NORTH-WESTERN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 14 (1): 135-141 ©NWJZ, Oradea, Romania, 2018 Article No.: e174702 http://biozoojournals.ro/nwjz/index.html
Bat Research and Protection Conference [Conferinţa de Cercetarea şi Protecţia Liliecilor], 16-18 October 2015, Bălnaca, Romania
A review of the occurrence data of the pond bat (Myotis dasycneme) in its southern distribution range
Tamás GÖRFÖL1,2,*, Imre DOMBI2,3, Levente BARTI4, Szilárd BÜCS4, Csaba JÉRE4, Viorel POCORA5, Irina POCORA5, Farkas SZODORAY-PARÁDI4, Milan PAUNOVIĆ6, Branko KARAPANDŽA7 and István CSŐSZ4
1. Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, 1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13., Hungary. 2. Nature Conservation Foundation of Tolna County, 7100 Szekszárd, Szent István tér 10., Hungary. 3. Duna-Dráva National Park Directorate, 7625 Pécs, Tettye tér 9., Hungary. 4. Romanian Bat Protection Association, 440014 Satu Mare, Str. I.B. Deleanu Nr. 2, Romania. 5. Department of Zoology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, 700506 Iași, Bulevardul Carol I 11, Romania. 6. Natural History Museum, 11000 Belgrade, Njegoseva 51, Serbia. 7. Fauna C&M, 22304 Novi Banovci, Zemunska 19, Serbia. *Corresponding author, T. Görföl, E-mail: [email protected]
Received: 30. November 2016 / Accepted: 19. July 2017 / Available online: 27. July 2017 / Printed: June 2018
Abstract. The pond bat (Myotis dasycneme) is a Western Palearctic bat species with patchy distribution throughout its range as it heavily depends on large water bodies. In most countries in its range, it is a rare species, hence protected with several international conventions and national legislation. Besides a few scattered localities, almost no information is available about the southern part of its European distribution and its reproduction within this area. We review the data published on the pond bat in Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria and Bosnia-Herzegovina, and report several new occurrence data on the species, which is the result of an increased use of ultrasound-based methods and of greater research efforts. Also, we prove for the first time that the pond bat is successfully reproducing in Serbia, which is the southernmost breeding occurrence of the species in Europe. According to our findings, the species is more common in its southern distribution range than previously believed, and it may occur along most of the larger rivers in the Pannonian basin. As data suggests, it may also be present to the south of the Carpathian Mountains, however additional studies are needed to clarify the situation in that area.
Key words: distribution area, review, conservation, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Bosnia-Herzegovina
Myotis dasycneme (Boie, 1825) is a middle-sized representa- national nature conservation laws in EU member states. The tive of the trawling (large-footed) Myotis bats, and the largest species is protected and strictly protected in several coun- European species of this group. Like other trawling bats, the tries mostly in its western distribution range. pond bat regularly forages over large water bodies and cap- In the southern range of its European distribution, the tures its prey with its large feet. It migrates between summer occurrence of the species was confirmed in Austria by the and winter roosts which can be located at a distance of sev- capture of a female specimen near the Morava River in 2010 eral hundred km (Hutterer et al. 2005). In the western part of (Reiter et al. 2010). The species occurs mainly in the eastern its distribution range it’s almost exclusively a building- parts of Slovakia (Matis et al. 2000), but data from the west- dweller species (Dietz et. al. 2009), but beside buildings ern part of the country (Noga 2007) is also available. The (Ciechanowski et al. 2007, Vlaschenko et al. 2016), it can pond bat has one of the largest populations along the large roost in bridges (Kmiecik & Kmiecik 2015, own observa- river valleys of Danube and Tisza in Hungary (Dombi & tions), in caves (Karapandža & Paunović 2009, Pašić & Mu- Szatyor 2007). laomerović 2016) and also in trees (Ciechanowski et al. 2007, Due to the extended survey works and the penetration of Görföl & Dombi 2007), mainly in its Eastern European dis- the new methods (ultrasound recordings), many new occur- tribution range. rence data were collected during the last decade in the The pond bat occurs from northern France to north Ka- southern parts of the species’ distribution area: in the Bal- zakhstan and east to the River Yenisei in Central Siberia kans, north of the Balkans, as well as in the Carpathian (Dietz et al. 2009). Despite its wide range, it has a patchy dis- Mountains. Our main goal was to compile and critically tribution and whilst nine out of 16 underground hibernating evaluate all published data on the European distribution of bat species populations increased after a strong decline in the species south of Hungary (in Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia- the 20th century, the population of pond bat remained only Herzegovina, Romania and Bulgaria) and to present new stable in the period of 1993-2011 (Van der Meij et al. 2015). data on its distribution and reproduction. The pond bat is near threatened (NT) according to the IUCN Red List (Piraccini 2016). The species is included in Appen- Literature data were collected from five countries: Croatia, Serbia, dix II of the Bern Convention on the Conservation of Euro- Bosnia-Herzegovina, Romania and Bulgaria. In Serbia and Romania, pean Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Appendix II of the Bonn bat surveys were conducted mostly along the River Danube and in the southern regions of the Carpathian Mountains. Bats were cap- Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of tured with monofilament mist-nets or harp-traps at foraging sites or Wild Animals, in its Agreement on the Conservation of Bats roosting places. Captured bats were morphologically identified ac- in Europe (EUROBATS). In addition, the species is listed in cording to the field-keys of Dietz et al. (2009). Captured bats were Annex II and Annex IV of the EC Directive on the Conserva- handled according to the guidelines of Sikes et al. (2011). The species tion of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora (Lim- was also encountered during regular cave and mine visits in the pens et al. 2000, Limpens 2001) which is implemented in the course of winter censuses. Different types of bat detectors (Petters-
136 T. Görföl et al.
Figure 1. Distribution map of the pond bat (M. dasycneme) in its southern range (dot – winter census; square – detector; cross – mist-net; star – other (bone remains, skull, voucher)). Published records indicated with white and new records with black symbol.
son D240X and D500X, Batcorder and Tranquility) were used to col- occurrences were documented, especially after the 1990s. lect ultrasound recordings. Echolocation pulses were analyzed in New data. In 2014 we sampled several localities along BatSound 3.3 (Pettersson Elektronik AB) and Adobe Audition the Serbian part of the River Danube in Vojvodina Province. (Adobe Inc), calls were identified based on different guides (Lim- We recorded pond bats on all of the Serbian sampling pens 2001, Boonman et al. 2009, Pocora & Pocora 2012, Barataud 2015). points. Also, three specimens (one subadult and two post- Research was undertaken based on permits granted by compe- lactating adult females) were mist-netted on a breakwater in tent national authorities. For Romania, permits were the following: the River Danube at Čerević. This data proves the reproduc- nr. 17025/2014 from Romsilva – Iron Gates Natural Park, nr. tion of the species in Serbia for the first time. In Romania, as 01/2012, 33/2013, 97/20131, 19/2014, 210/2014, and 01/2015 from a consequence of the higher survey effort, the number of the Speleological Heritage Committee. For Serbia the research re- pond bat occurrences increased during the past few years. quired annual licenses for scientific research of the strictly protected Several new localities with the pond bat present were identi- species of mammals, incl. bats, issued by the responsible ministry of fied with different research methods. Mist-nettings were Serbia in the period of 2010-2017: nr. 353-01-1002/2010-03, 353-01- 1739/2011-03, 353-01-256/2012-03, 353-01-99/2013-08, 353-01- successful during the swarming period at cave entrances; the 786/2014-08, 353-01-1994/2014-17, 353-01-143/2016-17, 353-01- maximum number of captured pond bats was 11 on a single 2674/2016-17. night. All new data are presented in Table 1 and Figure 1. According to new data presented here, the pond bat is Literature review. In Bulgaria only a single individual of more common in the southern part of the Carpathian Basin pond bat was recorded foraging over the River Danube at and in the Southern Carpathians than previously believed. Ruse with a bat detector on 30.09.1999 (Limpens 2000, Fig. 1, The species is dispersed across Serbia and Romania. In Croa- Table 1). The species was found in Croatia for the first time tia the species was observed only in low numbers, in one hi- during the winter of 2000, in the mountainous area of the bernation site and several points on major rivers. It may Papuk National Park. Since then, only a few occurrences have a stable population on the River Drava, as two adult were published from near the River Drava and from the and a subadult male were mist-netted in Hungary only 1.3 Papuk NP (Pavlinić et al. 2010). In Serbia, the first record of km from the river (which is the border between the two the species originates from 1900 from the lake of Palić, countries), at a fish pond (Görföl & Dombi, unpublished Subotica, Vojvodina. The specimens were deposited in the data). Also, the Kopački Rit is the continuation of the Hun- Mammal Collection of the Hungarian Natural History Mu- garian Lower-Danube-valley’s floodplain forests, which sus- seum (Paszlavszky 1918). In the 1990s the species was re- tain a significant pond bat population (Görföl & Dombi, corded only a few times, by mist-netting and bat detector, 2007). mostly along the Serbian part of Sava River, as well as along With the short survey in 2014 along the Serbian part of the Danube River, in the vicinity of Belgrade. The only re- the River Danube, the pond bat was recorded at all sampling cord from Bosnia-Herzegovina is a single male specimen, points. Also, the reproduction of the species was proved. identified in 2016. It was mist-netted at the entrance of Sred- The results of this survey suggest that with greater effort, the nja Bijambarska Pećina Cave, at 950 m a.s.l. during the pond bat could be recorded also in several other locations in spring transitory period in May (Pašić & Mulaomerović Serbia. The search for breeding colonies in potentially ade- 2016). The first documented occurrence of the pond bat in quate buildings and forests along the Danube, Sava and Mo- Romania are the bone fragments found in 1911 in the Ianoș’s rava rivers is necessary to obtain more information about the cave, Anina (Kormos 1912, Barti 2005). Since then, several reproduction of the species in its southern range.
Table 1. Distributional data of pond bat (Myotis dasycneme) in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania and Serbia. Abbreviations: N – m: male, f: female; Locality – county names or their abbreviations in brackets, where available
# Lat Long Date N Method Locality Country Source 1 25,96 43,83 30.09.1999 1 detector over the River Danube at Ruse (Ruse) Bulgaria Limpens 2000 2 17,65 45,51 2000 10 winter census Uviraljka swallow hole, Papuk NP (VP) Croatia Tvrtković et al. 2001 3 18,17 45,77 2000 1 mist-net Donji Miholjac (OB) Croatia Tvrtković et al. 2001 2 17,65 45,51 2003 1 winter census Uviraljka swallow hole, Papuk NP (VP) Croatia Pavlinić et al. 2010 2 17,65 45,51 2005 2 winter census Uviraljka swallow hole, Papuk NP (VP) Croatia Pavlinić et al. 2010 2 17,65 45,51 2006 5 winter census Uviraljka swallow hole, Papuk NP (VP) Croatia Pavlinić et al. 2010 4 19,75 46,07 1900 2m,1f voucher Palić, Subotica (Vojvodina) Serbia Paszlavszky 1918 5 21,66 44,09 24.07.1997 1m mist-net Pećina Bela Sala cave, Strmosten (Despotovac) Serbia Karapandža & Paunović 2009 6 20,01 44,70 19.09.2001 detector River Sava at Kupinovo, Srem (Vojvodina) Serbia Karapandža & Paunović 2009 6 20,01 44,70 21.09.2001 detector River Sava at Kupinovo, Srem (Vojvodina) Serbia Karapandža & Paunović 2009 7 20,63 44,84 23.09.2001 detector mouth of River Tamis, Pančevo, Banat (Vojvodina) Serbia Karapandža & Paunović 2009 8 21,75 45,03 1911 bone remains Ianoș’s Cave, Anina (CS) Romania Kormos 1912, Barti 2005 9 22,55 46,82 1995- yearly max 15 winter census Leșu Cave (BH) Romania Szántó 2000, Borda 2002b, Nagy et al. 2003, 2005, Nagy & Postawa 2010, Bücs et al. 2012 10 22,67 46,91 1996, 1997 winter census Bulz Cave (BH) Romania Szodoray-Parádi 1998 11 23,61 46,79 12.1998 1 dead specimen reformed church of Cojocna (CJ) Romania Jére et al. 2005 12 22,77 46,53 28.10.1999 2 bone remains Coiba Mare Cave (AB) Romania Borda 2002a 13 21,67 46,91 16.06.2000 detector lakes near Cefa (BH) Romania Limpens 2000 14 21,97 47,04 17.06.2000 detector River Crișul Repede near Oradea (BH) Romania Limpens 2000 15 22,59 46,53 19.06.2000 1 bone remains Coliboaia Cave (BH) Romania Nagy et al. 2003, Nagy & Postawa 2010 16 21,74 46,83 07.07.2002 1m mist-net irrigation channel near Homorog (BH) Romania Uhrin et al. 2014 17 25,56 47,45 22.07.2003 2m mist-net Liliecilor Cave (SV) Romania Nagy et al. 2003, Chachula et al. 2008 18 27,64 47,08 24.02.2007 1 winter census Grota Mare Cave, Repedea (IS) Romania Pocora & Pocora 2007 19 29,43 45,31 01.07.2007 detector Merhei Lake, Danube Delta (TL) Romania Pocora & Pocora 2008 20 28,14 45,77 19.07.2007 1f mist-net Vlădești Lake (GL) Romania Pocora & Pocora 2007 21 22,39 46,83 02.08.2008 1m mist-net Vacii Cave from the Cuților Gorge (BH) Romania Willemsen & Thomassen 2009 22 22,39 46,84 03.08.2008 1f mist-net Ciur Izbuc Cave (BH) Romania Willemsen & Thomassen 2009 23 22,87 46,63 23.08.2008 1m mist-net Alunului Cave, Smida (BH) Romania Uhrin et al. 2014 24 21,86 45,20 05.08.2011 min 5 detector River Caraş, Caraşova (CS) Romania Uhrin et al. 2014 17 25,56 47,45 30.08.2013 1m mist-net Liliecilor Cave, Chiril (SV) Romania Uhrin et al. 2014 25 26,87 45,58 07.09.2014 1m mist-net stream in the Motnău valley, Motnău-Băi (VN) Romania Uhrin et al. 2014 26 22,27 46,95 2010, 2011, 2012 winter census Osoi Cave (BH) Romania Bücs et al. 2012 27 27,41 47,44 31.05.2011 detector Roșcani Lake (IS) Romania Pocora & Pocora 2012 28 27,41 47,44 13.05.2012 detector Roșcani Lake (IS) Romania Pocora & Pocora 2012
Continued on next page Table 1 (continued)
# Lat Long Date N Method Locality Country Source 29 27,23 47,32 25.05.2012 detector River Bahlui (IS) Romania Pocora & Pocora 2012 30 28,00 45,38 22.06.2011 detector River Prut (IS) Romania Pocora & Pocora 2012 31 18,50 44,09 13.05.2016 1m mist-net Srednja Bijambarska Pećina Cave Bosnia-Herzegovina Pašić & Mulaomerović 2016 32 19,04 45,54 13.06.2014 detector Danube bank, Sonta (Vojvodina) Serbia this article 33 19,11 45,50 13.06.2014 detector irrigation canal near the Danube, Bogojevo (Vojvodina) Serbia this article 34 19,07 45,48 13.06.2014 detector Danube bank, Labudnjača (Vojvodina) Serbia this article 35 19,76 45,21 14.06.2014 detector Danube bank, Susek (Vojvodina) Serbia this article 36 19,69 45,22 14.06.2014 detector Danube bank, Brazilija (Vojvodina) Serbia this article 37 19,54 45,23 14.06.2014 detector Danube bank, Rakovac (Vojvodina) Serbia this article 38 19,67 45,21 14.06.2014 3f mist-net breakwater in the River Danube at Čerević (Vojvodina) Serbia this article 39 20,70 44,71 16.06.2014 detector Danube bank, Ivanovo (Vojvodina) Serbia this article 40 20,91 44,69 16.06.2014 detector Danube bank, Pločica (Vojvodina) Serbia this article 41 22,52 46,89 01.02.2005 1 winter census Moanei Cave, Șuncuiuș (BH) Romania this article 42 26,78 47,13 24.07.2009 detector Siret river, Mogosești (IS) Romania this article 43 26,88 47,08 24.07.2009 detector Siret river, Mircești (IS) Romania this article 44 27,61 46,63 20.08.2009 detector Pușcași lake, Pușcași (VS) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 15.09.2009 5 mist-net Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 45 27,58 47,16 19.09.2009 detector the lake of the botanical garden, Iași (IS) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 05.01.2011 2 winter census Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 46 22,33 46,95 14.01.2011 1 winter census Osoi nr. 2 cave, Vârciorog (BH) Romania this article 47 22,36 46,84 02.02.2011 1 winter census lower mine, Cheile Albioarei, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 22.02.2011 7 winter census Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 46 22,33 46,95 26.02.2011 1 winter census Osoi nr. 2 cave, Vârciorog (BH) Romania this article 47 22,36 46,84 14.03.2011 2 winter census lower mine, Cheile Albioarei, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 48 22,37 46,85 15.03.2011 4 winter census upper mine, Cheile Albioarei, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 49 27,69 47,29 22.06.2011 detector Prut river, Medeleni (IS) Romania this article 50 21,92 46,76 27.06.2011 detector River Crișul Negru, Tinca (BH) Romania this article 51 22,52 46,64 07.09.2011 1 mist-net Ferice cave, Ferice (BH) Romania this article 52 24,69 46,14 17.09.2011 1 winter census Bethlen castle, Criş (MS) Romania this article 53 22,55 46,82 09.01.2012 6 winter census Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 54 22,46 46,93 11.01.2012 3 winter census Bătrânului Cave, Zece hotare (BH) Romania this article 55 22,52 46,89 11.01.2012 1 winter census Lesiana Cave, Șuncuiuș (BH) Romania this article 47 22,36 46,84 12.01.2012 1 winter census lower mine, Cheile Albioarei, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 56 22,37 46,89 20.03.2012 1 winter census Viduța nr. 1 cave, Dobrești (BH) Romania this article 57 22,98 47,95 07.05.2012 detector Porumbeşti Lake, Porumbești (SM) Romania this article 58 27,6 47,15 21.05.2012 detector Veneția Lake, Iași (IS) Romania this article
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Table 1 (continued)
# Lat Long Date N Method Locality Country Source 59 27,63 47,16 21.05.2012 detector Chirița Lake, Iași (IS) Romania this article 60 27,4 47,16 25.05.2012 detector Cucuteni Lake, Iași (IS) Romania this article 61 26,75 47,23 04.06.2012 detector Siret Lake, Pașcani (IS) Romania this article 62 26,75 47,24 04.06.2012 detector Siret River, Pașcani (IS) Romania this article 63 23,28 47,88 07.06.2012 detector Călineşti Lake, Călineşti (SM) Romania this article 64 24,261 45,61 19.06.2012 detector Olt River, near Turnu Roșu (SB) Romania this article 65 22,94 47,94 08.07.2012 detector Bercu Lake, Bercu (SM) Romania this article 66 22,98 47,94 12.07.2012 detector Porumbeşti Lake, Porumbeşti (SM) Romania this article 67 24,58 45,79 19.07.2012 detector Olt River, near Cârța (SB) Romania this article 68 27,5 47,3 08.2012 detector Jijia River, Cârniceni (IS) Romania this article 69 27,41 47,16 08.2012 detector Bahlui River, Lețcani (IS) Romania this article 70 27,36 47,18 08.2012 detector BahluiRiver, Banu (IS) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 21.08.2012 11 mist-net Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 15.09.2012 1 mist-net Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 07.01.2013 9 winter census Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 47 22,36 46,84 09.01.2013 3 winter census lower mine, Cheile Albioarei, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 48 22,37 46,85 09.01.2013 1 winter census upper mine, Cheile Albioarei, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 71 27,86 45,5 30.05.2013 detector Independența, Independența (GL) Romania this article 72 22,81 46,66 01.07.2013 1 skull Humpleu Cave, Doda Pilii (CJ) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 03.08.2013 3 mist-net Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 73 22,49 46,84 10.09.2013 3 mist-net Întorsuri Cave, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 12.12.2013 2 winter census Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 74 23,46 46,38 15.12.2013 1 winter census Huda lui Papară Cave, Sălciua de Sus (AB) Romania this article 75 22,66 46,55 12.02.2014 3 winter census Varseci cave, Pietroasa (BH) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 07.01.2015 9 winter census Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 76 22,42 46,81 15.01.2015 1 winter census Farcu Cave, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 77 22,61 44,87 10.02.2015 1 winter census Mare de la Baltă Cave, Balta (MH) Romania this article 78 21,70 44,72 12.02.2015 2 winter census mine, Moldova Nouă (CS) Romania this article 79 21,78 44,89 12.02.2015 4 winter census Dubova Cave, Cărbunari (CS) Romania this article 80 21,73 44,73 12.02.2015 3 winter census Gaura Haiducească Cave, Moldova Nouă (CS) Romania this article 81 21,88 45,08 13.02.2015 9 winter census Buhui Cave, Anina (CS) Romania this article 82 22,49 46,84 10.03.2015 2 winter census Ferigi Cave, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 25.03.2015 13 winter census Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article 82 22,49 46,84 27.08.2015 2 mist-net Ferigi Cave, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 73 22,49 46,84 27.08.2015 4 mist-net Întorsuri Cave, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 47 22,36 46,84 09.09.2015 1 mist-net lower mine, Cheile Albioarei, Roșia (BH) Romania this article 9 22,55 46,82 10.09.2015 2 mist-net Leșu Cave, Remeți (BH) Romania this article
140 T. Görföl et al.
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