DOCSLIB.ORG

Bat Swing Analysis in Cricket

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bat Swing Analysis in Cricket Bat Swing Analysis in Cricket Author Sarkar, Ajay Krishno Published 2014 Thesis Type Thesis (PhD Doctorate) School Griffith School of Engineering DOI https://doi.org/10.25904/1912/476 Copyright Statement The author owns the copyright in this thesis, unless stated otherwise. Downloaded from http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367481 Griffith Research Online https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au BAT SWING ANALYSIS IN CRICKET Ajay Krishno Sarkar 2013 Bat Swing Analysis in Cricket by Ajay Krishno Sarkar M. Eng (EEE), Mie University, Japan Griffith School of Engineering Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology Griffith University Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2013 ABSTRACT Technology in sports has had great impact during the last two decades. A lot of time, human power and cost are involved in existing batting research methods. The reliability and usefulness of these outcomes is prone to error and dependent on the human ability. In this project, miniature, inexpensive, user and match-friendly inertial sensors were used to extract the cricket bat swing features. The data was validated through existing tools. The object of this work was to demonstrate that accelerometers offer significant advantages in cricket batting analysis. Experimental and theoretical work involved ball free and ball-hit swing profiles. Bat swing was analysed using accelerometer sensors and was validated using a rigid pendulum. Good agreement was obtained between the measured angles by inclinometer and static sensor (r=0.99), and between the swing angles estimated from equation and dynamic sensor (r=0.88). Hits on the pivot arm showed the optimum contact location to maximize the energy transfer to the ball. A non-linear pendulum equation with moving pivot was solved numerically to model for swing angles in straight drive. The derived equation showed good agreement with the acceleration data (r=0.91). The effect of initial angular velocity, the radius of rotation and phase angle of the pivot on the acceleration profile were strongly correlated with the maximum acceleration peak (r≡0.99). Repetitive bat swings in a straight drive by a novice batter showed that the bat position and orientation can be identified. The results were validated by video. Sweet-spot impacts from bat-ball contacts in defensive strokes (n=61) by five novice batters were determined by the sensor data. An approximate equation for bat angle (cosine squared function of time) during the straight drive was validated with video (r=0.99). The derived acceleration profile matched to the sensor data. Using Bland Altman covariance correlation, correlation coefficients 0.95 and 0.98 were found individually for each batter and among the batters respectively. The results from this experiment allowed the applied force to be calculated. The effect of back-lift height in defensive stroke over the control of bat alignment in bat-ball contact was investigated. Sensor recorded three amateur batters i defensive strokes (n=30) data revealed a detrimental effect of higher back-lift height in bat alignment. The sensor data and video data for a planar orthodox straight drive was analysed using rigid body dynamics using a decision matrix. The maximum bat acceleration occurs when the radius of rotation is maximized. Video and sensor data showed good matching (r=0.92) and the translational and rotational acceleration components dominate on different parts of bat swing. The relationship between bat and wrist sensors data in defensive strokes (n=5) by five batters (one sub-elite, two amateurs, two novices) was investigated to determined the coupling between the hands and the bat before and after ball-contact. Sub-elite and amateurs data showed that the top hand was more strongly coupled with the bat than the bottom hand (slope>0.64 for top and slope>0.4 for bottom hand of individual regression lines). Other novices showed poor coupling and jarring of hands. A linear relationship (r>0.7) was found between wrists and bat velocities for all batters. Integrating the sensors with wireless connectivity can provide feedback to the coach about the quality of stroke play. ii STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY This work has not previously been submitted for a degree or diploma in any university. To the best of my knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the thesis itself. Ajay Sarkar 5 July 2013 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to extend my heartiest thank to my principle supervisor Professor David Thiel for his time, effort and friendship. Professor David has been more than a perfect supervisor during my studies and researches in Australia-he has been an advisor, mentor, and a good friend. His energy and enthusiasm still continue to amaze me. During the countless discussions I had with him, I always felt that I was his only student, although he had many Ph. D. students. His contribution has greatly enhanced this work in everything and he have taught me a greatly deal I will take with me to all my future endeavors. Thank you sir for being so generous with your time despite supervising many students, projects, teaching, duties as the Chair of the IEEE Wave Propagation Standards Committee and serving on the IEEE Antenna Standards Committee. I would also like extend my sincerest thanks to my associate supervisors Dr. Daniel James and Dr. Andrew Busch for their time, guidance and advice. Dr. Dan helped in some important issues that I should acknowledge separately. For instance, he made me aware about the wrong format in the manuscript I was submitting after preliminary acceptance of the paper, thank you Dan. Dr. Busch suggested I use EndNote program to prepare the references lists at the beginning of my journey for the Ph. D. research, thank you Andrew. There are several people I need to acknowledge for the help they provided for being the subjects of my research. Specially, all of my research mates in CWMA, Griffith University, and this thesis would not have been possible without their help. I would like to express my heartfelt thank to Griffith University to provide me the scholarship support (GUPRS, GUIPRS) which made the journey smooth during my research and studies. I would like to extend my thanks to the staff of Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University for their very friendly cooperation in everything. iv Finally, of course I thank my family, particularly my wife Suvvra, whose contributions in many ways make me to come up to this stage at this time. Specially, some of her dedication for me I should acknowledge right now through this thesis to rest of my life. She took care of my little kids sometimes all the hours in a day while I even spent 9:00 am to 10:30 pm in university for research and studies. Just after returning home from UNI I used to go to sleep but could not help in any sort of family work. But always I used to find my food, daily necessities, things needed at my university are ready. She always tried to turn my gloomy moment into cheerful event by praying to God and inspiring me. I am thankful to God to bestow me such little kids of great patience. They never complained or press me to take them to hang around some where nice places (like parks, museum, rail-halls, zoo, hills etc.) even in the week end. They used to know from their mum that their Dad is very busy with research and studies. I am also grateful to my family members (my mum, uncle, brothers, sisters) back to my country for always inspiring me to work hard, keep patience, and resolve problems depending on God. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………….I STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY………………………………………………VI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………VII 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Cricket research 1 1.1.1 Cricket research endeavours 3 1.1.2 Cricket research directions 5 1.1.3 Research methods 6 1.2 Bat swing 133 1.2.1 Different phases of bat swing 15 1.2.2 Bat swing research 18 1.3 Thesis motivation and outline 22 1.3.1 The research gaps 22 1.3.2 Aims 23 1.3.3 Objectives 24 1.3.4 Contributions 25 1.3.5 Chapters 28 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 32 vi 2.1 Biomechanics and motor controls 32 2.2 Ecology & Assessment 55 2.3 Psychology 71 2.4 Morphology & physiology 76 2.5 Injuries and implements of batting 78 2.6 Literature using sensors methodology for other sports 81 2.7 An overview of the literature reporting sensors signal analysis 101 2.8 An overview of the literature reporting swing modelling and ball contact location in the bat in other sports 102 2.9 An overview of the literature reporting the cricket batting stroke that is known as the basis of all strokes 104 2.10 Literature Review Summary 105 3 CRICKET BATTING STROKES: PARAMETERS, ISSUES FOR BAT SWING RESEARCH 107 3.1 Batting strokes 107 3.1.1 The basic strokes and coaching points 109 3.2 Key parameters in the basic strokes 112 3.3 Existing data collection methods in cricket batting research 114 3.3.1 Data collection methods in cricket batting research 114 3.3.2 Overcoming the limitations in existing data collection methods 115 4 METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS 1188 vii 4.1 Research methodology 1188 4.1.1 Architecture of the inertial sensor platform 118 4.1.2 Signal processing of accelerometer data 140 4.1.3 Validation processes 155 4.2 Analysis method 161 5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 163 5.1 Pendulum swing results and insights for bat swing parameterizations 165 5.1.1 Background 165 5.1.2 Experimental Procedure 166 5.1.3 Results and discussion 167 5.1.4
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pakistan Cricket Board 2020
    PAKISTAN CRICKET BOARD TEAM PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM 2020 - 2023 PAKISTAN’S BIGGEST PASSION POINT Cricket is Pakistan’s most popular sport, the country’s biggest passion point, and we represent the country’s best athletes! PARTNER WITH US ON A JOURNEY TO INSPIRE AND UNIFY OUR NATION! A MISSION Our mission is to inspire and unify the nation by channelizing the passion of the youth, through our winning teams and by providing equal playing opportunities to all. We will demonstrate the highest levels of professionalism, ethics, transparency and accountability to our stakeholders. 360-DEGREE PARTNERSHIP ELITE ATHLETES PASSIONATE FANS TV DIGITAL Associate your brand with Connect with the hearts of Significant TV coverage, 12.8 million digital fan-base Pakistan’s biggest names millions of fans through us including 6 World Cup events with customized activation opportunities ELITE ATHLETES BABAR AZAM BISMAH MAROOF AZHAR ALI SHAHEEN SHAH AFRIDI THE BAADSHAH THE LEADER THE ROCK THE FUTURE Azam is the only batsman in The classy batter and national The epitome of hard work, our Aged 20, Afridi is ranked the world with a top-5 ranking captain leads Pakistan’s dependable Test captain has amongst some of the best fast across all three formats and all-time batting charts with close to 6000 runs in 78 Tests bowlers in world cricket today epitomizes our vision to be the close to 5000 international runs and his career proves that hard and represents a bright future best in everything we do. to her name. work leads to success. for our team. NIDA DAR IMAD WASIM JAVERIA KHAN SHADAB KHAN THE GLOBAL STAR THE DOCTOR THE FIGHTER THE PRINCE Dar is one of Pakistan’s leading Ranked 3rd in world all-rounder Pakistan’s highest run-scorer in Aggressive, smart, and a proven all-rounders and also the first rankings in ODI’s and 7th in T20I ODI cricket, Khan is a proven performer who brings fire and Pakistani cricketer to feature in bowler rankings, Wasim is one performer who has defied many aggression to the table, backed the Women’s Big Bash League.
    [Show full text]
  • The Kinematics of Batting Against Fast Bowling in Cricket
    THE KINEMATICS OF BATTING AGAINST FAST BOWLING IN CRICKET by CHRIS PEPLOE A Doctoral Thesis Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University July 2016 © by Chris Peploe, 2016. ABSTRACT In cricket, batting against a fast bowler is thought to be one of the most challenging tasks a player must undertake. Despite this, minimal research exists investigating the techniques used by batsmen, with the majority of research focussed on injury mechanisms and pace generation in fast bowlers. The aim of this study was to investigate the techniques used by elite and amateur batsmen in a training environment, such that key aspects of batting technique relating to success could be extracted, and recommendations for future coaching practice and player development could be made. A novel methodology was developed for the collection of full body three-dimensional kinematic data of cricket batsmen in a realistic training environment. Kinematic and high-speed video (250 Hz) data were collected for 31 batsmen, and a three-dimensional full body biomechanical model was developed. Batsmen performed forward drive and pull shots against different delivery methods. Key events and kinematic parameters were defined, and used to produce detailed biomechanical descriptions of the forward drive and pull shots. A curve fitting methodology was developed and validated to determine the impact location of the ball on the bat face, and used to investigate the effects of impact location on shot outcome during a range hitting task. Impacts further from the sweetspot were found to generate lower ball speeds and decrease shot accuracy through bat twist.
    [Show full text]
  • BATTING: Striking the Ball 6
    BATTING: Striking the Ball 6 Learning Outcomes: Skill (1): Forward Defensive • Hit a forward defensive shot with consistency and control • Hit a forward drive shot with consistency and control • Understand the need to attack and defend as a batter Starter • Make sure you start with the correct grip, a relaxed, comfortable stance and your eyes fixed on the ball. • Complete backswing as weight transfers to the front foot through a bent front knee. • Keep your head still, eyes level and fixed on the ball. • Rotate shoulders vertically and lean forward to block the ball with the bat next to and just in front of the front leg. • As you lean forward the back heel raises, bottom hand is relaxed and the bat should be presented face on to the ball. Skill (2): Forward Drive Look at the grid which shows the pitch divided into sections. If a bowler bowls most balls into the area indicated, into which section do you think most of the shots would go if a batter were right-handed? Why do you think this? • Contact with the ball should be made underneath the Warm-up and Stretching eyes. Can you think of some effective warm-up exercises to • The bat should accelerate through the point of prepare you for batting? You will be using your arms but contact and stay on line with the shot as long you will also be running so you will need to loosen up key as possible to a high finish position. muscles and get your heart and lungs working. BATTING: Striking the Ball 6 Have a go Extensions • Once everyone has had a chance to bat, each batter should then receive a further six balls.
    [Show full text]
  • A Short Guide to Scoring
    A SHORT GUIDE TO SCORING Cricket matches need scorers to record runs scored, wickets taken and overs bowled. The purpose of this Guide is to give guidance to those who are new to scoring and players who score only part of an innings THE BATTING SECTION OF THE SCORING RECORD • You should have received a team list, hopefully with the batting order identified. • Record the name of the batsman in pencil or as the innings progresses - captains often change the batting order! • Indicate the captain with an asterisk ( *) and the wicket keeper with a dagger symbol ( †). • When a batsman is out, draw diagonal lines // in the ‘Runs Scored’ section after all entries for that batsman to show that the innings is completed. • Record the method of dismissal in the " how out " column. • Write the bowler's name in the " bowler " column only if the bowler gets credit for the dismissal. • When a batsman’s innings is completed record his total score. CUMULATIVE SCORE • Use one stroke to cross off each incident of runs scored. • When more than one run is scored and the total is taken onto the next row of the cumulator this should be indicated as shown below. Cumulative Run Tally 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 END OF OVER SCORE • At the end of each over enter the total score, number of wickets fallen and bowler number. THE BOWLING SECTION OF THE SCORING RECORD The over • Always record the balls in the over in the same sequence in the overs box.
    [Show full text]
  • Effectiveness of Top 3 Batsmen Helping Team in Winning ODI Matches
    Yadav et al (2020): Effectiveness of batsmen towards wining Nov 2020 Vol. 23 Issue 17 Effectiveness of Top 3 Batsmen helping team in Winning ODI Matches Cintukumar Yadav1, Amritashish Bagchi2*, Antriksh Jaiswal3 and Jayvrat Kapoor4 1,3,4Student, MBA, 2Assistant Professor,Symbiosis School of Sports Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India *Corresponding author: [email protected] (Bagchi) Abstract Background:This Research paper tells us about how effective a role Top 3 batsman plays in competitive cricket. Cricket has become one of the majorly-watched sport across the globe in recent years. Over the years the game of cricket has evolved drastically with changes in formats and also playing style and strategy. Winning a game of cricket depends on many factors like winning the toss, home advantage, player combination, team composition and, individuals’ performance, this research paper takes into consideration the impact of the top 3 batsmen helping a team to score a big total (runs) in ODIs.Methods: The teams that have been selected for the study are the current top 5 ranked teams in ICC’s latest ODI Rankings - England, India, New Zealand, South Africa and Australia ranked 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively, the number of times they have scored more than 300 runs and the contribution of Top 3 Batsman’s.Conclusion. The study will act as valuable aid and help the team management to select the right combination of players at Top 3 in the playing XI to win the match. The contribution of Top 3 Batsman’s had an impact on the match result, researchers have found that when team scoring more than 300, their team has won the match 80.7% of times.
    [Show full text]
  • Running Effective Training Sessions
    EFFECTIVE TRAINING SESSIONS Session structure Net session options Modified games INTRODUCTION Today's cricketers, both young and old, without doubt have totally different expectations from their sport than they did as recent as ten years ago. There are many exciting options available nowadays to share the seemingly ever-decreasing leisure time available. Some of these are computer/video games, water sports, the perceived high action sports, eg. basketball, football, baseball, etc… So competition is at a premium and that is why we must look at providing more enjoyable sporting environments, both on and off the field. One important factor, which attracts us to playing sport, is the satisfaction of success and improvement. Obtaining small goals and achieving progressively provides great enjoyment and reward. Because of this our training programs should be directly geared toward constant progression in areas such as skills, physical conditioning and match skills, tactic, etc. Your biggest challenge as a coach is providing an atmosphere, which continually contains a very positive work rate and is enjoyable. It is imperative that we do not lose focus of our training objectives. Cricket training is about preparing your team to give it the best possible opportunity of performing at its optimum level for each contest. Anything you expect them to do in a game you must try and implement at your trainings. PREPARATION FAILING TO PREPARE IS PREPARING TO FAIL ! Spend some time pre-season mapping out a season planner and then breaking down the plan and mapping out guidelines for each session is an invaluable exercise. Of course, many variables may affect the end result of the session, but to have something to work from is the key.
    [Show full text]
  • Modelling and Simulation for One-Day Cricket
    The Canadian Journal of Statistics 143 Vol. 37, No. 2, 2009, Pages 143–160 La revue canadienne de statistique Modelling and simulation for one-day cricket TimB.SWARTZ1*, Paramjit S. GILL2 and Saman MUTHUKUMARANA1 1Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6 2Mathematics, Statistics and Physics Unit, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7 Key words and phrases: Bayesian latent variable model; cricket; Markov chain methods; Monte Carlo simulation; sports statistics; WinBUGS. MSC 2000: Primary 62P99; secondary 62F15. Abstract: This article is concerned with the simulation of one-day cricket matches. Given that only a finite number of outcomes can occur on each ball that is bowled, a discrete generator on a finite set is developed where the outcome probabilities are estimated from historical data involving one-day international cricket matches. The probabilities depend on the batsman, the bowler, the number of wickets lost, the number of balls bowled and the innings. The proposed simulator appears to do a reasonable job at producing realistic results. The simulator allows investigators to address complex questions involving one-day cricket matches. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 37: 143–160; 2009 © 2009 Statistical Society of Canada Resum´ e:´ Cet article porte sur la simulation de matchs de cricket d’une seule journee.´ Etant´ donne´ qu’il y a un nombre fini d’ev´ enements´ possibles a` chaque lancer de balle, un gen´ erateur´ discret. Sur un ensemble fini est developp´ eo´ u` les probabilites´ de chacun des ev´ enements´ sont estimees´ a` partir de donnees´ historiques provenant de matchs de cricket international d’une seule journee.´ Les probabilites´ dependent´ du batteur, du lanceur, du nombre de guichets perdus, du nombre de balles lancees´ et des manches.
    [Show full text]
  • Cricket Tournament Rules
    Cricket Tournament Rules I. Policy and Procedures A. For all Policy and Procedures, please refer to Columbia University’s Intramural Handbook which can be found on perec.columbia.edu under Intramurals, Rules & Policies, as well as under Handbooks/Manuals on the Columbia University’s imleagues.com website. All Intramural participants are responsible for knowing all of the Intramural Policy and Procedures. B. Leagues offered: 1. Open-Recreational: a mixed gender league that is open for anyone to register and participate. C. All players must present a valid Columbia University identification (CUID) or Dodge Fitness Center identification (DFCID) to Intramural Staff in order to play. D. All games are played at Baker Athletics Complex at 533 W 218th Street. Teams must arrive ready to play no more than 10 minutes after the scheduled game time or a forfeit will be declared. II. Players and participants A. A team shall consist of 7 players in a match. 1. Rosters have a maximum of 15 players. B. A minimum of 7 players is required to start the game. C. Substitutes can neither bat neither bowl. They are allowed for fielding only. III. Game Play A. The live field boundary area is defined as the soccer field lines. B. Game duration is 90 minutes. Batting times will be 45 minutes maximum per team. C. Each game consists of one inning per team. Each inning will consist of 10 overs per side (an over is 6 legal deliveries). D. No bowler may bowl more than 3 overs in the innings. E. A coin toss will be held at the beginning of each match to determine the first team to bat.
    [Show full text]
  • Determinants of Success in Twenty20 Cricket Michael J
    Determinants of success in Twenty20 cricket Michael J. Najdan1, Matthew T. Robins2 and Paul S. Glazier3 1 School of Science and Technology, Clifton Campus, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK. 2 Chichester Centre of Applied Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Chichester, Chichester, Bishop Otter Campus, Chichester, UK. 3 Institute for Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the determinants of success in Twenty20 cricket. 29 matches for winning teams and 30 matches for losing teams were analysed from the 2010 English domestic Twenty20 competition. Magnitude-based inferences, reported as effect sizes (ES), were used to characterise differences in performance indicators between winning and losing teams. The top 5 indicators of success were losing less wickets in the powerplay overs (ES = -1), losing less wickets between overs 7-10 (ES = -1), 50+ run partnerships (ES = 1), individual batsmen contributing 75+ runs (ES = 1) and 50-74 runs (ES = 1). In addition, winning teams scored a higher percentage of total runs to long-off (ES =0.4) and the off-side (ES = 0.2), and bowled a higher percentage of deliveries at a yorker (ES = 0.4) and short length (ES = 0.58) than losing teams. Collectively, these findings highlight that teams should retain wickets in the first 10 overs of an innings, without necessarily maximising the number of runs scored. In the final 10 overs, teams should outscore the opposition by hitting boundary 4s and avoid scoring a high percentage of runs from 1s. Moreover, from a bowling perspective, a more balanced strategy with regards to bowling length appears to be advantageous, as evidenced by the greater usage of short and yorker length deliveries by winning teams.
    [Show full text]
  • FIELDING: Throwing Skills 1
    FIELDING: Throwing Skills 1 Learning Outcome: • Throw a ball accurately Starter Skill: Overarm Throw Look at these pictures of a boy about to throw a ball underarm and overarm at the stumps. What are the skills involved in each type of throw? Discuss your answers in groups of four and then share your thoughts with the rest of the class. Agree which you think is the right answer. • Stand side-on and point non-throwing arm at partner. • Lift your throwing arm up and bend it at the elbow. • Rock backward then forward, releasing the ball quickly. • Keep your eye fixed on the target. • For accuracy, aim to throw the ball into the wicket keeper’s hands if attempting to hit the stumps. Some Fielding Rules • Each team has a minimum of eight players including a wicket keeper who does not bowl. • A captain is appointed to each team. • The captain, in consultation with team mates, is responsible for field placements and order of batting. • Waiting batters can act as scorers and umpire. Warm-up and Stretching Can you think of some good warm-up exercises to prepare you for throwing? Think about the parts of the body you will use most. Remember to include: • Cardiovascular activity to get your heart and lungs working • Dynamic stretches • Static stretches FIELDING: Throwing Skills 1 Have a go Extensions • Once you are confident of your technique, repeat the exercise standing further away from the stumps. Try distances of 10m and 12m and see how this affects your score. • Make the target smaller and bigger and see how you score.
    [Show full text]
  • Indoor Cricket Rules (Updated 4/3/2018)
    Indoor Cricket Rules (Updated 4/3/2018) The following rules have been created and modified by the Wyoming Cricket Club (WyoCC). T7 Tournament: Cricket is a team game consisting of 5 players per team for this tournament format. Teams will be randomly paired against each other and will play a 7 overs (each side) game. An over consists of six legal balls bowled by a single bowler from the bowler’s crease to the batsman. (6 legal balls X 7 overs = 42 legal balls per team, per game). This is a single elimination tournament, in which the losing team will be eliminated and the winning team will progress to the next round of play. Teams should be ready to play whenever called between 12 PM – 5 PM during the event. The tournament will be played in the MAC gym (in one half of the gym or one basketball court). Detailed rules of the game are described in the “T7 Tournament Rules” section below. T7 Tournament Rules Team: Each team will consist of 5 players. Match length: Each game will continue until each side bats for 7 overs or loses all their wickets (all batters get out). Bowling Rules: Each over will consist of 6 legal throws or bowls. Wide balls and no-balls are counted as illegal balls. The batting team will be awarded a run for each illegal ball bowled along with any runs scored off of those balls. If the foot of the bowler crosses the front or the side crease while bowling it will be considered a no- ball.
    [Show full text]
  • LAWS of CRICKET 2017 CODE (2Nd Edition - 2019)
    THE LAWS OF CRICKET 2017 CODE (2nd Edition - 2019) © Marylebone Cricket Club Laws of Cricket 2017 Code (2nd Edition - 2019) 1 THE PREFACE The game of Cricket has been governed by a series of Codes of Laws for over 270 years. These Codes have been subject to additions and alterations recommended by the governing authorities of the time. Since its formation in 1787, Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) has been recognised as the sole authority for drawing up the Code and for all subsequent amendments. The Club also holds the World copyright. The basic Laws of Cricket have stood remarkably well the test of time. It is thought the real reason for this is that cricketers have traditionally been prepared to play in the Spirit of the Game, recognised in the Preamble since 2000, as well as in accordance with the Laws. The changes made in this 2017 Code reflect views following a global consultation with players, umpires and administrators at all levels of the game, including the International Cricket Council, the sport’s global governing body. The game has evolved quickly, requiring six Editions of the 2000 Code to be published in only fifteen years. A new Code was necessary to rationalise these amendments and to list the Laws in a more logical format and order. The guiding objectives behind the changes, evidenced from the consultation, have been to maintain a fair balance between bat and ball, to make the Laws easier to understand, to safeguard players’ welfare, and to give umpires more mechanisms to address instances of poor behaviour by players.
    [Show full text]