DOCSLIB.ORG

TRANSFORMACIONES DEL PENSAMIENTO DE DARWIN EN CABO DE HORNOS: UN LEGADO PARA LA CIENCIA Y LA ETICA AMBIENTAL RESUMEN Durante

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
TRANSFORMACIONES DEL PENSAMIENTO DE DARWIN EN CABO DE HORNOS: UN LEGADO PARA LA CIENCIA Y LA ETICA AMBIENTAL RESUMEN Durante MAGALLANIA (Chile), 2018. Vol. 46(1):267-277 267 TRANSFORMACIONES DEL PENSAMIENTO DE DARWIN EN CABO DE HORNOS: UN LEGADO PARA LA CIENCIA Y LA ETICA AMBIENTAL RICARDO ROZZIa,b RESUMEN Durante sus expediciones por los archipiélagos en la región del Cabo de Hornos, Darwin se sorprendió con presencia humana en Cabo de Hornos. Sus observaciones sobre los paisajes, la fauna y los hábitos de vida de los pueblos originarios fueguinos, lo llevaron a cuestionarse y estimularon sus pensamientos iniciales sobre la teoría de la evolución de las especies, incluida la especie humana. El pensamiento evolutivo de Darwin sobre la especie humana comenzó a gestarse en Cabo de Hornos. En este trabajo se examina cómo, en el curso de su vida, Darwin transformó su juicio inicial sobre los pueblos fueguinos y cómo este cambio de juicio está asociado a la maduración de sus conceptos para plantear la teoría de la evolución humana, para esbozar reflexiones sobre un concepto ecológico-contextual sobre el concepto del buen vivir y plantear implicaciones éticas que derivan de su teoría de la evolución humana. A partir de la identificación de estos conceptos, se analiza las implicancias para un pensamiento científico y para una ética ambiental que contribuyan a tratar algunas de las causas últimas de la actual crisis socio-ambiental global. En el contexto de este número especial de Magallania, este análisis explica los fundamentos del nombre del curso internacional de Filosofía Ambiental de Campo, llamado también Tracing Darwin’s Path in Cape Horn (“Tras los pasos de Darwin en Cabo de Hornos”) que desde el año 2005 ofrecen anualmente la Universidad de Magallanes y la Universidad North Texas en la Reserva de la Biosfera Cabo de Hornos. PALABRAS CLAVE: buen vivir, fueguinos, evolución humana, post-verdad, yagán. TRANSFORMATIONS OF DARWIN’S THOUGHT IN CAPE HORN: A LEGACY FOR SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS ABSTRACT During his expeditions through the archipelagos in the Cape Horn region, Charles Darwin was surprised by the presence of humans in Cape Horn. His observations on the landscapes, the fauna, and a Parque Etnobotánico Omora, Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad (IEB-Chile) y Universidad de Magallanes. Puerto Williams, Provincia Antártica Chilena, Chile. [email protected] b Sub-Antarctic Biocultural Conservation Program, Department of Philosophy and Religion & Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, 1704 West Mulberry, Denton, TX 76201, USA. 268 R. ROZZI the life habits of the Fuegian people led him to question Victorian concepts, and stimulated his initial thoughts about the theory of evolution, including the human species. The evolutionary thought of Darwin on the human species began to take shape in Cape Horn. In this paper, I examine how in the course of his life Darwin transformed his initial judgments about the Fuegian people, and how this change of judgment is associated with the maturation of his concepts to forge the theory of human evolution. I also examine his early reflections on an ecological-contextual concept of good living, and the ethical implications that derive from his theory of human evolution. From the identification of these concepts, I analyze the implications for a scientific thought and for an environmental ethics that may contribute to address some of the ultimate causes of the current global socio-environmental crisis. In the context of this special issue of Magallania, this analysis offers a theoretical explanation of the name of the international course in Field Environmental Philosophy, which is also called “Tracing Darwin’s Path in Cape Horn,” offered annually since 2005 by the University of Magallanes and the University of North Texas University in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve. KEY WORDS: good life, fuegians, human evolution, post-truth, yahgan. El viaje de Darwin -ampliamente conocido con asombro el cabo de la Isla Hornos en todo su a través de su libro Viaje de un Naturalista esplendor. Este primer avistamiento fue efímero, Alrededor del Mundo publicado en 1839- fue porque el tiempo empeoró rápidamente y debieron en realidad un viaje alrededor del Hemisferio Sur refugiarse por varios días en la vecina isla Hermite, y, más específicamente, Sudamérica. En este donde Darwin celebró el día de navidad a su modo: continente estuvo más del 75% de su viaje y escalando la cumbre más alta, el Monte Kater. El dos archipiélagos resaltan por la inspiración que joven naturalista había visitado Brasil unos meses generaron en el joven naturalista: Galápagos y antes y se impresionó al encontrar estos bosques Cabo de Hornos. Es bien conocida la relevancia fríos en extremo sur del continente con una de las observaciones y colectas que realizó en el fisionomía que le recordaba aquella de los bosques archipiélago de las Galápagos de distintas especies tropicales: de pinzón, cuyas variaciones en la morfología y dieta fueron esenciales para concebir el mecanismo La vista era imponente … [los] troncos evolutivo de la selección natural (Bowler, 1990). torcidos y rastreros están cubiertos de líquenes En contraste, poco conocido es el hecho que como sus raíces por musgos; en realidad, el sus experiencias en los archipiélagos de Cabo de piso es un pantano donde nada crece excepto Hornos inspiraron la concepción de su teoría sobre juncos y varios tipos de musgos. La cantidad la evolución humana, a partir de sus encuentros de troncos podridos y caídos me recordó el con grupos fueguinos, incluyendo el pueblo yagán bosque tropical (Darwin 1839, p. 271). (Rozzi, 1999). Además, sus experiencias en el archipiélago austral estimularon tempranamente la Durante sus expediciones por los noción ética central que se desprende de su teoría: archipiélagos en la región del Cabo de Hornos, el respeto por todas las razas humanas y por todos Darwin se sorprendió también al observar aves los seres vivos con quienes compartimos un linaje característicamente tropicales, como loros y evolutivo común. colibríes, junto a los contrastantes paisajes glaciares de la región subantártica. Sin embargo, Cuatro Aprendizajes de la impresión más duradera fue que “en esta Darwin en Cabo de Hornos región tan inhóspita es difícil concebir que el hombre pueda existir” (Darwin 1839, p. 277). Desde la cubierta de H.M.S. Beagle, el La presencia humana en Cabo de Hornos intrigó 21 de diciembre de 1832 Charles Darwin avistó profundamente a Darwin quien se asombró TRANSFORMACIONES DEL PENSAMIENTO DE DARWIN EN CABO DE HORNOS: 269 con los hábitos canoeros y la dieta compuesta teórico para el nombre del curso internacional de principalmente por mariscos y otros productos Filosofía Ambiental de Campo, llamado también del mar. Estas observaciones sobre los paisajes, Tracing Darwin’s Path in Cape Horn (“Tras los la fauna y los hábitos de vida del pueblo yagán, lo pasos de Darwin en Cabo de Hornos”), que desde llevaron a cuestionarse sobre nociones aprendidas el año 2005 ofrecen anualmente la Universidad de acerca de la distribución geográfica de las Magallanes y la Universidad de North Texas en el especies y estimularon sus pensamientos iniciales Parque Omora, Puerto Williams, Chile. sobre la teoría de la evolución de las especies, incluida la especie humana. El pensamiento 1) El pensamiento crítico de darwin: evolutivo de Darwin sobre la especie humana cambios en su visión acerca de las comenzó a gestarse en Cabo de Hornos y su culturas fueguinas pensamiento inicial fue cambiando y madurando significativamente durante su vida. Durante su madurez, Darwin rectificó con El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar entereza sus juicios de juventud sobre los fueguinos. el papel central que tuvieron para Darwin sus En 1881, cincuenta años después de su expedición experiencias en Cabo de Hornos. Se examina a Cabo de Hornos, escribió en una carta a William en particular cómo en el curso de su vida Darwin Parker Snow -quien había sido capitán del Allen transformó su juicio inicial sobre los pueblos Gardiner, la embarcación de la misión anglicana fueguinos, y cómo este cambio de juicio está establecida en las islas Malvinas- donde confesaba asociado a la maduración de sus conceptos para que había estado muy equivocado en mis juicios plantear la teoría de la evolución humana, para tempranos respecto a la naturaleza y capacidades esbozar reflexiones sobre un concepto ecológico- de los fueguinos (carta publicada en p. 3, SAMS contextual sobre el concepto del buen vivir y Daily News 1885). Esta significativa carta y la plantear implicaciones éticas que derivan de transformación de esta faceta del pensamiento su teoría de la evolución humana. A partir de darwiniano son mucho menos conocidas que las la identificación de estos cuatro conceptos que equivocadas descripciones despectivas sobre los emanan del trabajo darwiniano en Cabo de Hornos fueguinos, plasmadas en el Diario de Viaje escrito se analiza sus implicancias para un pensamiento en su juventud. científico que cobra especial relevancia hoy en una Es necesario destacar que esta faceta del sociedad amenazada por la post-verdad, asocidada pensamiento de Darwin surgió en Cabo de Hornos a la práctica de afirmar “hechos alternativos” o para rescatar un ejemplo del genuino quehacer “verdades alternativas” (cfr. Lubchenco, 2017). científico abierto a transformar las interpretaciones Darwin no tranzó con la búsqueda permanente del mundo frente a nuevas evidencias empíricas o de verdad y tuvo la entereza para reconocer sus formas de análisis de la información acumulada. Su errores y cambiar sus juicos. Se analiza también cambio de interpretación acerca de la cultura del las implicancias que los conceptos darwinianos pueblo yagán y otros pueblos fueguinos destaca el tienen hoy para una ética ambiental que contribuye espíritu crítico y poco dogmático del naturalista. La a superar algunas causas últimas de la crisis nueva interpretación tuvo implicaciones políticas, ambiental global, esto es los valores y cultura de sociales, religiosas y éticas gravitantes, tales como una sociedad global consumista y antropocéntrica. desarticular argumentos que justificaban el racismo Sustentada en la ciencia y consistente con otros y el esclavismo.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fjords of Tierra Del Fuego
    One Way Route Punta Arenas - Ushuaia | 4 NIGHTS Fjords of Tierra del Fuego WWW.AUSTRALIS.COM Route Map SOUTH AMERICA Santiago Buenos Aires CHILE Punta Arenas 1 STRAIT OF MAGELLAN TIERRA DEL FUEGO 2 Tuckers Islets 2 Ainsworth Bay DARWIN RANGE Pía Glacier 3 5 Ushuaia ARGENTINA 3 BEAGLE CHANNEL Glacier Alley 4 Bahía Wulaia Day 1 : Punta Arenas Day 2 : Ainsworth Bay - Tuckers Islets* 4 Day 3 : Pía Glacier - Glacier Alley** Cape Horn Day 4 :Cape Horn - Wulaia Bay Day 5 : Ushuaia * In September and April, this excursion is replaced by a short walk to a nearby glacier at Brookes Bay. ** Not an excursion Map for tourism related purposes Day 1: Punta Arenas Check in at 1398 Costanera del Estrecho Ave. (Arturo Prat Port) between 13:00 and 17:00. Board at 18:00 (6 PM). After a welcoming toast and introduction of captain and crew, the ship departs for one of the remotest corners of planet Earth. During the night we cross the Strait of Magellan and enter the labyrinth of channels that define the southern extreme of Patagonian. The twinkling lights of Punta Arenas gradually fade into the distance as we enter the Whiteside Canal between Darwin Island and Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego. Day 2: Ainsworth Bay & Tuckers Islets By dawn the ship is sailing up Admiralty Sound (Seno Almirantazgo), a spectacular offshoot of the Strait of Magellan that stretches nearly halfway across Tierra del Fuego. The snowcapped peaks of Karukinka Natural Park stretch along the north side of the sound, while the south shore is defined by the deep fjords and broad bays of Alberto de Agostini National Park.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on 'Voyage of Charles Darwin' 2020 Jan 13
    Bio4270 – Notes for “Voyage of Charles Darwin” Episode 1 – “I was considered a very ordinary boy….” “Trifling Chances“ lead to a career in Science ? 04.00 – Medical school of U Edinburgh Operation on young girl Note absence of ordinary cleanliness Wine as ‘anaesthetic’; cloth to bite Darwin runs out [cf biography] 07.00 – Introduction to Robert Fitzroy Boarding the Beagle w/ Sullivan: First command Scurvy; frostbite; Suicide; “What is it drives a man to suicide?” “Anxieties & Hardship” Civilized Christians 16.00 – Uncle Jos U Cambridge to study Theology Three years wasted “My passion for hunting led me into a Sporting Set….” Candle snuffing 22.00 Beetle collecting: “I will give proof of my zeal ….” 22.49 – John Stevens Henslow [filmed at Kew?] Mixed group Collecting - The Man Who Walks with Henslow 26.00 – Fuegians Jemmy Button, Fuegia Basket, York Minster 28:00 – Darwin & Henslow Did he disappoint? Drawing conclusions from long continued & minute observations Contrasting explanations for variety 32.00 – Voyage of HMS Beagle (1831) [The HMS Marques] 33:30 – Henslow’s Letter [see copies] Father’s reaction: “Wild disreputable scheme” “No man of common sense” Uncle Jos rebuttal: “A young man of Enlarged Curiosity….” [Note faces] Interview with Fitzroy: no dilettantism, “high Tory vs low Whig” What is Darwin’s position on the Beagle ? 235 tonnes; 90 long x 25 wide; crew of 70 45.00 - First display of Fitzroy’s temper Chronometric survey – How do chronometers work ? Lyell’s Principles of Geology [Vol. 1] 48.00 – “The Most Important Event of My Life” Fitzroy –discipline & generosity Introduction to Wickham as First Lieutenant? Who is Augustus Earle ? Note Earle’s comments throughout [Note BCP on those in peril on the sea] Episode 2 – “Have a decided taste for some branch of knowledge.” “My Mind was a chaos of delight.” 02.00 – Sea-Sickness Fitzroy’s authority 08.00 - Darwin mounts to the t’gallants Note Fitzroy insights into biology 10.00 – Introduce Covington 13.00 – Crossing the Line Note marines Cf.
    [Show full text]
  • "Dittborn's Oir Moil Pointings: the Invention of O Genre" by Guy Brett
    , Mtdd/e Hea.,d , G/arica /s/8nd ts T ••Pt " Sen Suck/er r M8cKenZles PI f Coogee • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • CENTRO CULTURAL PALACIO LA MONEDA CENTRO DE DOCUMENTACiÓN ARTES VISUALES Todos los derechos reservados. Prohibida la reproducción parcial y/o total. Conforme a la Ley N' 17.336 sobre Propiedad Intelectual en Chile. EL ROS;l'ItO OUE MA­ RECJt~El!rE$TA pJlolTtJ'RA AalOPO$TAL D EL l\Q$TJ\O DE UN ABOJUOItN DE TmIUlA DEL PUl:Oó t.LIi:VADO ltN 1829 DESDE EL EX­ TRJlMO AUSTRAL DE ~CA DEL SUR A LONDRES A BOJU)() Dmo "BltAOt.¡¡;,,· POR SU CAP! TAN ROBERT trITZ·RQY. aOJEN LO COMPRO POR UNOS CUANTOS BOTO­ JO:S y LO LLAMO .ntMMY BUT1"Ol\l• . ' .....- ...... , . • • • "Dittborn's oir moil pointings: AIR MAIL PAINTING NO. 49 the invention of o genre" TillE: JEMM Y BUTTON YEAR OF PRODUCTlON: 1986 by Guy Brett SIZE OF WORK : 154 X 210{M If I am especially cansciaus of being an English TECHNIQUE: BUTTONS, WOOL, person, sitting in Brixton, South London, writing FEATHERS, PAINTlNG AND about the work 01' a Chilean artist which will be PHOTOSILKS{REEN ON WRAPPING shown in Australia, it is because Eugenio Dittborn brings about thi s kind 01' linking. The other day, with two others, PAPER. we unwrapped, laid out and photographed one of Dittborn ' s ITINERARY : AirMail Paintings on a street in the East End of London. It 1 E. DITTBORN, STGO DE {HILE, contained an image 01' " Jemmy Button", an indigenous DECEMBER 1986 inhabitant of Tierra del Fuego who was ' bought ' by the Captain of Charles Darwin 's ship "The Beagle" (for a few 2 {HILE VIVE, PALACIO DE BELLAS buttons) and brought to London in 1829.
    [Show full text]
  • THE GOLD DIGGINGS of CAPE HORN a Study of Life in Tierra Del Fuego and Patagonia by John R. Spears Illustrated G. P. Putnam's So
    THE GOLD DIGGINGS OF CAPE HORN A study of life in Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia by John R. Spears Illustrated G. P. Putnam's Sons New York 27 West Twenty-Third Street London 24 Bedford Street, Strand The Knickerbocker Press 1895 CONTENTS I AFTER CAPE HORN GOLD II THE CAPE HORN METROPOLIS III CAPE HORN ABORIGINES IV A CAPE HORN MISSION V ALONG-SHORE IN TIERRA DEL FUEGO VI STATEN ISLAND OF THE FAR SOUTH VII THE NOMADS OF PATATGONIA VIII THE WELSH IN PATAGONIA IX BEASTS ODD AND WILD X BIRDS OF PATAGONIA XI SHEEP IN PATAGONIA XII THE GAUCHO AT HOME XIII PATAGONIA'S TRAMPS XIV THE JOURNEY ALONG-SHORE LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS MAP OF THE CAPE HORN REGION GOLD-WASHING MACHINES, PARAMO, TIERRA DEL FUEGO PUNTA ARENAS, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN YAHGANS AT HOME (1) THE MISSION STATION AT USHUAIA (1) USHUAIA, THE CAPITAL OF ARGENTINE TIERRA DEL FUEGO (1) AN ONA FAMILY (1) ALUCULOOF INDIANS (1) GOVERNMENT STATION AT ST. JOHN. (FROM A SKETCH BY COMMANDER CHWAITES, A.N.) (1) A TEHUELCHE SQUAW (1) TEHUELCHES IN CAMP (1) GAUCHOS AT HOME AMONG THE RUINS AT PORT DESIRE, PATAGONIA (1) SANTA CRUZ, PATAGONIA (1) THE GOVERNOR'S HOME AND A BUSINESS BLOCK IN GALLEGOS, THE CAPITAL OF PATAGONIA (1) (1) Reproduced by permisson of Charles Scribner's Sons, from an article, by the author of this book, in Scribner's Magazine, entitled "At the end of the Continent." PREFACE I am impelled to say, by way of preface, that the readers will find herein such a collection of facts about the coasts of Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia as an ordinary newspaper reporter might be expected to gather while on the wing, and write when the journey was ended.
    [Show full text]
  • Coloniality and Anglican Missions in Argentine Patagonia in the Nineteenth Century
    humanities Article Lux et Tenebris? Coloniality and Anglican Missions in Argentine Patagonia in the Nineteenth Century Hugo Córdova Quero Department of Theology, Starr King School for the Ministry, Oakland, CA 94623, USA; [email protected] Abstract: Within the modern capitalist World-System, Missionary work was mostly developed through the connubiality with colonial powers. The missionary work of the Anglican Church is no exception. This article centers on the missionary enterprise carried out in Argentine Patagonia in the nineteenth century. Missionaries’ reports carefully narrated that venture. However, the language and the notions underlying the missionary work’s narration reveal the dominion of colonial ideologies that imbued how religious agents constructed alterity. Connecting the missionaries’ worldview with the political context and expansion of the British Empire allows us to unfold the complex intersections of religious, ethnic, racial, and geopolitical discourses that traverse the lives of indigenous peoples in South America. Keywords: Anglican missions; Argentine Patagonia; British Empire; Missionary reports 1. Introduction “Thus, we lived from week to week, seeking according to the grace given to us to be useful in opening the eyes of these poor people to see and follow the light of God’s truth, and to love and serve their God and Saviour”. Citation: Córdova Quero, Hugo. Thomas Bridges (Kirby 1871, pp. 140–41; emphasis mine) 2021. Lux et Tenebris? Coloniality With those words, the Anglican missionary Rev. Thomas Bridges concluded his report and Anglican Missions in Argentine to the South American Missionary Society (SAMS) for 1871 (Kirby 1871, pp. 137–41). His Patagonia in the Nineteenth Century. report was part of the work carried out by the missionaries in South America, who covered Humanities 10: 36.
    [Show full text]
  • La Historia De Jemmy Button: Encuentros Transculturales En Fitzroy, Darwin E Iparraguirre
    LA HISTORIA DE JEMMY BUTTON: ENCUENTROS TRANSCULTURALES EN FITZROY, DARWIN E IPARRAGUIRRE Idunn Amalie Sandemose Tesina de maestría en español y estudios latinoamericanos Departamento de lenguas extranjeras Facultad de Humanidades Universidad de Bergen Otoño 2017 ‘THE LAND OF FIRE’ Far, far away, Over ocean’s spray, Where the billows roll, By the icy Pole, Lies the ‘Land of Fire!’ What strange forms appear Flitting here and there! Man! this is no other Than thy heathen brother In the ‘Land of Fire!’ What so cold is known As man’s heart of stone, Ere one beam from heaven Warmth and light have given, Kindling Sacred Fire! Though his heart be frozen, He whom God hath chosen, He the ice can melt – Thousands this have felt With His Word of Fire! Leslie, "Providence: or, the Early History of Three Barbarians" (1857, selección) 2 Samandrag I 1830, då det engelske skipet HMS Beagle med kaptein Robert Fitzroy saumfarte kysten langs Tierra del Fuego (Eldlandet) på sørspissen av det amerikanske kontinentet, vart plutseleg ein kvalbåt stolen av nokre innfødde. I jakta på dei skuldige freista Fitzroy å kidnappe tilfeldige urinnbyggjarar og halde dei som guidande gissel i håp om å få kvalbåten tilbake. Han innsåg etter fleire dagars leiting at det var fånyttes, men bestemte seg likevel for å halde fram med å ha tre av dei innfødde om bord i skipet, for han hadde så smått starta å leike med tanken på å utføre eit sosialt eksperiment. Ein siste innfødd vart frakta om bord i skipet, denne gongen tilsynelatande friviljug og attpåtil mot betaling av ein perlemorsknapp til ein onkel som var med han.
    [Show full text]
  • Humans on Parade Part One: the Plainer Truths of Christianity
    Last Word: Wilbur Norman Humans on Parade Part One: The plainer truths of Christianity Human history is full of examples where people quite like you and me in their genetic makeup but a bit unlike you and me in their morphology, that is, their looks (OK, many looked somewhat like me, if not like you!) had lives where they were not quite slaves in the classic sense but they were either ‘on show’ or were in most ways ‘owned,’ that is, captives (with all that this word implies.) Every empire and culture of dominance had these humans in thrall to the curiosity of their citizens even as late as the 1920s. The ancient Greeks had a particular fascination with “Ethiopians,” that is, any of the various black Africans coming from the very edge of the known world. It was the height of fashion to have one as a personal house slave because it put your social status on public display; Ethiopians were a lot more expensive than the common barbarians one had normal access to. Highlighting the danger of framing human relationships in light of modernity, I do not know with any certainty that racial prejudice was a factor in this servitude — you were Greek or you were not. If not, you were fair game for servitude and show. What was considered normal in ancient times, when practiced in more contemporary eras, strikes us as callous Greco-Roman terracotta vase in the form of an Ethiopian head. Courtesy Wilbur Norman. and inhumane according to any standard. But the display of during that long night of our existence known as pre-history, humans in the manner we display primates today, sans the that is, our comings and goings before the written word.
    [Show full text]
  • Conrad Martens : Journal of a Voyage from England to Australia Aboard HMS Beagle and HMS Hyacinth 1833-35
    University of Wollongong Research Online Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice- Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice- Chancellor (Education) - Papers Chancellor (Education) 1994 Conrad Martens : journal of a voyage from England to Australia aboard HMS Beagle and HMS Hyacinth 1833-35 Michael K. Organ University of Wollongong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/asdpapers Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Organ, Michael K.: Conrad Martens : journal of a voyage from England to Australia aboard HMS Beagle and HMS Hyacinth 1833-35 1994. https://ro.uow.edu.au/asdpapers/123 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Conrad Martens : journal of a voyage from England to Australia aboard HMS Beagle and HMS Hyacinth 1833-35 Abstract Conrad Martens (1801-78) is widely regarded as Australia's foremost watercolourist of the colonial period, having produced a large body of work whilst resident in New South Wales between 1835-78. His journal of a voyage from England to Australia during 1833-35 aboard HMS Beagle with Charles Darwin and HMS Hyacinth was for a long period catalogued as an `Anonymous Journal of a Voyage on board H.M.S. Hyacinth' in the collection of the Mitchell Library, Sydney (ML A429). However in 1993 it was identified as by Conrad Martens. This was a significant find as it also contained an account of Martens' time aboard His Majesty's sloop Beagle between 1833-4, forming an especially interesting addition to the archive of extant Beagle-related material which includes the diaries, journals, letters and published accounts of individuals such as Charles Darwin and Robert FitzRoy, along with the pictorial record of Martens, Augustus Earle and other amateur artists.
    [Show full text]
  • Richard Matthews 1811-1893
    Richard Matthews 1811-1893 Joseph and Richard Matthews were brothers, baptized in Deddington, December 6th, 1808 and October 13th, 1811 respectively. They both became missionaries to New Zealand and were two of the earliest European settlers there. According to the Deddington parish register, their parents were William and Isabella Matthews. There is, in my mind at least, some confusion over the identity of their mother. The parish register shows a William and Keziah baptizing their child Robert in 1806, then William and Isabella, followed by William and Elizabeth with a son William in 1814. William and Rizpah (Rizpha, Rispa etc.) followed on with children between 1816 and 1822, most significantly James Baker Matthews on January 13th, 1822. Finally there is an Elizabeth in 1824, daughter of William and Elizabeth. In the parish register there is only one baptism of a William Matthews of the appropriate age to be father of all these children, but I can find no marriages for him in the register, nor the burial of any of his wives. There is, however, a marriage between William Matthews and Rizpah Baker at Oxford St. Giles on September 30th, 1805. Although it seems improbable, that leads me to the conclusion that William only married once (vide the christening of James Baker Matthews in 1822) and that the entries in the Parish Register are all mistakes or mistranscriptions. One of the challenges of genealogical research ! The Parish Register only started including father’s occupation in birth entries from 1813. The baptisms after that date all describe William as a “Weaver.” When he was 21, Joseph Matthews spent 6 months training with the Church Missionary Society and was then sent to New Zealand to found a Mission Station at Kaitaia, in the far north of that country.
    [Show full text]
  • The Last Word: of the Crown
    on a daily basis: “weather forecast.” Even in this capacity he FitzRoy, dying a Vice-Admiral, never knew of the largesse Dropping anchor in the bay near where Jemmy Button had The Last Word: of the Crown. In 1865, suffering increasing depression and originally boarded the Beagle, FitzRoy set all three Fuegians FitzRoy, Darwin & the Fuegians ashore accompanied by Matthews, an English missionary. Part II: “They Pass Away Like Little Saints” ofmade his barometers,enemies, however. a hoisted Fishing cone fleet kept owners ships at resented dock when his patron-uncle, Viscount Castlereagh, had done some forty The ship’s crew unloaded the (useless) things the Fuegians therenew system were impending at the nation’s gale ports.force winds;Based upontime inthe port fluctuations was yearsfinancial before. pressures, he cut his throat with a razor just as his had brought from London, planted some seeds and erected NOTE: The previous article in this series on the human zoo owner revenue lost — sailors were expendable, ships always a few “wigwams.” On January 24th Jemmy’s brothers and ended at the moment Captain FitzRoy was about to return his insured. But, in Patagonia’s early summer, January 1833, this was mother showed up, having heard of his return through the three Fuegian wards to the sites of their capture in Tierra del all in the future. After the Beagle weathered a month-long local ‘grapevine.’ (The rapidity with which news traveled Fuego. Before continuing the tale let’s take a closer look at the storm, the worst in FitzRoy’s experience, he ordered three continually amazed the Europeans, as did the preemptory Beagle’s commander.
    [Show full text]
  • The VOYAGE of the BEAGLE by Charles Darwin
    CONTENTS 1 December 27, 1831—March 1832: England to Brazil 1 2 April—]uly 1832: Rio de janeiro, Brazil 13 3 July 1832: Maldonado, Uruguay 31 4 July—August 1833: Argentina: Rio Negro to Bahia Blanca 46 5 August—September 1833: Bahia Blanca 60 6 September 1833: Bahia Blanca to Buenos Aires 71 7 September—October 1833 : Buenos Aires to Santa Fe and Return 83 8 November 1833—]anuary 1834: Uruguay and The VOYAGE of the BEAGLE Patagonia 98 9 April 1834: The Santa Cruz River March 1834: The Falkland Islands 120 by Charles Darwin, 10 December 1832—February 1833 abridged and edited by Millicent E. Selsam February—March 1834: Tierra del Fuego 137 11 May—june 1834: Strait of Magellan to the Pacific 161 Harper's and Row, Publishers 12 July-September 1834: Central Chile 172 1959 13 November 1834-—]anuary 1835: Chiloe and the Chonos Islands 183 14 January—March 1835: Chiloe and Concepcion: Great Earthquake 194 15 March—April 1835: Valparaiso and Across the Andes 207 16 April—]une 1835: From Valparaiso to Lima, Peru 227 17 September—October 1835: The Galdpagos Islands 236 18 October-December 1835: Tahiti and New Zealand 261 19 January—March 1836: Australia and Tasmania 276 20 April 1836: Cocos Islands 290 21 April 29-October 2, 1836: Mauritius to England 305 INTRODUCTION TO CHAPTER ONE 2 The Voyage of the Beagle portunity of improving himself—an opportunity that, he said, December 27, 183l—March 1832 “I threw away whilst at Cambridge.” England to Brazil Darwin found the Beagle “most beautiful” and elegantly fitted out with mahogany.
    [Show full text]
  • Revisiting Darwin's Voyage by David C. Catling Charles Darwin's Voyage
    David C. Catling, Revisiting Darwin’s Voyage, in Darwin: For the Love of Science, A. Kelly et al., 2009, 280 pp. Revisiting Darwin’s Voyage by David C. Catling Charles Darwin’s voyage around the world from 1831 to 1836 on HMS Beagle is one of the greatest journeys of all time and arguably the most important scientific expedition ever, given how it changed our fundamental view of nature. My interest in revisiting the landfalls of this voyage was sparked by a conversation some years ago. A professor of English literature was boasting how students in the arts are directly exposed to the words of the great genius, be it Shakespeare or Dante, whereas science students rarely read great scientists directly. Who, after all, reads Newton’s impenetrable Latin tomes? I disagreed: Several notable scientists have left readable accounts of their work, and none more so than Darwin. Reminded of the many passages in the Voyage of the Beagle where Darwin paints eloquent pictures of the scenes he encountered, I started to wonder how much of Darwin’s world remains, almost 200 years later. What happened to the descendants of the various indigenous people that Darwin encountered? What are the changes in landscapes and biota? Despite the vast literature on Darwin, you will have difficulty finding answers to the above questions. To know for sure what has happened requires revisiting Darwin’s field locations – a considerable undertaking, even today.1 To place Darwin’s voyage in context, we must start with some background. After dropping out of medicine at the University of Edinburgh, Darwin took up theology at the University of Cambridge.
    [Show full text]