceties 1973. Tounsm Performingarts-folk ctJture. New Hoteis Histoncal sites Sntesof Archacologicalhistonc. religion, cultural & aesthebcvalue-13 NGO imolvement 25 NGO Indigenouspeople Sahanyapnmibve tnbes. Bhil and Meena in Baran Distnct 5 Cammunity Heaith (Cases eported in 1997) Maiana 64.397: cases per 1000- 13 Gastroenentis 83.613. cases poer1000 - 17 Jaundice 1.784 Diarrhoea 1t02,874:cases per 1000 . 21 TvDhad 9.208: cases per t000 - 2

~~Source: Soe References~~

~~SEA Final Report - Volurne 3 Apnl 30. 2000 Page B.16 Sheet 1 of 2~~

~~Table 93,1: Chambal Basin EMP: Impacl Assessment Matrlx for RWRCP~~

RWRCPCompononbs: Improvedirrigaiion managementand transfer: Agriculturalintensliicalaon; Sustainable ground waterresource managemenl RWRCPActivitios: Rehabliltationand modernhzal,onoí l& systems In 210.000 ha LIning ol canais and water courses(as needed): rehabiliation of structures: serviceroads: flow measurement: removal of unaulhorisedoutiets. remodelingol outíets; formation oaNWUA and Water DistribuüonCommittee. trengtheningagricultur eextension, and. farmer training through PRFOand SAIFT SNo. Environmnta tmenta Rating ao Impacts for Signfi canco Measures to custain Mitigation Measures IResidual Impacts Paramolar Impaci of Project (scopel magnitudel directionl neutral or positivo Impacbs for negativo Impacts ______11duration/ reversibility) [ 1 Physical 1 Demography No impact Nil Negligibie on a fasin w,de basis 2 Topoqraphy Land kmprovement Locailiowfpositiveilong-termoirreversible 3 Soils waler bqqinq Reducedwatertoqging Local 1 low/positivel bong-termlreversible O&M of l&D network 4 Soíis Quality Increasedfertility IWAM 5 Geoloqy No impact Nil 6 Land forms 7 Landuso head end e Land use mlddio Some Improvemenl localilowlpositivellong-termlreversibie IWAM, O&M of 16D network 9 Landuse lail endr Change Iromsinge to multi-croDplnq 10 On-larm development OFD/limprovediand leveillno LocaUtow/positive,long-terrnirreversible OFD t1 Waler disiribution System Increasedsupply lo tail end. Increased LocaUibwl positive/ bong-termlreversible IWAM. OM of I&Dnetwork irrrigaionetficlency 12 Drarinagesyslem Improveddramnage Local/mediumtposiltve/ong-lermreverible

13 Irlqation Intensity Increase Local/ bowlposlNive/ iong-term/ reversible 14 IrrgatronGrowth 15 Cropplnglntensity Local/wb positive/ ona-termlIrreversibie 16 Croppingpantem IntUoduclionof hilh value crops Local/ ibwlpositive/ long-toermlreversibie 17 Climate No umpact Nil 18 Reservolrs 19 Surfacowater quantity SomeIncrease Locaitow/pasitlve/iong-term/reversible downstream 20 Drain water quaniuty Reducedquantity LocaUowtpositive/bngtermlreveoible O&M ol IS networkr 21 GW aquifer Recharge Reducedrecharge Locail/owilneglSlMong term/reversibio Controi oí over expoiata[iono0 GW parlicularly In Chittaurgarh and Dholpur, GW deplh

monitoringe. 22 GW depletion No Impact NO - 23 GW fabie rise Lowerwater labie Localf ibwl positive/ bong-term/reversibie Controiof over expioilatiin ot GW parflcuiariy inChdtaugarh and Dholpur. GW depth monhiorng** 24 Conlunctive use Hnrrease 25 Erosban Clean,ngof canais. water coursos & Bashn-wbe/mediumlpositivO/long-terml OW ot 10 networtr 26 ___Sed ___m__n______n drains reversible 26 Sedrmeniation______2 C~homicai 27 Sufaco waeir quaity Reducedponutbn Irom agro-chemicas locaV lowl positiveobong term/ reversible INM: IPM; weed control: troatment aI industria downstream j ______and municipal eflfuents:WQ 2P Oramwater quamty improvemenldue to INMMIPM LocaUmedlum/positiveo short-lemi revrsibio monftoring_

~~See Note ai Sheet 2~~

~~SEA FmnalReport - Volume 3 Pagoe 17 April 30. 2000 Sheet 2 ol 2~~

~~Table B3 1: Chambal Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for RWRCP~~

RWRCPComponentm: Improvedbrigation managementand transfer, Agriculturaliniens,fcat,on, Sustalnableground water resourcemanagement RWRCPActlvitIos: RehabibtatiOnand modernizahionof tbD systems m 210.000ha Lining of canais and water courses (as needed).rehabllietaion of slruciures, servtckroads; flow measurement; removal of unauthorisedoutlets. remodelengot outlels formaonI c WUA nd Wae Dislbuon Commhae. trengthenng agrocultur exlenton: and, farmr training through PRFO and SAIFT 5 No Environmontai Polenflai Environmenial Rating al impactq for Significance Meanires to sustain Mitigalion Measures Residual impacts Paoameter Impact ot Project IscopoI magnitudol dírectionl neutralor positivo Impacts for negativo Impacta ______durationt reversblility_ 29 Reservou Water Oual,ty No impact N,l 30 GW drinkinq qua'iN 31 GW irr.qation qualily 32 SoNisahnmtv Reductronin soNiSalinitv Local/ bowtpositive/ long-termJreversibie Provisionof drainage 33 Pornt source pollutbin No Impact NHl 34 Dliuse source potlulin 35 Ferlelzer use Balanced usa Locatnow/neulrallong-termlreversibte INM 36 Pesficedeuse _PM 37 Weed keílr use Weed control &trainin_ 3 Btogica__l_ 38 Conservalion areas No empact Nul 39 WlMdble 40 Forests _ 41 Endan eredflora 42 Lakes/waterbodies 43 Bsodiversity 4 SocdaCultural 44 Crop vicid Increase Locat lowt posilivel tong-term/reversible IWAM 45 Food or Work priam No impact Nil 46 Land lenure 47 Settiement palenrn 48 Ouality ofi Ie Improvemeni hnsocb-economy, Local/ mediumt postive/ bang-term/ infrastructure devebopmentsuch as roads. inceoasein hteracy rateaincrease lh per Irrevensible markels and creui &tlnpul taciltles capita lncome 49 Gender equ'ty tmproved status ol wvomen,increasehn locaUhlghI positevettong-terml ireversible fiteracy.more participalionIn farming and decsion 50 People parnlcipation tncreased partcelpationthrough WUAs Local/ highi/positiveltong-terml reversible Farmer training: 100% membership ln WUA

51 Tour.sm No Impact Nu 52 !±.slorícai soles . 53 NGO _ Increased envoNeement localAowlpositive/Aong termirever5ibla NGO traingn 54 lndoqenouts people No proiecl proposalHn trnbal area Nii 5 Commsuntty 4 Nattip -__c-l__

56 Ouseasesrural lDecreasein Ihe Incidence ol malariaa ocal/ bwt posibvetbng-termt reversibie ter suppiy & anitation and olher waler related diseases 1 57 Diseases-Nva stock No Impadi Mil______Nole 1) Scope Local.t s whinfe1 km of the proposed developmnt activityh basin.wldeis wílhin Ihe basin Itself. regonal i wihin Ralasfthen 2> Magnilude H,gh meani >75%. medium i5 between 50-75%,bow is 25-50%and negligebieis bessthan 25% 3) Direction Nel positi. negative or neuiral Impact 41)Ouralton bong-lermh >10oyeara, medeum -lerm Is 2-10yeart shorf ferm is <2years 5) Reversibility Reversible01 InreversibleIpotshivo o negabve)Impacl tol he resourcripopulation lwlhin a proiectedlima -tramo 0o 15 years>. 6) Parameternrequiring monlitorngand denoted (-

~~See Nole ai Sheet2~~

~~SEA Final Report- Volume 3 Pago R tU A.pr5 30 2000 Sheet 1 ol 3~~

~~Table 83 2: Chambal Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for Planned Prolects~~

Planned Projects (Upto 2015): lfrigalion expansion n 57,000 ha (ongoing projecís), new irrigalhonprojecís in addilional 630,000 ha waler developmenl lor non-agriculture projecis 240 Mm' (Industry. domestbc,liveslock, Ihermal power) S No Environmental Potentlal Impacts Ratlng of Impacts Measuro to sustaln Mltlgation measures Residual Impacts parameter (scopel magnitude/ direction/ duratfonl neutral or poshlve Impacts for negative Impacts or benefits T______reversíbílíty, 1 Physlcal _ 1 Demography Populalíonincrease due lo improved quality Rasin wide /high /positive liong lerm Airreversible lncreased agriculture oulput. ofli e increasedwater suppiy 2 Topoqraphy Land improvemenl in irrigaled area Local Aow/posilive Ilongterm /irreversible environmentally beneficial, 3 Soils Waterfoggng Ríse in GW levei. walerlogging in new Basin wrdel medium/ negatUvo long-terml reversible IWAM, OFD and subject lo mitigalion measures CCAs Agricultural drainage being implemented 4 Sois Quality Improve Basin wide/medium/positivel lonq-term/reversible IWAM 5 Geoloqy No impaci Nu 6 Land forms 7 Land use- head end Rainfed agriculture to irngaled agriculture, Basin wideimedium/posive1fong-.erm/reversible IWAM & ObM of IbD network Change in cropping paltern 8 Land use middle 9 land use tailend 10 On-larm development Inerease LocaUmediunmpositive/Aong-termvirreversible Appíicabie OFD rodel 11 Water distribution system increase in agriculture and non-agricultural Regional / high /positive/ long-lerm/ ifneversible OFD. IWAM OSM of IbD demands network, WUA. Water Pricing 12 Drainage syslem Some improvement. Basin widelmediumvpositiveilong-termfêrreversible New drainage network 13 lrrigation Intensity Increase Basín wide/mediumlpositiveoongterm/reversible IWAM, OiM of ibD network,

14 Irnigalion Growth Irrigalion expansion Basin wIdeo/high/ positIve/ long-temilirreversible OFD, IWAM,ObM ol IbD ______network. WUA 15 CroppmngInte sify lncreased multiple cropping Basín widelmedium/positive/long-term/irreversibe IWAM 16 CroppmngPaltem tnlroduclion ot hrgh value crops Basin widetmediumvpositive/liongtermvreversible IWAM 17 CNsmale Improvement possible Basin wide/ bowlpositive/ bong-tenn Irreversible . t e Reservoirs New reservoirs buulf Local/negigible/lneoald~lfong-tem/ Irreversible Pr ect spedfic 19 Surface waler quanlity Reduced in-siream flow Loca! bow/negatia/ short-terml/reversible Maintain in-stream 11ow re uirements 20 Orain water quantity Increased drain now Basin widelmedium/negatfre/tong-term /reversibie

21 GW aquifer recharge lncreased recharge Basin wide/mediumfpositivo /iong-term/ reversible OM ol IbD network, IWAM 22 GW deplelion NegNimbl______IWAM 23 GW table Rise in water table Basmnwide/medium/nega2hre/long-term Ireversible O&M of IbD network, OFD, IWAM 24 Conjunctive use Increase local/ bow/posilive/ long-lerm/ reversible Monitoring of GW exploitation and enforcement^^ 25 Eros,on Noi signuricani 26 Sedimenlat.on ___

~~See Note al Sheet 3~~

~~SEA Final Report -Volume 3 Page o 19 April 30. 2000 Sheel 2 ol 3~~

~~Table 03E2 Charnbal Bastin EMP: Irnpact Assessment Matrix for Planned Projecta~~

Planned Prolecis (Upto 20151:lrrigation erpansion in 57000 ha (ongoingprojectsl. new irrigation plojecis in addilional630,000 ha watet developmentlor non-agricullureprojecis 240 Mm' (Induslry, domeslic. liveslock, Ihermaipowert S No. Envlronmental Potential lripact% Rating ot Impacts Measuru to susWatn MUIRk11onmeasuresResidual lmpacts parameter (scopel magnltudel directlon/ duratloni neutral or positive Impacís for negative Impacts or beneflts . ~~~~~______evor1tbtttUUy 2 Cherwical _ _s_ 27 Surtar e water quaMty Oetnorated in stream and diam water Bas,n wideí medium/ negalmii reversibte Maintain acceptable water downslteam quality; increasedindusírial and dornestic quality INtv IPM efnuent etnuent; and increased pesticideuse ticatment and moniloring and enforcemeni **

28 Drain waler qualily Delenoralion due lo increased agro- Basmnwidelmediumlnegatlve/reversible INM, IPM. Moniloring^* celOmicaisuse 29 Resenvoirwater qualily Negligiblê Nil 30 GW drinInr9gquality Improved GW qualily, deterioration in Basin widel mediuml posítive & negative/ long-termi Eflnuenttreatnent and industrial areas reversible enlorcemerrnln Industrial areas 31 GW irngalion quality tmproved GW quatity Basin widel mediumi positive 1 long-terml irreversible

32 Sodsal nity lncíeased soil sainity ln CCA> Basin widel medium/ negataye/Iong.teml/ reversible OFsleInsWAMO&M ot MID syslems; provislonivi drainace 33 Point sourcepollu ton Some mncrease tocalowtOgglltonglerrntreversibte lrearment ot industrial effluentand entorcement 34 Diiuse s~rcs pottution Unlreated sewageefftuent disoosal in Locat!mediumiegativefJorg-termlreversiblo Sewage ettluent rivers canais and drainage syslem; Irealmenl. Moni;oring of deterioration d( sudace WO, and aquiter etlíuenl *^ and potlulion enforcemenl 35 Fertilizer use Increased lerilier use Basin widelmediuml neutrall tong-lermnreversibte IFm 36 Pesticide use lncreased peslicide use and lurgicides IPM 3?7 Weedlilter use inciease _ Weedcontrl S traningi

38 Conservaion areas Minima impact*l tocilowl neutrali long-teiml irreversible Avoidence of tocaling projecis Environmentatly benetici for near ecological sensitiveareas biodiversity and wild lile _devetopm______ent 39 Wuidlile 40 Forests 4t Endanqerednora 42 Lai(es/waterbodies 43 Biodiversitt _____

~~44 Cróp yield Increase Basin wide/ high/ positive/ ong-terrn/reversible IM ociocutura on~~

~~45 Food for work r ram No impacl 46 Land tenure iland ho;ding) Changestiomi dr1yandlo trigated Basin widel low/ neutral tong.lermnlirreversible~~

~~47 Setemenl paiierni Migrationaarrcutture_ ftOm other arcas. increasein Ba-in_ _ widel_ _ _mediuml _ _ _ _ posilive _ _ _ _iereversfbie ______pODulaliondens'tY ______-~~

~~See Nole al Sheet 3~~

~~SEA Final Reporl - Volume 3 Page a 20 April 30, 2000 Sheet 3 of 3~~

~~Tabie 93 2: Chambal Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for Planned Projects~~

Planned Prolects (Upto 2015): Irrigation expansion n 57,000 ha (ongoing projecis). new irrígation projects in additional 630.000 ha .ater development lar non-agriculture projects 240 Mm' linduslry, domestic, livestock, thermal power) S No Environmental Potential Impacts Rating of Impacts Measure lo susta/n Mitigatlon measures Residual Impacis parameter (scopel magnitude/ directionl duration/ neutral or positivo impacts for negative impacts or benefits . ______r verib iit )) ______reversibility 48 Ouatity oa life Improvemenl in socio-ecorromy increase in Basín wíde/ highl positíve/ long-termi/irreversíble Infrastruclure development lteracy rale, increase in per capila income such as roads, markets. credil & inpuf taclities 49 Gender equity Improvemenl in trre stalus ol women. Basin wrde/ high/ posiotve/long-term/ irreversibie inerease in lileracy. more participation in farmrng and decision making 50 Peaple parlicipation rnali staqes oí project developmenl Basin widel high/ positivel long.term/reversible 51 Tourism Increase localtlowlpositivenlongtermlirreversible 52 Hfstorical sutes Not known ai Ihis stage Require pronectspecific ______e v a luevalatio 53 NGO lncreased mnvolvement Basin wide/ medium/ neutrall long-terml reversible

54 Indíqenouspeopie Mínimal impact Local/ low/ neutralt bonq-termfirreversible . . 5 Community Health .. 55 Drseases urban Reduced water relaled díseases due to Local/ low/ Positive lorng-term/reversible beIter waler supply 56 Díseases rural lncreased water bom diseases In project Low/mediumlvngalliong termlreversible Ensure rural water supply areas and sanitation; monitoring oa water quality;

57 Diseases live.tock Reduceddiseases due to bether Locatl/ wl positivel lbnglterm/ Irreversible nourishmentl _ _ Note 1) Scope Local is wilhin 1 km ol lhe proposed developmenl acbivity, basin-wide is wilhin lhe basin itsetl, regional is wittin Rajasthan 2) Magnitude Iliqh means >75%, nedium is between 50-75%. Iow rs 25-50% and negligíble is less than 25% 3) Díreclion Net posidive.negative or neutral impacl 41 Duration long-lerr is >10 years. medium -lerm is 2-10 years, short - termiis 2 years 5) Reversibility Reversible or irreversible (positive or negative) impact to the resourcelpopulation(within a projected lime - frame ol 15 years) * 6) Planned prolecís woutd nol be implemented within 25km oí ecologrcal'y and otherwise sensilive areas (Source Goea.1992) é. 7)Parameters rerquiing monmtorng and deioied

~~SEA Final Report Volume 3 Page B 21 Apfi1 30 2000 (n m~~

~~EC, dS/m~~

~~n~~~~~- _. _ M MM W,\,s w cS cw w. w .v v .v u cJune,96 ) - . O ~~~~CD 3v u JuIy,96 -~~

~~Aug.96~~

~~Sep,96~~

~~Oct,96 o~~

~~-n Nov,96 -~~

~~CD Dec,96~~

~~Jan, 97 t~~

~~Feb,97 -~~

~~0 RI 3O Mar,97~~

~~n Juneri,97-~~

~~_ ~ ~May,97~~

~~iJ N,Juy,97 - o o o tx9 Jue,9 ~~ JuIy~Oc,97--~~

~~Novg97~~

~~O~~~Ot9~~

~~< Nec,97~~

~~o Jan, 97 o~~

~~> ~~~ Feb,98~~

~~O ~~~~~Mar,98 o~M~ 4~~

~~( 3 w~~

~~e~~ Bhindi-.~ Baks -Khempura- Kotsuwa -- -- Toran 2~~

~~-- Laserdal -e-Laserda2 Maiza - Chari -- Jaloda~~

~~--- Bhindi -+-Balkasa Khempura -- Kotsuwa Toran~~

Figure B2: Water Quality (Electrica Conductivity, dSlm) of down stream Drains of Sub Surface Drainage areas in Chambal Command (Source. RajasthanAgricultural Drainage and Research Project, Chambal Command, Kota)

~~SEA Final Report - Volume 3 Page B.23 April 30, 2000 LEGEND Dlstrkt Heod Oucrters, Pond c4 toundories~~

State, DIstrkct, Rlver Bosin - Conal. River. ProposeCd COvOl - ' Scate 1.2,100.000 Sanctuary. Cdo,e Arco Ar.choqI0co1 Excovotions. HistoricolPloce O Trbd Comnwmity Mjor Ccmand Areo Existing. Proposed 1

~~~te Co nd aro for prapO.d ptojmcti has b on nt~oted btd On thoeqle CCA. in SWP 1998~~

~~oOrs~~

~~MAE~~

~~Source: IIAHAL (1998) MAP WRP2 Map Bi' ChambalRiver Basin Development~~

~~SEA: Final Repor1 - Volume 3 April 30. 2000 Poge B.24 PARSA1I RASINt~~

~~CHIT1AURGARHOISTRICT J ~C. 01 loo HOPU DSTIC~~

~~26 C H-~~

~~BHII~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' ROIC80 DIVAC~~

~~Source:TAHAL& WAPCOS, 1998.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T WaterResourcesPlanning for Chambal BasinÊ CH:in-al RepoR-DSTR-VlmCPgT.2 pi 3,20~~

~~fjI3~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~pi 30 20000P~0 ó ó ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- F»M~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AR rl RASIN STAIE BOUNOARY OHOLPURDISTRCT OYUR~~

~~O'STRICYBOUNOARY - …AWAI BFStNBOUDAR-` MA01IC RIVÉR~~

~~DISTRICTHEAODUARTFR O /a LINFAMENfS TONK DISIRICT -~~

~~ÉHII WARA [)ISURIC~~

~~Cll50 CHIrIAURCARN4 - ^4~~

~~ClifiiAURGARP4OISTRicT~~

~~z-~~~~~~j 5.4 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~EFNfl~~

~~&PRAO~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~S~~~~~~1 r..i..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.....~~

~~Map B3: Geological Key Map of Chambal Basin~~

~~Source TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Chambal Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page B.26 April 30 2000 * ~~ ~2~~~-S~~~ARBRATI --~~

~~~A A 1~ .~ ~b~) 1 OHOLPUDISTRICT - A~~~AB~~

~~1il-A -. SAWAI É AM TONA -4iAAflHOPUR~~

~~A 1 1 *A~~

~~1 BANA A SUC~~

~~L w A A ~ ~ ~ ~ ' l ri R c~~

~~1 e -~~

~~\~~~~~~~~~~~w B*OUNOARIES~~

~~ç~ ~~ ~~~~~~~~ .. ST.TA OISIR1CT~~

~~n~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ '~~~~~~~~~~~'~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~MAINRIVEP ORE 2 $. O Ot~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~DSRIRCTIAFAOCUAPIERR~~

~~AOROCLOMA~TIC ZONFS~~

~~1-k < I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~RMGATIONIFAMANO ?OWf~~

~~Map B4: AgrocllmatlcZones and Irrlgatlon Demand Zones In Chambal Basln~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Chambal Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page B.27 April 30, 2000 LEGEND~~

~~< 3m, (bgi) 3-lOm, (bgl) Scole1:2.100.000 > 1Om, (bgl)~~

~~4~~~~~~E~~

~~g Map EB5 a GroundWater Depth ( Pre Monsoon1998 )of ChambalBasin Ground Water Deportrnent. Rojasthan~~

~~SEA: Final ReportI - Volumne 3 Page 6.28 April 30, 2000 Oi -1 DSm/ /~~

~~1 5- 3m~~

~~I WZ ~Map B5.1 : Chambal CommanidArea Ground water Depth (Post Monsoon 1998) ___ _- _ Aprii 30,2000 L __Ufl WteartefeDalmft iaslhan ______SEA: Final Report - Volume 3PaeB2 Rise/Declinein m)A~~

~~F;; l +-5 to + 7 +3 to +5 Scoie 1:2.1100.00 O to +3 __E O0to -3 EM -3 to,-S -S to -7 F7-7 to -lO~~

~~Map B6 * Change in Ground Water depth (Pre Monsoon 1984 & 1998) of Chambal Basin Source: Ground Water Deportrent, Rajesthon~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page B.30 April 30, 2000 LEGEND District Head Ouarters, Pond Boundories: Stote, District. River Basin Scole 1:2.100.000~~

~~Canal. River, Proposed Canal " =~~

~~Cotegory Stoge of Development 5 - Safe Less tUon 70% .t*o>~~

~~SC - Semi Criticol 70 - 90%~~

~~C - Critical 90 - 100%~~

~~OE - Over Exploited Greotherthan 100%~~

~~ARAN~~

~~Map B7 'Ground Water Exploitationwithin Chambal Basin,1998 Source: GroundWater Department.Raasthan~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page B.31 April -30. 2000 ~~~~~~~~~- ______-____--______=Lz_ _ E_ _ IU¶~~~

~~2,. t qx . / , D FOItPURDISTRICT~~

~~gcme~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~c~~

~~S MA W~~

~~F3 T q 1CRT DC-OT~~

~~'ORGARH DISTRIC~~

~~~~~~~ 1 ri~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~q w~''~~

~~Map B8: LevelGroundwater and Salinities In Chambal BaBousAple~~

~~Source:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~198 TAHAL & WPCO,~~

~~Water Resources Planning for Chambal Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page B.32 April 30, 2000 |LEGEND í HlU~~

~~,A_ 01- 2~~

~~WWZolê Map B8.1: Ground Water Quality In Chambal Command Area (Pre Monsoon 1998) Grnd aer DepartmentRajasthan~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page B.33 April 30, 2000 q- DH~~~OLPUROISTRICT~~

~~~~~~' ~~~~SAWAIMAOHOPUR DISTRciC-~~

~~C HOISTRICT ~~~ITRI,~~

~~HDISTR969Rst ICTAM SRCTtz , Ã.~~

~~7 '-'D-, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ST~TTFJSRC ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~«~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~tp 9ASI lip~ ~ ~ 1or PTNIIZNS65 O-OFTA OE II( ra XRI6GONW,RO!OFF Q7GRIND E9JFt OROIHIG cn..70oPHO~~

~~r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.IHGONWT9SINI~~

M AOHYA PRADE SH O~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TTDISTRICTNAORIS MapB9Groundwater Key Mapof ChambalBasln~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Ir Source1998~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~BAITAHAL &WAPCOS WaterPlanning Resources for Chambal BaPOsNTIIinFSADNOPGTNTIL ZNE

~~SEA:Final Report3 - Volume Page 6.34 April 30, 2000~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~p LEGEND / fS 0 T-Si survey , / i" Arca Boundary //, yó1 _ECe > 4 dS/m 77, 1l~~~

~~EJI W~~~~g~~

~~LRSouDce Map B10:RAJAD ProJectArea Profile SalinityEC > 4 dSIm (1995) SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page B.35 Arl3,20 LEOCND Dtstrkt Hecd Ouorters. PonrJ 4~~

~~Staot, Nstrict. Rver BSion Rtote, OiwtrIct. RIwr Rvw~ ~ Scole 1:2,100.000~~

~~ProlecteC Aro _~~

~~Ctoe Arecoe~~

~~Pltnned Project Maopr MSedum õ1~~

~~Foregi Neo~~

~~NotC:- Protected k Closedor«ns ore not to scede~~

~~Msp Bl s Forest areas & protected areas relative to Planned Source: rjcsi hm a ai TAHAL (1998) & Chouhon (1996)Pr ecai Ch blBsn~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volumne3 Page B.36 April 30. 2000 SECTIONC~~

~~OUTSIDEBASIN EMP~~

~~OUTSIDE BASIN EMP TABLE OF CONTENTS~~

1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION ...... C.1 1.1 BasinFeatures ...... C.1 1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects ...... C.1 1.2.1 Presentand ongoing projects ...... C.1 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities ...... C.1 1.2.3 Non-irmgation development projects ...... C.2 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW ...... C.2 2.1 PhysicalEnvironment ...... C.2 2.2 ChemicalEnvironment ...... C.5 2.3 BiologicalEnvironment ...... C.6 2.4 Social andCultural Environment ...... C.7 2.5 CommunityHealth Environment ...... :C.7 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS .. 0...... C.8 3.1 General...... C.8 3.2 ImpactsSpecific to the OutsideBasin ...... C.8 3.2.1 RWRCP...... C.8 4.0 MITIGATIONPLAN ...... C.8

~~LIST OFBOXES~~

Box Cl: GangCanal Major IrTigation Project ...... C.2 Box C2: BhakraCanal Major Irrigation Project ...... C.3 Box C3: LandUse (Mha)...... C.4 Box C4: CroppingPattem and Crop Yields ...... 0.C.4 Box C5: Measuresto SustainPositive lmpacts ...... C.8 Box C6: MitigationMeasures ...... C.8 LISTOF TABLES

TableC1.1: An Overviewof Featuresof the OutsideBasin ...... C.9 TabieC1.2: OutsideBasin Water Development upto year 201 5 ...... C.10 TableC`1.3: SalientFeatures of Existingand Ongoing Surface Water Projectsin the Outside Basin:with lmports...... C.11 TableC1.3.1: SailentFeatures of Existingand Ongoing Surface Water Projects in the Outside Basin:Within Basin Resources ...... C.11 TableC2.1: ExistingEnvironmental Condition within the OutsideBasin ...... C12 TableC3.1: OutsideBasin EMP: ImpactAssessment Matrix for RWRCP...... C.14 LIST OFMAPS

MapCl: OutsideBasin Development ...... C.16 Map C2: SoilTypes Key Mapof the OutsideBasin ...... C.17 Map C3: GeologicalKey Mapof the OutsideBasin ...... C.18 MapC4: AgroclimaticZones and lmgation Demand Zones in the OutsideBasin ...... C.19 MapC5: GroundWater Depth (Pre Monsoon 1998) of OutsideBasin ...... C.20 MapC6: Changein GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon 1984 & 1998)of OutsideBasin ..... C.21 Map 07: GroundWater Exploitation within Outside Basin, 1998 ...... C.22 MapC8: CroundwaterLeveis and Salinities in the OutsideBasin ...... 0...... C.23 Map C8.1: Salinityin Groundwaterof OutsideBasin ...... C.24 Map C9: GroundWater Key Map of OutsideBasin ...... C.25 Map C10: ForestAreas & Protectedareas in the OutsideBasin ...... 0...C.26 SEA: FinalReport - Volume3 Aprl 30, 2000 PageC. i SECTION C OUTSIDE BASIN EMP

~~1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION~~

~~1.1 Basin Features~~

The Outside Basin is the vast semi-desert and desert area (the Thar Desert) which extends over almost the entire westem part of Rajasthan. It is not a river basin but depends on -imports of water supply from outside the state i.e. Punjab and Haryana. lhe basin covers a total catchment area of 16.6 Mha occupying 49% of the state. The basin is spread in 12 districts namely Ajmer, Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Jaisalmer, Jalore, Jhunjhunu, Jodhpur, Nagaur and Sikar. The basin is bounded by the intemational boundary with Pakistan on the west, state of Gujarat on the south, Luni and Shekhawati basins in the east and states of Punjab and Haryana in the north. The basin gently siopes from the Aravali range in the east to the India-Pakistanborder in the west with a maximum elevation of approximately 500 m along the boundary with Shekhavati river basin to approximately 80 m near Pakistan border in Barmer district. An overview of the basin is given in Table C1.1.

~~1.2 Water DevelopmentProjects~~

~~1.21 Present and ongoing propns~~

The Outside Basin has negligible water resources of its own for irrigation development and meetíng non-irrgation demands. The basin gets supplies from the share allocated to Rajasthan under the Punjab and Rajasthan Inter-State Agreements of January 1955 and of 1981. The total Rajasthan's share of annual water supply from the Sutlej, Beas and Ravi river basins is:

~~Ravi and Beas waters: - Pre-Partitionuse 1.37 Bm3/yr - additionalshare 10.61 S2utlejwaters 1.85 Total 13.83 -~~

~~Govemment of Rajasthanhas plans to use the 13.83 Bm3/yr, available in an average year, as indicated in Table C1.1.~~

The present and projected scenanos of water development for irrigation and non-irrigation uses in the basin are given in Table C1.2 and Map Cl. These include existing IGNP CCA of 0.553 Mha and ongoing IGNP CCA of 1.316 Mha. By the year 2002, Nohar and Sidhmukh projects with a CCA of 0.118 Mha would be completed. The overail development is projected to increase from 1.232 Mha to 2.67 Mha (Table C1.3). Within basin resoures, the total existing and planned area for water development is 5815 ha (Tabie C1.3.1).

~~1.2.2 Proposed RWRCPactivities~~

The RWRCP components (PRFO and SAIFT) are aimed at rehabilitation and modemization of existing imgation systems that have a low overall project efficiency. The proposed RWRCP is Iocated in the Gang canal project initially constructed in the year 1928, and the Bhakra project constructed in 1963 in the Ganganagar and Hanumangarh districts (Map Cl). lnformation related to these two projectsis presented in Box C1 & C2.

~~SEA Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page C. 1 1.2.3 Non- irrigation development projects~~

The SWP projected a significant growth in the annual water demands for domestic and industrial use. Over fiMy percent increase in urban and rural water demand is projected in the next fifteen years (Table C1.2). The ongoing IGNP will supply domestic water to Bikaner, Jodhpur, Churu and Phalodi cities. Similarly, the Sidhmukh-Nohar imgation project wili supply drinkingwater to Churu district.

~~2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW~~

~~The existing environmental conditions within the Outside basin are summanzed in Table C2.1. These are brefly discussedbelow.~~

~~2.1 Physical Environment~~

Demography: Accordingto 1991 census,the populationof this basin was 12.1 million (rural 75%).The 1999 populationis projected as 13.8 million. The forecast for the year 2015 is 20.3 million. Soils: The suborderTorrifluvents occur in associationwith Caiciorthidsand Salorthids in the Ghaggar flood plain area of Sriganganagarand Hanumamgarhdistncts (Map C2). The area in the north of the basin consistsmainly of soils that have developed of late Quatemary to recent marine fiood plains, with substantial addition of aeolian sands. Whereas the soils Of south comprise mainly of late Quatemarydrift sands, the soils of the south are very coarsein texture and poor in water holding capacity and nutrients. Four broad classes of soils are identified: o Interdunal plains with soils of sandy loam to sandy texture, which are deep and can be levelled up for irrigation. a Dunes proper, vary in height. * Loam and clay soils occur in continuous aliuvium beits. These soils were derived from the old aliuvium brought by the river Ghaggars ancestors like the Saraswati and its tributaries which later got obliterated by the onset of aridity and climatic changes. o Hard lateritic crusts and gravei layers.

~~Box CI: GangCanal Major lrmgation Project~~

1 Location GanganagarDistrict 2 Yearof Construction 1928 3 Livestorage capacaty, Mm"tyr 1,780(Imported water through Bikaner Canal) 4 CCA,ha 307,550 5 CCAproposed for RWRCP 215.000 6 lmgationIntensity, % 60 (24%in Kharifand 36%in Rabi) 7 PresentProject Efficiency, % 45 8 ProjectedIrrigation Efficiency, % 52 9 Rehabilitationand modernezation . Strengtheningof canalbanks a Lining o Upgradationof existingcanal structures . Constructíonof VRB,Cattieghats, bathing places 10 ProposedWater User Assoctations 406 11 Problemsperceived by farmers o Detenorationof existingcanal lining * Canaisare fuil of weeds;causing breaches in head reachand delay in supplyto the tail end • Lackof infrastructuralfacilities, safe drinkingwater, dispensaryand schooling • Lackof creditfacilities Source:PPU, 1999.

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page C. 2 Box C2: Bhakra Canal Major lrrigation Project~~

1 Location * Hanumangarhdistnct 2 Yearof Construction 1963 3 lmportedwater from Bhakrasystem, Mm 3/yr 2,109 4 CCA, ha 372,300 5 CCAproposed for RWRCP,ha 50,700 6 lmgationIntensity, % 62 7 PresentProject Efficiency, % 43 8 Projectedlrrigation Efficiency, % 50 9 Rehabilitationand modemezationworks * Modificationof canalsections * Upgradationof existingcanal structures * Construction of VRB, Foot bridges cattieghats. 10 Water UserAssociations 55 11 Problemsperceived by farmers * Liningof distributaryand minorshas not bee maintained * Remodellingof ouUets * Lackof infrastructuralfacilities * Absenceof creditfacility Source:PPU, 1999

~~Geology: The geology and aquifer features in the basin (Map C3) are:~~

• ln Ganganagar district, the thickness of aliuvium varies from about 100 to 400 m and the underlying bed rock is the Palana and Nagaur formations with unconformity at the bed rock. * in Bikaner and Churu districts, the Quatemaries are underlain by the Palanas, the Nagaurs, the Bilaras and the Jodhpurs,with unconforrnityat the base of aliuvium. * ln Jhunjhunu and Sikar districts, the aliuvium is underlain, with unconformity, by post- Delhi intrusives and extrusives, followed by the Ajabgarhs and the Alwars. • ln Nagaur district Quatemaries the Nagaurs are underlain with unconformity by the Palanas followed by the Bilaras and the Jodhpurs. * ln the Jodhpur part of the Outside basin, the Quatemaries unconfomnably ovrlie the Marwar Super-Group of rocks, followed sequentially downwards by the post-Delhi Intrusives and Extrusives. * ln Jaisalmer district the Quatemaries are underlain by the Tertiaries followed by the lower Cretaceous and Jurassic, followed by unconformty with the Jodhpurs and the Malani lgneous rocks. * ln Barmer district, below the Quatemary and Tertiary formnations,the Alwar and Lathi Senes of the Mesozoic era are followed downwardsby the post-Delhi Igneous Suite. * In Jalore district, the Quatemaries directly overlie the posl-Delhi Igneous rocks.

Land forvns: The Outside Basin consists for the most part of a vast monotonoussandy plain of very low to moderate general siope, broken by sand dunes and a few hili features. The land forms in the Basin comprise: (i) aliuvial plains, both aggradational and degradational; (ii) aeolian landscape in the form of a sandy plain with sand dunes of varying magnitudes, both stabilised and drifting, and inter-dunal valleys; and (iii) hard rock hilis. About 60% of the arca is covered by sand dunes, which range from small, bare and fairly mobile drifts a few metres tall to large, semi-stable longitudinal, paraboloid and transverse dunes over 50 m tall.

Land use: About 67,000 km2 land is under cultivation with 20,500 km2 of scrub land and 70.430 kmof sand dunes. A broad breakdown of land use, cropping pattem and yield of major crop in the basin is given in Box C3 and C4.

SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page C. 3 Climate: The Outside Basin has been ciassified as tropical desert, ard and hot. The mean annual rainfall varies from 400 mm ín the east to less than 100 mm in the west. Annual evaporation rate is about 2600 mm. The basin also suffers extreme temperatures rising to more than 45°C in the summer and falling to freezing temperatures in the northem region during winter. Maximum topsoil temperatures in the sandy soils reach as high as about 60°C in May and June. The basin is covered by the following three agro-climatic zones (Map C4).

~~Zone 1A Arid westem plain. Zone 1B Imgated north westem plain. Zone 11A Transitional plain of inland drainage.~~

~~Box C3: Land Use (Mha)~~

~~• Kharif 4.1 * Rabi 0.7 . DoubleCropped 1.6 * Fallow 0.3 * . Total 6.7~~

~~Box C4: Cropping Patlem and Crop YieIds~~

Crop/Season % Cultivated Yield (tfUha) Kharif Bazar 40.3 0.5 Pulses 19.1 0.4 Cotton 7.5 0.3 Jowar 0.8 0.5 Groundnut 0.7 1.3 Paddy 0.3 1.1 Maeze 0.1 0.9 Others 31.2 Rabi Gram 11t1 0.7 Mustard 8.7 1.0 Wheat 8.5 2.4 Barley 0.4 1.7 Others 71.3

Inrigation Growth: The three major irrigation projects: Gang canal system, Bhakra canal system and IGNP irrigate an area of 2.158 Mha. The imported water is brought in through feeder canais passing through Punjab and Haryana and are distributed through a wide network of lined and unlined canais. A net ground water draft of 1,413 Mm31yr is used for various purposes.which íncludes imgation of 547.500ha.

~~System rehabilitation and modemizationactivHties of RWRCP could result in changes in the cropping pattem and a general increase in yields in Bhakra and Gang irrigation projects.~~

Reservoirs: There are no reservoirs worth naming in this basin. Oniy about 44.3 Mm3 live storage is created for minor imgation. Some 19 inter-dunaldepressions near Suratgarhhave been utilised to accommodatestorage of about 900 Mm3 of diverted flood water of Ghaggar river. The desert area contains a few na'ural salt lakes and depressions, e.g. near Gajner, Kolayat, Nal and Lunkaransar in Bikaner, the Bap in Jodhpur, the Didwana in Nagaur, the Talchappar in Churu, the Pachpadra in Barmer and the Runn of Jaisalmer and the Pokran in Jaisalmer districts.

SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page C. 4 River water quantity: There are no rivers in this basin excepting Ghaggar, which enters into Rajasthanfrom Haryana and disappears in the sands of Rajasthan desert.

Drain water quantity: The Outside Basin constitutes a dose0 basin within the country's boundary, from north to south, the only prominent drainage channei is the Ghaggar Ríver. Groundwater tabie: Ground water is found both under water tabie and deep semi-confined to confined conditions, in almost ali types of lithological units which form the aquifers in the Outside Basin. The depth to groundwateris highiy variable, ranging from less than a meter to about 80m bgl. There are few pockets in which the groundwater is in excess of 120 m bgl (Map 5). The regional ground water flow is north-westward,westward, south-westwardand southward, ali ending in Pakistan except a narrow belt which heads towards the Runn of Kutch in the south. Water tables in the areas inigated by the major projects and particuiarly in the vicinity of canais, are much closer to the surface. Waterdoggingconditions are a threat to the sustainabilityof irrigated agriculture in many parts of the outside basin: The average annualwater tabie rise in the project areas are: IGNP, 0.2 to lm; Gang CCA, 0.23 to 0.53m; Bhakra CCA, 0.29-0.98m; and, around Suratgarh 1.6m. lt is significant to leam that while there has been a rise in water table in the irrigated CCA, in non-command areas, there is a continuous over exploitation occurring during the past decade or so. Dunng 1984-98, the rse in water table in the north was in the order of about 7m, while in the eastem parts of the outside basin there has been a decline in water table upto 10m. The overdraft storage of groundwater development is observed in Jhunjhunu district and semi-critical to critical stages in several districts such as Barmer, Jodhpur, Nagaur, Sikar, Churu and Hanumangarh. Water Use: Water use in the year 1995 and water demand projections up to 2015 are given in TabileC1.1 and C1.2. The total water use of 10316 Mm3/yr dunng 1995 is projectedto nse to 15814 Mm3/yr by the year 2015. The non-irrigation demand is about 10% of the total demand.

Sedimentation: The canal system is prone to sedimentation mostly from the wind biown sand and the transported silt from Harike and Nangal barrages. Silt deposits range from 0.3 to 1.8 m in the IGNP main canal, and 0.2 to 0.7 m in the branch canais, water course, distributaries and minors.

~~2.2 Chemical Environment~~

River water quality: Water supplies through canal system have low electrical conductivity (0.2 dS/m). The stagnated ponds from seepage adjacent to the canal system have shown presenceof coliform bacteria and high salinity (10 dS/m to 100 dS/m).

~~Water quality in Ghaggar depressions: Being the flood water of Ghaggar river, the quality of water in Ghaggar depressions is vanabie depending upon the residence time in the depressions.~~

Groundwater quality: Ground water in the Outside Basin is mostly saline and used for imgation as well as non-imgation purposes (Map C 8, C 8.1 and C9). Salinity is a senous probJem in Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Jodhpur and Nagaur distncts. Major part of the basin has ground water salinity between 2.0 and 8.0 dS/m. The concentrationof fluonde in some areas of Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Nagaur and Pali distnct is more than 1.5 ppm which is a hazard for drinking water.

Soil salinity, sodicity and soil quality: ln the irrigated areas of northem and north-west parts of the basin, waterlogging in associationwith high salinity of the ground water result in secondary salinization of soil. Salt water lakes are near Pachpadra and Didwana. Southem portion of the basin has vasi stretches of natural salt affected soils that release salt to the ephemeralstreams. SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page C. 5 Soil quality data are not available, although it is conceived that intensive cropping, inadequate use of organic matter and inappropriateuse of fertilizers particularly in imgated areas may in the long term lead to soil degradation. The average grain yield of imgated crops such as wheat, gram and mustard are 25 to 50 percent higher over non-irrigatedcrops (1996-98) in the basin. This indicates that soil fertility under imgation conditions is maintained.

Poilution sources: Industrial effluent, municipalwaste including sewageeffluent, fertilizers and pesticides run off are the major sources of pollution. ln Outside basin, Boranada in Jodhpur district, Bikaner, Ganganagar,Hanumangarh and Ratangarh are among the 21 prime industnal towns in the state. RIICO has set up 8 industrial areas in Bikaner, 18 in Jodhpur, 8 in Churu, 3 in Jaisalmer, 9 in Ganganagar,8 in Hanumangarh,8 in Sikar and 5 in Nagaur districts up to October 1998 (RIICO,1998). In addition, there are a number of industries outsidethe RIICO industrialareas including Thermal Power Station at Suratgarh and mining of gypsum. Some of the major industries are reported having independert Effiuent Treatment Plant (ETP). The SPCB ensures that the industries comply with the effluent treatmentaccording to the standards.The present industriesclusters aroundJodhpur in the basin are consideredas hot spots.

There are 55 cities or townswith an estimatedsewage of 30.3 Mm3/yrfor the year 1999. No city or town in the basin has sewage treatment Plant. There is a plan to install sewage treatment plants at Jodhpurand Bikaner underthe ADB Project (Map 4.1 1, Volume 2) in the next 4-5 years.

Fertilizer use: The average annual fertilizer use in the total cropped arca (irrigated and unimgated) during 1997-98 (in the form of nutrients, kglha) in different districts in the basin (Map 4.12, Volume 2) is found to be less than 25 kg/ha excepting Ganganagardistrict in which the fertilizer usewas between75 to 100 kg/ha. Consideringthat farmers apply fertilizer only in irrigated areas, the rate of applicationranges from 37 to 193 kg/ha, minimum being in Jhunjhunu and maximum in Jodhpur district. Discussionswith State Agriculture Department and RAU reveal that up to 200 kglha of fertilizer use (in the forrn of nutrients) annuallyin the prevailing cropping pattem is consideredsafe and would not have adverse residualimpact.

Pesticide use: The pesticideconsumption in the basin during 1997-98(as per TGM) was in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 kg/ha with a basin average of 0.3 kglha (Map4.13,Volume 2). The pesticide use in Barmer and Jalore districts is the highest (1.0 to 1.5 kglha).

The limited studies conductedduring 1991-99 at RAU Research Station Durgapura (Jaipur) showed some residual impact on vegetables.Monitonng of agncultural runoff with regard to pesticides concentrationis needed.

~~2.3 Biological Environmernt~~

Biodiversity: The Outside Basin is largelysemi-desert with a sparse vegetative cover and a limdtednumber of species. The forest cover is only about 2%. The fragile habitat of the indigenousflora and fauna have been under pressure from the actions of humans and the browsing of migrating herds- mainly of sheep,goats and camels. The grasslands,and some species had become endangeredor rare before the advent of imgated agriculture,which has also changed the onginal desert ecology.

Natural desert flora: The harsh environment lets only the most ecologically efficient plant species to survive, mostly desert plants of local ongin, such as Poaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae,Cyperaceae,Convolvulaceae, and Malvaceae.

Prosopis cineraria or KHEJRI' is one of the most important trees of the outside basin. Camels browse on its leaves. lts leguminouspods are also used as a vegetable. People protect this tree because of its religiousand social value in the basin. This tree may also SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page C. 6 survive as a shrub in some parts of the basin. lts roots extend to a depth of 12 to 25 m, where some moisture might be found. Social status is often assessed by the number of 'KHEJRI" trees owned by the familty.

Desert fauna: The natural fauna of the Outside Basin is essentiaily those of Thar desert. Particularly important in the context of conservation, is the Great Indian Bustard, Chions nigriceps vigors, which as an endangeredspecies is fully protected; it is found only in this region, making it the rarest bustard of India and,possibly in the worid. The World Wide Fund for Nature, India ( WWF, India ) is particularfy concemed about the environmental changes happening in the Outside Basin, and has recently produced two reports ; one on the Great Indian Bustard WWF (1997 ) and one -on the wildlife of the outside basin Thar desert in general. The former reported that numbers of the Great Indian Bustard in Jaisalmer District were down to only 199. Correspondingfigures for the desert fox and desert cat were 413 and 38 respectively. The desert cat, fFelis libyea, the caracal, Felis caracal, and the desert fox, Vulpes vuipes pusilia, are becoming extremely rare because of the decline in natural habitat and trapping for their pelts.

~~Ecologically sensitive areas: The Outside basin contains the Desert National Park TalchhaparSanctuary and nineteen ciosed areas (Map C10).~~

~~2.4 Social and Cultural Environment~~

About 75% of the basins' population is rural with a population density of 72 persons per square kilometer. Wide variation exists in population density from 9 in Jaisalmer district to 128 persons per square km in Ganganagardistricts, and adjoining areas.

~~Settiement: Durng the IGNP developments, some 126,000 families were given land entitlements. The settiement comprisedof the following:~~

* A prmary village having a populationof about 1000 * An agro-servicecentre serving a populationof 3000-4000 persons. A mandi (market) serving a population of about 30,000 persons.

With the advent of IGNP canal system, Nomadic communities (caste groups) are graduaily tuming to semi-nomadic. Following the introduction of irrigation, the proportion of sheep, goats and cameis, the animais of pastoral nomads has decreased in favour of cattie and buffaloes. and a net increase in overall livestock numbers.

Worid Food Program: Wortd Food Programme (WFP) was introduced in the year 1983 to provide incentives to new settiers (upto 30,000 families) in harsh, thinly populated areas for new imgated agnrcuture. WFP provides ration, free of cost, to Govemment of Rajasthan. The other expenditure in transportation, handling and distribution is bome by GOR. This scheme is not in operation now.

~~2.5 Community Heatth Environment~~

~~Water bome diseases such as malana, typhoid, amaebiosis, gastroenteritis, jaundice are common. ln 1997, 7 cases per 1,000 personswere reported for malana.~~

The existing community health problems in imgated areas are sketchy. Further data will have to be collected from existing public health centres and medical facilities in the rural areas regardingthe problem of water bome diseases in the basin.

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Apnil 30, 2000 Page C. 7 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS~~

~~3.1 General~~

A discussionom impact identification,methodology and guidelinesfor productionof impacts, typical examples for the RWRCP and planned projects is contained in the SEA Report (Volume 2). For the Outside basin, the impact assessmentmatnx for RWRCP is given in Table C31.

~~3.2 lmpacts Specific to the OutsideBasin~~

~~3.2.1 RWRCP~~

Although mostly positive, there would be a concem on possibie reduction in groundwater recharge due to rehabilitation and modemization of irrigation systems, particulanlyin the areas where conjunctive use of groundwateris in practice, in Ganganagardistrict. As a result,lhe cost of pumpingmay go up.

~~4.0 MITIGATIONPLAN~~

Measures to sustain positive impacts and mitigation measures for the negative impacts related to different environmentalparameters in RWRCP Projectsare inicudedinTable C3.1. These are summarizedin Box CS and Box C6. The mitigation measuresmainly pertain to efficient use of surface water, conjunctiveuse of surface and groundwater, adequatedrainage, managementpractices for agriculture inputs such as INM & IPM, regular maintenanceof 1 & D systems, involvement of WUA in the distribution, managementand maintenanceof canais, industrial and municipalwaste water effiuent treatmentbefore dischargeinto rivers or spread on-land surface or usefor irrigation. The water quality monitoring,analysis and enforcementof legal requirementsto maintain the effluent quality from industries,sewage and agriculturerunoff should be ensuredby the suggestedagencies (Chapter 11, Volume 2).

~~A discussionfor each of the measuresis includedin the SEA Report Volume 2.~~

~~Box CS: Measuresto Sustain Positive lmpacts~~

RWRCP * O&Mof íID network . IWAM * OFD . Groundwatermanagement . INM,IPM,weed control * Effluenttreatment . Provisionof drainage . infrastructuredevelopment such as roads,markets and credit& mnputfacilities . Farmers/NGC)training \* 100%membership in WUA *. Watersuppiy and sanitation

~~Box C6: Mitigation Measures~~

~~RWRCP . Groundwatermanagement (control of over exploitation of GW)~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Apnl 30, 2000 Page C. 8 Table CI.1: An Overview of Featuros of The Outside Basin~~

S.No. Basin Features Value lnfornmtion Source 1 TotalCateimen amea 166.464Km 2 Tahal (i.e.49% of the State area) 2 Dlstricts Ama,km 2 1 %of BasinAma Amner 43 0.0 Tahal Barmer 21,559 13.0 Bikaner 27,238 16.4 Chunr 16.806 10.1 Ganganagar 10.511 6.3 Hanumangarh 10,324 6.2 Jaisalmer 39.028 23.4 Jalore 34 0.0 _hun'hunu 3.528 2.1 Jod_r 19,527 11.7 tNaJaur 13.391 8.0 ISikar 4.475 2.7 _____ 3 Population (Million) 1991 1995 2005 015S Rural 9.0 9.9 12.3 14.2 Tahul Cities 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.0 Towns 1.6 2.0 3.0 4.1 Total 12.1 13.4 17.0 20.3 4 Totalculturabie arma (Mha) 8.00 gth Pbn _Average irrgated area (Mha) 1.66 . - 5 Total mean*nnual surfaceWator ptntial (Mm3Yr) 47 1hPban Shar=of Ralasthan= te mpOr Intoth=s bas=n (Mm 3 _Yr) 13.836 lahia * Utlized(Mm 3/w 8.236 * % Utiflíed 59 6 TotalGroundwater annual recharce /Mm') 2.078 GWD.GOR * Utilzed(Mm3/yr) 1.413 * % UtiWled 68 7 TotalCCA ha.) Wtmhban water ExistingProiects 5.134 Tahal OngoingProrects 73 ProposedProjects 608 Wlth inported wmter Existingcommands (IGNP (uls of 189km of mamncanal), Gang & Bhakra) '.232.850 Tahal Ongomngcommands (IGNP, Sidfmukh-Nonar) 1,434.6901 Total | 2,673.355 8 Ara irrigated using ground water (ha_ * Existang 547.513 VitalStatistics * lnthe vear2015 (assumed) 1 435569 WaterTransfers Mm3WYr Fromoutside Raíasthan 13,836Tahal 10 Non-4rrication Water demand (Mm1/1995 S Domestic 624 Ta~a) * lndustnal& CoolIng 5 * Livestock 393 Total 1.072 Sources:1)TAHAL & WAPCOS. 1998. Water Resources Plannrng lor OutsideBsn 2) ProectPreparabon Unit 3) Deparmentof Imgabon. GOR.Jaipur. 1996. Report of the Wor$dnggroup on lmgatonfor The NinthFave Year Plan (1997-2000) 4) GroundWater Deparment, GOR. 1999. Ground WaterResources of Rajastan (imgaboinPotental) as onJanuary, 1998.

Note: Thevalues have been compiled from varous sources and adopted, with best judg9ment for thisSEA sWy. Therfore thesevalues may not beappropiate for designingdevdopment works (both RWRCP and planned projects)within and outsade the respecbveCCAs.

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apnl30. 2000 Page C.9 Table Ct.2: Oulside 9asin Water Development upto year 2015~~

Irrigation Rehabilitation Non-lrrigation Olher Water Prol cts Water Developmenl Projects Projecta Projects Rainfed Watershed '' Evaporation 1 Basin's WR WR OFO OFD RWRCP Domestic Llvestock Industrial Agriculture' Dev. a soll ponds SW GW Transfor with PRFO & Urban Rural Thermal Other Conservation stagnant Command eon Import"' SSD SAIFT power water bodies command Present development Area (Mha) 0005 o 101 O446 1 233 . - - 5 460 0 046 0.004 Waler use: Mm'/yr 44 290 1,28 8,236 376 248 393 47 - Expanslon upto 2015 Arca (Mha) o 001 0 021 0 091 1 435 0.266 - - - - -1.435 0.300( 3 Water use: Mm /yr 3 -59 -262 5,514 - 242 120 -4 365 4 - Year 2015 cumulative Area (Mha) 0005 0.081 0 35 2.668 0.266 - - 1 - 4.02 0 346 0.004 projections Waler use: Mm3/yr 471 231 1018i 13,728 - 61t 368 341 412 1 2

1 From Ravi, Beas & Sultej 2 Rainted agriculture is assumed as lotal area suitable for lrrigatlion minus the Canal Command Area 3 Watershed Development Program Constitute uplo 30% irrigaled area wilth lhe Individual block (Panchayal Samiti) in the IXth Plan. Present development is for 1996-98 Projeclions based on 20,000 halyr

Sources. 1) TAHAL & WAPCOS. 1998, Water Resources Planning for Oulside 8asin 2) Ground Waler Department, GOR, 1999, Ground Water Resources of Rajasthan Irrigalion Potenlial as on January 1998 3) Watershed Development & Soil Conservalion Department, GOR, Jaipur. 4) Directorate of Agriculture, Rajasthan, 1998 Vital Agriculture Slatisties, 1997-98

Note The values have been compiled Irom various sources and adopted. with besl judgement for tliis SEA study. Therefore these values may not be approprlale for designing development works (bolh RWRCP and planned projects) wilhin and oulside the respective CCAs.

~~SEA: Final Reporl - Volume 3 Page C.1 April 30, 2000 Table C1.3: Salient Features of Existing and Ongoing Surface Water Projects in The Outside Basin: with Imports~~

Project Completion MeanAnnual PCakSuppiy CCA Year WaterSupply Capaclty, Mm' m'3/sec ha Gano Maior 1928 1,780 77 307.550 Bhakra Major 1963 2,109 73T 372.300 IGNP Major 1993 9367 524 553000 2005 1.316.000 Sidhmukh-Nohar Maior 2002 580 23, 118.690 T ota i 13,836 6971 266740 CCA: Cultrable CommandArca Major CCA> 10.000ha. * Commandarea of uls of 189km (RD 620)of maincanal

~~SourceTAHAL B WAPCOS.1998. Water Resources Planning for OutsideBasin.~~

~~Table C1..1: Sallent Features of Existing and Ongoing Surface Water Projects in The OutsideBasin: Within Basin Resources~~

Status Ciass Completion No.of Projects Free Uve CCA Yoar Catchment Storage Capacity _ _ Areakm 2 Mm' ha Existinj Minor 31 804 44 5134 Ongoing Minar 1998 2 t 1t 73 Minor 2000 4 70 2 608 Total 37 885 47 5815 CCA: Culturable ComrnandAmea Minor < 2000 ha

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS 1998.Water ResourcesPlanning for Outside Basin.~~

~~SEA Final Report - Volume 3 ADnl30. 2000 Page C.1 1 Sheet 1 of 2~~

~~Table C2.1: Existing Environmental Condition within the Outside Basin~~

Existing S.No. Envhronment Baseline lnformation Condltions t Physical DemoqraphyImillion) 12.1 in 1991: 13.8 in 1999:20.35 in 2015 Topography 166,464 km2;gentlysiopes from east to west. Not a nver basin. Vast semi-dessert& desern No drainanenet work. Soils Enbisols.sandy, poor in waterholdinocapacity and nutrients Gedogy AJiuvialplains of recent to sub-recmntGroup, consolidatedracks of Pabozoic to Mesic & crvstallinesof Proterozoicto Archacan era. Land Forns Sandy plain. sand dunes and 1ewhilUs Land Use 67.000 kr2 cutlvated. 20,500 km2 scrub land, 70.430 km2 sand dunes Water Distnbutíon hntemalwater resourcesnegiigible, depends on inported water froemou~sde. Exístng 3 mala projects.Open canalsystem with surfaceflooding prcac.es. ApprxoLama underspnnrbr sets - 165,000 ha. lmgation Growtlh Two mnajorcomnands IGNP (1,316.000ha) and Sidhmuk-Nohar(118.690 ha) under constructon. Plansfor importng Yamuna & Gangawaters . Conjunctiveuse of ground water is possiblein canal commandareas. CroppmngPanem Major _ps dunrg 1996-97:Cotto=(7.5%), grnd nut (0.7%), Paddy and at (8.7%>. bazra (40%), pulses (19%) and gram (11%); Gang Canal Project Cotton 74.8%. Peari WIII. 25%, in Kharif; Mustard 50%, Wheat47.3% and 2.7% in Rabi.

~~Climate Semi-andto and cimate. 400 lo 100 mm annual rainfall against evaporatornot 2600 mm.~~

Reservoxrs Ghaggardepressions - store Ghaggarflood water River Water Quantity Ghaggar nver - intement flows Drain water Ouanuty No dramns.19 depressions(Capacily 900 Mm3):3900 ha of stagnabanpols receve rejectd water. spilis and runofo Groundwater table depthl 48 to 70 m bgl in non-canalcommand and 0-20 m in canal commands Sedimentation Silt deposits 0.3 to 1.8 m in IGNP mainrcanal, 0.2 ta 0.7 m mirbmnch canais.water courses. distnrbutaroesano minors. 2 Chemical River Water Quality Ec 0.2 dSlm. SAR 0.75 Reservoirwater quality Vanablein Ghaaqardepressions GroundwaterQuabty Mosty salmnegmround water and hghly vanabbe.14% of IGNP area fresh, 13%arma between 2 to 4 dS/m. 34% area between4 to 8 dSln and the rest has higher saline gound water. 33% armaof Outside Basin has beenrmarked as unsuitablefor dnnbsng water. Soil Salinity Secondarysalinity in canal imgated amas due to watertoggmng,salinisabon also due to saline ground water imgataon.Gypsurn hard pans in lift commandareas have contiibuted to soil salinity. SoaiSodacaty Area atfected not known, due to imgation with sodic rround water. Poantsource Poilubon 5 pnre medustnallowns. 67 industial armas;untrmated domestc effluent from 55 c:besand towns. Diffuse source Polution Mirangof gypsum.waterklaggg and soaisalinrty in canal imgated armasof maporprqects.

Fertilzer use Use of N. P. K in large doses in imgated armas.In Rainfed agnculturenegiigible. Total NPK 75 to 100 kglha: 209141t: N 167047t: P 40411 t: K 1670 t Pestrcde usr, Pesuacdeuse mnco~ton growang areas. 13201 of TGM. The averag3 use mnthe basn is 0.3 kq/ha. Weed killer use Negligible 3 Bioliogcal Desert Environment Fairly fragile eco-system,2% armaunder formstcover. Sparse vegelabon cover and a lmated numberof spoeies. Uniqueecologacal zone. Natural desert Flora Predommanaay!amlies of Poaceae (125 spp) and Fabaceae (80 sMp).Sparse xeropybc & psammophytc grass lands. Endangeredflora Threatened economicspecies am Conmnphorawightai Bhandan and Tecomeia undulata Seem.32 more unnamedspeaes of Rajasthandesert are thmatened. Their habitatis mosry outsidethe CCA. DesernFauna The great Indian Bustard. Chonotis nmgncepsvlgors is endangered specte & Houbara bustard, Chlamydotusundulata. desert cat, Felis libyea. the Caracal. FeiasCaracal and lhe desertfox. Vuipes vulpes pusíllaare becomim rare. Conservataonareas Talchhaparsanctuary and Largest Desen Nabonal Park. Dhonmanna, Ramdeora.Deshnok. . ______Jhambeshwar>iand Sathin are other closedarmas.

~~SEA:FinaiReport - Volume 3 Apnil 30. 2000 Page C.12 Sheet 2 of 2~~

~~Tabie C2.1: Existing Environmental Condition within the Outslde Basin~~

Existing S.No. Environment Bas»line lnformation Conditions LaKes No natural lakes, Gajner man madelake near Bikaner. Natural depressions from Ghaggar diversion Wild life Chinkara.Black Buckç.Jackai. Great Indian Bustard. Peacock, Sand grouse and vanous reDotles. Forests. sq.km. Reserve 100, Protected1801, Uncdassified2163 (Total 4064 sq,km,) Wetiands No nawral wet lands. The pomnent pods standing water in IGNP commwndcould bocome wetlands. Biodiversity Rich bio-logicaldiversity. Frquency and density of trees, scrubs and grassos incroase dose to canais. stream and ponds. 4 Socio. Cultural Crop YVieds.tlha ln IGNP coton 1.5, ground nut 1.6. wheat 2.6, mustard 1.0. Rainfed bazra and gur 0.3.

Foodfor Work Program Administeredin IGNP as pan of sotiement procoss till 1998. Food rations for fanmr fhmiles in the first two vearsof settiement. Lano tenure Mucn of the land belongsto State GovL Land is *Iocated to setoers in IGNP command. Av. land holding 9.9 ha. SettlementPatem Govt.sponsored colonatoon, heterogwneoussõal compositon, Scatterod dwellings (Dhanis>in IGNP command.Av. poputationdensitv 73.9 persons/km2 Quality of life Increasedagncultural producbo iniffmgated area has contributedto a significant overall socio-eeronomcdeovopment of the peopie. Total literacy rate 34.44%. Decadal goh rate 32.3%.. Electricty consumption3085.8 Mkwh (1995-96). Gender equity Women generaliy have iow sacal & e«nornic status. Uteracy 17.4%. Nutritionalstatus iow in qifis. 879 women per 1000 men. Peopie participation Chak smWthes.miik cooperatives.WUA s on trial. Tounsm Verv imponant. Centresof wild life, hístorical. archeological.religious and rocreational. Desert circuit and Shekhawab circuits are veN popular tounst crcuits. Histoncal sites Kalibanga.Jaisalmer & Jodhpur forts. NGO involvement URMULtrusi Tnbalpeooie Ravaka/Reban.Gadoiiya iohars 5 Community Health (cases reported in 1997) Mabana 54300: Cases per 1i00 - 7.0 Gastroentenus 92286: Cases per 1000 - 6.8 Jaundace 4783: Casesper 1000 - 0.3 Amoebiosis 83806: Cases per 1000- 6.2 Source: See References

~~SEA:Final Report- Volume 3 Apnl 30, 2000 Page C.13 Sheet 1 oa 2~~

~~Table C31: The Outside Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for RWRCP~~

RWRCP Componontl: Improved lirigal,on managemenil and Iransler; Agricutlural inlensificairon; Sustainabie ground water resource management. RWPRCPActivities: Rehabililation and modernizalion ol IbD systems hn265,700 ha Lining ol canais and waler courses (as needed): rehabilitation oa siruciures; service roads; flow measurement; removal oa unauthorised outiels; remod Ing ol oullels; formati^n ol WUA and Water Dislribution Commitlee; Slrenglhening agriculture extension; and. farmer training I rough PRFO and SAIFT. S.No. Environmontal Potential Impact Ratng of Impacts for Signhllcance Measuros to sustain MItigatilon Measuros Residual Impacts Parameter (scopel magnitudel dírectionl neutral or positivo impacis for negativo Impacts j J durathnl reversibility1 1 Phv51eal 1 Demography No Impact Nil Negirgibiean a seciar-wide 2 Topoqraphy land inprovement gasin-wideilowIoositive/bong.-ermlirreversible basis 3 Soils: water bqqing Reduced walerioqging Local / lowlposilivel bong-term/ reversibbe DSM ol Ib ne~work 4 Soios. Oualily Increased ferli_ily IWAM 5 Geoav No impacl Nil 6 Landforms 7 Land use: head end O Land use: mlddie Some Improvemenl Localllowlposilivenlonq-term/reversible IWAM. ObM o# ibD nehworh 9 Land use: lall end Chango Irom sinqbe to mulii-cropping 10 On-larm developmenl Improved band levelling ocaVliowwpositiveionq-lerm/lirreversible OFO 11 Water disíribution System increased supply io tail end: Increased Local/ bow/ posiHtve/ long-lerm/ reversibie IWAM, OSM oa l60 netwaork Irrlqalion elficlency 12 Drainage system Improved drainage LocalUmediumlositlive/long-terml reversible 13 Irriqalion Inlensity Increase LocaU bow/ positivel bang-lermt reversibie 14 irfi alion Growth 15 Cropphg Intensity LocaV bwl positivel bna-berm/ irreversible 16 Cropping paltern IntroducHqn of hbah value crops LocaV bowl posilive/ bng-term/ reversible 17 Climalo No Impact Nil 18 Reservoirs 19 Surface water quantity Some Increase LocailowlpositiveAong-Oerm/reverstbie downstream 20 Drahi waler quanlity Reduced quantyv Local/wltooslHveAn lermi/reversible DSM o( 0SDnetwork 21 GW aqudler Recharge Reduced recharge LocalIlowi nogativeoong lermlreversible Controi ol over expoitation oa GW. GW depth monltoring** 22 GW depietion No Impacd Nl 23 GW labie rise Lower waler tabbe LocaU tow/ positive/ bng-term/ reversible Controi oa over explobalion ol GW. GW d epth monitoring ` 24 Coniunclive use increase _ 25 Erosbon Cieaning ol canais. water coursos S drains Basn-wide/mediumlpositivalong-Iermf reversibie 06M oi 10 nelwork

26 Sedimnenlalion _ 2 Ch*mIcal 27 Surlaco water quality Nol applkcabbe Nl INM; IPM; weed control; trealmenl oa downstream Industrial and munlcipal efltuenits; W 28 Orain waler quaHty monitloringq 29 Reservoir Waler Ouality No impact 30 GW drinkin quanty 31 GW irrigalion qualitY 32 Sdli satinity Reductbon h oil sanitty LocaU bw/ walHOI bng-bmn/ reversibbe Provialn ol drahnage 33 Point source poIulbon No hmpaci Nil 34 Dfiuse sourca LpoiuuIon

~~See Note at Sheet 2~~

~~SEA: Final Reportl- Voiume3 PageC14 AprN30 2030 Sheet 2 ot 2~~

~~Tabie C3.1: The Outslde Basin EMP: Impaci Assessment Matrix for RWRCP~~

RWRCP Componentl: Improvedierrgahion managemenl and iransfor; AgriculturalIntensification; Suslainable ground waler resource managemenl. RWRCP Acílvilies: Rerabililatlon and moderntzationol ltD systemsin 265,700 ha: Ltning ot canais and watercourses (as needed):rehabilHation of strucdures;service toads itow measurernent;removal of unaulhorised oultets. remod mingoi ouliels: tormation ot WUA and Water Dis5ribution Committee; Stiren thening agriculture exlensIon; and. tarmer training through PRFO and SAIFT. S.No. Environmental Potental Impact Rating oa Impactb for Significance Measures to mustain Mltlgation Measuras Residual Impacts Parameter /scopel magnitude/ directoni neutral or positive impacts for negativo lmpacts duration_ reverslbillty_ 35 Fertilizer use ialanced use Locatilowi neutraVlong-term/reversible INM 36 Pesticide use IPM 37 Weed kineruse Weed contrai i training 1 Blologlcal 38 Conservaiion areas No lmpact Nil 39 Witdlife 40 Foresls 41 Endangeredfiara 42 Lakes/walor bodies 43 Biodiversity 4 Soalo-Cultural 44 Crop yield ncrease Local/ iowi positive/ lon-term/ reversible IWAM 45 Food lar Work proagram No Impaci Nul 46 Land lenure 4 Setilement aettern 48 Ouality ol lfe Improvement In socio-economy,lncrease In Local/ medium/ positive/ bong-term/irreversible Infrastrucluredevetopment such as roads. literacy rate, Increasehn per capita Income markels and credit &hnput facilities

49 Gender equily Improved salaus ol women,increasehn locaUhigh/ positivo/ bang-blrm/irreversible literacy,more participalionIn iarming and decsisbn 50 People participation Increased partiipation through WUAs Local/ highlposativelbong-berm reveraibbe Farmer training: 100% membershipIn WUA

51 Tourism No Impact Nil 52 Hi- slomical sitos ______53 NGO lncreased hnvolvement LocaUlaw/positlvetha" lerm/lrreversrboe NGO irainina 54 IndigenouspeoaiOe No profect proposals tn tribal arca Nil 5 Cammunity He.alh _ 55 Diseases: urban No mpacd 56 Diseasos: rural Decrease tn lhe incience ol malaria and LocaV bwl positive/ bong-termmrevera5bte Waler suppiy Saanitalion othor water retated diseases 57 Oiseasos ive tlcir No Impct Nl Note 1) Scope: Local ih wilhin 1 km ae lhe propoed developmenl activihy.basln-wbde is wihhinlhe basin ltsel regional is wihin Rajasthan 2) Magnilude- iigih means >75%.medtum is between 50-75%,bow is 25-50%and negligible s te5sthan 25% 3) Direction: Nel positivo. negativo or neutral Impact 4 )Duralion ong-tem is >10 years. medium -lorm i 2-10years short- temml <2 years 5) Reversibility:Reversible or rreversibe (pos"itveor negative)Impaci to lhe resourcelpopulatlon(wilhin a proected time -[ramo oa 15 yeare). 6) Pafamelers requiring monilofing and denoted C)

~~See Noal ai Shoee2~~

SEA Final Report - Voiume 3 Pago C 15 Apri 30i 2000 1EGENtD Dislrick Mead Quorters. PonO ( ' Boundories: Stote. Dlstrici. Rher Basên Scale 1:4,200.000 Canal, River, Proposed Conoi C '. Sanetuory. Cio~.d Areo I EJ Arcnoedqlcol Excovotions/Historicol Sites o Tourist Shes, Reitgious Ploces Maior Commond Arco: tGNIP (Existhtg.J (anqo.ng) .** IGtP Llft (Existhng) (angoing) .... Cang Conal(Exhsttng)& RWRCP _ 9u1

~~lmçaui frem Outuíde Ra,osthn-~~

* . HARYANA PAKISTAN Map CJ B Dvoe CHURU

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3tt Poge C.16 Apl 30.2000a~~

~~bA*tNor ~KACtSHH ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ joad~~

~~TAA (1998).a MAP=Map WPa C1.O~~SMutsdeo UBasn "21t Devlpmn~~

~~Source- TAMAL (1998). MAP *RP2~~

~~SEA: Finol Report-Volurme 3 Page C.16 April 30, 2000 \<0 & d i K:f X ç ,5 \~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'I O b~~

~~6\~~~~~~b :5 S?R \/u ^ ,SA 1 e u-0-tA A 1 -PscT< i 1 |~~

~~,wj X,{,r,Sl~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,, J,S[áz -ss- ' - " - t:/ I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7~~

~~LFG[t@D~~~~~~~~~~~ 1~~

~~< TORRIPS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AMMNSTAXF BOUNDARY~~

~~j f -- r=:r-. D~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ART71PSA~FAI4IS ------DISTRICT BOUNDARY~~

~~_ á 0R:I 1IUFSSAI:1IT5CA1CIR1H 5 LÉO O IS DISTRICT HFAD OUARIFRS~~

~~Map C2: Solil Types Key Map of the Outside Basin~~

~~Source: TAH AL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for the Outside Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page C. 17 April 30, 2000 «4js ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- - -- /\aF\=/_---- -_-__- - -_<_~~

~~_--_------/ - d------~~

~~aO, - , , Jppesk~~

~~-. -I r -í~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Aj&1~~~~~~~1~~

~~2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2~~

~~lE Rl1 E c, 5 1969(S C A 1 222S09q00) 19 78 (SC AIE 1 1OOO G0( */0~~

~~Map C3: GeologicalKey Map of the Outside Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS, 1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for the OutsideBasin~~

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume3 Page C.18 April 30, 2000 LEGEND "^" " .~~

~~lPUNDARIES~~

~~|-______5tSAIE DISTRICT~~

~~I 11 s. t s X E ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~DASINl AGROCIIMATICZONES~~

~~4 ' IRRIGATIONDEMANOZONES~~

~~CANA1SISIRÉAMS~~

~~o ODISTRICHEAOOUARTERS /~~

~~> , _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ o l~~

~~Map C4: AgrocAlmatlc Zones and Irrigation Demand Zones In the Outslde Basln~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,199T8. Water Resources Planning for the Outside Basin~~

~~SEA Final Report - Volume 3 Page C.19 April 30, 2000 LEGEND 4 0-2m Scole 1:4.200.000 2-6n, 6-1Or" z, 10-20m 20- 40m 4 0-80m 80-120m L > 120m~~

~~PUNJAE3§~~

~~{/ ,/#«,<0>" , § \ ARYANA~~

~~PAKISTAN f-I A E / CHURU @~~

~~{ wll ; W__-a \ @ ~~~~~NAGAURJS~~

~~< -flJAISBARER 5 t~~

~~Source Map C5 . GroundWater Depth (Pre Monsoon 1998) of Outside Basin Ground Woter De"ortment. Rroasthan~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Poge C.20 30 April,2000 LEGEND Rise/Decline(,n m) Scole 1:4,200,0004 Cm: +5 to -+7 +3 to +5 DOto +3 O to -3 13-3 to -5 s;`1-5 to -7 -7 to -10 > _ lo~~

~~PUNJAB~~

~~jf -- , C ~~~HARYANA~~

~~PAKISTAN UR~~

~~Map C6 Change in Ground Water Depth (Pre Monsoon 1984 1998) SroundceteDeportment. Raopthan of Outside Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page C.21 April 30, 2000 LECEND Distráct Heod Quorters, Pond (3_i'_ 8oundormes Stote. Districi, River osin - Scte 1: 4.200.000 Coniol, Rver, Pro>osed Conal -~~

~~Cotegory Stoqe of Deveiopmenl r j ~~SSafe Less lInon 70%.~~

~~SC - Semi Criticol 70 - 90Z~~

~~C - Crtic4o 90 - 100%~~

~~/// OE - tsOer E-, oit.d Gr.other thorn 100%~~

~~{f g^«2 ,=\ ~HARYANA~~

~~Source~~

~~J }1t -4 S ~~~~~--NAURw1AG~~

~~>, JA~ISALMçER W.è~~

~~-s `, ) txJ~~~ODHPLtR7r=t~~

~~04ound Wot.r D m*nt. COR. 1999~~

~~SEA: Finol Report-Volume 3 Poge C.22 April 30, 2000 L.EGENDA~~

~~SIATE DISTRICT~~

~~fASIN SUO EASIN KFI ~Eu s~~

~~.. TERTAeLE coNr ouRs~~

~~SAL ltNr CONT_OURS~~

~~/ > \I i / X ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~sSITnEAMS-- ~ ~~CAllAl~~

*4~~~~~~~4

~~, lERoI5tR E) , <~~~~ Ro D T n O C T ~~ P A o -~~~~~~~~O15tR1C o-~i 1 A~~

~~Map C8: Groundwater Level and Salinities In the Outside Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for the Outside Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page C.23 April 30, 2000 LEGEND EC (dS/m) Scole 1:4,200,000 <4 4-8 >8~~

~~PUNJAB~~

~~t,--aP : ' --l HARYANA~~

~~Pag C.-.24...... - )--~~

~~Ground Woter Deportm_ent.Roposihon SEA: Final Repo rt-Volume 3 oeC24April 30, 2000 LEGENO~~

~~AOUNDARIES:~~

~~| STATF DOISTrCT SCAL!$?OOOO~~

~~r, BASIN sUa F*SIN~~

~~(Ti .S.2.) 3 POTEtmAtIAZOES ANO NOI POTENTIAt ZONFS , HlLSANO HILLOCKS~~

~~EXTREME GROUNDWATEROVERDRAFT~~

~~GROUNOWATER UN,Ir FORORINAING (A-codín PloPHEO) / \ | ~~~~~~~~~~HIOUGROUNO%NATfR SAtLNr0 \ "~~

~~/ / \\á I _ ~~~~~~~ARTIFICIALRECHARGE POSSIO1Ltils,,&IIF _H.R- W CANALSISTRÉAMS_~~

~~U)~ ~ ~ ~ s JES~L lsH E X~~

~~-~~~LSIKAR ~~~~~~Rt~~

~~Ao R D ISER 11C A~~

~~FALI~~~~~~~IAJMER DISTRICI ' OISTRICT JAIPAULR ADAOISTRT R1 CT~~

~~Map C9: Groundwater Key Mapof the Outslde Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for the OutsideBasin~~

SEA: FinalReport - Volume 3 Page C.25 April 30, 2000 LEGENO D4stricl Head Oucrters, Poud Boundories Stote. District. Rwverdosin -Sale 1:4.200.00 River Protected Areo Cosed Area aIDmr, Future Feeder Canal Forset Arca

~~Note:- Protected & Cíosed oreas are not to scdle~~

~~PUNJAB~~

~~~~~~01 HARYANA:~~

~~PAK ISTA N BIKANER/1 J R~~

~~S.we,TM4bj. (Ig/6>& O'~.e.~~

~~S F,nReport-VLuMe 3~~

~~\ _ BARMiER(3 4~~

~~_ ~~~MapC10 Forest Areas & Protected areas in OutsideBasin~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page C.26 April 30, 2000~~

~~SECTIOND~~

~~MAHI BASIN EMP~~

~~MAHI BASIN EMP TABLE OF CONTENTS~~

1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION...... D.1 1.1 Basin Features ...... D.1 1.2 Water Development Projects...... D.1 1.2.1 Planned Projects...... D.1 1.2.2 Proposed RWRCP Activities...... D.1 1.2.3 Non- lrrigation Development Projects...... D.1 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW ...... D.2 2.1 Physical Environment...... D2 2.2 Chemical Environment...... D.4 2.3 Biological Environment...... D.5 2.4 Social and Cultural Environment...... D.5 2.5 Community Health Environment...... D.6 3.0 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTALIMPACTS ...... D.6 3.1 General...... D.6 3.2 Impact Specific tot heM ahiBasin ...... D.6 3.2.1 RWRCP...... D.6 3.2.2 Planned projects...... D.6 4.0 MITIGATION PLAN...... D.7

~~LIST OF BOXES~~

Box Dl: Mahi Basin RWRCP (ha)...... D.1 Box D2: Lodisar Minor imgation Project...... D.2 Box D3: Land Use (ha)...... D.3 Box D4: Cropping Pattem and Crop Yields...... D.3 Box D5: Measures to Sustain Positive lmpacts...... D.7 Box D06: Mitigation Measures...... D.7

~~LIST OF TABLES~~

Table D1.1: An Overview of features of Mahi Basin...... D.8 Table D1.2: Mahi Basin Water Development...... D.9 Table D1.3: Salient Features of Existing, Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Projects in Mahi Basin. D.10 Table D` .4: RajasthanWater ResourcesConsolidation Project PRFO and SAIFT Components for Mahi Basin...... D.10 Table D2.1: Exisling Environmental Conditionwithin the Mahi Basin...... D.11 Table D3.1: Mahi Basin EMP: Impact AssessmentMatrix for RWRCP...... D.13 Table D3.2: Mahi Basin EMP: lmpact AssessmentMatrix for Planned Projects...... D.15

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 Apnl 30, 2000 Page D. i LIST OF MAPS~~

Map Dl: Mahi River Basin Development...... D.18 Map D2: Soil Types Key Map of Mahi River Basin...... D.19 Map D3: Geological key Map of Mahi River Basin...... D.20 Map D4: Agro-Climatic Zones and ImrgationDemand Zones in Mahi River Basin...... D.21 Map D5: Groundwater Depth (Pre-Monsoon 1998) of Mahi Basin...... D.22 Map D5.1 Mahi Command Area GroundwaterDepth (Pre- Monsoon 1996)...... D.23 Map D6: Change in Groundwater Depth (Pre Monsoon 1984 & 1998) of Mahi Basin...... D.24 Map D7 Groundwater Exploitation wihin Mahi Basin, 1998...... D.25 Map D8: Groundwater Leveis and Salinities in Mahi Basin...... D.26 Map D9: Groundwater Key Map of Mahi Basin...... D.27 Map D10: Forest Areas and Protected Areas Relative to Planned Projects in Mahi Basin. D.28

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Aprl 30, 2000 Page D. ii SECTIOND MAHIBASIN EMP~~

~~1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION~~

~~1.1 BasinFeatures~~

The Mahi river basin is the southemmost rver basin locatedin south-eastemRajasthan. Total catchmentarea of the basinis 1.698Mha i.e. 5 percentof the State area.Mahi river orginatesin MadhyaPradesh and entersBanswara distdct in Rajasthan.The river makesa U shapedloop in Rajasthanbefore re-enteringGujrat. The upstreampart of the basin extendsover 0.886Mha in MadhyaPradesh and Gujrat States.The importanttfibutares of Mahi rver are: Eru, Nor, Chap,Som, Jakham, Moran, Anas, Gomti and Bhadar.The basin coverswhole of Banswaradistrict and partsof Chittorgarh,Dungarpur and Udaipurdistricts. The basinis semi-aridwith monsoonclimate with variablerainfall. An overviewof the basin featuresis givenin TableDl.1.

~~1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects~~

~~1.2.1 Plannedprojects~~

The presentand projected scenario of irrigationand nonirrigation projects and water demand in the basinare summarizedin TableD1.2 and Map Dl. Theseinclude: 225 existing projects with a CCAof 224,869ha; 38 on-goingprojects with a CCA of 31,692ha; and,310 planned projectslikely to be commissionedby 2015with a CCA of 54,751ha. The projectedincrease in the CCA will be from 224,869ha to 311,312ha (TableD1.3). Thereare no majorirrigation projects planned in the basin.Water from six irrigationprojects has beenallocated for domesticand industrialwater demandin Dungarpurand, Banswara citiesand, several villages in the Banswaradistrict.

~~1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities~~

The RWRCPcomponents (PRFO and SAIFT)are aimed at rehabilitationand modemization of existingirigation systemsthat have a low overall projectefficiency. The CCA of the proposedRWRCP projectsis 18,282ha (Box Dl) located in three districts:Banswara, Udaipurand Dungarpur (Map Dl andTable Dl.4).

~~BoxDl: Mahi BasinRWRCP (ha) * Onemedium project 5,731 * Eighteenminor projects 12,551~~

~~Proposaisfor Lodisarminor projectwere preparedby the PPU (Box D2). Proposaisfor other projectswould have to be preparedupon World Bank approving the RWRCP.~~

~~1.2.3 Non-irrigation development projects~~

The SWPprojected a significantgrowth in the annualwater demands for domestic,industrial and livestock (Table D11.2):a two fold increase in urban water demand ; and a several fold increase in the availability of waste water from urbanization.

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30,2000 Page D. 1 / ~~~~~BoxD2: Lodisar Minor Imrgation Project~~

~~/1 Location Projectlocate acnMoran River in DungarpurDistrnct\~~

2 Yea-: Construction 1956 3 Live n.toragecapacity, MmZ 10.05 4 CCA,ha 1,792 5 Actualirngation area, ha 1,434 5 lmgationlntensity, % 50 7 PresentProject efficiency, % 32 8 ProjectImgation efficiency, % 50 9 Viliages/beneficiaries 16Villages and 1952Farmers 10 Rehabilitationand modemization * Strengtheningof canal blanks * Lining * Upgradationof canal structures * Construcr,onof newstructures on the canal * Removalof unauthorizedoutiets * Watermeasunng structure * Canalcapacity to be increasedby remodelingof canal sections. * Constructionof newsubminors . Constructionof watercourses in vuínerablereaches

* Constructionof VRBs& CD Constructionirepairof serviceroads 11 ProposedWater UserAssociations 8 12 Problemsperceived by farmers * Silt problems,crucial * Tail-endvillages do not get waterlike middieand head villages;no equityin the distributionof water. • Farmersdo not get waterfor the entireland they posses

~~Source:PPU, 1999~~

~~2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASEUNE OVERVIEW~~

~~The existing environmental conditions within the Mahi basin are summarnzedin Table D2.1. These are bnefiy discussed below.~~

~~2.1 Physical Environment~~

Demography: According to the 1991 census, the population of the basin was 3.25 million (88 percent rural). The projected 1999 population is 3.7 million, while the forecast for the year 2015 is 5.44 million, an increase of about 67 percent.

Soils: The soil groups, Chromusterts, Pellusterts, Alfisols, and Haplustalfs are available in ali districts of the basin (Map D2). The Chromusters and Pellusters are deep and medium black soils conducive for swelling shrinking and cracking; Alfisois and Haplastalf are yeliowish brown soils of old aliuvial plain. Considerable area is occupied by hilis and hillocks particularly in Udaipur and Dungarpur districts.

SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30.2000 Page D. 2 Geology: Most of the basin is underlain by Archaean to Mesozoic era hard rock or consolidated rock aquifers which do not have large groundwater storage and well yields. Main rock types are: Basalt, Limestone, Shale, Phyllite, Schist and Gneisses. and Vindhyan Sandstone,Aliuvial aquifers,thickness is less than 1 Sm exist in Banswaradistrict (Map D3).

Land Forms: The basin is essentially a hilly tract, with rocky uplands (Offshoots or as ramnets of Aravaliis), erosional valleys (long, narrow and shallow valleys) and, pediplains (undulatingor rolling erosional plain covered mostly by thin soil cover).

Land Use: Out of a total land area of 1.698 Mha, an area of 0.257 Mha (15 percent of the basin area) is considered suitable for irrigation. Of this area, some 0.225 Mha or 88 percent, are under the existing irigation projects. A broad breakdown of land use, cropping pattem and yield of major crops is given in Box D3 and D4.

~~Box D3: Land Use(ha)~~

~~• Khanf 1,300 • Rabi 203,300 . DoubleCropped 519,000 . Fallow 300 *. Total 256,800~~

Irrigation Growth: Upon completion of ongoing and implementation of planned projects, the total CCA in this basin would likely increase from 0.225 Mha to about 0.311 Mha. The area outside the CCA with present levei of groundwater draft for imigationis estimated as 0.09 Mha, which is projected to reduce to 0.07 Mha by the year 2015 due to growth of domestic and industrialdemand.

~~Box D4: Cropping Pattem and Crop Yields~~

~~CropJSeason %Cropped Yeld (tlha) Kharif Maize 52 1.2 Jowar 3 0.5 Pulses 14 0.4 Paddy 15 1.2 Others 16 Rabi Wheat 32 2.6 Mustard 3 1.0 Gram 13 1.1 \ Pulses 3 1.0 Others 49~~

System rehabilitation and modemizationactivities of RWRCP could result in changes in the cropping pattem and a general increase in yields. Climate: The mean annual rainfall is 700 mm of which about 94% occurs during the monsoon months of June to September. On the average, there are 53 rainy days (days vAth rain of 2.5 mm or more). The mean annual relative humidity in the moming and evening is 56 and 37%, respectively. Meanwind velocity varies in June from 9.8 klnhr to 4.4 km/hr in September. Climatic Zones: The basin has the following two agro-climatic zones (Map D4): • Zone IVA: Sub-humidsouthem plain & Aravalli hilis, and • Zone IVB: Humid southem plain SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Aprl 30, 2000 Page D. 3 Reservoirs: There are 3 on-streamreservoirs (Mahi Bajaj Sagar,Jakham and Jaisamand), and 1 on-goingmajor reservoir(Som Kanla Amba Project). The total live storage of the existing and on-going reservoirsis 2261 and 160 Mm, respectively.Mahi Bajaj Sagar generateshydropower with two powerhouses at the dam and lwo mini hydroelectricstations on the Right Main canal.Accordíng to the existinginter-State agreement, Madhya Pradesh state will utilize,370 Mm3/yr,and the balancewill be sharedby Gujratand Rajasthanat the ratio of 82:18,respectively.

River Water Quantity: The total yield of Mahi River Basin at Kadanareservoir site, was computed as 13972 Mm3 lyear(TAHAL, 1988). The estimatedflows at 75% and 50% excedenceprobability are 4032and 6277 Mm3/year respectively.

GroundwaterTable: The pre-monsoon(1998) water table in the basinwas 5 to 20m (Map D5) bgl exceptin some areasof Mahi commandwhere the water table was within 5 m bgl. Map D5.1shows pre-monsoon 1996 watertable depth in Mahicommand to indicatethe trend. ln post-monsoon,1998, watertable depth was within 3m in about48,000 ha and within5m in 83,000ha in Mahi command.ln severalarmas of the water basin water table had declined upto7m duringlast 15 years(Map D6). In the southemhalf of the basinupto 3m rise in water levei was observed.ln general,groundwater development in the basinis withinsafe category exceptChittorgarh, which is in semi-criticalstage.

Water Use: The total water use of 1159 Mm3/yr during 1995 is projectedto increaseupto 1561Mm 3/yr by (TableD 11,D 1.2and figureD1) the year 2015.The non-irrigationdemand is about 14.5%of the total demand.

Sedimentation:TAHAL (1998) estimated siltation rates of 243 m3 1Km 2/ year basedon data from existingreservoirs in the basin, and silt load observationsat river flow gaugingsites maintainedby CWCand ID. lt was assumedthat 55% of the incomingsilt couldbe deposited in the storage,and reduction in the live storagecapacity of differentdams would be lessthan one percent per year of silt depositedin the reservoirs.Considenng a 100 years life expectancyof the demandreservoirs, the silt load in the basinis consideredlow. 2.2 Chemical Environment

River Water Quality: Mahi river water quality is generallygood and suitablefor inigation purposes.The CPCB classifiedMahi river flowingin Rajasthan,as C Classi.e. suitable as drinking water sourcewith conventionaltreatment followed by disinfection.During 1996-9, the average concentrations(in mgnl)of key parametersare: TDS 405- 532; COD 41- 53; BOD 1.3-2.2; and DO4.4- 4.7.

Groundwater Quality: Groundwateris used for inigationas well as non-imgationpurposes. The EC rangesfrom 0.5 to 1.0 dSlm exceptsome placeswhich have higher values of EC (Map D8). ln 37 % area of the basin,the groundwateris unsuitabiefor drinking(Map D9). Fluorideproblem is reportedin partsof Dungarpurand Udaipurdistricts.

Soil Salinity, Sodicity and SoilQuality: Thereare no significant salt affectedareas except in Chittaurgarhdistrict. Department of Agriculture,GOR (1969) reported an area of 11,700 ha as salt affectedarea underirrigation out of which10,800 lie in Chittorgarh.lnformation on soil quality(availability of nutrientsincluding micro-nutrients) is lacking.

Discussionswith AgricultureDepartment and RAU indicatednutrient deficiencies exist in the areas: zinc in areas under paddy and wheat farrning; suipher in oilseed crops; and, in general,nitrogen and phosphorous.The averagegrain yield of irrigatedcrops such as wheat, gram andmustard are 20 to 50percent higher than non-irrigatedcrops (1996-98).

Pollution Sources: Industrialeffluent, municipalwaste includingsewage effluent, run off from over use of fertilizersand pesticidesare the major sourcesof pollution.RIICO has set up6 industrialareas in BanswaraDistrict, 3 in DungarpurDistrict and 2 in ChittorgarhDistrict SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30,2000 Page D. 4 (RI1CO,1998).These industrial areas are not considered hot spots (Map 4.10, Volume2). There are some industries outside the RIICO industrial areas, such as the marbie industry. The SPCB ensures that the industries comply wih the effiuent treatment according to the standards. No city or town in the basin has sewage treatment plant. In fact most places are not having sewage system.

Fertilizer Use: Dunng the period 1991-98, there has been a significant increase in the use of fertilizers (75% increase in N, 12% increase in P). The general perception has been that the farmers tend to use more fertilizer under irrigated agriculture than required by the crops. The average annual fertilizer use in the total cropped area (irigated and unirrigated) during 1997-98 (in the form of nutrients, kgtha) in different districts in the basin (Map 4.12,Volume 2) was 27 to 67 kg/ha. Assuming, the rate of application in irrigated areas could be 143 to 162 kglha, minimum being in Dungarpurand maximum in Banswara.Discussions with State Agriculture Departmentand RAU reveal that up to 200 kglha of fertilzer use (in the form of nutrients) annuailyis consideredsafe and would not have adverse residualimpact.

Pesticide Use: The pesticide consumption in the basin during 1997-98 (as per TGM) was 0.13 to 0.48 kglha of cropped area (Map 4.13, Volume 2). The average use of pesticides in the basin was only 0.26 kg/ha.

The limited studies conductedduring 1991-99 at RAU Research Station Durgapura (Jaipur) showed some residual impact on vegetables. Monitoring of agricultural runoff with regard to pesticides concentrationis needed..

~~2.3 Biological Environment~~

Biodiversity and Conservation Areas: The basin is rich in plant diversity. There are 3 sanctuanes(Jaisamand, Sitamata and Bassi) in the basin. Jaisamand sanctuary, established in 1957 near the Jaisamand lake covering an area of 16,000 ha is an ecologically sensitive area. There is no ciosed area .

Biodiversity is getting degraded due to adverse biotic activities such as hacking, continuous grazing, browsing and periodic fires. Important plant species forming an associationwith the microhabitat are zizyphus nummularia along with leptadenia pyrotechnica,cassiatora, tridax prcumbens and eragrostics tremula. Immigration of exotic species like parlhenium and lantana is a serious concem in the basin.

~~Basin supports wide range of animais varying from avifaunal to mammais. Animais of endangeredcategory are: fishing cat, leopard, chinkara,monitor lizard, tortoise and peafwel.~~

~~Forest Area: The basin has a forest arca of 469,600 ha under different categories(reserved, protected and unclassified) which is 27% of the total catchment area of the basin.~~

Map D10 shows the general locations of planned projects. A few of the pianned projects appear to be in the close vicinity of forests as seen in the map. Projects located within 10 km of the boundary of reserved forests or a designated ecologicaily sensitive area, or within 25 km of the boundary of National park or sanctuary wili require environmental clearance from the Central Govemment.

~~Lakes: Jaisamand lake is in the basin.~~

~~2.4 Social and Cultural Environment~~

Seven percent of the state popuiation is in Mahi basin. 88 percent live in rural areas and 12 percent in urban areas. There are 62 percent scheduied cast and scheduied tribes in the basin as against 30 percent at the state level. The basin has 3,827 viliages and 15 towns. SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Apnl 30, 2000 Page D. 5 The population density is 199 persons per sq.km as against 129 per sq.km for the state. Average land holding is 1.7 ha as against the state average of 3.96 ha . There are 1571 cooperative societies, and 37 NGOs within the basin. An average of 64 percent are below poverty line as against 31 percent at state levei. The total literacy rate is 31 percent. The birth and death rates in the basin are 1.5 and 1.4 respectively. The gender ratio is 962 women per 1000 men. The mean age at marriage is 16 years, which is an impediment to education and development of women. The fertility rate is 6 children per women as against 4.7 at state levei. The female literacy rate is 17 percent as against 20 percent at the state levei.

Except Chiltorgarh and parts of Udaipur districts, indigenous people, tribal communlties (Mainly Bhil, Bhil-Mina, Gracia and Kathodi) are dominant in the basin (Map Dl). The tribals have distinct culture, social structure and life style. Various schemes related to irrigation, agriculture, fisheries, afforestation, silviculture, and social welfare have been implemented in the area under the Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) by the GOR.

~~2.5 Community HeaKhEnvironment~~

The water related diseases such as malaria, typhoid, amoebiosis, gastroenteritis, jaundice/hepatitis are common in the basin, Large number of cases are reported annually. During 1997 cases (per 1000 persons) reported for different diseases are: malaria 11; gastroenterrites 14, amoebiosis (diarrhoea) 8 and typhoid 2. About 12 percent of the total cases of malana and 9 percent of the total cases of amoebiosis in the state were from the basin. The existing communhtyhealth problems in irrigated areas are sketchy. Further data will have to be collected from existing public health centers and medical facilities in the rural areas to address the problem of water bome diseases in the basin.

~~3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS~~

~~3.1 General~~

A discussion on impact identification, methodology and guidelines for production of impacts, typical examples for the RWRCP and planned projects is contained in the SEA Report (Volume 2). For the Mahi basin, the impact assessment matrix for RWRCP and planned projects is given in Tables D3.1 and D32, respectively.

~~3.2 lmpacts Specific to the Mahi Basin~~

~~3.2.1 RWRCP~~

Although mostly positive, there would be a concem on possible reduction in groundwater recharge due to rehabilitation and modemization of irrigation systems, particularly in the areas where presently water table is declining, for example in the Udaipur district.

~~3.2.2 Planned projects~~

Some of the planned projects appear to be in areas in which the grmundwaterexploitation is in semi-critical stages. New írrigation in such arcas will provide an environment conductive to increased recharge. The impacts will be two fold: a reduction in pumping depths for domestic demand in over exploited areas in the lift irrigation schemes and, an increase in waterlogging conditions in shallow watzr table areas. ln both cases, the conditions promote the need for judicious integrated surface and groundwater management.

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Aprii 30, 2000 Page D. 6 * The new irrigated CCA requires careful planning, consideringthe vast bio-diversity in the forest and protected areas.~~

~~4.0 MlTIGATIONMEASURES~~

Measures to sustain positive impacts and mitigation measures for the negative impacts related to different environmental parameters in RWRCP and Planned Projects are included in Tables D3.1 and D3.2. These are summarized in Box D5 and D6. The mitigation measures mainly pertain to: improved efficient use of surface water; conjunotive use of surface and groundwater; adequale drainage; improved management practices for agnculture inputs such as INM & IPM; regular maintenanceof I&D systems; involvement of WUA in the distribution; management and maintenance of canais; and, industiial and municipal waste water effluent treatment before discharge into rivers or spread on-land surface or use for irrigation.

~~Box D5: Measuresto SustainPositive Impacts~~

RWRCP Planned Projects . OLMof l&Dnetwork o IWAM • IWAM a O&Mof I&Dnetwork • OFD * Newdrainage network . Groundwatermanagement o OFD . INM,IPM,weed control a Groundwatermanagement • Effiuenttreatment a WUAformation • Provisionof drainage * WaterPricing . infrastructuredevelopment such as roads, o INM,IPM, weed control training marketsand credit& inputfacilities * Avoidanceof locatingprojects near . 100%membership in WUA ecologicalsensitive arcas . FarmerslNGOtraining . Infrastructuredevelopment such as roads, \ Water suppiyand sanrtation marketsand credit& inputfacliies

Box D6: MitigationMeasures RWRCP Planned Projects . Groundwatermanagement (controi of over o IWAM exploitationof GW) o OFD . AgnculturalDrainage Mamntainin-streem flow requirements * O&Mof I&D network * INM,IPM, weed contrai Effuenttreatment * Watersupply & sanitation Communityhea.th

Water quality monitoring, analysis and enforcement of legal requirements to maintain effluent quality from industries, sewage and agricultural run off shouid be ensured by the suggestedagencies (Chapter 11, Volume 2).

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page D.7 Table DI.1: An Overvíew of features of M8hi Basin~~

S.No. Baln Features Value Intormation Sourae 1 Catchmentarea within Rajasthan 1.661Mha Tahal 2 Dlstricts Area Km2 % of Basin Arca Banswara 4,927 29 Tahal Chittorgarh 2.235 13 Dungarpur 3.285 19 Udaipur 6.538 39 3 Popuatlon (MlUln) | 991 1995 200 2015 Rural 3.0 3.3 4.1 4.8 Tshal OtherTowns 02 0.3 0.4 0.6 Total 32 3.6 4.5 5.4 4 Totalculturable ama (Mha) 0.5889M Plan

Average imngatedama (Mha) - _ 0217 5 Totalmoan annual surface Water otential(Mm 3NYrl 4.529 gth Ptan * Utilized(Mm 31/vr 853 Tahal * % Utilized 19 6 Toal Groundwaterannual recharge lMm 3) 96 GWD,GOR * Wtlized(Mm 3hr) 266 * % Utilized 28 7 Total CCA (ha) * ExistngPrmects 224,869 Tshal * OngoingProects 31.692 * ProposedProjectas 54,751 Total 311,312 8 Amalrrigated using Groundwater (ha) UExistbng 102.785 Vltal Stetisbcs Mn the year 2015(assumed) E1.259 9 1Share of a than ln Mahlwaters at Mahl Dam 570 Tahal 10 NonIrrtaation Water demand (Mm lrl 1995 Dornesc__ 94 Tahai * Industrial 0.68 ______73 __Tota 168 _ Sources:1)TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998, Water Resources Planning tor MahiBasin 2) ProjectPreparation Unit 3) Depanmentof lmgabon, GOR,Jaipur, 1996. Report o bheWorlking group on lmgationfor TheNinth Fiv YearPlan (1997-2000) 4) GroundWater Depanment, GOR, 1999, Ground Water Resources of Rajasthan (lmgationPotental) as on January.1998.

Note: The valuesh~ave been copiled from vanoussources and adopted, wit~ best judgement for this SEAstudy. Theo hese valuosmay not be appropnatefor designingdevent worfcs(both RWRCP and planned PW~e)s> witbin and autaide therespev CCAs.

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Apnl 30. 2000 PageD.8 TableDt.2: Mahl Basln Water Developmentupto year 2015~~

Water Development lrrlgation Rehabilitation Non-rrígation Other Water Prol cts 1 Projects Prolects Prolect Ralined Watershed<' Evaporation Basin's WR WR OFD OFD RWRCP DomStic Llvestock Industrial Agriculture<" Dev. a Soll ponds SW GW Transfer wlth PRFO& Urban Rural Thermal Other Conservation stagnant Command Non Import"' SSO SAIFT power water bodies

command ______Present development Area (Mhal 0.225 0 012 0.090 0.030 0 021 Water use Mm'/vr 2.563 411 2951 2 6 7 3 0.6 . E xpansion upto 2015 Area-Mha) _o 08c 0.003 0.01 0 030 0.018 - -0.030 o 150 Waler use: Mfm /vr -5841 r -6i_21 3 0.37 _ Year 2015 cumulative Area (Mhal 0 311 0.01 0.072 . 0.030 . 0.018 . . . 0 171 pro ections Water use: Mm'/vr 3147 3; 23 51 9 81 . 1.0

3 1. The shareol Rajasthanin MahiWaters et MahiDam Is 570 Mm/yr. TabalConsullants proposed lo transfersurplus Mahl waters to tuni Basinthrough Narmada Canal ln Gujaratas a long-termplan. 2 Rainfedagriculture is assumedas totalarea suitablefor irrigationminus lhe CanalCommand Area 3 WalershedDevelopment Program Constilute upto 30%irrigaled area with theindividual block (PanchayatSamiti> in the 9th Plan Presenldevelopment Is for 1996-98.Projectlons based on 10,000ha/yr.

~~Eleclricitygeneration (1 40 MW)at MahiBajal SagarDam~~

Sources: 1) TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998, Water Resources Planning for Mahi RiverBasin 2>Ground Waler Department,GOR. 1999.Ground Water Resources ol Rajasthantrrigation Potential as on January1998 3) WatershedDevelopment and SoilConservation Deparimenl. Jaipur 4) Directorateof Agriculture.Rajasthan, 1998 Vital AgricultureStatistlcs. 1997-98

Note: The valueshave been compiledIrom various sources and adopted wlth bestjudgement for this SEAstudy. Therefore these values may ndo be approprlatefor designingdevelopment works (bothRWRCP and plannedprojects) wHthin and outsidethe respective CCAs.

~~SEA.Final Reporl - Volume3 PageD 9 April 30, 2000 Table DI.3: Salient Features of Existing, Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Project in Mahi Basin~~

Status Class Noratchment Liv Storage CCA Projects Áratcmn Capaclty 2 3 km Mm ha Existing Major 3 8,747 2.262 167,813 Medium 2 681 46 7,968 Minor 220 5,837 256 49,088 Subtotal 225 15,265 2,563 224,869 Ongoing Major 1 1,242 160 17,724 Minor 37 17 173 13,968 Subtotal 38 1,259 333 31,692 Proposed Medium 3 467 72 13,757 Minor 307 n.d. 212 40,995 Subtotal 310 467 283 54,751 Basin total _ 16.990 3,179 311.312 CCA: CulturalCommand Area Major: CCA> 10,000ha Medium: CCA2,000 - 10,1000ha Minor: CCA < 2,000ha Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for Mahi RiverBasin

~~Table D1.4: Ra>asthanWater ResourcesConsolidation Project PRFO and SAIFT Componentsfor Mahi Basin.~~

Yearof Culturable S.No. Name of Project District Complation Command CompletlonareJhadol Udaipur 1962 595 3 Nagmala 1940 254 4 Kejar 1955 688 5 Harchand 1955 966 6 Chawand 1955 359 7 Margia Dungarpur 1984 866 8 GhonyonKa Naka 1975 331 9 Gajpur 1966 771 10 Bilpan 1955 544 11 Vatrak 1966 1,216 12 Bhadar 1970 670 13 Punjpur 1918 581 14 Kantn 1956 428 15 Galiyana 1982 446 F. Bada Ki Bar 1961 587 7 Tamatiya 1968 381 18 Lodisar_ 1967 1,792 Sub Total _ 12,551 Total 18.282 ' Projectproposal for modemizationprepared Source: ProjectPreparation Unit

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume3 April30. 2000 Page D.10 Sheet 1 of 2~~

~~Table D2.1: Existing Environmental Condition wlthin the Mahi Basin~~

ExistUng S.No. Environmental Baselino lnformaton Conditions ._- Physical Demography (miHlion) 1991 - 3.25, 1999 - 3.70. and 2015 - 5.44 Topoqraphv Hiliy terrain, undulatingtopography Soils ln paris of basmn-Chromusterts(deep and medium blaclksoiis conducavefor swelling, shnnkingand cracidngin some other parts-Alfisols (yellow brown soils of old alluvial plains,redloams of burried pediment) Geology Rocrksbelonging to Archaeanto Mesozoic era. Main rck unris are:Baaai limestone. shaie, phyllile.schistand aneisses. Land Forms Rocky uplands(Offshoats or as ramnents of Aravalis), Erosianal valleys (long,narrowand shallow valleys), Pedipiains(undulating or roiling erouional pian covered mny by thin soil cover) 2 Land Use lmgable ama 15%<2.568 km2). Land use lasses(lrm ): Khanf - 13. Rabi - 2033, double =_ooped - 519. fallow - 3. Water distribution Share frmn Mahi dam 0.57 Bm3/yr. Sprinkler sets - 1943,irrigated ara by sprirhir 9700 ha.

lmgaton growth ExastingProjects: Major - 3, Medium- 2, Minor- 220, Origoing: Major-1 * Minar-37, Proposed:Medium - 3, Minor - 307. Cropping Pattem Major roNps(imgated and unimgated) % ama Kharif:Paddy 15.2, C~tton 1.8, Jowar 2.7, Maize 52.1, Pulses 14.1. Rabi: Wheat 31.5. Barley 2.2, Gram 13.4. Mus~ta 3.4, Pulses 2.7.

Clímate Basinmean rainfall-700. rainy days-53, Mean annlual relative hurmid,ty- mang 56% d Ciimat______evening 37%, Mnd -4.4to 9.8kcmhr 3 Reservoirs 3 Major on - s reservars_ram (incuding 1 hyd_ pawr) with_a lotal l_e - 2260 Mm .

Ríver Water Ouantity Meanannual yíeld - of Mahi ~verat Kadana Reserviorsite at 50% xrcedencepobability 3 ______6,277Mmn . Dram water Quantity Most irrigaton distributionsystems are lined, scepage losses approx20 % of canal supplies.

~~Groundwatertable 5 to 20m bgl in most aremas.Within Sm bgl in about 12% area parbcularlyMahi Command.~~

Sedimentation Mahinver 243m3~ 2/rn 2 Chemical Ríverwater quality Mahi nver (1996 & 1997): EC - 0.1 dS/m, TDS, COD, BOD & DO 405- 532.41 -53, 1.3- 2.2.4.4 - 4.7 mg/l. CPCB cassified Mahi river as C clasu based on phsiochenical water quality. Reservoirwater qualty - GroundwaterQuality Mostly good, EC 0.5-1.0 dsWm.soare patches (about 37% of basn arca) of poor quality of ______water which is unfit for drinkingpurp~ose. Soil salinity and sod'cíty No s,cnificantsatt affectedamas other than Chittorqarhdistnct. Ama 11.700 ha. Point source Pollution Industnes in Banswara. Dunqerpur & Chittorgarh. 11 industrialamas, na hot spot. Diffuse source Polution Urban waste disposalin lcal stream. No STP. Estamatedsewage effluentin 14 towns: 2.6 3 Mm in 1999. Fertilizer use, MT (1997-98) Total N.P,K - 44391 t; (36542t- N, 7685t - P & 164t - K) Rismngtrend mnnargen fertilizer use. PestIcide use (1997-98) 44.2 Vyr (TGM, 1997-98).026 kg/ha. The levei of use is low. Weed kiNler Neqiigible 3 Bioloqical Desert Environment Not applicable Natural desert Flora Not appilcable Endanqeredflora Not aplcable Desert Fauna Not applmcable Conservationareas San_tuaryat Jaisa_and Lakes Jaisamand lake Wíld life Rich & vaned Avifaunal to mamrnais. Forests Mostly dry decaduousforest: Reserve 2064, Protected 2587, Unclassifed 44 (Total 4695 sq, km. ) Wetüands Vilíagestanks and small reserors. Endanqered Fauna Fishinq cat, Leopard. Chinkara,monitor lizard,Torto_se peafowl. íBodiversity Ruchin plant diversity but degraded due to manmade acbvibes.

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Apnl 30. 2000 Page 0.11 Sheet 2 of 2~~

~~Table D2.1: ExistUng Environmental Condition wlthin the Mahi Basin~~

Existing S.No. Environmental Baseline lnformatlon Conditions 4 Socio- Cultural Crop Yields, (tlha) Crop yield (1996-97) Kharf: Paddy - 1.2, Cotton - 0.3, Jawar - 0.5, Maíze - 1.2. Pulses - 0.4. Rabi: Wheat - 2.6, Barley - 2.2, Gram - 1.1, Mustard - 1.0, Pulses - 1 Food for Work Program Not applicable Land tenure (1995-96) Averace sezeof land holding-1.7 ha. SeitemaentPanem (1991) Populabondensity 199 person~/sq.kmi. Quality of lIe (1995-96) Total ibteracyrate-31%, Decadal growth rate <1981-91)-26%.Birth rate rural per 1000-1.5 (1995), Death rate. rral. per 1000- 1.4. Ei~cidty consumption 430 Mkwhhyr. Gender eauitv 962 wornn per 1000 man. Female literacy rate 17%. Mean age at maniaa 16 years. Peopte partícipahon Cooperatv societies - 1571. Tourism & histoncal sites Temple-1:Fort-3; sanctuary-wíldlif-1, evidence of stona and later stona agas in Ch ,orgaih, _Ba ore and Ahar(Udaipur) NGO hnvolvement 37 NGOs lndgeneaus peoape BEI. Bhil - Mina, Garasiya in Banswara. Dungarpur and paris of CNthorg and Udaipur

5 Community Health (casas reportded In 1997) Maiana 40779, cases per 1000 - 11 Gastroenteritis 51987 casas r 1000- 14 Jaundice 961 liarrhoea 30384, cases per 1000 - 8 Typhoid 8007 cases per 1000 - 2 Source: See References

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 A.rIl 30. 2000 Page D.12 Sheet 1 of 2~~

~~Table 03.1: MahI Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for RWRCP~~

RWRCP Components: Improved irrigation management and transaer; Agricultural inlensification; Sustainable ground water resource managemenl. RWRCP AtclvIltes: Rehabilitatíon and modernlzation o( ID systems in 18282 ha Líning o( canais and water courses

~~26 Sedimentation _~~

27 Surface water quality Reduced poNution irom agro-cheoiscats LocaV kewl positve) long-Ienn/ reversible INM: IPM: weed control: treatment od downstream _ industrlaland munkipal effluents; WQ 28 Drain water auailty Improvement due to INM/ IPM LocaVmedlum/ posetivel shorl-lerm revenibbe cloring* 29 Reservoir Water Qualty No impas Nit 30 iW drinklng quality 31 GW gnigatic guaílly ______32 o salinlrty Reduction lnhsol saounity Localf Bol positive/ lonq-ternrv reversible Provislon od drainaae 33 Poini ource poNuOo No Impad Ni 3 Dlifuse source poIlutIon _ _

~~See Nole aí Sheel 2~~

~~SEA: Final Report Volume 3 Page 0 13 April 30. 2000 Sheet 2 on2~~

~~Table 03.1: Mahl Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for RWRCP~~

RWRCPComponents: Improved IrrIgalionmnanagement and Iransfer; Agriculturalintensirication; Sustainable ground waterresource management. removal ol unauthorisedoulíeis. vRCP ActívIlies: Rehabiltalion and modernizationol ISD systemsin 18282ha. Lining ol canaisand water courses (as needed);rehabilitatlion of struclures;service roads; now measLirerent: '>nnodelingo1 outlel fohrmationol WUA and Waler DistributionCommitlee: Stre gthening agricultureextenslon; and. tarmertrainin through PRFO andSAIFT. Measures Residual Impacts S No. Environmeritai Potential Impact Raltng o/ Impacts for Signiflcance Measures to sustain Mltigation Parameter (scope/ magnlludel direction/ neutral or posltive Impacts for negalive ImpacNs duration/ revermIbillty1 35 FerItlizeruse Balanceduse Locattbwl neutrall/ong-lerm/reversible INM 36 Peslicideuse IPM 37 Weed killer use Weedcontroi a lraining 3 _ Elllo

49 Genderequity Irnproved slatus of womenincreeasehn LocaVhigh/ posNtiveltong-lerm/ Irreversibte lileracy,more participationin larming and dechsbn 50 Peopbeparticpalbon lncreasedparticipetlon through WUAs Local high/posilivelbong-lerm1 reversibte Farmer lraining; 100% membershipin WUA

St Tourisrn No Impact NN 52 Historical siles 53 NGO Increased hivovemenl LocalIiowIpositveflongterm/irreverslble NGO trahnng 54 Indégenouspeople improvementln socioeconomic status ot tiribals S Community Healtit 55 Diseases urban No Impace 56 Diseases rural Decrease In lhe incidenceol malaria and LocaVb0w/ positive/ ong-ternm/reversible aler supply & sanitallon lother water related diseases_ 57 Dis,easeslive slock No Impad Ni __ Note 1t Scope Local: hswilhin 1 km ol the proposeddevebopmenl achity, basln-wideis wilhn lhe basin Isefl.regional is within Ralasthan 2j Magnitude:High means '75%. mediurnhs between 50-75%.low Is 25-50% and negligibleis lesg than 25% 3) Direclion Net positiva,negative or neutralNrpact 41 Ouration:long-lem Is 1Oyearsg medium -lerm 1I 2-10yeers, short - term is '2 years 5 Reversibiliy Reversibleor Irreversible(positive or negathveaimpaci to lhe resource/populatlon(wlthin a pro>ectedtime - Irame ol 15 yeers). 6> Paramelers requrirngmonitoring and denoted ( *

~~See Nole ai Sheet 2 April 30 2000 SEA Final Report- Volume 3 PagaD 14 Sheet 1 of 3~~

~~Table D3.2: Mahl Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for Planned Projects~~

Plannad Projects lUplo 2015): Irrigation expansion in 31.700 ha (ongolng projects); new irrigatlionprojects ln addilional 54.700 ha; water development fornon-agricufture projects 239 Mm (Induslry,domesc, tlivesiock) S.No. Envlronmental Potentia Impacts Rating o7 lmpacte Measure te ustain Mitigation measures Residual impacta parameter Escapei magnitudel directionl durationl neutral ar postiva impacts for negativo Impacts or beneflis _ i~ -- e rovertribility} l Pftysicai ______1 Penigraphy Populationincrease due to Improved quality 8asin wide now /positive /long term lirreversible Increased agriculture oulput, ol libe increased water supply 2 Topooraphy Land Improvemenlin ihigaled area L.ocailw /posilive onglemm firreversble environmentally benericial. 3 Soils: Walerlogging Rise ln GW level, and general waterlogging Basin wide/ medium/ nõegmlvm/long-termm IWAM, OFO and subject lo mltigaUionmeasures in CCA reversibie Agricultural drainage being implemenied 4 Soib: Qualitv Improve Basin wide/medlum/posilve/lonstlermlreversible IWAM 5 Geoht No Impact Nil 6 land forms ______7 Land use: head end Ralnfed agriculture lo Irrgated agriculture; Basin widelmediumlpositivelong-temlreversibie IWAM & OSM of IS network Change ln cropping palem: 8 Land use: middle 9 Lsnd use: tali end 10 On-larm development Increase LocaiImediumípostive~anp-iemv irreversibie Appilcabie OFD model 11 Water disiribuilon syslem Increase in agricullure and non-agricultural õashnwide / hlgh Ipoi'ved long-temi/ Irreversibbe OFD. IWAM.OSM of ISD demands. network. WUA. Water Prkling 12 Drainage System Some inprovement. Sasin wide)medlum/poaitiveAong-ien/irreversible New drainago neiwodl

~~13 Irrigation Iníensity increase Basin wlde/mediur/posltive/long lefm /reveraible IWAM. OSM of 11 netork,~~

14 Irrigation Grawlth lrrgation expansbon Basin wlde highl positlvel Iong-lemvlfreversibie OFD. IWAM, OW ot ISD ______~~~~~~~~network.WUA 15 Cropping inlensity lncreased multiple cropping 8ashnwlde/medlur/pos,iive1ong.termA'reversie netWAM

18 Croppina Paltam Introducion ot hih vatue crops Basin wide/med"utnoslive/bp tbrm/revor51bie IWAM 17 Climat Improvemenl possibh Basin wide/ 10w!posiflve/ bnpolenmnIrreversible 18 Reservoirs New reservolr but ocaVnegligiWlga~na-terrnl/ ieversdb 19 Surfacewat'r quanfity Reducedln-siream f1ow Localvbvr nm / s*hort-temvreversibie Maintain [n-stream Ibow reqirementa 20 Drah waler quantNy Inr raaed drain 11ow Basin wlde/medlum/nhga~ng-term treversibbe

21 GW aqulfer retnrg creasd ar LocaVmedlumpositive/long-temV reveraible O&M d IbD networt, IWAM 22 GW dePleti1n eIalbioAM 23 GW tabbe Riso hi water tabi Looalmedlum!nungal ig-tem reversible O&M d l&D network. OFD, IWAM 24 Conjunctive use Increase LoraU low/ positive/ onglg-temreversibhe Moritoring adGW expltaetion and enforcement`^

~~25 Eroslnil Not s4gnificanl_ 26 SedimeniaiOi______~~

~~See Note ai Sheel 3~~

~~SEAFinal Repori Volume Pago D.15 April 30. 2000 Sheel 2 ol 3~~

~~Tabla D3.2: Mahli Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for Planned ProJects~~

Planned Projects (Upte20151: Iniglion expansion In 31.700 ha (ongoingprojecis): new Irrigalion pOjeds Iinaddi(ional 54,700 ha: walerdevelopment fot non-agricullureprojects 239 Mm' (Industry,domeslkc. liveslock) 5 No. Environmental Polential Impacta Rating ot Impacte Meiam r toswstain Mltlgation measures Residual Impacts parameter 1(copa/ magnitudel directlonl durationl neutral ar positivo Impacto for negative Impacts or benefits - ______revwrlbllty) _ _ 2 Chemkda __- 27 Suriace water quality DeterioretedIn-stream and droin water Oasin widel mediumotnea~? reversible Maintain acceptable waler downstream quality; increased industrial and domestic quality, INM, IPM. elfluent eitluenl: and Increased pesticide use trealmenl and monitoríng. and enforcemeni ** 28 Drain water quality lDeterioration due lo Increasedagro- lasin wide/mediumnsgallysreversible INM. IPM, Monitoring* chemicaisuse _____ 29 Reservoir water Qualidy Neadiibbi Nil 30 GW drinking quality tmproved GW quality. delerioration In 8asin *idei med'um/ positivo & negat~ve long-erçr Efituent treatimeni and industrial arcas reversible enforcrmenl in Induslrial ______-______areas 31 GW iigatlion quaiity lmrprovedGW quality Basin widet mediumnpositive I long-termV ______Irreversible 32 Souisalinity Increased soll sahinltyin CCA LocaU rnediumnahdlivo iong-lerrJ revenrible OFD, IWAM, OM ol l&D systems: provislon of .______dr hain e 33 Point source poiluUon Some iicresse LocasüwInaga ~long ternmreveruible Trealmenl of industrial ______ettluentand enforcerment 34 Dlifuse source poiuHon Untrested sewageeffluent disposal ln rers. Locallmedium/negallvlong-termfreversibie Sewage efiMuenttrealment. cansis and drainage system: delerloratlon Monltoring ol etiluent ** od surface WO; and aquNferpollutlon and eniorcemeni

~~35 Fertilizer use Incr,ased fertlilizeruse Basin widelmediumt neutral long-lem / reversibie INM~~

~~3' Pestk7deuse Inct55sed pestidde use and funqiddes PM 37 Weed MiIierusa Increase Weed contrI & train!n_ 3 _Blologacl ___ 38 Conse~~

~~39 Fmoret 41 Endanmsredflora 42 Laeieswater bodiss 43 8iodhvetsv-- -~~

~~44 Sodoy1lturd |ncresss In yioid |Bagírswn*Idet /ipo511hvt long-termrn reversibiu IWAM Sa|Iocultural benefits and~~

~~_ _ _ g _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~lirprovemelI ull i~~

~~Soe Nolt aí Sheet 3~~

~~SEAFinal Report. Volurno 3 Pago DIa Apr1 30 2000 Sheet 3 of 3~~

~~Table D3.2: MahI Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for Planned Projects~~

Planned Projects (Upto 2015): Irrigation expansion in 31.700 ha (ongoing projects); new irrigalion projects in additional 54.700 ha. water developmeni for non-agriculture projects 239 Mm' (Induslry. domeslic, livestock) measures Residual Impacts S No. Environmental Potential impacts Rating of Impacts Measure to Custain Mllgation impacts or benefits parameter (scopel magnitudel directioni durationl neutral or positive Impacts for negativa ______.______.___ reversibilityl 45 Food lor work proqram No impact 46 Land lenure (land holding) Changes from dryfand lo irngated agriculture Basin wide/ low/ neutrall long-lerml/rreversible

47 SeltiemenI palern Mrgration from olher areas. increase in Basin wide/ medium/ positivel irmeversible populalion densily 48 Ouallty of life Improvement in socio-econrromy:increase in Basin widel high/ positive/ long-terml irreversible Intrastructure developmenl literacy rale, increase In per capita income such as roads, markets. credit

______~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&inpul lacilities 49 Gender equity Improvemenl in Ihe staltusof women, Basin wide/ high/ positive/ long.lerm/ irreversible b increase in lileracy. more panricipalionin farminqand decision making 50 People parlicipalion In ali stages of projecl devehopment Basin widel hbah/positivel long-lemlreversible 5 Tourism Increase Locai/low/posilive/longlerm/irreversible 52 Hislorical siles Nol known ai this slage Require projecl specific ______~~~~~evalualion 53 NGO lncreased involvemenl Bashnwide/ medium/ neutral/ long-term/ reversible nelwork 54 Indbgenouspeopie Improvemenl in socio-ecomic status dí Locall bow Posilive/ long-term/reversible IWAM, O & M o( 1 & D ._... ______trí_ibais 5 Communitl Health 55 Diseases urban Reduced waler relaled discases due to Local/ low/ Positivel bong-lermvreversible beOterwater supply 56 9iseases: rural lncreased water borne diseases In projeci Lowtmedium/ nega/le/hing lermmreversible Ensure rural water supply areas. and sanitation: mnitoring of water qualily*

57 )iseases: iveslock _ Reduced diseases due lo better Local/ bow/positlve/ long-term/ irneversible _nourishment . __ Note 1) Scope: Local is wilhin 1 km ol lhe proposed developmenl activlty, basin-wide is wilhin lhe basin ilsel, regional is wilhin Rajasthan 2) Magnitude- High means >75%, medium Is belween 50-75%. low Is 25-50% and negligible Ih less lhan 25% 3>Direclion Nel posilive. negative or neutral impact 4) Duralion: ong-term is >10 years medium -term is 2-10 years. shorl lerm is <2 years 5) Reversibility: Reversible or iTeversib'e (positive or negaliveo Impacl lo the resource!population (within a projecled time - Irame of 15 years). 19921 * 6) Planned projerts woutd nol be irnplemenied within 25km of ecologrcally and olherwise sensilive areas (Source: Goel. ** 7)Paramelers requiring monitoring and denoled

April 30, 2000 SEA Final Repoar- Volume 3 Page 0.17 LEGEND Dbtriet Heod OuarLees.HMal, Pon(i Baundoràes: Stote. NOtrkt Rlwr g~tb_ - Canci. R"wr, Proaos.d Canal -'Scole 1:1,100,000 Sonctuavy. Ooed Are * Arfiablaleal Excavatlns/Mlmtrwical Sits * Tjuríit Sites. Reilghius Plorse 7tt"l Car.munity Major Camd Ar Exibth4. Propoaça 1 irrtgatlaw ProJxetr _ Mapor * à *

~~Nte Commond Ar«a frJ Prom~ Proje«te hog b.. mwrtwd btx on the gqvenCCA in SWP 1998~~

~~) \ ~~~~~~CHITTAURGARH~~

~~GUJARA~~

~~TAHAL (1998). MAP *RP2 Map Dl a Mahi Basin Development~~

~~SEA: -ncil Report-Voiume 3 Page D.18 April 30. 2000 SCALE: 1,000,000 BANAS BASIN~~

~~OUDAIPUR. i~~

~~- - - - TORRIPSA>*u¶ENTS....i! - CALCIORTHIDS S t-;.ALEORTHIS^s [ -. > ' `91 . >^ `;\e RÀpIs_.S.AE | O ::A..~~

~~HAPLUSTLFS DITRiCT ORiDAR 23\ ______,|<.' _~~

* 1 1 ODA NGARPSAMRT D CTT OSSTC NED

~~23HLEGEND 2O,S _-__-_|TORRIPSAMMENTS CALCIORTISAEORTHD .--_*_*. STTEONDR~~

~~Map D2:SolU Types Key Map of MahiBasin Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Mahi Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page D.19 April 30, 2000 SCALE I 1 OOOt|Do LEGErJD~~

~~OUDAIPURi NS.zS xe ee u.lcd_, 5 ws~ «i~~

~~t~~~~~~~~ .r.ii . . ._. ._~~

~~1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .) S0ptS.,,-fXI.-...... ^~~

~~WterReore Plnnnfo MahBasrt °1 elbs _n SFA-Fii Rpr --Volijme3i PaeD2IDrl320 s SCALE 1 .1.000,000 7r C H I T T O R G A R H~~

~~,,UDAIPURoUDAIPSc>,-1 iv 6` D I S T R I C T7e~~

~~6? «%/ ` av ' A S'''' ' i `'A/iR 5'z=0 D~r'~~

~~ÍVAI i^ -4 > u k , .~~

~~UX >DA I P U R 1 S T R I C T~~

~~24',- 24 ,>+/\e,~~

~~2ra ______m_~~

~~DUNGARPURIm~~

~~i i at>>< ,r B~~~EA gS WAR Ag~~

~~i . .iaA tg ~~~~~MAH12 o ` ', Çg >> ~~~BANSRA ,\~~

LEGENO BOUNDARIES: STATE:DISTRICT 4 g S.E B~~~~~~~~~~ASIN AGROCLIMATICZONES IRRIGATIONDEMAND ZONES f MAINRIVER COURSES o DISTRICTHIEADOUARTERS Map D4: Agroclimatic Zones and Irrigation DemandZones in Mahi Basin

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Wster Resources Plannina for Mahi Basin LEGEND ti<5m.(bql).s Scole 1:1,100,000 05-20m.(bgl) L0-°20m.(bq>91~~

~~CHITTAURGARH~~

~~UDAIPUR`90 :~~

~~> A M ES: :-. z :/~~~PRDES~~

~~Graund Waj Rta~ DUNAtmePt.~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volumne 3 Poge D.22 April 30. 2000 e1m Scole 1:420,000 1- 2m ~z3-Sm s-lom > lorn~~

~~- -; w - z - \< CA~~~~~NSWRA~~

~~Source: Map D5.1 Mahi CommandDepth to Ground Water (Pre Monsoon 1996) G~~

~~SEA: Finol Report-Volume 3 Po D23 April 30, 2000 Di,trict Me.d Oa.s~~

~~MOI. Pond __ _-- Scole 1:1,100.000 Rise/Decline(in m)~~

~~+S to +7 +3 to +5 F-2Z O to +3 L:.:i O to -3 -3 to -5 -5 to -7 -7 to -10 >- 10~~

~~_N_ ~~~~~~CHITTAURGARH~~

~~~~~~~~_a _B 'Cag ,n _rn WXaterDet .Pr .M_.soo 198 & 1998)I~~

~~,~~~~~~~ et Pe oso MaA*ChnDiHYrudWtr A898~~

~~Ground Woter Deportment, COR, 1999 of Mahi Basin~~

SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Poge 0.24 Aprul 30, 2000 LEGEND District Heod Ouorters, Pond Boundories: Stote. District. River Bosin Scole 1:1.100.000 Conal. River, Proposed Canol _ Cotegory Stoge of Development

~~______S - Safe Less thon 70%~~

~~SC - Semi Criticol 70 - 90%~~

~~C - Criticol 90 - 100%~~

~~OE - Over Exploited Greotherthon 100%~~

~~\ ~~~CHITTAURGARH~~

~~P >) < ><1DE~~~~RADSH~~

~~GUJARAT tt~~

~~Map D7 * GroundWater Exploitationwithin Mahi Basin,1998 Source: GroundWoter Deportment. GOR.1999~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Poge D.25 April 30, 2000 SCALE:1 : 1.000.ODO~~

~~74| 4 L S >,mC H I T T O R G A R H~~

~~m vo>X , D I ~~~~~ST R I C T~~

~~4J0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*%~~

~~- - - S TATE DISTRICT - ~~~~~~1ASIN~~

~~í «>~~~~~~ KEY WELLS _-)iE WATERtABLECONTOURS (mabOnSL) , ~~~~~~~~~~~SALINIT< CONTOURSfEC uhs~~

~~^ _ - M RIVERDAIN COURSES l O DISTRICTHEADOUARTER~~

~~Map D8: Groundwater Leveis and Salinities in Mahi Basin Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Mahi Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page D.26 April 30, 2000 SCALE ' 1 : 01,000~~

~~740~~

~~oUDAlPUR 8D D I S T R I C T~~

~~.41~~

~~j 24 9l3i A _j\`_n`/" T '-1S't- 4~~

~~N9 lX3'A~~

~~2p~ ~ ~ ~ '~~

~~S~~~~~~ 74° ~ ~ ~ *7 ~ ~~~~~~~~~~O~~

~~LEGENDO BOUNDARIES:~~

~~----- ~~STATE:DISTRICT NIL GROUNDWATEROVERDRAFT N 12 R-TGROUNDWATER UNFiTFOR DRINKING~~

~~C ~~POTENTIALZONESAND NON-POTENTIAL ZONES «t HIGHGROUNDWATER SALINITY~~

~~HILLSAND HILLOCKS NL ARTIFICIALRECHARGE POSSIBLITES CMAIN RIVERCOURSES~~

~~Map D9: GroundwaterKey Mapof Mahi Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for MahiBasin LEGEND Dêstrict4ecd Ourters, HP1.POnd (~~

~~Stote. Dstric. fRher Bsi-Si Prte4 .T P~d Project~~

~~Form,t.ooéuame 1 9~~

~~Not..- Pvtfte & lsd b.. w. flOt o _,c ^_~~

~~CHITTAURGARH~~

~~D_ \R re A t:~~

~~(108) Map(orstAres> DI Pro tects dnarc as ritnet Pae~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page D.28 April 30. 2000 SECTIONE~~

~~BANAS BASIN EMP~~

~~BANASBASIN EMP TABLEOF CONTENTS~~

1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION ...... E.1 1.1 BasinFeatures ...... E.1 1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects ...... E.1 1.2.1 Plannedprojects ...... E.1 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activKties ...... E.1 1.2.3 Non-irrigation development projects ...... E.2 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW ...... E.5 2.1 PhysicalEnvironment ...... E.5 2.2 ChemicalEnvironment ...... E.7 2.3 BiologicalEnvironment ...... E.9 2.4 Socialand CulturalEnvironment ...... E.10 2.5 CommunityHealth Environment ...... E.10 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... E.10 3.1 General...... E.10 3.2 ImpactsSpecific to the BanasBasin ...... E.11 3.2.1 RWRCP...... E.11 3.2.2 Plannedprojects ...... E.11 4.0 MITIGATIONPLAN ...... E.11

LISTOF BOXES Box El: BanasBasin RWRCP (ha) ...... E.1 Box E2: MoralMajor Ir rigaProjecttion ...... E.2 Box E3: GaiwaMajor lrgation Project...... E.2 Box E4: JetpuraMedium Irrigation Project ...... E.3 Box E5: JhadolMinor Irriga Projecttion ...... E.4 Box E6: KaladehMinor Irngation Project ...... E.5 Box E7: LandUse (Mha) ...... E.6 Box E8: CroppingPattem and Crop Yields ...... E.6 Box E9: TypicalWater Quality in Lakes...... E.10 Box E10: Measureto SustainPositive lmpacts ...... E.11 Box El 1: M itigationM easures...... E.12

~~UST OFTABLES~~

TableE1.1: An Overviewof featuresof BanasBasin ...... E.13 TableEl.2: BanasBasin Water Development upto year 2015 ...... E.14 TableEl.3: SalhentFeatures of Existing,Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Projects in Banas Basin. E.15 TableEl.3.1: PlannedMajor lrrigation Projects in BanasBasin . E.15 TableEl.4: RajasthanWater Resources Consolidation Project PRFO and SAIFT Components for BanasBasin ...... E.16 TableE2.1: ExistingEnvironmental Condition within the BanasBasin ...... E.17 TableE3.1: BanasBasin EMP: lmpact Assessment Matrix for RWRCP...... E.19 TableE3.2: Bana3Basin EMP: lmpact Assessment Matrix for PlannedProjects ...... E21

~~SEA:Draft Final Report - Volume3 April30,2000 PageE. i LUSTOF MAPS~~

MapEl: BanasBasin Development ...... E.24 MapE2: SoilTypes Key Mapof BanasBasin ...... E25 MapE3: Geologicalkey Mapof Ba nasBasin ...... E.26 MapE4: Agro-ClimaticZones and IrrigationDemand Zones in BanasBasin ...... E.27 MapE5: GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon 1998) of BanasBasin ...... E28 MapE6: Changein GroundwaterDepth (Pre-Monsoon 1984 & 1998)of BanasBasin ...... E2 9 MapE7: GroundwaterExploitation within Banas Basin, 1998 ...... E.30 MapES: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinity in BanasBasin ...... E.31 Map E8.1: Salinityin Groundwaterof BanasBasin ...... E.32 Map E9: GroundwaterKey Mapof BanasBasin .E.33 MapEl0: ForestAreas and ProtectedAreas Relative to PlannedProjects in BanasBasin .E.34

~~SEA:Draft Final Repon - Volume3 April30,2000 PageE. ii SECTIONE BANASBASIN~~

~~1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION~~

~~1.1 BasinFeatures~~

TheBanas basin is the largestriver basin in Rajasthan,located in theeast-central part of the state.Total catchment area of the basinis 4.58Mha i.e. 13.4percent of the amaof state. Banasriver originates in the Khamnorhulis of the Aravalirange and flows along Its entire hengththrough Rajasthan. Banas is a majortributary of the riverChambal. The important tributariesof Banasriver are: Berach,Kothari, Khari, Dai, Mashi, Sohadara, Morei, Kalisil, andDheel. The basin covers parts of districtsof Alwar,Bhilwara, Bundi, Chditorgarh, Dausa, Jaipur,Pali, Rajsamand, Sawai Madhopur, Tonk and Udaipur. The basinis semi-ardwlth monsoonwith variable rainfall. An overview of the basin features is givenin Table El.1.

~~1.2 WaterDwevIopment Projects~~

~~I11 Plannedprojects~~

Thepresent and projected scenario of irrigation and non irrigation projects and water demand in the basinare summarizedin TableEl.2 and Map El. Theseinclude: 1259 exsng projectswith a CCAof 472,797ha; 23 on-goingprojects with CCA of 88,731ha; and56 plannedprojects likely to becommissioned by 2015, wlth a CCA of 94,404ha. The over-ali developmentis projected to increasefrom 472,797 ha to 655,932ha (Table E11.3). Twomajor irigation projects on Banasfiver, downstream of BisalpurDam, the Isardaand Kalakheraprojects (rabie E1.3.1). The Isarda project is plannedas a doublepurpose project to inigateand to supplementdrinking water to Jaipurcity ln additionto watersupply from Bisalpurdam and viliages and towns along 82 km longpressure pipe line from thedam to Jaipur'sHaziwala Headworks. Some 200 Mm3/yr is proposedto be reservedfor drinking. Kalakherais a lifliffigation project. 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP actvts

TheRWRCP components (PRFO and SAIFT) are aimed at rehabilitationand modemization of existingirrigation systems that havea low overallproject efflciency. The CCAof the proposedRWRCP projects is 118,886ha (BoxEI) locatedin eightdistricts: Dausa, Tonk, Chittorgarh,Bhiiwara, Sawai Madhopur, Rajsamand, Jaipur, and Udaipur (Map El andTable E1.4). BoxEl: Banas BasinRWRCP (ha)

* Twomajor projects 33,432 * Elevenmedium projects 63,046 * Twent minorprojecta 22,408

Salientfeatures of the existingMoral and Galwa major irrigationprojects are summarizedin Box E-2and Box E-3.At the time of thisstudy, proposais for onemedium and two minor projectswere prepared by the PPU.Information relating to the RWRCPcomponents for theseprojects namely, Jetpura medium irrigation project, and the Jhadol and Kaladeh minor irrígationprojects is presentedin Box E-4 to E-6 respectively.Proposais for the other projectswould have to beprepared upon World Bank approving the overail RWRCP. SEA:Draft Final Report - Volume3 April30,2000 PageE 1 1.2.3 Non- irrigation development projects

The SWP projected a significant growth in the annual water demands for domestic, industrial and livestock (Table El.2). The urban water demand is projected to increase by more than 66 percent in the next fifteen years, and the available waste water from urbanization is projected to be several times more than the present quantities.

~~Box E2: Moral Major Imgabon Project~~

1 Location Damon Moralriver in DausaDistrict 2 Yearof Construction 1952.The dum breachedin 1981and was reconstructedin 1983-84. 3 Livestorage capacity, Mm 4 70.7,estimated to havereduced to 68.7by 1995, as a resultof silt accumulation. 4 CCA,ha 19,227 5 Actualimgation area, ha 13,231 6 PresentProject Efflciency, % I8 7 Projectedlmgation Efficiency, % 50

~~Source:PPU; TAHAL and WAPCOS(1998), WRP for BanasBasin~~

~~Box E3: GalwaMajor IrrigationProject~~

1 Location Damon Galwariver in TonkDistrict 2 Yearof Construction 1960-61 3 Livestorage capacity, Mm 4 47.3,estimated to havereduced to 46.26by 1995.as a resultof silt accumulatlon. 4 CCA,ha 14,155 5 Actualimgated area 6,758 6 PresentProject Efficiency, % 15 7 Projectedlmgation Efficiency, % 50

~~Source:PPU; TAHAL and WAPCOS(1998),WRP for BanasBasin~~

~~SEA: Draft Final Report- Volume3 Apnl 30,2000 Page E. 2 X ~~~~BoxE4: Jietpura Medium Irrigation Project~~

Location Damon Unliriver in BhilwaraDistrict. Main canal,\ off takingfrom rght flank of dam. 2 Yearof Construction 1978-79 3 Livestorage capacity, Mm3 17.45 4 CCA,ha 3,730 5 Actualirrigation area, ha 2,120 6 lrIgation lntensity,% 57 7 PresentProject Efficiency, % 30 8 Projectedlmgation EffIciency, % 50 9 Villageslbeneficiaries 21 viliagesand 1.865beneficiaries. 10 Rehabilitationand modemization * Strengtheningof canalbanks * Raisingof main canallining a Lining * Upgradationof existingcanal structures. * Watermeasuring structures * Constructionof VRBand Cross Drainagework * Repairof serviceroads * Drainagein 1,243hain the CCA 11 ProposedWater User Associataon 6 12 Problemsperceived by farmers * Damagedcanal section and reducedwater supply * Raisingof canallevel in somereach required * Delayedwater supply . Waterdoes not reachtail endvillages . Ali brmers do not take waterdunng nights * ln taíl end viliages,water is suppliedduring night. * Uning,repair of falis, newbridges required . Outietsnot providedín somearcas . Small see of outlets • Waterovertops the minorin somelength • Unauthorizedoutlets should be removed * No drainsin someplaces Source:PPU, 1999

~~SEA: Draft Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page E. 3 / ~~~~~~BoxE5:Jhadol MinorInrigation Project\~~

1 Location Damon localstream in Bhilwaradistnct, RMC & LMCtake off. 2 Yearof Construction 1980 3 Live storagecapacity, Mm' 9.27 4 CCA,ha 1,905 5 Actual irrigationarea, ha 1,333 6 lmgationIntensity, % 70 7 PresentPro)ect Efficiency, % .1 8 Projectedlmgation Effiacency. % 50 9 Viliagesibeneficianes 11Villages, 1,279 Frmners 10 Rehabilitationand modemization * Strengtheningof canalsections and distributionsystem * Lining * Upgradationof existingcanal structures * Watermeasunng structures * Repairof serviceroads * Removalof unauthorizedoutiets and remodelingof existing outets * Constructionof falis on minors * Remoldingof canaissection and increasetheir capacity 11 ProposedWater User Association One 12 Problemsperceived by farmers * Wateris saline,affecting quality of yield. . Lossof waterdue to seepagebecause of lack of repairand maintenance& lining * Waternot reachingtail endviliages * Watercourses not propeflydug * Unauthorizedoutiets. Reduction in outietswill enabletail en reachesto get water * Seepageand waterloggingfrom Birdholminor. * No properservice roads along canais

~~< ~~~~~~~Source:PPU,1999/~~

~~SEA: Draft Final Report- Volume 3 April 30,2000 Page E. 4 / ~~~~~BoxEIS:Kaladeh Minor Irrigation Project .\~~

/1Location Damon localstream in Chftorgarhdistrict. Main\ canaltake off from rightfiank. 2 Yearof Construction 1966 3 Livestorage capacity, Mm 4 1.53 4 CCA,ha 297 5 Actualimgation area, ha 208 6 lrrigationIntensity, % 70 7 PresentProject Efficiency, % 18 8 Projectedlrrigation Efflciency, % 50 9 Villages/beneficiaries 6 Viliagesand 213 Farmers 10 Rehabilitationand modemization * Strengthening(repair, improvement, remodeling and renovation)of canaland minors. * Lining * Upgradationof existingcanal structures, pick upweir * Watermeasunng structures a Constructionof leveicrossing on maincanal * Renovation/constructionof water courses in vuínerable reachesand foxing of outlets. * Repairof serviceroads. 11 ProposedWater Users Association One 12 Problemsperceived by farmers * No.of outietsis less * Highseepage losses * Tail endfarmers always get lesswater * Dam,pick-up weir and minorsrequire immediate repair andmodifications. * Wateroverflows and goeswaste in somereaches * Farmersof dominantcastes stop water for farmersof oth outietsresulting in groupconflicts. * Inadequatecanal water supply o* llegal lift of water * Largenumber of farmersdo not paywater charge \ ~~~~~~Source:PPU,1999_/

~~2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASEUNE OVERVIEW~~

~~The existing environmentalconditions within the Banas basin are summarized in Table E2.1. These are bnefly discussedbelow.~~

~~2.1 Physical Environment~~

Demography: According to the 1991 census, the population of lhe basin was 9.35 million (rural -76 percent). The projected1999 populationis 10.57 million. The forecast for the year 2015 is 15.55 million, an increaseof about 60 percent.

Soils: The soils of the basin have predominance of the soil group Haplustalfs(Tonk, Chittorgarh, Bhilwara, and Rajsamand districts). Other major soil groups are Torripsamments and Ustochrep's. Cosiderable arca is occupied by hilis and hillocks (Rajsamand, Chittorgarh, and Sawai Madhopur) (Map E2). The soils derved from alluvium occur to depths ranging from 50 to 150 cm. They are grayish brownto dark gray and medium textured (loam to silt loam) to fine textured (silt clay to clay).

SEA: Draft Final Report - Volume 3 April 30. 2000 Page E. 5 Geology: Most of the basin is underlain by hard rock aquifers which do not have large groundwater storage and well yieids. Main rock types are phyllite, siate, schist, quartzite, gneisses, granite, marbie, limestone, shale, and basalt. Alluvial aquifers exist mainly in major parts of Jaipur district and parts of and Dausa distnt.(Map E3).

Land Forms: The westem part of the basin is marked by hilly terrain belonging to the Aravali chain. East of the hilis lies an aliuvial plain with a gentie eastward siope. Extensive dune fields cover Jaipur and surrounding areas as well as parts of Ajmer and Dausa districts. The dunes are normally aligned E-W and NE-SW, and impart a hummock appearance to the topography.

Land Use: Out of total land area of 4.58 Mha, an arma of 1.77 Mha (39 peroent) is considered suitable for imgation. Of this area, some 0.472 Mha or 27 percent, are under the existing inigation projects. A broad breakdown of land use cropping pattem and yield of major crops is given in Box E7 and E8.

~~Box E7: Land Use (Mha)~~

~~• Kharif 0.28 • Rabi 0.51 * DoubleCropped 0.48 * Fallow 0.50 .*v Total 1.77~~

lrrigation Growth: Upon completion of ongoing projects and implementation of planned projects, the total CCA in this basin would increase from 0.472 Mha to about 0.656 Mha. The area outside the CCA with groundwater for irrígation is estimated as 0.727 Mha, which is projected to reduce to 0.626 Mha by thle year 2015 due to growth of groundwater utilization by higher priority sectors.

~~Box EIS:Cropping Pattem and CropYieIds~~

~~Crop/Season %Cropped Yield (tlha> Kharif Maize 22 1.00 Jowar 13 0.50 Pulses 11 0.40 Bajra 19 0.60 Others 35 Rabi Wheat 34 2.50 Mustard 27 0.90 Gram 15 1.00 Barley S 1.90 MOthers 19~~

~~System rehabilitation and modemization activities of RWRCP could result in changes in the cropping pattem and a general increase in yields.~~

Climate: The mean annual rainfall over the basin is 541 mm of which about 95 % occurs dunng the monsoon months, June to September. On an average, here are 45 rainy days (days with rain of 2.5 mm or more). Average annual relative daily humididyranges from 64.7 to 48.7%. Mean wmndvelocity is highest in June( 11.7 kmlhr) and lowest in November (3.8 kmlhr) SEA: Draft Final Report - Volume 3 April 30,2000 Page E. 6 ClimaticZones: The basinis coveredby the foilowingfour agro-climaticzones (Map E4):

~~o Zone 1I1A: Semi-ardeastem plain; * Zone lii B: Floodprone eastem plain; * Zone IVA: Sub-humidsouthem plain & Aravallihilis; and, * Zone V: Humidsouth eastem plain~~

Reservoirs:There are 7 major on-streamexisting reservoirs (Chapparwara, Galwa, Kalakh Sagar,Meja, Morel, Rajsamand, and tordiSagar), and 2 on-goingmajor reservoirs (Bisalpur and Gosunda)for irrigationdevelopment. The total live storageof the existingand on-going reservoirsis 425 and995 Mm3, respectively.

River WaterQuantity: The total naturalyield of BanasRiver Basinat the river s confluence with Banaswas computed as 4837 Mm3 (TAHAL,1988). The estimatedflows are 2789 Mm3/yearand 4040 Mm 3/yearat 75%and 50% excedence probability.

BisalpurDam is for meeting drinkingand irrgation demands. About 458 Mm3 Iyr of wateris reservedto supplydrinking water for Ajmer,Kishangarh, Beawar, Jaipur and several villages enrouteto thesetowns. About35 Mm3 /yr of water from 30 existingirrigation projects is reservedfor domesticconsumption in Bhilwara,Rajsamand, Tonk and UdaipurDistricts.

GroundwaterTable: The pre-monsoon1998 water table in the basinwas mostily 5 to 20 m bgl (MapES). In about3 percentof the area(142,000 ha), mostlyin Ajmerdistrict, the water table was within5 m bgl (GWD, 1998).Changes in groundwaterdepth during 1984 - 1998 (MapE6) indicatedwatertable decline in Jaipur,Sawai Madhopur, Bhilwara and Chittorgarh districts.Jaipur is in the overexploitation stage of groundwaterdevelopment (Map E7).

Water Use: The water use in the year 1995 andwater demandprojections upto 2015are givenin TableEl.1 andEl.2. Thetotal wateruse of 3807Mm 3/yr during1995 is projectedto rise to 4976Mm 31yrby the year 2015.The non-irrigationdemand is about19% of the total demand.

Presently,the basin also importswater from Sabarmatibasin (3 Mm3/y,j and Banganga basin(38 Mm31yr)and exports to Lunibasin (37 Mm3tyr). Waterreleases of about59 Mm3/yr water of RamgarhDam in BangangaRiver Basin have been reserved for domestic consumptionin Jaipur city. As well, releasesof about60 Mm3/yr from Matrikundiareservoir havebeen reserved for industrialpurpose.

Sedimentation:TAHAL (1998) estimated siltation rates on the basisof data from existing reservoirsin the basin,as well as informationon silt load observationat river gaugingsites, maintainedby CWCand ID. lt is assumedthat 55%of the incomingsilt is in the live storage and 45% in the dead storage.The silt loadfor Banasbasin is reportedas 137 m3/km2lyear. The reductionin the live storageover the yearsis estimatedto be lessthan onepercent per year of silt depositin the reservoirs.As the iffigationdams are designedfor 100 year life expectancy,the silt load in the basinis not cons,deredsignificant..

~~2.2 Chemical Environment~~

River Water Quality: The 1993-94data on waterquality of Banasriver at Nagriabridge at Deoli (in Tonk district)showed the followingrange of concentrations(mgiI): TDS 650-250; COD 32-40;BOD 1-5; and DO 4-9. The 1999data showedCOD, BOD & DO (mgIi)as 28, 1.3 and4.4 respecdively.The riverwater is ft for irrigationpurposes and, with treatmentand disinfection,for domesticuse.

Accordingto the CPCBbiological critera for waterquaiity dassificationof rivers (Annexure 4.3, Vol. 2), the Banasriver is ciassified undercategory A (clean)in some reach uls of its SEA: Draft Final Report- Volume3 April 30, 2000 Page E. 7 confluencewith Chambal,and dass C its in upperreaches. Its tributaryGambhiri is classified under ClassC (moderatelypolluted), and the tributary Berach is classifiedunder ClassE (severelypolluted) (Figure 4.3, Volume2)

Groundwater Quality: Groundwateris used for irrigationand non-irrigationpurposes. The EC rangesfrom 0.5 to 1.5 (dSlm) exceptsome placeshave EC 8-16 (Map E8 and E8.1). Groundwaterin 49 % area of the basinis assessedby PHED as generallyunsuitable for drinking (Map E9). Fluorideproblem exists in north-centralpart of the basin, particularly Gonerarea in Jaipurdistrict. Groundwaterquality assessmentin and aroundSanganer town and Jaipurcity is impactedby industrialpollution from 105small scale,25 mediumscale and 5 large scale textile industries SPCB (1997) indicated that the groundwaterquality deterioratedtowards east, south east,and east of Sanganerarea . Out of 73 samples,the EC of 40%samples, was within 1 dS/m. Similarlygroundwater quality in industrialareas around Bhilwaraand Udaipurmonitored during 1996-98 showed higher than normal concentrations perrnissiblefor drinkingand even irrigationpurposes.

Soil Salinity, Sodicity and Soil Quality: The GOR Departmentof Agriculture (1969) estimatedan areaof 225,600ha as salt affectedunder irngation. Department of Scienceand Technology,GOR (Resource- Atlas of Rajasthan,1994), based on data collected by NationalRemote Sensing Agency, GOI, reportedan areaof 73,000ha affectedby salinity and alkalinity.Most of the salt affectedarea is concentratedin Ajmer, Bhilwara,Chlttaurgarh andJaipur distnicts.

The soil degradationdue to sustainedremoval of nutrientsassociated with more intensive cropping,inadequate use of organicmatter and inapproprateuse of fertilizerspalticularly in irrigatedareas was observedin someparts of the basin.Discussions with soil scientistsand agronomistsfrom AgricultureDepartrnent and RajasthanAgricultura] University indicated: zinc deficiencyin areasunder paddy-wheat farming, nitrogenand phosphorous deficiency in general.The soils of Jaipur and DausaDistricts were low in nitrogenand mediumlevei in phosphorus.Potash status showed a decliningtrend of potash from high to medium; decreasingtrend in the deficiencyof iron, manganeseand copper;and, increasedsalinity and alkalinity.During 1996-98,the averagegrain yield of irrigatedcrops such as wheat, gram,and mustardwere 20 to 80 percenthigher than non-irigatedcrops .

Pollution Sources: Industrialeffiuent, municipalwaste includingsewage effluent, over use of fertilizers and pesticidesare the major sources of pollution. Banas basin is rich in industriesdyeing, printing and textile industries.There are a numberof chemicalindustries particularlyaround Udaipur. ln ali, thereare more than 80 industrialarmas set up by RIICO (1998)in variousdistricts in the basin,including 36 in Jaipur and 16 in Ajmer district. The locationsof the primeindustrial areas in the basinare shownin Map.4.10,Volume 2.

The major industriesare reportedto have independentEffluent Treatment Plant (ETP).The SPCBensures that the industriescomply with the effiuenttreatment standards. The industrial dusters in Bhilwara,Udaipur, and Jaipur (Sanganerand Bagru) are consideredpotential industrialhot spots .

Sanganer Industrial Complex: A preliminary assessmentsof Industrial effiuents at Sanganertown nearJaipur undertakenby SPCB ( 199B)are indicativeof the type, scale, extent,nature and concentrationsthat are likely to be dischargedin to the nearbystreams, nallasor opendrains, and in the areasof ephemeralstreams resufting in significant pollution loadingto the groundwateraquifers within the respectiveareas.

At Sanganerindustrial complex, about 105 small scale, 25 mediumscale, and 5 largescale textile industriesare being operated. The area is covered by agricultural land where agricultureand animal husbandryare the twin operations. The industriesproduce large quantitiesof raw or untreatedwaste water whichis dischargedon land havingill-established streams(less than one streamper square km) findingtheir way into the nearbylarge open drain or nalla. Most of the groundwaterstructures in the area consistof shallowto deep SEA: Draft Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page E. 8 tube-welis and hand pumps. Groundwatersupplies in several villages in the vicinity are not suitable for human consumptionwithout proper treatment. The various parameterssuch as TDS, hardness, BOD, COD, Chioride, flouride, suiphate, and trace metais Nickel, zinc and iron are in excess of the permissiblevalues

Data from ETP of medium scale textile industries near Bhilwara indicated that the treated effiuent concentrationwith respect to pH, BOD, COD, TSS and oil and grease were within perrnissiblelimits (Annexure4.1 1, Volume 2)

Except Jaipur-northzone, none of the cities and towns have seweragesystems and sewage treatment Plants. The efficdencyof Jaipur STP is very low. The urban domestíc and sewage effluent generated from major cties such as Udaipur, Bhilwara, Jaipur, Tonk, Chflttorgaiti, Gangapur, Sawai Madhopur and other towns is discharged in local streams, lakes or depressions. The reclaimable urban sewage water dunng 1995 is estimated to be 11 Mm31year. It is planned to install sewage treatment plant under ADB Project ( Map 4.11, Volume 2) in next 4-5 years at Jaipur-southzone, Ajmer and Udaipur.

Fertilizer Use: During the period 1991-98,there has been a significant increase in the use of fertilizers (75% increase in N, 12% increase in P) in Rajasthan. The general perception has been that at the present level of management practices the farmers tend to use more fertilizer under irrigated agriulture than required by the crops.

The average annual fertilizer use in the total croppedarca (irrigated and unirrigated) during 1997-98 (in the form of nutrients,kg/ha) in different districts ln the basin (Map 4.12, Vol. 2) was 24 to 68 kglha. Assumingthat fanners apply fertlizer only in irrigated arcas, the average rate of applicationwould be minimum in Tonk (77 kglha) and maximum in Chittorgarh (184 kglha). Discussions with State Agricufture Department and RAU indicated that for the prevailing cropping pattem up to 200 kglha of fertilizer use (in the form of nutrients)annually is consideredsafe and would not have adverse residualimpacts.

Pesticide Use: The pesticide consumption in the basin during 1997-98 (as per TGM) has been in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 kglha of croppedarea (Map 4.13, Volume 2). The appUlcation rates in Ajmer (0.37 kglha) and Dausa (0.35 kglha) districts were the highest.The average use of pesticides in the basin is 0.23 kg/ha.

Water quality from Banas river being monitored by SPCB does not include the pesticide parameters.Also, the limited studies conductedat RAU ResearchStation Durgapura(Jaipur) showed negative residual impact of pesticide use on vegetabtes. As such, water quality monitoring of agricultural runoff with regard to pestiride concentrationis needed.

~~2.3 Biological Environment~~

Biodiversity and Conservation Amas: The basin is rich in plant diversity. Major conservation areas are: RanthambhoreNational Park; six sanctuaries(Kumbhalgarh, Sawai Mansingh wild life, Toògarh Raoli, Jamva Ramgarhi,Nahargarh and Sajangarh); and, three ciosed areas (Manal, Ranipura and Baghdarah).

~~Forest Ama: The basin has a forest area of 5,88,400 ha under different categories (reserved,protected and undlassified) which is 13%of the total catchment area of the basin.~~

None of the planned projects appearto be in the ciose vicinity of forests (Map El0). ln the event that projects proposed were to be located within 10 krm of the boundary of reserved forests ar a designated ecologically sensitive arma, or within 25 km of the boundary of National park or sanctuary, they will require environmental dearance from the Central Govemment. Hence, location of any project lying in the vicinity of the forest land, sanctuary, national park should observe the legal requirements.

SEA: Draft Final Report - Volume 3 Apnl 30, 2000 Page E. 9 Lakes: There are 5 important lakes in the basin: Udaisagar, Fatehsagar, Pichola, Swaroopsagarand Rajsamand.The first three are within a radius of about 30 km of Udaipur town.Typical water quaiity in the lakes is s -nmarized in Box E-9.The Udaipurlakes receive large amountof sewagewater (andgarbacr trom the city whichcontributes to the pollution of the lakes. ln general,the lakes are cõ,csaminatedat varying leveis dependingupon the time of the yearand specific location of waterwithdrawais from the lakes.

~~Box E-9:Typical Water Quaiity in Lakes~~

~~Parameter Pichola Lake UdaisagarLake DO 4.5-4.6 3.9-4.0 BOD 2.4-1.7 6.2-3.3 TDS 330-308 713-855~~

~~2.4 Socialand Cultural Environment~~

Nine percentof the state populationis in Banas basin,76 percentin rural areas and 24 percentin urbanareas. There are 32 percentscheduied cast and scheduiedtribes in the basinas against30 percentat the state level. The basinhas 7,929 viliagesand 42 towns and cities.The populationdensity is 192persons per sq.kmas against129 per sq.kmfor the state.Average land holdingis 2.4 ha againstthe slateaverage of 3.96ha .

An averageof 34 percent familiesare below povertyline as against31 percentat state levei. The total literacyrate is 38 percent.The birthand death ratesin the basinare 3 and 2 per 1000in ruraland urbanareas, respectiveiywhich are similarto the state levei. There are 924 women per 1000 men. The mean age at marriageis 15 years, which is an impedimentto educationand developmentof women.The fertiliHyrate is 6 childrenper womenas against4.7 at statelevel. The femaleIteracy rate is 20 percentwhich is similarto lhe stateaverage. 4761 cooperative societies, and 107NGOs are withinthe basin.There are no tribaisin the basin.

~~2.5 CommunityHealth Environment~~

The water borne diseases such as malaria, typhoid, amoebiosis, gastroenteritis, jaundicelhepatitisare commonin the basin, Largenumber of casesare reportedannually. During1997- 9 casesper 1000persons reported for malaria,17 for gastroenterritesand 16 for amoebiosis(diarrhoea). About 21 percentof the total casesof maianaand 27% casesof amoebiosisin the statewere from this basin.

The existingcommunity health problems irnigatedin areas are sketchy.Further data will have to be collectedfrom existingpublic health centresand medical facilitiesin the rural areasto furtheraddress the problemof waterbom diseasesin the basin. 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

~~3.1 General~~

A discussionon impactidentification, methodology and guidelinesfor predictionof impacts, typical examplesfor lhe RWRCPand plannedprojects is containedin the SEA Report (Volume2). For the Banas3asin, the impact assessmentmatrx for RWRCP projectsand plannedprojects are given in TabiesE3.1 and E3.2,respectively.

~~SEA: Draft Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page E. 10 3.2 lmpacts Specific to the Banas Basin~~

~~31 RWRCP~~

Although, mostly positive, there would be a concem on possible reduction in groundwater recharge due to rehabilitation and modemization of irrigation systems, particularly in the areas where presently water table is declíning, for example in the Sawai Madhopur, Chittorgarh and Rajsamanddistricts.

~~3.2.2 Planned projects~~

* Most of the planned projects appearto be in areas in which grmundwaterexploitation is within safe limits. New irigation in such arcas will provide an environmentconductive to increased recharge. The impacis will be two fold: a reduction in pumping depths for domesticdemand in over exploitedareas in the lift inigation schemesand, an increase in waterlogging conditions in shallow water table areas. ln both cases, the conditions promote the need for judicious integratedsurface and groundwatermanagement. • The new irigated CCA requires careful planning, considenngthe vast bio-diverzityin the forest and protectedarmas.

~~4.0 MMGATIONPLAN~~

The mitigation measuresmainly pertain to: the efficient use of surface water; conjunctiveuse of surface and groundwater, adequate drainage; management practices for agriculture inputs such as INM & IPM; regular maintenanceof 1 & D systems; involvement of WUA in the distribution,management and maintenanceof canais; and, industrial and municipal waste water effluent treatment before discharge into rivers or spread on-land surface or use for Irrigation.

Water quality monitoring, analysis and enforcement of legal requirementsto maintain the eftluent quality from industries, domestic sewage and agricultural activities should be ensured by the suggestedagencies (Chapter 11, Volume 2).

~~Box E1O:Measures to Susain PositiveImpacis~~

RWRCP Planned Projects * O&Mof I&Dnetwork o IWAM * IWAM * O&Mof l&D network * OFD * Newdrainage network • Groundwatermanagement a OFD * INM,IPM,weed control o Groundwatermanagement • Effiuenttreatment o WUAformatbon . Provisionof dramnage * WaterPncing • Infrastructuredevelopment such as roads, o INM,IPM, weed control training marketsand credit& inputfacilities o Avoidanceot locatingprojects near • 100%membership in WUA ecologicalsensitive areas . Farm'ers/NGOtraining o lnfrastructuredevelopment such as roads \; Watersupply and sanitation marketsand credit & inputfacilties

~~SEA: Draft Final Report- Volume3 April30, 2000 PageE. 11 Box E11:Mitigation Measures~~

RWRCP PlannedProject Groundwatermanagement (control of over * IWAM exploitationof GW) * OFD * AgnculturalDrainage * Maintainin-strearn flow requirements * O0M of 18Dnetwork * INM,IPM, weed control * Effluenttreatment * Watersupply & sanitation * CommunityHealth

~~A discussionfor eachof the measuresis includedin the SEAReport Volume 2.~~

~~SEA:Draft Final Report- Volume3 April 30, 2000 Page E. 12 Tablo E1.1:1An Overview of Featurosof Banas Basin~~

S.No. BasinFeatures Valus Inirifn . Sourc 1 Catchmentarca within Ra;asthan 4.58Mha Tahal 2 Dlstrcts Are Km2 %of Bain Arma Aimer 5,520 12.0 Tahal Bhilwara 9,157 20.0 Bundi 99 02 Chittorgarh 5,600 12.2 Dausa 1120 2.4 Jaípur 6.246113.6 Raisamand 4,343 9.5 SawaiMadhopur 4,828 10.5 Tonk ,636- 14.5 Udaipur 2.282 5.5 3 Pouubtbon(MIlion T 1991 1995 2005 2015 Rurais 6.3 6.8 8.3 9.6 Ta Cities 2.1 2.4 3.1 3.7 Towns 0.t 1.1 1.6 2.2 Total 8.5 10.3 13.0 15.6 4 Totalculturablo arma (Mha) 2.18 3thPlan Avoruqehigiatod ama (Mha) 0.83 5 Tota nan arwual5utac. W~r pooal IMrn'/yr) 3.451 OlhPbn U lized(Mrn9vr) 1.875 Taml * % Uid 54 6 TotalGroundwater annual rZ (Mm) 2.700 GWD,GOR * Utihzed_~ _) 1903 * % Ufilized 70 7 Toal CCA lha) _ ExistinQProiects 472797 Tahal OngoingProjects 88,731 Prowsed Pm:ects 94404 Total 5 a 5 8 Ar-a lrmated usinpGroundwater lha) Existin_ 789.740Vital StatOsbcs * theoln voar 2015

Note: Thevalues have been rompiled fran vanris sourcesand adoptd, wi~ bestjudgeonit for thisSEA study. Thereforo thoso values may not be approçna for designingdoveooeont woucs(bot RWRCPand planned profects) within and outide the raspocuv CCAs.

~~SEAFinal Report - Volume3 April30.2000 PageE. 13 Table E11.2:ganas Basln Water Developmenitupto year 2015~~

Water Developmnent lrr!gatlon Rebabllltatlon Non-irrlGafion Other Water Pr I c Projecte ___ Prolecis ______Pratada Rulnfrd Watershed"" Evaporatlon ____ Bsl,V's WR WR OFD OFD RWRCP Domestlc ILlvestock Industrtal Agriculture<'" Dev. & Soul ponde SW GW_____ Transter wlth PRO Urban Rural Thermal Olher Conser-vatlonl stagnant Command Non ImpotO,< SSD SAiFT power water 4 comnmand ______Bodies< >

~~Prasent development Area (Mha) 0-O473 0.063 O.727 ______1.301 0.017 - 3 Waler use~Mm Iyr 2,296 195 2.248 414 - - 315 140 19C 1 --~~

~~Expanslon upto 2015 Area (Mhal o0183 009 0.10 ___ - __ 0.08. -0.183 0.15 Wateruse: Mm3lyç 1,4571 -27 -31( +87 -- 236 83 28 90~~

~~Year 2015cumulativo Area(Mha) a0656 0.055 0.82 ___ 0.08 - - - 1.11 0.167 3 projecilons Water use: Mm/yr 3.751 16 ~ 198 101 -- 821 203 218 g 2 ------~~

1 Import Irom Sabarmaliand Bangangaand exportlo Luni.lrrtgated area by lmportedwater Is lnctudedunder wilhln bastnwater, 2 Rainfedagricultura is assumedas total area suitabtefor ~iniato minus lhe Canal CommandArca. 3 WalershedOevetopment Program Constttutoupto 30%irrlgaled ares wlth lhieinividual bloc (Panchay9l Samiti) tn lhe lXlh Ptan.Present developmenl is for 1998-98.Projltons based on 10,001)halyr. 4. Lakes al Udalpur(Pichola. Faíchsagar, Udaisagar) and Jalpur (Ramgarh)

Sources: 1) TAHALA WAPCOS, 1998. WaterResources Ptsnnlng for Banas River Basln 2) GroundWater Department.GOR. 1999,Ground WaterResources oi RajasthanIrrlgatlon Potenlialas on January 1998 3) WaiershcdOevelopment and SaNConsenvatlon Deparíment. Jaupur 4) Olrecloraleof Agricultura.Rajasthan. 1998. Vital AgriculturaSialístics. 1997-98

Note- lhe values havebeen compitedfrom varlous sourcesand adopted. Atihbest judgementfor lhIs SEAstudy. Thereforelhese valuesmnay nol be appropriatefof desIgning developmnentworks (bolh RWRCPand piannedprojects) wtthln and outsidelhe respecliveCCAs.

~~SEAFinal Report- Volurne3 PaeE 4APril 30, 2000 Table E1.3: Salient Features of Exísting, Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Projects in Banas Basin~~

Status Status CiassClass ProjectsNo.of FreeCatchmentArea, LiveCapacíty, Storage CACCA km2 Mm3 ha Existing Major 7 6,133 425 99,376 Medium 33 11,337 816 161,460 Minor 1219 16,496 1,055 211,961 Subtotal 1259 33,965 2.296 472.797 Ongoing Major 2 10,524 995 79,290 Medium 1 259 12 2,080 Minor 20 281 54 7,361 _ Subtotal 23 11,064 1,061 88.731 Proposed Major 2 _ 444 65,645 Medium 4 1,145 63 16,387 Minor 50 55 57 12,372 Subtotal 56 1,199 564 94,404

Basin total _ __ 46,269 3.921 655,932 CCA:Cultural Command Area Major:CCA > 10,000ha Medium:CCA 2,000 - 10,000ha Minor:CCA < 2.000ha Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. Water Resources Planning for BanasRiver Basin

~~Table El.3.1: Planned Major Irrigation Projects in Banas Basin.~~

Catchment Uve Storage Project River/Tributary arka Capacity CCA 2 ______km Mm 3 hia Isarda Banas 0 240 22,460 KalaKhera Banas O 204 43.185 CCA: CulturalCommand Area Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. Water Resources Planning for BanasRiver Basin

~~SEA:FinalReport - Volume3 April 30,2000 PageE.15 TableEl.4: RajasthanWater ResourcesConsolidation Project PRFOand SAIFT Componentsfor BanasBasin.~~

~~Yea'rof Culturable S.No. Nameof Project Distrisct Completion Commandarea (ha)~~

Maior Project 1 MoreiImgation Project Dausa 19,277 2 GalwaImgaffon Project [Tonk 1960 14,155 Sub Total 33,432 Medium Proj ct 1 Gambhiri Chittorgarh 1959 9,792 2 Orai Chittorgarh 1967 9.260 3 Jetpura- Bhilwara 1979 3,730 4 NaharSagar Bhiiwara 1909 4,775 5 UmmedSagar Bhilwara 1917 3,379 6 Dheel SawaiMadhopur 1911 5,995 7 Surwal SawaiMadhopur 1954 4,130 8 NandSamand Raiasmand 1957 7,881 9 MataJi Ka Khera Ra;asmand 1958 3,057 10 Mashi Tonk 1960 6.974 11 Khard Jaipur 1877 4,073 Sub Total 63,046 Minor Project 1 Deopura SawaiMadhopur 1981 1,784 2 Chandpura SawaiMadhopur 1.016 3 Chandrana Dausa 1871 2.004 4 Chittoli Jaipur 1950 680 5 Mansagar Jaipur 1871 731 6 _ Moti Sagar Tonk 1955 2.157 7 Kundeli Raiasmand _ 1,079 8 Somepick up weir Udaipur 1959 968 9 SukherKa Naka Udaipur 1983 486 10 BaxaKa Naka Udaipur 1983 441 11 Anwasa Bhiiwara 1971 583 12 B.K.Sareri Bhilwara 526 13 Jhadol* Bhiiwara 1980 1.787 14 Guwardi Bhulwara 1.104 15 Mandal Bhilwara 1905 1.700

16 KaJadeh- Chittorgarh _ _ 429 17 Banina Chittorgarh 321 18 Gadola Chittorgarh 1964 1.104 19 Banakia Chittorgarh 1.655 20 Gangana Chittorgarh 233 21 Govta Bhilwara 1966 1.620 Subtotal 22.408 TotalBasin 118,886 Projectproposal for modemizationprepared Source: ProjeciPreparation Unit

~~SEA:FinalReport - Volume3 April 30. 2000 PageE.16 Sheet 1 of 2~~

~~Table E2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions within the Banas Basin~~

Existing S.No. Environmental Baseline Information Conditions 1 Physical Demo_raphy(million) 1991-9.35,1999 - 10.57and 2015-15.55 Topography Westem pant-hillyterram belongmngto Aravali chain (850 to 1123m amsl),East of hilisalluvial plain (580 to 750m amsl) with gentie eastward sdope, extensive dune fields(parts o Jaipur.Aimer& Dausa;blown sands(alongríver courses& froe duma=r. Soil Major soil grouplustalts (Tonk, Chittorgarh, BNlwara & Rajasmand), 011wr souoil are:Torripsamments & Ustochrepts Geology Ranges from oldest Archaeansto recent age. Main rock types phyilate,siate, schist, quareite, oneiss. granite.marbbe. limestone.shale and basalt. Land Forms Rocky upland hilís, buned and barren pediments, and valley fill alluvial phin. Extensive dune field imoart hummocky appearance; 2 2 Land Use lmgableama 39% (17745 km). Land use (ama, km ) Kharnf- 27911,Rabi-5139,double cropped 4804. fallow-50111.Total:17745. 3 Water Distribution Inter ban transfer from Sabarmati & Banganga: 3 and 38 Mm in year 1995 and 63 and 3 3 3 Mm3 in year 2015, Transfer to Luni 37Mm In year 1995 and 71 Mm in year 2015. Spri- sets - 15645. sonnkierimaated arma 7800 ha. lmgatiomGrowth Existmngprogects: 7 major, 33 medium and 1219 minor On going pro~ec: 2 major. 1 medium and 20 minor Proposedpro : 2 mior 4 mediumand 50 mmnor. Ciopping Pattem Maor aopa (irgated and unsrngated) dunmg 19967; jwar 13%. Baa 19%, Maize 22% KhaeifPulses 11 %. Wheat 34%. Barby 5%, Gram 15%. Mustard 27% CUimate Basmnmean raifal-Si41mm,rainy days-45. Relative hurnidity: mornng 64.7%, .vening 48.7%. ______meanwmnd-7 km/hr. Reservoirs 7 maior on-streamreservoirs, Total líve storaae 2296 Mm' River Water Quantity Annual basin yreldat the nvets confluencewvth Chambal River at 50% exceedenceptobaoil 3 .______4040 Mm Drain water Ouanttv Seeoaoelosses from canal systemabout 30% of canal supplmes. Groundwatertable Pre monsoonSWL (1997-98)<5 m bql: 142,000ha, in other armas5 to 20m bql. 2 Sedimentation 137m51kmtvr (Bamoda streamgauoino site) 2 Chemical River Water Quality At Tonk (rnqll): TDS 650-250.COD32-40.BOD 1-5.DO 4-9. Reservoirwater auaJity - GroundwaterOuality EC-0.5 to 1.5 dSIm except some armaswith EC 8-16. GW in 49% ama unsuítablefor dnmking. Fluonideproblem in nrthem-central pan of bashn.particulariy Goner in Jaipur. Soil Salimntv Maior salt affected armasin Airmer.Bhi"wara.Chittaurgarh and Jaipur. Arma225.600 ha Soil Sodiícty Includedin above given ara- Po%ntsource Pollution 80 industnalareas in the basmnJaipur. Udaipurand Bhihwaraare hot spots Diffuse source Polluton Sewage & waste disposal mn ramnagesystem. No STP except one umJaipur - south zone. STP planned under ADB in Jaipur - north zone. Ajmer & Udaipur. Sewage effluent from 40 tm 3 estimated as 11 Mm in 1999. Fenibizeruse Total NPK - 1. 28.459 t (916571- N. 35969t- P. 831t - K) wtnin lim,ts. Pesticídeuse 274t1vrTGM, (1997-98)0.23 ka/ha. Low level of use Weed killer use Negliaible 3 Biological Desert EnvAronment Not applicable Natural desert Flora Not applicable Endanaeredflora Not appblcable Desert Fauna Not applmcabie Conservauonarcas RanthambhoreNational Park. 6 Sanctuanesand 3 Closed area. Lakes lmportantlakes-5:Uda,sagar.Fatehsagar.Pichola.Swaroopsagar & Raisamand. Wild life Local & mspratorybirds. felicons to mammais. vertebrates& invertebrates. Forests Rich & mxed deciduous tomst with good canopy cover Reserve 3010. Protected 2745 Undassified 126(Total 5882 sq.km.) Wetands In the form of reservotrs. Endangered fauna Pea fowl, Indian wolf, Biodiversity Vaned & nch biodiversity,. .erbs & shrubs of mediícnal value deveiopíng under tree cover a _sciophytes.

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Apnil30,2000 Page E.17 Sheet 2 of 2~~

~~Tabie E2.1: Existlng Environmental Conditions wlthin the Banas Basin~~

Existing S.No. Environmental Baseline lnformatUon Conditions 4 Socio- Cultural Crop Yields (tUha) ICrop yield in the basin (1996-97): Jowar 0.5, Bajre 0.6. Maize 1.0, Kharif Pulses 0.4, Whel 2.5, Barlev 1.9. Gram 1.0. Musturd 0.9. Lanc tenure (1995-96) Avera size f iand hdin: 2.4ha (199596) Se ement Patem (1991) Pooulatbondensity: 192 per sc.krn. Quality a life (199596) Total lscy rate 38%, decadal wth rats(1981-91): 24%, Birth rato por 1000: 3, dath d or 1000 - 2. EiecfncltyConsumotion: 2827.36 Mkwhhr. (1995-96). Gender euitv 924 women per 1000 meni,Female literacy rate: 20% Pe artictpaton Cooperativesorieties: 4761 Tounsm Wild lile sanctuar -2, Lakes & Otherresorts-3 Histoncalsitos Forts & Paaces-8. Te 11 NGO hvovomnt 107 lndeaerous peope nil 5 Comiuntt H.alth lca rr poard In 1997) Malana |73661.cases Der 1000 - 9 GastroenterMs 148541.cas per 1000- 17 Jaundice 2.842 Dianrrhaa 139023.cases per 1000- 16 TvDh= 17014,cases per 1000 - 2 Sourco: See Refermnoes

~~SEA: Final Repon - Volume 3 Aprnl30.2000 Page E.18 Sheet 1 of 2~~

~~Table E3.1:Banas Dasin EMP: lmpact Assessment MatrIx for RWRCP~~

RWRCPComponantb: Impfoved krlgatlionmanagemenl and transfer;Agrkulturat inlensifiatlion: Sustainableground waler resourcemanagemenl. service roads; nOw measurement: removal of unaulhorisedoutlets; RWRCPActivittIs: Rehabililalion and modernizaiionol tbD syslems hn118.800 ha: lining of canais and walor courses

~~See Note ai Sheei 2 Aprll 30. 2000 SEA: Final Report- Volutme3 Page E 19 Sheel 2 of 2~~

Tabio E3.1:Banas Basin EMP: Impac Assessment Matlrx for RWRCP ttWRCP Componens: lmpovod I rigDlinn managomentand Iransfer: Agrickulluralinijnsirclhlon Suslainableground waler resuurco managomont. RWRCP Aclvitiett Rúohabilii;lfionan modurnization ol ISOsysloms hn110.800 ha l.ning of canais and waier coursos (a$ nnoded>;rohabdialion ol siructurus;sorvico roads: w meisuromonl; removaloI unatilhoised outbitS omrr bng aoufloisformalion ol WUAand Wator DistrrbulionCommmile:e Slreotnhenina agculture extanson; andarmer e Iranino rth PRFOand SAIFT. S.Na. Envirottmenlal Potential impaei RaDingolIImpacís for Signhficance Meosuros to auctam# Mtiligation Measuros Residual Impacts Parameolr j scopei magniludol directionl neutral or posItivi ImpaeCs or negativo Impacls duratlont í*ev*Tllly nnubral o 3 Blological __ 38 Consorvatlonareas No Impacl Ni1 39 WiidNfb 40 Forosís 41 Endanrered fora 42 ladestwaler bodies 43 Biodiversty 4 Soclo-Cuhlural ______44 CroP yied Increase locaV blw/ posilive/bng-tenl revetsibie IWAM 45 Food for Worlrprowram No impacd Na 46 Land tanurf 4 7 Sottlemonip_ __tern______48 Ouaiily ol iib lmprovamenlhl socb-economy, Ineroasehn Local/ medium/ posiIvel iong-lerm/Irreversible lnfrasírucluradevelopment such es roads. liloracy rale. increasa In per capila Incorne mar*els and credit t Input lacitlios

49 Gendor*quity Improvedstatus of wvoen,ncrase h bacl/ hghl posiivel long-temv/lrreverslbie ileracy.rnore participalfonin farmlngand ______decislon ______50 Peopli pariealion increased paridpailon Ihrough WtiAS Locail high/posllive/lang-leml reversibbl Farmertraining 100% membershipln WUA

51 Touribm No Impaci NiO 52 H~nrical%les_ 53 NGO Incheasedlhvolvemenl Loca owfosNivibrng lerm/irrrversbIde NGO trainina 54 Indiqonous P-eOpe _ ._ . . _ 5 Communith eit1th ___ _ 55Disoasea:urbana Jd i pa cl1 Diseasas:rurba Deacase hnthe ineidence oi maiara and LocaVlowI posHivdllong-lrml raversib4a Waler supply& Gaailation other water realaeddhseases SP iD eae heSlee N mpacd INO _ _ Nojo: 1 Scope: Local: h wifhiF t km df lha propoed devebpment adhivity, basln-wideis withln lhe bsin itseHfregbnal hswllhhn Roasa5han 21Magnitude: H;qh means>75% medium k beiween 50.75% ibw h 25-50% and neqligible is lessthan 25% 31 Direceon:Nel posilive. negallve or nouiralhnpacl 4> Duralion lonq-lerm s >10 years medim -lormis 2-liJ yoars short- lerm 5is 2 yearS 5 Revefsbliy: Reveorsibleor Irreversjbte(posilivo or neativeo) knpacl to lhe resourcetpopulation(wilhah a profecled lime - trame oa I5 yeara). 6) Paramelors requlringmoniloring and denoted ()

~~Seo Noto Dí Shoet 2~~

~~SEA: Final Reporl - Volume3 Pago E.20 Aprfl 30. 2000 Sheef 10 1 3~~

~~Table 3.2: Banas EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for Planned Projecís~~

~~PlannodPrfoects~~

______1 1 ,avorspofihlyj Phnscic eilíy Oaerographiy PopulalionIncrease due to improvedquaiity Basinwide ihigh Ipositive Along lerm firreversible lncressedagriculture output. Of 11 incased walersiippy 2 Topcgraphy LandI noroveneniin ikrigaledarea Local/ow /Dositivo/ong lermrirrevers_ble envifonmentaliybeneficial. 3 Solts,Wateçtogglng Risohn GW levei,and general walerbogging Basin wide/ mediumt tnegatll blong-tenmV IWAM.OFO and subjec?lo mitigalJonmeasures in CCA reversibie Agriculluraidraínage beingImapemenled 4 So: Ouality Impreve Basinwidetmediumípostlvel long-leol/reversibie IWAM 5 Gookogy NoImpact Nl 6 Landfownns _ 7 Landuse: head end Rainfedugriculture to IT$gatodagitura; Basinwidelmedlum(posillivelong-termtreversfbla IWAM 6 OSMof IS0 nefwork ______Change In croppid.gpafnema: 8 Landuse:mktddl 9 Land use: laHlend 10 On-iamrd~velopmenl lracrasse Locaitmedhmosi8veoonaterV irrevers"le ApdkableOFD moal 1t WalerdHisirbufbn system increaseln aglcullureand nod.agricvffural Basinwids / high/positive/ bong.lent irreversible OFD IWAM,084M í iUD demands. _ neork, WUA Water Prlcing 12 Drainagesyslem Som. Improvement. asinwldelmedlurrpositvelong4emirrseversible New drainage netw

lnlensity Increase BashIwideímedlumtposNlvetbng term treversible iWAM O&Moa 10 netw~ 13 Irngalion ~~~~~~~WUA 14 IrrigationGrowf irrigalonexpansion Basinwidel hight ~ositiveliongIarnnlirreversible OFD,IWAM, OSM ot I&D nework. WUA 1S CroppinglnlensitY lncreasedmueipe cropplng Basinwidedmedmfpodlivelbng.lemfinsvebrsibe IWAM

16 CroppingPaitem Inntrductino higlihvafue croPs Basinwid.lmed~umpositi 2Enlernireversibb IWAM 17 CNmale I___mprovementossibba Basinwidel kow/ Posifve lonp-le Irrevenrsbbo 18 Reservods New n ervoelsbuHi Locauneg~figlbi /elgiprno-Ien mkreverslb_ 19 Surfacewaler quantlty Reducedin-slream i"ow LrcaUkrrt nag~tl' short4emareversible Maintainin-stream fiow

~~20 Orainwaser quantifY Increaseddrorin /»w BasinwIdionfediumifnigatlaifng-evm hroversibis~~

~~21 GW aqulferrecharge lncreasedrechargo Basinwidektediurn¶posilive nong-lein/ reveureble OM d l&D nealok IWAM~~

22 GW depIbn Negite _ IW__ 23 GWlable RisohI walerlablse aslnwIderlnmenagatbIong-temol roversible OM dlI neat OFD. IIIAM 24 Conjuncliveusa Increase LVoa b / posNlve/long-letm reversHibb Moraring oi GWexpbIta i andenfarctenuni" 25 Erosion Nol significanl 26 Sedimonlna

~~SeeNote aI Shael3~~

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 PageE.21 Ar 30,20t Shoel 2 od 3~~

~~Tubl. 3.2: BanasEMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for Planned Projects~~

Piannad Projects IUplo 2015): lrdIgatior expansion In 8B,700ha (ongoing projecís): new Irrlgation prolecis in addillonal 94,400 ha water developmenl fb non-agrlcultura profecia 42Mm' (linduslry, domeslk, Iivostock, thermal power) S No; £Envlronmental Polential Impacte Rating oi impacta Measure to custamn lititgaUon seusures Residual Impact i paramlahr Iscopel magnhludel directlon/ durallorU neutral or positiva Impa5 for negativo bmpacta ar banems T ~~~~~~rvernibility) 2 Chemical 217 Surace water quaNty Deterloraled In-stream and drain waier Basin widel mediurn negatle rever5iblb Malbitan cteptabe water downstroam quatNly;Incrcased industrial and domestlc qualhty,INM. IPM, omuent eiluent; and Increased peslcido usa Ireatmenl and monllorlng and enlorcornenl "*

28 Drain water qualMty Oetleratlon due ltoIncresed agro- Basin wideImodlum/nagatWreversiblo INM. IPM. MonL unge* r hemIcas use 29 Resarvoir water qualty Ne~115t18 Nu 30 GW drinking quallty ImprovedGW quality. derloralion ,i Basln wlde/ mediumt posive e nmeagrat long. Etfoent treaimenl and Industrial aras lemV reverslbie entorcernent lnhIdustrial arcas 31 GW krigalon quality lmproved GW quality ataeinwldel medlumt postiNv Iongq-tema ______~~~~~~~Irrevertible 32 Sol salinity lneressed sol salinity In CCA Basin wldel mediunmnegalet kntg-ermi/ OFD. IWAM. O&M al 0&0 reversibe systems; provbbn ol dralna 33 PoinI source poltlulon Somo Increase LocaIvwt ~ato temleverslble Trealmoni oi Industrial ef1luenl and enfrcemont 34 Diliuse source polutuon Untreated sewagoeemuen dhposal ln rivers .ocaVmeduunlMathfrlbng-term/reversiblo Sewage em~iun tireatment canais and drainage system: dlerlratlion Monllorng ol efiant C of surfaco WO; and aqulfer poflutlon and eniorcomene

~~35 Fertflier use lncraesed bertiNzeruse ashnwldelmedlml nautraVIong-brml reversible INM~~

36 Pes useulde lncreased pestide uso and ~ 1PM 37 Weed kilier use Incroasa Weedco ntrd 8Irainng _ 38 Conservallon afeas Minimal Impad LocaVIbe neraV _ong- I_rreversI ble Avoldence od locathg projeca Envlnronenilay boneficlalhr nfar ecobglcal sensitive eras biodlversity and wIld life development 39 WddMG 40 Forss 41 Endan!rsed d a 42 telneshvaler bodies 43 lIodiverStl ______44 bCh leultud lrniesc In yleld Basin wldet hbht posiltvakbng-lervn rverslble - Scutturai uIWAMbanefhs and ______~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ uim ovemernl uaMva dMO.

~~SoeNoto ai Sleoel3~~

~~SEA: Final RepoH . Volurne 3 Pago E.22 30 2000 Shect 3 of 3~~

~~Table 3.2: Banas EMP: tmpact Assessment Matrlx for Plannod Proaects~~

Planned Projecta (Upta 2015: Irrlgation expansion in 88.700 ha (ongoing projecds),new irrigation projecís in additional 94.400 ha: water development lor non-agrlculture projects 427Mm (Industry.domeslic. livesfock. lhermal power> S.No. Environmental Potential Impacts Rating of impacts Measure to sustain mitígation measures Residual Impacto parametlr (seopei magnilude/ direction/ durationl noutral or positivo Impacts for negativa Impacts or beneflts ______rovorslbllllyl ______reverslbillty 45 Food for work p ram No Impact 46 Land tenure (tand hoiding) Changes Irom dryland to lrnrgatedagriculture Bas&nwidet klow neutraUiong-termlirreverslble

47 Seltliement pattern Migralion Irom other areas, Inciease in Basín wide/ mediunmpositive/ irreversible pop_i_alion densily 48 QuallIy di lilo improvemeni in socbo-economy:Increase in Basin wide/ hlghl posilive/ long-lermn/rieversibto Infrastructure devebopment tileracy rale. increase in per capita income such as roads, matkets. credil ______A ir put acil tlca ______c_ _ __t_ __s 49 Gender equl'y Improvement in lhe slalus of women. Basin widel hlghl positive/ long-lerml irreversible increase in ltleracy mnoreparticipalion ln farmingand decision maktng 50 Peopheparli.ctalion In ali stages oa proied devebpment Basin widei hirti psostivelbonq-lermlreverslble 51 Tourism Increase local/towlposittvetionq lerm/irreversible 52 Historical siles Not known at lhis steg- Requlre prod acillc

~~53 NGO Incroased Invovemenl Basin wide/ medtunmneutraV long-lernV reversibio~~

54 indigenouspeopte No Inbals in lhe basin _ 5 Communtty Hleaith ______55 Diseases: urb.n Reduced waler relaltd diseases dus lo LocalV1w! Posilível long-term reversibbe benIer walor suppiy 56 Diseases: rural Increased water born diseases ln proeed Low/medlumvoogatle/rig termlreverslble Ensure rumalwaler supply areas. and sanitalion; monltoring ot water quallty;

~~57 Dlseases tiestock Reduced díseases due to better LocaV lowl posHltve/tong-lerrn irreversible~~

Nole: 1> Scope: Local: Is within 1 km o( the proposed devekopmerl actlvilty basin-wide Is wlthin lhe basin Hisel, regional Is within Ralaslhan 1> reqírlngaramelra nourfshment ______2> Magnitude:~e Hlih means >75%. medium Is between 50-75%. 'ow is 25-50% and neglgble Is less than 25% 3> Directionr Ncl positivo, negativo or neutral Impact 4> Duration bong-lermIs >10 years, medium -term is 2.10 years. short - term is <2 years 5) Reversibility: Reversible or irreversible (positiveor negalivel hipact lo the resource/popuiation (wilhln a projected time - framol 115yeers). a *6 Planned prajects woutd nol be implemenled wilhin 25km oaecologically and otherwise sensitive areas (Source: Goel, 1992>

*71 Paranme1esrequiring mnontrine *nd denoiedt

SEA: Final Report Volume 3 Page E 23 Apr'l 30 2000 Dhtr,it tS~d Owr1ws. Pond Bowudos : Scole 1:2.100,000 Stot.. Distrlct. tlw CMe. Ri-r. Proed Cnl -_ S1.1 Somntuwy. Cb~ Arca *

MObr Cwmd e- Ex.tQ. ProWt - IrriqaI PraJ.t:f_ _ P blin * Ce*

~~Not(. Cnw ^roto for Pro ePtocts nos bkn Iflott h~se an It ~w CCA hn SuP 1998~~

~~r ~~~9~~

~~A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~SW~~

~~Ma,E' aa Bai Dvlp ent~~

~~Source Map El BanasBash Development TAHAL (1998), MAP WRP2~~

~~SEA: Finol Repor1-Volume 3 Page £.24 April 30, 2000 AjmtR~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AS~~

~~<< (9 O H AgSç ~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 S DUNDI|8~~

~~DAIPUR Rkq 5 T R n 1 JSc/XRIPTI~~

~~XT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~s .» & ,),s4 A g , . L a A, TEt~~

~~c(J: - 7- -`r or"soTa5asRe BUNDI~~~~1TtCIONO~~~

~~Source TAHA 5 .ACO.1998:5CCRStLtIE~~

~~Source:TAHAL WAPCOS 1998.Map E2: Soll Types Key Map of Banas Basln Water Resources Planning for Banas Bas_n~~

~~SEA: Final Reo)ort- Volume 3 Paae E.25 A_riI 30. 2000 _ _ v!» N >>Z~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A S JI~~

~~15k 1..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I.~~

~~/ ~~~~~~1>4 s3- C.AIe...e De?aE_ T,.s C.e, *b..ite1....«| J,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l3,20_9 asl tr wssawc~~

~~27-@ @ tEt O * | ero , C O w CaIb_«. b t~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~uf 1998. MapE3: C,., Geological Key Map of Banas Basln WaterResources Planning for BanasBasin~~

~~SEA:Final ReDort - Volume3 PageE.2B 0 20 > \ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ME HDHA EBA^ Sl-E ICl-A'W A T12XJ) fi ' /SCAtE f taON,,0 0-~~

~~L!NI2 mE R D A ,i OST R OIS IIBfIII~~

~~n Xr ; - - ~~~~~~~~~~~~A X IaANS ;! àrCNGAGA2 8~~~~O 1 m 3 KVf C \ z ày,- 2 0/W-fV 2><~~

~~%, ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~A~~NASI -~~

~~A R s O I OhSl'ftiCTT5 u U OJSPR U O - s T `N H o ç R e t \ rrumg~~

~~.- N ~~~ ~ ~ ~~~~-~~

~~C3A AL2 UOA~~PUR T DISTRIj 1 ~~9 H 1BuNAIA T R 1 t 01 N o UDAI NOPURR 8< op o19 'Ri~~

~~, s_ - - '.r -\Á ; - A 5 ~ tAMA V~~~~~HMBUSA II~~

~~< - :. - < \/INRIVERCOURSEPMADH- /~~

~~M,jg-ll/ Di s 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~CH_F1. B u H o cMBALJ AGROCLIMATIC HlOf /~~

~~/ t _} / ç \ / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~IRRIQAIIOMDEMNO 204E5~~

~~. ,~~

~~X~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~37 ,.~~

~~Map E4: AgrocllmatlcZones and Irrigation DemandZones In BanasBasln Source TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for Banas Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page E.27 April 30, 2000 _ ~~LEGEND~~

~~F i~~

~~>20m(gl)~~

~~UDAIPUU '' < ~"~~

~~souf~~~~~~~~~~~~~:,w-La_;,. Sef ::ry~~

~~gotjrcc~~

~~Map E5 aGround Water Dspth (Pre Monsoon1998> of BanasBasin~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page E.28 April 30, 2000 LEGEND Rise/Decline(in m) !EED; +S to 17 Scole 1: 2.100,000 +3 to +5 O to +3 O to -3 =Z-3 to -5 -5 to -7 F-7 to -10 PE > - 10~~

~~Source: of ganas Basin GroundWater Deporlnent,. Ro asthan~~

~~SEA: Final Reporl-Volume 3 Page E.29 April 30. 2000 LECEND Dlstrkt H.d Ouorters. Pond 4~~

~~State. DWricEt.RP~wr Ba - Scole 1:2.100.000 Cacnd,Rher, Prço~d Cd .~~

~~cot.ory Stogeof D~~#!t~~

~~S - Saie Les thon 70S~~

~~SC - Semicrit"cd 70 - 90S~~

~~àl -1 ~c-c§tksW 90 - t005;~~

~~OE - Ow ieçl-.tod OretIr thtm 100%~~

~~WATEf~~

~~ovo SPUR,,Kz,E,,DHOPU~~

~~-- -- -W- - -n S- ', ,- A~~

~~um ~~MapeE7 GroundWater Exploitationwithin Banas BaSmn, 1998 Source Ground Woter D"prtment. Rapsthan~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volumne3 Poge E.30 April 30. 2000 w w~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~E H D k k >qs j~~

~~o ~ ~ ~ ~ .~~

~~COURSFS I// } >\JMER7 o \ / = . »fVER~~

~~R~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~OUNOARIES {/ F gK / ~~~~~- 5~~~~~~~~TATE DIS1TRtCT/ \ / < s / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~Map E8: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinities In Banas Basln~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for BanasBasin April 30, 2000 SEA:Final Report - Volume3 PageE.31 LEGEND 4 EC (dS/m) <4- Scole 1: 2.100.000 4-B >8~~

~~UDAIP~ APUb~~

~~Map E8.1 . Sainivtyin GroundWater of Banas Basin Source Ground Woter Deportm.ent. Roputhon~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page E.32 April 30. 2000 29~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Z M E N N-~~

~~/3 *'~~

~~/ sOO/U| *$ t CStORGAX/ 1;\ ' ;\/ / nT1eoT\~~

~~HIONKANA HL ACK~~

~~13HILVVA!~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~u] IH RONWAE Tc R i ARIICA RC-IRE OSIIjTE~~

~~c H A m o1 N A v IN IVR CEJSE~~

~~/OUN RIVERCUSES 3-~~~~~ < ~P'v ~ ~ ~ 5~~ ~~~~Pg E.3Api 0L20~~

BATE April 30, 2000~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-- SEA-3 Final ReDort - Volume Page E.33 SEA:3~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~SAT:OITRCFinal Reoort - Volume Dd%fr6ctN,d Oisgles. PornS ) S*d~. Scole 1:2Z100,000 Strat<. OItrit. flê* Itoun _ C~. Ri. ProPd C'S Pr*t*«t*t *" m2

~~Pt Pro»ct~~

~~Fumt Aew~~

~~Noi-Pmkt.t.d 8 C~ore w* not to~~

~~_ v~~

~~Map EIO t Fo~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page E.34 April 30, 2000 SECTIONF~~

~~BASINGROUP 5 EMP (SHEKHAWATI& SABI)~~

~~BASIN GROUP 5 (SHEKHAWATIAND SABI BASINS) TABLE OF CONTENTS~~

1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION ...... F.1 1.1 BasinFeatures ...... F.1 1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects ...... F.1 1.2.1 Presentand planned projects ...... F.1 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities . F.1 1.2.3 Non-imngation development projects ...... F.1 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW ...... F.1 2.1 PhysicalEnvironment ...... F.2 2.2 ChemicalEnvironment ...... F.4 2.3 BiologicalEnvironment ...... F.5 2.4 Socialand Cuftural Envmronment ...... F.6 2.5 CommunityHealth Environment ...... F.6 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... F.6 3.1 General...... F.5 3.2 ImpactsSpecufic to the BasinGroup 5...... F.6 3.2.1 RWRCP...... F.6 3.2.2 Plannedprojects ...... F.6 4.0 MITIGATIONPLAN ...... F.7

~~UST OF BOXES~~

Box Fl: BasinGroup 5 RWRCP(ha) ...... F.1 Box F2: LandUse (ha)...... F.2 Box F3: CroppingPattern and Crop Yields ...... F.3 Box F4: Measuresto SustainPositive lmpacts ...... F.7 Box FS: MitigationMeasures ...... F.7

UST OFTABLES TableF1.1: An Overviewof Featuresof BasinGroup 5 ...... F.8 TableFl.2: BasinGroup 5 WaterDevelopment upto year 2015 ...... F.9 TableFl.3: SailentFeatures of Existing,Ongoing and ProposedSurface Water Projects in BasinGroup 5: WmthinBasin Resources ...... F.10 TableF2.1: ExistingEnvironmental Condition Wíthin the BasinGroup 5 ...... F.1t TableF3.1: BasinGroup 5 EMP:Impact AssessmentMatrix for RWRCP...... F.14 TableF3.2: BasinGroup 5 EMP:Impact Assessment Matrix for PlannedProjects ...... F.16

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30, 2000 PageF. i LIST OF MAPS~~

Map Fl: Group5 BasinDevelopment ...... F.19 MapF2a: Soil TypesKey Mapof ShekhawatiBasin ...... F.20 Map F2b: Soil TypesKey Mapof Sabi Basin...... F21 Map F3a: GeologicalKey Map of ShekhawatiBasin ...... F.22 Map F3b: Geologicalkey Map of Sabi Basin...... F.23 Map F4a: AgrodimatioZones and irrigationDemand Zones in ShekhawatiBasin ...... F24 Map F4b: Agro-ClimatícZones and IrrigationDemand Zones in Sabi Basin...... F25 MapF5: GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon1998) of BasinGroup 5 ...... F.26 MapF6: Changein GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon1984 L&1998) of BasinGroup 5 ...... F.27 MapF7: GroundwaterExploitation within Basin Group 5, 1998...... F.28 Map F8a: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinitiesin ShekhawatiBasin ...... F292 MapF8b: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinitiesin Sabi Basin...... F.30 Map F8.1: Salinityin Groundwaterof BasinGroup 5 ...... F.31 Map F9a: GroundwaterKey Mapof ShekhawatiBasin ...... F.32 Map F9b: GroundwaterKey Mapof Sabi Basin...... F.33 MapFI0: ForestArcas and ProtectedAreas Relative to PlannedProjects in BasinGroup 5 ....F.34

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 ApnIl30,2000 PageF. ii SECTIONF BASIN GROUP 5 (SHEKHAWATIAND SABI BASINS)~~

~~1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION~~

~~1.1 Basin Features~~

The BasinGroup 5 is madeup of two northeastemriver basins of Rajasthan,Shekhawati and Sabi. The northempart of these river basinsdrain towards Haryana and Southempart of Shekhawatidrains towards Sambhar Lake. The groupof basinscovers a total catchment area of 1.775Mha occupying5% of the state. The catchmentarea is spreadin 7 districts namelyAjmer, Alwar, Churu, Jaipur Jhunjhunu,Nagaur and Sikar.Boundaries of the basin group5 are:the Outsidebasin in the west;Haryana border in the north;Ruparall basin in the east; and,Luni andBanganga basins in the south.An overviewof the basinis givenin Table F1.1.

~~1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects~~

~~12.1 Presentand plannedprojects~~

The presentand projectedscenario of írrigationand non-irrigationprojects in the basinare given in TableFl.2 and MapFl. Theseinclude 112 existing projects with a CCA of 29,734 ha andthe ongoingand proposed projects. The overalidevelopment is projectedto increase from 29,734ha to 43,226ha (TableFl.3). Ali the plannedprojects are minorand the specific componentsare not known.

~~1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities~~

The RWRCPcomponents (PRFO and SAIFT)are aimedat rehabilitationand modemization of existingirrigation systems that have low overall project efflciency.The CCA of the proposedRWRCP project is 2,023ha (BoxFl) locatedin Jaipurdistrict (Map F1).

~~Box Fl: BasinGroup 5 RWRCP(ha\~~

~~Bucharamnedium project 2,023~~

~~At the time of thisstudy. proposal for the Bucharamedium project has not yet beenprepared andwould have to be preparedupon World Bank approving the overaliRWRCP.~~

~~1.Z3 Non- irrigationdevelopment projects~~

The SWP projecteda significantgrowth in the annualwater demandsfor domesticand industrialuse, oversixty eight percentincrease in urbanand rural waterdemand is projected in the next fifteenyears (Table F1.2).

~~2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW~~

~~The existingenvironmental conditions within the Basin Group5 are summanzedin Tabie F21.~~

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30, 2000 PageF. i 21 Physical Environment~~

Demography:According to 1991census, the populationof this basin was 3.7 million (rural 86%).The year 1999population is 427 milion. The forecasttor the year 2015, as estimated in the SWPwas 6.2 million,an increaseof about68 percent.

Soils: The Torripsammentscalcdorthids paleorthids occupy the westem part of the Shekhawatibasin and Torripsammentsare the major group in Sabi basin. Ustifluventsand hilis and hillocksoccupy the eastem and southemparts of the Sabi basin (Map F2a and F2b).

Geology: The geologyand aquifer featuresin the basin (Map F3a and F3b) consistsof recent to sub-recent Aeolian deposits of sandsWdunesands and aliuvial sand, clay, and kankarof Quatemaryera in mostof the basin.

Landforms: Offshootsof Aravali rangeskirt southeastempart of the basinboundary. They nse to a maximumelevation of abouL650 to 850 m amsl in Shekhawatibasin. Pediments, both largeand small, are found at the base of the above hilis and hili ranges.Valley plains consistof anticlinal-synclinalvalleys interruptingthe hili ranges,parUy modlfied by erosion and having aliuvial valley fill deposits.Ravines are pmsent in the upstreamsections of variousSabi rver tributaries.Much of Mendhabasin comprises a monotonoussandy plain, brokenonly by east-northeast-west- southwest aligned sand dunes. Land use: Out of total land areaof 1.775Mha of the Basin,an areaof 0.9 Mha (52 percent) is consideredsuitable for inigation.Of this area, some 29,734 ha or 0.3 percentare under the existing irrigationprojects. The broad breakdownof the cuftivatedland in the Basin Group5 is givenin Box F2.

~~Box F2: LandUse (ha) * Kharif 114,800 * Rabi 278,500 * DoubleCropped 347,900 * Faliow 168,100 * Total 909,300~~

Climate: The BasinGroup 5 has beendassified as tropical steppe,arid and hot. The mean annualraintall varies from 616 mm in the Sabi basinto 476 mm in the Shekhawatibasin. The basinhas high temperaturesduring the day of about 410C in the summerand falling to 4.1 'C night temperaturesduring winter.

~~The BasinGroup 5 is coveredby the followingthree agro-climatic zones (Map F4a andF4b).~~

~~• ZoneII A Transitionalplain of inlanddrainage. • Zone 1I1A Semi-andeastem plain. * Zone1I1 S Floodprone eastem plain.~~

Water Distribution: The surfacewater potential has been estimatedas 397 Mm3/yr. The annualrecharge to groundwateris about 589 Mm31yr.In the Shekhawatibasin one medium and 58 minor projectsinigate a CCA of 14,661ha and in the Sabi basin 3 mediumand 50 minor projectsirrigate a CCA of 15,073.The imgatedarea outsideCCA using groundwater resourcesis estimatedat 426,884ha of whichan area of about 90,000 ha underspnnkler imgation.

SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apnl30,2000 PageF. 2 lrrigation Growth: Very littie growth is possible from the water resources of the basin. About 13,500 ha will be added to the irrigatedarea with the ongoing and proposed projects.

~~Cropping pattem and crop yields: The major crops of the -Basin Group 5 are given in Box F3.~~

~~Box F3: Cropping Pattem and Crop Yields~~

~~Crop/Season %Cropped Yield (Vha)~~

~~Kharif Bajra 47.1 0.8 Pulses 15.3 0.3 Jowar 3.7 0.6 Maize 1.6 1.2 Others 32.3 Rabi Gram 11.5 1.0 Mustard 3.6 3.1 Wheat 19.2 2.5 Barley 2.8 2.1 Mustard 24.9 1.0 Others 38.0 -~~

~~System rehabilitation and modemization activities of RWRCP could result in changes in the cropping pattem and a general increase in yields.~~

~~Reservoirs: The reservoirs associated with medium and minor irrigation projects are non- significant.~~

River water quantity: The total mean annual surface water potential is about 397 Mm3iyear. Drain water quantity: The drainage pattem in Shekhawati basin is dendritic. The rivers disappear in sand dunes.

Groundwater table: Groundwater in Sabi basin usually occurs at fairly shallow depths, ranging from a few meters to 20 m. The water table depth is greater than 20m below ground levei in Shekhawati basin (Map F5). The groundwater is phreatic in most of the area, although semi-confined conditions occur within the aliuvial aquifer. In Shekhawati basin groundwateris available in aliuvium and consolidatedrock forrnation.

~~Groundwatertables have been declining continuously in the past decade or so (Map F6). As well, the entire has been experiencing overdraft or critical condition in groundwater development (Map F7).~~

Water Use: The 1995 water use and projections up to 2015 are given in Table F1.1 and F`1.2.The total water use of 1800 Mm31yr during 1995 is projected to marginaliy increase to 1974 Mm3/yrby the year 2015. The non-inigation demand is about 11% of the total demand and is expected to increase upto about 15% by 2015.

Sedimentation: TAHAL (1998) estimated siltation rates on the basis of data from existing reservoirs in the basin, as well as information on silt load observations at gauging sites maintained by CWC and ID. lt is assumed assumed that 55% of the incoming silt is in the live storage and 45% in the dead storage. The silt load for Shekhawati and Sabi basins were estimated as 355 and 142 m3lkm2/year, respectively. The reduction in the live storage capacity over the years is estimated to be less than one percent per year of silt deposited in the reservoirs. As the irigation dams are designed for 100 years life expectancy, the silt load in the basin is considered not significant. SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 Apnl 30. 2000 Page F. 3 2.2 ChemicalEnvironment

River water quality: The surfacewater in Shekhawatibasin is variabie. Sodium chioride contentis reported to be increasingupto 1400 ppm near Mendha (Sambharlake) which wouídcause unpalatable condition for drinkingpurposes. Reservoirwater quality: The reservoirsin the basinare non-significantand no monHoringis reporled. Groundwater quality:. The qualityof groundwateris goodto brackishwith salinity varying from 0.75 to 2.5 dSlm (Map F8a, F8b and F8.1). Groundwaterin 70% of the basin is not suitablefor drinking(Map F9a and F9b). Soil salinity, sodicity and soil quaiíty: About 54,000ha area is affectedwith salinityand sodicitydue to groundwateririgation. Intensivecropping, inadequate use of organic matter and inappropriateuse of fertilizers particularlyin inigated areas may lead to soil degradationdue to sustainedremoval of nutrients.However, substantiating data are not availabieto supportthe reductionin nutrient status. The averagegrain yield of irrigated c=ps such as wheat, gram and mustard are found 35 to 10 percenl hígherover non-irrgatedcrops (1996-98)in the basin indicating marginalenhancement or maintainingthe soil fertilitylevei underinigation conditions. Polrution Sources: Industrialeffiuent, municipalwaste incdudingsewage efftuent, over use of fertilizers and pesticidesare the major sourcesof pollution.In Group 5 EMP Basin, BhWwadi,Neemrana, Aiwar and Khushkherain Alwar district are the prime industrialtowns. RIICOhas set up 20 industrialarcas in Alwarand 5 in Jhunjhunudistricts up to October1998 (Map 4.10, Volume2). In addition,there are a number of industriesoutside the RIICO industrialareas in Jaipur,Jhunjhunu and Alwardistricts. A large numberof industriesare yet to install effluenttreatment plants. For example,the alcohol at Bahror (Alwar) may be dischargingeffluent with very high BOD and COD (Annexure4.11, Volume2). Industrialdevelopment aíong the NationalHighway # 8 couid also be a possiblesource for the pollution.Khetfi in Jhunjhunudistrict and Dariba in Alwar district are areas where copper mining takes place, which is open cast as well as under ground in nature. The SPCB ensuresthat industriescompíy with the effluent treatment standards.The presentindustries clusters in the basin are not consideredas hot spots or potentialhot spots.None of the urbancentres in the basinhave sewagetreatment Plants. Diffuse source of pollution: Salinityand sodicitydevelopment in agriculturallands due to irrigationwith poorquality groundwater, and disposal of untreatedsewage from urbancentres continuouslycontaminate the groundwatersupplies, as large areas being not suitable for drinking. Fertilizer use: The averageannual fertilkzeruse in the total croppedarma (irrigated and unirrigated) during 1997-98(in the fonmof nutrients,kglha) in differentdistricts in the basin (Map4.12 ,Vol. 2) was 25 to 50 kglha. Assuming,farmers apply fertilizer only in irigated areas, the rate of applicationin the irrigated armaswould be about 37 to 108 kg/ha, the minimumbeing in Jhunjhunuand the maximumin Nagaurdistricts. Discussions with State AgricultureDepartment and RAUindicated that up to 200 kglha of fertilizer use (in the form of nutrients)annually is consideredsafe and wouldnot have adverseresidual impact. Pesticide use: The pesticideconsumption in the basin during 1997-98(as per TGM) has been in the rangeof 0.07 to 0..37 kg/ha of croppedarca (Map4.13, Volume2). The limited studies conductedduring 1991-99at RAU ResearchStation Durgapura (Jaipur) showed residualimpact on vegetables.Water qualitymonitoring from agriculturalrunoff with regard to pesticidesconcentration is not being doneto arrive at pesticideloading for limitingits use withinthe limits of standardmaximum residue level for different pesticides( Annexure11.8, Volume2). SEA:Final Report - Volume 3 April 30,2000 PageF. 4 2.3 BiologicalEnvironment

Biodiversity: The BasinGroup 5 is rch in xeric habitatbiodiversity, which is evidentfrom the availabilityof plant and animalspecies of medicinaland aestheticvalue. Treesbesides grass specieslike Conchrus,Saccharum and Digitana are also forming good vegetation cover providingshelter to diversifiedinsect and otherfauna. Due to indiscriminatehacking, felling and heavyand uncontrolledgrazing, the basinis losingits biodiversityof importance speciallythe plants of medicinal and aestheticvalue like Commiphorasp., Balanites, Calligonumand Echinops sp.

Natural desert environment: BasinGroup 5 supportsarid and dry hot desertconditions that presentextemally desolate appearance. The relief is markedby sand dunes.Mild to violent storms blow with greatfrequency through out the summer months.The Shekhawatibasin containssome freshly deposited sand dunes on which even pioneersuccession has nottaken place.Most of the areain the basinis put underplough every secondor third yearwith the resultthat exceptProsopis cineraria, evenly dotted about In the fields, no othervegetation is seen. Basin bearsa series of detachedhilis of Aravali'ssystem. Khetr is a small town situated amidsthilly regions.These hilís nearKhetri contain copper mines and miningoperations are conductedby the govemmenton a largescale.

Naturaldesert flora: The basinprobably has moreof kankarpan undemeathwith the result that Capparisdecidua is fairly common.Calligonum polygonoides, Calotropis procera, specdesof Euphorbia,Lepidagathis, Salvodora, Cenchrus and Saccharumare common.No endangeredflora is reportedfrom the basin.

~~Desert fauna: The basin is representedby a variety of animais includingMonitor lizard consideredas endangeredor threatenedanimal species.~~

Ecologically sensitive arcas: There are three dosed areas consideredas ecologically sensitivearcas havinga varietyof flora and fauna.Besides the basinis rich in Black bucks, Bluebull,Jackais and Jungle cat.

Lakes: Basin has a characteristicwaterfowl habitat populady knownas `SambharLake' recognizedat intemationallevei as Ramsarsite as reportedby WWF 1992. Sambharlake, besidessalt, is providingfood, fuel, fodder,timber, fiber etc. to the local inhabitantsand is a unique habitat for migratory waterfowls.The lake is under constant threat due to encroachment.The signsof increasingdesertification are visible.This wetlandotherwise is a goodhabitat for benthicinvertebrates, Phytoplanktons and flamingos.

~~Forest Ama: The Basin has a forest area spread in 1308 ha under different categories (reserved,protected and unctasslfied)which is 0.07%of the total catchmentarea of the basin.~~

Noneof the plannedprojects appear to be in the dose vicinity of forests(Map F10) lf any project is proposedto be locatedwithin 10 km of the boundaryof reservedforests or a designatedecologically sensitive area, or within25 km of the boundaryof Nationalpark or sanctuary it will require environmentalclearance from the Central Govemment.Hence, locationof any such projectlying in the vicinity of the forest land, sanctuary,national park needto be finalizedobserving the legalrequirements.

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30,2000 PageF. 5 2.4 Social and Cultural Environment~~

Population: About86% populationof the basinis rural.AbouL 4,012 viliages and 27 towns of differentpopulation sizes are soatteredin the basin area.There is 20% scheduiedcaste and scheduiedtribe populationin the Basinas against30% in the state. Settlement: Populationdensity in BasinGroup 5 is 223 personsper squarekilometer. Wide variationexists in populationdensity from 92 in Churudistrict to 363 personsper sq. km. in Jaipurdistrict.

Gender Equity: ln the Basin,there are 921women for 1000men. The femalellteracy rate És 24%,which is similar to the state'saverage. The mean age at maniageis 15 years, whichIs an impedimentto educationand developmentof women.

~~People Participation: There are 1133 cooperativesocieties and 25 NGOs in the Basin Group5.~~

~~2.5 CommunityHeatth Environment~~

~~Incidenceof malaria,gastro-enteritis and diarrheawere õf concemin the basin.During 1997 reportedcases of thesediseases were 47, 81 and 76 per 1000persons, respecively.~~

The existingcommunity heaith problems in inigated amas, are sketchy.Further data wli have to be collectedconsidering existing public health centresand medicalfaclilties in rural areasto evaluatethe problemof waterbom diseaseseffectively.

~~3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS~~

~~3.1 General~~

A discussionon impactidentification, methodology and guidelinesfor predictionof impacts, typical examplesfor the RWRCP and plannedprojects is containedin the SEA Report (Volume2). For the Group5 Basin,the impactassessment matrix for RWRCPprojects and plannedprojects are givenin TablesF3.1 and F32, respectively.

~~3.2 lmpactsSpecific to the BasinGroup 5~~

~~3211 RWRCP~~

Although,mostly positive,there would be a concem on possiblereduction in groundwater rechargedue to rehabilitationand modemizationof irrigationsystems, particulaily ín the areaswhere presently water table is declining,for examplein the Alwar dístricts.

~~3.2.2 Plannedprojects~~

• Mostof the plannedprojects appear to be in areasin whichgroundwater exploitation is in over pxploitationto critical stages of development.New irrigation in such areas will providean environmentconductive to increasedrecharge. The impactswill be two fold: a reductionin pumpingdepths for domesticdemand in over exploitedarmas in the lift irrigationschemes and, an increasein waterloggingconditions in shallow water table areas. ln both cases, the conditionspromote the need for judicious integratedsurface andgroundwater management. • The newirrigated CCA requires careful planning, considering the vast bio-diversityin the forestand protectedarmas.

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April 30,2000 PageF. 6 4.0 MMGATION PLAN~~

Measures to sustain positive impacts and mHigation measures for the negative impacts related to different environmental parameters in RWRCP and Planned Projects are included in Tables F3.1 and F3.2. These are summarized in Box F4 and FS.

The mitigation measures mainly pertain to: efficient use of surface water; conjunctive use of surface and groundwater; adequate drainage; improved management practices for agrícultureinputs such as INM & IPM; regular maintenance of 1& D systems; involvement of WUA in the distribution; management and maintenance of canais; and, industrial and municipal waste water effluent treatment before discharge into rivers or spread on-land surface or use for irrigation.

The water quality monitoring, analysis and enforcement of legal requirementsto maintain the effiuent quality from industries, sewage and agriculture runoff should be ensured by the suggestedagencies (Chapter 11, Volume 2).

~~Box F4: Measuresto Sustain PositivoIfnpacts~~

RWRCP Planned Projects * O&M of I&D network * IWAM • WAM * O0M of 18Dnetwork * OFD * Newdrainage network * Groundwatermanagement * OFD * INM,IPM,weed control * Groundwatermanagement * .Effluenttreatment * WUAformathon * Provisionof drainage * WaterPricing * Infrastructuredevelopment such as roads, * INM,IPM, weed control training marketsand credit& inputfacilities * Avoidanceof locatingprojects near * 100%membership in WUA ecologicalsensitive areas * FarrnerstNGOtraining * Infrastructuredevelopment such as roads -,*- Watersupply and sanitation marketsand credit& inputfacilities

~~Box F5: Mitigation Measums~~

RWRCP Planned Project * Groundwatermanagement (control of over e IWAM exploitationof GW) * OFD * AgriculturalDrainage * Maintainin-stream 11ow requirements * O&Mof 18Dnetwork * INM,IPM, weed control * Eftluenttreatment * Water supply& sanitation * Community-health

~~A discussion for each of the measures is included in the SEA Report Volume 2.~~

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30,2000 PageF. 7 Tabil F.1 An Overview of Festures of Basin Group 5~~

S.No. in Features Valw Iefonnao Source 1 TotalCatchment area 17.750Km- 2 Tahal 5of dhe St.t aroa) 2 Diatricit Ama. ian2 % of BeainArea A~nor 968 6.1 Tahal Atwar 3,295 20.6 Chuu_ 11 0.1 Jaupur 3_ 20.6 Jhunjhurbu 2.360 14.8 _Nagaur = ___2 669 16.7 Sikar _ 3 374 211 3 Pouiation (Milllon) 1991 1995 2005 2015 Rural 3.2 3.5 4.3 4.9 Tdal Towns 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.3 Total 3.7 4.11 5.2 6.2 4 Totalcwturable ama 0.6Mha 9th Plan Avermaeirrgated amua 0.4 Miha 5 Totalnman annual auraco Wabr aoontlal(Mm iYr)3 397 9h Pian WUeed(Mm3hr) 73 Tahal * % Utilized 18 6 TotalGroundwa annualrecharoa fm3) 1006GWD. GOR * UWlieed(m 3hr) 1121 * % UWized 111 7 Total CCA (ha) Withb#in watbr Existinq 297ects34 Tahui OnaoinoProigecs 7163 ProlooedProiects 6329 Total 43.226 8 Aros Irrgted usin Groundwter (h) Existina _ 426 88VUtal Statastcs _In theVear 2015 lassu~ed) 397.773 9 WaterTransfma MmW'r o

10 'donri4rgationWaftr donand (MmrIvr 195 _____ Dom=stc 127 Tahal Ondustrial 5 Lvev 57 _Total| 189 Sources:1)TAHAL & WAPCOS.1998, Wabr R o PianniMfor Shekhawatiand Sabi Bauins 2) ProqectPreparabon Unit 3) Departmnotof lrngatn . GORPJaipur 1996.Report of the Woricnggup on Imgationfor The NinthFive Year Pbn (1997.2000) 4) GroundWater Depront, GOR.1999 GroundWar Resours 0f PAs (ImgationPoten0ai) as onJury 1998

Note: The valueshave been mpiled1trm vamoussourrs andad`opd, withbest judgement for this SEAstudy. Thertor thesevalues mray not beapproorate for designingdevoproent works(both RWRCP and planned pro~cts> wufln and ou~ide the respectivoCCAs.

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apr 30,20D0 PaoeF.8 TabbeF1.2: Bastn Group 5 Water Developmentupto year 2015~~

WaterDevelopment lrrlgation Rehabllltation Non-irrnlgaton O her WaterProjecta Prolects Prolecte Prolectb Rainfed Waterhed<'1 Evaporatlon Basin's WR WR OF OFDD RWRCP som.mticLlvestock Industrial Agriculture"' Dev. & SolI ponda SW GW Transfhr wlth PRFO& Urban Rural Thermal Other Conservatlon stagnant Command Non Import SSD SAIFT power water _ command Bodies

1. Rainfedagriculture is assumedas total areasultable for Irnlgalionminus the CanalCommand Area. 2 WalershedDevelopmen.l Program Constilute uplo 30%ilrTgaled area wilh lhe Individualblock (Panchayal Samílt) In the tXlh Plan.Presenl development l for 1996-98.Prolections based on 2,000halyr. 3 SambharLake

Sources: 1>TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998, Waler ResourcesPlanning for Shekhawaliand Sabi River Basin 2) GroundWater Department, GOR. 1999.Ground Waler Resourcesol Ralasthanlrrigalion Polential as on January1998 3) Walershed Developmentand Sog Conservation Department, Jaipur 4) Dírectorateof Agriculture,Rajaslhmn, 1998. Vltal AgriculturaStatisltks, 1997-98

Nole: The valueshave been compiledIrom varloussources and adopled, wilh besl iudgemenlfor this SEAstudy. Therefore these valuesmay not be approprlateFor designing development works (bothRWRCP and plannedprojects) wlthin andoutside the raspectiveCCAs.

~~SEAFinal Report - Volume3 Pago F.9 April 30, 2000 Table Fl.3: Sailent Features of Existing, Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Projects in Basin Group 5: Within Basin Resources~~

~~Status Ciass Completion No. of Pro>ecis FreD Uve Storage CCA Year Catchment Capacity~~

Arca km Mm3 ha ______Shekhawati River Sasin Existing Medium |_|_1 97 8 2,206 Minor . 58 993 49 12.455 Subtotal 1,090 57 14,661 Ongoing Minor 2000] 11 1,059 38 4.660 Proposed Minor 20101 5 2,043 15 3,204 Total _4_ __110_ 192 22,525 Sabi River Basin Existing Medium 1 3 348 43 7,392 Minor 10 50 1,454 47 7,681 Subtotal 1,802 90 15,073 Ongoina Minor |20002010 5 139 9 2,503 Proposed Minor 20101 14 13 11 3,125 Total 1,954 110 20,701 GrandTotal 6,146 220 43,226 CCA:Culturable Command Area MinorCCA < 2,000ha, Medium CCA 2,000-10,000 ha, Major CCA > 10,000ha Source:TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998, Water Resources Planning for Shekhawatand Sabi River Basins

~~SEA: FínalReport - Volume 3 April30, 2000 PageFi10 Sheet1 of 3~~

~~Table F2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions wlthin the Basin Group 5~~

S.No.| ExlstlngEnvironmental |Pna Iní ration Shekh ElBasin 1 Physical Demoaraphy(Million) 1991- 2.5.1999 - 3.4,2015 - 4.3 Topography 11.5221 nk2. Theeastem part is marnud by torain belongingto A cavalichin, flat alom Kanti&Mendha fivrs: towards west aíluvali an. Soils Tompsammentscaldonhids palortids, Tompsammrents,CambortNds caio~rtids. Geoiogy Mostly oa af windblown ri, utt gravei,pebblas and kal rJ o qutoary em pa of baminis o=~ wlh quarUItz,sches2, and stone and ioman aí protbvozicera.

LandFomis The off shootsAravab range In the diecion oi NE-SW.Rest namrw suc vdihy 61bdu wlthailuvium, pediment and sanddunes. LandUse 6.24,300ha under cuthvalon. WaterDístrinbution MainlyGW Irrigation. 2206 ba undermedium and 12455ha wunder noarinigto-n pnjecls sprinidersots - 13643.Iniaaíed by spdçinierm68215 ha lnmgationGrowth 4660ha wlil be roveredunder an gaingminor SW praioct and 3200ha wlil be under ftro SW minar "rolects. CroppingPattem Bazra(47%), wheat (19%), bariey (3%), qram (12%) 8 mustard(25%). Climate Tropicalseppo, sm-ad and ho. Mem annua[rarifel 476 umm,92% Ms dwingthe 10 mrr n m ^ Jnhdurne- Septebr. Reservors Nil 3 RiverWater Quantity SW availabilitvat 50%rababilltv 159.6 Mm vr. Draminvwater Cuantitv Groundwatertab.e Afluvialaquifer ground water oamur underphrenac as well as m r. cndions. Depthranges fram 10to 43 m. ln hardrock area 12to 23 m. Centraipart os~tm nin trend oí ground water lvis. Sedimentabon Siltaon is about355 m 3l/m 2/r. 2 Chumical RiverWater Quality Riverwdtr quaity varie greaay.Sadium ChiaNdo content varies 11 ppm in Khandel,77 pDnRuBnaar. 665 Dom in Kharian and 1395 pprn in Mendha. Res~rvorwater quality Sanbharlaco hlty variasfrn 2 ppt hi mosoon aso to 164ppt in Apdl(salinity a wate averages 35 pvt). GroundwaterQuality Gmenalíygaad, EC ves from 15 to 2.5 dSlm.Ner Sambharlo ad lu~ sw watar

SoiISalinity Abwu35,000 ha dueto srund waterinoation. SodSodicaty Asabovo Pointsource Pdlution Salt irndu51raround Sambhar la. 5 InduslrialaMas. Unrd sewageeffauont of 3.7 3 ______Mm Ivr from 17 clma ar towns Dlffusesource Poliutior Salinity& Sodicty duo to o~ wateri_ oni Fertbzeruse TotalNPK 18309 t: 13478 t (77k_m) N. 4830t<47kah) P,200t(1.0 k_ih) K_ Pestuideuse 59t (02 aha) of TGMk used. Weedkiller use _ Nil 3 Biological ___ DesertEnvironmnt I DrYsand dlIwth rahfall. Naturaldesert Flora Thny bumhes,b s rs. waxy wated fhy busheshike Caloçus. Crpa~s

______Balanitos, Conmniti~, Eptiedm & Salvdo. Endanered flora Nil DeseorFauna Junil~ cat hedehtio, skvYlabrhc,cobra & sandgrause. Conservaaionarcas Ni Lakes Sambharlake Wuldliie Jungle cat hedgehog,skybrks, mongoose,wild boar, gess, patridges,saes c Arachnidaand repfies. Forests.sg.km. Dry santeredfaresi :Reserve 203. Prot, c 545.Uncaas 6 Total754). Wetiands Smbhar lake.a salinowet land and good habiat for benftc iverebes, andflainaos Endangeredtauna Monitorlizard. Biodiversity Mesc to xencand aquatic pbant form a partof v~nedbiadivry d Imparanc. Medi _n. anestaocvalue. 4 Socio- Cultural Croç Yields. tlha azra 0.25. gaur seed 0.8 to 1.0, wheat 2.5 to 3.5, barey 1.5 to 2.5. gn 0.5X 1.0& mustard0.95. Foodfor WorkP"ogam NUl Landtenure Avorageuzo landM hoddg 3.58ba; Marginalfarmrns 24%, small 19%, modaum49% larme11%.

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Aprll30.2000 PageF.11 Sheet 2 of 3~~

~~Table F2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions within the Basin Group 5~~

S.No. ExkstJngEnvironmental sUne Infoton Conditions 2 Setement Pattem Popuabon densitv 2381km. towns & cdies 11. Quality of iife (1995-96) Total literacyrato 43.3%, decadal growth rate 32%. Elecbricity mnsumption1105.3 Mkwh.

Gender eguitv 927 women per 1000 men, mean age at mamage 15.3 yr., temale literacy rate 23%. People parciaepatonu Cooperativesodeties 985, NGOs 11. Tourism Very impa plothora of haveis & mansions dispby unuqueartect tyl nd wal .____ paintininswlc ae malaralon of tx~ss. Histoncal stlos Havelis 11, farta2 & temPies 2. NGO invervment 11 NGOs ndenus pooIe _Nil 5 Communtty Melth (ca«s rportd In 199) Maiana 14066;cas per 1000 - 5 Gastroeriteríits 26585: ca Per 1000 -9 JaundícalVral NHeatits 1196; casos per 1000- 0.4 Dianhoea/Dvsenterv 26160: css Pr 1000 - 9 Ty- 4894: cases per 1000 - 2 Sab Basin 1 P~hVl§ Demomraphy(Million) 1991 - 1.2,11999- 1.6, 2015- 2.0 Topography 4442 Wm2aha i NE of rtte. Th atem pat is mar by ai Ns and nrau oeists offelat sandv oin. Sois U>~fiuvonts,TOSarr s Tanp ert caad paleord, hlis and hüac~s

Gedoogy Quatemaryis mprosord by ahlviur and msidel Pmtroizoic is marked by ganito, phket. quarte and oss of Delhi grup. Land Fonms Uninterrusd olios d Aravali runmng NE-SW. The pedimnts are bund at he base _._hilis vdiie vaLteYpíains sk?r fiom su Ito north. Land Use 3.00,000ha under crultvation,abate 50% daube cropped. Water Distrbution Mainty ground wavr imiga~tn. 7392 ha undér rmedum SW prqects & 7680 under mnor - p~~~~roiectsSPmk st - 4204.tUkd by sprin,lders-21,020 ha. Imaation Gromw 2500 ha under aoang and 3125 ha under proposed minar p10roc Cropwng Pattem Bazra (47%),whaat <19%),gram 12%) & mustard (2.5%) CJimate Tropical ~spçe. m"id and hot Mean an basin rainfali is 616 rimm.Agro-d . _ 2Dltezo3A & 3B. Reservoirs Thme reserver of medium hTigabonproiets. 3 River Water Quantity SW 229.6 Mm Mr..at 50% aribabíty. Drain waterOuantity Grounowatertabie Ground war ocas ~nderphac condeleon.Depth ranges iror 7 to 20 m. Basin a ca ~gried as ovor explIod. 3 2 Sedimernation Sritan 142 m nm'/vr. 2 Chanmcal River Water Quality Nol known Reservcr water qwlity Notknawn Gvruwalar Quality Galy go o au e i s paía en NE EC rg frar 1.35 to 0.7e dSIm.C01<5O pomu. Unlit do~ldi wfter eu72% amae. Salinit & sodicty hi cw water rigated amas. Abat 60 ti Soil Salinitv _ Soil Sodiatw AS aa. Point source Poaueor Induz~ davemnt is high. Two Prm i a to,^. 15 industi amas. Untrmated sew_aaeefiluent of 0.9 MmIr trm 6 c~iesand towns. Diffuse source Pouleari lmrgalen wth poor quality d water. Nabonal hgh way 8 ay be possble source.

Fenrtilzeruse NPK 14834t; 11623t (77 kigh") N. 3011 t (47 kqalh)P, 199 t (1.0 kglha) K. Pestiide use 25.59t (0.2 ka) TGM used. Weed killer use Nii 3 SialoIcal Desert Environment Nii Natural desert Flora Nil Endanered flora Nil Desert Fauna Nil Conservabonaras Par of Saniskasanetuar: Bardod.Jodi an Mehla Cosed Arma. Lakes NNii Wdldfioe lnvertebratesto verbrates.

~~SEA: Final Repor - Volume 3 Apal 30.2000 PagoF.12 Sheet 3 of 3~~

~~Table F2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions wlthln the Basin Group 5~~

S.No. Ex4stlng Environmental Eéllre InformaUon Conditions Forests. sq.km. Anogeissus rmixeddeciduous forost :Raserve 368, Protected 281, Uncassified 4 (Total 649). Wetlands No Drommnentwet land, Endangered fauna Nil Biodiversity Rict in plant drversity with good number of plant speces of vared nature of medicnal and aesthetic value. 4 Saodo Cultural Crop Ymelds,tiha Bamr 0.8. wheat 3.4, gram 1.1 & rnustard 1.1. Food for Work Proaram Nil Land tenure Ave~ suzeof land holding 2.28 ha; marginal 30%. same 24%, modium 48% & large 4%.

Setlement Pattem Pooulaton df 294 /t,r. Duality of life Total literacy rato 45%, decadal aw rate 33%. Genderequity(1995-96) 891 wonen per 1000 men; mean age at ma ige15.7 yr.. & female litbracy 24.8%: ______.Electridtyconsumption 284.7 Mkwh. People partíapatlonr Copoerabvesocities 148. Tourism Not very important Historical sites Temples2 NGO involvement 14 NGOs Indiaenous _ 5 CammunntyHealth (cas ln 1997r Malana 10428 cases for 100 -8 Gastroenths 16236; cases for 1000 - 12 Jaundice 252; cases for 1000- 0.2 Diarrhoea 14361: cases 1or 1000 - 11 Typhoid 1630: cases for 1000 - 1.3 Source: See References

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Apnl 30. 2000 Page F.13 Sheel 1 d< 2~~

~~Table F31: Dusin Group 5 EMP: Impact Assessment MatrIx for RWRCP~~

RWRCPComponentz: Improved inigation maneaemenl and tranafer: Agíicultural lftensitcatlbn; Susbainable ground walta resource management RWRCPActivitles: Rahabilltatlon and modetn2lan oIlfO systemskh 2.023 ha: LfrUng ot canaisand waer courus (as n(eded):rehablftstion of atctuires; serk rondas;flow measurmen: rnoval o unauthorsedoullts; tetnodelin9oi ouilets;bormation ad Wi-A and Waler DIsIdbubon Commilltea. Srng ienhnnaguiculturt extension: *nd, brmer naFi rinin PRFO no SAT SNo. Envir~nmentl Potentialimpact 1 Ratngo Imp* for Significanc sureg to sulain liati Moasures Resldual Impcte Parametbr fscopel magnhtudeldtreclonr neutrl or posoivsImpadS for negativeimpct Ph ____k ___I _____J durstlonlreverslbHlty> [______dur_t_o_l_ _N 1 Damot.rs0h< No imr_ NO Negliglbie on a aector-wfde 2 Toi i' Land _ _m _v_m_nt Basln wilde/lowposRivealormI Irrevarible |_ basis 3 Soiis wler luofiai Rduced walertoaclno Local/ lowIposItivellong.eem/ revmibie O&Mof 110neta 4 Sos: OuatHv Increaaed fediity W_AM 5 Geoiav No impad Nil 8 Land Iorms 7 Land usa:haad end 8 Land use:middie Some k vment e IWAM, O&M ol lO netwodc 9 Landus: talt nd Chsnria framsina. to muRi-cano ___ 10 On-farmdev oçmenl~ imorovedlsnd levellna OiFD5IIva/ibno4ermrslbIO 11 Weltr distdbutionSystem Increasedsupply b taiiand: lncreased Loc ü iow/posative/ long.Inl revemibe IWAM,O&U 0( 111,0 netod rrI~ton et~lcvn 12 Dralnagesystem Imved draíinae LceitmdImalIve~lanW resble 13 kiedgaiio knendly Increase LoctrViewl poslvel ong-hmi revenibi 14 aOm wIoG 15 Cropv Intendht LtcaV ~ Dos~oev ba-eWbmkhr*tib 16 C ngpmftm n troÉ,cUonod hktvaiu to t LocaLVkowfd nslile revenibie 17 Clhuatb moitnpd Ni í8 Reserse 19 Surftc wsterquantly Some wnmeasa Locaowpobnç-eml nibie dewnstream 20 Iraln wer quantll Rcducedqusntlt Loca~ffiosivat miong CeuDbleM 1 ntuik 21 GW aquler Rechsrga Reducedrechatga LocdAow negativellong tsemrevrtsble Contral oi over expidoitaonet ______<3~~~~~0W~~~~~~~~~~~~~W. daçi monHou1na 22 GW deplin ohct NO 23 GW abbb re Lowar wateçtabu LoceV Iow/ posil iong-termI r*venb Conba of ov exploltabn d GW,GW depihmonHo"n9 24 Conlundve use ncrease 25 Eson Cbeaningod cenais, water coures & drins iasne-wldetmediumJpo~ eo-nnreverable O&Moi i& net.

26 Sedlmenioin 2 Chemcal 27 Surtecewatas qualty Rduced polutionfrom agroemeis LocaVbi posi long-nn raverbl NM; IPM;weed contd; nsibmentod downstream Industdeiand municipl fueta; wa 28 Orainwatar qualy Improvemenldue to INMI 1PM Locdmaedlum/pohllve ahort-imnnreversibme 29 Resr Wdter Qush No impeci NU 30 GW dMkkmnquei" 31 GW ibatilon qa9Oiv 32 Somlainltv 'Reductln h sollsalnlty - LocaU Iosiv~ lanatv svsi _ M_ 0610 n hv 33 Pohlnsoume on Noinpsct Nil 34 Dfuse suc polution __

~~SeoNote aI Sheet2~~

~~SEAkFhdl Rap~u. Volume 3 Paga F. 14 Ap 30 2000 Sheet 2 of 2~~

~~Tabia F3.1: Basin Group 5 EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for RWRCP~~

RWRCPComponentb: ImprovedIrrigation management and transfbr: AgriculturalInienslficadion; Sustalnabia ground water resourcemanagemont. RWRCPAcllvitbes: RehabilOtaffon and modemkzaono( ISD ayslemaIin 2.023 ha: Lining ol canais and water courses (os needed>:rehablteation of tructures;servIce nads;: iow mnasurament: rnmovai o unauthorisedoutleta: r*~ delrrgocouftila: iormallon o[ WIJAand Water Dlstuibutla Commliteo:Slre,.lhnlng agriculturaexrtenslon. and larmerIralninp lrough PRFOand SA.FT. ______S.No. Envrdonmentai PnteiDtial impac t Rattng 01 Impactd for Slgnifionc MeaItaab to sultal M-tigation Meeaures Residual Impacts Parameter (

35 Fertilizer usa Balanceduse LoceL/Iw/ neutral~ong-tem~reveraIble INM 3b Pesticideuse IPM 37 Weesikct use WVoedcontrat b trainina 3 _ 91010a iC8i______38 Consearntn araos No Impaci NO 39 WlldNfi 40 Forests 4 1 Endanaereditbra 42 LiikeslwaWerbodbs 43 8iodiverstI1 4 Socio.Cuitura_ 44 Cro vyled increasa LocaUlow/ oostivel tono-termlreversibla IWAM 45 Food for Worlcpmam No impact N 46 Land tenura 4 7 Seitimenl patlem 48 Ouaity oi Oif improvementhn socio-onomy, incase hn LocaVmediuml positivea long-temV teverslbba Infrestructuradevealpment such as medsa iarsacyraie, hcrasas hnpor capita one marketaand credit & nput tocilHas

49 Gendereeuty Improved*tatus of wom.en.creea lnsh oceVhihl positvealtong-tamV Irrevearibe ilteracy.moreparHiclpalion ti farmmngand decsion 50 Peopie paeticipaton increasedpartlcipaion through WUIA Loam hiighposlivel iong-terl reveribl Farmer training; 100% maerrhtp l WUA

51 Tourtm No Impact NO 52 Hisori tels 53 NGO increaaed10voivement Localtow& ~ rii tarm/lrraeVrutSf NGtr0Ira*r- 54 Indigenous Peopb No pv ct o~sais lh tibal aree NN 5 Corrmunity Heaith ______55 Diseases:uran INo impad_ 56 iseabes:rural Decrease n tlheIncidenca of matariaand LacaVbwl positivel iong-lann/ revesibie Water supply & saniteton talhar water raiaed diseases L 57 Diseases: Uvastoci INoimpad INii Nole: 1) Scope:Local: is withhi 1 km of lhe proposeddeveopmantatviy. basinwle winitihe basii #OO, aegional within Rajsthan 2>Magnitude: High meens>75%. medlum Ia between 50-75% ow hs25-50% and negilbia Is less lhan 25% 31Oiredion: Net positiveanegative or neutral impact 41Duraion: bngtarm la >10 years. mnedtum-lerm Is 2-10years. ahort - thmmis <2years 51Reversiblilty: Reversnie or irreversibie(posiltvo or negative) impacdb lhe resourte/populiaon (wlihtn a projectedtime tremo ot 15 yearm. 6) Paramelers requirng monitorlrfgand denoled <->

~~Page F f SEA FinalReport - Votume 3 April 30.2000 Sheel 1 013~~

~~Tabb F3.2: saIn Group 5 EMP: Irnpac Auuasument Matrix for Planned Projects~~

Planned Prolecth (Upto 2015): Irrlgatlon expanslon In 7.163 h1 (ongo9ngprolect«) new irrigatlon proleds In addltbonal8.329 bea waler d roeni lrr non-a ricmllur. 100 Mm3 (industry. domesh,icIivestock) SiNo. Environmantal Potantial impecta Ratina ol Impacta Meauu tob auet»ln Mltgatieonmeaouras Residual impacta parameter j (ac npelmagnitudatdireclloní durationl neutral or poestiva Impacta foi negata Impacta or beneflte Phy______'0 - _ mversibilltyi

1 Dmography Popul8lUonIncrease duw lo improved queaity 8asi wide lhigh flive flong lerm lrrversitbe IIncreasec agriculture outptl aí 110______lncreaeed watef eupply 2 Topoaraphy Landtrnoovement hi *ited area Local tilw JosmHive lerm /Irev r iblb envlonmerentalybeneficial. 3 Sols: Waleriogging Risa in GW level, and general watlrlogging Basin widcandium na~in hong-temv IWAM, OFO and suSed (o mnnlgationmeasunea in CCA reversibe Agricullural drainage being Implemnented

~~4 SontsCuality Improva Basin wlddmadlumepoaitlt/ iong-terrn versilbe IWAM~~

~~5 Géoioov No mct NO a ?andlorma______7 Land use: had end Rasnfedagricultura o dgated agrlure; 8asin widemedi~mpoiivlong-lem/reveralbe iWAM a 08M df 8 netwo Change ln cropn~g ptNemn 8 Land use: ndle~~

10 On-farmdu bend Increase LOc5i~mediunVosi~v ~fterm1irreveribe Ao bia OFD modWl 1t Watar dlstrlbuton systam Innreasain agriculturaand non-agrutural Basn widel high fPosvl ionglem irrever iblb OFD. IAM, O&M o# 10 demands. networ WUA. Waler Pulcing

~~12 Drsinage sytem Soma improvemenl. 8asin Nedemedtumlivertong-tennhrevarsblaNew drafiage neto~~

~~13 Irriqailon lntensity Increase Basin wide~mpdiuitJosIivong m /rmevarsbhi tAM.OM o f1O nItwo» .~~

14 ngatiofn Grwth Irrlgtion expanuson Bashnwldk high posiivel long-termflvrrvaraiba OFD, iAM. O&M of i1D ______nto~ . WUA 15 Cr~pçing lnienslty Inreased muHlipbecroppin9g asin wida~eJflipo5lt oflg-ternVirrevamlibte IWAM

1I CropçingPattem Intoductn od high vhlue r»ps aBsinwidalm.dim av tem~revarabl iWAM r7 Cmte Imrovemant possíble sIin w4 vd podNv ong-tenn/ trrf a ISa Reservir Mirima kmad NU it Surfacewalar qpanuty Raci cad isitrem flow Laiv towl trftIe I al revs.bl Mainta in-em ilow

~~20 Drshawater quentlty lnreased drahn Basanwtdarnedbn_-ten n/eversiSie~~

~~21 GW aqduer rechga" hread racharg Bsin wJdaIhmv-lan n/ nvbie oaM 01 Ine twd. MiWAM~~

~~22 GW depletion _ _ IWAM 23 0w labte Ritseo water labl 8esin wid)medhumn lat~ong-tmln verambie OM ot I&D no, oF~~

~~24 Conjuncriveuse Increase LoCaViceI positive/ long.tenrv revernsbie MonFti ol GW explatatior, _~ ~~ ~ ~~~~~~n __oemnÉ ______25 EroiOb Noi signiilant 26 Sedlaneatlton _ -______~~

~~See Note a#Sheel 3~~

~~SEA: Final port- Volume 3 Paga F1p 30.12t Sheet 2 o 3~~

~~Table F3.2: asin Group 5 EMP: Impact Asaessment Matrix for Planned Projecta~~

Planned Projecta (Upto 20151: trrigstion expansion ln 7,163 ha (ongoing projects); new Irrigatlionprojects in additional 68329ha; waler develo ment or non-agriculture prL 100 Mm3 (industry domestic. livestock S.No. Environmenta | Potential Impacts Rating 01 impacta measure to sustain Mitlgation measures Residual impacta parameter (ecopel magnitude/ dlrectiont durationr neutral or paslilve Impacta for negative Impacta ar beneflt r vernibllitv} 2 Chemical _ ____ 27 Surface waler quality Deteriorated In-stream and drain water iashn widel mediumt negatliv reversibie Malntain acceptabbewater downslrearn quafity;Increased industrial and domeslk quality INM IPM emuent effuent; and Increased pesticide use treatment and monHoring,i and enfo cenent *-

26 Drain water quality Delerioration due to lncreased egrfo Basin wlde/medimlinaatlreversible INM. IPM, Monlhoring* chemkals use 29 Ree~voir water quality Neaioible Nil 30 GW drinking quality lmproved GW quality. deterloration In Basin widel mediumt positive & mg ta long- Effluent treatment and industral areas term/ reversible enforcement ln industrial areas 31 GW irgation quality ImprovedGW quality Basin wldel medlurnl positive / long-tebn ______irreversible 32 Sol salinity Increased sou sainity ln CCA Basin widel mediur! no~ long-termf OFD, IWAM, O&M 01 &D reversible systems; provisbonod

33 Poíni source pollutlon Sorne Increase Localow ong tem/reversible Treatmnt dustrial ______~~efflumntand enforcernent 34 Difuse sourre potlution Untreated sewage effluen dhsposaiin riverm LocatmediunhafhraAong-tlenreversible Scwage eMuent treatrnent. canais and dralnage system: dbtertoration Monltoring ot effluent of surface WQ; and aquHer poilution and enforcement

~~35 Fertilizeruse Increased fertilizer use Basin wdelnmedlumlneutral! ong-lem¶treversíble INM~~

36 Pesficde use incressed pes~icideuse and hungkldes IPM 37 Weed kilbr use Increase Weedcontrol lraining 3 *lologlcal ______36 Conservation areas Minimal Impaci Local! tow/ neutral hng-termv Irreversibie Avoldence ot 0altingprojects _ Envlronmentaliy beneficial br near ecogieal sensIUv areas blodNversityand wiid Oife development. 39 Wildlife 40 Forests 41 Endanaeredilora 42 Lakes/water bodiel 43 Bodiverui_

~~See Nole ai Sheet 3~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Pago F 1 Aprli 30. 2000 Sheet3 o( 3~~

~~Table F3.2: Basin Group 5 EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for Planned Projects~~

PlannedProjecis (Uplo 2015>:Irrigalion expansion in 7.163ha (ongoingprojecis); new irrbgalionprojects In addilional6,329 ha; water deveto ment for non-agriculture prc ects 100 Mm3 (Industry.domestic, livestockM S No Environrnental Pútenllalimpactsl Ratingod Impacts Measuroto sustaln Mltigtlon measures Residual Impacts parameter (scopea magnitude/directlonl durationi neutralor positiveImpacts ampacts for negatlve or benellts .______. reversibillty) 4 Soclo-cultural 44 CropyieTd Increasein yieid Basinwidet hígh! posilihe/ Tong-lerml reversibie IWAM Socio-culturaibenefits and improvementln quality ol lfe. 45 Foodfor wo program No impact Nil 46 land lenure(land holding) Changesfrom drylandlo lrrigaledagriculture Basin wídel b0wl neutralt bong-termlirreversible

4? Seliementpattern Migralionfrom otherareas. Increase in 8asinwidel medium/ posinive/ Irreversible population density 48 Qualityod life ImprovemeniMn socTo-economy:increase In BasTnwidel highl posilivetbng-termt irreversible Inlrastructuredevelopment literacyrale. inrease ln per capitaIncome suchas roads.markets, credil t lnpul facililties 49 Genderequiiy Improvementin the slatusot women. BasTnwTdet higIr posilvel iong-lermitTreversible Increasen lilteracy,more paiticpallon ln larminaand declsionmakina 50 PeopTeparticipatlon ln eAstapes of proiectdevelopment atasinwidet hiabh postiv& $onq-termreversible 51 Tourism 'ncrease i.oca~iow/posilivenongterrnflrreversibie 52 Historicalsites Nol knownaí thisstage Requlreproject specdfic evaluatkon 53 NGO Increasedinvolvernenl Basinwide! mediumt neutraV bong-term/ reversible

54 Indioenous people Mhnmal hct _Local bowlneutra long-termflrrevenible 5 Co~munitv Heailh 55 Diseases:urban Reducedwater relaied diseases due lo Local/khwl Positívet iong-lernV reversible belter water supplv 56 Diseases:rural increasedwater bom díseases In project lowlmediumvwWga.mlaag ternireversible Ensurerural walersupply areas. andsanltalion; monltorlng dl water qualty;*

~~57 Diseases:livestock Reduceddiseases due lo behter Eocallbwt positivelbonT[emml Irreversible~~

Note: 1>Scope Local hswilhin 1 kmol lhe proposeddevelopmeni actlvly, basin-wideis wllhinlhe basinilselfl regional bs wilhin Rajasthtan 2) MagnuludeHigh means >75%Y medium is belween 50-75%,kw hs25.50% and neglgiblehs less than 25% 3>Diredion Nel posilive.negative or neulrallmpad 4>Duralion bong-lermIs >10years medium-lerm Is 2-10years shor - term is 2 years 51Reversibility: Reversible or kreveçsible(positivo or negatíve)impaci to lhe resourcelpopuialion(within a projededlime -trame ol 15 yean). * 6>Planned projecds would nol be lmplementedwlthin 25km od ecoioglcaltyand olherwise sensItive areas (Source: Goel. 1992) 7)Paramrelera equlring monilorlng and denoted

SEA FInalReport - Volune 3 PageF 18 Aprll 30,2000 t EGEMD r - HART'ANA4 DhItrIcI Heod Ouarters Pond HARYAN 8oundories ___ - Scole 1 1,500,000 stole, DistfIct. Rhrer Basin Conol. River, Proposed Conol .- ' Sorctuory. Closed Areo \ Archoeologlcol ErcovoUonsAHIstorIcoIStes n O*owo tourilt Sites. RelIqiou5 Ploce 9UNU Moior Conmrtnd Areo: E.IstIng. Pfoposed irrigotion Projec) MOior A A * Mediurn O)(O@_ Uoiu Note Comnnend Areo for Proposed Projecta hos been rmorked bosed on heogiven CCA in SWP 1998

~~SSotFJrh,orgos/ |R iver Bosins of Group 5 { 1 d)IShekhowoti /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~3 / {Sobl~~

~~sOurce: Map FimBasin Group 5 Development TAHAL (1998), MAF WRP2~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page F.19 April 30, 2000 CHURUDISTRICT 7C0 C4.v1OOGU O~~

~~N ~~~. ~PILANI~~

~~t < ^J~~~~~UrAJGArH | í1f -3URAJC°A<1 * HARYANA ~~~~~~ko JHtUNJçHUN Uo 0 sUTs5IDFL3AIN ,;_C.S~~

~~\ .F!AWALOARH4._- _1 \--' - e~~

~~,~IJHUNJHUN PH;~. EnDISTRICT:,-_y - ! __t_7 _~~

~~0 SIKAR~~

~~SUIZARD SKRDISTRICT 1 _ MEND-A FASIN~~

~~_J JAIPUR DISTRICT~~

~~76c~~

~~LEGFN0~~

~~TORRPSAMENTSCALCIOITHIOS PALEORTHIDS~~

~~l ~~~TORRIRS^ET5 CA"6ORTHIDSCALCIORTHIDS _.._» . . .. STATEBOUNDARY~~

~~DISTRICT BOUNDARY ~~~~~A85I#J BO:4VJARY~~

~~D1STRICTHEAD CUARTER~~

~~Map F2a: Soil Types Key Map of Shekhawati Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Shekhawati Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page F.20 April 30, 2000 L..~~~~~~~~~.O~~

~~U 1 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

~~::~* '~~

~~- f~~~A ~N~r A N,b A A S .S '~~

~~.i rLj I 7' IR CT T~~

~~27- 77 76~~

~~[IEGEND~~

~~[ w ~~~~~~~~U5TtFLUVEFJTS~~

~~TORRIPSAMMEW44T~~

~~TORRIPSAMfNTS CALCIORTIODS PALEORT.t,DS~~

~~HILLS AND IULLOCKS~~

~~. .:. ASHNBOUNDARY~~

~~---. _ '1ATEOOUl4DARY~~

~~- -- lISTRICT BOUND'rR'í~~

~~Map F2b: SoilTypes Key Map of Sabi Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for SabiBasin 7G6 CHURU DISTRICT~~

~~J ' A \_ 1L * HARYANA OUTSIE EAIN LA~~

~~JHUNJHUNU- oe~ SURAJGARH\.~~

~~s. ,, i oIc_ IlRAWA JHUNJHUNU DISTRICT-.-4.CiI_ A.A~~

~~JHUNJHUNU e 2_ -- _ : f __-~~

~~213 JA AUR ; "- ~ ~A. - -i-->i _%~28' -$ R ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~k~~

~~SKlAR t >z =Ge~~

~~SIKAR DISTRICT , V~~

~~MENDHA BASIN~~

~~I ~ ~~ ~~~ -, r~~

~~STATE AEOUNDARY DISTRllCT OuNDARY … …- _____ fJ~~~~~~~~~~~ASlNGOUFNDARY : ODSTRICTHEADOUARTER O RIVER7~~

~~LEGEND i;, -ke, Super-frnrup GFrou, Rock Typ~i Formaiac !11arl"r Ip.er AmXobenLbepmis. Wradbkbwn sen.. alitirai __ Aluv~rnanld sds. sl CIeYs.yf.vel. _ _ CoUdvrum pls. kankarcíc 3i0d~~

~~M lúMeo IJppli .,,w,vrplw- Pno íMhi BaralGrte Gínines, pepnuliluff . , lnlIlr,alslE. Inflfus.es anph~bolites,tsoílc D riperll~~

~~Aiwmr Quaznes.f hc CWWIOIrate5.mamnet[cK| h*n,c fhs '- -~~

~~Map F3a: Geological Key Map of Shekhawati Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS.1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for ShekhawatiBasin~~

~~SEA: FinalReport - Volume3 PageF.22 April 30, 2000 SCALE 1.000trOU~~

~~70 ~~HARYANA~~

~~J H U N J H U N U _vo.a_4XHRAA3- __ D I S T R I C T~~

~~26 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ q .- 26~~

~~S IK A R D IS T~~

~~; zwtC~~~~~~~ R~ D 1 S T R I C T~~

~~B A N A N/ G A B A S I N~~

~~J A I P U R D I S T RWI C T 's~~

~~27 ~~~~~~~~~7G 77~~

~~STATE B0UIMARY~~

~~DtSTRICT BOUNDARY LEGEND R VER~~

~~Era Age Super-GrrJup Gr~OFrma[me Rock Types QOtlern ry Sut>Recent AUunu Ak~ u Colluvlm, AUw~l nds, cbys kbnbr, g~wl to Recet eonDepo";s pebb*e, r,dluli tdiíscree 8 talus 26 ____B___, ______-t_~~

~~Upper Lower Pre- Post-Dehih Po IDehntn~ve Greit s, pegdites tamphboher,s , Prole~oo Cambzrtan to Intrustves etc. I« Upper Pre- `'' Cambnan~~

~~Mi»ek Mocdoe Pre- Dehi Aoegsrh S~hts, tek st~s, phytes i Proerozcec Cambntn mlrrte & quartzftes, go~eses >~~

~~AWar OUe s, e s,wes schts~~

~~R&~ D«olmies, rmortbs anoquert?1es _ _~~

~~Map F3: Geological Key Map of Sabi Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Sabi Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page F.23 April 30. 2000 C U R u D I S T R I C T~~

~~LEGENOD~~

~~' - DlSlRICT-- CTATE: t ) \ ;'> HMARYANA~~

~~alROCtmM11TC ZNES JMUNJMUWic . &V3< ..- t -~ ~~~mA~f GEMANODEDZONES ', 1e. OIAR VERCOUJRSES 2?' ~O as~mc NEDOUARTERS~~

~~D H U N J H U N Utt51t~~

~~F 5 \ \ 9 ~\ $f R |JI~~

~~,",^ '-< HE AT j5° "~~

~~° Lz~~~~~~~~~~~,'. , b V LiSH~~

~~S I K RA I T R 1 C~~

~~-~ ~ ~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~=ifl_ 2e~~

~~f - 5 d1 - t nA tANG ~~~ANGAGABASIN~~

~~N A UGA ] r jjX OLIS i tR " È _/I',3 g F~l ~ .~~

~~_ - dg à s J A I P U R 1 5 T R CI T~~

~~NAGA Ai J R o S T R I C T~~

~~Map F4a: AgroclimaticZones and Imgation DemandZones in ShekhawatiBasin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Shekhawati Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page F.24 April 30, 2000 HiARYANA~~

~~2r ______2er~~

~~JHUNJHUNUDISTRICT 1-~~

~~SIKAR,r'Z DISTRIC~ -~AB ^).:_2 > ~~~~~~LWARDISTRICT AI1~~

~~o~~~~~~~~~~o~~

~~JAIPU DISTRICTQ~~

~~B A N G A N G A 7 B A S 1 N~~

~~LEGEND~~

~~tGUNDARIES:~~

~~-} STATE DISTRICT~~

~~BASIN~~

~~AGROCLIMATC ZONES~~

~~IRRIGATIONDEMANO ZONES~~

~~MAIN RIVER COURSES~~

~~O DISTRICT EADOUARTERS~~

~~Map F4b: AgroclimaticZones and Irrigation DemandZones in SabiBasin~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for SabiBasin~~

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 PageF.25 April 30, 2000 LEGEND |ARÃNA.~~

~~t. l 0-lOrn,(bql) ~tScole 1 1,500,000~~

~~10- 20m,(bgl)~~

~~>20m.(b91) JH UNU~~

~~0~~~~~ AR~~

~~/ < 4 2d5J f ~~~~~~~~~~RiverBosins of Group 5_~~

~~J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~( / 1>Shekhowoti~~

~~Map F5 GQround Water Depth (Pre Monsoon 1998) of Basin Group 5 Source: Ground Woter Deportmen , Rojosthon~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volurme 3 Page t.26 April 30, 2000 _ LEGEND r x FARYANA Rise/Decine(ln rn) » {~~

~~E= to35 +7 > Scole~\> 1 1.500.000~~

~~J' O to -+3 __4 o to - 3 'C?UNU Wt ` P 1~~

~~EM-3 t/o'0- 5~~

~~,.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1Sh &owal SoofG /an up # Rr Bs o G~~

~~Sour~~~~~~XC4 # of/ BosinsR;e ofGroup 5~~

~~GroundWater ortrnent,Rot sthdn iDe Grou Finald Reporf-Voíume 3 Page F.27 April 30, 2000~~

~~SEA: Final Roport-Votume 3 Pago F.27 Arl3,20 ~~~~ ~~~LEGEND ~~< HARYANA Dlstrict Heod ouorters. Pond À - goundor;eg Scale 1 1.500,000~~

~~Stote, Dlistric. Rlver Basin -,- Conal. River, Proposed Conaol C.-..~~

~~Cotegory Sioge of De,liopment S - Sole less thon 707~~

~~SC - Semi Criticco 70 - 90%~~

~~C3| Ccol c . 11,a90- 100%~~

~~tIZi~ii•1E -Over Explolted Creotherhn10~~

~~River Bosins of Group 5 hek:h:3woti~~

~~Map F7 GroundWater Exploltatlonwlthln BasiniGroup 5, 1998 Source: Cround woter Depor tmnent, Rajosthan~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volumeo 3 Pg F28April 30, 2000 C H U R U DI S TRICT --~~

~~Iz. 9 SARYANA~~

~~20~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 S~~~~rE~~

~~q&/~~

~~i>4F ODI5 T R i C T 200_ WATE8TA8E CO~~

~~l g G,g, Èi t 2000 --- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~SAL#4?TeR~~

~~Map F8a: GroundwaterLevels and Salinities in ShekhawatiBasin~~

~~Source: TAHAL 8 WAPCOS, 1998. WaterResources Planning for ShekhawatiBasin~~

~~SEA Final Reorot - Volume 3 PaoeF.29 Ar,ril 30 2000 q760 IHARYANA <~~

~~IHIUNJIUUNUDISTRJlT~~

~~SIA R A C I~~

~~JATPURDIS I«~~

~~B A-S 1 N~~

~~LEGENO~~

~~8OUNDAftIE: ~~---- STATE: DISTRICT~~

~~-' KEYWELLS 32D- WATERTA8LECONTOURS 2000 SALINITYCONPTOURS~~

~~| MAINRIVER COURSES~~

~~O DISTRICTHEADOUARTERS~~

~~Map F8b: GroundwaterLevels and Salinities in Sabi Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning tor SabiBasin LEGENDf _1FHARYANA~~

~~EC (dS/m) Scole 1: 1.500,000 <4 IILI 4-8 8_ nJ H UN~~

~~] >8~~

~~River Bosins of Group 5 |D 1Shekhowati~~

~~Source:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~D1Sb~~

~~Source D Map F8.1 ' Salinity in Ground Water of Basin Group 5 GroundWoter Deportment,Rojosthan 2~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page F.31 April 30, 2000 r (~~

~~Npz.,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2~~

~~'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~STATE OISTCT~~

~~De~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~aon _n o5Nam.J LEGND FO PCTENTLAI. .~S ~»ON POTENTAL.Z_S~~

~~M&LS ANOV%LLOCNZ~~

~~GROUftO_Ti UDTEP DV'A - ` 4~~

~~W4t< GmOWOWTE SÃLINfly~~

~~SN RIVEA COURIES /)g-< F O _T.4EADOUARIMO 5~~

~~Map Fga: Groundwater Key Map of Shekhawati Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPOQS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Shekhawati Basin~~

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume3 Page F.32 April 30, 2000 * -1~~

~~-~~~~~~ ~~HAR'~NA~~

~~5~~~~~~~~~~~~~S^E 11200~~

~~JHJNJHUNUDISTRIC~~

~~t D H A ~~~~~~~~~~~DS* CT~~

~~SIKARDISTRICT "~~

~~JAIPURDISTRICT~~

~~B A N G A N G A R A S 1 Nl~~

~~LEGEND~~

~~80UNDARIES ' STATE:DISTRICT~~

~~BASIN~~

~~C ) POTENTIÃLZONES AND NONPOTENTLAL ZONES HILLSAND HILLOCKs EXTREUEGROUNW«TER OVERDRAFT r.ROUNDWATERUNFrT FDR DRINKING (A~d te PHED)~~

~~- - HIGHGROUNDWATER SALUNITY~~

~~AR1FICIALRECKARGE POSSIBILmES MAINRIVER COURSES~~

~~O DISTRICTHEADOUARTERS~~

~~Map F9b: GroundwaterKey Map of Sabi Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for Sabi Basin~~

~~SEA-Final ReDort- Volume3 Page F.33 April 30, 2000 LEGEND HARYANA DistrIct Heod Ouort rs, Pond Soundarles 1 Stole. Dístrict, Rlv r Bosin - Scale 1 1,500.000 Canal. River. Proposed Canal~~

~~Prolected Area IICiIraowa Closed Areo i f JH UNU Plonned ProJ,ct Major Medium~~

~~Forget Area A o~~

~~Note:- Prolected & Closed areos ore not lo oede~~

~~0 < 2 / nOhor0rr |River Bosins of Group 5 /b| Shekhoawti~~

~~Map FIO Forest Areas & Protected areas relative to Planned Se- , (u"8) a C~O (itei) _ Projects In Basin Group 6~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page F.34 Aprll 30, 2000 SECTIONG~~

~~BASINGROUP 6 EMP (RUPARAIL,BANGANGA, GAMBHIR & PARBATI)~~

~~BASIN GROUP 6~~

1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION...... G.1 1.1 Basin Features...... G.1 1.2 Water DevelopmentProjects ...... G.1 1.2.1 Presentand planned projects...... G.1 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities...... G.1 1.2.3 Non- irrigationdevelopment projects ...... G.2 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW ...... G.2 2.1 Physical Environment...... G.2 2.2 Chemical Environment...... G.5 2.3 Biolog icalE nvironment...... G. 2.4 Social and Cultural Environment...... G.7 2.5 Community HeaKthEnvironment ...... G.7 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... G.8 3.1 General...... G.8 3.2 lmpacts Specificto the Group 6 Basin...... G.8 3.2.1 RWRCP...... G.8 3.2.2 Plannedprojects ...... G.8 4.0 MITIGATIONPLAN ...... G.8

~~UST OF BOXES~~

Box Gl: Basin Group 6 RWRCP (ha) ...... G.1 Box G2: SainthalSagar Medium lrrigation Project...... G.2 Box G3: Parwati Major l rrigationProject ...... G.2 Box G4: Land Use (ha) ...... G.3 Box G5: CroppingPattem and Crop Yields...... G.4 Box G6: Measure to SustainPositive lmpacts ...... G.9 Box G7: Mitigation Measures...... G.9

~~LJST OF TABLES~~

Table G1 1: An Overview of Featuresof Basin Group 6 ...... G.10 Table Gl.2: Basin Group 6 Water Developmentupto year 2015 ...... G.11 Table Gl.3: Saline Featuresof Existing, On-goingand ProposedSurface Water Project in Basin Group 6: Within Basin Resources. G.12 Table Gl.3.1: Salient Featuresof Existing, On-goingand ProposedSurface Water Projects in Basin Group 6: With lmports from Yamuna . G.12 Table Gl.4: RecommendedImproverment, Modification and Development Woriçsin Major and Medium lmgation Projects in Basin Group 6 ...... G.13 Table G2.1: Existing EnvironmentalCondition Within the BasinGroup 6 ...... G.14 Table G3.1: Basin Group 6 EMP: ImpactAssessment Matrix for RWRCP ...... G.19 Table G3.2: Basin Group 6 EMP: Impact AssessmentMatrix for Planned Projects ...... G.21

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume3 Apnl 30,2000 Page G. i LIST OF MAPS~~

Map Gl: Basin Group 6 Development...... G.24 Map G2a : Soil Types Key Map of Ruparail Basin...... G.25 Map G2b: Soil Types Key Map of BangangaBasin ...... G.26 Map G2c: Soil Types Key Map of Gambhir Basin...... G.27 Map G2d: Soil Types Key Map of Parbati Basin...... G.28 Map G3a: Geological Key Map of Ruparail Basin ...... G.29 Map G3b: Geological Key Map of BangangaBasin ...... G.30 Map G3c: Geological Key Map of GambhirBasin ...... G.31 Map G3d : Geological Key Map of Parbati Basin ...... G.32 Map G4a: Agro-dimatic Zones and Irrigation Demad Zones in Ruparail Basin ...... G.33 Map G4b: Agro-climatic Zones and lrrigation DemandZones in Banganga Basin...... G.34 Map G4c: Agro-climatic Zones and Irrigation DemadZones in Gambhir and Parbati Basins..... G.35 Map G5: GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon1998) of Basin Group 6...... G.36 Map G6: Change in GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon 1984 & 1998) of Basin Group 6 ...... G.37 Map G7: GroundwaterExploitation within Basin Group 6, 1998...... G.38 Map G8a: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinities in Ruparail Basin...... G.39 Map G8b: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinities in BangangaBasin ...... G.40 Map G8c: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinities in Gambhir and Parbati Basins...... G.41 Map G8.1: Salinity in Groundwaterof Basin Group 6...... G.42 Map G9a: GroundwaterKey Map of Ruparail Basin...... G.43 Map G9b: GroundwaterKey Map of BangangaBasin ...... G.44 Map G9c: GroundwaterKey Map of Gambhir and Parbati Basins...... G.45 Map Glo: Forest Arcas and ProtectedAreas Relative to Planned Projects in Group 6 Basin ....G.46

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30. 2000 PageG. ii SECTIONG BASINGROUP 6 (RUPARAIL,BANGANGA, GAMBHIR AND PARBATI BASIN)~~

~~1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION~~

~~1.1 BasinFeatures~~

The 3asinGroup 6 is madeup of 4 eastemriver basinsof Rajasthan.These are Ruparail, Banganga,Gambhir and Parbati. The Ruparailand Bangangarver basinsdrain into the eastemplains, which are flat and lacka distinctdrainage for bothsurface and groundwater. Lackof effectiveoutiet, combined with the fact that the two adjacentdvers of Ruparailand Bangangadrain into eastem plains of Banganga-Basin, cause extensive flooding problems in yearsof abundantrains. Lack of groundwaterflow is evidentby groundwatersalinity in parts of eastemplains. The Gambhirand Parbati rivers in the southdrains into Chambalriver. The groupof basinscovers a total catchmentarca of 1.96Mha occupying6% of the state.The catchmentarca is spreadin 6 districtsnamely Ahvar, Bharatpur, Dausa, Dholpur, Jaipur and Sawai Madhopur.The Sabi and Banasbasins in the west, Haryanaand ULtarPradesh bordersin the northand east and Chambal Basin in the southbound the BasinGroup 6. An overviewof the basinis givenin TableGl.1.

~~1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects~~

~~1.2.1 Plannedprojects~~

lhe presentand projectedscenario of irrigationand non-irrigationprojects in the basinare givenin TableGi.2 andMap Gl. Theseinclude 337 existingprojects with a CCAof 0.241 Mhaand the ongoingand proposed projects, including with the importof Yamunawater. The overalidevelopment of plannedprojects is projectedto increasefrom about0.241 Mha to 0.467Mha (Tabie G1.3 and G1.3.1).

~~Two mediumprojects are proposedin Parbatibasin: Afialpur medium project to irrigatea CCAof 2025ha; and lower Parbati, on Parbatiriver, to irrigate7,937 ha.~~

~~The importedwater fromYamuna rver is proposedto inigate188,100 ha in Bangangabasin andto meetthe demandof dnnkingwater in BharatpurDistrict. 2.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities~~

The RWRCPcomponents (PRFO and SAIFT) are aimedat rehabilitationand modemization of existingirrigation systems that have low overali projecdefficiency. The CCA of the proposedRWRCP projects is 50,830ha (BoxGi) locatedin lhe five districtsAlwar, Dausa, SawaiMadhopur, Bharatpur and Dholpur (Map Gl andTable Gi.4).

~~Box G1:Basin Group 6 RWRCP(ha) * Onemajor projects 24,677 o Six mediumproJects 22,626 * Twominor projects 3,527~~

At lhe time of thisstudy, RWRCP proposal for onemedium project was prepared by the PPU (Box G2). Inforrnationrelating to the proposedRWRCP components for Parwatimajor imgationproject is presentedin Box G3. Proposaisfor the otherprojects wouid have to be preparedupon World Bank approving the overall RWRCP. SEA: FinalRepon - Volume3 Apul 30, 2000 PageG. 1 1.2.3 Non-irrgation development projects

~~The SWP projected a 45% increasein the annual water demands for dormestic,livestock and industrial use in the next frfteen years~~

~~2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASEUJNE OVERVIEW~~

~~The existing environmental conditions within the Basin Group 6 are summarized in Table G2.1.~~

~~2.1 PhysicalEnvironment~~

Demography:According to 1991 census,the populationof this BasinGroup 6 was 5.3 million(rural 83%). The 1999population is 6.0 million.The forecastfor the year 2015, as estimated at 8.8 million, an increaseof about 66 percent.

~~EloxG2: Sainthial Sagar Medium Imdgation Project\~~

1Lcation DausaDistrict\ 2 Yearof Construction 1898\ 3 Livestorage capacity, Mm3/yr 13 4 CCA,ha 3,267 5 CCAproposed for RWRCP,ha 3,267 6 Actualimgated area, ha 988 7 lmgationlntensity, % 60 8 PresentProject Efficiency, % 15 9 Projectedlmgation Efficiency, % 50 10 Rehabilitationand modemization * Strengtheningof canalbanks * Liningof main canalin vuinerablereaches * Upgradationof exisbngcanal structures * Constructionof new minors * Repairof serviceroad 11 ProposedWater User Associations 12 12 Problemsperceived by farmers * Tail enddeprived of imgationsupply * No properdistribution of waterand unauthorzedlifts * Supplyof imgabonwater is inadequateand erratbc * Wastageof waterdue to seepage * No newbndges constructed and repairof damagedbridg needed * Maintenanceis neglected

~~Source:PPU, 1999.~~

~~Box G3: Parwa~Major Inigation Project~~

~~1 Location DholpurDistrict 2 Yearof Construction 1963 3 Live storagecapacity, Mm'lyr 103 4 CCA,ha 24,677 5 CCAproposed for RWRCP,ha 24,6 7~~

~~Source: PPU, 1999.~~

SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April30, 2000 PageG. 2 Soils: Ustifluvents occupy the major part of the catchmentof Basin Group 6 (Map G2a to G2d). The other soil types are Ustochrepts,Hilis and hillocks, Haplustalfs and Chromusterts Pellusterts in the same decreasing order. Majority of the soils belong to soils of younger alluvial plain and are pale brown in colour and sandy loam to loam in texture. The soils are deep to very deep, well drained,moderately permeable,none to slightiy water eroded. They are low in organic cartion and mediumto high in available potassium.The micronutrient levei of these soils is adequate for crop requirements.The underlying layer is composed of fine loamy layer mixed with gravel. The problem of salinitylsodicity is wide spread due to waterloggingin low-lying areas.

Geology: Major portion of Basin Group 6 is covered with quatemaryera aliuvial deposits of sands, clays, gravel, pebblesand wind blownsands. The geoiogy and aquifer features in the basin (Map G3a to G3d) are:

. ln Alwar, Bharatpur, Dausa and Dholpur districts, recent to sub-recent alluvium, coliuvium and aeoliandeposits of quatemaryera. ln SawaiMadhopur district, the middie to lower Proterozoicsdirectly overiliethe Bhiiwara super group. The rock types are granites, gneisses, schists, migmatites and amphibolites.

~~Land forms: Aliuvial plains are extensively developedin these basins. The landforms apart from the aliuvial plain compriseof structuralhilis and erosionalvalleys.~~

• RuparailBasin: Structuralhilis are part of Aravalihilis runningmosUy parallei tlo the regional northeast-southwestAravali stike. The maximumelevation is about722 m amsl, droppingto about455 m amsl. Ruparailand itstilbutaries carved out a numberof nanmwand moderately broad valleysbetween the hilis. Eastof the Aravali hilis is a large centralplain, genly sioping to undulating,of an averageelevation of 250 to 300 m amsl. The plain is parUyfluvial aliuviumcovered with sand,sand hummocks and stabilsedor shiftingsand dunes.

• Banganga Basin: The hilly terrain on both sides of the river and intermediate, low lying, usually flat, regolith and soil covered, weathered basement outcrops between the hilly terrain and the aliuvial plains.

• Gambhir & Parbati Basins: Vindhyan SandstonePlateau dominatesthese two basins apart from structural hilis and aliuvium. The Vindhyan Plateau, in the south and southwest,has flat to moderatelyrolling hilly terrain with almost no soil or alluvial cover.

Land use: Out of total land arca of 1.961 Mha of the Basins, an armaof 1.26 Mha (64 percent) is consideredsuitable for irrigation. Of this arca, some 0.229 Mha or 18 percent are under the existing irrigationprojects. The broad breakdownof the cultivated land in the basin is given in Box G4:

~~Box G4: Land Use (tia)~~

~~• Kharif 80,DOO * Rabi 490.000 * DoubleCropped 410,000 * Fallow 100,000 * Total 1, 080,000 Source:TAHAL (1998)~~

Climate: The climate of the basins has been classified as tropical steppt., arid and hot. The mean annual rainfall varies from 638 mm in Parbati basin in the south to 576 mm in Ruparail basin in the north. The day maximum and minimum temperatures in the basins vary from

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume3 April 30, 2000 PageG. 3 about 42°C in the summer to about 22°C during winter. The basins are coveredby the followingtwo agro-climatic zones (Map G4a to G4c).~~

* Zone1II A Semi-arideastem plain. • Zone1I1 B Floodprone eastem plain.

Water Distribution: The surfacewater potential has been estimatedas 1412Mm 3/yr. About 746 Mm3/yris plannedto be utilisedin theseBasins from the Rajasthan'sshare of Yamuna water. Within the Basin Group 6, 6 Mm3/yr is receivedfrom Gambhirto Bangangafor drinking water to Bharatpurcity and about 56 Mm31yr is transferredfrom Ruparail to Ban angafrom Sikri Bundfor inigation.The annualrecharge to groundwateris about 1625 Mm Iyr.

Irrigation Growth: Very littie growthis possiblefrom within the water resourcesof the basins.About 25,000 ha will be addedto the irrigatedarea wlth the ongoingand proposed projects.About 188,100ha are plannedto be put underirrigation with importsftm Yamuna river.

~~Cropping pattem and crop yields: The majorcrops of the basinsare givenin Box G5:~~

Box G5: CroppingPattem and CmopYields CropJSeason %Cropped Yield (lha) Kharif Bajra 33.3 1.0 Pulses 2.3 0.3 Jowar 4.0 0.6 Maize 1.2 1.2 Others 59.2 Rabi Gram 11.9 1.0 Mustard 49.8 1.0 Wheat 31.2 3.3 Barley 2.1 2.4 sxOthers ã.0

~~Systemrehabilitation and modemizationactivities of RWRCPcould resuKt in changesin the croppingpanem and a generalincrease in yields.~~

~~Reservoirs: There are twenty six reservoirscreated by the major, medium and minor irrigationprojects (Table Gl.3).~~

~~River water quantity: The total annualsurface yield has been estimatedin SWP for the BasinGroup 6 as 1412Mm 3 , at 50%dependability.~~

~~Drain water quantity: There are no outfalis for Ruparail and Bangangarivers. They terminatenear Bharatpur in irrigationbunds constructed to provideinundation imgation.~~

~~Flooding: The frequencyof floodingevents in Bangangariver basin is once in 3-4 years causingheavy flood damages to agrculturalland and habitations,roads and other structures.~~

Groundwatertable: Groundwatermostly occurs in watertable (phreatic)conditions in both unconsolidatedand hardrocks. The watertable depthvaries upto 30m bgl (MapG5). During 1984to 1998there was a significantdecline in watertable almostin the entireBasin Group 6 (MapG6). As welI, nearlyali the westemhalf of the basinhas experiencedover exploitation and/orsemi-critical to criticalstages of development(Map G7).

SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30,2000 PageG. 4 Water Use: The 1995water use and projectionsupto 2015 are given in Table G1.1 and G1.2.The total wateruse of 2212Mm 3Iyr during1995 is projectedto reduceto 2747 Mm31yr up to the year2015. The non-irigationdemand is about12% of thetotal demand.

Sedimentation:TAHAL (1998) estimated siltation rates on the basisof data from existing reservoirsin the basin,as well as informationon silt load observationsat river gaugingsites, maintainedby CWCand ID. It is assumedthat 55%of the incomingsilt will be in the live storageand 45% in the deadstorage. The estimatedsul load valuesfor BasinGroup 6 were 475 to 170 m3/km21year.The reductionin the live storagecapacity over the yearswas less than one percentper year of silt depositedin the reservoirs.As the irrigationdams were designedfor a 100year life expectancy,the slt load in the basinis consideredbow.

~~2.2 ChemicalEnvironment~~

River water quality: The municipalwaste, part of sewageand industrialeffiuent from Haryanaand Delhi are dischargedinto Yamunariver. The CPCB has establishedwater qualitymonitonng stations on Yamunariver uJsand d/s of Delhiand at Okhla,the off-taking pointof Agracanal and on the Agracanal Itselif. Accordingto the CPCBbiological criteria for water qualityclassification of rivers (Annexure 4.3, Volume2), the upstreamstretch of Yamunarver from Wazirabadto Okhlabarrage is classifiedunder Category E, severelypolluted ( Figure4.3, Volume2). As such,the qualityof Gurgaoncanal imported from Yamunais subjectto significantvariations The averagesalinity of wateris 0.5to 0.7dSlm, and, the BODin the range15.7 - 32.8mg/l which is muchhigher thanthe permissiblelimit of 2-3 mg/lfor drinkingwater. ReservoirWater quality: The Total SolubleSalt (TSS) contentof Ramgarhreservoir is reported to be 0.2 dS/m. ln some months,the BOD leveis (6 mgIl in August1993) were higherthan permissiblelimits (2-3 mg/l)as monitoredby SPCB;DO leveiswere aiso lower than permissiblelimits (6-4 mg/l) for drinking water. The water needs treatmentand disinfectionbefore supply to Jaipurcity. The quality of Keoladeolake is variable,with saft concentrationfrom 0.3to 5.2dS/m.

Groundwaterquality: Groundwateris usedfor inigationas well as non-irrigationpurpose. The qualityof groundwateris highlyvariable, ranging from 1 to 8 dSim(Map G8a to G8cand G8.1).The eastemplains have mostlysaline groundwater. Paroani basin has good quality groundwater.Groundwater is not suitabiefor drinkingin about55% area of Ruparailand Bangangabasins, and in 15% area of Parbati Basin. ln patchesof Gambhirbasin, the groundwateris notfnt for drinking(Map G9a to G9c).

Soil salinity, sodicity and soil quality: Thesalinity in soil andgroundwater is quite hlgh.An areaof about99,000 ha hadsalinity (Dept Agri 1969).Intensive cropping, inadequate use of organicmatter and inappropriateuse of fertilizersparticularny in imrigatedarmas may leadto soil degradationdue to sustainedremoval of nutrients.Discussions with soil scientistsand agronomistsfrom AgricultureDepartment and RajasthanAgricultural University identified that potashstatus showed a decliningtrend, while zinc, iron, manganeseand copper deficiencywas increasing.The averagegrain yield of irrigatedcrops such as wheat,gram andmustard are found10 to 50 percenthigher over non-imgated crops (199648) in diferent districtsin the basinindicating an overallmaintenance andior enhancementin soil fertility underirrigated conditions.

Point source pollution: Industrialeffluent, municipal waste includingsewage effluent, over use of fertilizersand pestícidesare the majorsources of pollution.In Group6 EMP basin, Alwarand Khushkheraare the 21 primeindustrial towns in the state. Upto1988, RIICO has set up 5 industrialareas in Alwar,4 in Dholpur,6 in Dausaand 4 in Karoulidistricts (Map 4.10,Volume 2). SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apil 30,2000 PageG. 5 There are 25 cities or towns ín Basin Group 6 discharginguntreated effluent mostly 10 surfacestreams. None of the townsin the basinhave sewagetreatment plants (Map4.11, Volume 2). The industrial developmentaround Aiwar city and along NHB are of environmentalconcem. In Aiwar,the surfacewater and air are pronefor pollutiondue to chemicalindustries.

MatsyaIndustrial Arca (MIA):The MIAis situatedin Alwardistnct which is endowedwlth a variety of minerais,most of whichare non-metallic,and it is the most developedindustrial regionsof the state. It has about 500 industriesof ali types. Out of the 213 functional industrialunits of concemin the MIA complex,about 42% causermwmum pollution(red category)and 56%are in the mediumpoilutant category (orange) such as: metal refining, forging, ceramics,chemicais, textiles, distilleries, cement, oil-extraction etc. Nearly ali the industriesof MIA have effluent treatmentplants (ETP) and they apparentlyfollow the pollutionnorms of SPCB.

Dlffuse source of pollution: Sewagedisposal into rivers and lts reuse for irngationand agriculturalrun-off to surfacewaters cause land quality deteríoration.Salinity build up and shallowaquifer pollution is occurringin all lhe areasof the basinsto an unspecifiedextent. .Data are notavailable to quantifythe magnitudeand extent of suchpollution.

Fertlizer use: Fertilizeruse is belowthe use in the state in 1997-98.The averageannual fertilízeruse in the total «opped ama(irrigated and unimigated)during 1997-98 (in the form of nutrients,kglha) in differentdistrids in the basin(Map 4.12, Volume2) is foundto range from 50to 75 kgtha.Assuming, that farmersapply fertilizer only in irrigatedarmas, the rate of applicationranges from 87 to 140 kglha, minimumbeing in Jaipur and maximum in Bharatpur.Discussions with State AgricultureDepartment and RAU reveal that up to 200 kglhaof fertilizeruse ( in the formnof nutrients)annually is consideredsafe and wouidnot haveadverse residual impact. Pesticide use: The pesticideconsumption in the basinduring 1997-98(as per TGM) has beenin the rangeof 0.07to 0.35kg/ha (Map 4.13, Volume 2). The limitedstudies conducted during 1991-99at RAU ResearchStation Durgapura (Jaipur) showed residual impact on vegetables.Water quality monitoringfrom agriculturalrunoff with regard to pesticides contentdoes not exist.( Annexure11.8, Volume 2).

~~Z.3 BiologícalEnvironment~~

Biodiversity: BiodiversHyin BasinGroup 6 is very significant.Over 12000wild speciesof flora and over 5000wild speciesof faunaare foundin this area.Many species of plantsas well as animaisare believedto be endemic.A greatrange of medicinalplants and shrubs are found. In the caseof faunaendemism is high amonggroups like reptilesand aves as well as invertebratesand insects.

Endangeredflora: Currentlyat least3 percentof the recordedwild flora in Ruparailbasin and an approximatelylarge fractionof wild fauna are on the threatenedlist, and on the borderof extinction.Among trees, the most importantspecies Chandan (Santalum album) andKadamb (Anthocephalus indicus) are on the vergeof extincion.

~~Endangeredfauna: Many speciesof mammaissuch as tiger, leopard and four-homed antelope(Tetracerus quadricomis) are threatenedspecies. It is reportedthat the BasinGroup 6 haslost about70% of its forest.~~

~~Ecologically sensitive armas:The BasinGroup 6 has two NationalParks. Keoladeoand Sanska,4 sanctuariesand one closedama.~~

SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apunl30. 2000 PageG. 6 Keoladeo National Park: This park is designated as Ramsar site on account of it's intemational importance, which is established in 1981 on the basis of ecological, botanical, zoological, limnological or hydrological criteria. Since 1985, the Park has also been recognized as a Worid Heritage Site under the World Heritage Slte Convention, thus being the only wetiand in India to be designated under both conventions(WWF-lndia, 1992)

• Bandh Baretha: This conservation arca provides habitat for natural vegetation like Dhok, Ber, Ghatbor, Kherji and Semal. This sanctuary often provides a second home to the water birds of Bharatpur. The stone quarries around the area are spoiling the watershed.

* Sariska National Park: The present condition of vegetation and wild life in Sariska National Park is poor. Forestsfound here are deciduous in nature and are under semi- arid category receiving an average rainfali of about 575 mm. Most trees have shrub like appearancewith low height, small leaves and thomy branchesand stems, typical of desert vegetation.

~~Lakes: Silliserh, Talebi Shahi Tank and Mach Kund are the lakes in these basins. Keoladeo National Park is the lonely wet land.~~

~~Forest Area: The Basins have a forest area spreaded in about 29,000 ha under dlfferent categories(reserved, protected and unclassified)which is 1.4% of the total catchmentarma of the basin.~~

None of the planned projectsappearto be in the dose vicinity of forests (Map G10). Projects proposed to be located within 10 krm of the boundary of reserved fomsts or a designated ecologically sensitive area, or within 25 km of the boundary of National park or sanctuary will require environmental clearancefrom the Central Govemment.

~~2.4 Social and Cultural Environment~~

Population: About 83% populationis rural contained in 6,425 viliages and about 17% in the 34 towns scattered in the basin arma.There is 32% scheduled caste and scheduied tribe population in the Basinsas against30% in the state.

Settiement: Populationdensity in Basin Group 6 is 280 persons per square kilometer. Wide variation exists in populationdensity from 179 in Sawai Madhopurdistdct to 326 persons per square km in Bharatpurdistrict.

Gender Equity: tn the Basin, there are 857 women for 1000 men. The female literacy rate is 20%, which is similar to the state's average. The mean age at marriage is 16 years, which is an impediment to educationand development of women.

~~People Participation: There are 3.245 cooperativesocieties & 17 NGOs in the Basin.~~

2.5 Community Health Environment Malana, gastroenteritis and diarrhea show a high rate of incidence in Basin Group 6 with reported cases of 30, 37 and 36 per 1000 persons in 1997. Poor quality and contaminated drinking water and poor drainage conditions provide the opportunity for such high rate of incidence and reduce the workability of those infected as well as reduce the quality of life.

The existing community health problems irrigated in areas are sketchy. Further data wili have to be collected from existing public health centres and medical facilities in the rural areas to the problem of water bom diseasesin the basin. SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 PageG. 7 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

~~3.1 General~~

A discussionon impactidentification, methodology and guidelines for predictionof impacts, typical examplesfor the RWRCPand plannedprojects is containedin the SEA Report (Volume2). For the BasinGroup 6, the impactassessment matrix for RWRCPand planned projectsis given in TablesG3.1 and G3.2,respectively.

~~3.2 IrnpactsSpeciflc to Easin Group6~~

~~3W21 RWRCP~~

Although mostly positive,there would be a concemon possiblereduction in groundwater rechargedue to rehabilitationand modemization of irrigation systems,particularly in the arcas where presentlywater table is declining,for examplein Jaipur and Jhunjhunu,Sikar andAlwar districts.

~~3.22 Plannedprojects~~

* Most of the plannedprojects appear to be in arcas in which the groundwater exploitationis wthin safe limits. New irmgation in such areas will provide an environment conductive to increasedrecharge. The impacts wUIIbe two fold: a reductionin pumpingdepths for domesticdemand in over exploitedareas in the lift ,rrigationschemes and, an increasein watedoggingconditions in shallowwater table arcas.In bothcases, the conditionspromote the needfor judiciousintegrated surface andgroundwater management. * The newirrigated CCA requires careful planning, considering the vast bio-diversityin the forestand protected areas.

~~4.0 MMGATIONPLAN~~

Measuresto sustain positiveimpacts and mitigationmeasures for the negative impacts relatedto differentenvironmental parameters in RWRCPand PlannedProjects are induded in TablesG3.1 and G3.2.These are summarizedin Box GB andG7.

The mitigationmeasures mainly pertain to: efficientuse of surfacewater; conjuncUve use of surfaceand groundwater;adequate drainage; management practices for agrícultureinputs such as INM & IPM; regularmaintenance of 1 & D systems;involvement of WUA in the distribution;management and maintenanceof canais;and, industrialand municipalwaste water effluent treatmentbefore discharge into rivers or spread on-Iandsurface or use for irrigation.

Water quality monitonng,analysis and enforcementof legal requirementsto maintainthe effluent quality from industries,sewage and agriculturerunoff should be ensured by the suggestedagencies (Chapter 11, Volume2).

~~A discussionsfor each of the measureshave beengiven in the SEA ReportVolume 2.~~

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30, 2000 PageG. 8 Box G6: Measuresto SustainPositive Impacts~~

RWRCP PlannecdProjects * O0Mof I&D network * IWAM * IWAM * O0M ofM&D network * OFD * New drainagenetwork * Groundwatermanagement * OFD * INM,IPM,weed controi * Groundwatermanagement * Effluenttreatment * WUAformation * Provisionof drainage * WaterPricing * Intrastructuredevelopment such * INM,IPM, weed controi training as roads,markets and credit& * Avoidanceof locatingprojects near ecological inputfacilities sensitiveareas * 100%membership in WUA * lnfrastructuredeveloprnent such as roads,markets *\ FarmerslNGOtraining andcredit & inputfacilities \* Watersupply and sanitation

~~Box G7: Mitigaton Measures~~

RWRCP PlannedProject Groundwatermanagement (controi of over * IWAM exploitationof GW) * OFD * Agnculturaltrainage * Maintainin-stream flow requirements * O&Mof l& network * INM,IPM, weed controi * Eiffuenttreatment * Wutersupply & sanitation *. Cammunity-health

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 Aprl 30,2000 PageG. 9 Table Gl.1: An Overvlow of Featurmsof Basin Group 6~~

~~S.No. Basin Faturas Value |Inorm ii ______Sourco 1 TotalCatdhment area 19,610Km 2 Tahal __of te Sta ama) 2 D~stsiota Arma.krn 2 %of BasnArma Ak~~

Sawai Madhopur 3.311 172 3 PopubtlonlMlillion) 1991 119S 2005 2015 Rural 4.4 4.8 5.8 6.6Tahal Che 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.9 Towns 0.5 0.6 0.9 13 Total 5.3 5.8 7.31 8.8 4 Totela tie arma 126 MY m P Ave~ge irrbstedama 0.57 Mh _ 5 Total mnn annualsurfca War rg!ntial (Mnl3/Yr) 1412 gh Pb $bom of Ralasn to ImoortIno this buln Iblm'TVr> 783 Tr * UWkzed as onJanuary, 1998.

Nob: Thevalues ha~ beenannied fmmvanous s os andadopd. wi best udnnt for eSt SEAstudy. Tnerelo thCe valuosmay not bnaçpropae fr dsing devdopn work (bo~ RWRCPand pluad projeca)wthhn and outdde the reapeci CCAs.

SEA.FinalRePort - Vodume3 April30. 2000 PageG.10 Table GI.2: Basin Group 6 Water Development upto year 2015 ta Water Development Irrigatbon Rehabilltatlon Non-4rulgatlon Other Water Proe Projects Prolecta Prol Ralnfed Watershed«' Evaporation *asin's wR WR OFD OFD RWRCP Dornstc Llvestock tndustrial Agricultura", Dev. & Solt ponds SW _ GW____G Transfer wIlth PRFOe Urb n R Thermai Other Conservatlon stagnant Command Non Import SSD SAIFT power water ______Bodles">) _ _ _ __ comm and _ _ _ __ 0.002 0.001B Present development Area (Mha1 0.185 0.013 0.704 0.05 t _ _ 0.90 -_ 17 Water use: Mm' lvr 803 32 1.72 10 ___ 991 9 6 2 -0.22 0.01 0.001 Expansion upto 2015 Area (Mh 0.035 0.002 0.127 0.181 - Wateruse: Mm'lvr 119 -_ -31 t7 444 1-t - 0.t88 0 01n 000 Year 2015 cumuiatlve Area (Mha) 0.211 0.010 0.577 0.24 - _ _ _ _ 17 pro ections Water use: Mm'I r 922 2 1411 77t - 19 14 24; I

~~1 Rahnfedagriultura Is essumedas lolal arca sultablefor krigallon minuslhe Canal CommandArea. 2. WalershedDevelopment Program Consílute uplo 30%Irlgated area wlth lhe Individual bhck~~

Sources: 1) TAHALb WAPCOS.1998, Water Resources Planning tor RuparaRiBanganga, Gambhlr and ParbatiBasina 2) Ground WaterDepariment, GOR. 1999.Ground Water Resourcesof RalasthanIrrlgathon Potential as on January 1998 3>Watershed Developnient and Sol ConservatbonDepartment. Jaipur 4> Directorateof Agricultura,Ralasthan, 1998. Vital AgricultureStatistcas 1997-98

development works Note: The valueshave been cornplledftrom varlous sourcesand adopted,wlth besdjudgement for this SEA study. Thereore lhese valuesmay not be approprt1atfor designlng (bothRWRCP and plannedpro~ets) withln and outside lhe respectivoCCAs.

~~Ap 30 2000 SEA: Final Report- Volume3 Pae G 11 Table G`1.3:Sallent Featuresof Existing, Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Projects in Basin Group 6: Within Basin Resources~~

~~Status Cbass Completlon No.of Projects Free iveStorag. CCA Year Catchment Caparity~~

L______.______Ama kmn mn9 ha Ruparail River Basin Existng Major 1 983 37 17,452 Medium - | 1 43 27 |_4,847 Minor 50 1,917 69 19,113 Subtotal 2943 133 41,412 Onaoina Minor =20001 2 7 992 P~sed Minar 2000-20151 7i 13 3.219 Total 2,83 - 153 45,623 BangangaRiver Basin Exrtng Maior T_1__1 731 59 1 [Medium _ _ 1 10 820 71 34,747 Minor 177 4,588 2061 46.872 Subtotal 6,139 336 81.619 0Ongon Minor 2005[ 1 1 248 Prooosed Minor 2015 8 _ 10 2.732 Total _ 6.139 347 84.599 GambhirRIwr Basin Exmting Medium 2 407 82 8.761 Minor 79 1,248 95 21,421 Su_btotal 1,655 177 30,182 Ongoing Medium 1997 1 622 53 9.985 Minor I 2000-20051 2 2 421 Esubtotal 622 55 10,406 Propsed Minor | 2000-2005 25 ---_ 19 4,487 Total 2.Z2771 251 45,075

Partbati River Basln ______Existng Major- 1 785 103 24,678 Medium 1 223 15 2,408 Minor 113 252 39 4247 Subtotal _ _K1 157 31,333 Ongoing Minar 2 o 131 Proposed Mediun 1 20 2 27 33 9,962 iminar 1 20001 4 ______7 2,497 _Subtotal 27 40 12,459 Total 1.287 197 43,923 GrandTotal 12,646 948 219,220 CCA CulturableCommand Area MinorCCA < 2,000ha, MediumCCA 2,000-10,000 ha, MajorCCA > 10.000ha Sources:TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998, Water Resources Plannbng for Ruparail,Banganga, Gambhirand ParbatiBasins.

~~Tabie GI.3.1: Sallent Featuresof Existfng, Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Projects in Basin Group 6: with Imports from Yamuna~~

~~Project Cbs Cm CCA~~

______~ ~ ~1 ea CA ha BangangaRiver Basin Exisbnq | Major | - 44.840 IPra sed Major 20151 188.100 |Total 232.940 Major CCA > 10.000ha. Sources:TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. Water Resources Planning for Ruparail,Banganga, Gambhirand ParbatiBasris.

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page G.12 Table GI.4: RecommendedImprovement, Modification and DevelopmentWorks in Major and Mediumlrrigation Projects in Basin Group 6~~

Basin and Projects ProposedAction Rehabilitate Change Other Complete and SorageReduce Increase Majoret anderni* Storage CCA CCA Major as Planned ______Modemise* Capaclty Changes Ruparail River Basin Existing - Medium 1Taisamand BangangaRiver Basin Existing- Medium 1 Aian Bund 2 Bhatawali + 3 Chandrana + + 4 Gurgaon Canal 5 Kalakho + 6 MadhoSagar _ 7 Rondh + 8 Sainthal Sagar + 9 Sarsena + IlOTasai + Planned- Major(by the Consultants) 1 Todana + GambhirRiver Basin Existing- Medium 1i Baretha +

Ongoing - Medium 1 Panchana Parbati River Basin Existing - Major 1 Parbati Existing - Medium 1 UrmilaSagar + Planned - Medium 1 Af alpur 1 2 LowerParbati + Source:TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Plan, Volume 2: MainReport

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30, 2000 Page G.13 sheOt 1 of s~~

~~Table G2.1: Existing Environmontal Conditions wlthin the Basin Group 6~~

SN. Exlstng Environimenta IIO,IUf CondWions RuparaliRlver Basin 1 Physical - Demanraphv(million) 1991- 1.15,1999 - 1.26,2015 - 2.0 Topogqrapny Basincavemrs 38S5 krn 2 ara in NE part of Rajasthan.The soulhomand wvestempart basinis oacupiedby Amvalihlist. The eastompin siopesgently towards Haryana bo and U.P. Soils Uslfiuverta,Nhs and hl . Geotogy Quaerry is rmpms by aUm= a protezc is naked by p=~. sC quanzetimeh toanand and ftone. LandFonms Lowng or isdaltd Nlaia runningNE-SW. Plains o=~pd by pedimoQs,fluvial aliuvium wored wtth sand andsand dunes. LandUse 240,000ha undercultnvatim, apprmim 62%rM the baain. WaterDistribubon Graundwater iigatin Is annant. Onemajor, on meatumand 50 mnaor SW t i p ects.---lrated by wrinkder- 11,805 ha. lmaationGrowtn Twominar ratan pre am oni ande_pht are pr_pod. Crowina Pattem Jowar4%.Ba 34%,Wheat 32%, Grm 14%.Mustard 49%. Cirmate Tropicalsteppe, semnd and hot Man anmualrsinfali of fe baainis 576 mm. Agn> climaticzmne 3B. Reservoirs Jai Samarwi,a na~ iriation pr~ectwith 27 Mm 3 & Siki bunda maor iriga ion with37 Mm 3 lívestaraao capacities. RiverWater Ouantity 195.6Mm 3/vr. at 50%crababflitv. Drainwater Ouantity - Graundwatertable GW mosfJyoccurs in phreaic candlian,depth ranges from 10 to 30 m bgl. In NW pan deoleto ofileveis Is noi andbasin categonzed as darkzone. Sedirmntaton Estimatedsiitatbn 475 m 3Aum2/yr. 2 Chemical RiverWater Quaity NA Reservoirwater cuality NA GraundwaterQuality GW quality is goodEC < 1.5 dStm in westem part and Cl ranges fron 150 to 200 pprn. In north and soutst part quaiity is unsuitabie. EC up to 8 dSlm. Unfit water for drininxg i patchesin 60% area. Soil Salinrtv 15,000 ha under gmund wa~erirrgaion. Soil Sodicity PaintsaurcePdlutian High level of industial development. Two prima industrial towns, 5 industrial ar.as Untreatedsewa~e effluentof 3.4 Mm31r from 6 cites ar towns. Diftuse wurce Poilution Soil salinity & sdicity due to ground water iwngauon.Sewage duapasaf1am Alwar town.

~~Fertilizer use Total NPK 17,900t 14,111t N (71kg/lia), 3.618t P (16kglha), 166t K (1kg/la). Use withir reconmnendedmImt. Pestcide use 19.38t TGM is used. L level Weed kiler use Nilu~~

Deseri Envirorrment NI_ Natural desert Flora NNil Endanoeredflora Nil Desert Fauna Nil Conservationarmas Sanska sanduary. Lakes Sillierli lake Wuld life TiQer, Eium buil, lackca. bats. pea . comn babr Forests. sq.km. Scrub foaest (Reservo299, Pnrtected 292, Undassified 3 (Total 594). Wetiands No prominent wet land. Endangeredfauna Tiger. heopard,chwu , panqo in, carascal. momior l,zard. pvyhon, redspur fw. Biodiversity Vaned grs and planti of medianal irportance. nch in bio.civersity n sarne armas

4 SoacIo Cultural Crop ilelds. fha~Jowar 0.65. bazra 0.8, wheat 3.4, rararr 1.1 & mustard 1.0. Food for Work Program Nil Land tanure Aver~ge size of iand holding 1.79 ha. Marginal farmera 45%°.small 23%, rnedium 31%1 laroe 1.2%. 2 SetmernentPattem Proulation density 289 /km Oualty of life (1995-96) Total litefacy rate 43.05%, decadal g_ rate 29.76%. Electncty consumprtn 484.4 Mkwh.

~~SEA: Final Report- Volurme3 30. 2000 Pag G.14 Sheet 2 of 5~~

~~Tabie G2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions withln the Basin Group 6~~

~~S.No. ExWtng Environmental B Infoman _.No. Condldons ___r__ __ nform___on Genderequity 866 women per 1000 nen. Mean age at marnage 16 yrs., femaleliteracy rate 21.7%.~~

P:e poarliapation CooperativeSoaebes 1130. Tounrsm Very imwrtant, Sasica sanctuarv. Histomcalsitos 3 NGO invohement 2 Inhdeous~e e 5 Communitv Hlalth Icanar d ln 1997) Malara 14107.cases per 1000- 11 Gastroenteritis 14014,cases por 1000-11 Jaundice 197, cases per 1000- 0.2 Dla"hoea 12097.casos per 1000 - 10 Tvph~d 2325.caSe per 1000 - 2 Banganga River Bain 1 P~rncal Dem (phmllion) 1991 -2.6 1999-6.0,2015-4.3 Topo~mph N o.rn Part of Raaslun. 8.878 km2. westernpan hily tenWain,_mot part plain Sodk Threoeorups: Chnromuts & peilustertm,Usfiuvent and Haplustaif G.alagy Alluvium of quatemary age, ninor part had rock formon wlh quarut, phyibt dol~nite limeito. Land Fonfla Hily tenaiin n the west, Podimenta inthe mnidd an allwbal tenain nd blwn sand inh

______ast. Land Use 63% cultvated area. rest Is barrenwlth very liftle aea underformst. Water Dislbutjan 10 rn~diumand 117 ninor pro~a. Import of Yamuna water ttrough Gurgac caral and Bhaatput eeder. Gund war ublization v~e due to poarquaty wa. Sprnkder»s 5530, Irriaatd by sorinldor27,650ha. ImaaiaonGwt Verv littie fromwltn the sa . Planrnedimports frem Yamuna C~na Pattern BaiBa1 %. Wheat 26%, Gram8% and Musand 57% climate Serm-aridand hot. Meananuial rahinl 600 nm in tre west and 700 um in lhe astgr dimraic zane 3A &3B RestVvErs Ramoarhsuoivino drirWna water to Jaipur.59 Mm3 live utoam . River Water Quantity 569 Mm3.fiws onlv in lhe monsoon Drain water tv Seriousdrainare Prolem. A detailedflood mWatioansltudy is underway. GraundwatertabWe Grcund water tas depShranges from 20 to 30 m mnwtrn hily prts & 5 lo 10 m in t restof the basin. Sedfien Siltationín h_llv_r 170 m~q1w ad ans 475 m3_ _2/r. 2 Chomícal River Water Quality No infoamiaton Reseva water quality Good quaiity in R a la. tnraeanq eurOpueran trend. The qualy in Ko _ele is variableespedaiv the salt concenratiotfra 0.3 tl 5.2 dS/n. GraundwaerQuality Easter plaina ma.y have s~ ground water and at n"ny pla~ (57% me) no witable for dul.ing. Soi Saiinity & aadicity 232 ln' aaectod I Jn pur Daiua and BualWul diatria. 109,000 ha aroa aflecd ______Bha~aar. It Is a salinobauínin aule astemparta. Point source Poution Law leveI ot industrialdeveiopmnnt. 10 industrial amas. Untad swge efluen of 3. Mm'tvr rpm 13 cibes oMowns. rDlffusesource Pollutien S_~ díspal frm Batpur t_wn. Fertiizer use Total NPK 45.267_ 34,02 N (lO7kWha),10,8181 P (32la & 422tK (1 k~). Pes~ide use 8.513 t TGM (0.03ka/ha). Weed killer use Nebcicible. 3 Biolo ical Desert Eiwironment Nil Natural desert Flora Nil Endan ed flora Nil Desert Fauna Nli Conservabonaas KeoladeoNational Park Lakes Keo_adeoNatior_al Par_, Raarh laic. Waldlife Avifauna.local & =birds, =nakes. bluebult. Foreats.s .km. Maxedm,sellaneous forest: Reserve434. Protected 528. Uncassled 7 Tota Wetbnds Keoladeo NationalPark Enerred fauna Panther.tiger. lnlian wolt peatfow.

~~SEA: Final Reort - Volume 3 Apul 30. 2000 Page G.15 Sheot3 of 5~~

~~Table G2Z: Existing Environmental Conditions wlthin the Basin Group 6~~

~~Envlronm.ntal Ba lnenorrnation S.No..N. ExlsidngConditions Biodrvermity Extrermelyich i n biodíveruity.dogradod habtst causlngdepletaon rn species dístibution.~~

~~4 Socio- Cultural Crop Yields, Vha Baira 1.0, ground nut 1 1, v~a 3.3, arar 1.1 & mustard 1.0. Food for Work Prooram Nil LaMdenum A o La _h l4lel Setilm~t Pstem Pooiiao derM 306 bn Co u f ife at~~

Demoarphy(mellion) 1991- 1.06,1999 1.38 2015- 1.70 Topography Noastm RP 4.174krn 2. Wae part hlDybeangina to Arasaliswllh a slopma vallev an e Gambhlr o. North tempart is lo hHlv. Sonis Threearups his & hHlodcs,Us pts andUstuvents Geology AUuviumof Quary an r~sof bwer and upperProtrzoic a. The rna ~iar anne ante.sg, sclst sandstone, dal andMm. stone. LandForms Strucanl hNlOsln the westand undulalina loPina pamn towwrds easL LandUse 57%of the amais cud restks bn nd. WaterDistnbulion 2 mediumand 93 minarpro~.cs.1 medium & two minarprqojc ae hi paugmesS ses - 1059, rad by ider - 5,300 he I.rr~ãon Growth 25minar praies prooed. Cmçpin9Pattem Bazra34%, Wheat 27%. Gram 1 1%. Mutard 59%. Climate Semaaridand hot Mati anurm i is 616amm. Awdimatic e 3B. Reservoirs Bare~haBund. 51 NMm3 hve s«~. RiverWater Quantity 550Mm3fyr st 50%obabt Draminwater Quantitv Groundwatertable ln aiuum wsier tabied rangs f*m 10to 25 m whü in hardrock from2 t lo m0Ir aiuviwrnhi t=s as unwf» and ni- quas. Ovr draftIn westem -e pfu. Sendimentanor EstimnedeH 475 m 3"Am2vr. 2 Chunical RivorWater Quality NA Res r waterqual'ty NA GraunxwaterQuality ln wer pt and mincl Panhigh saiinity up ta 8.0 dSim & aem pat ranging1.5 _ 4.u dStm. Unr fbr duho hn pahes. SoilSalinitn Theama of lheBhaaur disUictks with "li saiiniiyunder 9iundated SoiiSodi,cw sm of Iruaon & ud wr *ran Porntsource Podlution Low evei of Indusr d eMn 4 Indust a .s U ad sewageeffluent of 1 Mmffr from4 dties or bwns Diffusesource Poilution Imatlion withsaline & odic ound water. Fortilizeruse 20725tNPK: 15,76Qt N (106ka/ha).4,877t P (34kc/ha), 6t K

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apr*i30. 2000 PageG.16 Sheet 4 of 5~~

~~Table G2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions wlthin the Basin Group 6~~

S.No. Existing Environmerntal Basolinelnformatlon Condítions Forests.sq.km. Mixed& dry deaduousforest with good groundcover. Reserve227. Pmtected596, Unclassified21 (Total 844) Wetlands ln the formof reservoirs. Endanceredfauna Panther.ticer, lndian wolf peaf. BiodivemsitW Vaned& nchdiversity in spite of decradedhabitats. 4 Sodo- Cultural CropYields, 2Jha 'Bazra& 8roundnut 1.0,wheat 3.3, orm 1.1 & murd 0.97. Foodfor WorkProgram Nu Landtenure Av.Size of landholding 1.96 ha. Marginalfarmer 43290%.smral 23.72%, medium 31.3%. larre 1.64%. Setterent Pattem PoPulabondensity 2291km 2. Qualityof lite (1995-96) Totalliteracy 37.9%, decadal growlh rate 28%.Electidty consumplon122.4 Mkti.

Genderequity 847 womnenper 1000 men, mean ae at rrnamage15.4 yr., female literacy rate 16%. Peopleparbcipabon Co-operativosocietes 689. Touansm Notvery important. Histoncal sites 2 templ~s NGO involvement 2 NGOs Indigenous ~e Meena tibe scattered in eastem pnainreon. 5 Communlity HeaIth icases reportedIn 1997) Maana 9140;cases per 1000 - 8 Gastroenteftis 9865: casesper 1000 - 9 Jaundice 187: cases per 1000 - 0.2 Diarrhoea 13747; cases per 1000 -12 Typhoid 2682; cases per 1000 - 2 Parbati RiverBasin 1 Physical ______Demoqraphy(millionl 11991- 0.5. 1999 -0.7. 2015 - 0.9 Topography Southem part is marked by hNilytrrain belongng to Aravali chain, with a siopíng valley along Parbat river and ih tributaries.The N-E par also siopestow.ards the Yamuna nivor Uttar Pradesh. Soais Ustifluvent so"igroup except sorm part in N-W under Nils & hullodcaand Ustochreptssoi group. Geology Quatemary is represented by Aeolan and fluvial deposmt,Ytile upper proterotc by sand shale and limestone of Vmndhvan system. Land Forms Vindhyansandstone plateauin S-W and hw-lying pediment and alluvial trran in the east.

Land Use Total irrigab4eama-1027 sq.km., Land use classes (sq.km.): Khanf-184,Rabi-397, Doubte cropped-303,Falhow-139, Ptantation-4 Water distnbution 32.000 ha CCA by ft imgationsd~emo ftrn Chamrbalnver. rest wthbunbasmn. Spnnkler et ______-401.- tmigatedby spnnclr 2,000tia lmgation Growth Eiustng CCA is 313 sqkm.(30%of ~e land),uIttmate proe COA would be 539 sq.km (52.5% of Irrigabteland) Cropping Panern Khanft Baira 37%, Rabi: Wheat24%, Gramn4%, Mustard 60% Climate Mean annual rainfall - 638 mm. Av. rainy days-48, Mean amual daily nmax.& mm. Temp. 33.1C & 18.2C. Mean annual RH at 8.30 hrs & 17.30 hrs - 57.8 & 43.2%, msan ra _mnd speed-5.0 knthr. Agro-cimatc zone-I4B. Reservors Ma;or-1ParbatiDam (live storage 103mm3),Mediumn-1 Urmnla Sagar (live stor. 15Mm3), new major dam proposed River Water Quanbty Total noml flow at the outflow of Parbatinver f*om Ra*asthan_-226Mm2 yr. a_nua yme ai

______50% orobabilitv-182mm3fvr. Draan water Ouantity _ Ground Water Ouality GW usually occurs under phreabc contidons. GWL vanes betwecn 5-20 m bgl from Wes to East. In hard rock arca some depletion is notced but basmnas a whole is categonzed white zone. Sedimentatíon 175 m&lkm2tyr (Av. of Chambal& Banas nvus sed:inentaton) 2 Chemical Ríver Water Ouality - Reservoirwater quahty - Groundwater quality EC < 2 dS/m & Cl content is <220 ppm. 14% armais ctassifiedas unsualablefor dnnbang.

~~Soil Salnmit 4400 ha~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page G.17 Sheet 5 of 5~~

~~Table G2.1: Existlng Environmental Conditions wlthin the Basin Group E~~

S.No. ExlstlngEnvronmental BaS.iIII ínmmUan 5.Nc_. Conditions ______Soil Sodicity _ 3 PoantsOwre Podluton Industries.Untreated sewaoe eifiuent of 0.46 Mm /yr from two towns. Diffuse source Pollubon Waste disposal Ferblizer use 10348t NPK: 8.625t N (115k~)ha),1,628t P (9lkl/ha) & 94t K (1kg~)a) Pestidde use 9.69t (0.011kafia)TGM Wed kilher hndudedin above 3 Blobgai Desert Environment Nil Natural desert Flora Nil Endangeredflora Nil Daecn Fauna Nil____ Ckaservon armas VanvjharRamsr Keamarh a Laics Ramswar, Urmilaagar Taebi Shahi Tank & Mach Kund Hid Ufe Loownt, chlnwcara,Blue bull, Choetal, Jacal, Wild dog, & avifana of hs Forests, s.knm. Dry deaduous forest: Reserve 39, Pmected 457. Undasdfied Z3( Total 496). Wembnds Rarsagar & Talebi sahi tlana ae god tbmdng grons r cb duckoDt, Rac cemd and tu~d podhards E red fauna ngard, CNnkara, Monitor lizard, Crocodih Biodivemrsit VanId and rich In biodivmtflv. Heobsand shnrba of medianialand aesc valu 4 Saco-Cuftural Crop Ymmds.tma Paddy-1.8. Bara-1.3, Tuar40.5, Sem 02, Gaur sd.7, Wha-3.8. Gram- 0.7 ______Musard 0.9.Taamoera 0.4. Food for Work Prowrar Nil Landttenure (1995-96) Av4. srzoof bandholdino -1.67 ha. SetlemmntPatfem PouJlabonde~nav217 Per so.km. Ouaily of lfe Total ltracy %-35.30,Decdal growt~ r~te<1981-91)-28.07,Birth 4.84, Want ffi rate-146.Eleci~dty consumPion 41.7 Mkwh (1995-96). Gmnderequity 806 wmen per 1000 men. Mean are at mani15.8 yrs, fomae rcy e %-152 Total fortlltyramt.9. PeeC a cConoi C ~e Socie63s-3. Toursm Not very important Historical ses 3 (Talebishai fort, Bari Fort, 2arina tomb),Wild life sanctuary-1 NGOinvovement 3 Indianu peOe _Nil 5 Communrtv Heafth caes r wrbd ln 1997) Maiaia 3580: cases per 1000 -6 Gastroenterilis 7823; cases per 1000 - 14 Jaundice 254: cases per 1000 - 0.4 Diaoa 6164; cases per 1000 . 11 Typh xd 797: cases 1000 -1 Source: See References

~~SEA: Final Reporo- Volume 3 Apfl 30.2000 Page G.18 Sheet 1 of 2~~

~~Tabte G3.1: Bas5n Group 8 EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for RWRCP~~

RWRCPComponents: lmproved irrigation rnanagemenfand transfer; Agriculturalintenslficatlon; Sustainable ground water resourcemanagement. RWRCPActivillem Rehabilitaiin and mademizaibn ol 'bD sys5emsIn 50.830 ha: lining ol canais and waler courses (as needed); rehabilitatlionof structures;service mads: ttow measurement: removai ol unauthiodsedoultets; remod ling ol oulets; lormationo l WUA and Water OistnbutionCommitee; Stre ghening agriculture extension;and. anmertraing through PRFO and SAIFT. S.No. Envlronmental Potenttat Impaci Rating ot Impacta for Significnce 1 Measures to ustain Mitigation Mteasuros Restdual Impacts Parameter (scopei magnitudel directlonl | neutral or positivo Impacts for negative Impacte __ _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~durUion/ r8ver lbiltty) Ph v__,slcal _.i _lc_ 1 Demoraphy No nmpact NO Negilgible on a seclor-wide 2 Topohraphy Land improvement Basin wldellowl silivelhong-tem irreversible basis 3 Sols: water oqlegng Reducedwalerlogdgna Local / how/positive/long-lemui reversibe 06M of 16D network 4 Solis:Ouaiiy ncreasedfertilitY IWAM 5 Geoltqv No hnpact Nll 6 Land forme 7 Landuse: head end 8 Land use: middie Some Improvemenl localiow/posiive/long-termreversible IWAM, OSM ol IbD network 9 Land use: alilend Chanqe irom ai b multi-croppn 10 Ontfarm development lmproved land levelling localflowlposidivel~ng-te~mfareversíbie OFD 11 Water dsisdbutlonSystem lncreasedsuppfy lo tati end: lncreased Local/ bowlposiilve/ long-temm/ reversible IWAM. OSM ol 1b0 networtr In_igailon eificncvy 12 Drainagesystem lmproved drainage Local/medlum,opsflveFlong-temureversible 13 Ir ation IntensNy Increase Locall bowlposilivel long-lennt reversible 14 Irríiation Growth 15 Cropp Intens_ty __ Local bw/ posliUvelona-te~ml Ieversible 1b Croppin palhem Introducton oi hiqh value croPS LocaU bow/ poslüvel long-temVreveraible 11 Ciimale No impact Nll 18 Reservoms 19 Surfacewaler quenlity Some Increase LocaLlow/positive/blng-temVreversibhe downsiream _ 20 Drain waler quaniiv Reducedquantity Loca~/wPosIlive"lnq lemlreveraible O&M o 1160network 21 GW equHlerRecharge Reducedrecharge LocalUowlnegative/long temreversible Conlraool over expoitation ol

______0GW. ______GW deph rnon oibing" 22 GW depi'ton No imped Nll _ _ 23 GW iabe riso Lowerwaler tabbe Loca-Jbwl poslivel long-len/ reversibie Control of over expbltation oi GW GW depih moniforing- 24 Conjunclivo use Increase 25 Erosion Cianing ol canais walbr ccursesa drImns Bask-widetmadnumdipsiivelong-termI rever51ble ObM ol 160 networx

26 Sedimenition 2 ch emical______21 Surfi waier quaIly Reducedpolfution from agro-chemicas LocaVbow/ posflve& bong-ienIv reversibi INM; IPM; wd control; Ireetnenf oi downstr______m_ __ _ _ Indusftial and municipal silhents; W O 28 Drah vrabr quality improvemenldue boINMI IPM Localmedlumt posilivel short-iernl revesibe bultln 29 Reserroir WalerOualiv No Impadc Nl 30 GW drinkinq quatH_ 31 GW Irrigalion qualitY __ 32 Sol salininy Reducdon In s s8Hnlly LocaUb/ poslive lbonqti-V reversible Provisbontof drain 33 Pohit source podution No Impad Nil 34 Diiluse source w7Nulb _

~~Se. Nole ai Sheel 2~~

~~SEA FinalRepod - Volume 3 Pago G 19 Aprll 30. 2000 Sheet 2 of 2~~

~~Table G3,1: Basin Group O EMP: Impact Asseemment Matrlx for RWRCP~~

R¶ r'.P Componenta: Improvedirlgaiion managementand transferf Agriculturallnlenslflcalion: Susialnabieground waderresource managemenl. RWlRCPActiviti.t RchabliNltlon and modemezaflond 10 syslems hn50,830 ha: Llning of canahsand water courses (as needed);rehablNtatbn ot smutn~ see med,: how measumnt remrovato unauthorbed ouietsl remodling otoutieb çmatlondIVAandWalerDlstdibuüonComnlie.;Sire. thenngagricultureexlenslon;and. farmertralngiFhroughpOandSAI.FT SNo. Envdronmental Potentla Impaci Raiing of Impacta for Slgnificance Menturs* to eustaln MilIgatlgo M1esures Residual ImpacIS Parameter

49 Gender eniuity Improved S*abiaod women,lnoerasahn tocaMhighi postivel bong-iemi/kreversible INleracy.mareparllcipaNion In faming and ______dectsxbn 50 peopbeperdpalon Increased parkipoaln throughWUAs LocaVhlghlpouitve/ kng-leml/ reversibie Fermertralnhg; 100% memhberhiphn WMA

~~51 Toudisn No Impact Ni 52 HisionIcasi los 53 NGO kwo#ent ILOw I tmrreVerse NGO thnargadinln 54 ndbenous peoçb Fto pr0. ~posas hi itba area*Nt 5 Communtty Health~~

55 DCiseases:urban No kei . Si 0ise.s. nrura Deceasse le Incidenceol melaat and Locaç tow/ posv bnng-lerm/reversmlbe eler s bentatbn _othe_water realied diseasses 1 r 57 Clseasea:lte sioci No trNlt Note: 1)Scope: Locel: lhwlhin 1 km of lhe propod dvetopment a . bsshn-wideh withInlhe bashnitte. regional Is withkI Rajasihan 2> Magnitude:High means>75%. redium b*between 50-75% iow hs25.50% and negigibla Is leselhan 25% 3) Dkrectn Nel positve. negaltv or neutral hmpad 4)Duration ong-bermhs>10years. medium-ltemis2-0years. short-lamiia<2yean 51 Reversibility:Revenibte or Irreversible (positivoor negatIvo)hmpacl lo lhe resource/popubtlan (wittin a pr~fectedlima - [fame ot t5 years). 6) Paramelen requling monitaong and denoled (*^

~~SEAFlnal Report- Vlume 3 #'ge G 20 Aprnl30,200 Sheet 1 of 3~~

~~Table G32: Basin Group O EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for Planned Projects~~

Planned Prolects (Upto 2015): Inrrgationexpansion in 11.800 ha (ongoing projects); new irigalion projects ln additlonal 211,000 ha (22.900 ha within basin resoune and 188d100ha wHthImports from Yamuna): water develo men bfr non-agrlcuftura projectg 318 Mm3 (Industry. domestic, ltvestockl S.No. Envlronmental Potential Impacts Rating oi Impactb Meoauroto *ustaln Mitigatlon meacures Residual Impacta paramebtr 1(copel magnlludet dlrsctonl duratlon/ neutrd *r poslHtve Impacto for negativo Impacto or benefits 1 1 1 reveuibIlIty_ 1 Phystc-al ______1 Oemography Population Increase due to Improved quality Basin wide fnigh /positive tiong term firreversible _ Increased agriculture output. aí tifo Inefeasedwater supply 2 Topogradhy land improvement ln trlated area local low /posillve nona temmfirreversible environmentaty benefictaly 3 Sols: Waterlogging Riso in GW level, and general wateriogging Basin wide/ mediuml negativa/t tong-temlV IWAM. OFD and subject to mitigation measures in CCA reversible Agricultural drainage ** being Implemented

~~4 Soils: Quality Improva Basin wide/rnedlum/positive/long-termlreversibie IWAM~~

5 Geology No Impact Niu 6 Land formms 7 L and use: head end Rainied agriculture to lr,igated agriculture: Bastn widelmediumfpositivellong-termlreversible IWAM &OM of 1D network Chango In cropping paltemn 8 Land use: míddle 9 Landuse: tail end 10 On-tarm development Incr08s5 l ocal/medium~tive~levrnong-lomlrreveralbie Appoicabe OFD model 11 Water distrlbution system Increase hn agricultura and non-agrkultural Basin wldel high Iposltive/ long.term/ Irreversibla OFD, IWAM, O&M ol 1lD demands. network, WUA, Water Pridng 12 Drainage syslem Some improvement. [asin widelmedium/poslivotiong-lermlrreversible New drainage network

13 Irrigatlon Intensity Increase alian wide/medhumlposHivetiongterm Iroversible iWAM, 06M oi 16D network, WVUA 14 Irrigation Growlih higation expanston Basin wldel highl positlive/bong-temOiirreversibbe OFO. IWAM. 0M of 16D ______~~~~~~network,WIJA 15 Cropping Intensily Increased multiple cropping Oasin wtdelmedtuml/posftivelong-lnelrreversibl IWAM

1ti CroppinQ Pattern Iniroduction of hlgh vatue crops ialn wldemedumpo itlvelon burn/reversible IWAM 17 Climate Improvement possible Basin wide/ bw/ wHosie' iok-tem Irrfversiba 18 Resarvotrs New reseivotrs built Loca /na~MíbioegaIdIy~naemri hTeve_s_bi_ 19 Surtace water quantity Reduced I-stream flow locaV bow/ gatej alrod-IerrmVreversble Maintain In-stresamiow ______~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~reulrmenta 20 Draln water quanttty Increased draln fiow fasin wide/medkjrirgalong-temvreversiblo

~~21 GW aquitferreargo lnceased rechearge asin wMde/medlumtpostlveflong-teml/reveribbl OM ol 16D network fWAM~~

22 GW depletion Negla~ fiWAM 23 GW tabie Rise in water tabho Basin wideimedn/iamh/ona-temreversibie 06M of I& network. OFDO tIWAM 24 coniunctlve use Increase Local/ bwl posidvel long-teim revoralbie Monoring rd GW expkI>tation and enforcement* 25 Erslon Nol signíficant 28 3edimentatbn

~~Soe Note at Sheet 3~~

~~SEA: Final Report Volum 3 Paga G 21 Apríl 30. 2000 Sheet 2 ol 3~~

~~Tabio G3.2 OssIn GroupO EMP:Impact Asseesment Matrix for Planned Projects~~

Planned Projects lUpto2015); lngalion expansionIn 1 .tLOOha fongolngprojecis; new irrigalionprojects ln oddilional211,000 hOO (22,9001,. witn b.sin retsune and 188100lha wilth Importslrom Yanuna), watar deveb el lornonagriuhlure po a 318 Mm3induslry dornestkc,fivasock) S tto. Envlronmantal PoIentlal Impata Ratlng ot Impacba le ure te euit5lrï tIt§aebn tersurei Residual ImpOct4 paramebtr copei maonlltrde dtrectibrrJduratio nIut l ar pItIe Impctj for natfir6 lmpacta or benefits 1 -- 1 -~ mvrer~~~~~~~~~~~~~ bitty) ? Chz-ed- . 27 surlacewater quaiity DterIorated in-sb,eamand drainwater R31sinwidel medluml egA9fttrevefr$ble Mainin an eptable water downstream quatity:increasedndustral and domostc quatly, INM. tPM,etttuent ebluenl:and lncreasedpesliclde use trealment ond mornitortni. and enforcement "

28 Orainwater quality Debrartton dutoIcreaaa lo agro- [sionwldeknedlum Yntrevestte INM, iPM, mornoitortnr ~"$emla use 29 ReseNoltweter quatly NdeaibJe Nu 30 GWdrtnklng quaiity ImprovedGW qualtty deterlomthnin N*sinwWde mnedlum?poai!e &S uth/ íong, E«fuenttreatnoenl and Industria areas termJreveblbie ento"cementhn Indust1ral areas J1 GWkrigalion quabity tmprovc GWauallty BasinwkdermedtumJlpotive / long-ten

32 SoOutinlty tncrrasedso0 oalinty hi CCA basnlwIde mbdie m ~ OFD, IW4AM.OM ol IL) revenibhe systear pt'ovin of ______dreina 33 PoinI sourcapoliutlan Someftoccate toc9vlowJlat ter)revemb»e Trealmanild indutbil _eilthent andentarcemeot 34 Diflusegource pofutioe Untreatedsewage elt dipe lo edt Sew etiluent treamant. canafsand draínagesysem: deMerioralon Montbrlng dl e%luenPand of surfac WO: and aquler po"uton mforcemenl

~~35 Fertiizeruse lncreaaedfertiKzer use Basinwide/medlumf neutrald fong-lernl revei"ie tIM~~

36 Pesliddeuse pestickJause and funokàd Plncrtsed 37 Wed i r e r se eedcont rS traWnSt 3 Blotoglcd '__._... 38 Conservalion;reas Ktoladeo bird sancluerymay facemore Local?low? ttgdbDr hng-ternYirevers(bb Sette

~~Soe Note at Sheel 3~~

~~SEA: FlnalReport - Volume3 Page022 Sheet 3 of 3~~

~~Table G3.2: Basin Group 6 EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for Planned Projects~~

Planned Projects /Uplo 2015j: lhrigalion expansion in 11,800ha (ongoing projects). new irrigation projects in additional 21 1.000 ha (22,900 ha wlthin basin resource and 188.100 ha wilh imports Irom Yamuna): waler develo ment for non-agriculture projects 318 Mm3 (induslry, domestic, livestock) S No. Envlronmental Potential tmpacts Ratlng oi Impacts Measure to sustain MltIgatIOn mtasures Residual Impacta parameter (scopet magnitude/ directlon/ duratlon/ neutral or positive Impacís for negativo Impacts or benefits -_1 reversíbílily 4 Socio-cultural .. ___.- 44 Crop yield Increase in yield Basin widel high/ posilivel long lerm/ reversible IWAM _ Socio-cutlural benefits and improvement in quality ol life. 45 Food for work program No impact 46 t and lenufe (land holdong) Changes Irom dryland lo irrigaled agriculture Basmnwide/ low/ neutrali long-lermlirreversible

47 Setilemenl paltern MogrationIrom other areas, increase in Basin wide/ medium/ positive/ irreversibte popula!ion dens4y 48 Qualrty of liie Improvemenl in socio-economy: Increase in i3asin widel highl positivel long-term/ irreversible Infrastruclure developmenl llteracy rale. increase In per capita income such as roads, markels, credil & input facilitles 49 Gender equity tmprovement in lhe status of women, Basin widel high/ positivel long-termi irreversible ncrease in literacy. more participation in farmino and decision making S0 Peopte parlicipation ln ali slages of project developmenl Basin widel hiqh/ posilive/ long-lerm/reversible 51 Tourism tncrease Localllow/positive/longlermrineversible 52 H.stoncal suies Not known aí lhis stage Require project specific ______evaluatlon 53 NGO lncreased involvemenl Basin widel medium/ neulral/ long-term/ reversible

54 IndiQenouspeople Mmnimalimpacl local/ low/neutral tong-lermfirreversibie 5 C~ommunhly Health 55 Diseases: urban Reduced water related diseases due to locaU lowl Posltlve/ long-termvreversible belter water supply 56 Diseases: rural Increased water born diseases in project Low/mediumrvnogaUto/long lermmreversible Ensure rural water supply areas and sanilation. Monitoring ot waler quality^*

57 Diseases lle,tocI. Reduced diseases duoeto beller LocalI low/ positive/ long-lermI Irreversible nourishmenl _ Nole. 1>Scope. Local is wlthin 1 km of lhe proposeddevelopment activity. basin-wide is wilhin lhe basin ilseti. regional is wilhin Rajasthan 2> Magnitudei Hughmeans >75%. medium Is between 50-75%. low is 25-50% and negligible is less lhan 25% 3) DOrectionNet posilive, negative or neulral impacl 4) Duralion long-lerm is >tO years. medium -term Is 2-10 years. short - lerm is <2 years 5) Reversibrl'ty Reversible or irreversible (posilive or negative) impacl to the resource/populalion(wilhin a projecled lime - Irame of 15 years). 66) Planned projecís woutd not be implemenled within 25km ol ecological'y and otherwise sensilive areas (Souirce Goel, 1992> ** 7)Parametefs requrirng mondoring and denoted

SEA. Final Reporl * Volume 3 Page G.23 April 30, 2000 Dlelrict Head Ouortets, Pond () C Boundories Stole. 0islrict. Ri~t Bsain 4 Cond,. Rlver, PrODOTedConal C Sontcuory.Closed Arers t Scole 1: 1.500.000 Archoeo~oqkol Ercovollons/H1 lstorçlc Sites 9l lourisl Sites. RellgIous Ploces c, MAolorCornrnond Arco: Exlsting Pfoposed IrrlcationlProi'ect ' (.MV, twzt1 sN

~~Medium~~

~~Note Comrnond Areo for Proposed Projecte hOS been motçked * StiIIer Lole bosed on the 9le CCA fn SWP1998 W UTTAR PRADESH~~

~~I $~~~~~A~~

~~0.1 imo&~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ onog~~

~~SAWAI\ [1 7 _ ~~~~~~~~River;Basins of Group 6 -a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~a~~

~~Source Map Gi2 BasAI Development Rnroup p TAHAL (1998), MAP WRP2~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page G.24 Aprll 30, 2000 LCiLEAJ0HLO !0K~~

~~r~~~~~~~~

~~STRCTiOUI HARYANA~~

~~| ffi 4 R~~~~~~~~~~~~U1APRADESH l l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7~~

~~v~~~~~~aG2.Sol Tye Ke Ma .of Rupra Basí~~

~~WatresuresPnn Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS~~~., 1998. jjj'jj-j.j USTlFLU9'EI4T5~~

~~, FltLê AN~DFlLL.OCKS~~

~~s p- » Asir BOUHOARY~~

~~~~~SlAl EBOUNDARY~~

~~D~~~ISTRICT eOUNDARY~~

~~@ DISTRICT HEADl OUARTER~~

~~Map G2a: SoilTypes Key Map of RuparailBasin~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,199B. WaterResources Pianninig for RuJpara>JBasin SCALE. 1: 1,000.00D~~

~~H A R Y A NA~~

~~4 ~R U P A R A I L $ @ p lI>1 B&A N~~

~~_ SA!SI + OALWAR B }A SI N~~

~~AR ~~~~~ 3DEEG .~~

~~-A Th.p u~~

~~S .JAIPLIr,"' I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~eRAT~~

~~~~~~~~~ . -. ~ CRWUTET . ELSET~~

~~½OUA- s :: -, APUUA ..~~

~~7r'~~~~~~1.~~

~~CHROMUSTERTiSPEUAJUSTERTS~~

*1* HAPLUSTALFS

~~TORRIPSAENTS~~

~~US-1FLUVENTS~~

~~USTOCHREPTS HILLSAND HILOCK~~

~~STATEBOUNDARY~~

~~-iwlwwg MBASINBOUNDARY~~

~~…ISTRICTOUNDARY~~

~~O DISTRICTNEAD OUARTER~~

~~Map G2b: SollTypes Key Map of BangangaBasin~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for BangangaBasin SCAL_-s Zooc 00C~~

~~B,J-ARATPUR DlSTRICT S T UTTAR PRADESH1~~

~~2;LJSA DlSTRICT C,2~~

~~~ "' DI-IOLPUR DISTRICT~~

~~saV.^.^ DMAUfHOrUR DiSRI X~~

~~25 _____--_ __ _ 77 A~~

~~LEGEND ...... USTIFLUVENTS~~

~~- t .: r,1'rtt;, USTOCHREPTS i FHILLSAND HILLOCKS~~

~~STATEBOUNDARV~~

~~--- … DtSTRICTOCUNDARY~~

~~-: *i:p p:i:,g t3ASINBOUWDARY~~

~~Map G2c: Soil Types Key Map of Gambhir Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Gambhir Basin [j~~~~~J 5~~~~CALE1 s oa.oo~~

~~27 77° UTTAR PRADESH ___~~

~~SAWAI MADH0PUR ~~H U DISTFIUCT~~

~~0 26'______2C~~

~~USTffrLUVtí4TS CHRlOMIJSTERTZ i'ELWUZTERTS~~

~~USTOCH4REPTS~~

~~STATE BOUN4DARY~~

~~… - DlIRn1CT flONDRy~~

~~o DISTRICT MEAD.OUARY.RS~~

~~Map G2d:Solu Types Key Map of ParbatiBasin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. WaterResources Planning for ParbatiBasin a S~~~~~~~~~~iC~ALE-1 1DOO.o00~~

~~2B'7C0 770 28'~~

~~| ae | ~~~~~~~~HARYANA~~

~~91~~~~~~ }EfU414~~

~~-S / , i`_HARATPURODISTRICT~~

~~BANGANGA BASIN~~

~~27n 7G. 77~~

~~VTAIE DOUNDAPY DI51RIc r touDA - - OASIN BOUNDAtY DISTRICT NEADOUARTER RIVER~~

~~LEGEND UNEAMEMTS _ .~~

;u. Ag Ss')Cr.Gro~,pG ( ,ruUI)/rAG nupa/atollou R Se |9eralontry u Sol.I ecenI lo ,\jluo,u Alhivoim. Coluuvíu,lí Ailuvíal smnds.ci5, p avei. 1 íRecearloltall trola Dcpoil.s pebhCes ~i c,.ies cdc aSnd wmd.bWowns3iids . __

~~hliddirl tilipcr lipr re- Iniluílves lIlrItmums Graneês, anmpllbolills .`. .~~

~~Lr8srCailit- l:_~~

~~- do - (a) AphSmii Pi,lsi,les. sclisis. quMIL.lt 1 [n~~

~~(b) Al-vr QUuáriziles, oussie ,' \ i .áll s~l>Oíd.,,ulC SI,B aí . | cencleeous bú& idseIad o,,i and epidories~~

~~(c) iLainlo Límtesítines, dulomies, i 32íldSlonessquasrlzules 1~~

~~Map G3a: Geological Key Map of Ruparail Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Ruparail Basin~~

~~B~~~~~~~~~ _ __ r> olnr D--t`) O b0,oi wn >nnn SCALE 1 1OOO,1OOC~~

~~7G' 77 -'8~~

~~1 HARYANA , r PA~I~~

~~RUPARAiLBASIN / KA~tN ° ,-TA PRAES~~

~~o ALVWAR@ ó<, . PAIARI !SABIBASIN 0CLWAR~~

~~_,rUPAILr!SIN . 4~ R PR_jMTHURA' JAIPUR M.$TTRICTr . 7- -- M_T ALWAROISTRICT --~~

~~v1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A ~~~z ;: < v ^è~~

~~|O JAI PUR t---- FáS -- >w t -5;~~

~~STATEJDMY DISTRICT BOUNDARY _ … _ 77BASIN 130UNDA.RY 7Gr LEGEND 7 7 DIÁ55TMICTHEADOUARTER C) SunerGroiD Fermtx,nG{OllD .. RIVER UNEAMENTS _ - Ouimy : d u.. bb__ _~~

~~~hdv_ ka. me ._ De~, Anga ~ A s mua-mt _ _ __ Dhg ~A#1 Al_ 111101 (Pmhotlo.tc) (a> cnmm si "hIIs. ',,,-,5 caènao pI~a, qwta t, 1,;,XIR .mtIn. %IM dafuc t" «e.~~

~~A_r Ammm Mmf_~~

~~tL o r P. ttOm"~t_~~

~~Piu-Demi AJuvIih Gm*sU$ p. md~~~

~~to An»An)~~

~~tAFTER G.S.I. ANO C.G WM.)~~

~~Map G3b: GeologicalKey Map of BangangaBasin~~

~~Source: TAHAL 8&WAPCOS, 1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for BangangaBasin~~

~~n t^~~~ - _- _ 1. _ n_ -- - rvro SCALE 1C2CD2~~

~~F31ARATPUR DlISTRICT 1~~

~~T DAUZIA DISTRICT MA.'.. ~~UJRPA .I EH~~

~~,AWAl M,DHOPUR DiSTfICT~~

~~STAT. DO0UND)ARY - - DISTRICT 8OUNDARY … - STAT1140ouNDAnY~~

~~LEGEND~~

~~k lIl Age Super-~~

~~Canlbfls&l [o nesoc'_~~

~~CaltbJ li-"~~

~~Upper Pfrlefozo.c -do- -do. Lo_er Resa 5.nd one, _ iV'~~

~~Upper PI'U£.eULOIC -ÚD- -do. Semrr Irn,,,sí(snes sII.í ,.~~

~~Middie Prntero£c,c BIlwiara l$.nded Gnel,s,c Gu,n,tes gelCs-I. to Lower Pou,teíozoc Colrple.,I~~

~~Map G3c: Geological Key Map of Gambhir Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for GambhirBasin r'{J SCALE 1 1,000 030~~

~~27" 1 ~ UTTAr PRADESH~~

~~BH4r;ATPURDITRICT -C - - ,ATPURDlo~~

~~SAWAIMS SDnOt - 'y~~

~~.v' e~~~~~~~~~~~~ncSS1 Boundn.y~~

~~MLUndqair' s- - G /Ç' ~~~~tS> D,sh.ct~~

~~LINEAEFNT - -~~

~~7r7~~

~~LEGENLI~~

~~cQ_el- .l-RKCdl.' iawIr»n MIt -t. AIhuIWl_ *tcIv . __ .~~

~~1.,b§t~~ ~~~~~~~~~Am cim.nl ,~~

~~l;«bft~~va~~u ~~~~~~h.k t 1 w,ú~~

~~(AFTER GS.I. And C.G.W.BE6~~

~~Map G3d:Geological Key Map of ParbatiBasin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Parbati Basin~~

~~SEA Final ReDort - Volume 3 Page G.32 April 30, 2000 j1 .~~

~~76 28 _ 28~~

~~HARYANA -~~

*,v O..< HARYANA

~~cn~~~~1 SIKAR DISTRI ( 't~~

~~- '3 IIIE /|PI-ARATPURt". DISTRIC~~

~~4 L .A Pr - R I C~~

~~A! WAR . -; J JAIPUR DISTRICt, / r~~

~~r Xpz -. i j r / 1.~~

~~J~~I 7~~

~~j 27 7D 27 76 7~~

~~LEGEND~~

~~BOUNDARIES:~~

~~STATE. DISTRICT~~

~~t.«^Q.7y?.0.is /ygJ^: BASI N~~

~~111E AGROCLIMATIC ZONES~~

~~IRRIGATION DEMAND ZONES~~

~~MAIN RIVER COURSES~~

~~o DISTRICT HEADQUARTERS~~

~~Map G4a: Agroclimatic Zones and Irrigation DemandZones in Ruparail Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. WaterResources Planning for RuparailBasin~~

~~^ r.__ ~D-_- \ I , nn Dn_r^ r~7 __no) LEGEN!J LEGENDARIS SCALe:1 1,000,000 HARYANA~~

~~- S~~~~~~TAT~- DSRC-?\~~

~~______SASIN~~

~~AGROCLIMATICZONES ,+ IRRIGATION DEMANO ZONES )~~

~~MAINRIVER COURSES o ALWAR L- UtTAR PRADESH DISTRICTHEADQUARTERS -, "1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MATHUR.Ao~~

~~| i£ - I -rt iA1 ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ D, ~ ~ . t- . l'Al'Á,~~

~~27 1 s~~~~~~-r< ,A LWaF, A WA UIS1 A OH OP H U R~~

~~J UA 1R P ~ ~ luA OHA".T 1' U~~

~~D1 TR 1c~~

~~AW AI1 M AOHO P UR~~

~~D I S T R 1 C T~~

~~76.1~~

~~Map G4b: Agrocllmatic Zones and Irrigation DemandZones ln Banganga Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for BangangaBasin~~

~~SEA: FinalReport - Volume 3 Page G.34 Aoríl 30, 2000 _. _7__ D~~

~~SCAI 1:,OgOOOOBHARATPUR~ AGRA t~~~~~~~~~~,1TA PRADESH, AGRAape DAUJSADISTRI`T BHARATPUR DISTRICT _ "> -l 5 ,IUTAR PRDE5H~~

~~SAWAIMADHOPUR DIST RICT, , - rASIN..< Ç~~

~~GAMBHIR'B kSIN ,- ' !tC-~~

~~|DHOkUPR 0 {;DISTRICT , < SHr> -- MADHYA PRADESH o.',~~

~~> , `. :', r <- LEGEND BOUNDARIES~~

~~f " zx;;>io ,t- r - - S1ATE. DISTRICT~~

~~.. ..:>'--. ,/jBAStN [iI 3 AGROCLIMATICZONE IRRIGATIONDEMANO ZONES = MAIN RIVER COURSES O DISTRICT HEADQUAR1ERS~~

~~77' 7e'~~

~~Map G4c: Agroclimatic Zones and Irrigation DemandZones in Gambhir and Parbati Basins~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. WaterResources Planning for Gambhir& ParbatiBasins LEGEND~~

~~' 0-10Om.(b9l) | t 10- 20m.(bgl) Scole 1:1,500,000 >20m,(b91)~~

~~|~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~AW CUtTTAR PRADESHl~~

~~SAWAI \,_ ( &g)Ê _ f River Bosins of Group 6 MADHOPUR ? t-ro 1 Panaonao~~

~~Map 05 Source: troundG Water Depth (Pre Monsoon 1998) of Basin Group o Ground Woter Deportment, Rojasthan~~

~~SEA: Final R@port-Volumo 3 Paae G.36 April 30, 2000 LEGEhD RIse/Decline(in m)~~

~~Ou --+5 to +7 Scale 1:1.500.000 +3 to +5 ,'rrl O to 43 O to -3 -3 to -5 C3 -5 to -7 E~1-7 to -10 l ~ °L0 >| gts>= tv % t%,7UTTAR PRADESH~~

~~JAIPR~~

~~River Basins of Group 6 SAWAI Rupar~~~~~~~~~~@1onocil MADIJOPUR Banmbhir~~

Map GB, Changein Ground Water Depth ( Pre Monsoon 1984 & 1998) of Basln Group e Source Ground Water Deportment, Rojosthon SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Pago G.37 April 30, 2000 LtCEND OItrIct Heod Oucrteri, Pond Boundories: Sl.te, DOltrict, River 9asin - - Conol, River, ProposedCondl Scale 1: 1,500,000 Cotegory Sioge of Developrentr L S - Safe Lesg thon 70%

~~Etl~j d2 lSCSemi Critcol 70 - 90%~~

~~|jjjjjjjjjj) C - Crltieal 90 - 100%~~

~~I'''' °E - OV'erEXPIOIted Creother thonl 100% 9- - -_---- jJ v ALWA{ J IUTTARPRADESH~~

~~JAIP~~

~~River Bosins of Group 6~~

~~SAWAI 11 -3V Banganno~~

~~MADHOPUR -» Q-PoPrboti --Gambhir~~

~~Map G7 a Ground Water Exploltatlon wlthln Basin Group 8, 1998 Source Ground water Deportment, Raposthon~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 r ?R April 30, 2000 -~~~~~~~~~~~~ Q- )~~

~~HARYANAX 1h,, ;1 ( HARYANv~~

~~SIKARDI TRIC * BU~~

~~JAIPU: DISTRICT S T~~

~~1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~17~~

~~1 -~~~~~~~~~~7 -~~

~~LEGEND~~

~~BOUNDARIES:~~

~~STATE:DISTRICT~~

~~- KEYWELLS~~

~~WATERTABLECONTOURS (m n MSL) 1000 SALINITYCONTOURS (EC1 h) MAIN RIVER COURSES~~

~~O DISTRICTHEADQUARTERS~~

~~Map G8a: Groundwater Leveis and Salinities in Ruparail Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Ruparail Basin LEGEND~~

~~80UNDARIES~~

~~STATEDISTRICT jJ~~

~~E?esss BASINX~~

~~,,e,, KEY WELIS~~

~~WATERTABLE _ONTOURS r d~~

~~SALINITY CONhOURS~~

~~MAIN RIVER COURSES oALWAR Z l~~

~~o .SRICT H.ADQUARTERS SL t: ,~~

~~1 c~ (1) _ ALVVe Q~~

~~SIKAR~ ~ MaDG8b:C Grudae eesadSl/te In BagagaBa 0~~

~~76 77~~~~~~ Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998.II& JAIPURMpGb:Gonwae eei n alnte I agng al~~

~~Source:TAHAL &JAIPUR ,198~~

~~WaterReoure lnin o agag a SEA: Finai PageReporl G.40SApril130,02000 - Volume 3~~

~~SEA:3Final Report - Volume PageG.40 April 30, 2000URDISTRIC 77 78'~~

~~t~~~~~~CL.l l e lo~~

~~BHARATPUR~~

~~.DAUSA DIST-RICT <` DETffU UTAR^TPVRTAR PSADESHTD~~

~~OAHAGRAES~~

~~_ _ BASIN ~~KEY WELLS~~

~~290 ______WATERTABLECONTOURs (M above MSL) 2r 3000 SALIN CONTOURS(EC _ 2mhos> =MAINRIVER COURSES O DISTRICT HEADQUARTERS~~

~~C= ^ 5Zi_ol 1^l, Do^ns _B_S,-.------~~

~~Map G8c: Groundwater Leveis and Salinities in Gambhir & Parbati Basins~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1 998. WaterResources Planining for Garnbhir& ParbatiBasins LECEND Scole 1:1,500,000 EC (dS/m) < 4 Ii4-8 >8~~

~~ALWAR ~~~~~~UTTARPRADESHI~~

~~River 90sins of Group 8 MADHOPUR r3 Bonangao~~

~~_ < Q ~~~~~~~~~~~Porbati~~

~~Sourclind'Water Deprie RpstanMap G8.1' Salinity In Ground Water of Basin Group C Ground Water Deportment1-Volm 3PaeG4 Aprll 30, 2000 SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Pago G.42 Arl3,20 SCALEc1 Wn.Dn~~

~~HARYANA~"HRYN<1*'_ (T~~

~~SIKR Dlt:TRIC e~~

~~DSTRICT JAIPUR DISTRICT~~

~~'ALWARDJSTRICTBARTPU DSTIC~~

~~v N~~

~~27 27-1 1.WARUSTNDAICES.-~~

~~DAUSA DILLOCK 76~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7 LEGEND~~

~~iHUNDAtRIES: LJ l GRONAATA~ UFPUF DRINKING(CTOGIR HD STATE: DISTRICT~~

~~POTENTIALZONES AND NON-POTENTIALZONES~~

~~HILLS AND HILLOCKS~~

~~Map G9a:GroudwaEXTREME GROUNDWATEROVERaRAFiT GROUNDWATERUNFrT FOR DRINKING(According lo PHED)~~

~~HIGHlGROUNDWATER SALINiTY~~

~~ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE PIOSSIBILrrES~~

~~.- ~,~----MAINRflVER COURSES~~

~~O DISTRICTHE.ADQUARTERS~~

~~Map Gga: GrounidwaterKey Map of Ruparail Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Shekhawati Basin~~

~~PS r.oS D, \11.. _ n - 1-.. A_w_r 29' 76, LEGEND 77* 7R~~

~~BOUNDARIES~~

~~- - *« - ---- STATE: DISTRICT ~~~~~~BASIN HARYANA | l . ) POTENTIALZONES AND NON-POTENTIAL ZONES j HARYANA HILLSAND HILLOCKS . 'V 1~~

~~EXTREMEGROUNDWATER OVERORAFT~~

~~GROUNOWATER UNFIT FOR DRINK4NG(According to PHED)~~

~~HIGH 5-OUNDWATER SALINIrY~~

~~ARTlFICIAL RECHARGEPOSSIBILITIES OALWAR~~

~~aS '=;--~ MAINRIVER COURSES~~

~~SIKADISRIÇbo DISVRICTHEAOQUARTERS A 'z-~~~

~~81/~ ~ ALA ISTRICTOUDSjlTSAUt1eo,o JA DISTRIQTJAR~~

~~27_ __r__-______~~

~~Map G9b: Groundwater Key Mapof Banganga Basln~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for BangangaBasin~~

~~SEA: FinalReport - Volume 3 Page G.44 .April 30, 2000 SCALE:1: 100o ,!r~~

~~BHARATPUR jdP~~

~~BHARtTPUR DISTRICT UTTARPRADESH~~

~~27 DAUSA DISTRICT~~

~~'~ ~ ~`K --.~ éSU-- !TSC; sw ;*- ^$ ~' -.~~

~~A iBOUNDARIES:~~

~~STATE: DISTPICT ~~BASIN.~~

~~.-{ { POTENTIALZONES AND NON-POEcNTIALZONES~~

~~26'1_ . _ tHILLS AND HILLOCKS EXTHElMEGROUNDWATER OVERORAFT~~

~~GROUNDWATER UNFIT FOF DRINPNG (According to PHED)~~

~~HIGH GROUNDWATER SALINITY~~

~~J ARTiFICIAkLRECHARGE POSSIBlLMrES~~

~~MAIN PIVER COURSES~~

~~______7______O DISTRICT HEADOUARTERS~~

~~Map G9c: GroundwaterKey Mapof Gambhir & Parbati Basins Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for Gambhir& ParbatiBasins~~

~~SEA Final ReDort- Volume3 PaaeG 4i5 br;l wrr nn Dlstdct HIed ovorlrst Pond c= Boundorli : Stote. Distrki. Rlvw Bosin Rlver -. C-, Protected Areo iII11WPf k Scole 1:1.500.000 Clos.d Areo~~

~~Molor Commond Arco: Prolored Plonned Projecl Mojor Medium~~

~~Formel Aro~~

~~Note:- Protected & Closed arcos ar* not Ia colo~~

~~JAR @~~~ SI~~

~~SAWAI \ s i :n1;4- ' uW2' River losins of Group 6 MADHOPUR @Q 1BoinganoRUDqoOrcilo~~

~~Map GIO' Forest Areas& Protectedareas relativoto Planned *>Kne)°%%r"* m"4 Projecta In Group O Basdn SE . Final _VmaAr2 SEA: Fi nal Report-Volume 3 Pago G.46 April 30, 2000 SECTIONH~~

~~LUNIBASIN EMP~~

~~LUNI BASIN EMP TABLEOF CONTENTS~~

1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION ...... H.1 1.1 BasinFeatures ...... H.1 1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects ...... H.1 1.2.1 Presentand planned projects ...... H.1 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activHties ...... H.1 1.2.3 Non-inigation development projects ...... H.2 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW ...... H.4 2.1 PhysicalEnvironment ...... H.4 2.2 ChemicalEnvironment ...... H.6 2.3 BiologicalEnvironment ...... H.7 2.4 Socio-culturalEnvironment ...... H.8 2.5 CommunityHealth Environment ...... H.8 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... H.9 3.1 General...... H.9 3.2 Impactsspeciftc to the LuniBasin ...... H.9 3.2.1 RWRCP...... H.9 3.2.2 Plannedprojects ...... H.9 4.0 MITIGATIONPLAN ...... H.9

~~UST OF BOXES~~

Box H1: LuniRWRCP (ha) ...... 1.1 Box H2: JawaiMajor l iga Projecttion ...... H2 Box H3: SardarSamand Major lIrigation Project ...... H2 Box H4: BankliBund Medium lrrigation Projec ...... H.3 Box H5: AngoreMedium lrrigation Project ...... -H.3 Box H6: LandUse (ha) ...... H.4 Box H7: CroppingPattem and Crop Yields ...... H.5 Box H8: Measuresto SustainPostive Impacts ...... H.10 Box H9: MitigationMeasures ...... H.10 UST OF TABLES

TableH11.1: An Overviewof Featuresof LuniBasin ...... H.11 TableHl.2: Luni BasinWater Development upto year 2015 ...... H.12 TableH1.3: SalientFeatures of ExistingOn-going and Proposed Surface Water Project in Luni RiverBasin . H.13 TableH11.4: RajasthanWater Resources Consolidation Project PRFO and SAIFTComponents for LuniBasin ...... H.13 Table H2.1: ExistingEnvironmental Condition within the LuniBasin ...... H.14 Table H3.1: Luni BasinEMP: ImpactAssessment Matrix for RWRCP...... H.16 Table H3.2: Luni BasinEMP: lmpactAssessment Matrix for PlannedProjects ...... H.18

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30,2000 PageH. i UST OF MAPS~~

Map HI: Luni BasinDevelopment ...... H.21 Map H2: Soil Types Key Map of Lu Basinni ...... H.22 Map H3: GeologicalKey Mapof Luni Basin...... H.23 Map H4: Agro-climaticZones and IrrigationDemand Zones in Luni Basin...... H24 Map HS: GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon1998) of Luni Basin...... H.25 Map HIS: Changein GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon1984 & 1998)of Luni Basin...... H226 Map H7: GroundwaterExploitation within Luni Basin,1998 ...... H.27 Map H8: GroundwaterLevels and Salinities in Luni Basin...... H28 Map H8.1: Salinty in Groundwaterof Luni Basin...... H29 Map H9: GroundwaterKey Map of LuniBasin ...... H.30 Map H10: ForestAreas and ProtectedAreas Relative to PlannedProjects in Luni Basin..... H.31

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Aprnl30, 2000 PageH. ii SECTIONH LUNIBASIN~~

~~1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION~~

~~1.1 BasinFeatures~~

The LuniBasin is the secondlargest river basinthat originatesin Ajmer and drainsinto Runn of Kuchh.Most of the surfaceflow mergesinto the sandystretches of the river bed in Gujrat state. The basincovers a total catchmentarca of 3.74 Mha occupying10.9% of the state. The basin is spread in 9 districtsnamely Pali, Jalore, Barmer, Sirohi, Ajmer, Nagaur, Jodhpur,Rajsamand and Udaipur.The basin is boundedby the arid westem districtsof OutsideBasin in the west, by BanasBasin in the east, ShekhawatiBasin in the northand Sukli andWest Banas Basins in the south.The basinlies to the west of the Aravalihilis and forms part of the mid-westaliuvial plain and gently siopeswestwards. An overviewof the basinis givenin TableHl.1.

~~1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects~~

~~12.1 Presentand plannedprojects~~

The presentand projectedscenario of iffigation and non-irrigationprojects in the basin is given in Table H1-.2and Map Hl. These indude355 existingprojects with a CCA of 0.165 Mha andthe proposedprojects, induding with the import of Narmadawater with a CCAof 0.079Mha. The overalldevelopment of plannedprojects is projectedto increasefrom 0.165 Mhato 0.249Mha (Table Hl.3).

~~The Narmadariver water is proposedto be importedto irrigate about 75,000 ha and to providedrinking waterto over 124viliages in Jaloreand Barmerdistlcts.~~

~~1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP aclivilies~~

The RWRCPcomponent (PRFO and SAIFT)are aimed at rehabilitationand modemization of existing irrigationsystems that have low overall project efficiency. The CCA of the proposedRWRCP projects is 80,918ha (Box H1) locatedin the three districtsPali, Sirohi andJalore (Map Hl andTable H1.4).

~~Box HI: Luni RWRCP(ha)~~

~~• Twomajor projects 51,635 * Sixmedium projects 26,863 * Twominor projects 2,420~~

~~At the time of this study,proposais for onemajor andtwo mediumprojects were preparedby the PPU. Proposaisfor the other projectswould have to be preparedupon Wodd Bank approvinglhe overallRWRCP.~~

lnformationrelating to the proposedRWRCP components for the Jawaiand SardarSamand majorirrigation projects and Bankliand Angore Bund medium imgation projects is presented in BoxesH2, H3, H4 & H5 respectively.

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30.2000 PageH. 1 1.2.3 Non- irrigation developmentprojects~~

The SWP projected a significant growth in the annual water demand for domestic and industnal use. Over forty five percent increase in urban and rural water demand is projected in the next fifteen years (Table H1-.2).

~~< ~~~~~BoxF12:Jawaí Major lnigation Project~~

/1Locatbon Pali District 2 Year of Construction 1957 3 Livestorage capacity, Mm3/yr 194 4 CCA,ha 41,423 5 CCAproposed for RWRCP,ha 41,423 6 Actualimgated area, ha 9,690 7 ImgationIntensity, % 66 8 PresentProject Efficiency, % 37 9 Projectedlrnigation Efficiency, % 50 10 Rehabilitationand modemization * Strengtheningof canal banks * Liningof main canal * Upgradationof existingcanal structures * Constructionof measunngstructures o Repairof serviceroad 11 Water distributioncommittee existing 1 12 ProposedWater UserAssociations 52 13 Problemsperceived by farmers * Damagedcanal and distributors * No properdistribution of water and unauthorized outtets * Supplyof irrigationwater is inadequateand n on time/ xw *~~~~~~~~~~Wastageof water due to seepage /

~~Box H3:SardarSamand Major lrrigationProject~~

1 Localbon Pali Distnct 2 Yearof Construction 1905 3 Live storagecapacity, MmZIyr 103 4 CCA, ha 10.212 5 CCAproposed for RWRCP,ha 10,212 6 Actualimgated area, ha 3,300 7 lmgationlntensity, % 66 8 PresentProject Efficiency, % 19 9 Projectedlmgation Effiaency, % 50

~~Source:PPU, 1999~~

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume3 April30, 2000 Page H. 2 f ~~~~BoxH4: Banidi Bund MediwnIrnigation Project~~

/1 Locabon Jaloredistrict 2 Yearof Construction 1904 3 Livestorage capacity, Mm3/yr 35 4 CCA,ha 5,382 5 CCAproposed for RWRCP,ha 5,382 6 Actualirrigatod area, ha 1,703 7 lrrigationlntenslty, % 70 8 PresentProject Efficiency, % 28 9 ProjectedIrigation Efflciency, % 50 10 Rehabilitationand modemrzation works . Remodelingof main canal, strbngthening of banks, repairof lining • Upgradaonofa dstingcanal tructures * Constructonof VRB,croass drminage works, measuringstructurs. . Repairof serviceroads 11 Wateruse Associabons proposed 9 s12 Problemspercived by fhrmers a TailzedouUets are not recivng watr/ 6t ns, % .matíClening0 and lining of ~ums

~~7 Presenroj iciencxH%c PP3,1999 g~~

8 PrLocation Sirahitdian \cy0 /2 YearnofConstruction 1982 \ 3 Livestorage capacity, Mme/yr 13 4 CCA,ha 3,455 5 CCAproposed for RWRCP,ha 3ce45 6 IrrigationIntensity, % ao 7 PresentProject Efficiency, % 33 8 ProjectedIrrigation Efficiency, % 0S Ç) Rehabilitationand modemizationworks * Remodelingof main canal,strengthening of banks,repair of linine a Upgradationof existingcanal structures o Constructionof VRB, crossdrainage works, and, measu1ingstructues. * Repairof ser-viceroads 10O Water useAssociations proposed #10 11 Problemsperceived by farmers o Damagedlining causesseepage of water o Supplyof water is not ensured a Tqailvillages get litlie water \ *~~~~~~~~~~~Somevillages have drinitingwater problem/

~~\ ~~~~~~~Source:PPU, 1999~~

~~SEA--Final Report - Volume3 April30 2000 PageH. 3 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASEUNE OVERVIEW~~

~~The existingenvironmental conditions within the Luni basinare summarizedin Table H2.1.~~

~~2.1 PhysicalEnvironment~~

Demography:According to 1991 census,the populationof this basinwas 4.5 million (rural 76%). The projected1999 populationis 5.0 million. The forecast for the year 2015 is 7.2 million,an increaseof about60 percent.

Solis: Entisoisare the dominantsoils in the state. The subordergroup Psammentscover a largearea in associationwith Aridisoisin westemand centralRajasthan. Ustochrepts occupy the eastempart of the Luni Basin,Camborthids Calciorthids in the northwest(Map H2). The othermajor soil type is TonipsammentsCalciorthids Paleorthids. The solis are greyishbrown in colour and mediumto moderatelyfine textureddeep to very deep solis.The soils are low in organiccarbon and mediumto high in availablepotassium. The micronutrientlevei of these soils is adequatefor crop requirements.The soils have high moisture retention capacity,well drained,moderately pemneable, none to slightly water eroded,and occur on nearnylevelled lands. The underlyinglayer is composedof fine loamy layer mixed with gravei.

~~Geology: Major portion of this Basin is coveredwHth granite, volcanicsand metamorphic rock formationswith a very thin aliuvial sol cover.The geologyand aquifer featuresin the basin(Map H3) are:~~

* ln Barmer,Jalore, Jodhpur and Nagaurdistricts, recent to sub-recentaeolian and fluvial depositsof quatemaryera with unconformityat the baseof the alluvium. • ln Paii district,the Upperproterozoics directly overlie the post-Delhiigneous rocks.

Land forms: Aliuvial and sandy plains are extensively developed in the Luni basin, essentiallywest of Aravali range,where relict hilís and scatteredsandy hummocks are also found. Sand dunes,both fLxedand shifting, are found, depositedboth on the alluvial plains and on the windwardside of the ridges.The Aravali range,running northeast to southwest, with its ridges,escarpments and relicthilis, formsthe backboneof the basinto the east.

Land use: Out of total land area of 3.736 Mha of the Basin, an area of 1.42 Mha (42 percent)is consideredsuitable for irngation.Of this area, some 0.165 Mhaor 12 percentare underthe existingirrigation projects. A broadbreakdown of the cultivatedland in the basinis given in Box H6.

~~Box HG:Land Use (ha)~~

* Kharlf 260,000 * Rabi 490,000 * DoubleCropped 390,000 * Fallaw 230,000 * Total 137,000

Climate: The Luni Basin has been dassified as tropical desert, arid and hot. The mean annualrainfali varies from 600 mm in the south to 300 mm in the west against an annual evaporationrate of 2500 mm. The basinalso suffersextreme temperaturesrising to more than 45°Cin the summerand fallingto freezingtemperaures during winter. Maximum topsoil temperaturesin lhe sandysoils reach as high as about60°C in May and June. The basinis coveredby the followingthree agro-cíimaticzones (Map H4).

SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April 30,2000 PageH. 4 • Zone 1A And westem plain. • Zone lI A Transitional plain of inland drainage. • Zone IIB Transtional plain of Luni Basin. 3 Water Distribution: The surface water potential has been estimated as 790 Mm /yr About 20 Mm3/yr is diverted to Jodhpur city and 51 Mm3/yr is received from Sabarmati Basin. The annual recharge to groundwater is about 1,190 Mm3/yr. The two major irrigation projects, Jawai and Sardar Samand, 9 medium and 344 minor projects irigate a CCA of 164,600 ha. The irrigated area with groundwater suppiies outside the CCA is estimated at 529,500 ha, which includes sprnkler irrigation in about 68,700 ha.

lrrigation Growth: Very little growth is possible from the water resources of the basin. About 11,000 ha wilI be added to the irrigated area with the ongoing and proposed projects. About 75,000 ha is the planned irrigation with imports from Narmada river.

~~Cropping pattem and crop yields: The major crops of the basin are summarized in Box H7.~~

~~System rehabilitation and modemizationactivities of RWRCP could result in changes in the cropping pattem and a general increase in yields.~~

~~Box H7: Cropping Pattem and Crop Yields~~

~~CroplSeason %Cropped Yield (tiha)~~

~~Kharif Bajra 36.0 0.4 Pulses 12.3 0.4 Cotton 1.8 0.3 Jowar 7.1 0.4 Maize 2.9 0.9 Others 39.9 Rabi Gram 2.5 0.7 Mustard 13.9 0.9 Wheat 7.7 2.2 Barley 0.6 2.0 `,Others 75.3~~

~~Reservoirs: There are two major reseryoirs created by Jawai and Sardar Samand dams. Others due to medium and minor irrigation projects.~~

~~River water quantity: The total annual surface yield has been estimated in SWP for Luni as 1224 Mm3 at 50% dependability.~~

Drain water quantity: Luni river and its tributaries drain the Basin. As the river flows merge intc the sandy river bed in its tail end, most of the time, the flow at Rajasthan border will be minimal, at 90-95% dependability. Presently there is no drainage system in the irrigation commands.

Groundwater table: Groundwater is found both under water table conditions as well as under semi-confined to confined conditions, in most geological formations in the area. The water table depth varies upto 20m bgl (Map H5). Groundwater depth during 1984 to 1998 (Map H6) indicates a general decline in water table in most part of the basin. Groundwaterin Jalore, Jodhpur and Nagaur is over exploited, while the exploitation level in Pali, Rajasamand, Sirohi and Ajmer districts is in semi-critical stages (Map H7).

SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 PageH. 5 Water Use: The 1995water use and projectionsup to 2015 are given in Table H1.1 and H1.2.The total water use of 1352Mm 3/yr during 1995is projectedto rise to 2234 Mm3/yr by the year2015. The non-irrigationdemand will be about20% of the total demand.

Sedimentation:The suspendedsediment load of the streamsis reportedto be rangingfrom 2 to 10 g/it (Chatteji and Vangani,1985). TAHAL (1998) estimatedsiitation rates on the basis of data from existing reservoirsin the basin, as well as information on slft load observationat river gaugingsites, maintainedby CWC and ID. lt assumedthat 55% of the incomingsift is in the live storageand 45%in the dead storage.TAHAL (1998)reported the silt load for Luni Basinas 355 m3lkm2/yearfor plains and 155 m3/km2/year for the mountains region.The reductionin the live storagecapacity of dlfferent dams over the yearsshow less than one percent per year of slh depositedin the reservoirs.As the irrigationdams are designedfor 100years life expectancy,the sit load in the basinis consideredlow.

~~2.2 ChemicalEnvironment~~

~~River water quality: The quality of Narmadawater, proposedfor import to Luni Basin, is very good,EC of 0.2to 0.3 dS/m.~~

R.srvoir Water quality: The Total Soluble Salt (TSS) content of Jaswantsagarand Sardarsamandreservoirs is reportedin the rangeof 180to 553 ppm (Chatteqiand Vangani, 1985).The monitoringby SPCB indicatedthat the BOD leveis (5.9-10.0mg/t) in Pushkar lake in 1993-95were higherthan permissiblelimits (2-3 mg/1),while the DO leveis (0.5-1.6 mg/l) werelower than permissiblelimits (6-4 mg/l)for drinkingwater.

Groundwaterquality: Groundwateris used for inigation as well as non-irration purposes. The quality of groundwateris highly vadableranging from 1 to 25 dS/m (MapH8 and H8.1). The chioridecontent is varyingfrom lessthan 100 to 8000ppm. About 80%of groundwater used for irrigationin the Basinis saline. Groundwaterin 55%area is not sultablefor drinking (Map H9). The BOD leveis(3.0-4.5 mg/l) in welis monitoredby SPCB aroundPali indicated leveis higher than permissiblelimits (2-3 mgll). In case of DO, the leveis (1-3 mg/l) were lowerthan the permissiblelimits (6-4mg/) for drinkingwater.

Souisalinity, sodicity and soíl quality: The salinity in soil and groundwateris quite high. Vast stretchesof natural sait affectedsoils occur in the basin. Due to weatheringof rocks, salts are releasedin the catchmentsof ephemeralstreams. The salinity is developedalong the banks and depressionswhere these streamsare lost. Thus natural salt affected soils develop.Use of saline/sodicgroundwater for irrigationalso gives rise to salinity.Secondary salínizationdue to waterloggingin irrigationcommands is also prevalent.The soils of an ama of about153,000 ha are estimatedto be salinisedin the basin(Dept. Agri., 1969).

Intensivecropping, inadequate use of organic matter and inappropriateuse of fertilzers particularlyin irrigated areas may lead to soil degradationdue to sustainedremoval of nutrients. Howeverno substantiatingevidence was available from the Basin and needs monitoring.The averagegrain yieldsof inigatedcrops such as wheat,gram and mustardare found 20 to 40 percenthigher over non-irigatedcrops (1996-98)in the basin indicatingthe enhancementin soil ferility underimigation conditions.

Point source pollution: Industrialeffluent, municipalwaste includingsewage effiuent, over use of fertilizersand pesticidesare the major sources of pollution.RIICO has set up 12 industrialareas in Pali and 2 in Jalore districts up to October 1998 (RIICO,1998).The locationsof the prime industrialareas may be referredto Map 4.10, Volume2. In addition, there are a numberof industriesoutside the RIICO industrialamas. The presentindustries clustersat Pali and Balotra in the basin are consideredas hot spots for pollution.The Jojri River, a tributary of Luni has becomea pool of stagnatedand contaminatedfrom affluent dischargesof dyeingindustries. SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April 30,2000 PageH. 6 Effluentdata from the dyeingindustry in Pali indicatedhigh level of pollutantconcentrations (mg/i):TSS 684; COD386; oil andgrease 16 (SPCB,2000). This wouldsuggest the needfor effluenttreatment prior to dischargeinto recievingstreamst land application.

~~There are 26 cities or towns in the basin in 1999 without seweragesystem and sewage treatmentplant.~~

Dlffuse source of pollution: Domesticand industrialsewage disposalinto rivers and lts reuse for irrigationcauses deterioration in land quality and pollutes the impactedaquffer systemsin the area.In addition,lands are salinizedwith salinegroundwater inigation.

Fertilizer use: Fertilizeruse is much belowthe use in the state in 1997-98.The average annualfertilizer use in the total croppedarca (irrigatedand unirrigated) duulng1997-98 (in the form of nutrients,kglha) in dlfferentdistricts in the basin(Map 4.12, Volume 2) is foundto rangefrom 25 to 50 kgthain Pali districtand lessthan 25 kg/hain Jaloredktrct. Assuming, farmerswould apply fertilizer only in irrgated arcas,then the rate of applicationranges from 44 to 137kg/ha. Discussions with StateAgriculture Department and RAUindicated that up to 200 kg/ha of fertilizer use ( in the form of nutrients)annually in the prevallingcropping pattemis consideredsafe andwould not haveadverse residual impact.

Pesticide use: The pesticideconsumption in the basinduring 1997-98(as per TGW was 0.12 to 1.27 kglha (Map4.13, Volume2). The limited studiesconduded during 1991-99at RAUResearch Station at Durgapura(Jaipur) showed some residuallmpact on vegetables. Water qualitymonitodng from agricuituralrunoff wfth regardto pesticidescontent does not exist for limiting use within the limits of standard maximum residue levei for dlfferent pesticides( Annexure11.8, Volume 2).

~~2.3 BiologicalEnvironment~~

Biodiversity: Most of the Luni Basínis occupiedby semi-desertwith a sparsevegetation cover and a limitednumber of species,with a forest cover of about6%. The fragile habitats of the indigenousflora andfauna have been under pressure for manyyears in the basinfrom the actions of humansand the browsingof migratingherds- mainly of sheep,goats and cameis- whichhave depletedthe grasslands,and somespecies had becomeendangered or rare beforethe advent of irrigated agriculture,which has quiet profoundlychanged the originaldesert ecology in the basin.

Natural desert flora: The environmentin the basin restrictsthe numberand lets oniy the most ecologicallyefficient plant speciesto survive. Therefore,most of these desert plants are of local origin. The predominantfamilies of plantsare Poaceae,Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Cyperaceae,Convolvulaceae and Maivaceae.

ln the Luni Basin,the treesare degradedand have limited economicimportance. There is a predominanceof xerophyticspecies and the vegetativecover is sparse.Salar (Boswellia serrata), Dhokra (Anogeissuspendula), Thor (Euphorbia caducifolia), Bordi (Zizyphus nummularia), ker (Capparia decidna), pilu (Salvadora percia), safed kikkar (Acacia leucophloea)form the part of naturaldesert flora. The grass cover is very poor and grazing has severelyreduced the cover.The bioticdisturbance on the trees is aiso conspicuous.

Desert fauna: The natural fauna of Luni Basin is essentiailythose of Thar Desert. Particularlyimportant in the contextof conservation,is the Great lndian Bustard,Chloris nigricepsvigors, whichas an endangeredspecies is fully protected;it is aiso found in this region,making it the rarestbustard of índia and possiblyin the would.The desertcat, Felis libyea, the caracal, Felis caracal,and the desert fox, Vulpes vulpes pusilla, are becoming extremely rare because of the decline in natural habitat and trapping for their pelts. Endangeredspecies like the monitorlizard and tortoisealong with otherspecies like jungle SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30,2000 PageH. 7 babblers,wolf snake, cobra,dhaman and kraits,which madethe basin rich in desert fauna, are being threatenedby the humanactions and bioticdisturbances.

~~Ecologically sensitive arcas: Luni Basincontains RaoliTatgarh, and parts of Fulwar ki Nal and MountAbu sanctuariesand thirteen ciosed areas.~~

~~Lakes: Pushkarand Budha Pushkarlakes are importantfor reíigiousand migratorybirds' movement.~~

~~FomlstAma: The Basinhas a forestarma spreaded in 239,400ha underdlfferent categories (reserved,protected and unclassfiled)which is 6% of the total catchmentarca of the basin.~~

Noneof the plannedprojects appear to be in the ciose vicinity of forests(Map 4.15, Volume 2). Projectsproposed to be locatedwithin 10 km of the boundaryof reservedforests or a designatedecologically sensitive area, or within25 krmof the boundaryof Nationalpark or sanctuary will require environmentalclearance from the Central Govemment. Hence, locationof any such projectlying in the vicinity of the forest land, sanctuary,national park hasto be finalizedobserving these legal requirements.

~~2.4 Socialand Cultual Environent~~

Population: A majorityof population(82%) is rural;Ajmer and Pali are the two cities.About 676 vUllagesand 25 towns of dlfferentpopulation sizes are in the basinarca. Thereare 24% scheduiedcaste and scheduied tribal populationas against30% in the state.

~~Settlement: Populationdensity in Luni basin is 108 personsper square kilometer.Wide variationexists in populationdensity from 7 in Sirohidistrict to 120 personsper squarekm in Pali district.~~

Gender Equity: In the Basin,there are 934women for 1000men. The female literacyrate is 14%,which is lessthan the states average.The mean age at marriageis 17 years, whichis an impedimentto educationand development of women.

~~People participation: Thereare 695 cooperativesocieties and 3 NGOsIn the Basin.~~

Nomads: Nomadismis a survivalresponse of manto the desertenvironment. ln the difficuh conditionof the desert,Nomadism has evolved as a way of life from ancienttimes. lf water, food and fodder can not come to people , the people must move to the sources of these essential commodities.ln Luni Basin the nomadic communitiesarem: pastoral nomads namelyRebari in westemdesert and Garasiya tribal communitiesin southemAravali hilis.

~~2.5 CommunityHealith Envirorment~~

Malariais the diseaseof mostconcem even thoughits incidenceis low withinthe Luni Basin. ln 1997, 4 cases per 1,000 personswerm reported. For other water related diseases,the reported cases per 1000 populationare 1.3 (typhoid),10 (gastroenteritis),9 (diarrhea)and 0.2 (Jaundice/hepatitis).Poor quality drinkingwater could be a reasonfor large cases of gastroenteritisand diarrhea.

The existing communityhealth problems in irrigatedare sketchy.Further data wilI have to be collectedfrom the existingpublic health centresand medical facililies in rural areas to addressthe possibleincrease in water bom diseaseseffectively.

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apnl30,2000 PageH. 8 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS~~

~~3.1 General~~

A discussionon impactidentification, methodology and guidelinesfor predictionof impacts, typical examplesfor the RWRCP and plannedprojects is containedin the SEA Report (Volume2). For the Luni Basin, the impact assessmentmatrix for RWRCPand planned projectsis given in TablesH3.1 and H3.2, respectively

~~3.2 lmpactsSpecific to Luni Basin~~

~~32.1 RWRCP~~

Atthoughmostly positive,there would be a concemon possiblereduction in groundwater rechargedue to rehabilitationand modemizationof imgationsystems, as over exploitation and/orsemi-critical stage of developmentis in the entire basin.

~~32-2 Plannedprojects~~

Most of the plannedprojects appear to be in armasln which the groundwater is over explolted.New irrigation in such areaswill providean environmentconductive to increased recharge.The impactswill be two fold: a reductionin pumpingdepths for domesticdemand in over exploitedarcas in the If irrigationschemes and, an increase in waterlogging conditionsin shallowwater table armas. In both cases,the conditionspromote the needfor judiciousintegrated surface and groundwater management.

~~4.0 MMGATIONPLAN~~

The mitigationmeasures mainly pertainto efficient use of surfacewater, conjunctiveuse of surfaceand groundwater, adequatedrainage, management practices for agricultureinputs such as INM & IPM, regularmaintenance of 1 & D systems,involvement of WUA in the distribution,management and maintenanceof canais,industrial and municipalwaste water effiuenttreatment before discharge into rivers or spreadon-land surtace or use for irrigation.

The waterquality monitoring, analysis and enforcement of legal requirementsto maintainthe effluent quality from industries,sewage and agriculturerunoff should be ensuredby the suggestedagencies (Chapter 11, Volume 2). A discussionsfor each of the measuresis includedin the SEA ReportVolume 2.

~~SEA-Final Report - Volume3 April 30,2000 PageH. 9 Box H8: Measurs to SustainPositive Impacts~~

RWRCP PlannedProjects * O&M of l&D network * IWAM * IWAM * O&Mof l&D network * OFD * Newdrainage network * Groundwatermanagement * OFD * INM,IPM, weed control * Groundwatermanagement * Effluenttreatment * WUAformation * Provisionof drainage * WaterPricing * Infrastructuredevelopment such as roads, * INM,IPM, weed control training marketsand credit & input facilities * Avoidanceof locaingprojects near * 100%membership in WUA ecologicalsenstve areas * Farmers/NGOtruining Infrastructuredevelopment such as road * Watersupply and sanitation marketsand credit & inputfacilities

~~Box H9:Mitigaton Measures~~

RWRCP Planned Project Groundwatermanagement (control of over * IWAM exploitationof GW) * OFD * AgnculturalDrainage * Maintainin-stream flow requirements * O&Mof l&D network * INM,IPM, weed control * Efuent treatment * Water supply& sanitation * Community-health

~~SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30,2000 PageH. 10 Table HI.1: An Overvbewof Features of Luni Basin~~

S.No. Bain Faturas Value Inoiation Source 1 TotalCatchment arca 37.363Km; Taial ______(11%of the Stite aa) 2 Dlstrics Arma,kn % of Balin Ama Ajmrer 2.019 5.4 Tahal Bamier 6,557 17.6 Bhihwaa 1 Jabwe 8 820 23.6 Jodhpur 31033 61 Nigaur 1 846 4.9 Pali 12446 33.3 Raiasamand 446 1.2 SinmF,i 2,082 5.6 Udairur 113 0.3 3 Popiaoan Million) 1991 1995 2005 2015 Rural 3.4 3.6 4.4 5.2 Tdal Cties 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 Towns 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.2 Total 4.5 4.9 6.1 7.2 4 Todaiculturabie ara (Mha) 1.42 gth Pian Averaqe ftriaaledama (Mha) 0.48 S Totalmean annual surface War ontial (Mm3NYrl 790 gth Ptan

Sha fi laif n to hniort ito tis bain (Mm3NYr) _ ____ 747 *Ulilized(Umhrní) 415 9a% UM_lzed 27 10 TotalGrunciwater annaal mham 19 194 GWD GOR UUie_ mlw_ 1 370 - tlie_ 115 7 Total CCA (h&)__ Wlth bain wat9r 6617 e O_x3nq ects Z5146 Predt Prmparaa__ 8U415 Wlth m wa9oraportr Prowsedfrom TNnre of Voarmada |a73,110 T72 Total I248,706 8 Ama Irrigad uain Groundw 199 aMa *Exi:nst 534,349 Vibl Stetístics * In th vear 2015 (assumed) 512,751 9 Watr Transfhm.Mm"/Yr ___ Fromoutside Ralsacn 747 T1 1No Non4Thiausion Waver dcmnd fMm3/vr) _ aS 1_ •Danestc 199 Tahal f thusSnal&Coirmo4 s_ LiUvestd 65 Total ------368 Sources:11'TAHA & WAPCOS, 1998,Water Resunure Planin fór LuiUN " 2) Prqe Preparation Unit 3) eporsbt of IrrCgatin,GOR, Jaipr 1996.) Relport oa the Wlh rape on SmgtFn er Tr nVtoFme Ye3r Plan (13997 2000) 4) G» WaterDep;w t. GOR,1999,Grourr Watr Ra of R~ (irngabon Potential) as on Janwy1998.

Note: The vaiues have been axnled fmm vwu sou nd adote, wfit bet >udge~ for this SEA stuy. Themfrel thes values may rot be aPprn for de~gin devaio~m works (coth RWRCP arxdplane pw~c) wifn nd a~id the re~tive CCAss

~~SEA: Final Report - Volurre 3 Apil 30, 2000 Page H.1 1 Table HI.2: Luni Basin Water Development upto year 2015~~

Water Development Inigatlon Rehabilitatíon Non4-lgdation Other Water Prolects 4 2t Projects _ Prole s _ Prol_cs Rainfed Watershed Evaporatlon BSuin's WR WR OFD OFD RWRCP Donmstt Uvestock Industdral Agriculturo"' Dev. & Soll ponda SW GW Transfer wlth PRFOb Urban Rural Thermna Other Conservation stagnant

Command Non Import 8SD SAIFT power water command Present development Area IMha 0.165 0.005 0.530 1.206 0 021 _Water use: MMrnVr 93 11 1.79 51 12 7 1 4 Expanslon upto 2015 Ara (Mha) 0.011 0.00 0.021 0.07 0.081 4 01i 0.15 lWalerwesa Mm'lvr 64 -73 71 1( 1 - Year 2015 cumulativ Area (Mha) 0.17 0.00! 0.50 0.07 - - 0.081 _ _ _ 1.19 0.171 - pro ections Water use: Mm'hr 99 1_1 17 764 _ - 11 171 14 5

~~1 Rainfed agriculiureIs assumedas tolal area suitablefor hlrgalionminus lhe Canal CommandArca. 2 WalershedDevelopment Program Consliluteuplo 30% kNlgatedare* wlth the Individualblock~~

Sources: 1) TAHAL& WAPCOS, 1998,Water Resoce Plannlngfor Luni Basin 2) GroundWaler Deparimenl,GOR, 1999.Ground WaterResources of Rajasthanlrrigation Polential as on January 1998 3) WatershedDeveloprnent and Sol ConservationDepartment. Jalpur 4) Directorateo( Agricultura.Rajasthan. 1998. Vital AgricultureStatistics, 1997-98

Note: The values havebeen complid from variou* sourcesand opledwlth bes' judgementfor this SEAstudyh merefore these values may nol be approprlatefor deslgnlngdevelopment wortfs (both RWRCPand planned recta) wlthin and outslde the respectiveCCAs.

~~SEA:Final Reporl -Volume 3 Pa H 12 April 30 2000 Tabie HI.3: Salient Feature of Existing, On-going and Proposed Surtace Water Projects in Luni River Basin~~

Completion ~~Fr. Liv. Status Clas Compllo No.of Prject Catchment Strage CCA Voar ~~~~~ ~~ArmaCapactty 2 3 ______1c~~~~~~~ Mm ~ha ~~~m Existng Maior 2 2.478 297 51,635 Medium 9 5,463 225 35,489 Minor 344 12,587 410 77.493 Subtotal 355 20.528 932 164,617 Omqoi Minor 2000-2015 4 129 11 2514 Proposed With BaesinResoue Mediurn | r 2000ai 382 24 2.784 Mnor 2000-2005 241 6551 45 5,631 Subtotal 251 1,037 68 8,415 WithImpor~t Namiada |a| 1 615 73,160 BasinTotal 3851 21.6941 1,627 1 248,706 CCA: CulturalCommand Arma Majpr CCA > 10,000ha Medium: CCA2.000 - 10.000ha Minor CCA< 2.000ha Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS.1998, Water Resou~s Plmiangfor LuniBasin

~~Tabi. H1I4: Rajasthan Watar RemourcesConsolidation Projsct PRFOand SAIFT Components for Lun River Bal.n~~

Y1r f Culturabi. S.No. amof Pro,t Drlct Comphaonr Cammnd 1 1 1 ~~~~~~______arma (ha) MajorProject 1 IJawai rmgationProjecd Paãii 1957 41.423 2 Srdar Samand (Pa 1905[ 10212 Total j _ _ 51.635 MediumProects_ 1 IKharda Dam Pali 1930 2,120 2 _RaipurLuni Pali 1969 3.276 3 Hernawas Pali 1911 8,073 4 Ora Sirohi 1957 4,567 5 Angom Sirohi 1982 3.445 6 BankiBund Jalore 1904 5,382 Total 26,863 MinorProis_ 1 Madarka Naiah- 1 Sirohi 1971 530 2 Mithn Pali 1970 1,890 Total 2,420 GrandTotal 80.918 Source. ProqectPreparation Uni.t

~~SEAFinal Repot -Volume3 Apri 30. 2000 PageH.13 Table 14I: Existing Environmental Condltions within the Luni Basin~~

~~Exkstlng BaselineInformator S.No. Enw'ronriental~~

C;ondltlons ______1 Physicul Demoraphy(rmillion) 1991- 4.50.1999-5.0, 2015 * 7.18 Topography Eastempart is markedby halyterrain of Aravaiichain, West of te hils lies a narrw aeuw plainwhich 9ry siopeswest wards.It Is choracterizedby flat sandyterrain Soas Carnorthidscadorthids(major in N-E side), ustod&npts in S-E part, Tornpsaanr s calciorthids Paeords in N-W Part. Geooogy Cual to We era.The f«mr is r_d by Aedin andflul dv whm latir by oandstones, limestone. granite, m~yot, dolomile,asN and s. LandForrns Struiiral hNsand rs (vali range),studcuaiy contolled and er a modlfed voUqs, o t aiys wlfin parawilNildges of Arvli range,awuvial and a pad westof Aravai, usnddunes bot flxedand s ~ina. 2 2 Lan use brigablearma - 13714lm 1and uses dasses(kcn ): Khaiff - 2B02,Rabi - 4914,re a~ e- 3M96.andfalbw-2302 3 WabrDkstribuDon kInterbasin ta er fnamBanas (37 Mm/yr) and Sabarrati (19 Mm3/yr ) MosDiya~ mTigaion.Spr tems 13742appoxm irrigatmdara by sçrlco - 68700ha.. IngabonGrowth Pnt CCA - 164.616ha, CCA in year 2015 - 175,545ha which are 12 & 13 % potentallyIrigablo and.Planned 73,160 ha fromNarrada nterbaain tmnsfmr. CroppingPaenem Khari: Caotn- 0.8%,Jowar- 7.1%,Bana - 36%,Maze - 3%. Pulses12.3%; Rab: Whut 7.8%,Barley - 0.6%,Gram - 2.5%,Musard - 13.9% Clirnate Mean r l-320 mmr,riny days-32,Mea annualdaily taieriature: Max.32.11. minn 18.1C: meanannual RH- 56.4to 37.6,rmen anual windsweed-7 knVhr. Reservoirs Existinq:2 naior,9 med.,& 344niun. RiverWater Quantity Totalmean annual nalural suiface waslr potntDal-1224Mm3. Annual yield ai he of Lurn fiam Raias~anat 50%dePendbilit821 MrYyr. GroundWater tabie 7 to 30mbgi phreaticand cofined cnditions. GWdeplotng amas in Northand South West Waterloggedarmas 425,00ha 2 Sedimentati,r m3/km/yr Moutain pat-155 (av.df Ban & Bananr a). Pbin part-355(75% of B_na bai). 2 Chemíc l River WaterOuality Resorvoirwater quality Groundwateruality Poorto verypoor. EC range1 to 25 dS/m& Ci <100to 8000ppm scatteredhroughout bzin. About 80%df tic gn wate used fbr higabo in fthe bssi s salinc.55% sru cl~sfed unsuiteblefor d~.dn SoitSalinity and Sodicdhr hn Almer,BNhitams Jodhpur N~.r Palli. Area=423000ha (TahalAnnex. N-4). Pointsource Podluion 14 industrialare s. Two hot spots.Untreated sewage effluent of 9.4 Mmyr fnxn 26 cities

Diffusesource Polluton Sewaaedis osal hnnvers Fertibizeruse ToWaNPK:55500t (N.40154 t (25.5 kg/ha),P- 15024t (9.4 kglha),K-321 1 (0.2 kgtha)) 1997-98.Levei of useis wlln ronmndd ts. Pestiadeuse 333t (0.65kqla") TGM. 1997-98. IWeed kilberusse INaSid 3 Boal"ical DesertEnvironment Dry lands,xeotic vegtion exue of Temperatureand scantyra~nfi, a ancndur fixingand s~n tvpe. Natural uesenFlora Xenchabitat plants df 700different types, grasses 107 species, other pbnts are zyzyphus Tasnrx Salvadora,Ancsia, EupLhoria and prosopis.Imnortant plant of value isp spuciMera. Eridangeredflora SEximdradilate,_a__*_. E o d Tmcarrimellaundulate, Tribu_u DesenFauna Difomrentvanebes of faun. Birds found are Graypanndge, bushl quail, buzzwrds. andanimais like Blackcbudc, fox Moraoose, and Bear, Jaciks Conservabonareas 3 Raoli Taigar andpat 01Fulwadi I Nal and MouniAbu sanctuanes. 13 placasare unde dosed sreawhe hunlinais prihlbited. Lares Pusiçar. Budhapushxar and part of Rasaramandlake icmortantfram iguus andmgi birdsmnovemenL Wildtife Bigfelimes. lcal andrnigay b"ids,pacals, deersroaming around h protbed ms.

~~Forests,sq.km. Dry scub and xeric vegtatuon Thornybs. Forest Reserve1243, P_rotd 976= Unrdassified175( Total 2394). Wetlands No naturalwettand.~~

~~SEA:Final Report - Vodurm3 Apri 30.2000 PageH.14 Table H2.1: Existing Environmantal Conditions wlthin the Luni Basin~~

Existing Baeline Information S.No. Env~ronmantal Conditions Endanqeredfauna Great lndianBustard, Desert Fox. Desert Wolf Biodiversity Richin Biodiveruityvaned medidnal value plants like Balanites,Ephedra, Corriphora, and _Capparis. 4 Socio- Cultural Crop Yeilds.tha Kharif - Cotton - 0.3, Jowar 0.39, Bazra- 0.38, Maize - 0.93, Pulses 0.38; Rabi - Wheat - 2.24,Bariey - 1.95, Gram- 0.72, Mustard - 0.93 Foodfor Work Proaram NoaDdlicabie Landtenure (1995-96) Av.size of holdinp(ha),7.89 SettlementPatem (1991) Popuiationdensity-108 per sw.km. Qualityof lite (1995-96) Totaliitracy-31.6%.Dec.dal g rste(1981-91>.23.2i rabh-3.7.da ate-1.68W mortalftyrat-1 13,elibcicity conrm1 l 081.1Mkwh (1995-96). Genderequity 933wmon por 1000rmn; Man Age at Ma~riage(yr.) -16.56; Fa iibracymis (%) 14.37;Total Feofliltyrato - 6.12 Peoçiopartiapabon Co-operativesoiiebes - 695 Tourism Notvery sianificant except visit to Pushkar. Histoncalsites 2 - Brinmal(Jalore) & Nadol(Pali); Forts - 5, Tempie- 7; Lake- 1 NGO invoivement 3 Indigenouspeopie PasItoralnorads nameiy Rbarn in westemdesert and Gaiy jb _wnui Be wouth Aravali hiiis. 5 CommunityM.eath tcases r pod ln 1997) Malaria 19174.cas per1000 - 4 Gastroenteritus 50616,cases per 1000- 10 Jaundice 1088,cauos per 1000 - 0.2 Diarrhoea 41783,cases per 1000 - 9 Typhoid 6552.casos poer 1000 -1.3 Source: SeeReferecs

~~SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30. 2000 PageH.15 Shiet 1 ol 2~~

~~Tabu 1MA:Luni Rtver Baain EMP: Impact AgaeasmentMatix for RWRCP~~

RWRCPCampom lmprovd lrrigon menagem.ntand ransfr AlilcultumlIntenslfsilcabon Susainable grund waterrsourc mangemnt. RWRCPActivitem: RehablRatlon and inodemlzatton d 180systems hn 80.918 hc: L'ningof canaisand waiar courses (as needed>; rethabailto adstãcta; m rvic oada;flow meaeutreent rmovedof unautised oufit: uemod nadouteb formtof WJA and Wat Disr obuonCommKte; Stre. hengagriultur xerlt and,farmr thmh lhh PRFOandSAFT S.No. Environmenti Potentalin"pact Ratingai npactefor Slgniftcanca Mesure* to cuutai MItira a iMa ur, RasldualImpacta Parametar Par mabr ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(scop»/dur(aapemaegnitude/alilhdar i diailn1dl ectionl nturlnule ar poasiivaeUetlat Impacta forrn negatv v Impactoist ______durtl nl r nav lifflhl 1 Physkal__ _ 1 PboQap ______NO u tni iiiy ______1 Amo^ a__-v No _nped_ _Nil Negligibie on a ector-~lde 2 T Pihy Landeprmo ntnsuln wide/paos fivoAirrev erslbl basis 3 Sons:waler in Reducd wate alno Local/ ilowosJli iong-iemlreversible O& l 80I neDor~ 4 Sois:Ouaity IncreasedIrtflly IWAM 5 Geo~oay No npadct Ni 6 Landbfoms 7 Land use: headend O Landuse: middbe ;o hrnrovtaLent Loct1ieow/losit rn-mreversible IWAMObiM ad I0 naiwol 9 Land use: tal and ChaMe oemn to Muoc_ 10 On-larmdev ok e l.monwadlind ieveRho >ceV a _ OFO 1 Walerdistulbufin System IncreasedsuppIy tal end;lnasea d LocaI VW posWv/ ng-tefmfreversiba IWAM,OM ot 10 netD ltnIgitn licieny 122Orak em Imp.oveddra"ge h aLcadllou ea-m raibi 13 al_itonIntensitY Incrtast Locelf V poaei bno-W reversibie 14 iatn0rwi ___ 1S Crwpin Inten itv LoceVbwl ~ bnnt ~rveru 1i Cr_ painpeitm Iniroduion dhiah vakJe a LaaV Ioni msibbrodve a 1t Cimbta No kilpac NU tS Resr 19Suriec wltr quanttly Somnknw~se LocVIopoUvlo -thmrvwi rJownsiram ______20 Dtir wabterquanllt Redud quni1tv Lo ciaslival_onahn rev a3Md 18 nwoul 2tGW aquferRecharge Reducedntchroe Lorwl ngative11ongtermlrvrslble Controld overexpiaitaicon oi ______0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~W.GWdepel fmonIl%dg 22 GW d~ple*n No het NU __ 23 GWtbba rite Lower atir abbe LoatVbwt po elvIng-~ rnvevers7bb Contaidovar expitatloni GW,GW ______d~~~~~~~~~~~cepibuonlodg 24 Conuncv use lInease __ _ _ 25 Enasion Cleanh adcantIs. wamlr coureo 8 drmai ask~ dmedium.posdi nr reveralia O&M d180 ne

26t Sedlmanlaol______2 Che*micai ______27 Surfaccaiar qut41y Reducadpoílun frm ag"ntanicato L~ca ibwtposlllvd Img-ermlme IFIMiPM: wead contrai; WC mnfloqi.p downstrearn 2i Dntin waf qutinY ltyro t dueb INiW PM LoroUediur/ plla lsh - Memvarover 29 ReserNoirW hr Ou No NripacN 30 GWdrlnI ua

~~32 Soil hnsdi sa lliv - ci al Dlnitvaoa an-trm/ nrbb~dudlon _ Pm n d dr 33 P o h No hnpad NU 34 D~ius aoir goli7utio _-__ -______~~

~~SéeNot ai Shteal2~~

~~SEAFhial Report Volu * Pg H 1 Apri 0 200 Sheet 2 of 2~~

~~Table H31: Lunl River Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for RWRCP~~

RWRCPComponentsa tmprovedivrrgaiion management and transfer; Agriculturalilnensificaiion: Sustainableground waterresource management. RWRCPActiviflas: Rehabilitationand modemizatianof 1' sysiems In 80,918 lha:Llning of canaisand watercourses (as needed); rehabilltaliondi struures: servicernods, flow measurement; remov81of unauthorisedoutiets; femod ling of ouliats;formation oa WUAand Water bistribuion Commitlee; Str eningagricultura exlensbon: and. tarmer training throughPRFO andSAIFT. S.No. Environmental Potential Impact Rating ot Impacte for Significanca Measures to ustain Mltlgation Meaures Residual Impactb Paramebr (seapei magnituda?directioni neutral or positivo impacta for negative impacts duration/ reversibilHNy 35 Feni'ke_ruse ialanced use Local/aow/neutral/Ing-termmre9ersible INM 36 Pesecide usc IPM 3/ Weed kiiier use __ _ Weedcontrol & lmrainin 3 Biologlal 38 Conservaiion arcas No Impact Nil 39 Wdiifd 40 Forests 41 Endanderedflora 42 Lakeshvaer bodloe 43 BkodivenHs_t 4 Socio-uilurai 44 Croo yebd ncrease LocaUbl~ positive/ bna-temVlrveribte IWAM 45 Food for Worxkprogrm No hmpadtNi 48i and tenura 47 Sentiemenipattam 48 Ouality d Mo Improvameniin socboeomy, tnese h0 Loca/ medium/ postlve/ Iong-lemi/lreversible Infraslructuradeveiopment such as roads, iercy rate, kicrease ln por capita hkcome maret and credit & hput facfiNtes

49 Gender equity lmproved Status of wornen,lncreae hn LocaVhighl posilivel ong-termt trrewrsibi Hiteracy,morepatlcipation In tfrming and docision 50 Peopie particlpatlbn Increasedparcipaiion through WUAs Locai hlgh/postive/ kng-tenn/ reversible Farmer tralning. 1i00%membership lnVWUA

St Tourismn No Imp8ct NH 52 Histodcal slhas 53 NGO Increased Iwoivement bocaWowtposirve/nanteomlireversibe NGO trainhig 54 IndiqenousPopie No prohcpoposals In tribal arca NHl 5 CommunHtyHeaHth 55 Oiseases:urban No invac 58 Díseases:nral Dcreasa ln he incdknce od meiaria and Local/ bow poslive/ iong-lomI reversíbie Wator supply & seniltaton otiherwater relateddiseases 57 Dlseases:Hlve stoacr INo hmnadN Nole 1) Scop.: Local: Is within 1 km ol the proposeddevebpoment eity. bastn-wldeIs within the basin ttaHe,regional hsvwtiih Relasthan 2) Magnitude:High means >75%,medium Is between 50-75%,tow hs 25-50%and neoglgibieIs lesa than 25% 3> Directlon:Nei posi5ve,negative or neutral inpacd 4) Duratbon:bong-lemm is >10 years, medium -lernmIs 2-10 yeans.shor - lerm Is <2 years 5) Reversibity: Reversibiear Irreversibl (positivoor negative) impadlo lhe resourta/populaliin (wHhina proiedad lime -tramm o 15 years). 6) Paramelenrrequirlng monloring and denoted <^>

~~SEA: FinalReport .Voium 3 PagaH 117 APri 30. 2000 Sheet 1of 3~~

~~Table H32: Luni River Basin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for Planned Projects~~

Plannsd Projecta EUpto 2015>:Irrigaílon expansmonln 2500i ha (ongoing prolecis); new Irrigalion projects In *dditional 81,500 ha (8,400 ha within basin resources and 73.000 ha with Imports from Narmada); water deve 1 for non- gricuiura p 73 Mm3 (pndust2. dornestlc ttvostock) SNo. Environmental Potential impacte Rating ai impacts moasure to sustain Mitigation menasures Residual impactd paramathr (cipe tude direction/ duro11on/ n utrai or positive Impactb for negativ Impacte or benefita 1 - - r (1.-P., ~~~~~~~~~~~reverslbllHhtj 1 Phyica_l 1 Demography PopulatNon increase due to Improved quality Basin wido lhigh Iposltlvo /iong lerm forfeversible Increased egr$cultureoutputl d_ lle Increased water supply 2 TopoitUDphy Land Improvemenl in inlq81ed area LocalIitw /posiNlvetong lerm firreversible environmentaily benelclal, 3 Solte: Walerlogging Rise hn GW level, and general wslerigging Basin wlde/ mediunv na~bt bong-termm IWAM. OFD and subjed to mHltgalionmeasures ln CCA reversibe Agricutural dratnogo being lrnpiemenied

~~4 Sotis: Ouabity Impnovo osin wldetmediumtpositive/ iong-lermlreversible IWAM~~

5 Geobqqy No Impact NH Leandfrrms 7 Land use: bead end Reinhtd agricuture to irrlgatod agricultura: Basin wtdelmodtumltpositvetiong-term/roversibhl lAM 8 ObM of Ci neiworic Change ln cropping paitem: e Land use: middbe 9 Land use: ta8 end to On4hrm devel~mont Increro 18Umodiumioatiolona-orrmf rvrersfbho abbe OFD model t1 Water dletributlionsystem Increase in agriculture and non-ac rai bsin wldet highlitposHivet ong-temtt/keversibte OFD. IWAM. OM ofi 1D demands. network WUA. Waler Pddng

~~12 Drainage syslem Some improvement. Basin wldeimodium/postvefteormnVirreversible New dminego neto~~

~~13 Inlg81on Intonsity ncreese Bssin wideimedumipostMvetng term trever81bb iWAM O&M of IbD network.~~

14 IrrigaioanGrowth Irrigation exp8nsbn Basin wldel htgb/ posHivetiong-mtnrreversibio OFDOIWAM, C&M of IbD ______~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~notwork.WUA 15 Croççlng Iniensity Increased muitiple croippng Basin wldelmedium/positveliong-tenirreversibo iWAM

l1 Cropping Pailtern Iniaductilon oi hih value eapa Basin widelodtmpostive/tlong termreversibie WAM 1 7 Climate Improvemenl possibio Basin wbdet wi wlt ve lona-lermI Irreveorsibl Ia Reser r Negliib -- Nit 19 Surface water quanflty Reduced In-streem low acato vltt nna~ short-termt reversibie Maíntíin ri-ctream flow requirements 20 Orainwater quantflty Increased dra8nlow Oasln _dmungm nml/revow5lb1e

~~21 GW aqulfer r"ame incraased rechario Basin widaimedtxitive tIong-temt reverusble O&M od i&D networc« IWAM~~

22 GW de ltiOni __ Nagiaibo IWAM 23 GW tabe Risoen wsler tabl Basin widoimed lf nerm/revereibb iWMO&M d o&Dn lwork OFD. IWAM 24 Conjunctiva us8 increa58 LocaV/bwt posilves ong-lermtreveruibe Montorlng of GW expltotation atndenrcedment 25 ErIon Nol signilent_ _ 28 Sedimef8lOitn _

~~Seo Note ai Sheet 3~~

~~SEA Finul Report Volume 3 Page H. 8 AprH 30 2000 w~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Arl3.20 Sheet 2 of 3~~

~~Table H3.2: Luni River lasin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for Planned Projects~~

Planned Projecta (Upto 2015): inigationexpanslon in 2.500 ha (ongoing projects): new irrigailon projects in addillonal 81,500 ha (8.400 ha withfn basin resources and 73.000 ha wHthimport from Nammada); waler develo ment for non-agrdcultureproped5 73 Mm3 (Industry domestlc. lives5ock) S.Na. Environmontat Potentisa Impacto Rsttng of impacts Messurs to sustain Mitlgatlon measuros Residual Impacta parameter

28 Drain water quality Deterlration due to lncreased agro- Basin wide/nediumlnogallylreversible INM, IPM. MonHortng0 chemicais use 29 Reservoir water quality Nerlihlbie Nil 30 GW drinking quality Improved GW quality. deterioration In Sasin wide/ medlum/ positive g negaiva long- Effluent treatment and Industrial areas tenm/reversible entorcement hnIndustrial croas 31 GW irrigatlon qualHty lmproved GW quality easin wldet medium) positivo / ong-termr/ inreversibie 32 Somsalinhty Increased soHs5finliy hrCCA Basin wide/ medlum/ m ~i iong-lerml OFDOIWAM, OM of I&D reversible systems; provtsion of 'frainaqe 33 Poinl source poilutlon Some Increase Locafflownat~l/ong term/reversibio Treatment ol industrial etiluenland enforcement 3.4 Difluse source poilution Untreated sewage effiuent disposai i riovr. LocaUmedlum/n/gatf/n9g-t reversibie Sewage eoffuenntreatment canais and drainago system:detero ration Monitoring of eoffuent of surface WCi and aqulfer poNution_ and enforhement

~~35 Fertilizer use lncreased fertilizer use 8asin wideimediuml neutral/ ong-teml reversibie INM~~

36 Pesticide use Incrased pesticido use and lungicides IPM 37 Weed killer uso Increase Weed contrai treinin_ _ 3 Bioilogcai _ 38 Conservation areas Minimal tmpact Local/ howlneuIral hong-termvIrreversiblo Avoidence ol icating prqCeds Envlfonmentaiiy beneficial for near ecohoglcalsensitive areas biodiversity and wiId life development. 39 Wlidlibe 40 Foresis 41 EndanQeredflra 42 Lakesl*aler bodios 43 ivodiversity iversity and microecolog"cal variation Locallowlpoeltlvelong temlroverelbb

~~po5ssble __~~

~~See Nole at Sheot 3~~

~~SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page H 19 April 30 2000 Sheet3 f 3~~

~~Table H3.2: Lunl River Easin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for Planned Projects~~

PlannedProjecta (Upto 2015t:lrrigation expansion in 2.500 ha (ongo9ngprojedsls new lrrigalionprojects ln additionalô1.500 hia (8,400ha wthilnbasin resources and 73.000ha wlthImporta from Narmada); walerdevelent for non-agr,culture_ _ndustry_prolects 73 Mm3 domestlc,livestock) S.No. Environmental Potentialimpacta Rating a Impacto Measuroto sustain Mittgation moasures ResidualImpacta paremeter (

47 Settomnt paltem Mlgratkmntrom olher frems.ncreaso ln Basinwidel medium/ posHivel Irreversible opuiatlon densHY 48 Quatityof liae improvementin socio-economy:increase lin asinwide/ highUposilivel long-temV Irreverslbie Infrastructuredevelopment literacyrate. increase ln per capitaIncome suchas fnda. marketascredit &input fadillies 49 Genderequity Improvemenlin lhe statusod women, Basinwide/ highI positivelbong-ierm/ Irreversible Increasein fileracy. more partkipation ln farmingand dedalon makn_g 50 Peopbpartliopallon ln ali staqes f proieddevebpmenl Basn wide/hkthl positW lono-temureverslble 51 Tourism Incnease Lcablow/oosHive/bnalermlrreversible 52 Historicalsites Nol knownat thisalago Requireprqect specic ______evaluation 53 NGO lncretsedk"olvement Pasinwidel medim neutraVlong-temv reversble

54 Indigenouspeopbi Mi IPacirnial LoacUbw/ neutrl!VlonWto/lrreversUbe 5 Communly Health 55 Diseases: urban Reducedwater related dbseases due lo LocaVbwl Poslivel long-temvreversibie betierwater supply 56 Dieases: rural Increasedwaler born diaeases ln proe Lowlmediunvnugatng tenmrevertblo Ensurerural weler supply areas. andsanltatorn: monitoring

______ai wa tee r qq uu a f Nltoy t y.wt 57 DIseases: ivestock Reduceddiseases due lo better 1LocaVbow posltive/ long-lenm reversible 1 l~~~~~~noburishtl 1 Nole: 1>Scope: Local: is withint km di theproposed deveboment activty basin-widoIs wfhin lhe basn Ilsei, regbnalIa wilhhnRajasthan 2>Magnitue Highmeans >75%, medium ls boiwen 50-75%.low hs 25-50%and negíligbiela lehsthan 25% 3) Dlrdon: Nel positive,negative or neutrallmpad 4>Duratlon bng-lemn hs >10 year. medlum-lerm hs 2-10 yearsa short termIs <2 years 5>Reverslbility: Reversibe or IrreversibNe(positive or negativeolmpad lo the resource/populatlion(wlthin a projecledtlime - rramod 15 years>. * 6) Plannedprojeds would nol be lmplemenledwithlh 25km od ecohogically and olhertise sensitivaareas (Source: Goel. 1992) ao 7>Pararneten requltg mornitoringa denotod

~~SEA:Final Report. Volume 3 PagoH.20 April 30 2000 DOlrkt d Quarters. Pond~~

~~Stote. Oltrkt, Riw Bs,i n C~.r ftrw, Propoea Canol C Scole 1:2,100,000 Sanctuary. Clod Are a e Arch-o a ExcouonUis/HA4tmico SlDtes~~

~~Tourhtt Slt,, R*lious Pta t~~

~~Gororlyo Tr"oã Con8ty~~

~~epr Cand AÁra E£dstIng, ProcI kTtgalt Projoci - l~~

~~major -~~

~~M.in , / * ) BARMER 5 ; r~~

~~A~~~~~~J~~

~~TAOHAL(1998), NAP WRP2 Map Hl . Luni Basin Development~~

~~SEA: Final Repor1-Volume 3 Page H.21 April 30, 2000 'o ~~~~~~~~~o~~

~~o 4.w~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~*.~~

~~260 ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2~~

~~LA:<~~

~~OTHER NALLAHS RASIN e - -,-- - - -~~

~~~~~ . Sr Ls_ Z S S hS~~~~~~~~~~~~AIIARMATI SASIN o T~~

~~Map H2: SolI Types Key Map of LunI Basin~~

~~Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for Luni Basin~~

SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 Page H.22 April 30, 2000 - ~~~~~~~~LEGEND*

~~CP, O,_-b. . -A _yr~~

~~vy Rb, L-M..S [e§ol ''$ ! -;;T L~ç.r.- 1b 1 ~.|" G-- 11 < g HU/ ~ ~ ~~~

~~TrER 28~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~, g OlS_ __ A ' RICT^t~s ti ! > ; ,< tr> -t __ LNEAMFNS - -~~

~~; t K f _ « 1< * p r | o c: c * E sC1 . ,|~~

~~DISfR~C se OTHERt- ->>f----<-;s,tç NALtAH 8ASIN " \ , te /~~~~~~~~~~~

~~>xJ<- t5uK l8AIN AARMAIR 8SNuopktt~~

~~_ . I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ fi gçllor .\_11.lo 1 '1a GUJARATA , lo~~

Source:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~TTTAHALR WAPCOS,.1998 . Waterfor Resources Luni Basin~Planning ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ISRIC BUNAR 30, 2000~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~BSINeouDAR SEA:Final Report- Volume3 Page H.23 April 1 12- t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~3~ 74'

~~s,g. .__ ,ouS, IDE4~~

~~AUR DIS T R IC T~~

~~SrE2 o~~

~~J _R P O 1 9 C OR I DT JO HPUR1_ t _ X/f;<> f SS \>zie1R#iNaSX~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~lAT -R -`-C~~

~~rJ4 * fi t S I R O S~~

~~-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~PAUI~~

~~A~ R m ~1~~~ ~ ~ ~ RRIR oOMI 2S } òDIO T R tCT!7 ,__1__tOIR7RICT __~~

~~SIROMI ..~~

~~T ' .- _ - Wr rZ " Xv --~ >«) ) , S ,K!I~~~~~~~~. 1ar,/:;T C RTA T SlEOGE~s\I VFCOU5-FIAN f 1H R1U O-. OP UR OIUNORICT7EOOATR J~~ ~RIC ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1FDSRC 2IS~~

~~Source:TAHAL MIN RAPERCOUR SUK~~

~~Map H4: AgrocllmatlcZones and IrrlgatlonDemand Zones In Luni Basln~~

~~Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for Luni Basin 2000 SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page H.24 April 30, LECEND~~

~~10-2Orn.(b9l) Scole 1: 2,100,000 20m-30m,(bgl) .. >30m.(b91)~~

~~.n,,~~~~~~~~~~AA~~

~~Map H5 'Ground Water Depth (Pre Monsoon 1998) of Luni Basin Sovurce: Ground Water Deportment. Ropasthon~~

~~SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Poge H.25 April 30, 2000 LEGEND Ri5e/Deciine(in m)~~

~~4 3 to +S Scole 1:2.100.000 4 to +3 O to -3 =X -3 to, -5 =^;; -5 to -7 r ~- -7 to -10 ;.J> - 10~~

~~X~A WUR`~~

~~JODHP s | .^g~~

~~mia MaP HO Change in GroundWator Depth~~

Stote. Dicrkt. Ril~ Bot - - Cs~. Riler. Prcpo.edCoami C Scole 1:2,100.000
Ct.çorY Stoge of De~eIpmenli
S - Safe Les tharn70% 
| `, SC - Sent Crltkot 70 - 90%
 r-- c-C CutUCc 90 - 1002
_- Over td Grealttr than 100%
A ,5;2 \,NA,U 
-- _-_5= MER-_r,/,SP L\ \ <-
_ _ e _ _ _ _ _ ", Í, , , 
Source:MpH Ground Water Exploltation within Luni Basin, 1998 GroundiWoter Defotment. Ropastraon
SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page H.27 April 30. 2000 ?2 72
JOO*PUR g 
4-
~~~,1 ~~~~~~~ ~~~'A PUR~~~~~~A AT a-AR 
»- _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~BOUN0ARIES 1 25 L~- 3 STAbETEDI5TRICT
~~~3~ ~ ~ OHERNILHAS -
Map H8: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinitiesin Luni Basln Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. Water ResourcesPlannlng for Luni Basin
SEA: Final Report- Volumie3 Page H.28 Apnil 30, 2000 LEGEND EC (dS/m) Scole1:2.100,000 < 4 ,. 4-8 ->8
A(m 
Sour ae Map H8.1 . Sainity in Ground Water of Luri Basin Ground Woter Depnrtfnent.Raasthaer 
SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page H.29 April 30, 2000 72' 73, M
1%~~~~~~ cR T:ŽYCY 
> j p 
-JOAHP TTA J M 
4naU>\lST IC g~~~IM lif : 
 p~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 5~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 2
S> FP
*2 - 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~5
- Ç'~~~ -, P*1 í ~g~'
 a A R m 5~~~~~~e C'ji S ,, T X tOssM*sv-AIURmoT^l^wsi I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ L.. '~~~C mAR MII '1 *,~~~~~~~'t PALI O<'sTft,c~~~~~~~T ro' 
Water~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~for Lun E3si ~ Reore Plnnn DISTRI7CT ~~~, ,~~~~~~~~~.7/ ~~~~~~~~~~STATE1 ~~~~~~~~~~ -I 
 tAL ZO7ffiS -- -- ... ___ i-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~POTENTIAl 2OIdE IANO MON.PO ENT 1 141115~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MLANO141110C1C ~~SIROIIIQ k'Y > ~~~ D A 6 P u M OROUNOWATEROVERORAFT 8 ~~~~~~~~~~~O1 1 7 Rq 1 C T OROUNUftATERUNFI! FORDRINI
1 ~~~- 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~N.~~~~~~~~.. 1Ç¶N./' SUKLI ATBASIRNHAGEPOSMITE
Map H9: GroundwaterKey Mapof Lunl Basln Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for luni Basin April 30, 2000 SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 Page H.30 Dlstrkt H. oaJt.rs. Poncd 8~dr Scole 1:2. 100.000 Stat. Dbtriet, Rir ea0 C
Prot,cl.d A>Je
 cIId >g.o ____m
Plnnud Prost: Motor M.rn
Foett Ar.o
 t: - Prot«cted &hg areoa are nol lo gc<»e
/~~~~~
Map HIO a Forest Areas & Protected areas relative to Plamed _~ ,""",.a__,~~) Projects in Luni Basin
SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page H.31 April 30, 2000
SECTIONK 
SABARMATIBASIN EMP 
SABARMATIBASIN EMP TABLEOF CONTENTS
1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION ...... K.1 1.1 BasinFeatures ...... K.1 1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects ...... K.1 1.2.1 Presentand planned projects ...... K.1 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities ...... Kl1 1.2.3 Non-irrigation development projects ...... K.1 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW ...... K.2 2.1 PhysicalEnvironment ...... K.2 2.2 ChemicalEnvironment ...... K.4 2.3 BiologicalEnvironment ...... K.5 2.4 Socio-culturalEnvironment ...... K. 2.5 CommunityHealth Environment ...... K.5 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... K.6 3.1 General...... K.. 3.2 lmpactsSpecific to the SabammatiBasin ...... K.6 3.2.1 RWRCP...... K.6 3.2.2 Plannedprojects ...... K6 4.0 MITIGATIONPLAN ...... K.6
UST OF BOXES
Box K1: SabarmatiRWRCP (ha) ...... K.1 Box K2: OgnaMinor lrrigation Project ...... K.2 Box K3: LandUse (ha) ...... K.3 Box K4: CroppingPattem and Crop Yields ...... K.3 Box K5: Measuresto SustainPositive lmpacts ...... K.7 Box K6: MitigationMeasures ...... K.7
LIST OF TABLES
TableK1.1: An Overviewof Featuresof SabarmatiBasin ...... K.8 TableK1.2: SabarmatiBasin Water Development upto year 2015 ...... K. TableK1.3: SalientFeatures of Existing,On-going and Proposed Surface Water Projects in SabarmatiRiver Basin: Within Basin Resources ...... 10 TableK2.1: ExistingEnvironmental Conditions within the SabamnatiBasin ...... K.11 TableK3.1: SabarmatiBasin EMP: lmpact Assessment Matrix for RWRCP...... K.13 TableK32: SabarmatiBasin EMP: lmpact Assessment Matrix for PlannedProjects ...... K.15 
SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30, 2000 PageK. i LIST OF MAPS
Map K1: Sabarrnati Basin Development...... K18 Map K2: Soil Types Key Map of £,snarmatiBasin ...... K.19 Map K3: Geological Key Map of ''-,mati Basin ...... K.20 Map K4: Agro-climatic Zones an -ation Demand Zones in SabarrnatiBasin ...... K21 Map K5: Groundwater Depth (Pre Monsoon1998) of Sabarmati Basin...... K22( Map K6: Change in GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon1984 & 1998) of Sabarmati Basin...... K 23 Map K7: GroundwaterExploitation within Sabarmati Basin, 1998...... K24 4 Map K8: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinitíesin Sabaffnati Basin...... K25 Map K9: GroundwaterKey Map of SabarmatiBasin ...... K.26 Map K10: Forest Arcas and ProtectedAreas Relativeto Planned Projects in SabarTnatiBasin ...... K27
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 Apnil30. 2000 PageK. ii SECTIONK SABARMATIBASIN EMP 
1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION 
1.1 BasinFeatures 
The SabarmatiBasin is the mid-southempart of Rajasthan.The basincovers a total catchmentama of 0.4 Mhaoccupying 1.22% of the state.The basin is spreadin 4 distris namelyDungarpur, Pali, Sirohi and Udaipur. The basin is boundedby the WestBanas Basin in thewest, Banas Basin in theeast, Luni Basin in thenorth and border with Gujarat State in the south.The basinis characterisedby hillyterrain belonging to the Aravalichain wvth elevationsreaching 800 m abovesea levei. Sabarmati river drains south into Gujarat. An overviewof the basinis givenin Table Kl.1. 
1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects 
121 Prusentand planned projects 
Thepresent and projected scenario of irrigationand non-inigation projects in the basinis givenin TableK12 andMap Kl. Theseinclude 47 existingprojects with a CCAof 8,755ha andthe ongoingand proposed projects. The overalldevelopment is projectedto increase from8,755 ha to 32,700ha (Tabie K1.3). out of the4 proposedmedium projects, Banjara is a lift irrigationproject on Majhamriver. Detailedcomponents of the projectsare notknown. From the proposedminor projects, 60 Mm3/yris meantfor water supply to Udaipurcity. 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities 
The RWRCPcomponent (PRFO and SAIFT) are aimed at rehabilitationand modemization of existingirrigation systems that havelow overailproject efficiency. The CCAof the proposedRWRCP project is 1,252ha (Box K1) located in Udaipurdistrict (Map K1). 
BoxKI: SabarmatiRWRCP (ha) 
Ognaminor projects 1,252ha 
At the timeof this stt,dy,proposal for the RWRCPcomponents, Ogna minor project was preparedby the PPU (Box K2). 1Z3 Non-irrigation development projects 
The SWPprojected a significantgrowth in the annualwater demands for domesticand industrialuse, over forty percent increase in urbanand rural water demand is projectedin the nextfifteen years (Tabie Kl.2). 
SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30, 2000 PageK. 1 Box K2: Ogna Minor Irrigation Project
1 Location UdaipurDistnct 2 Yearof Construction 1989 3 Livestorage capacity, Mm~/yr 7 4 CCA, ha 1,252 5 CCAproposed for RWRCP,ha 1,252 6 Actualirrigated area, ha 288 7 lrrgation lntensity,% 60 8 PresentProject Efficiency, % 25 9 ProjectedlIrigation Efficiency, % 50 10 Rehabilitationand modemeation . Strengtheningof canalbanks . Upgradationof exístingand constructionof new canalstructures . Constructionof newminors . Constructionof serviceroad 11 ProposedWater User Associations 5 12 Probiemsperceived by farrners o Tail end deprivedof imgationsupply • No properdistnbution of waterand obstaeroscreted by headand middiereach farrners • Inadequatefield channels • Watercharges have not beencollected in the last sj years/
< ~~~~~~~~source:PPU,1999/ 
2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW
The existing environmental conditions within the Sabarmati basin are summanzed in Table K2.1. 
2.1 Physical Environment
Demography: According to 1991 census, the population of this basin was 0.47 million (rural 100%). The projected 1999 population is 0.52 million. The forecast for the year 2015, as estimaied in the SWP was 0.76 million, an increase of about 62 percent.
Soils: Entisols are the dominant soiks in the state. The suborder group Psamments cover a large area in association with Aridisols in westem and central Rajasthan. Hilis and hillocks occupy most of the Sabarmati basin. The other soil groups are Chromusterts pellusterts haplustalfs and Haplustalfs (Map K2). ln Ogna command, the solís are yellowish to dark brown in colour and medium to moderately fine textured shallow to very deep soils. The soiis are low to marginaliy medium in fertilHtyand free from salt and alkalinHtyproblems. The soiis are well drained, moderately permeable, moderately water eroded and occur on gently sioping lands.
Geology: The geology and aquifer features in the basin (Map K3) are:
• In Udaipur district, low"r to upper pre-Cambrian age middie Proterozoics on Delhi supe group. Rock units are quarzites, biolite schists, calc-schists, homblende schists and cale- silicates. • In Dungarpurdistrict, lower pre-Cambrianage on Aravali super-group. The rock types are chlorite phylites, quarzites mica-schists and biolite schists. SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30.2000 Page K. 2 Land forms: Almostthe entirewestem half of the Basin is made up of the Aravali sub- ranges.The maximumelevation in the hiilyterrain is morethan 800m, the highestpeak near the sourceof the Sabarrnatiis above 1123m amsl. The parallelsub-ranges of Aravalisare interruptedby narrowlongitudinal strike valleys in the form of erasionaldrainage channeis. 
Land Use: Out of total land areaof 0.4Mha of the Basin,an areaof 0.049Mha (12 percent) is consideredsuitable for irTigation.Of this area,some 8.755 ha or 18 percentare underthe existingirrigation projects. A broadbreakdown of the cuftivatedland in the basinis givenin Box K3.
Box K3: LandUse (ha) Kharif 200 * Rabi 14000 DoubleCropped 10700 * Fallow 23800 * Totl 48700 
Climate: The Sabamnati Basin has been cdassifiedas tropical steppe,and and hot. The meanannual rainfall varies from 600 mm in the northto 800mm in the south.The basinhas high temperatures.during the day of about 38°C in the summerand falling to 7 0c night temperaturesduring winter. The basinis coveredby the foilowingthree agro-climatic zones (MapK4). 
ZZOne IV A Sub-humidsouthem plain & Aravali hilis. * ZoneIV B Humidsouthem plain. 
Water Distribuffon: The surfacewater potential has beenestimated as 513 Mm3/yr. About 51 Mm3/yr is divertedto Luni Basinand 3.4 Mm3/yr to Banas.The annual rechargeto groundwateris about 130 Mm31yr. 47 minor projects iigate a CCA of 8.755 ha. The groundwaterinigated area outsideCCA is estimatedat 23,490 ha. Area under sprinkJer irmigationis about2,000 ha. 
Irrigation Growth:Very littiegrowth is possiblefrom the water resourcesof the basin.Aboul 24,000ha wilI be addedto the irrigatedarca with the ongoingand proposed projects. 
Cropping panem and crop yields: The majorcrops of the basinare givenin Box K4.
Box K4:Cropping Pattem and CropYields 
Crop/Season %Cropped Yield(tiha) 
Kharif Bajra 04 0.5 Pulses 10.4 0.5 Paddy 9.2 1.4 Jowar 4.0 0.4 Maie 59.8 1.0 Others 16.2 Rabi Gram 11.3 0.9 Mustard 3.6 1.0 Wheat 29.1 2.5 Bailey 4.1 2.0 wOthers 51.S9 
SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30,2000 PageK 3 Systemrehabilitatíon and modemizationactivities of RWRCPcould result in changesin the croppingpattem and a generalincrease in yields.
Reservoirs:The reservoirsassociated with minoriffigation projects are non-significant.
River water quantity: The total annual surface yield has been estimated in SWP for Sabarmatiat 75%and 50%probabiílities are 474and 800 Mm3/yr,respectively. 
Drain water quantity: Sabarmatiriver and its tfibutariesand other minor rivers drain the Basin.No streamflow gauging sites exist in the Sabarmatiriver in Rajasthan.
Groundwater table: Groundwateris found under water table (phreatic) conditions in aliuviumand in the consolidatedrocks, semi-confined and confinedconditions have been encountered.The aliuvialaquifer is limited.The watertable depthis upto 1Om bgl (MapK5). A generaldecline in water table was observedduring 1984 and 1998(Map K6). ln general, the exploitationhas been within the safe limits(Map K7). 
Water Use: The 1995water use and projectionsup to 2015 are given in Table K1.1 and K1.2.The total wateruse of 183 Mm3iyr during1995 is projectedto rise to 392 Mm3/yr up to the year2015, of whichthe non-irrigationdemand is about186%. 
Sedimentation:TAHAL (1998) estimated siltation rates on the basis of data from existing reservoirsin the basin,as well as informationon silt load observationat river gaugingsites, maintainedby CWCand ID. lt is assumedthat 55%of the incomingsilt is in the live storage and 45% in the dead storage.TAHAL (1998)reported the silt load values for Sabarmati Basinas 165m 3/km2lyear. The reductionin the live storagecapacity of over the yearswas lessthan one percentper yearof silt depositedin the reservoirs.As the irrigationdams are designedfor 100years life expectancy,the silt load in the basinis consideredlow. 
2.2 ChemicalEnvironment 
River water quality: Accordingto CPCB,Sabarmati within Rajasthan is classifiedas A cdass on the basisof physio-chemicalproperties of water quality (Annexure4.2, Volume2). The wateris fit for drinkingwithout conventional treatment, but with disinfection.
Reservoirwater quality: The reservoirsin the basinare non-significant.
Groundwater quality: The groundwateris used for irrigationas well as non-irrigation purposes.The quality of groundwateris good with salinity less than 1.0 dSJm(Map K8). Groundwaterin someparts of the basinis notsuitable for drinking(Map K9). 
Soil salinity, sodicity and soil quality: No salinityproblems are encounteredin this basin. Intensivecropping, inadequate use of organicmatter and inappropriateuse of fertilizers particularlyin imgated areas may lead to soil degradationdue to sustainedremoval of nutnents.However, no substantiatingevidence was availablefrom the Basin.The average grainyield of irrigatedcrops such as wheat,gram, and mustardare found 20 to 60 percent higher over non-irigated crops (1996-98)in different districts in the basin indicatingthe enhancementin soil fertilityunder írrigation conditions. 
Point source pollution: The industrialdevelopment in the basin is very low. Upto 1998, RIICOhas set up 2 industrialareas in Jaloredistrict (Map 4.10, Volume2). As such,effluents fromthe industriescould be of concemin the future.
Fertilizer use: Fertilizeruse is much belowthe use in the state in 1997-98.The average annualfertilizer use in the total croppedarea (irrigated and unirrigated) during 1997-98(in the form of nutnents,kg/ha) in differentdistricts in the basin(Map 4.12 Volume2) is foundto SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30, 2000 PageK. 4 be less than 25 kg/ha. Assuming, that farners apply fertilizer only in irrigated areas, the rate of application in the irigated areas could be 23 to 48 kg/ha. Discussions with State Agrculture Department and RAU indicatedthat up to 200 kglha of fertilizer use ( in the form of nutrients) annually is consideredsafe and would not have adverse residualimpact. 
Pesticide use: The pesticide consumption in the basin dunng 1997-98 (as per TGM) has been in the range of 0.12 to 0.48kglha (Map 4.13, Volume 2). The limited studies conducted durng 1991-99 at RAU Research Station Durgapura (Jaipur) under an ICAR Coordinated Project showed some residual impact on vegetables. Water quality monitoring from agricutural runoff with regard to pesticidescontent does not exist for addressingthe pestcide managementand use within the limits. (Annexure11.8, Volume 2).
2.3 Biological Environment
Biodiversity: The basin is hilly with narrow valbeyswith dense forests (1389 ha) in pockets having a range of endemic medicinal plants and shrubs. ln the case of fauna, endemism is high among groups like reptilesand aves as well as insects.
Natural flora: A number of plants, herbs, shrubs, trees, lianas and climbers are found in the basin but not near exiinciion. No endangeredplant species are reported from the basin.
Fauna: No animal species are reportedas endangeredanimal species.
Ecologically sensitive armas: The basin has one specffied arca Fulwari ki Nal sanctuary designated as ecologically sensitive and has wide variety of flora and fauna. It supports the growth of endemic trees.
Forest Arma: The Basin has a forest area is spread under dlfferent categories (reserved, protected and unclassified).
The planned projects do not appear to be in the cdosevicinity of forests (Map K10, Volume 2). lf any projecl proposedto be locatedwithin 10 km of the boundaryof reserved forests or a designated ecologicallysensHtive area, or wlthin 25 km of the boundaryof National park or sanctuaryat will require environmentaldearance from the Central Govemment.
2.4 Social and Cultural Environment
Population: The entire population of the basin is rural. About 756 villages of different population sizes are scattered in the basin area. There are 56% scheduled caste and scheduiedtribe populationin the basin, as against 30% in the state.
Settiement: Population density in Sabarmati basin is 187 persons per square kilometer. Wide variation exists in populationdensity from 120 in Pali district to 232 personsper sq. km. ln Dungarpurdistrict. 
Gender Equity: In the Basin,there are 953 women for 1000 men. The female literacy rate is 20%, which is similar to the state's average. The mean age at marmiageis 16 years, which is an impediment to educationand developmentof women.
People Participation: There are 560 cooperativesocieties and 24 NGOs in the Basin.
2.5 Community Health Environment
Malaria, gastro-enteritis and diarrhea show moderate rate of incidence in the basin with reportedcases of 9, 10 and 8 per 1000 persons in 1997. SEA: Final Report- Volume3 April30,2000 PageK. 5 3.0 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTALIMPACTS 
3.1 General
A discussion on impact identification, methodology and guidelines for prediction of impacts, typical examples for the RWRCP and planned projects is contained in the SEA Report (Volume 2). For the Sabarmati Basin, the impact assessment matrix for RWRCP and planned projects is given in Tables K3.1 and K3.2, respectively
3.2 tnpacts Specific to Sabamin Basin
3±1 RWRCP
AHthoughmostly positive, there would be a concem on possible reduction in groundwater recharge due to rehabilHation and modemization of irrigation systems, particularly in the areas where presentlywater table is declining.
3.22 Planned projects
* Most of the planned projects appearto be in areas in which the groundwaterexploitation is wHhin safe limHts.New irrgation in such areas will provide an environment conductive to increased recharge. The impacts wilI be two fold: a reduction in pumping depths for domestic demand in over exploited areas in the lift irrigation schemes and, an increase in waterlogging conditions in shallow water table areas. ln both cases, the conditions promote the need for judicious integratedsurface and groundwatermanagement. • The new irrigated CCA requíres careful planning, considering the vast bio-diversity in the forest and protected areas.
4.0 MMGATION PLAN
Measures to sustain posHtiveimpacts and mitigation measures for the negative impacts related to different environmental parameters in RWRCP and Planned Projects are included in Tables K3.1 and K3.2. These are summarized in Box K4 and KS.
The mitigation measures mainly pertain to efficient use of surface water. conjunctive use of surface and ground water, adequate drainage, management practices for agriculture inputs such as INM & IPM, regular maintenance of 1 & D systems, involvement of WUA in the distribution, management and maintenance of canais, industrial and municipal waste water effluent treatment before discharge into rivers or spread on-land surface or use for irrigation.
The water quality monitoring, analysis and enforcement of legal requirementsto maintain the effluent quality from industries, sewage and agriculture runoff should be ensured by the suggested agencies (Chapter 11, Volume 2).
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30. 2000 PageK. 6 Box K5: Measuresto Sustain Posifive Impacts
RWRCP Planned Projects * O&Mof I8D network * IWAM * IWAM * O&Mof I&D network * OFD * Newdrainage network * Groundwatermanagement * OFO * INM,iPM,weed controi * Groundwatermanagement * Effluenttreatment * WUAformaton * Provisionof drainage * WaterPncing * Infrastructuredevelopment such as roads, * INM,IPM, weed control trining marketsand credit& inputfacilities * Avoidanceof locatingprojects near * 100%membership in WUA ecologicalsensitive areas * FammerstNGOtraining * Infrastructuredevelopmont such as roads, \ : Wabersuppiy and sanitation marketsand credit& inputfácilities 
Box K6: MitigabonMeasures 
RWRCP PlannedProject * Groundwatermanagement (control of over * IWAM exploitationof GW) * OFD * AgriculturalDrainage * Maintainin-stream flow requirements * O0Mof 1ID network * INM,IPM, weed controi * Effiuenttreatment * Watersupply & sanitation * Community-health 
A discussionsfor each of the measuresis included in the SEA Report Volume 2.
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 Apnil30,2000 Page K. 7 TableKl1.1: An Overvb.wof Featuresof SabarmatiBasin 
S.No. SomnFeaturas Vlu. lonamíatUon ______SouTos TotalCatchment uma, Mha 0.4 Tahal 01 state arca) __ _ - - * 12% the 2 Dlstrik Ara, srt' % Df Disutctin %ot BasinArea .______-_ _ _ Basin __ Tahal Dungarpur 6483 16.5 15.6 Pali 20.2 0.2 0.5 sro*__ 67.5 1.3 1.6 WaiDur _ 342812 27.7 82.3 2015 3 Po ubaton MIffion I 1831 1395 200! Rumal 0.47 0.51 64 0.76 Tahal 4 TotalCulttuble Area, MhJ 0.099m Pian __ _ __ AvermQeincgted aea. Mha 0.03 5 T.iíl men annualbsnos surhcoWatr Potentil1Mm3 1Yrl 5139lh Pien UtWbized.(MmtY*r) 78 TJhd % lized 15t5 3 133 GWD.GOR 6 Total GroundwuWrdeveloprn. otenl (nual rlo~nharmlfmrn - _ ___tl 38 _ Whzed (M 29 _ ___ _ 7 _Total CCAth*l From buin mou ._ Existin" Pro;ects _ _ _ _ 8.755 T~ah _ :_tng ____ 3.196 PedP~_ _ 20,754 Total -=3Z.705 8 Ara lrnogd u~na Groundwr lha> . _ 23.490 Vttl Sla¶ilbra *_ _ _ __fi_ _ 23.382 _ In lhevar 2015 asaurned) 9 H ter Tranuer, Mm4IYr _ _ Sabarnmato Luni 51 Taal 4 SabDmiab to Banas _3 10 ot4nirrtualaon Wer DOenMd,iMm3wYrT 1_95 ______10 Tahal __ _ t,______
______20 Total______. Surces:I) TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998, Wa"er Resores Pmzgf S*ab ti Baan 2) PrOectPreparon Unlt 31 Oepar~ont of Irtipton, GOR,Jhipur. 1996. Repor the Wodún group on Irngabonfor The Nlrim FAveYearPbn (1997.2000) 4> GroundWater Deçartne GOR, 1999.Grond Wtatr Rs Raas (Imgal,onPotentiai) as on Januar. 199S judge t Note: The valueshave been ou~mpid hrxn vaotus s add dopd, ~ best for ess SEAstdy. Ther e~ vue ny nt be app _t for deog deopenrt works (bo RWRCPrn pbnned pm h win ard oude h respec*veCCAs. 
Apr 30,200D SEA:FinalReport . Volure 3 Page K.8 Tabie K1K.2:Sabarmati Basin Waler Development upto year 2015 Rehabilitation Non-lrrlgation Olher Water Prolects Water Development Irrigation 21 Projecta Prolesb Projecta Rinfed Watershed< Evaporation 1 ponds _ asin's WR WR OFD OFD RWRCP Domeutic LIVestock Industrlal Agriculturel Dev. & Soll SW GW Transfer wlth PRFO& Urban Rural Thermal Other Conservation stagnant Commend Non Importw' SSD SAIFT power water command bodies Present developmenl Area (Mha) 009 0.000C 0 023 _ 0.040 0.00 Water use:Mm'3lvr 7 01 869| -51 3.4 1o 2e Expanulon uplo 2015 Area IMhal 0 024 0.00t 0.00 - 0.001 _ _ -0.024 01030 Waler use Mm'/vr 201t 4C- 0. 41 o Year 2015 cumulative Area (Mha) 0.03 0.01 0.02 - oo 0.01 0.036 pro ections Waler use: Mm'ltvr 275 1 86 -51 _ 3.4 14 2 _
1 Rainledagriculture Is *ssumed as totalarea sultabtefor Jrrlgatlonminus lhe Canal CommandArea. 2 WatershedDevelopment Program Constitute upto 30%lriígated arca with lhe Individualbtock (PanchayalSamiti) hn lhe IXthPlan. Presenldevetopment Is for 1996-98. Profectionsbased on 2,000 halyr. 3. To Udaipurcity In Banas Basin 4. To LuniBasin Sources: 1) TAHAL & WAPCOS.1998, Water Resources Plannlng for Sabarmat Basln 2) GroundWater Department. GOR, 1999,Ground WatarResources od Ralasthanlrrtgatlon Polentlal as on January 1998 3) WatershedDevelopment and Soll ConservatlonDepartmenl, Jalpur 4) Diredorate of Agricufture,Ralasthan, 1998. Vital AgricultureStattstics, 1997-98 
Note: The valueshave been compiledfrom vartoussources and adopted,wllh besl judgemenlfor lthisSEA study. Thereforethese values maynot be appropriatefor designingdevelopment wforks (bothRWRCP and plannedproaecis) wllthin and outside lhe respectiveCCAs 
SEA:FlnalRepol Voturne3 Pag K.9 April 30, 2000 Tabib KI.3: Salent Featuras of Exlsting, On.going and Proposd Surfaca Wat~r Projects In Sabamti Basin: WIthin Baln Rmource.
Status Clas Comnplbton No. of Free Lve Storge CCA Ywr Projet Catchmrnt Capacfty 2 ______Area k1m Mmrn ha Existing Minor 1997-2015 47 1003 74 8755 Ongong Minor 2005-2015 15 25 16 3196 Proposed Medium 2005-2015 4 527 57 12909 Minor 26 240 129 7845 Subtotal _ 30 767 185 20754
Basin Total _ 92 1795 275 32705
Source. TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998,Water Reso s Pbnning for Sabam Basin
SEA: Final Reporl - Volume 3 Page K.10 Apr 30, 2000 Sheet 1 of 2
Table K2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions within the SabarmatU 8asin
Baseline lnformatUon S.No. Existlng-Condltions Environmental 1 Physical Demoagraphy(Million) 1991 - 0.47, 1999 - 0.52. 2015 - 0.75 2 Topography Mid-southem part of Rajasthan.4,164krn .Westem part hilly terram belonging to Aravalis. Eastnarrow alluvial piain. S"is ChromustertsPeilusterts Haplustalfs & Haplustalfs Geology Pre-Cambrianto subrecentage. The main rock unhisconsísts of granite, phyllite, schist and oneisses. Land Fomms Mostiy hDlísand vaibvs Land Use 487 kM2 is under cutivati. Only 12% ama of the basin is sudtab for ig development Water Distrbution 47 mnor irqalon proiects. Spnner sets- 405.lmqated by sprinkler 2.000ha. ImqabonG t Thme medium and 41 minor iriiation prowccts=roposed Cropping Pattem Maize (630%),puisos (10%), wheat (29%), muutard (4%) and gram (11%). 10.000ha doubl crovpedand 14.000ha single cr=oped. C______e__Mean annualreinfall 600 mmn in nort & 800nmmin south.A~ricmafic zone4A. Reservaors Reservara of non-significantsize for minar imgation prriects River Water Quantlty 800 MmhIr at 50% Drobabilitv Drainwater Quantitv Groundwatertable Averaee depth 5 to 15 m. Aquifers mainly hardrocks 2 Sedimentabon Siltaton of reservorrsestimated at 165 m3r1kmJr. 2 Chemical River Water Quality Sabarmati river - A dlass based on physio-chemiralpropertes, Resen,o,rwater auality NA GroundwaterQuality Excelientfar man. EC l8s than 1.0 dSIm. Sowmparis af basins ground water urnit for drinkina. Soil Salmnvt i Soil Sodtctv Nil Point source Pollution Two industrialarmas. Diffuse source Pollution Nl Fertilizer use 33 kqlha N, 10 kM/haP, Nil use of K in 1997-98. Use is wthin recommendedlimits. Pesticideuse Neli ible, TGM 7.14 , 027 kg/ha. Low levei of use. Weed killer use Ne li ible
3 Bilolwlcal Desert Environment Nil Natural deseri Flora Nil Endangeredflora Nil Desert Fauna Nil Conservationarmas Phuhvanki nal sanctuarv Lakes Nil W_ldlIfe Varymrnfrom invertebratesto vertebrates Forests, ha Vaned fores tAs available: Reserve 853, Protected522. Uncrssified 14 .( Total 1389)
Wetüands ln the form of umaban msereours,no wetands of sugnificance Endanered fauna Nil Biodivermit Rich in plant divesity, but degraded due to m an s actMties.
4 Sacio- Cultural Crop Yields.ilha Rice 0.8, maze 1.4, puises 0.4. wheat 2.65 & gram 1.1. Food for Work Prooram Land tenure Average and hdlding 1.61 Na, marginal 41.91%, smali 23.16%. medmum30% & large 3.9%.
2 SettlementPantem Popuatari densitv 1871km Ouality of life, 1995-96 Total literacy rate 34.17%. Electricity consumpnon: 645 Mktwh Genderequuty 953womenfor 1000 men, Female lbteracyrate 19.56% People paricipabon 560 cooperatve socetees Tounsm Not significant Hístoncalsites 1 mosque & 1 temple NGO involvement 24 NGOs Indeqenous peoDIe Bhil, BNI-mina, Garassaetc. tribes.
SEA-FinalReport - Volume 3 A 30.2000 Page K.11 Sheet2 of 2
Table K2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions wlthin the Sabarmati Basin
S.No. E-xlstngEnvlronmnta BasolinohnformtTT8on Conditions 5 CommunftyHeatth tcases reported In 1997) Malaria 6378:Cases for 1000- 13 Gastroenteritis 7311: Casesfor 1000- 14 Jaundice 107:Cases for 1000- 02 Dianhoea 5506;Cases for 1000- 11 Tvohoid 522;Cases for 1000- 1 Source: SoeRefenrnce 
SEA:FinalReport - Volume3 30 2000 PageK.12 Shoet 1 ol 2
Table K3.1: Sabarmati River Basln EMP: Impact Assessment Matrlx for RWRCP
RWRCP Componanta IrnprovedIrrlgation management and trans5er;Agficultural Intensinlcation;Sustainabie ground water resourcemanagement. RWRCPActivitios: RehabitHialionand modernzation ol t& systems hn1252 ha: LInlngol canahi and watercourses (as neoedd); rehabittationdf structufrs; sorvice roads;tbw measuroment; removal ol unauthortsedoutiets; romod lng of outts; formationoi WfJA and Water DlstributionCommlteeo Strergttening agrculure extension;and armer trahiingthrough PRFO nd SAIFT. S.No. Environmontal Potontial tmpact Rating aoImpacte for Sianif1cnca Mnturos to suotahn Mtlgatlon Moasuros Roaldualtnpacb Panmabr ducorp.magnlud. dlírictianhy neutral or positivoImpacta tor negativo impacta
Phykal durationlrovoruibiit__ t 0emoq aphyf No Impact Nit _ Negllglbte on a sector-wide 2 TopogmePhy Land tnprovemont Bashawldelowlpostiv -t1m Irreversibio basis 3 Sots: water toonbit Reducedwate tlnq Local / lowlpositive/long-tennl íeversIble O&M ol t&D noe t Softs Quantit ncreased lerutititv _IWAM 5 Geobqvy No tmpact Nlt O Lsnd lofms 7 Land us: hoad end a Land uso: middio SoamoImprovemnt Local~lwtposittvefRong-tormfreveorslbio IWA O&MOf 110 networx 9 Land use: lai end Chanp trormsnlw to muitnp 10 On-barmndopm.ent Imp bandiovetina torolowfosHtvefbna-brmfneveniO 11 Walerdist,IbuVln Syslem ncreasod supplyta fal end: Increasd LocaVbow/ posltive/ tong-tenntreversiblo IWAM. O&M of ID network "nation offx=tencv 12 Drainmgeytom lmp~ drane LocaUmodlmfposlitvoflong-temlfevorio 13 Irr a Imtdnsia tdon Inrcrease Locato posi lve ng-ltef roversiblo 141tnipton Gnzwt 1 S Croppin Intnstrv Locat tow pottve v tna-te~i hnrversibbe 1b` Cropptn p tbm Int?ducftn of htgh v tue cnM LomVl/owt po5fitdvr ~ ~-hr rsvemsib 1 t Climnat No kmpad Ntl tô Reservotrs 19 Surfacewatr gquantity SomeIncreaSe Locaillowp1stve/long-tomreversibto downstream 20 Dritn walor ounitib Reducedquanti Loca>llow vfn loem*versiblo OaM oi liD neiworx 21 GW aquNerRechargo Reducedn charge Locaüiwt negatlv/atng termroversíbib Contrai of over expottatlon of __GW GW depth moniortong* 22 GWdep ,ton No tmpad Ntt 23 GW biabbris tLower waler tabb Local bw/ pasitivel long-b~ml ravoniblo Controi oaover *xpbitatian d GW GW depth monitortng" 24 ConlunctiveusO Increase _ 25 Etsrosn Cbanhngol cnais, watr courses drains .3asin-widemnediumJposithmtflang-Irmlfreveosibto O&MfollD network
2S Sedimentbibn 2 Cbemfcdf 27 Surfac waler quahtyh Rectucedpoiutulin aromaero-chemricais Local/ tow/ posliVvr tong-bom rvorsible INM; IP; wed contl,; WO manitorng** downstream 28 Orafan*thr quality trn menl dua b INMi iM LocaUmediumf posiivef Aor-remIrovorsibb 29 ReservoirWslor Oualtiy No impact Nti 30 drinl9nqquainW t 31 GWtxatbon qualilv 3233Sw acewm Sisatinibs 1______33 Pokitsourc w"utbn
Soe naoloai Shel 2
SEA: FhaulReport Vokume3 PrtgoeK.13 VPdl30.2000 Siieai 2 of 2
Tabi K3.1: Sabarmatl River Basin EMP: Impact Asses5ment Matrlx for RWRCP
RWRCP Componentb: Irnprved Irriation managemeni and transler: AgriculturalIniensification: Sustainable gro>und water resourcemanagement. RWRCP ActivHtes: RehabilHatin and rnoderniza,n rd tbD systems kn 1252 h3: LIning of canals and water courses(as needed), rehablitaNionof atructures;servica roads; now measuromenl; removal ot unauthorised outteis; remodelhngo outiets; lormatdhofJ tLtA and Water Dstrlbulon Commiltee; Stren thentng agriculture extenson: and, trmer tranhngtrough PRFO and SAIFT. S.No. Environmental Potential Impaci Ratling of impactsfor Signifteance Measuresto eustuinmtitgation Measures Residual Impecta Parametsr 
49 Gendar aqulty lmproved status of women.tncreaseha locai/ hlghl postilvel ong-mrm/irreversibl IHleracy,morepartlcipation in fahmmngand deehion 50 Peopb parteipeaton lncraseed peailcpalbn thrugh WLAs LoeaVhightpoae/ long-tem/ reversible Fermertrainhg: 100% membership ln WUA
51 Tourism No Impeet Ni 52 Ilstodcalsatas 53 NGO Increaed Invobvement LoceVtow/positive/tongiemflieerstbla NGO treinine 54 indigenous pecole No proiee pfrososais In trbal aema NlI _ CommunltvHealth 55 Piseasses:u "b n INo k p c ______1______56 Disasses: ural secreasehnlhe Incidence aí maioriaand locaV low/ posilivel long-temVreversible Weter suppty a sanitatio 1 57 sewdrac realed dieeses SZ CHseeses: llv stoci No hWc Nlt Note: 1) Seope: Co ls wln 1 km od lha proposed devetopmentactvty. bastn.wlde ts wlthtn lhe basin ItseH,regional hswtthin Ralasthan 2) Magnitude:Htgh means >75%,medium bs belween 50-75%,low hs25-50% and negtlgible is less lhan 25% 3) Dlretton: Nel positive,negativa or neutral rnpad 4) Duraiion: bong-temmis >10 years medlum -term is 2-10 yeaar short - temmIa <2 yeas 5 RevenribNty:Reverare or irreversibio(posiltva or negativa) Impac lo the resourcetpopulton (wIthin e prded time - tnmo o' 15 yeaus. 6) Parametere mequkingmonitoring and denoted (*)
SEA: Final Reporl -Volume3 P geK 14 Apnl 30t 2000 Sheet t of 3
Tabio K3.2: Sabarmnat Rlver Basln EMP: Impact Assessrent Matrlx for Planned Projects
Plbnned Projecta (Upto 2015>:lrrlgalfon expanslon in 3,t961ha (ongolngpraoects): new Irrgalion projects n adciHonal20.754 ha: water deveo ment for non-agdcuItur pro)ects4 Mm3 (Industry,domseslc Ivesoock) S.No. Environmontal Potenhlal inpads Ralng# tmpaeta Meesurato ausítun Mltlgatlon m-a*uriB Residual tmpacts parameter (acopel magnitudel dirctionl duratini neutralor positivo tmpecta for negativo impeci or boneittt reversibilty) 1 Phialcal T 1 Demogrephy Populattonhncrease due le tmprovedqualhty of Bísin ~lde /high/positive iong brm firreversible Increased agriculhre output. fio Increasedwater supphy 2 Topoaraphy Land mnprovementlolrrlgaled area Local /bw tposittvelbnq terrn linrversib envkronmentatybeneaical. 3 Saih: Wateriogging Riso lh GW bvel and general waterlogginog In Basin widet mediurnl sna long-tem IWAM, OFD ind Agrieultural subjedlo mitigtion measures CCA reversible dratnage betng impiemmnted
4 Sadih:Ouailty Improve iagmnwidelmedIum/posNiveI long-lenrmreversible IWAM
5 Geo~oay No mnpec Ni e L.mnd foms ______7 Lnd usa: heid end Rahtoed griulture to hrtgatod agkultura; Basln wldelmedlunmposNreftong-ternVreverslbl IWAM& O&M d I&D netv
 o Land use: middle Change ln cropping paltlem; 9 Land use: tb end 10 Oin4Irmdovekopment rncrsae aLix modiunVositive ~nntfrmvrbb ADDI11b OFD moda 11 Watbrdistributlan sysbem Incr'ese lo igrírulture and nonmrcuUurat Basinwieol high/posftve/ bng-tem kreversible OF. IWAM.O&M of 160 demnds. netwo. WUA Water Prkcng
12 Draingo system Some rnprovennt. Basiowdoe/mOdlum~poiftve/ongtenmflrrever ib NNew dralige9 netwo~Ic
13 ligailon tnbnsNly Increase Basin wle/msdium/posNtvetion9gterm /revemble tWAM, ObM of &D networl.
14 lrlgatlon Gr~wlh Inrigatonexpansion Basi wide/ high/posíitvet long-lemfinevrabie OFO. MIAM.0W ol b60 ______*retw~~~~~~~~~~~o~rk. W tJA 15 C:npplg lntensNty Increeseomutie cmpplog Basin *Wde/rMedlun;pafnReong4emulrrevosible MIAM
1 CmnpphnPulem lontduction od hMlhvidue crop Bsil widelmedllpostafliong blartmireverstbl, tWAM 17 irmaste Inpnovmeni possibloeasin wtd bwt pgoettvelbln-ternn ireverstbte 18 Reservori New reservoim butN Localnealtigb siyshInt teri rmvhversible 19 Surfaoewater qusnfity Reducedin.stream fbw Localt ibw/ ao short-termrreverstbie Motahn lo-striamraow *mgulreranti 20 Dram waler quanlty Inareased dralo ilow 3sshl wlde/medlumVngal lo- reversnbte
21 GW iqulfer recherge lncreasod redrg Basln *iumedlur/poJtive rbng-temv revorsble OlM t110nehwo*. NIAM
22 G3W deoletlon Nelo^bie ______IWAM 23 GW tíbio Riso lo wsler table Basin wldehnediu mt_-ten Se i O&M a #6&Dnetworl; OFD, WAM
24 ConjunctvOuso Increase LocaVlowt posRbevboIo
25 E.Olou No! s8ent 265 '~dhlontatin ______
See Not st Sheet3 
SEk FinoaReport - Volumo 3 Pago K.15 Aprl30 2000 Sheet2 of3 
Table K(3.2:Sabrmnati River SaemnEMP: impaci AmseemmentMatrlx for Planned Projects
PimnnedProjecte ;new irrtgalionprofeti in eddlttonal20.754 ha; waterdeveio enilfor ncno grltuNum proç m3 (lndusiry.domestic. Ovostock) S.N0. Environmental Potentimiimpaete Ratfngof impecte Meamureto eusatin Mitigatlonmemeurem Realdualimpacta parametor ($coapemagnhtudel directioni durationi neutralar pogmiveImpacteo for negativoimpacta or benefita revenalb%)l,
27 Surfacewaler quallty Deterirmedln-streami and draln waler qualiiy;Reiam wt/ medium/nagmnafl reverstbie Malntainaccptabla waterquatity. downstream increaaadIndustrial and dornestic effiueni; and INM.iPM, effiuentiremtment and Increasodpesticideua mSOntortng.and enforcemeni ______28 Oramnwater quaNty Delerto'aionduo lo incresaadagro-cfteica lasln wtdlmediuifnelgalivalevelbto INM,1PM, Monftodng" 
29 ftearvo# waterpudtY NacIlaUie NN 30 GW drtktkngquatity Impmoved0W quallty,deiertralon 1n rnsanwtde/ mediumni poai"v & negaliweioog- EffIet trealm t andenfoitmnt IndusWtralartma 'ermireverable 1nInduaartal aroma 31 GWirugmtlon quelity lmpmoveGW quality RmsInwW*e/ mediumit positivolf long-18m0m Irrovaribt 32 So41saiinftv No lmpmc No 33 Poinisourte poitulo No Impact NU Treabnentof Industrialefiluení and ______'m~~~~~~eforcement 34 Olfiuse ource poflutton NoImdc NU Sewmgeeffuent trealert Monltortngof efilueni and
______nformeniot 35 Feifilzerusei ncreaaedfefhhzr uee aslnwtdhneduVmwtnefml/ lng-term reveruibleINM 38 Poatid use Incremasdoeatcde um andfnlie P 37 W .edlimiar usencraee ______Weed contrai & baffo 3 910o ical ______38 Consarvmtlonornas Nocuitia arcasii lhaovtd ftpai prpa oco kowfneutmV longrig vil irrevreibl Avokldnceo1 locallngprofci . nvirom.ntaily benefkctalfor pr~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~nearocD~gtasens"iv arcmas blodlvereltyand wfld tifo ______~~~~~~~~~~development. 39 Widu NoliiaiNO 40 Foresta 41 Endan redlora 42 LakesAvwmerbodies 43 B ______4 soclo.culturui______44 Cmopytakl le lniytaid BmasfinwdhWgt poetivel ong-termI revrabl IAM -SOIO-Cuitural benefitsand ______i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~nipravemntilnqumlltyof Efe. 45 Food fbr woili ararm No kiec ______40 Land aenuro(land hotd)g ChangeIra,, d,~n to k,tgmtedaRtctre taimnwklet kowf neutraVlin-emreestl 47 Sellemnt paltem Mlgrelonfiam ofiher *real. Ina emein Baslnwlda medlnVpoaltve k7evera Motlaionde sita ______40 Oumiityai No impravmnt lnaoclo-oconcmy: k,crma lni OmalwkdW hlgh poaftre bon-~Om Ire íerh Infrasrucur deveofmet Itrcy rea.e,hca aeto lnPor capitaInoii auchmm roada. niodeta.cedil 49 C.nder quity ImTprovement1nlho atatm0f4o ~mo, Inceas BamI,,wldO higitipo lte ong ~rmITOeverSUiOi in1~,lray mor pmrtc lon10fari and de~*o me~ 50 bisai ci etnwtdod P~ or-emft4 SI1 Tourtam oN
SomNou ai Shoei3 
SEA.Final ROM - V^- 3 PMMK.18 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Apri30. 2000 Sheet 3 of 3
Tabbe K3.2: Sabarmati Rlver Aasin EMP: Impact Assessment Matrix for Planned Projects
Planned Projects 
54 lndbQenouspep Minimai Impact Local/ bowt neutraU long-termrirreversibe__ 5 Community Hoalith 55 Diseases: urban Reduced water relateddiseases due lo better locaU bow/Positive/ long-termlreversibie water suppty 56 Diseases: rural Increased waler born diseases In project Lowlmedium/negtlvafiong termlreversibie Ensuro rural water supply and areas sanitation; monitoring of water quality; 5S Diseases: iivestock Reduceddlseases dueto better nourishment LocalI ow/ positivel ing-term/ irreversibie
Note. 1t Scope: Local is wlthin t Ikmoa tha proposeddevelopment aectivily. basln.wide is within the basln itself, regional Is wilhin Rajasthan 21 Magnitude:Hlgh means >75% medium is between 50-75%.low is 25-50%and negligible Is ltss than 25% 3>Dlrection: Net positive,negativo or neutral impact 4) Duraltbn:long-term is >1Oyears. medium -lem Is 2.10 years, hon- termia <2 years 5) ReversabiíliyReversibe or Irreversibbe. 6õ> Planned projects would nol be ImplementedwlthIn 25krmol ecoqgicaily and otherwlse sensItIvoareas (Source:Goel, 1992)
7./) Paranelers requcirtngrmmnilofkng and denoled
SEA: Final Report - Volumo 3 Page K 17 Apri 30. 2000 UCGEND Di,tret *4od uarters, P~d
Stat.. D4utçict, Ri~r Bõ~ Cind. Ri,r. Proçoed C -<: - S duery. Ck~ A~ Scale 1: 1.000,000 AseIo~ir~ Exrcootinrl/Hiutr Sitft O Tcutmt Sfte., RMigbug Píoc.~ GrroYc. õhl lrbai Crrmuwnity
"jwr Cthç A~ £x bg, Prro : ' , ~ktban Proct:
Note: Cammg~ A~ Paropo. Pm sdah= b.rn 
SIROHI
SoLec( . Map K1 Sabarmati Basin Development
SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Poge K.18 April 30, 2000 SCALE: 1:1.000,000 74 25o 25°7 3 
LUNI BASlh u«PALIDISTRIC 
SIROHIDISTRICT _ *GOGUNDA
WEST BANAS ASINf
OUDAIPUR i > g t ~~~~BANASBASIN 
MAHI BASIN
24° 24° . <.2 i__ 
/ / f / io i:DUNGARPURDISTRICT 
 v5Jr ^ ~~ODUNGARPUR
 i3 7
LEGEND . :| H^PKMLLSTALFSCHROWSTERTS PELLUSTERTSHAPLUSTALFS HILLS ND HILLOCKS STATEBOUNOARY 
 tDISTRICTBOUNDARY 
-A SIN BOUNDARY
O DISTRICTHEAD OUARTERS 
Map K2: Soil Types Key Map of Sabarrnati Basin
Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Sabarmati Basin SCALE: 1:1.WO.D00
 o 74o 250 73 725 PALI DISTRICT 
'8'1 , .&BANAS BASIN SIROHI DISTRICT ,
 dl i'-"' I I >A GQGUNDA WEST BANAS ASINA 
O UDAIPUR
DISTRICT 4B l *>Ê - H K UDAIPUR 
24 . MAHI BASIN 24
CDIUNGARPUR UNGARPUR DISTRICT
 ro ~ \
STATE BOUNDARY . / DISTRICT EOUNDARY …_ BASIN SOUNDRY DISTRICT MEAOUARTER O RIVER UNEAMENTS -- o ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~o 73 LEGEND 74 ERA AGE 5S Grm,Fomvv mo Ptrowac 1,Vof p.is l PO E~~e* Pm Gelo--.C= 0.14~ C.C Sdc C-u. M~ Gana0~ffs o~ o
_G a .* 
Ll_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~£.í V . ,; 
Jwoloc '- 5dm~~~~~..
Map K3: Geological Key Map of Sabarmati Basin
Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. Water RlesourcesPlanning for SabarmatiBasin 73"`74*
LEGEND 1: 1,000,000
BOUNDARIES:
STATE: DISTRICT .. @ .
BASIN AGROCLIMATICZONE IVA
IRRIGATIONDEMAND ZONES _ 25 25d-MNN RIVERCOURSES ______DISTRICTHEADQUARTERS O
 b PALI DISTRICT / Y7jN 
II-
ó;> ,SAF- L P9vÃ?_l oCUDAIPUR
SIROHI DISTRLCT S ` /, , ^- 
. /4.t , -;,-4 q' 9
3 -1 " ,'} IVA
UDAIPURDISTRICT 
2 24- . ` % o 5 
 r l s X ~~~~~~~~~~~~----r'- ~2
 iJf - ODDUNGARPUR
$%\ /'-l S ' DUNGARPURDISTRICT 
73`
Map K4: Agroclimatic Zones and Irrigation Demand Zones in Sabarmati Basin
Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for SabarmatiBasin l LEGEND jj
 ui_ ib
SIOIRHf
Map K5 Ground Water Depth (Pre Monsoon 1998) Source Ground Water Deportment. Rojasthan of Saba~matiBasin 
SEA: Final Repori-Volume 3 Page K.22 April 30, 2000 LEGEND Rise/Decline
SIROHI > Oto-3
Map K6 a Change in Ground Water Depth (Pre Monsoon 1984 & 1998) em of Sabarmati Basin Source Ground Water Deportment, Ra,osthon
SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page K.23 April 30. 2000 LEGEMD D"triet H.od Ouorters. Pond () . bOwdori: r State, Dmtrict. Rivw õosi -B- Cond. River, PooposedCanal ..- -- Scole 1: 1,000.000
Cate.ory Stage of Deveoprnent
 m S - Safe Leis thwn 70%
SC Semi Critieol 70 - 90X
 c - c ditk 90 - 100%
 j L___ E - OwEExoiat.d Gr~h_ teow 100%
SIROHISt _t
Map K7 a Ground Water Exploitation within Sabarmati Basin, 1998
Souece: Ground water Deportment. Rojosthan
SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Po K.24 April 30. 2000 7 4.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4
SPALI DISTRICT ,
\o , oM 
 o UDAIPUR
SIROHI DISTR 
.~~ -- *~~~~ 7~000 s
> > g)/ Á ~~~~UDAIPURDISTRICT 
24" ;»o '1es 4 LEGEND
BOUNDARIES DUNGARPUR DISTRICT
STATE:DISTRICT O CpP O DUNGARPUR
BASIN
V> KEYWELLS - 1 0
!no_ WATERTABLECONTOURS 
1000 SALINITYCONTOURS 
::-CF: MAIN RIVER COURSES
O DISTRICTHEADOUARTERS ` 1; 
73 t - 74
Map K8: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinitiesin SabarrnatiBasin 
Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Sabarmati Basin
SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page K.25 April 30, 2000 73" 74'
LEGEND sCA- 1: 1,00,000 BOUNDARIES
-- --- STATE: OtSTRICT
 umomp~ 3ASIN 
(7 1 ~POTENTIALZONES AND N ON-POTENTIALZONES5 
 t | ~~HILLSANO HILLOCKS 1
 zIL EXTREME GROUNDWATER OVERDRAFT
25W GROUINDWATERUNFIT F?R DRINMNG.tACOII tu PH£0) _ 2
ML HIGH GROUNDWATER S:INIT PALI DISTRirT5\ 
HIL ARTIFICIALRECHARGE PO551BILITIES i 
_ WUI~MANRIVE-RCOURSES| -__ 5 w
O DiSTRICT HEADOUARTERS_( 
SIR0HI DISTR ICT
9 D A IP U~~~~DIPR DISTRICT .
24`~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i tf9l,,8 _'r_`>_
&?) ' < < 4DUNGARPUR
> A v > > 9 xO~~UNGARPUR DISTRICT
7 3-**
Map K9: GroundwaterKey Map of SabarmatiBasin 
Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for Sabarnati Basin
SEA: FinalReport - Volume3 Page K.26 April 30, 2000 LEGEMD District ít.d Quorters. Pond Baundarles State. OIXtriet, Riw' BoIn - -4 Rivw Scole 1 1.000,000 Prot.ectd Areo
Goad Areo _____
Ph~nn.d Project &éop< Medium
Foreet Arca
~atoe:- Prot.cted & Cosed oraeosore not to scaie
SIROHI 9
Map K10 * Forest Areas & Protected areas relative to Planned Projects in Sabaramati Basin
SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page K.27 April 30, 2000
SECTIONL 
BASINGROUP 9 EMP (WESTBANAS, SUKLI & OTHERNALLAHS) 
BASIN GROUP 9 (WEST BANAS, SUKU AND OTHER NALLAHS) TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION ...... L.1 1.1 BasinFeatures ...... L.1 1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects ...... L.1 1.2.1 Presentand plannedprojects ...... L.1 1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activities ...... L.1 1.2.3 Non-irrigation development projects ...... L.2 2.0 ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW ...... L.2 2.1 PhysicalEnvironment ...... L.2 22 ChemicalEnvironment ...... L.4 2.3 BiologicalEnvironment ...... L5 2.4 Socialand Cutural Environment...... L5 2.5 CommunityHealth Environment ...... L6 3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... L.6 3.1 General...... L 3.2 lmpactsSpecific to the BasinGroup 9 ...... L6 3.2.1 RWRCP...... L6 3.2.2 Plannedprojects ...... L.6 4.0 MITIGATIONPLAN ...... L
UST OF BOXES
Box Li: BasinGroup 9 RWRCP(ha) ...... L.1 Box L2: WestBanas Medium Irrigation Project ...... L.2 Box L3: LandUse (ha) ...... L3 Box L4: CroppingPattem and Crop Yields ...... L.3 Box L5: Measuresto SustainPositive Impacts ...... L.7 Box L6: MitigationMeasures ...... L.7
UST OFTABLES 
TableL1.1: An Overviewof Featuresof BasinGroup 9 ...... L.8 TableLl.2: BasinGroup 9 WaterDevelopment upto year 2015 ...... L.9 TableL1.3: SalientFeatures of Existing,Ongoing and ProposedSurface Water Project in BasinGroup 9 ...... L.10 Table L2.1:Existing Environmental Condition within the BasinGroup 9 ...... L.11 Table L3.1:Basin Group 9 EMP: lmpactAssessment Matrix for RWRCP...... L.15 TableL3.2: BasinGroup 9 EMP: lmpactAssessment Matrix for PlannedProjects ...... L.17 
SEA:Final Report - Volume3 April30,2000 PageL. i UST OF MAPS
Map LI: Basin Group 9 Development ...... L20 Map L2: Soil Types Key Map of Basin Group 9...... L21 Map L3: Geological Key Map of Basin Group 9 ...... L.22 Map L4: Agro-Climatic Zones and Inigation Demand Zones in Basin Group 9 ...... L23 Map L5: GroundwaterDepth (Pre Monsoon 1998) of Basin Group 9 ...... L24 Map L6: Changein Groundwater Depth (Pre Monsoon 1984 & 1998) of Basin Group 9 ...... L25 Map L7: GroundwaterExploftation within Basin Group 9, 1998...... L26 Map L8: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinities in Basin Group 9 ...... L27 Map L9: GroundwaterKey Map of Basin Group 9 ...... L28 Map L10: Forest Areas and Protected Areas Relative to Planned Projects in Basin Group 9 ...... L29
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 PageL ii SECTIONL BASINGROUP 9 (WESTBANAS, SUKLI AND OTHER NALLAHS) 
1.0 PROJECTDESCRIPTION 
1.1 BasinFeatures 
The BasinGroup 9 comprisesof 3 river basins;West Banas, Sukli and OtherNallahs of Jalore Distnict.These basins area locatedin southemRajasthan adjoining Gujrat State. Ali the three basinsdrain into Gujrat. The groupof basinscovers a total catchmentarea of 0.471Mha occupying 1.38% of the state.The catchmentarea is spreadin 3 districtsnamely Jalore.Sirohi and Udaipur.River West Banasoriginates in the hilis nearSirohi and enters Gujratafter flowing to a distanceof 48 km in Rajasthan.Main tributaries are: Dharvat, Kukri, and Sukl:rnvers. River Sukli originatesin Southwestof Sirohidistrict and entersGujrat after flowingto a distanceof 45 km in Rajasthan.The main nallahsjoining Sukli rver are: Udwaria.Tokra, Nagni,Dabari, Sillinadi, Butri and Mandar.Other NallahsBasin consists mainly of independent small nallahs originatingwithin the basin. The main rvers are: Badgaonand Sukul. West Banas and SukliBasins are characterisedby hardrocks and hard rocks overlainby a thin aliuvial mantie.Other Nallahs Basin is mostly characterisedby aliuvialaquifers. The basingroup is tropicaldesert, semi aridto arid with variablerainfail. An overviewof the basinis givenii TableLi.1. 
1.2 WaterDevelopment Projects 
1.2.1 Presentand plannedprojects 
The presentand projectedscenario of irrigationand non-irrigationprojects in the basinis givenin TableL1.2 and MapLi. Theseinclude 48 existingmedium and minor projects with a CCAof 22,762ha, oneon-going project with a CCAof 1815ha and 69 plannedprojects with a CCAof 30,538ha. The overalldevelopment is projectedto increasethe CCAfrom 22,762 ha to 55,120ha (TableL1.3). 
1.2.2 ProposedRWRCP activiffies 
The RWRCPcomponents (PRFO and SAIFT)are aimed at rehabilitationand modemization of existing mrrigationsystems that have low overallproject efficiency. Out of the threebasins in the group, RWRCP proposedin West Banas basin only. The CCA of the proposed RWRCPproject is 7867 ha (BoxL1) andis locatedin Sorohidistrict (Map Li). 
BoxLI: BasinGroup 9 RWRCP(ha) 
Onemedium project, West Banas 7867
At the time of this study, proposalfor the above project was not preparedby the PPU. Proposal would have to be preparedupon Wortd Bank approvingthe overail RWRCP. lnformation relating to the West Banas imgation project proposed under RWRCP componentsis presentedin Box L2.
SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apni30, 2000 PageL 1 1.2.3 Non- irrigation development projects
The SWP projected a significant growth in the annual water demands for domestic, industrial and livestock use. While the urban water demand doubles in the next fifteen years, the available waste water from urbanization is projected to be several times more than present quantities (Tabie L1.2).
Box L2: West Banas Medium lrrigation Project
1 Locaton Damon West BanasRiver in SirohiDistrict 2 Yearof Construction 1963 3 Live storagecapacity, Mm3 36
4 CCA, ha 7,867 5 Actualirrigation area, ha 2,480 6 PresentProject Efficiency, % 26 7- ProjectedIrngation Efficiency, % 50 8 Problems Canalsystem and reiatedstructures, lrngation practices and systemmanagement need to be improved. ç* ~~~~~~Source:TAHAL,1998 
2.O ENVIRONMENTALBASELINE OVERVIEW
The existing environmental conditions within the Basin Group 9 are summarized in Table L2. 1.
2.1 Physical Environment
Demography: According to 1991 census, the population of this basin group 9 was 0.60 million (rural 85%). The projected current (1999) population is 0.67 million. The forecast for the year 2015, as estimated in the SWP was 0.95 million, an increase of about 58 percent.
Soils: Tompsamments CaciorthidsFaleorthids soil group occupy major part of east and west of Other Nallahs and most of Sukli basins, the central part of Other Nallahs is occupied by Camborthids Calciorthids soil group. West Banas is occupied by Tomsamments soil group and hilis and hillocks (Map L2).
Geology: Ali of the other Nallahs Basin, westem half of Sukli Basin, and some westem part of West Banas Basin are occupied by quatemary era, sub-recent to recent age aliuvium with pebbles, gravei, sand, silt clay and hili scree etc. The remaining part of Sukli basin has phyllites. mica-schists, dolomilic marbies, migmatites, and gneisses. Most of West Banas Basin has calc-schists, calc-gneisses, marbies, mica schists, quartzites with synorogenic granites, gneisses and migmatites rocks (Map L3).
Land forms: The land forns in the basins comprise of hilis, valleys, plains and sand dunes. The main hili features are the hili ranges running north-east-south-westin the eastem-south- eastem part of Pindwara area and those south of Sirohi. They are all offshoots of aravalis and attain a maximum height of about 1.722 m in the llMt.Abuhili, south of Sirohi. The terrain bounded by Sirohi hilis in the east, and Jaswantpura and Silari hilís in the West, takes the form of plain. The area west of the Jaswantpura and Silari hi,is is essentially occupied by undulating sandy terrain, marked by sand hilis and depressions.
SEA: Final Report- Volume3 April 30, 2000 PageL 2 Land use: Out of total land areaof 0.47Mha of the Basins,an areaof 0.12Mha (25 percent) is consideredsuitable for inigation.Of this area, some 0.023Mha are underthe existing irrigationprojects. A broadbreakdown of the cultivatedland, croppingpattem and yield of majorcrops in the basinis givenin Box L3and L4.
Box L3: LandUse (ha) 
* Kharf 11,000 * Rabi 60,000 * DoubleCropped 66,000 * Fallow 46,000 * Total 182,0-00
 lrrigation growth: With the completionof ongoingprojects and implementationof planned projects,the total CCAin the basingroup would increase from 22,762ha to 55,119ha. The areaoutside the CCA with presentlevei of groundwaterdraft, is estimatedas 92,000ha, which is projectedto reduce by about 10% by the year 2015 due to the growth of groundwaterutilization by highpriority sectors. Box LU:Cropping Pattem and CropYields 
Crop/Season %Cropped Yield (Ilha) Kharif Maize 9.8 1.07 Jowar 2.6 0.47 Pulses 10.8 0.39 Bajra 38.0 0.43 Others 38.8 - Rabi Wheat 13.2 2.59 Mustard 24.4 1.08 Gram 0.9 0.92 Barley\ 0.6 0.58 '>Others 6.
Climate: The climateof the West Banasand Sukli Basinshas been dassified as tropical desert,and and hot.The climateof OtherNallahs is cdassifiedas tropicaldesert, semi-ard and hot. The meanannual rainfall varies from 353 mm in OtherNallahs and Sukli Basinsto 601 mm in WestBanas Basin. Out of this,the rainfallreceived during the monsoonmonths (June-September),varies from 99 % in Other Nallahsand Sukli basins;to 90 % in West BanasBasin. The meandaily maximumand minimumtemperatures in the basinsvary from about400C in the summerto about26°C during winter. The mean annualrelative humidity valuesare: moming67%, evening 47%. Mean wind velocity is highestin June(9 knVyr)and lowestin December(2.4 kmlhr).
Agro-Climatic zones:The basingroup is coveredby the followingagro climatic zones (Map L4): • Zone II B Transitionalplain of LuniBasin • Zone IV A Sub-humidsouthem plain and aravali hilis 
Reservoirs:There is no majorreservoir of significancein the basingroup. 
River water quantity;:The computedmean yields of West BanasBasin, Sukli Basinqnd the Other Nallahs Basin at the rivers' outfiow from Rajasthanare 55,190 and 90 Mm3/yr, respectively.The annualyield (Mm3) at 75% and 50% excedenceprobability for different
SEA:Final Report- Volume3 April 30, 2000 PageL. 3 basins is estimated as 217 and 406 for West Banas Basin, 50 and 112 for Sukli Basin and 9 and 32 for the Other Nallahs Basin.
Groundwater table: The water table aquifer comprises of hardirocks and aliuvium. Reported static water levels within these basins durng pre-monsoon 1998, were in the range of 10 to 20 m (Map L5). Changes in water table leveis durng the period 1984 - 1998 indicate rise of water table in some portions in the Other Nallahs and decline in other areas of all the three basins (Map L6). Groundwater is over exploited in Jalore district and in Sirohi the groundwater development is in semi-critical stage (Map L7).
Water use: The water use (1995) and future projections upto 2015 are given in Table L1.1 and L1.2.
Sedimentation: TAHAL (1998) estimated siltation rates on the basis of data from existing reservoirs in the basin, as well as information on silt load observation at river gauging sites, maintained by CWC and ID. lt is assumed that 55% of the incoming silt is in the live storage and 45% in the dead storage. TAHAL (1998) reportedthe silt load value for Basin Group 9 as 137 m31km2/year. The reduction in the live storage capacity of dHfferentdams over the years show less than one percent per year of sift deposit in the reservoirs. As the irrigation dams are designed for 100 years life expectancy,the silt load in the basin is considered low.
2.2 Chemical Environment
River Water Quality: No information was available from SPCB/CPCB regarding surface water quality in the basin.
Groundwater quality: Groundwater in West Banas, Sukli and Other Naliahs Basin is used for irrigation as well as non-irrigation purposes. Groundwater quality (1998) within the basins is generally suitable for irrigation except for some isolated patches (Map LB). Groundwaterin 60% area in West Banas, 79% area in Sukli and 71% area in Other Nallahs is reported unsuitabie for drinking by PHED (Map L9).
Soil salinity, sodicity and soil quality: The soil salinity is not significant in these basins. An arca of 1875 ha in West Banas Basin, 988 ha in Sukli Basin and 6324 ha in Other Nallahs Basin is reportedto be saHtaffected in welis and tube well irrigated areas (GOR, 1969).
No specific inforTnation is available on the soil degradation due to sustained removal of nutrients associated with more intensive cropping, inadequate use of organic matter and inappropriate use of fertilizers particulauly in inigated amas. Discussions with soil scientists and agronomists from Agriculture Departmentand Rajasthan Agricultural University indicated zinc, nitrogen and phosphorous deficiency in general. The average grain yield of irrigated crops such as wheat, gram, and mustard are found 20 to 100 percent higher over non- inigated crops (1996-98) in different districts in the basin.
Pollution sources: The industrial development is negligible. There are 5 industrial areas in Sirohi and 2 in Jalore in the basin setup by RIICO (RIICO 1998). The towns in the basin are not sewered. There is no sewage treatment plant for any of the towns.
Fertilkzer use: Fertilizer use is below the use per ha ín the state in 1997-98. The average annual fertilizer use in the total cropped area (irrigated and unirrigated) during 1997-98 (in the form of nutnents, kg/ha) in different distlcts in the basin (Map 4.12, Vol. 2) is found to range from 18 to 48 kg/ha. Assuming, that farmers apply fertilizer only in irrigated areas, the rate of application ranges from 52 to 127 kglha, minimum being in Jalore and maximum in Sirohi. Discussionswith State Agriculture Department and RAU indicate that up to 200 kglha of fertilizer use ( in the form of nutrients) annually is considered safe and would not have adverse residual impact.
SEA: Final Report- Volume3 April 30, 2000 Page L. 4 Pesticide use: The pesticide consumptionin the basín group during 1997-98 (as per TGM) has been in the range of 0.12 to 1.27 kg/ha (Map 4.13, Volume 2) with an average of 0.56 kglha.
The limited studies conducted durng 1991-99 at RAU Research Station Durgapura (Jaipur) showed residualimpact on vegetables. Water quality monitorng from agncultural runoff with regard to pesticides content is needed and awarenessabout limiting the use within the limits of standard maximum residue level for different pesticides ( Annexure 11.8, Volume 2) is required.
2.3 Biological Environment
8iodiversity: There is one sanctuary,Mount Abu Wild life, in Sirohi district spread in 10,400 ha in West Banas Basin. There are no conservation areas. The basin is rich in creepers like rivea, ipomoea and grasses and plants of medicinal and asthetic value, ln Other Nallahs Basin. typical desert scrubs with xerophytic vegetation of diverse nature are found. ln this basin. Tecomella undulatais consideredas a threatened/endangeredflora. 
Leopard. sioalh bear, redspur fowl, peafowl and tortoise in West Banas Basin, and Great Indian Bustard and black buck in Other Nallahs Basin are considered as the endangered fauna
Forest area: The basin group has a forest area of 980 ha under different categones (reserved,protected and unclassified)which is only 2 percent of the total catchment areas of the basin group.
Planned projects do not appearto be in the ciose vicinity of forests (Map L10). lf projects proposed to be located within 10 km of the boundary of reserved forests or a designated ecologicaliysensitive area, or within 25 km of the boundaryof National park or sanctuarywill require environmental clearance from the Central Govemment. Hence, location of such project lying in the vicinity of the forest land, sanctuary, national park has to observe these legal requirements.
Lakes: Nakki lake in Mount Abu is a famous lake in West Banas Basin. The rainfall and location of the lake are such that sufficient flushing and dilution of water takes place seasonally but being a ciosed lake, is vuinerable to many deteriorating effects. Sewerage and drainage are considered immediate requirementsof lake and its surroundingsto avoid lake pollution.
2.4 Social and Cultural Envirornnent
The basin group contains: 1.4 percent of the state populationof which 85 percent live in rural areas; 386 viliages and 4 towns and 36 percent scheduied caste and scheduied tribes as against 30 percent at the state levei. Populationdensity is 119 personsper sq.km. as against 129 for lhe state. Other Nallahs Basin has the lowest population density of 109 among the three basins in the basin group. Average land holding is 3.97ha which is similar to the land holding at the state level. An average of 34 percentfamilies are below poverty line as against 31 percent at state levei. The total literacy rate is 29 percent which is much lower compared with other basins in Rajasthan.
The birth and death rates in the basin group are 1.8 and 0.6 per 1000 ,which are lower than the state rales. The gender ratio is 945 women for 1000 men. The female literacy rate is 13%, which is lower than the state's average. The mean age at mamage is 17 years, which is an impediment to education and development of women. The fertility rate is 6 children per women as against 4.7 at the state levei. The female literacy rate is 13 percent.
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page L. 5 There are tribais in West Banas Basin-Gracia tribal community residing in almost three fourth area of the basin in eastem part in Sirohi district. Other two basins do not have trbal population.
People participation: There is only one NGO in Other Nallahs Basin. Other basins do not have any NGO. There are in total 1512 Cooperative Socities in these basins, maximum societies being in the Other Nallahs Basin (1407).
2.5 Community Health Environment
The water related diseases are negligible in case of Malaria, Jaundice/Hepatitis, and typhoid. Cases of Gastroenteritisare considerable particularly in Sirohi district, 26 per 1000 in 1997. Poor quality and contaminated drinking water and poor drainage conditions provide the opportunity for such high rate of incidence.
Baseline data for community health problems in new irrigated areas, will have to be gathered considering existing public health centers and medical facilities in rural areas to address the possible increase in water bom diseases, and develop effectively additional facilities in time..
3.0 POTENTIALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 
3.1 General
A discussion on impact identification, methodologyand guidelines for production of impacts, typical examples for the RWRCP and planned projects is contained in the SEA Report (Volume 2). For the Basin Group 9, the impact assessment matrix for RWRCP and planned projects is given in Tables L3.1 and L3.2, respectively.
3.2 Impacts Specific to Basin Group 9
3.2.1 RWRCP
Although mostly positive, there would be a concem on possible reduction in groundwater recharge due to rehabilitation and modemization of irrigation systems, as over exploitation and/or semi-critical to critical stage of development is occumng in the entire basin.
3.2.2 Planned projects
• Most of the planned projects appear to be in areas in which significant groundwater is over exploited. New inigation in such areas will provide an environment conductive to increased recharge. The impacts will be two fold: a reduction in pumping depths for domestic demand in over exploited armas and, an increase in waterlogging conditions in shallow water table areas. ln both cases, the conditions promote the need for judicrous integrated surface and groundwater management. • The new irrigated CCA requires careful planning, considenng the vast bio-diversity in the forest and protected areas.
4.0 MmGATION PLAN
Measures to sustain positive impacts and mrtigation measures for the negative impacts related to different environmental parameters in RWRCP and Planned Projects are included in Tables L3.1 and L3.2. These are summarized in Box L5 and L6.
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30.2000 PageL 6 The mitigation measures mainiy pertain to efficient use of surface water, conjunctive use of surface and groundwater, adequate drainage, management practices for agrículture ínputs such as INM & iPM, regular maintenance of 1 & D systems, involvement of WUA in the distribution, management and maintenance of canais, industrial and municipal waste water effluent treatment before discharge into rvers or spread on land for irrigation.
The water quality monitoring, analysis and enforcement of legal requirementsto maintain the effiuent quality from industries, sewage and agriculture runoff should be ensured by the suggestedagencies (Chapter 11, Volume 2).
A discussionfor each of the measuresis included In the SEA Report Volume 2.
Box L5: Measuiresto Sustain PosifiveInpacts 
RWRCP PlannedProjects * O&Mof l&Dnetwork * IWAM * IWAM * O&Mof I&Dnetwork * OFD * New drainagenetwork * Groundwatermanagement * OFD * INM,IPM,weed controí * Groundwatermanagement * Effiuenttreatment * WUAformation * Provisionof drainage * WaterPricing * Infrastructuredevelopment such as roads, * INM,IPM, weed contraí training marketsand credit& inputfacilities * Avoidanceof locatingprojects near * 100%membership in WUA ecologicalsensitive armas * FarmerslNGOtramning * Infrastructuredevelopment such as roads, \* Watersupply and sanitation marketsand credit & inputfacilities 
BoxL6: Mifigation Measures RWRCP PlannedProject * Groundwatermanagement (controi of over o IWAM exploitationof GW) * OFD * AgrnculturalDrainage * Maintainin-tream flow requirements * O&Mof I&D network * INM,IPM, weed controa * Effiuenttreatment * Watersupply & sanitation 9* Community Health
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30,2000 Page L 7 Table LI.1: An Overvlew of features of Basin Group 9
S.No. Baln Feature Value lnfornation I______Source 1 Catchment armawfthin Rajasthan 0.47 Mha Tahal 2 Districts ArmaKm 2 % of BasinArma Jalore 1,805 38.3 Taha Sirohi 2,90 61.6 Udaipur 2.2 3 Population (Milllon) 1991 1995 2005 2015 Rural 0.51 0.55 0.65 0.74 Tal Towns 0.09 0.10 0.15 0.21 Total Basin 0.60 0.65 0.80 0.95 4 Totalcultur ah*4Mha) 0.12 9i Pban Averageimgated arma (Mhe) 0.06 5 Totalmean *nnual urfabeWater otal MmatYr 422 9thPan * Utilized(Imhn3rI 84 Tahal * % Utilzed - 20 6 TotalGroundwater mnual r~cham. (Mm') 204 GWD,GOR Utilized(Mm31vr) 255 *%, Ulizeod 125 7 Total CCA (ha) ExisbngProecs 22,762Tahal OngoingProjet 1.819 * Propasd Project 30.539 Total 55.120 8 AreaImgad usingGroundwatar (ha) * Exisbng 92.425V/tal atstics * In the year 2015 (assumed) 90.450 9 Water Transfr No planuptoyear 2015 10 Non-4rriaationWater dmand (Mm'Ir) 1995 * Domesbc 11.9Tahal Industnal 0.7
*Live __ _ __ 24.11______Total 434 Sources:1) TAHAL& WAPCOS.1998. Water Rem s Pannngfor WeslBanas. Suili andOter NaliahsRiver Basims. 2) ProjectPreparation Unit 3) Departuentof lmgaon , GOR,Jaipur, 1996. Report of the Workinggrop on Imgabonfor The NinthFive Year Plan (1997-2000) 4) GroundWater Depa"meit. GOR,1999, Groun WaterResoures of Rajsthan (lmgationPotental) as an Juaery, 1998.
Note: Thevalues have beon compiled Irm vanoussouroes and adopted, wdh best judgemnnt for thisSEA study. Therefore lhese values may not beapptopnate for desagrungdeovopment works(bot~ RWRCP and panned proec) wifin andoutside the respecbtvCCAs. 
SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30. 2000 PageL.8 Table 11.2:Basin Group 9 Water Oevelopment upto year 2015
Water Development lrrlgation Rehabililation Non-lrrigation Other Water Profecia Projects Prolects Projecte Rainfed Watershedrl Evaporation
_ asin's WR WR OFD OFD RWRCP Domestic Llvestock Industrial Agrículture< ' Dev. a Sol ponds SW GW Transfer wilh PRFOA Urban Rural Thermal Other Conservation stagnant Command Non Import SSo SAIFT powcr water bodies command Present development Area (Mha) O023 o 000 0 092 o _ 0.158 0.002 3 Water use: Mm /yr 11 o 349 - 7 11 24 1 0.7 Expansion upto 2015 Area (Mhal 0 032 0.001 0.002 - - - 0.008 - - - -0.032 0.01 Water use: Mm/vr 231 _ 7 _ 7. 4.4 -4. 0.4 _ Year 2015 cumulative Ara Mha 005 0.00 0.090 000 - - - - 0.126 0.017 3 prolections Water use: Mm I 351 0_ 342 15.1 15.4 19.31 1.1 -
1 Rainfedagriculture Is assumedas total area sultablefor inigatlonminus the Canal CommandArea. 2 WalershedDevelopment Program Constitute uplo 30%lidgaled areawlth lhe Individualbtock (Panchayat Samiti) lInthe IXth Plan.Present development Ia for 1996-98.Projections based on 1,000 ha/yr.
Sources: 1>TAHAb & WAPCOS.1998, Water ResourcesPlanning for Wesl Banas,Suklí and OtherNalíahs River Basins. 2) GroundWater Department, GOR. 1999,Ground Waler Resourcesof Rajaslhanlrrigatlon Potentialas on January 1998 3) WalershedDevelopment and Sol ConservationDepartment, Jaipur 4) Dlrectorateof Agriculture,Rajasthan, 1998. Vital AgricultureStatistics, 1997-98 
Note: The valueshave been compiledfrom varlous sourcesand adopled,wlth best judgementfor this SEA study.Therefore Ihese vahbesmay nol be epproprlalefor designingdevelopment works (both RWRCPand plannedprojecís) within and oulside lhe respectiveCCAs 
SEA Final Report- Volume 3 Page L 9 Apfil 30. 2000 Table L1,3: Sallent Features of Existing, Ongoing and Proposed Surface Water Projects ln Basin Group 9
Status Class No. af "cts FreeCatchment Uve Storage C Amsa Capacity ______km2 Im3 ha ______e ______st___ W.stBanas Buln Exsting Medium 1 410 36 7.867 Minor 17 326 34 _ 6.624 Subtotal 18 735 71 14491 proçosod Medium 3 59 74 10.877 Minor 24 40 87 9.989 Subtotai 27 99 161 20.866 Total 45 834 232 35.356 SukllBsln Exisbna Minor 12 330 22 4.739 Prod Medium 1 223 26 3.978 Minor 27 na. 27 3.920 Subtotal 28 223 53 7,898 Total 40 5S3 75 12.637 0Ot Nalabh Basln Exsbn |Minor 18 216 20 3.533 O JqMinor 1 73 17 1.819 Proped jMiínor 14 195 8 1.775 Total 33 483 45 7.127 ______e WInGroup 9 Exairng Medium 1 410 36 7.867 Minar 47 871 76 14.895
______SubTotal 48 1281 113 22,762 Onq Minor 1 73 17 1,19 Pro d Medium 4 282 100 14,855 Minor 65 235 122 15.684
______SubTotal 69 517 222 30.539 Total 118 1.870 351 55.120
CCA: CulturableCormand Arma n.a.: notavaibble MinorProject: < 2,D00ha MediumPro,ect: 2.000- 10,000 ha MajorProject: > 10.000ha Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS.1998. War RosourcesPlanning for WestBanas, Sukli and OtherNalahs Basins. 
SEA FinalRepon - Volume3 April 30.2000 PageL.10 Sheet 1 of 4
TableL2.1: Existing EnvironmentalConditions within the Basin Group9 
Existlng S.No. Environmental Banline InformUon Conditions : ~~~Wst ganas Basin 
Demography(million) 1991-0.22.1999 - 0.38. 2015-0.48 Topography The westempart is markedby hlly terrambelonging to Aravalichain. East cf the lils lies a narrowalluvial plain wltt a gentieoastward ldope. Sois Mosi of the basin is aod by hilis & hilacks.the centr portionfalis un To__ipsammentssoil group. Geooygy Windblown sands (sand dunes) cobble, graves. sand, sii1, & kankarof quatomaryera ar, Malanirhvolite, granite.Schkst and ghvilites,Middle to uDOerwotorozio era. Landform HIIlranges running NE-SW on eihor sido of basinwith narrow longitudinal strlko vays Ir the centraipart Thebasin is havinga moderatedoPe lawas outh.Sandy brramin i w of Jaswantpura & SUarhlas. Landuse Imgabieama 18% (328 sq.km). Land use danos consrtue(sq.kun): Khaff-Z Rabi-12-2 doubo cropped- 111. falklo-93. WabrDistrlbution WestBanas Is a surpiusbaun in surfacewatr. Sprnkbersets - 269.Area iriTgatd bs Spnnlderaoprox. 1345 ha. IrmgabionGrowth ExistingProiects: 1 medium, 17 minar. Proposod proiects: 3 medium and 24 minar. CroppingPatom Maorcrops sown area in the baasin(imgated and un rigated during 1996-97) Kharu Jowa 40.74%.BaJra 10.09%, Maize 22.64%. Kharif pusos 10.45%, Rabi: Wht 21.06%,Barey 1.19%,Gram 1.74%, Musltard 24.83%. Climate Basin mean aenuaílránf:6O1mm. rainy days-49.Humidit,vmoming 66% and 47%.Meanannual wind speed: 5 km/hr. Reservors Mediumand minor prolects. Livestoraae 71 Mm3 3 RiverWater Quantity Annualbasin ytold at 50% excedonce orbabillty 406Mm ir Drainwater Quantity Se_pagetossas fromcanal stm approx.= 10 percentof lr-g_ suppl,es Groundwatertable Premonsoon SWL (1997-98):10-20m Sedimentation 137m3/km2h2 (Same as in Banas) 2 Chwmical_ River Water Ouality . Reservoirwater quality Groundwatar quality EC0.7 to 1.29dS/m. Somoexceptions of EC 2.9 dSlm.60% arma cassified unsutable drinkina by PHED. SodSalinity & Sodicity 1,875ha Poantsource Pollution 7 RIICOindustial amas. No hot spots. Diffusesource Pollut,on Poliutiont agm~ulunofl_0.7 s ggiblo. Sewagemfluent e atedfrom 3 as 3 ______Mm in1999 Fertilizeruse Total3.5411 NPK (3,034t N, 4981K& 8t P).Law l Pestucideuse 5.6tTGM; 0.12 kclha.Law levei Weedkiller Neoigible 3 Biological DesortEnvironment Notappiicabie Naturaldesert Flara Notapoicabie Endangeredflora Notapplicable DesertFauna Notapplicabie Conservationareas Mountabu sanctuary, hiabest pant Ghurushikhar Lakes Nakkilake in MouniAbu. Wiidlife Leopard.Sloath Bear.Sambhar.8luebull,Wiidboar Hyaena. Reptiles and Many birds Forests(sq.krn.) SuppwtsCentral lndian Subtropical evergrebn forest : Reserved156, Protectod 400. Undassifbed nil Total556). Wetiands Nil Endanaeredfauna Leopard.Sioath Bear. Redspur fowt. Peafowl, Toatoise Biodrversity Ric ini'eepers hiw Rivea,Ipo~osa and Grassos. Vaned fomr of plantsof medicinal raosthocvalue 4 Socio- Cultural CropYields Crop yield m basin (1996-97),lha: Jiwer 0.47, Basta0.43, Mauz 1.07, K.Puiss 0.39 Wheat2.59. Ba~iey1.98,Gram 0.71, Mustard 1.08. Landtenure Av. suzeaf landholdina (1995-96):2.7 ba. SentiementPattem Populationdensity 127_pemons par sq.k. Qualityof life (1995-96) TotalIneracy rate-31.94%, Docadal grt rato(1981-91>-20.6%.Birth rate per 1000- 0.73. _Death rato per 1000 - 0.65. Elect~city cansumpton- 105.3 Mkwhlr. (1995-96). Genderequitv 949Women per 1000men. Female literacy rate-17%. 
SEA:FinalReport - Volume3 Apilü30.2000 PageL.1 1 Shset 2 0f 4
TableL2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions within the Basin Group9 
Existing S.No. Environmental Baseline Infornatjon Conditons Peoplepartncipatíon 69 CooceratveSoetiebs. Tounsm Noimportant places Histoncalsitos Ni NGOinvoavement Nil Indepenouspeople GarasivaTribe 5 CommunityHNith casas pord ln 1997) Msiana 119,cases por 1000 -1 Gastoententis 2474.cases pr 1000-11 - Jaundíce 10 Diarrnoea 1121 casesPer 1000 - 5 TvDhoid 146.cases por 1000- 1 Sukli Basin 1 Physical emoorac)ny(million) 1991-.09: 1999 - 0.11: 2015-0.13 Topograpny Eas~m parti5 rliod by tit, whs. hnwest bUe a narrowaliuvial pain wltl gari. eastwar 
Sais Majorarma wur Torripsam`nhrtsCMc ids Fa~iorthds;N-W paUtIs moy underNUts ceology Qua a to mnddlpirozoic era.Uw formar is representeaby mebtndposit whuemt baterby raiani rlh,dite eanm guraanneand neissasschist.thllite etc. Iand Fornns W nges-Ofl of Ara~vhsrunrn NE-SWin eastampat Thewern part s o__ _ied bv valbcv,POin and sand dunes. LandUse lmgableama 29% (277sq.km.).Land use claaes
SEA:FinalReport - Volume3 April 30. 2000 PageL.12 Sheet3 of 4
Table L2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions wlthin the Basin Group 9
Existlng S.No. Environmental Baselne Informatlon Conditions 4 Socio- Cultural CropYtelds Averagecrop yiold in basin(1996-97), ttha: Jowor0.47, Bajra0.43, Maize1.07, KPulse 0.39, Wheat 2.59. Barley-1.98,Gram 0.71, Mustard 1.08. Foodfor Work Program Nil Landtenure <1995-96) Avermaese of landholdiàns (1995-96)2.70ha. SettiementPantem (1991) Populationdensity-127 per persons sC.km. Qually of 1ido(1995-96) TotallIteracy-31.94%. Decadal growth ru 1981-91)- 20.7%.blh rsitepor 1000-0.73 deathrato per 1000- 0.65,ehecYConsumDtiOn 55.8Mkwhtyr. (1995-96). Genderequity 949women por 1000 men, Femab lbitracy rate 17% Peovieparticlpation CooperativeSocieties-36 Tourism No importmntplacas Historicalsibts Nil NGOinvolvement Nil lndeoenous Deople 5 Conimunty HIaatth(cases rpoerd ln 1997i
Gas_tro_r_tertis 1272,cases per 1000 -. 11 Jwndice 5. Mhyslcal DS6 61_eses ___ca_ par e___es_ aras___per__ rhe s______-__ s __ _T_ __hoid 75 cFases andr1000 1 r Othrr NallauhsBasin 1 Physical Demogra7phy(million) 1991-0.20.1999 - 0.27, 201"034 tolpography Eastem part is rnaie by hilly teran of Aravai ar,ange,in westem part. a nano allvi plain with aant7esbpe m o sast lies. The basin is aeneral a bw pvnadsin. ,Soils Westemnpart 8 eastern part tsUs under th sail grupTonipsamrnents Cadcirtids
Geobgy Quatemary ems, retpresented by adluviurnwith pebblas, gravel. sand, silt, day, hill sro7e etr.
LandForms Mainhil rangesrunning NE-SW in eastwhile valley, pain. andsand aunas in west. LandUse lmgableana: 62%(1211 sq.krm) Land use casses(ama, sq.km):Kharif-101, Rabi-383, doublec=a7Dped-423, fallow-304. WaterDistribubon Surpluspropo~sed to be t~ransWerdto Luni basin.Spnnker sets - 1930.Approx. ina arcabV spnnkler9650ha ImaationGrowth Existing roects:18 mna OnqoinaP~e 1manar Provosedvrcts: 14 minor. CroppingPanem Kharif% ama;Jower 0.77. Bazra 57.26, Maize 0.97, Kharif Puises 11.08, Rabi: Wheat 7.78. Badev0.16, Gram 0.36. Mustard 24.09 ClAimate Basinmean annual rainfal-353mm, Relativa humadty morning 66.7% and evrng 47%, Meanannual wind sveed-5kmlhr. Reservowfs AlI minorproiects RiverWater Quantty Annualbasin vield at 50%exedence vrobabilitv 32 Mm3tvr. Dminwater Quantity Seeae loms fram Canalsystem a x.10% of lgation suvpites Groundwatertable Premonsoan SWL (11997-983):10-2m bo 3 2 Sedimentation 355 m /km 1yr( samr as ih Luni) 2 Chemical Rivar Water QuaItv - Reservoarwater quality - Groundwater Quality ln hard rock areas EC is usually <1 dS&m.ln aíh aquifer. EC valuos are 0.7 to 2.9 dSI1 71% armadass1ied as unsuitable for dnnkinqby PHED Soil Salinity & Sodicrty 6324ha Point source Pollution Nil (No mndustrialamras). No urban ameaexcept one t_n. Difuse source Pollutaon Wasto dispasal m dranaga system. Pollubon frrm agn turaul unoff negbgible. Sew effluent from oan town is estimated as 0.1 Mm3ln 1999 Fertilizer use 2.830t NPK (2.332t N, 489t P & 8 K) No specffic trnd Pestaide use 43.04t TGM, 1.17 kc/ha Weed kilíer Negliagible 3 Bíalogical_ Desert Envaronment Typical desert scrubs wlth xerophybcveoetaton. Natural deserl Flora Prosopis spicagaera.Salvadora.Tecomelba. Calotrovas spp. Endanered flora Tecomella undulata.Ephedraspp. 
SEA:Final Report - Volume 3 April 30.2000 Page L.13 Sheet4 of 4
Table L2.1: Existing Environmental Conditions wlthin the Basin Group 9
Existing S.No. Environmental Baselinelnformation Conditions DesertFauna DesertFox,Great lnoian Bustard,Hedge Hog,Eagles,Saw scaled Viper Sanchore dlosed arca Lakes No lake inthe basin Wildlile Sandgmuse.Larks.Buzzard,Pipits.Desert Fox Forests-26%,Birth rate per 1000- 3.35, Death rate Der 1000 - 0.57. Electricity Consumotion-61.1 MkwtVr. (1995-961 Gendereawutv 943women per 1000men, Female literacy rate-8.5%. PeooleoanrCiDanon Cooperativesocieties-1407 Tourism No importantplace Historicalsaes 1(Bhinwalin Jalore) NGO involvement 1 indeenous eoDie Nil 5 CommunitvHealth Icases reported In 19971 MaIana 234: casesper 1000- 1 Gastroententis 1328: cases er 1000- 6 Jaunoice 24 Diarrhoea 776: casesper 1000- 3 Tvphoid 79 Source: SoeReferences 
SEA:Final Report - Volume3 Apnl30. 2000 Page L. 14 Pago t of 2
Table 13.1: Basin Group S EMP: Impact Assesament Matrlx for RWRCP
RWRCPComponente: tmprovecd"8gallon managementand transier: AgilculhIral Inlenslficatlon;Sustainable ground waler resourre management. RWRCPActlvtvo: RehabRitationand modemizatlanof IbD sysbemsIn 7900 ha (West Banas medium Prolect: LInIngof canaisand water courase(as noe )ed:rehablibteln of stmcures: servi roads; flow measurement removal ol unauthorl renodeling of out%etsforma~tn of WVJAand Waetr DOstrbudionCommiltt e e; agicultureS tçe..ttening extanslon; and. fánmer raing rough PRFO an SAIFT. S.No Envlronmental Potential lmpct Rmtingol Impecte for Slgnlifcanco Mealurae to *ustaln MmtgáHonfiMmeurs Reeldual kmpacta Parameter durtcoptmagntudibreNton/ neutral or positivolmpacte for negatva lmpacte
11 Physicd on a sector-wlde t Demoqrmolh No _mpd_ Nul Negligibi 2 Toporephy Land knprovement Loralwçposhivefanq-te1mifrreversibio basis 3 Sos:walbr konm Lower waler table Low/bw/postlveiong termeversible O&M of IbD network 4 Sois: Oumit increasedtertitu IWAU 5 Geo No Impart Nul O Land forms 7 Landuse head end 8 Land use: miidde - Some Inomen~t 'calow~positive/lnil-tem/reversiblo IWAM O&M of l&D networtr 9 Lend use: tai end Changefrom Inqbeb multi 10 On-tarm devoan Im ved land levoUac Locla~ tiv/ng--tormnVreversibio OFO t 1Water distributlon System Inerased supplyto lal end: lnerasaed Local/ bw/ posltivel long.-tm/ reversíble IWAM O&M of IbD networt irriatb3n etUbbency 12 Dramnaesystem Impro drinama LocaUmedlumtpostlvefon-tm/l reverul0te 133Ir ala Intensfty Increaso LocaVtovd positlvel bng-lem/ reversible 14 Irr atlonGrowth 15 Croppínq tntens__ LoclV Ml ooslthlvlo htemifIrreverusb1 16 cr~ pChm hitroducdonoa hitrh vaue crops LoceVlkw/ postiiveI lona-tom r~vermie 17 Cilmate No knpect Nt
199Surfvac walr qusntty Somae oemes Loca pwositive/long-te~mreversiblo
20 drawnwaf auat RAduced rretionnJnf Locr posil~ termeroversibl ObM oat&D netw 21 GW aquuferRecharge Reducedrch~rgo LocaUtowtnegativeon on mltraveorlbbe Contrmlai over exptntation ol GW. GW dep*f monitoring- 22 GW derdeon No h~ Ntl 23 GW labia risa Lowr watertabio Looal/bw/ postvh lng-eml/ reversibb Controi ot over oxplotatbonod GW, GW depth monllorIng- 24 Condun~tivouse rncreoe___ 25 Enosbon Cbeanhngod canais,water coursos a draine Locavmediurrlptillong-1e~ rersbie O&M oa l&D notwol 26 Sodmointnlbn
27 Surfecowatar quaNty Reducedpolulton ktom egro-chemkcals Localetow/ positve/ b-n~tJml reverulbe INM: IPM: weed control WO
28 Irampwar qucllty Improvenmentdue to INM/ 1PM LocraVw/ posv/ Shori-l mtfJreverslbbe mon 29 ReservotrWalor Ouai No Impmd Nll 30 GW drnk" quamití
332 Soltsa#nlf.t Re ias ailty LV low pasttlo/bng-WiemIrever f Prov iadrainage 33 Polnt aurea pobtbn No Impad NO 34 Ditusm palutlon ____
See Nole et Shoei 2
SEAAFt'al no~ - Volume 3 Pago L 15 Aptri 30. 2000 Pago 2 o1 2
Tablo ii3 t: Basin Group 9 EMP: Impacl Assessment Matrix for RWRCP
RWRCP Componentb: ImprovedIrrigalion managemenl and Iransflr; Agriculturalintensiricalion; Sustainabte ground water resourcemanagemenl. RWRCP Actlvties: Rehabfltation andmodemization ot tbC0systems hn 7900 ha (Wesl Banas medium Project):tlning ol canais and water courses(os needed); rehablitatton o( sunctures: service roads. flow measurement;removal of unauthori remodettngof ouletb; Ioçmalon of WUJAand WaeerDislibulon Commitlee; Sre nthening agricultur exlension: and. farmertrainng trough PRFOand SAIFT. S.to. Environmental Polefitial Impact Rating ot Impacts for Significanco Me4esurasto sustain Mtigatlion Measures Residual rnpacts Paramaiar 
35 FeflHiiter use Balanceduse LocaiUlow/neulraVlonq-term/reversihlo INM 30 Pn slirnr1ouso IPM 37 WOart kliiiOusO ._ain_t W____con_ro____a_n_ __ 3 Liological 38 Conservalon arcas No kmpact N__ 39 Witdtde 40 Foreost 41 Endangerednora 42 Lakestwrtor bodies 43 Bodivarsity 4 Soe-Cultural 44 Croovietd _ Inereas5 LocaVbwI posltt/ Iont-termi reversibba IWAM 45 Food for Woril program No tmpact No 46S Land lenure 47 Settlemeni patlem 48 OuaIty aí iOf Improvemenlhnaocioecnomy. incrso hn Local mediruwmposilive inolg-eorn/ikrveribbl lnfraarucre devebpinnl such as roads, literacy rate. hacreasein por captitahcoma marieta and edN 8 inputfacitles 
49 Gender equtty Impovad statusod women.Increaseh, boceVhigh/ pos"fJve/bng-lermU kTevefibt fileracy,more partkipalion tn farming and decbIion 50 Peopb participalon increased particpalion through WIJAS LoceUhightpositivl iong-lemVreversible Farmertrainkrg; 100% memboship h WUÃ
5 1 Tourism No lmpact Ntt 52 ilstriai silo_es 53 NGO Increased nvolvemeni locat~bwlposilivelíong ermflrreversible NGO traíning 54 Indigenouspeoolb Improvement i socb-conomk lsatlus ______tribais Wesl Banas Biasin _ 5 CommunitvHealth 55 DOsaases urban INapaci __ _ 56 DIseases.rural ecrease ih lhe Incidenceod matariaand Locatl bovI positêvel$ong-tem~ leversibte Waler suppty & saniitaion olher watar rotalod disuasos 57 *)iseaso: liva sioctk No impad Ni Nota: 1 Sope: Local: Ia wlthin 1 km ot lho proposaaddevelopmenl dhivity, basin-wtdrei within lhe basin Ilsei1fregional is within Ralaslhan 2> Magnitude:HSgh means >75%. medium is between 50-75%,bow is 25-50%and negliib Is lese 1han25% 3> Directbn: Nel posilivo. negativo or nouiral inpact 4) Duralion:ioag-lebmn is >10 yearls medium -lerm is 2-10 yoara.short . temmis <2 years 5> ReversibiNiy:Reversible ar Ineversibie (positiveof negativ) hmpactlo tlh resource/poputation(wtttan a projected lime - frama d 15 yeaars) 6) Paramlerb requtringmronitorng and denoled <*>
SEA Final Roprt - Voume 3 Pago 116 Aoprtt30, 2000 Sheet 1 ol 3
Table L3.2:Zasli Group O EMP: Impact Assessmenl Matrlx for Planned Projects
Plannod Projecta (Upto 2015): Irrlgalion expansion in 1800 ha (ongoing projecís): new irrigalion proiecis In addilional 30.500 ha, walor developmeni for non-agrncultureprojecis 7.5 Mm' (Induslry, domeslic, liveslock> S.40. Environmental Polontial Impacts Rating of Impacts Measure to sustain MtigatlIon moasuros Residual Impacto paramoblr magnlludelmCcop.I dlroctlonl durationv flutrai or positlve Impacts for negat Impacts or batt
1 PhyoIcai 1 _ phtrded reversiblitl oaivO 1 Demography Populalion mncreaseduo lo improved qualily Basin wide nhigh /posilive /rng ler m hirreversiblo I-rcreased agriculture outpul. ooib __e ___ lncreasedwaler suppiy 2 Topootaoth Land kmprovemenl in lrribaled area Local ttwv /posilive /long lerm firreversible environn~entallybenefcial. 3 Solts:Waleriogging Rise hnGW levei In CCA Sasin wide/ mediumt negatilv/ iong-lerm/ IWAM. OFO and subjeci lo mHligalionmeasures reversiblo Agrkullural drainage bcing Implemenied
4 Sois: Ouality Improve Basln wídermnedlumlposltiveliong-lermlreversible IWAM
5 Gook,qy No Impacd Nil o L and forms ______7 Land use: head end Rainfed agricuture lo Irrigaled agrkuiture; o1asnwidelmediumlposiliveoiong-lermireversible IWAM& O0M of ISD network Chango In cropping pattem: 8 Land usa: mlddhe 9 Land uso:ta01end 10 On-lerm development fnreoss Locaa7ndiumtpositev/long-lerrnY irreventbie ptbe OFO modei 11 Waler dislribution system Increase hnagricuiure and nor,-.gdalural Basin wido 1 high IposHiveiiong-teml Irreversíblo OFD. IWAM. OSM ol 16i demands. netr WUA, Waler Pring 12 Drainaga syslem Somo Improvemenl, iasln widetmedium/poasiveolng-lenimlreversiblo New drainage network
13 Irrigalion Ingensily lncrease Basia wid«medium/posifiveol0ngterm lreversib, iWAM, 06M of 16 neio. WUA 14 IrrngallonGmwth frrfgalionexpansion Basi wlde/ hlghl posilive/l ong-ltem~freversiblo OFD. iWAM. ObM ol SD neiworit. WUA 15 Cropping Inlensily Increased mulliplh cropping BasimwidnlmodiumlpositlnOong.lemtihTeversiblO IWAM
16 Cr n Pallern Iniroductlon of high value crops oasinw,eirdlumtposilivenong lerrnlrev"rsiblo IWAM 1t Clímrlo lmprovemenl ossible Bashnwldeolowlposllive/ loon-lermi/iroversibb 1o Resorvoirs New reservoorsbuill r.ocaI/negIibiegaUva/long-IemJIrreversiblo 19 Suwfacowaler quanliiy Reduced hn-streami5ow LocaUbwl nogtIUve shori lermi reversible Malnlain ln-slroam ihw requirenmnts 20 Drain waler quanlity Increased drain ilow Basin widotmedlumlnVallYaüvaong-lerm/reversible 
21 GW aquibor rechargo Increased rod'argo Basfn wkdmedium/posilive Aong-temr/reversibi ObM o/ 180 networl, fWAM
22 GW deoplicon Ne ialbiio IWAM 23 GW Utbl Riso in waler labio SaaIn wldel medintOaafilong-lamn rveoribo ObM dl 10 network, OFD. IWAM 24 Co4uncdivOusa Incresse LocaUkow/ posatvo/ ibng.lorflv reversit>e M orIng o GW expolftation anoenforcem.eni_ _ 25 EroNotn Nl Sifnlficanl 26 Sodsmontolion ______
Soe Nolo al Shoel 3
SEA: Final Roporit Volume 3 Pago L. 1 Aprii 30,2000 Shcoo 2 of 3
Tabh. 13.2: Basin Group 3 EMP: lmpact Assessment Matrlx for Planned Projects
Planned Projecta (Upto 20151: Irrigationexpansin in 1800 ha (ongoing projects). new irrigalion projects in additional 30.500 ha; water deveiopmenl for non-agrculture projecis 7 5 Mm (industry. domestic. livestock) S iio. Environmontl Potential impacto [ Ratina ai Impacts Moeasureto sumIamn Mittlgation measures Residual Impacts parameter  direction/ durationr neutral or positivo Impacte for negative Impacte -F ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~reversiblltv} or benefite 2 Chomícal 27 Surface waler quality Delerboraledin-slream and drain water Basin widel mediumt negativel reversibie Mainiain acceptabie water downslream quality; increasedindustriai(local in West qualily INM IPM enuen Banas Basin>and domestic emuent; and treatmenl and monitorng increased pesticido uso and entorcemert **
28 Drain water quality Delerioration due toilneased agro- RegtonalImediurnio.tgaiftIreversible INM, IPM, Mitouring** chemicais use 29 Rosorvoir walor quailly NorItbte Ni 30 GW drinking quatily Improved GW quallty. delertoratlon in easin wide/ mediumt positive & negativea/long- Eilnueni trealmoenand Industrial areas (Wesl Banas Basin) lermt reversible enlorcoment In industrial
31 GW Irrigation qualiiy Improved GW quahty Basin widel medlumnpositivo / Iong-lermmn Irreversibie 32 Sooisalinity Increased soil salhity hnCCA Basin wide/ med"imt tuegurnt iong-termt OFD. IWAM, O&M oa IbD reversible systems; provision oa ______drainaea 33 Poinl source polution Some increase due lo hndustriel Locai/wtfngalhn/lng termlreversible Trealmnt of Industrial deveioment ln West Banns Basin __ _ efluent and enforcement 34 Dilfusa source poilulan Sewago elluent disposa ln rivers *nd IocymedhnVthmiang-têr?n>reversibie Sewage eofluenl nealment. drainaga syslem; deterioration oa surface Monhtoringof eflueni WO; and enfarcement
35 Feorilizeruse Increased fertilizer use Basin wide/medhuni neulraV iong-termersversibío INM
36 Pestícid use Increased poeslicidcuse and fungicidos IPM 31 Weed kilier usa Incroase Weod conera S Iraini_ _ 3 qIoloIqcal4- 3_ Conservalion areas Minimai ws,pact locaU iow/ neutraUlong-terml irreversibio Avoidence o iocatling projecs Environmenlaly beneficiai for near ecological sensitive areas biodiversilty and wild life ______developmonl. 39 Wildlile 40 Foresis 411 Endannnered 42 LakelaIer bodies bora 43 Biodiversity
See Note at Sheet 3
SEA. Final Report Volume 3 Pago 1I Aprll 30 200 Shrcet3 ol 3
Tablo 13.2: Basin Group 9 EMP: Impact Assessment Malrix for Planned Projects
Planned Projects : lrrigalion expansion in 1800 ha (ongoing projects). new irrigation projects in additional 30,500 ha; watcr developmentfor non-agriculture projects 7. 5 Mm' (lnduslry. domestic. liveslock) 5 No Envlronmental Potential Impacta Rating of Impacts Measuro to sustaln Mttlgatton measures Residual Impacts parameter (scope magnilude/ directioni durationl neutral or positive Impacts for negativo Impacta or benelits _ reversíbliliiy 4 Socio-cultural 44 Crop yield Increase in yield Basn wide/ high/ positive/ long-term/ reversible IWAM Socio-cultural benefiis and improvemenit in quality ol life 4S ForAi lor wark pleficam Nolac 4P. 1 an1 tlrnurc (land hoil,ing) Chan!JesIrom dryltnd to irrigated agricullure Basin wide/ low/ neutralUlong-icrm/irroversib,e _.____ _~ _,o - _,v.7~ s1v~ _r-v.,ii . _ 4 1 S3c:iiqmut.rrt p;,lter Mograt Io he r aoreas.increase in asinwide/ nredium/ positive/ rrevorsiblo pqEltalion densiy- 411 tuã;ity oí Hle lnprovcmrnt in socbo-economy:increase i, Btasin ade/ ll hi/9 positive/ lanq-Icrn%iirreversibIe lniraslruclure developnlni tlteracy ratc. mncreaseIn por capita income such as roads, nmirkels.credil a ini_l 1;icilili
54 Indmgenouspeople improvement in socio-economk stalus oí Local/ tow/ posilive/ long-lerm/irreversible IWAM.O 8 M of 1 bD network ______tribats ______5 Communtty Health 55 Discases urban Reduced water related disenses due to Local/ lbw/ Posilivei lbng-ierrni reversible betier waler sijppiy _ SG D()osuar,srural Increased water horn discases in projecl low/medium negallvclaong lcrmlreversiblc Ensure rural watlr s[ipply arcas and sanitalion; noniloring al waler quatityy;
57 Orseascs- tiveslock Reduced diseases du o beter Local/ lowt posHtive/lbng-lermv irreversible nourishmenl -i Nolo 1) Scope Local. is within 1 km oa the proposed development activily, basin-wide is wilhin lhe basin ilseil. regional Is within Rajasthan 2> Martnitude liigh means >75%. medium Is belween 50-75%. bw is 25-50% and negligible Is less lhan 25% 3> Direclon Nel posilive, negative or neutral impacl 4* Duralion: lhng-term Is >1Oyears. mediunm-term Is 2-10 years. short - term Is <2 years 5> Reversibility: Reversible or Irreversibte (positive or negalive) Impact to lhe resourcc/populalion (wlthin a progectedtime - Iramo ol 15 yeafs) * 6) Planned projecdswould noI bo lmplemenled withrin25km ol ecolagically and otherwiso sensilive arcas (Sourrce Goel. 1992> *- 71Pa,naelltcs requirng monroringand denoted
SEA Final Report- Volume 3 Page 1.19 AprH 30. 2n00 L>EC[ND Distriel Head OuortCrs, Pond Soundories Stote, Dtsirkt. RIver eosF- Conol, Riner. Proposed Canal -- Scole 1: 1,000.000 Sonetuory, Cos*d Arco * * AtchoeoIoqical EÉcostions/HKtorIcal Sito, * Tourlmt Sutes.PelRgkous Ploces ITdbol Conrnunilty Maofr Coemond Arca: E.IstIng. Pfoposed lrIgatIon Project '9U" b" i Mjo)r *A A a Mediurn *o *o e Note Cemmond Ar*o for Proposed Prolects hai boen maOkQd based on th* given CCA In SWP 1998
I~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ieBoinojXf R.oto 
/ < /~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |~~~121We coBenacl
Source so 1.rc M Map L1. Basin Group 9 Development
SEA: Final Repor-t-Volume 3 Page L.20 Aprll 30, 2000 sCALEi 1.000 000
72Z
JALOR blSTRICT r ,
LUNI BASIN - I PALI DISTRICT
J SIROHI DISTRICT
_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ASIN! 4' 
72" 3
LEGEND
TORRtPSAENTS
TORRIPSAI4ENTS CALCOfTHtDSFALEORTHIDS C.MdBORTNIDSCALCIORTfDS MtLLSAND t1tLLOCKS STATEBOUNDAtY 
…DSTRtCTBOUNOARY 
_ASIN BOUt~DRY o DISTrtCTHEAD CU^RTER 
Map L2: Soil Types Key Map of Basin Group 9
Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Basin Group 9
SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page L.21 April 30, 2000 ; ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~SCAlE 1 I (leNIIW14 
!1l~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~72 7-3 
JALC*: )DiSrRICT j
`-LII EA_DfRIN H D SRGILIDISTRICT
;;~~~~~~l ASINg 
All, (dAMP ~ -
S;TAI F 1:101ttfitARY _ _ _ .A;Itl ROLfARY * e -
 r11ili ICT t FAD UIJtAs I ER O Rivt:R UNEAWNts -_____- - LEGEND
 t>"@enur .Y*NtO-Rveteilio R«nli miubvienl Mvu~ni Pelebis. y vel ttend. ali. cbnohd scelc -~ 
CmIxw_u T1 fiJFm O t uidrna n~ LOWe pjlviMi .r-(* l PosiDvi Mt4aniAn vob_c RbyP Mrues.granis. . I
 t>pçpetfp,ie-( iInmre1 aldi pluíomc mdSUlf;: 1I.'.,,| 
Enurlm Grtteses _ ad unutne E4mmp~r~waves g ~ ~ níoc Ambeji intns
Delhi Purh Baioc vodim. etna-tuff. quanj>lc,. e - cie & bh cheri
 n»iPhw tesmw-cha dobund.c nurb6e flh~IBIlmMI~gfmaes-- =
Ajb~&rh Cak-ecltfts. cak.~a amhi^. ma-ScIhMS. q~anziueswttlh aV ~!mcglamcs. 1 ~ d_= lAFTER G.S 1 AND C G W 8) mtuteles
Map L3: GeologicalKey Map of BasinGroup 9 
Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. Water ResourcesPlanning for BasinGroup 9 
SEA: FinaJReport - Volume3 Page L.22 April 30, 2000 | '__ 1 _ _F2 SCALE: 1,tlO,OO 1 1
..L R .ST_- .*.*: PALI DISTRICT
JA-DR DISTRICT-- SIROHI DISTRICT
E!? NALLAHAS ~JS4
X AGROCLIMATI ZONE
BAS B
_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ..
IRRIGATION DEMAND ZDNES
_ ~~~MAINRíVER COURSES 
 o DISTRíCTHEADQUARTERS 
Map L4: Agroclimatic Zones and rrigation Demand Zones in Basin Group 9
Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Basin Group 9
SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page L.23 April 30, 2000 10-20r,(bgl) Scole 1- 1.000,000
MapL5 GroundWater Depth(Pro Monsoon1998) of BasinGroup 9
Source Ground woterDeportment, Rojasthon Aprll 30, 2000 SEA: Flnal Reporf-Volume 3 Page L.24 LEGEND Rise/Decline(in rn)
1j~j] +5 to +7 Scole 1: 1.000.000 +3 to +5 ''p*,lO to +3 O to -3 1 -3to -5 -5 to -7 -7 to -10 VZ >- 10 
CroundWater RvsathoDeporíment, R SEA:Final Report-Volume 3YPago 1.25 Apríl 3 2
Ground~~~ Wae~Deotret R ARlerBainth Rpsha
SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Paoe L.25 April 30, 2000 LEGEND District Heod Ouarters. Pond (l) i EZ Boundorles
Stote. District. River Basin Scole 1 1,000,000
Coral, Riser, Proposed Canal -
Cotegory Stoge of Development S - Safe Less than 70%
SC - Semi Criticol 70 - 90%
 c - Crticol 90 - 100% {,,,, ,j~jJ OE - Over Explolted Greother thon 100%
/<'JAL R^38hsÓR 
River Oa sin of Rojpsthon
 mia Map L7 * Ground Water Exploltation wlthin Basln Group 9 Source Ground Woter Deportment. Roposthon
SEA: Final Report -Volume 3 Page 1.26 Aprll 30, 2000 72'
25 _ - 7 _ _. 25W SCALE:,1-r,0G,eEjL 
0 N / 8 X . ~~~~~~PttID"ICTRl 
24- ._. BOUNDARISC.. 4
STATE:DISTRICT - ~~~~BASIN eL KEYWELLS 220 WATERTABLECONTOURS 
1000 -SALINITY CONTOURS
MAIN RIVERCOURSES 
O DISTRICTHEADOUARTERS 
Map L8: GroundwaterLeveis and Salinities in Basin Group 9
Source: TAHAL& WAPCOS,1998. WaterResources Planning for BasinGroup 9 
SEA: Final Report- Volume3 PageL.27 April 30, 2000 2!~~~~~~~~~27 l~~~~~~~~~SAE4: 1: 0,s H I 
1 9 SIROHI . n4.LI'=} DISTRICT '~~~~~~ ~~~~~~SIROHIS DISTRIOR DISTUDRE Y _-LR |E 8; SIROHMDISTRIIT CT 24
(2!,- P O T E N T j/ ALZNS- O OETA OE
LEGEND
BOUNDARES:
2O, STATE:DISTRICT 24- BASIN (jr ~~ POTENTIALZONES AND NON-P1OTENTIALZONES ~~~~HILLS ANOHILLOCKS EXTREMEGROUNDWATER QVERD)RAFT GROUNDWATERUNFIT FOR DRINKING(em~cfdk PH~ED) HIGHGROUNDWATER SAL,NrTY ARTIFICIALRECHARGE POSSIBILMTES MAIN RIVERCOURSES o DISTRICTMEADQUARTERS 
Map L9: GroundwaterKey Mapof Basin Group 9
Source: TAHAL & WAPCOS, 1998. Water Resources Planning for Basin Group 9
SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Page L.28 April 30, 2000 LEGtND DIstr,1 HIi,d Ouorters, Pond Soundõrles :f Stote. Districl. RlIr 9osln ____
Pro¶ected Arco Scole 1: 1000.000
Closed Areo T11JD
Pionned Project MaJor Uedium
 trgeal Areu
Note - Protected & Closed Wreal ore not to ecote
139~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~K 
[iver Bo sins of Rsjstbon
Map Lio * Forest Areas & Protected areas relative to Planned ProJects in Basin Group 9
SEA: Final Report-Volume 3 Page L.29 April 30, 2000
SECTIONM 
IMPACTSOF GROUNDWATERMANAGEMENT 
*WYaõcd 00OZ'O£. udv £ awn;oA - lijoda leU!d:VBS 
S W ''''' ''' '''''''''1''' .'''' '' ''' '''''''''' '"')SWOM dn MOTOo Oa aN3OYW0:38 OS
SI...... S3DNVH3
IN3WBIdOM3A3G>±VMCINnlOMi o0: IN3WSSSV IVdU 3SItM-NISV9 0'P W...... A.!lenbjelemPunoJ$ Z -6£ SW .aqe. ijaleMpunoJD 1 6-£ SW .NISV9 5 dnOud 6 £ v . . . ÃV.IenbialeMpunoJE ZV98£
VINW------...... ------..... AqeenbjaleMpunoJENISV9 I1WVdV9V9 Z*8- 9'£
' W'...... lb JaleMpunoJg ;L £ . * NIS5VINnf L-£ . . .. '-lenb. . W jaleMPuno0Js Z 9*£ W . . alqe; Ja1eMpunoJg L-9-C Yf ...... *, ...... ------NlSV9 9 dllO89 9-£
--- ...... alqeijalempunojE 1-£- *------'------.NIS¥9.W*- 5 dflOS9 9- .. .APenbialeMpunoj Zt£ . - - -....-.... . alqeljaeempunoi!D L t W.*...... -NISV9. SVN9 t£ M ...... ----.--..... -Plenbm joleMpunoJE Z £ £ ZW ...... aiqelawmpunowg L£-£ .WNIS'i3 IHvv £ £ Z. . A!lenbjoleMpunoJ£ Z Z £ W' .Z. alqi jleMpunojE I Z£ ...' .. NISV93101sIn Z'£ z ...... Al!inbjale punc Z,L£ . --- .. - alqn jaqecMpunoJi L L-t ...... -----...... NISY91V5WVH3 Lt
LVI.* '''''''-''- '- ''---'''-- -lN3VdO1~A3O MLVMaNnOuD 20 SdlollYlS lN3aS3d O-E
VI.... SV9 VVJN07 
 sue;uoD jo glqel
IN3WBE9VNVIN 31VMaNno0iO d0 S.lVdWI W-NO1133S LUSTOF TAHLES
TABLEM1: IMPACTASSESSMENR MATRIX FOR CHAMBS.k ASIN GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT CHANGES...... M.6 TABLEM.2: IMPACTASSESSMENR MATRIX FOR THE OUTSIDEBASIN GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT...... CHANGES...... M.8 TABLEM.3: IMPACTASSESSMENRMATRIX FOR MAHI BASIN GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENTCHANGES ...... M.10 TABLEM.4: IMPACTASSESSMENR MATRIX FOR BANAS BASIN GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT CHANGES ..... M.12 TABLEM.5: IMPACTASSESSMENR MATRIX FOR BASIN GROUP 5 GROUNDWATERDEVELOPMENT CHANGES...... M.14 TABLEM.6: IMPACTASSESSMENR MATRKX FOR BASIN GROUP 6 GROUNDWATERDEVELOPMENT CHANGES...... M.16 TABLEM.7: IMPACTASSESSMENR MATRIX FOR LUNI BASIN GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT CHANGES ...... M.18 TABLEM.8: IMPACTASSESSMENR MATRKX FOR SABARMATn BASIN GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT CHANGES...... M20 TABLEM.9: IMPACTASSESSMENR MATRKX FOR BASIN GROUP 9 GROUNDWATERDEVELOPMENT CHANGES...... M. 
SEA:Final Report- Volume3 April 30, 2000 Page M. ii SECTION-M IMPACTSOF GROUNDWATERMANAGEMENT 
1.0 GENERAL
Groundwater is used for irigation and non-iffigation purposes, domestic. live stock, and industrialneeds in ali the rver basins of the state for nearly 80 % of state's population. The basin-wiseEMP preparationidentified the dire need to concentrateon a holistic approachto integratedmanagement of surface and groundwateraimed at environmentalsustainablity of the resources. Exploitaton and managementof elther one of the resourceswill impact on the sustainabilityof the other. A major issue that is common in ali the EMP basins is proper identificationof the presentstatus of groundwaterexploitation and management. Within this context.the reader is advisedto refer to the main SEA report ( Volume 2, Annex 4.12). It contains a complementary discussionon the gaps in data base and methodologyfor long term estimates of groundwaterpotential or the safe yield of the aquifer systems in various nver basins. This section was prepared to highlight the environmental impacts due to groundwaterdevelopment changes in the near future, most importantly in the areas outside the presentirigation command arcas.
2.0 DATA BASE
The data base reviewed dunng the sectoral EA and the EMP preparation activities was pooled from various sources, induding the updated estimates from the GWD in February 2000. The review essentiallyreflected the existing concemsand constraintsin evaluating environmental impacts of changes in groundwater development out side the command areas, where groundwaterplays a major role for meeting the domestic, some industrialand imgation demandsof the area inhabitants.
The existing data do not adequately represent the current status of exploitation and managementof the precious resource,considering the cumulative effects of the industrial, domesticand agriculturalinterventions in respectiveriver basins: and,the local and regional contaminationaspects of aquifersystems. 
The values and trends such as water table conditions, exploitation and contamínationleveis within the respective basins were adopted with best engineering judgement for the SEA study. Therefore,these values may not be appropriate for designing developmentworks ( both the RWRCP and plannedprojects) within and outsidethe respectivecommand areas.
3.0 PRESENTSTATUS OF GROUNDWATERDEVELOPMENT 
3.1 Chambal Basin
3.1.1 Groundwater table
The pre-monsoon1998 watertable in about20 percent of the basin area was within 5 m, and in 60 percent of the basin area within 10 m belowthe ground levei (bgl) (Map 95). Within the Chambal Command 1998 the pre-monsoon water table in about 105,000 ha was observed within 3 m bgl (Map B 5.1) These areas are waterlogged (upto 2 m WTD) or potentiallywaterlogged and prone to high soil salinity. A few areas have expenenceddecline in watertabledurng 1984-98 (Map B9) particularlyin Dholpur, Bundi and Jhalawardistricts. Grou.idwaterexploitation in the basin as a whole is in the safe categLry (Map B7), except Dholpur and Bundi in which the exploitation is in the semi-cntical to critical stages of development
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page M. 1 3.1.2 Groundwater quality
The ground water qualHtywithin the basin (1998) is generally suitable for irrigation except some isolated patches (Map B8 and B8.1). Area having ground water unfit for drinking covers some 26 percent of lhe basin (Map B9). On the basis of analysis of more than 500 ground water samples collected by ;,vVD (1998), in about 90% of area groundwater is suitable for imgation. The areaswith high EC mostliyoccur in scattered and isolated patches in Sultanpur and Etawa blocks of Kota district, and Keshoraipatan of Bundi district (Map B8.1).
The aquifers of Chambal basin generalíy exhibnl a progressive change in quaily of water after the on-set of monsoon. Both improvement and some deterioration in quality of groundwaterwere noticedduríng last five years. However,the water quality is well within the permissiblelimits for irrigation. High values of nitrate in certain areas were observedpossibly due to fertilizer use and other sourcesof agricultural pollution.
3.2 Outside Basin
3.2.1 Groundwater table
Groundwateris found both under water table and deep semi-confinedto confined conditions, in almost ali types of lithological units which form the aquifers in the Outside Basin. The depth to groundwater is highly variable, ranging from less than a meter to about 80m bgl. There are few pockets in which the groundwater is in excess of 120 m bgl (Map 5). The regional groundwaternlow is north-westward,westward, south-westwardand southward, ali ending in Pakistan except a narrow belt which heads towardsthe Runn of Kutch in the south. Water tables in the areas imgated by the major projects and particularty in the vicinity of canais, are much cioser to the surface.
Waterloaggingcondiions are a threat to the sustainabilityof irrigated agriculture in many parts of the outside basin: The average annual water table rise in the project areas are: IGNP, 0.2 to 1m; Gang CCA, 0.23 to 0.53m; Bhakra CCA, 0.29-0.98m;and, around Suratgarh 1.6m.
Ilt is significant to leam that while there has been a rise in water table in the irrigated CCA, in non-command areas, there is a continuous over exploitation occumng durnngthe past decade or so. During 1984-98, the rise in water table in the north was in the order of about 7m, while in the eastem parts of the outside basin there has been a decline in water table upto 1Dm. The overdraft of groundwaterdevelopment is observed in Jhunjhunudistricts and semi-critical to critical stages in several districts such as Barmer. Jodhpur, Nagaur, Sikar, Churu and Hanumangarti.
3.2.2. Groundwater quality
Salinity is a senous problem in Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Jodhpur and Nagaur distncts. Major part of lhe basin has ground water salinity between 2.0 and 8.0 dS/m. The concentration of fluonde in some areas of Barmer. Bikaner, Churu, Nagaur and Pali distnct is more than 1.5 ppm which is a hazard for dnnking water.
3.3 Mahi Basin
3.3.1 Groundwater table
The pre-monsoon (1998) water table in the basin was 5 to 20m (Map D5) bgl except in some areas of Mahi command where the water table was within 5 m bgl. In post-monsoon, 1998, watertable depthwas within 3m in about 48,000 ha and within 5m in 83,000 ha in Mahi SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 PageM. 2 command. The watertable in several areashad declined up to 7m durng the last 15 years (Map D6). ln the southem half of the basin up to 3m ríse in water levei was observed. In general, groundwaterdevelopment in the basin is within safe category except Chittorgarh, which is in semi-criticalstage. 
3.3.2 Groundwaterquality 
The EC ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 dS/m except some places which have higher values of EC (Map D8). ln 37 % area of the basin, the groundwateris unsuitabie for drinking (Map D9). Fluorjde problemis reportedin parts of Dungarpurand Udaipurdistncts 
3.4 Banas Basin
3.4.1 Groundwater table
The pre-monsoon1998 watertable in the basin was mostly 5 to 20 m bgl (Map ES). In about 3 percentof the area (142,000ha), mostly ín Ajmer district, the water table was within 5 m bgl (GWD, 1998). Changesin groundwaterdepth during 1954 - 1998 (Map ES) indicated watertabledecline in Jaipur, SawaiMadhopur, Bhiiwara and Chittorgarhdistricts. Jaipur is in the over exploitationstage of groundwaterdevelopment (Map E7).
3.4.2 Groundwater quality
The EC rangesfrom 0.5 to 1.5 (dS/m)except some places have EC 8-16 (Map E8 and EB.1). Groundwaterin 49 % area of the basin is assessed by PHED as generally unsuitablefor drinking (Map E9). Fluoride problem exists in north-centralpart of the basin, particularly Goner area in Jaipur district. Groundwaterquality assessmentin and around Sanganertown and Jaipur city is impactedby industrialpollution from 105 small scale, 25 medium scale and 5 large scale textile industries. The SPCB (1997) indicated that the groundwaterquality detenoratedtowards east, south east, and east of Sanganerarea . Out of 73 samples,the EC of 40% samples,was within 1 dSlm. Similarly groundwaterquality in industrialareas around Bhilwara and Udaipurmonitored during 1996-98showed higher than normal concentrations permissiblefor drinkingand even irigation purposes.
3.5 Grou`p5 Basin
3.5.1 Groundwatertable 
Groundwaterin Sabi basin usually occurs at fairiy shallow depths, rangingfrom a few meters to 20 m. The water table depth is greater than 20m below ground level in Shekhawatibasin (Map F5). The groundwateris phreatic in most of the area, althoughsemi-confined conditions occur within the alluvial aquifer. In Shekhawatibasin groundwater is available in aliuvium and consolidatedrock formation. Groundwatertables have been declining continuouslyin the past decade or so (Map F6). As well, the entire basin has been expenencingoverdraft or cntical conditionin groundwaterdevelopment (Map F7).
3.5.2 Groundwater quality
The qualdy of groundwateris good to brackishwith salinity varying from 0.75 to 2.5 dS/m (Map FBa,F8b and FB.1). Groundwaterin 70% of the basin is not suitable for dnnking (Map F9a and F9b).
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30. 2000 Page M. 3 3.6 Group 6 Basin
3.6.1 Groundwatertable
Groundwater mostly occurs in water table (phreatic) conditions in both unconsolidatedand hard rocks. The water table depth varies upto 30m bgl (Map G5). Dunng 1984 to 1998 there was a significant decline in water table almost in the entire BsasinGroup 6 (Map G6). As well, nearly ali the westem half of the basin has experiencedover exploitation andlor semi-critical to critical stages of development(Map G7).
3.6.2 Groundwater quality
The quality of groundwateris highly variable, rangingfrom 1 to 8 dS/m (Map G8a to G8c and G8.1). The eastem plains have mostly saline groundwater. Parbati basin has good quality groundwater. Groundwater is not suitable for drinking in about 55% area of Ruparail and Banganga basins, and in 15% area of Parbati Basin. ln patches of Gambhir basin, the groundwateris not ft for drinking (Map G9a to G9c).
3.7 Luni Basin
3.7.1 Groundwater table
Groundwater is found both under water table conditions as well as under semi-confined to conf7nedconditions, in most geological formations in the arca. The water table depth varies upto 20m bgl (Map H5). Groundwater depth during 1984 to 1998 (Map H6) indicates a general decline in water table in most part of the basin. Groundwaterin Jalore, Jodhpur and Nagaur is over exploited, while the exploitation levei in Pali, Rajasamand, Sirohi and Ajmer districts is in semi-critical stages (Map H7).
3.7.2 Groundwater quality
The quality of groundwateris highly vadable ranging from 1 to 25 dSIm (Map H8 and HB.1). The chionde content is varying from less than 100 to 8000 ppm. About 80% of groundwater used for irrigation in the Basin is saline. Groundwaterin 55% area is not suitable for drinking (Map H9). The BOD leveis (3.0-4.5 mgIl) in wells monitored by SPCB around Pali indicated leveis higher than permissible limits (2-3 mgI). ln case of DO, the leveIs (1-3 mg/l) were lower than the permissiblelimits (5-4 mg/1)for drinkingwater. 
3.8 Sabamiati Basin
3.8.1 Groundwater table
Groundwater is found under water table (phreatic) conditions in alluvium and in the consolidated rocks, semi-confined and confined conditions have been encountered. The aliuvial aquifer is limited. The water table depth is upto 1 Ombgl (Map K5). A general decline in water table was observed during 1984 and 1998 (Map K6). In general,the exploitation tas been within the safe limits (Map K7).
3.8.2 Groundwater quality
The quality of groundwateris good with salinity less than 1.0 dS/m (Map K8). Groundwater in some parts of the basiniis not suitable for drinking (Map K9).
SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page M. 4 3.9 Group 9 Basin
3.9.1 Groundwater table
The water table aquifer comprisesof hard rocks and aliuvium. Reported static water leveis within these basins durng pre-monsoon1998, were in the range of 10 to 20 m (Map L5). Changes in water tabie leveis during the period 1984 - 1998 indicate rise of water table in some portions in the Other Nailahs and decline in other areas of all the three basins (Map L6). Groundwater is over exploHed in Jalore distrct and in Sirohi the groundwater developmentis in semi-critical stage (Map L7).
3.9.2 Groundwater quality
GroundwaterqualHty (1998) within the basins is generally suitabie for irrgation except for some isolated patches(Map L8). Groundwaterin 60% area in West Banas, 79% area in Sukli and 71% area in Other Nallahsis reportedunsuitabie for drinkingby PHED (Map L9).
4.0 BASIN-WISEIMPACT ASSESSMENTFOR GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT CHANGES
Impact assessment for groundwater development changes was undertaken for the respectiveEMP basins,and presentedin Tables Mi to M 9. The assessmentwas basedon: • severa[ assumptionswith respectto the existing conditionsnamely, the safe, semi-critical to critical, and over exploitationstatus; * projectedgroundwater development changes; and, • inlterdependencyof groundwaterdevelopment and management on the corresponding changesin the surface water.
5.0 RECOMMENDEDFOLLOW UP WORK
Consideringthe existing gaps in data base and methodoiogyin establishingthe safe yield of lhe groundwater basins to attain an environmentally sustainable water resources management in Rajasthan,Ht is recommendedto undertake,through competentconsuítants, a full scale state-widedetailed study of groundwaterresource management to include: • a benterdefinition of the present status of its use and management,for all beneficial uses; . a thorough identification and evaluation of the dark, gray and white groundwater potential zones; • an identification of the recharge areas to assess the contamination leveis for the present and future scenariosof developmentof the resourcebase;, and • development of basin-wise integrated water resource utilization criteria for environmentaily sound and sustainable groundwater management, considering the quantity and quality dimensionsof the resource, and both demand-sideinterventions and conjunctivemanagement techniques. 
SEA: Final Report- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page M. 5 Shenlt do 2
Table MI1: Impact Assessment Matrla for Chambal Basln Groundwater Development Changes
Assumptions: BFIaselne Conditona: Scmi-cotical lo crilica calegofy ol developmenl in Rundi and Dlolpur disíricls. Groundwater drvelopmont changes tUpto 20151:(a) A ne1*edurhon mnnon-comrnand arca irrigalion developnmenlby aboul 15.20%and a nel incrc.ascim dorneslic industrial cemand by Ihe same amrnountOetails sketchy at this lime) (t I ntegrated surdaceand g,o,mdwaler management imptemented (cl tntiotcí.on ot sufiace irriqjlion fn non cninnian
S No. Environmental Potential Impacto Ratlng o# Impacets Mltlation m,eusures | Realdual Impaets paramolor zsty Some lncrease due lo conlunclive use hnnew ReglonaUmedlumIposil;ve/longterm /reversible ntnegraled g(oundwaler economle condition Ih areas 14 Irtigation Gçowih command, managerent and ol reduced crop produclion 15 Cropping lniensity Raduclio InInon-command teiormlrneversibleem /rdlum/n,aatIlon enlorcomenl 16 Croppinn Paltem Innroductionol hbghvalue crops Realona niediurnqwositive/longtermtreversible 20 Drah waler quanlity increase hndralfn tw Localtmedium/postiveflonq-temn/reversible 2 1 GW *oultor recharge Some Increase 22 GW deploltbn Redu~alonIn CCA RegtonaIImodutm/posêllveflong.termíreversibio Possbie Ihcrease In non
31 GW irigalon ualily Sorno Improvemenl. Renlonal/medium/posilivenong-Iernmreveribto 33 Point souwcopoMiulon Varlablo bonglime to realize impacts ol Loca~llowtnpatlvy.onQ term/lrreversible 34 Oilluse source poltuffon aauifer pollulion 'ocaUmedlum/ e atIve/tng terr/irreveralbie 35 Ferlilizer use Reduced use Regional/medlum/posilive/ iong-lerm/ reversible 36 Peslicidoeuse 37 Weed biloruso _ 4 Soclo-cuílural 44 Crop yíeld Sorm increase in yiold RegionaVhfgh/ pos5live/hong.term/ reversible lntegraicei groundwaler nianagamoni ond enlofcomonti
48 Qualilyrd lile Improvement ln socbo-economnyincrease hn RegionaUhbgh/ posilveo long-lefl/ reversible Mass awareness lileracy rale. Increase in per capita Income due to Resetilemenl and rehabiltlallon increased indusIfies b sanllalbon -___ In the ImpacIed 49 Gendef equity Improvement in the statusot women. Increase In Reglonal/ high/ posillvel hong-ltml/ reversibte oreas iiteracyVmore particrpalionIn tarmtingand _decislon makino _ 50 PeeOçepariklpation In ali alagesol groundwater managernenl Realon.U hb poslílve/ ona-lemVreversibte 53 NGO lIncraaed hnolvemeni R lorUt/ medlue/ neutraUtngIlemi rever~lble 54 Indiqanouspeope _ iMinlmil) impacl
Soe Nolo at Sheol 2
SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 PagoeM.0 April 30. 2000 Sheet 2 of 2
Table MI: Impact Ass,ssment Matrlx for Chambal Basin Groundwater bevelopment Changes
ASBumptlanB: Baaleine Conditions: Semi crilical lo crilical category ol developmenl ln Bundi and Obolpur districís. Groundwater development changes lUpto 20151:(a> A net reduction in non-cornmand area ltuigalhondevelopment by about 15.20% and a net Increase ln domstlc, industrial demnandby the sarne amounl (Delails skelchy ai this time) (bj lntegrated surface and groundwaler managemeni implemenled (e) lntroductiono surtfaceIlrgatlion hnnon-command areos.
5 No. Environmental Polential Impact| Ratina ot impaets Mlltgation measures Residual Impacta parameter 
57 Diseases. tlvesgtk Reduced diseasesdue to belter water suwply Reagonal Medium/ positive/ bona-bem reversible Note 1) Scope: Local: Is within 1 kim ol lhe proposed development actlvlty. basin-wWleIs wilhin lhe basin Itselt, regional is wilhin Rajaslhan 2) Magnitude: High means >75%. medlum is between 50-75%. bowIs 25-50% and negligible hslesa lhan 25% 3>Dlrecíion Nel positlve, negatlve or neutral lmpact 4> Durallon- long-tem is >10 years. medium -lerm h 2-10 year5 ishort- tenml <2 years 5) Reversibity: Revorsible or Irreversible (positive or negative) impacl lo lhe resource/popufalhn (wllhin a projecled limo -trame ot 15 years). 6> Impads oí groundwater development will be an hIlegral part ai corresponding changes hnsurface water development As such, Impacl assessment rela'ed to RWRCP and planned projects should be conskderedIntegral with groundwaler developmenl and management ** 7) Parametersrlg monitorlrg
SEA: Final Repor - Volumre3 Pago M7 Aprll 30. 2000 Sheel 1 od 2
 tablo M2: Impact Assessrment Mairlx for the Outs'de Bas5n Groundwaler Devetopment Changes
Assumplions: Etaseline Conditions: Overdratt calegory o0deveopmen: in Jhunihunu: semi-crilical lo crilical calegofy ol develoomenj h Barmer. Jodhpur.Nagaur. Sikar. Churu and llanumnangarhdistricis Gnrundwater development changes (Upto 2015): (a) A net reduclion in non-commandarea irrigalion developmentby aboul 15-20%and a nel incrense iri domeslic. Indujstrialdemand by the sa,moamouni 
S No. Envlronmental Potenticl Impacls Rating o( impacis Ml$tiation meatulas Residual Impacts parameter Iseopef magniludel directionl duratlonl for negotivo Impects andlo ar benefita revàrsibilityj sustain positive Impacts 1 Physlcal .__ 12 Drainage system Some Improvement. RetionaUmediumlpositiveolong-termvrevefsibte Negativo impact on Socio-ccnomic 13 Irnigafion Inlensíty Some Increasedue to con(unctiveuse ln new Reíional/mediumVpositiveAlongterm /reversiblo Integrated groundwater condillon ln amas of reduced crop 14 Irrigatlon Growth corrmand management and producilcn t5 CropplngIntensity Reduclion Jnnon-comqmand RegonalUmedluriNuogaiJltt~ongterm /reversible enlorcemeni 16 CroppinaPaltem Introductionol hkth value crops - tonaUmedium(DoSftive/onglerm/reversible 20 Drain watfr ruanlity Increase hn drain 1kow local/medlumpostliveltong-term/reversible 21 GNVaquifr recharge Some increase 22 GW deplelion Reductton ln CCA Regionatmedlumvpositive/ono-lernvreversite _ Possibloe ncrease tn non.commsnd ReolonaUmedlumttoaUvaflY#ong-tlermv reversible 23 GW labia Fati in WT in areas lith dmoesticdemend. Reroonalmediumvnemaaivatona-loerrrreversible 24 Conhnrtive u.e Some improvement RerilnaVmediumIdposltivenongt4ermvreversibIe 2 Chemical _ 27 Sur1acowater qualiiy NegligíbleIn ephenmeralstroams downstream _ 30 GVVdrink'ng quaity Possible Detorioration Regional/medium/nega&lOy Iong-termt reversible Public educalion, poltution prevention measures, trealment at source and enforcement In Industrial arceas
31 GW irrtgalion guahlY Someimptovemenl i command íRegionaUmediun/positliveflong-lerm'reversftíe 33 Poirl sourcepoitution Varíabielong-lime to reatiz Impactad LocatIlowi/e§tmlivelong temntrreverslbe 34 Ddjluse source pootulion aquifer pohlution rocaUmedtiunln/SghliUYtilg.termlirreversiblu 35 Fertilizer use Reduceduse in no_ command ReglonaUrnedlunmpos5ilvel long-lermv revefsible 36 Peslicide use 37 Weed kliler use _ i SocIo.~IurBt______44 Crop yretd Reduction in yield ReglonaUhigh/ negallYnelIong-lenn/ reverlibte Integrated groundwaler managemeni and entorcemeni
48 tualily ot lile ImprovementIn socbo-econromyincrease hn Regional/ hlgh/ positive/ long.tenril reversible Mas%*wareness: titeracyratoe increase In per capita Incomo due to Resettienmenland rehabilitatlon increascd indostric a sanitalion __ in lhe lmpactld 49 Gender equity Improvernen in the status ot women. Increase In RegionaUhgh/ positive/ tomg-termvreversible areas btoracy.moro panlkcipiatonln farming and _dclsbon matlrmo 50 Peotol prllcatiorl In eit slaget 01groundwater maanegemoni RegionaUhiqhl posttive/ ontg-1ermr/reverstbie 53 pa _ ncreasedtinvohnemont ReqioneUmediunv neutraU iona-te~il reversibte
See N3o at Sheel 2
SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 Pag M R Apfi7 30 2Xl Pago MSep 0.20 Sheel 2 ol 2
Table M2: Impact Assessment Matrlx for lhe Outside Basin Groundwater Oevelopment Changes
Assumplions: Baselíne Condiiions: Overdrah calegory oddeveiopmenl in Jhunjhunu: sernl-criticalto critical calegory df develgnient In Barmer, Jodhpur. Nagaur. Sikar, Churu and Hanumangarh dislritas Groundwator development changes (Upto 2015>: (a) A nel reduclion In non-command area irrigalion developmenl by aboul 15-20% and a nel Increase In domessic,Industrlal demand by the sarne amounl (Details sêelchy a#this lime) lb) Inlegraied surface and groundwaler managemenl implemented (c) Over 100% tncrease in Command Area rrigation with on-going projects of imporled water supply.
S.No. Envtronmental Poleníaia Inipacti Rating ol impacts Mitlgation measures Residual Impacs parameter (scapel magnitudeo direction/ duration! for negative hnpacts and lo or benefits - 1h losmpactsimpacta rEnvrfonrnentalsuenam c______u____n_posit_vo_pole 5 Community Hea_th 55 Disoases: urban Reduced waler related diseases due to Local/ bw Posilivel long-temrr reversible Improved heallh iaciliiíes increased water suppiy 56 Discases: rural Increased water born diseases in poor qualy Lowtmediumfneogaivyltong lerm/reversible Ensure rural water suppty and groundwater areas. sanitattonrimonlloring of water quality;
57 Diseases: ivestock Redued diseases due lb betlr watersuppy _Reqortal Medi poslvef fon-WemVrvrlie qualily; Noele 1>Scope: locai: is withln1 kmof lhe proposeddevelogmeril activily, ba%in-wide iawthlhn lhe baslnitself, regional Is YwthinRajasthan 2) Magnitude. High means>75%. medium Is between 50-75%, iow hs25-50% and negligle is lesa than 25% 3) Direction: Nel positive, negativa or neutral Impacd 41)Duratkoniong-temmIs >10years medium-termIs2-l0years short-term s<2years 5) Reversibility: Reversible or kreverslble (positive or negative) impacdlo lhe resourcelaopulalion (wIthin a prolected lime - freme d tS years). 6) Impacts ol groundwater deveiopmenl wili be an integral part dI correspondlng changes hn surface waler developmenf. As suct, ímpac~ asses5ment relafed to RWRCP and pianned projects should be considered Integral wilh groundwater deveiopmenl and management e 7) Parametersreqlrlng mrritoring
SEA: Final Repoil - Volume 3 Page W9 Aprt 30 200 Sheet 1 of 2
Table M3: Impact Assessment Matríx for Mahil Basin Groundwater Development Changes
Assumptions: Baseline Condillona: Semi-crilical category ol developmenl in Chittorgarh districts Groundwater development changes (Upto 2015>: (a) A nel teduction in non-command arca irrigation devetooment by about 15-20%and a nel ineroase in doreslic, industrial demand by the sarne arnounl (Delals slketchyai thhstime) (t) Integrated surface and groundwater managerenl implemenied (c) About ô0% Inereasehn Command Aveas.
S Na. Environmentdal Potential Impacts Rating of Impachs Mtilgation mcasures Residual Impacts parameler (scopel ma direcyionlbnitudet duralionl for negalive ImpacIs and lo or beneflis TIusreversiblttt auatainpositiva Impacts 1 Phyalcal 12 Drainage System Some imtprovement Re UionaUmedium/Jositivellong.tlerreversibie Negative impaci on Socio-economic 1 3 IrrniaioonIntensitv Somo increase duueo conjunclive use in new Reg~oalmedium/posiliveIong term /reversibbe lntegraled groundwater condiíion In areas of reduced crop 14 irrigation Growth command managemenl and oroduction 15 Cropping lntensity Redudion in non-conimand Regionailmedium/fmatfntIlong term lreversible enforcement 16 CRoppingPanem Introduction of Nigh value crop ReqonaUmediumLpositivetlongle nraeversibe_ 20 Drain water quantit Increase in draii, ow LocaltmediumIposrive/ong-tem*reversible 2 1 GW a uifr rechariE Soma hncrease 22 GW deptetion Reduction in CCA RegionaUmediumlpositiveflong-ternJreversible Possibia incease hnnon4_nmmnd ReaionaUmedIumPn.paUYaAonoetrmlrevedsibha 23 GvWtabhe Fel in WT in areas wlth domestic demand. Regionaimedium/imnapailong.term/rverbihkt 24 Coniunctive use Some improvementl RegionaVmedium/posi1lveAong-lerrureveribkle 2 Chamica> __ __ 27 Surface waler quality Negligible In ephemertl streams 
31 GW tniQOn quality Some tmprovemeni. RegionaUmedium/positiveAonaqterm/reversible 33 Point sourcepoiiution Vartabte long-tirmeto realize impeb od Loca~11w/nggbIyinl tmi rreversible 34 Dittuse sourco ~otution aguiter golution LocOUmedium/fnlgtla/Ln-temlinvar ble 35 Ferlilizer use Reduced use In non command RegionaVmediumlpositive> long-ternm reversible 36 Pesticide use 37 Weed kltier uso 4 Soclo- uttural______44 Crop yíeld Reduction In yleld in non command Regional high/ tgugatlolong-lenm/ reversibie tntegraled groundwater managemant and enforcement
48 Quality d lifb Improverent in socb-economy increase In Regional/ high/ posilivel Iong-terml reveibioe Mass awareness: lileracy rale, increase In per capita Income due t Reseltiemeni and rehabilitatton increased industries 8 sanilalion In the rnpadced 49 Gender equity Irnprovemrentin lh status of women. Increase hn RrglonaU high/ positive/ long-tenm/reversibia areas btíeracy.more participation In fanrlng and declsion matkinq 50 Peopte participalion ln sii slagas od roundwatermanagemeni ReaionaUhig/ positivel long.lermireversible 53 NGO increased involvemenf Regqonal/medlum/ neuiral btong.Ior reversb_ 54 lndio.nouspeople Some imoact _____
See Note ai Sheet 2
SEA: Final Reportl Votume 3 Page M 10 Apd 302 Sheet 2 ol 2
Table M3: Impaci Assessment Matrl* for Mahi Basln GroundfwaterDevelopment Changes
AssumptlionS: Basclina Conditions: Semi critical category ol developmenl in Chittorgarhdistrcks Groundwat*f developraeni thangos lUpto 20151; 
S No. Environmental Potential Impacts Rating of Impácts Milgation measurfs Residual lmp8cts parameter (scopel magnitude/ directionl durationl bornegative impacts and to or benents reversbiblityj *ustam po lttv@Impacta 5 Community Heahh __ 55 Diseases: urban Reduced waler relaled diseases rue to Local/ low/ Positivel long-term/ reversible Improved health lacililiies increased water supplv_ 56 Diseases: rural lncreased waler born diseases ín poor quality Lowlmedluml negatIve/long termtreversible Ensure rural waler sufpplyand groundvvalerarcas sanitalion: moniloring of water quaitiy: ^
57 iseases:iveslock Reduced diseases due to better water supDt RealonalMediuml positivel long-lerme reversibie _ Nole 1> Scope: Local: is within 1 km o¥ lhe proposed development ~clvlty. basin-wide hs within the basin ltsel. regional is wilhin Ralasthan 2) Magnitude: High means >75%. medium Is belween 50-75%. o0wIs 25-50%and negligible Is less than 25% 31 Direction: Nel posilive. negative or neutral Impadi 4) Duralion:long-lerm is >10yearfs medium -lerm ls 2-10yeara, short -lermh <2 years 5) Reversibiílty:Reversibte or irrevefsible (positivo or negative) Impactto thetesourcetuoutallon (within a projected time - frame of 15 yeara). 6) Impacdso# groundwaler developmen' will be an Integralpart of correspondingchanges hi sudacewater developmenl As such,Impad assessment re'aled lo RWRCPand planned projects should be considered Integral with groundwaler deveiopmentand manageement ** 7) Parameterarequkktn moritita, 
SEA Final Report - Volume 3 Page M 11 APrIl30.2000 ,heet 1 ol 2
Table M4: Impact Assesament Matrlx for Banas Basin Groundwaler Development Changes
Assumplions: Baseline Conditiona: Over exploilation calegory ut devetopmenl in Jaipur disiict. semi-crilical calegory of developmentChittorgarh, Bil ilA; ra and Aimer dislricts; groundwaler pollulion in lheoaras lmpacled by indusirial complexes. lhe hol spols being 8hitwara. Udaipur, Jaipur and Ajmer Groundwater development changes (Upto 2015>:(a) A nel reduction in non-command area irrigalion developmentby aboul 15.20% and a nel increase in domeslic, Industrial demend by lhe sarne amounl (Delails sketchy ai lhis lime) (b) Integrabedsurface and groundwaler management implemented (c) About 35% Increase in CommandAreas. 
S.No. Envirormental Potentia impacto Rating of impacta Mitígation mes*ur*s Residual Impacta paramelar (acapei magnitude/ directioni durtoni forf negativo Impaet and 1o or beneflis I______i reversibility) sustainpoittiv impacta 1 Physaical______12 Drainape syslem Sorne improvemenl RegionalImedium/positivefionto-erm/reversibte ___ Negative impacl on Socio-economic 1 3 Irrigalion Iniensity Some increase due lo conjunetive use ln new RegionalimediurnIposltiveflonglerm freversible integrated groundwaler condilion tn areas of reduced crop 14 Inbalion Growlh command managemenl and produdion 15 Croppinttgntenslty Redudion in non-command Reaional/mediummtjutltona lerm /reversible entorcoment la Cropping Pallem Iníroduction ot hiqh velue crops Rlegionatnediurs/poslivoeloN lerm/reversibíe 20 Drain waler quantity incease in drain fow_ Local/mediumtpositive/tong-termireversibie 21 GW aquiler recharjt Some inuease 22 GW depletlion Reduction in CCA Regional/mediumiposiltveltng.termv reversibbe Possible increase in non-command Regonatimediumi Ititonglermt reversible 23 GWlabbe Fanin VWTn areas with domesle demand. Reqlonai/mediuminMgjon-Iemreversíbie 24 Coniunclive use Some ifmprovemeni Regionsume diurmpostlvefong-termraeversbte 2 Chamical _ 27 Surfacewater quaiity Negligible in ephemeral mtreams downslream 30 GW drinking quallty Possible Delerioralion Regional/ nediummnegatlLvaiong.term/ reversible Publie educalion, poilution prevention measures, treatmenl at source and enforcemenl In Industrial areas
.31 GW irriqabon quality Some improvemeni. ReionaiUrediumvposilivello .-lermnreversibie 33 Poini source pollution Varabie long.lims lo realize Impacts of Locainow timlaiong termiirreversible 34 Ditfuse source poilulion aquiler pollulion local/mediumtt »a liona-terirreversible 35 Fertilizer use Reduced use in non-command Regionaülmediumvpositive/ iong-termvreversabie 36 Peslcide use 37 Weed kiler use 4 Soceo-euItural __ _ 44 Crop yield Reduction in yield ln non-command Regbonailhigh/ nga iong-lemlt reversibie Integraled gmoundwaler management and enforcement
48 Ouallty ao life improvemon tn socio-economr Inereasein RegioneVhigh/ positive/ bong-bemireversibie Mass ewareness: literacy rale. increase ln per capita Income dueo tchablilatlon Resettement and hcreased industries a sanation ___ t he Impacted 49 Gender equity Improvement In lhe status01 women. incrcese ln Regionail high/ posNtive/iong-iemt reversibe amras literacy. more partcipalion In farmSngand decision makinn 50 Peopie parnticpalion In ali stamesol croundwetOf mnantemeni Rpoional/ hbht ositive/ iaog-1erm/reversible 53 NGO Increased Ivolvemenl ReqionaVemodiumt neutraV bonr-lemi reveraib __
Soe Nole ai Sheet 2
SEA Final Report -volume 3 Page M 12 Aprit 30 2000 Sheet 2 of 2
Tabie M4: Impact Assessment Matrix for Banas Basin Groundwater Development Changes
Assumpplons: Raseline Conditions: Over expioítation category ol development in Jaipur district; semi-critical category ol developmentChittorgarh, Ethltwara and Ajmer distrits: groundwater pollution in the areas lmpaced by industrial competxes. lhe hot spots being Bhitwara. Udaipur, Jaipur and Ajmer. Groundwater development changes (Upto 2015): (a) A nel reduction in non-command area irrigation development by aboul 15-20%ond a nel increase in domestlc. Industrial demand by lhe same amount (Details skluchy at Ihis lime) (b) Integraled surface and groundwater managemeni Implemenied(c) About 35% Increase In Command Areas.
S.Nto. Environrnentat Potenttil impacto Rating Od impacts Mltigation meawuros Residual tmpacta parameter Iacopel magnitude/ directlont durationt for negativo Impacta etnd to or benefits reversibililt *ustain poaltive Impacta 5 Communitv Heal1h 55 Diseases urban Reduced water related diseases due to LocaV lowt Positiva/ tong-terml reversible tmproved health tacilities increased water supply se Diseases rural tncreased water born diseases In poor quatity Lowimedium/ negam ong termvreversible Ensure rural water suppty and groundwaler areas. sanitatbn; moniloring of waler quality; "
57 Discases: livestoctt Reduced diseases due lo better water sut,ol- RegionaVMedium/ positivel tone-emiI reversibie Note: 1) Scope: locat: is within 1 km of the proposeddevelopment activity. basin-wide Is wllhin lhe basin ilseli. regional is within Raiasthan 2) Magnitude: High means >75%. medium Is between 50-75%,bow ih 25-50% and negltiebteis hesslhan 25% 3>Direction: Net positive, negative or neutral impacd 41 Duration: long-term b >10 years, medium -lerm Is 2-10 years. short - lerm is <2 years 5) Reversib4tity:Reversibio o rkreversibte (positive or negative) Impacdto lhe resource/population(within a pro>ecledtime - Irame od 15 yeara>. 6) Impacts ol groundwaler devetopmenlwill be an integral part odcorresponding changes in surffce waler development. As such, imnpacassessment related lo RWRCP and planned prolects shouid be considered Integral wilh groundwater devebopmenland management *7 7>Parameterm requiring monltotlng 
SEA Final Repori - Volume 3 Page M 13 AprH 30t 200i Sheel 1 ol 2
Table M5: Impact Assessment Matrix for Basin Group 5 (Shekhawatl and Sabi) Groundwater Development Changes
Assumption:s * aselins Conditions: Over exploilation calegory of developmenl in Jaipur & Jhunjhunu districisbseml-crilical lo critical calegory of developmenl ir Slkar and A~wardisircfs. Groundwaler deveiopm.nl changes (Uplo 2015): (a) A nel reduclion In non-command aroa lrriqalion developmenl by about 15.20% and a net lncreose ht domeslk, kidustrial demand by tlh sane emounl (Delalis skelchy at this lime) (b' Integrated surlace and groundwaite managoemenImplemented (cl Aboul 40% Increase in Commend Arcas.
S.No. Environmentail Potential Impacta Reatna dí Impacte | lflga lon measures Residual impacta parameler 
31 GW irrklalbn quaihly Some knprovmenl. RegartavmedumtPosiltvebnog-lermteversbb 33 Poinl source poiutlon Vertabie bonglUmeloie2ffze impacts of L'ocaiowlngraly leonoerm vrrovoIbte 34 Difluse source ooluthon aquitro poelution LomaUmedlum/nmnatlrtbnta-lem~freversibie 35 Ferilirer use Reduced usa In non command ReginaUmedilumt posifivel longlemv reversible 3S Peslicide use 37 Weed killer use _ 4 socl"-uiturai 44 Cmi yielid Reductdo in yleld in non-~ommond RegkoneUhght na u bnorg-lermr/revereible Inlegraled groundwater managemeni and enforceneni
4S Ouality ol lilo Improve~ent in aocle~conomy Increase h ReglonaUhlght posil've/ bong.bmt reversble Mas* ewarenesa: literacy rale. Increase in per caplia Income duoeo Resetterneni and rehablltatlon increased induslres& sanlit1lon ___ In lheImpaoded 49 Gender equity Improvmeni Iinlhe slalus ol women, increase ln Regtonal highl posllive/ long-lernn reversibl eareas lileracy. more parlícpatlon irnfarmlng and declslon rfakin _ 50 Peoobietaricipalton ln eN gt mana ent ReionalU hiah1posithel/ k>na.ierreversibio 53 NGÒ Increaser inrvolvemnti RetglxaV mediumtneuiral! iona-lenmnreveorsbe 
See Nole ai Sheel 2
SEA: Final Report - Volume3 PageM14 Ap3l30 200 Sheel 2 of 2
Table MS: Impact Assessment Matrlx for Basin Group 3 (Shekhawall and Sabi> Groundwaler Developtnent Changes
Assunipílona: in Sikar and Alwar districts. * Baselino Condltiono: Over exploitation calegory ol developmenl ln Jaipur & Jhunjhunu dislricis; semi-critical lo critical category of development Industrial demand by the Groundwater develcpment changes 
57 Diseases:livepock Reduceddiseases due to betterwater suppty Reaional Mediuml positive/ tonglemil reveruibie Note 1) Scope:Local: is within 1 km od the proposed developmentactivihy. basin.wide is wilhin the basin itsei., regional is witlhinRaiaslhan 2) Magnitude: High means >75%. medium is belween 50-75%, bowIs 25-50% and neglgibleis tess than 25% 3) Direction: Net posilive, negative or neutral Impact 4) Duration: long-lerm is >10 years, medium -term Is 2.10 years. short temml is <2 years 15 years). 5) Reversibility: Reversibleor Irreversible (positive or negative) Impact lo lhe resourcelpopulalion (wilhin a pro)ected lime - frame of impacl as5e5smenl reitaed to RWRCP and planned projects 6) Impacts ad groundwaler development will be an Integral part af corfesponding changes in surface water development. As such, shouldbe considered integralwith groundwater devebapmentand management *- 7) Paramolerirequirng monltoring
April 30. 2000 SEA Final Report - Voume 3 Page M 15 Sheel 1 of 2
Tabbi MO: Impact Aseesement Matrix for Basin Group O (Ruparali, Banganga, Oambhir and Parbati) Groundwater Development Changen
Assumptlons: Sliseline Conditions: Over exptolaaln calegory oi developrmnt hnJalpur dbstricltsemicritkal eo criHcal calegory ol devebpment ln AIwr and Deusa distwib. Groundwat.r d velopment changes jUpto 2015): (a) A nel redudion In non-command ares krigallon development by about 15-20%and a nel increase in domestc, lndusrtal demand by the same amouni (Detalis skelchy ai lhis lime) Inlegraled surface ind groundwaler management mipliemented (c) Aboul 100%Increase hi Commandama wiih nportledwater. 
S No. Envlronmntal | Potentbal impacta Ratina 01 Impact Mlitlgation mearu Residual Impacta paramoter (acopel magnitude! directlorU duralion ifor negative Impacta and te or bnerefit 1 1 _ - revealbliltvi suataih posklv Im _ 1 Phyek81 ______12 Drainaie syslto Som lmovenln. RqionaUmediumvposltIvooniemtrevorslble Negativo lmpact on Socrio-conomic 13 I..rgathonInlensity Somnelncrease due to conjunclive use in new Reoglonal/medlumlposiltivelongerm /reversible integrated groundwater condltion ln areas f educed crop 14 In igatlon Growth command managemonl and production 15 Croppins inensjy Reduction in nonwrnmand Regkna/mediumnanaiza~ torm trevblo enfomoment 16 Cropw PFeem IntroducUonoa hbh value crop BeqgonatUmedium~postiivebna termrovorseiule 20 Drah waler auanHlt increase hudraln Hw Localtmodiunpostiveo/ng-temVreverrsble 21 GW aqulferrecharge Sorne Icrease 22 GW depielion Redudion In CCA RegionaUmodlum/posltlveoag-ienm reversibe Possibo rcease hnnonmcamannd RegionaVnedium^nnaaa fla-terml revorsibe 23 GW labbe Fan hi WT Ih ireis wtih domestJcdearnd. ReaionaUmodluJmaaatelvana-terevorsibva 24 Conlunctlve use _ ncrease RenaonaUmediunilposiivon-ter-mraversible 2 Chemical 27 Surface water qua11y NegIgibgo hnephemerei alreama downstream 30 GW drinking quaNty Possib-e Deoeortaraan RegionaUmedlum/nmo Ing-lem/ reversibbe Pubiic educetion. poflution prevenHtonmeasures. treatrenl al source and onbrcemenl l industrial areas
31 W rraltn ualily _m Sma emen. RfeinVmedumVpove/lno-leIreverslbIe 33 Pohl sõurce pollulion Variabie bng-limoe mreaizoe iacts ol Loca telom/rrevorslble 34 Dilfuse bource põlution aquier pollution LorCUrmed~om!atovle mIIrrevereM 35 Ferilllzer use Reduced use Reogonalmediunmposltivo kang-lerr/ reversble 36 Pestkide use 37 Weed kllleru,e 4 SocIo-cultural 44 Crop yield Reductlonh ytetd h non-commend RegionaVhtgW bagati Ueng-lemet reversibbe Intgraled groundwaler management end enforcemen
48 Ouaity oi tfoe mprovement in socio-economy crease hn Regional! hlghl postllve/ ong-lem! reveomble Mase ewareness: lileracy rale, Increase ln per capita lucorna due e Reseliornent and rehabnllatlon kcreasedIndustries & sanltatlon inthe hmpaded 49 Gender equlty Improvmernt ln lhe status of women, Increase hn RegionaVhlhl posllvel long1eorrnreveoruie *reoas lleracy. moro parlfcipaton In iermlng and
50 PeoIo Orskpfllon In ali smakhs Qiproundwalar RenaonaYhkIhi DosHivetWngl~errove
Seo Nolo at Sheel 2
SEA: Final Repor -Volume 3 Pege M 18 Apfn 30 2000
X~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Pgí 4ri3,20 Sheet 2 o 2
Tabio MB: Impact Assessment Matrxrífor 9asin Group e (Ruparali, fanganga, Gambhlr and Parbatl) Groundwater Developrment Changes
Assumptiona: Ebasatne Conditlone Over explolfafion category ol de.elopment in Jaipur distrcl; semcriticaIlto critial calcegoryOa devetopmnen hn Atwar 8nd Dusa distrcl. Groundwater development changes lUpto 2015): la) A nel reduction In non-cormnandarea Irrigatlbn developnmenlby about 15-20%and a nel ircrease hndom.stk. hdustrial demand by lhe same amount (Details sketchy at this lime) (b) Inlegraled surface and groundwaler managemenl implementedIc Abo"1 100% increase In Cormtrnandarea wllh imported water.
S No. Envlronm,ntal fotenUal Impact Rating of Impacts Mltlgatlon measuraS Residual Impacts parameter (scope/ magnitude/ directionI durationi for negativo Impacts and to or beneftts _ _ _ r versibility) su_aminposltive Impact _ 5 Communliy Health 55 Diseases: urban Reduced water related diseases due lo Local tow/ Posetivellong-Iemi reversible Improved heatth facilities _ s reasedw walet SUp-_ 56 Diseases: rural Increased waler born diseases In poor quality Low/ediumi nega"lyelong termireversible Ensure rural *ater rupply and groundwater arcas. sanllallon; monitoring adwaler qualily;
57 Diseases: lvesloch Reduceddiseases due lo better water supplv RegqinaUMediuml positivel tona-terml reversibiu Note: 1) Scope: Local: Is wlthin 1 km onfthe proposed developmen actlvlty, basin-wide ks w#ihinthe bashnkseNt regional is wllhin Rajasthan 2) Magnilude: High means >75%. medium Is belween 50-75%. low Is 25-50% and negligibbeis lesa lhan 25% 3) DOrecton:Nel posilive. neg,taiveor neulrel impelt 4) Duration: long-lermns >1O years. rmedium-term hs 2-10 years. short - term is <2 yeais 5) Reverslbility: Reversibleor Irreversible (positive or ~O9atlve)Impact lo lhe resourcelpoputalion(wlthih a projecíed lime -frme rd 15 years). 8) Impacs o/ groundwalerdeve-opment wifl be an inlegral part ot correspondlng changeshn urface waler devebpment. As uch. lmped assessmenl related to RWRCP and planned profects should be considered Integral wHihgroundwaler developmenl and managemenl o* 7) ParsctIers re, mrnoitorlng
SEA: Final Report - Vokiurn3 Page M17 April 30. 2000 Sheei 1 of 2
Table M7: Impact Asseasment Matrlx for Lun fl asin Groundwater Development Changes
Assumptions: * stelineConditiona: Over expioitalaon ándlor semi-critical lo criticalcalegory ol developmentfn lhe entirebasin Waterlable 8-30 m bgl. Groundtwaerdeve(opment changos (Upto 2015): (a) A nel reductionin non-cmmandares inigabion development by aboul15-20% and a netlncrenae In domesfc,industrial dem8nd by the sarneemount 
S No. Envlronm.ntal PotenflalImpacts Ratingoi Impacta Mfiaetitonmeasures ResidualImpacts paraeater (scopatmagnltudet direcílonl duralford for negativaImpacbt and to or benetits _.No. Envlronmental iraveribiblity> *ustaln positivo Impacta 1 Phwaleal______12 Drainagl sysbem Some improvement. Regonaiimedluwposltve/bna.ienmrvrsíwa ____ Negativo Impadcon Sock economic 13 Inicgaionlnfensity SomeIncrease due to conlunctiveuse In new RegionalInudiumpositive4angterm hreversibbe Inleoaed raundwater conditionin arcas of reducedcrop 14 lrTinationGrowth command. managementand Produdlon 15 CroppinaInbensNv Reductionhn non-comrrnd R~e 81nemedfun Ma~/laong termIreversibe entorcerent 16 CroppingPatlem Introductlonod hbh veluatYOPS Reqonal/medium/silivellon termvreveraible 20 Orah walerquantity Inerreaseht drain 80w [ocatIIedium/poslivelong-termreversibfe 21 GW aquiter teciarpe Some Increase ______22 GWdepleiorn Reduclionin CCA RegionaUrmedurnposHlive/long.lermtreversibIe Possibtekicrease In non-comrnand RegionaIImediuVfnfigJam/loni-termtravevssili 23 GWbblae Fa'1h WThn areas vdth dorLc demand Reqi naUmedium/nmegira/=long-lemni/reversbfe 24 Coniunctive uso Some Improvement, pionalimedlumloositveRlona-Iemitreversibie 2 Chamiecal 27 Surfacewaler quality NegligibleIn ephemerl atreams downsfreaam______30 GWdrfnking quality PossibleDeter$ra"o Regionalmédium/naaivm/ bng-temv rev*rtibie Publtteducetn, politor~ pre'vantiorimeasures, trealmenta? source and entoremeneIn tndustrialareas 31 GW iratiaionguaUtv Some RmorovemenlRegdnal/medfunvposHiveflono-trrntreversib"e 33 Po"t ourcePoliutbn Vaerabielong-lime lo realize nmactad01 Local/~w/inggalyitiongtemirreverale 34 Oiftusesoume oitulforn aqutefrpollution LocamedfumnIanadval~an.termArreversoibl 35 Fertilizeruse Reduceduse in nan-command Regionia/mediumJposithvet long.lernm reversible 36 Peslicideuse 37 Weed Utler usea - 4 Soclo,culturál_____ 44 CropYcifd Reductionin yleld hn non~mmand RegionaUhigh/ nagu lang.lerm/reversible Integratedgroundwater mnanagermntand entorcemenf 48 Qualiy ot liie Improverenlin socioeoonomyIncrease In Regional/hfght positivea ofqg-emV reversibe Massawareness: lileracyrale, Increase hn per capíta incorni due lo Resetttementand rehablitation Increased_n_t_t_ hnduslrles& _n -hi _ the lmpacted 49 Genderequiry Imrovemenhti lhe statusd women,increase In Regionaithigh/ posHltvel fang-l0~ eversH*e aeas lIHeracy,more partlpatlon In fanninSiend dedision maiking 50 PIen padk4>alion fnali stagaes o# proundwater mana8menril RegioneUhigtl positive/ laniUrelbfe 53 NGO Increasedrwolvement Reqional/mediumt neutraUl ~lem~ reversibla
See Noleai Sheel2 
SEA Fina Report- Volutn 3 PageM 18 Aprll30, 2000
Paga Mli~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Sheet 2 of 2
Table M7: Impact Assessment Matrix for Luni Basin Groundwater Development Changes
Assumptions: iBaseline Conditions: Over exploitation andtor semi-critical to crilicaf calegory of developmenl in lhe entire basin. Water lable 8-30 m bgl. Groundwater development changes (Upto 2015>:(a) A nel reduction in non-command area irrigalion developmentby about 15-20% and a nel Increase ln domestic. Industrial demand by lhe same amount (Detaiussketchy al this lime) (b) lntegrated surface and groundwater managemenl Implemented(c) Increase in surface water lrrigatbonby about 84.000 ha.
S.to. En1ironmental Polential Impacts Rating ot Impacts Mitlqatlon measures Residual Impacts parameter (scopel magnitudel direction/ durationl lor ncgatiUa Impacts and to or beneflts 1 1 reversibility) sustain posiltive impacts 5 Communitv Heahih 55 Diseases: urt in Reduced water relaled diseases due to LocaUtow/ Posiíivel iong-termlreversibie Improved healthlacilities increased water suppty 56 Diseases: rural Increased water born diseases in poor quality Lowlmedíumntnegative/long termireversible Ensure rural water supply and groundwater areas. sanitatlon: rnonitoring oí water
57 D`iseases i-vestoci jReduced diseases due lo better waler suppty Regronal!Mediumv posiNtve/ long-lerml revernibie Note: 1> Scope: Local: Is within 1 kmof the proposeddeveiopmeni actlvity, basin-wide is within lhe basin ltsetlf regional is within Ralasthan 2> Magnitude: High means >75%. medium is between 50-75%, bow Is 25-50% and negligible Is less Ihan 25% 3> Direction: Nel posilive. negalive or neutral Impad 4)Duration: ong-termIs '10 years. medium -term Is 2.10 yeart short - lermis <2 years 5> Reversibility: Reversibleor Irreversible (positive or negative) impacdlo lhe resourcelpopulation. RWRCP and planned pro-ecds 6> Impacts ot groundwater developmenl wilt be an Integral part ot corresponding changes hi surface water development. As such, 'mpadcassessment related lo should be considered Integral with groundwater devebpmenl and managemeni *- 7) Parameters*equkrlng monitorfg 
SEA Final Report - VOlume3 Page M 19 April 30. 2000 Sheel 1 of 2
Table Me: Impact Assesament Matrix for Sabarmatl Basin Groundwater Development Changes
Assumplions: Etatsline Condítions: Safe GW conditions (explitation et tesa thmn30%) walertable wiKhn10 m bgl rC -jndwaíer devaloprent changos 
S.No. Environmentml PotentmieImpactc Rating of Impach M|iígalgtornmesaure Residual Impacte paramtebr | (
31 GW IrOgalionquafity Some vRmentLw leaonaVtinedhna!oosilive~te~frevers~ble 33 Poini source Pulon Valabie ong-tlimelo realize Impacts of 1.ocSIiot vi bratemreversfbme 34 Difluse pource,polutio~ quilrerDoulIon LocaUmo íumlml_-lonnirrevarmlble 35 Fertilizer use Reduceduse RegionaUmediumvposillvet long-tenmnrversibh 38 Pestidda usa 37 Weed kWferuse 4 Soclco-cultural______44 Crep Ylud Srnomemocresse h0 yieid Reghonavhigh/ posHtive/oig-ler reversibte Inmgraed groundwater managmene and enforcemn~
48 Ouality ol iile Improvement In socio-economy hncreaseh Regional! hight positive/ long-t~erl reversUble Masi awarenes: Iiteracy rale. increase hnper capita hcorne due lo Resetlemerit and rehabililatlon _noreased industries& aanllalion In lhe lmpated 49 Gender equily ImpnovementIn lhe status of wornen. lnc,ease h0 RegioitaI higth positive! ilerl reversbe areMas lileracy, more pauticpalbonin tarming and decisbonmakLng Si i'eope particidatiof In al slages o! grounrwdaermanao eet Regional! hioh/ positive/ bonaolennkreversibie 53 ______uinoreasednvoivmern Reo onalUmedium neutral! ong-lerm/rmversibia 54 lndigenouspeod MaiorImpect Reqbnav medium! Posilive!lonp-lem/reversib _ _ _
See Nole aí Sheel 2
SEA: Final Report - Volume 3 M 20 April 31 2000 Sheel 2 ol 2
Table MO: Impact Assessment Matrix for Sabarmati Basin Groundwater Development Changes
Assumptions: BasclinoCondiltions: Safe GW conditions (exploiiation at less Ihan 30%) walertabie withn 10 m bgi Groundwaterdevelopment changes(Upto 2015: (a) A nei reduction /n non-command area irrigafion developmentby aboul 15-20% and a nei increase in domestic industrial demand by lhe same amount (Delails sketchy aI this irme) (b) Integrated surface and groundwater management impiemenied (c) Increase In surface waler Irrigalion by about 24.0o0 ha (200 Mm')
S No. Environmental Potential Impacts Rating of Impac1s Mitigation measures Residual impacts parameter Escopei magnitude/ direcliont d"iration/ for negative impacts and to or benetits reversiblHiy) suslain pasilve Impacts 5 Community Health 55 Diseases: urban Reduced waler relaled diseases due lo Locaü lowl Positive/ long-lerm/ reversible Improved health facilities increased water suply I 56 Diseases. rural Increased water bom diseases in poor quality lowtmedium/ negativeuong termrreversible Ensure rural water supply and groundwater areas saniqation;moni^^ ring oi water 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~qualiiy; 57 Diseases livesiock Reduced diseases due to betier waler supply RegionaliMedium/ posilive/ ang-lermoreversibie Note- 1) Scope: Local: Is within 1 km oa lhe Droposeddevelopmenl aciivlhy, basin-wide is within lhe basin ltself. regional is wilhin Rajasihan 2) Magnilude: High means >75%. medium is befween 50-75%. iow is 25-50% and negflgible ia less lhan25% 3) Direction. Nel posilive, negalive or neutral Impad 4) Duration: long.lemmIs >10 years medium -lerm is 2-10 years. shori - lemmls <2 years 5) Reversibility: Reversible or Irreversibie 
April 30. 2000 SEA f inal Report -Vodurn 3 Page M 21 Shect 1 of 2
Tabb M9: Impact Asseasment Matrlx for Basin Group 9 (West banas, Sukll and Other NalIas) Groundwater Development Changos
Assumptions: Basellne Conditiona: Over expioitalkon andlor semi-criltal lo critkealcategory of developmentin the entire basin. Water lable > 10-20 m bgl Groundwalr development changes 
 t Nao Envlronmental Potentl5i impacta Rating ai Impactl Mltigation messure, Residual Impacta parameter $.No. Envi Impact*~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~lpatIscopel magnitude/ drtctlon/ duraNlon/ for negativa lmp:ctat and ta or benefit I _ _ _ _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~rventibilltv}*ust ln positivo Impwct 1 Phyvlcal 12 Drainave system Some lmprovement. ReglonalImodiuni/Positive4ona-termVrevrslble _ _ _Negative lmpadon Soc"economic 1 3 InbiqaiionIntensity Some mnereasedue lo conjunetive use ln new ReglonatlmediunVposiltvefongtemm treversibIe Integrated groundwator condition ln areas of reduced crop 14 Irrinalion Growth command. managermenland production 15 Cropping Intenity Reductlon In norn-cornand RegionaUmedium geattiono tenm/reverulbb enforcemant 16 Cropping Patlem 'ntrodtudion od hihh v*tuec~ps ReOionaUlmdlum/positive4onoleirmJreversible 20 Drain walar quantyv Increase ln drain flow locaUmedlum/postiveflng-termkeversibte 2 1 GW *quiter recharae ncrcase ln CCA 22 GW depletion Reduction In CCA ReglonaUmedlumfpositive/ong-temtJreversible Poussbiekcraase hn non-coniand Regionalmedlum/hutulbn 4-taryl reveruible 23 GW Iable Riso ln WT ln CCA RegionaUmediunnaUy t emvreverslble 24 ConhunclIveuse Some _mprovement ReqbnalimnsNummvusltiveflnon narrevesible 2 Chemical . 27 Surface waler quality Reduction ln ephemeral streems downstream _ 30 GW drinking quality Possíbteimprovement ln CCA RegionaUmedlum/posdtve lbng-lerm/ reversNble Pubi edusation. pollutlbn prevention measures, trealment at soutrceand entorcement ln hndustrialareas 
3 1 GW lriqatbn quaNlv Soare improvement. Reglonalmedlum/posltle/bnolerm/mversible 33 Poinl sourca poNutlbn Variable long-tima to realize Impactb o L Iawwmatlon term/lrrversible 34 Diflusa source pollution aqulier potlution Local/medium Ika/b teml4rreveruible 35 Fertifizer use Reduced use Reglon8Unmediun/positlve/ bng-temiJ reversibl 36 Pesticide use 37 Weed kilter use 4 SoCIo-cultural 44 Crop yletd Some Increse hlnybkt Regqonathgh/ positivel long-temV reversible Integrated groundwater manngement and eniorcemnl
48 Quality ot lite Improvemenl In socb-economy IncreasseIn RegionaUhbgh/ positive longtemn/ revarsba Mass ewareness: literacy ratae Incresse ln per capits Incorne dua to Resettlemenl and rababilitalion lnvcessedIndustribs e sntalnan In the Impacted 49 Gender equtty improvement in lho status ol women. increase in Regional hlghl posltvea/bong-term/ raversble arcas literacy. mora paricpatlcin n tarmSngand decishonmaking _ 50 Peopb partipation ln ali tates of groundwater mansaement ReqionaUhiahl posithe/ long-termtreverstbie 53 tGO Increased hnvolvement _RaionatU mediurn positive/ krn-temil reversibta 54 Indigenous peopb Sore im _oac_
See Nole at Sheet 2
April 30, 2000 SEA FinadR~epor olYurn 3 Page M.22 Sheel 2 of 2
Tablo M9: Impact Assessment Matrtx for Basin Group 9 (West banas, SuklI and Other Naflas> Groundwater Devefopment Changes
Assumptionf: BaselinoConditions: Over exploilalion andtor semi-crilcal lo crilical calegory ol developmenl in lhe entire basin Water lable > 10-20 mibgI Groundwater developmont changem (Upto 2015i: (a) A nel reduclion In non-command area krigalion developmenl by aboul 15-20%and a net Increaso ln domeslic. Industrial demand by lhe sameamounl (Delails skelchy ai lhis lime) (b) Inlegrated surface and groundwaler management lmplemented(c) Increase ln surface water irrigalion by aboul 32.000 ha.
S No. Envronment*l Potenlial Impacta Rating of Impacts Mlilgatlon measures Residual Impacts parameter 
57 Diseases: livestock Reduced diseases due to benter water supply ReblonaUMedium/ positive/ long-tem/ reversibio Nole 1t Scope: local: is wHthin1 km of the proposed developmentactivity, basin-wide is within lhe basin ilselt, regional is within Ra)asthan 2> Magnitude: High means>75%, medium Is between 50-75%. kowIs 25-50% and negligible Is less lhan 25% 3> Direction Nel posilive. negallve or neutral Impadc 4) Duratbon:iong-lerm Is >10 years. medium -temmhs 2-10 yearn. short leembs <2 years 5>Reversibility: Reversibieor irreversible (positive or negatIve>Impact lo the resourcelpopulation(within a projected time - trame of 15 yearsa. 6) Impacdsof groundwater developmfentwili be an integral part od corresponding changes ln surfaco water development.As such. hmpad assessment relaltd lo RWRCP and pianned projects should be consldered integral wilh groundwaler developmenl and managemenl ** 7 Pafametersrequinrg nonitoring 
SEA Final Repott - Volume 3 Page M.23 Apri 30 2000
REFERENCES
REFERENCES
Bureau of lndian Standards.Environmental Management System - Specificationwith Guidancefor use.lndian Standard ISIISO 14001:1996 Bureauof lndianStandards. Environmental Management Systems - GeneralGuidelines on Principle,System and Supporting Techniques. lndian Standard IS/SO 14004:1996 Canada- Alberta EnvironmentallySustainable AgricuRture Agreement. Agricultural Impacts on Water quality in Alberta. Alberta Agriculture,Food and Rural development, Lethbridge,Alberta, 1998. CentralPollution Control Board., Ministry of Environment& Forests,Govemment of India, WaterQuality Data in respectof Riversin Rajasthanfor 1996and 1997. CentralPollution Control Board, Parivesh Newsletter, Vol. 5 (IV), 1999. Chauhan.T.S. Encyclospedíaof Rajasthan,Volume 1 & Il, VigyanPrakashan, 1996. Chouhan.T.S. (Editor),Natural and Humanresources of Rajasthan.Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur,1993 Departmentof Science & Technology,Govemment of Rajasthan,Resource Attas of Rajasthan,1994. Departmentof Agricuflure,GOR, Jaipur. Saline- Alkaline Soils in Rajasthan- TheirNature, Extent, & Management,1969. Directorateof Agricuture( StatisticalCeli), Govemmentof Rajasthan.Vital Agricultural Statistics,1997-98. Directorateof Economics& Statistics,Rajasthan, Jaipur, Economic Review, 1998-99. Directorateof Economics& Statistics,Govemment of Rajasthan.Basic Statistics, Rajasthan, 1996. Directorateof Economics& Statistics, Govemmentof Rajasthan. Socio - Economic Statistics,Rajasthan, 1996-97. Directorateof Economics& Statistics,Govemment of Rajasthan.Some Facts about Rajasthan,1998. Directorateof Economics& Statistics,Govemment of Rajasthan.Statistical Abstract, Rajasthan,1995. Directorateof Economics& Statistics,Govemment of Rajasthan.Twenty Five Years AgriculturalStatistics of Rajasthan,1973-74 to 97-98. Directorateof Economics& Statistics,Rajasthan, Jaipur, Basic Statistics, 1997, Rajasthan. Directorateof Economics& Statistics,Rajasthan, Jaipur, StatisticalAbstract, Rajasthan, 1996. Directorateof Informationand PublicContacts, Govemment of Rajasthan,1998. Rajasthan SUJAS Varshiki,1998 (In hindi). Directorate,Watershed Development and Soil Conservation,Rajasthan, Jaipur. i) Progress underNWDRPA during 1997-98 and Reporton compiledProgress of All Special Schemes & IRD Schems being operated by WatershedDevelopment & Soil ConservationDepartment, in IX Plan. ii) AnnualReport, 1995-96. ForestDepartment of Rajasthan,Rajasthan Forest Statistics- 1997. ForestDepartment, Govemment of Rajasthan.Wmld life Census-1997. Goel,M.M., Industries and PoílutionControl. APS, Jaipur, 1992 GroundWater Department, Govemment of Rajasthan,Jodhpur, Ground Water Resourcesof Rajasthan(Irrigation Potential) as on January1, 1998. GroundWater Department. GOR. Jodhpur. Ground Water Fluctuationdata & mapsfor 1994- 1998for differentdistricts of the State. GroundwaterDepartment, GOR. Groundwater Resources - ChambalRiver Basin (Volume1), Office of SeniorHydrogeologist, GWD, Kota, 1999. GroundWaterWing, CAD, IGNP, Bikaner. Annual Report, 1995 7 1996-97. Gupta.L.C.; and Shrimali,M.R.. N.G.Osin Rajasthan(in Hindi), Instituteof Development Studies,1996. Instituteof DevelopmentStudies. RWRCP Baseline Survey Mid TemmReport, 1999. 
SEA: FinalReport- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page 1 Instituteof DevelopmentStudies. RWRCP Baseline Survey, Juggar Project, 1999. Irrgation Department,Govemment of Rajasthan1996. The IX Five year Plan, Report of WorkingGroup on Irrigation,1997-2002. Joint Director, WatershedDevelopment and Soil ConservationDepartment, Kota Region, Kota.Repon of NWDPRAtaken up duringIX Plan, PersonalCommunication. JadhyaPradesh - Rajasthanlnter-State(lrrigation & Power)Control Board, Kota, 1973 Mott MacDonaldLimited. Draft Final Report,Annex H- EnvironmentalReview. IGNP Studies for GOR, 1998. Mott MacDonaldLimited. Operation & MaintenanceStudies, Intrim Report 13, 1998. Medicaland HealthDepartment, Govemment of Rajasthan,1999.Incidence of waterrelated diseases,1994- 97 (PersonalCommunication). Mock JF and Bolton,P. EnvironmentalEffects of Irrigation, Drainageand Flood Control Projects, Checklist for environmental lmpact lndication, Revised Draft for Discussion,HR. Wallingford,February 1991 NationalBureau of Soil Survey.Sojls of Rajasthanfor OptimisingLand Use,1995. PHED. GOR,Jaipur. Progress Report, 1997-98. PHED, GOR, Kota Region, Kota. Water Quality Analysis Data for Chambal River & MunicipalWaste Water 1997-99. ProjectPreparation Unit, RWRCP,Department of Irrigation,GOR, Jaipur. ProjectReport of Alnia, Saran Kheri, Bhakra Canal System, Gang Canal System, Lodisar,Jetpura, Kaladeh,Jhadol, SanthalSagar Bandh, Jawai, Angor and Ogna lIrigationProjects, 1 999. RAJAD ( RajasthanAgricultural Drainage Research Project), Chambal CommandAma Development,Kota, DataBase-1992-1999. RAJAD.Environmental Baseline Report, 1995. RAJAD Analysisof SubsurfaceDrainage Design Criteria, 1995. RAJAD.Environmental Analysis of SSDsystems RAJAD Experiences, 1999 RAJAD.Environmental Management Plan, RAJAD Project, 1995 RajasthanGroundwater Act (RajasthanBhoomigat Jal Vidhayak),1997 RSPCB(Rajasthan State PollutionControl Board, Govemment of Rajasthan,Jaipur). Annual ProgressReport, 199-97. RSPCB.Assessment of WaterQuality in Rajasthan,1997. RSPCB,Kota Region,Kota. Water QualityData for ChambalRiver (From RAJADData Base). RSPCB.Comprehensive Guidelines- Compliance of EnvironmentalActs/Ruies, 1996. RSPCB.Environmental Evaluation of M.l.A.Ahwar, 1998. RSPCB.Environmental Status of Lakesin Rajasthan,1986. RSPCB.Groundwater Quality Assessment in and aroundSanganer Town, Jaipur,1998. RSPCB.Groundwater Quality analysis data (19961998)for Jodhpur,Pali, Udaipur,Balotra and BhiHwara Senior Hydrogeologist,Ground water Department,Govemment of Rajasthan,Kota. Personal Communication. Tahal ConsultingEngineers Ltd..& WAPCOS. State Water ResourcesPlans, Vol. 1, 2 & 3 (Annexure),RWRCP, ID&R (Irrigation) Unit, 1998. Tahal Consulting Engineers Ud. & WAPCOS. Water Resources Planning Report of Shekhawati,Ruparail,Banganga, Gambhir, Parbati, Sabi, Banas, Chambal,Mabi, Sabarmati, Luni, West Banas,Sukii River Basins, Other Nallahs of Jalore District and and OutsideBasin; RWRCP, ID&R (Irigation) Unit, 1998 Vyas.L.N.; et.al. Contributionsto the EnvironmentalSciences, Himanshu Publications, 1996 Water and PowerConsultancy Services ( India) Umited. Central Water CommissionNew Delhi. Draft Guidelines for SustainableWater Resources Development and Management.Volume-1. July 1992 World Bank, EnvironmentalManagement Plans, EnvironmentalAssessment Source Book, Update,# 25, January,1999. World Bank,Operational Policies: Environmental Assessment, OP 4.01, January,1999. World Bank. OperationalPolicies: EconomicEvaluation of lnvestment Operations,OP 10.04,September, 1994 
SEA: FinalReport- Volume 3 April 30, 2000 Page 2 World Bank, Operational Policies: Environmental Action Plans, OP 4.02, October 1994 World Bank, Operational Policies: Forestry, OP 4.36, March 1993 World Bank, Operational Policies: Natural Habitats, OP 4.04, September 1995 World Bank, Operational Policies: Pest Management, OP 4.09, July 1996 World Bank, Operational Policies: Water Resource Management, OP 4.07, July 1993 World Bank, Operational Policy (OP) 4.01 - Environmental Assessment,January 1999. World Bank, Sectoral Environmental Assessment, Environmental Source Book Update,# 4, October 1993. WWF - India. Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan, 1994.
SEA: FinalReport - Volume 3 April 30,2000 Page 3