DR GANDA SINGH

HISTORIAN OF THE

HARBANS SINGH

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SHIROMANI PRABANDHAK COMMITTEE AMRITSAR RITIKA

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MANI GURDWARA PRABANDHAK COMMITTEE AMRITSAR MARCH, 28 1964

Printed by Pritam Singh Chahil at the Manjit Printing & Publishing Co., Chandiaarh, Prabandhak Committee, Amntsar. Dr Ganda Singh's is the most honoured name in Sikh learning today. He has done more than any other scholar Sikh November 15, 1901, at Hariana, an ancient town in , Dr Ganda Singh has been guided throughout his life by one single impulse, one sole purpose of researching and re-writing the history of the Sikhs. With uncommon zeal and energy, he gave himself to his chosen task and achieved an identity with his literary engagement which is rare among Punjabi scholars Over the years, his work has been dearer to him than anything else. He has allowed nothing to lure him away from it. Nor has he succumbed to any difficulties or trials of which he has seen many in his life. He has remained indifferent to fame and prospects of material advancement and scrupulously shunned the limelight. There is, altogether, a touch of nobility about the selfless and studious way Dr Ganda Singh has dedicated himself to the calling of his seeking. first of this centurv stirred vouns Ganda Sin turned to reading Sikh literature. The stories of Sikh >es of the 18th centurv—their spirit of bold adventure and 1

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their brave deeds and sacrifices—made a deep impression on his imagination. This was the origin of his interest in Sikh history. The liberating impulse generated by the Singh Sabha, the Sikh renaissance movement, excited his spirit of enquiry and gave a critical bias to his study of Sikh history. A deeply embedded streak of adventure, tough physique and strong, indomitable character were other constituents of the equipment of the future historian of the .

He interrupted his studies at Forman Christian College at to join the army in the Third Afghan War. He saw action in Mesopotamia in World War I and had his thigh torn with a bullet shot. Through an erroneous marking, the letter which arrived back in home—Pur Hiran, District Hoshiarpur— showed him as "dead". Recovering from his wounds, he came to his village a few months later. The hour was late and his knocking at the door of his house did not sound to the inmates an earthy phenomenon. He was not let in. Spreading out his rug on the bullock-cart in the Haveli, he slept out the night as well as he would have done in the most comfortable of beds.

He went back to Mesopotamia and, thence, to Iran. In the latter country, where he spent nine years, he came in touch with Sir Arnold T. Wilson, then engaged on his Bibliography of Persia. Sir Arnold encouraged his literary interests and introduced him to English journals and societies devoted to oriental studies. Ganda Singh reviewed for some of these books on Indian themes.

2 In Iran, he started building up his private library, which, today, is perhaps the largest collection under a single roof of material on the history of the Sikhs. He purchased books from all parts of the world and undertook tours of England and other European countries where he visited museums and bookstores.

He published his first book, My First Thirty Days in Mesopotamia, which was in English, while he was in Iraq. His next two books, Inkishaf-i-Haqiqat and Sikhi Parchar were * in Urdu and Punjabi, respectively. The urge to take up his- torical research in a more systematic manner brought him back to in 1930. His object was to collaborate with who had done valuable pioneer work in the line and who, by his impassioned writings, had aroused considerable interest in the study and investigation of Sikh history. But before Dr Ganda Singh could meet him, the latter had died. Dr Ganda Singh settled down in Lahore and joined the Phulwari, a journal * devoted to Punjabi letters and history. Soon after, he was offered a teaching and research appoint­ ment at the College at Amritsar. The college had just started a Sikh History Research Department which was placed in his charge. This was the beginning of a most fruitful period

* of his career. Starting from scratch, he built the Research Department of the Khalsa College into a leading institution of its kind in the country. He equipped it with the rarest i books and manuscripts. His summer holidays every year he spent travelling in the country collecting for his college material bearing on the history of the Punjab.

3 His first major work was a biography, in English, of . It was a piece of meticulous historical writing, marked by precision of detail and authenticity of evidence based on original and contemporary sources of information. This showed Dr Ganda Singh's wide historical learning and per- spective. A few more biographies, equally well documented, followed. Two of these, Maharaja Kama Mall and Sham Singh Atariwala, were in Punjabi. Ahmad Shah Durrani, a doctoral thesis in English, was subsequently published by Asia Publishing House.

The scope of his activity widened when he joined PEPSTJ Government as Director of Archives. He stayed at the post until his retirement from service in 1956. He edited volumes of government records and wrote several books. A very remarkable publication was Private Correspondence Relating to the Anglo-Sikh Wars (1955). In this book was collected a voluminous mass of letters written by English army and poli­ tical officers dealing with events preparatory to the annexation of the Sikh dominions. In the light of the evidence thus assembled, the story of the subjugation of the Punjab stripped itself of the smoke-screen which had till then surrounded it and of the glib simplifications of the British writers of history text-

* books. To this correspondence Dr Ganda Singh contributed a long Introduction which revealed the range of his historical erudition and his power of cogent reasoning. The British thesis on the subject was finally demolished.

Critical discrimination is a characteristic of Dr Ganda Singh's intellectual discipline. With this he combines an ex- 4

i traordinary capacity for marshalling historical facts and a conscientious regard for truth. His patience and industry are prodigious and his archival sense absolutely immaculate. His prose, both English and Punjabi, is businesslike and straight­ forward, without any decorative frills, and his narrative has a simple charm and vigour about it. Dr Ganda Singh's contribution to the study of Sikh history is unique in several ways. In some fields his work is of a pioneering nature. Several of his published books are acknowledged as the most authoritative on the subjects they deal with. On certain periods of the history of the Punjab such as the 18th century and part of the 19th, especially the Anglo-Sikh Wars, he should be the most knowledgeable of scholars. Another criterion by which Dr Ganda Singh's achievement will be judged by the present and the coming generations is the spadework he has done—the amount of new material he has unearthed and brought to light. Apart from his work, Dr Ganda Singh's personality exacts both admiration and reverence. His spirit of devotion and self-effacement, and his deep humility, truthfulness and courage are endearing traits. A man of strict rectitude himself, he is always magnanimous in judging others. A crisis brings out his native love of adventure. He would automatically assume a position of command in such a situation and spare himself no risk or hazard in performing whatever duty he might be called upon to undertake. An unusual amalgam of scholar and man of action, Dr Ganda Singh has achieved a remarkable balance between his natural enthusiasms and powers of mental detach­ ment. This gives him his scholarly poise, without denuding him of his human qualities. 5 » SOME OF HIS PUBLICATIONS

ENGLISH AND FRENCH : His Life and Teach­ ings. Sikh Missionary Tract So­ BOOKS ciety, Singapore, 1940. A Short Life-Sketch of Banda Singh, Nanak-Panthis : The Sikhs and the Martyr, popularly known as of the Seventeenth Cen­ Banda Bahadur. Khalsa College, tury, as given in Mohsin Fani's Amritsar, 1934. Dabistan-i-Mazahib. Journal i f Life of Banda Singh Bahadur. Khalsa Indian History, August, 1940. College, Amritsar, April, 1935. A History of the Khalsa College Amritsar Detachment of the Punjab Lahore, from its origin to Novem­ University Officers Training Corps, ber, 1935. December, 1935. I.T.F. Khalsa College, Amritsar, Maharaja: : First 1949. Death Centenary Memorial Volume, A History of the Khalsa College, edited in collaboration with Prof. Amritsar. 1949. . Khalsa College, Amrit­ >f Vol.1 sar, 1939. (1469-1765) (In Collaboration with Maharaja Ranjit Singh. A life- Sardar Teja Singh). Orient Long­ sketch. Pub. Author, Amritsar, mans, Bombay, 1950. 1939. The Punjab in 1839-40 : Selections Qazi Nur Muhammad's Jang Namah, from the Punjab Akhbars, Punjab giving an account of the seventh Intelligence, etc. Sikh History Indian invasion of Ahmad Shah Society, Amritsar, Patiala, 1952. Durrani (1764-65). Khalsa College, The Patiala and the East Punjab Amritsar, 1939. States Union Historical Back­ Louis Bourquin, un Francais au ground. Patiala, 1951. service des Mahrattes Premiere Par- A Bibliography of the Patiala and tie Les Memoires Shir-o-Shakar de EPS Union. Patiala, 1954. Daya Ram, traduits de l'original Private Correspondence relating to the Persan, publies avec une introduc­ Anglo-Sikh Wars. Sikh History tion par Edmond Gaudart. Lib- Society, Amritsar, Patiala, 1955. rarie Earnest Leroux, Paris, Biblio- The British Occupation of the Punjab. theque Publique, Pondichery, 1940. Sikh History Society, Patiala, 1955.

7 A Brief Account of the Sikh People. PAPERS Sikh History Society, Patiala, 1956. Also translated into Marathi, Bhai Gurdas : His Life and Work. Poona, 1963. The Khalsa, Lahore, March 23 to The National Anthem of India. Ro­ August 10, 1930. tary Club, Patiala, 1957. Maharaja Ranjit Singh as seen by Ahmad Shah Durrani. Asia Pub­ historians. The Khalsa, Lahore, lishing House, Bombay, 1959. June 25, 1931. The Sikhs and Sikhism. Sikh His­ The Pledge of the Sikh Army taken tory Society, Patiala, 1959. on the eve of their departure to A Diary of the Partition Days 1947. the Sutlej in 1845 for the first Reprinted from JIH, April and Anglo-Sikh War. The Khalsa Re­ August, 1960. view, August 11, 1932 ; The Khalsa History of the Origin and Progress te Khalsa Advocate, Amritsar, of the • Sicks by James Browne August 13, 1932. (1788), edited. Indian Studies Past Sikh Historical Monuments and Need and Present, Calcutta, 1961. for their Preservation : The Kh. Early European Accounts of the Sikhs, Rev., January 22, 1933. edited and annotated. Indian Maharaja Ranjit Singh's Birth-place. Studies Past and Present, Calcutta, The Civil and Military Gazette, 1962. Oct. 4, 1935, and November 23, Bibliography ofPanjabi Language and 1935. Literature (to form a part of vo­ His Highness Maharaja Jagatjit lume III of the National Biblio­ Singh of Kapurthala. The Darbar, graphy of Indian Literature). Sa- Amritsar, Nov. 1937. hitya Akademi, New . The Teachings of Guru Nanak. The A Bibliography of the Panjab : An Darbar, Amritsar, Nov., 1937 ; analytical list of manuscripts, The Amrit, Delhi, Vol. 1, Novem­ books and papers, bearing on the ber, 1950. Panjab, with particular reference His Highness Sir Bhupendra Singh of to the Sikhs, arranged authorwise, Patiala. The Darbar, March, 1938. under different languages (Indian Contemporary Sources of Sikh His­ and foreign), with the names of tory. Proc. Ind. Hist. Congress, publishers and places and dates of 2nd Session, Allahabad ; The Dar­ publication. In case of manu­ bar, Amritsar, Nov. 1938. scripts, it gives the names of Maharani J ind Kaur of Lahore. The libraries, and their respective cata­ Illustrated Weekly of India, Bom­ logue reference numbers under bay, January 22, 1939 ; The Khalsa which they may be consulted. te Khalsa Advocate, Amritsar, Where the titles of works are not January 10, 1939 ; The Darbar, indicative enough, details of some Amritsar, January, 1939. of the contents are also given. Duleep Singh. A letter addressed (In Press — Punjabi University, to the Editor, the Statesman, Delhi, Patiala, 1964.) saying that Maharaja Ranjit Singh Some Confidential Papers of the had no daughter and Duleep Singh, Akali Movement. SGPC, Amritsar, his son, had no sister. September 1964. 11, 1939. The Persian Akhbars in the Alienation Mahamahopadhyaya Prof. Datto V. Office, Poona. Proc. Indian His­ Potdar Commemoration Volume, torical Records Commission (Cal­ Poona, 1950. cutta), Vol. XVI, 1939. Contribution of Pat ia la to the History The Maratha-Sikh Treaty of 1785. of India. The Amrit, Delhi, June, Proc. Ind. Hist. Cong. (Calcutta), 1951. 1939. PEPSU'S Cultural Heritage : Sir Charles Wilkins' Observations Growth of Sikh Religion in the on the Sikhs and their College at Union. The Tribune, April 20, Patna. The Darbar, February, 1952 ; Spokesman, Delhi, April, 30, 1940. 1952 ; the Hindustan Times, April, - The Arrest and Release of Sardar 1952. Lehna Singh Majithia. Proc. Ind. Ahmad Shah : The Man and His Hist. Cong. (Lahore), 1940. Achievements. The Afghanistan, The Last Days of . Kabul, January-February-March, Journal of Ind. History, Vol. XX, 1953. Part I, Serial No. 58, April, 1941 ; Three Letters of Maharani Jind Kaur. The Bar bar, May-June, 1941. The Tribune, Ambala, April 12, 19, Muslim Relics with the Sikh Rulers 1953. of Lahore. Proc. Ind. Hist. Cong. Jassa Singh Day. A Note on Sar- (Aligarh), 1943. dars and The Akhbarat-i-Lahaur-o-Multan Jassa Singh Ramgarhia not assum­ (The Second Anglo-Sikh War of ing the title of Maharaja. The 1848-49 : A Misnomer). Proc. Tribune, July 11, 1953. Ind. Hist. Records Comm., Vol. Who Founded Kapurthala (State) ? XXI. (Udaipur), 1944. The Tribune, August 9, 1953. The Zafar-Namah. The Khalsa, Sardar Jassa Singh and the Kapurthala Lahore, February 2, 1947. Farmans. The Tribune, Ambala, The Minorities in Pakistan. The August 25, 1953. Khalsa, March 30, 1947. Panjaur. The Tribune, the Hindu­ The Koh-i-Nur, under the heading stan Standard, January 26, 1954. Travelled'. The C. and M.G., The Patiala Archives and Museum. Lahore, May 1, 1947. The Tribune, August 15, 1953 ; the Jinnah's Policy. The Punjab Times, March of India, March-April, 1954. Amritsar, November 12, 1947. Bhai Vir Singh as Scholar of History. Punjab News in the Akbhar-i-Darbar- Bhai Vir Singh Abhinandan Granth. i-MxCalla. Proc. L H. R. C. (Jai­ New Delhi, 1954. pur), Vol. XXIV, 1948. Sirhind. The Advance (Monthly), Genocide in the Punjab : Who is Ambala, June, 1955. Responsible for it ? The Khalsa, The Panjab's Struggle for Freedom Delhi, Nov. 21, 1940. through the Ages. The Advance Some Correspondence of Maharaja (Monthly), August, 1955. Duleep Singh. Proc. I.H.R.C. The : Symbol of (Delhi), 1948, Vol. XXV ; JIH, Piety and Heroism—How Sikhism Vol. XXVII, Part I. No. 79, April, changed the Psychology of the 1949. People. The Indian National Early Maratha-Sikh Relations. Congress Sixty-first Session, Amrit- sar Souvenir. February, 1956. April, 1961 ; The Missionary, Delhi, Bhai Vir Singh and Sikh History. No. 7, April-June, 1961 ; Spokes­ The Sikh Review, Calcutta, Sep­ man, Baisakhi Number (April 13), tember, 1956. 1961. Martyrs of the X/nas Week. The Bhai . The Spokesman, Tribune, December 25, 1956 ; {The May 29, 1961 ; Sikh Review, De­ Boy Martyrs of Sirhind) the Sikh cember, 1961. Review, December, 1957. The "Panjab" controversy (Objec­ "Tera Ghar Mera Asai" (Youi House tive Description of Kangra Paint­ is My Own). The Spokesman, ings). Tribune, May 20, 1963; May Delhi, January 8, 1957. 26, 1963. Sikh Coins. The Tribune, Ambala, Patiala. The Patiala (Khalsa Col­ August 8, 1957. lege Patiala Magazine, 1962-63), The Indian Mutiny of 1857 and the Patiala, 1963. Sikhs. The Tribune, Ambala, The Sikhs : An Historical Back­ August 15, 1957 ; the Spokesman, ground. A paper read at the con­ Delhi, August 12-19, 1957. ference on Sikhism and Christianity The 1857 Uprising and the Sikhs. at the Baring Union Christian The Tribune, Ambala, October 6, College, , on October 1, 1963. 1957; JIH, April 1961. Introducing the • Panjab. The The Origin of Hindu-Sikh Tension. . Advance, Chandigarh, January- The Spokesman, Delhi, October 21, March, 1964. 1957; JIH, April, 1961. Ranjit Singh. A note regarding PANJABI Faqir Aziz-ud-Din being for some BOOKS time the Prime Minister of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The Tribune, Janu­ Sikhi Parchar (Spread of Sikhism). ary 21, 1958. Published by the author (Abadan, Aziz-ud-Din. A note saying that Persian Gulf), August, 1928. Faqir Nur-ud-Din, brother of Faqir Sikh Itihas (History of the Sikhs). Aziz-ud-Din, was also a State Khalsa Tract Society, Amritsar, Physician and Head of the Depart­ 1932. * ment of Medical Services (Unani Kujh Ku Puratan Sikh Itihasik Patre. System) in addition to other duties. Amritsar, 1937. Contains trans­ The Tibune, February 25, 1958. lations of portions dealing with the Swami Keshwananda , (September 1, Sikhs from the original Persian 1955). Swami Keshwananda Abhi- of : nandan Grantha, March, 1958. Dabistan-i-Mazahib by Mohsin Fani Transformtion of the Sikhs into Tuzuk-i-Jehangiri by Jahangir Singhs. The Spokesman, Baisakhi Siyar-ul-Mutakherin by Ghulan Number, 1958. Hussain Khan Colonel Poller's Account of the Sikhs. Jameh-ut-Tawarikh by Qazi Faqir Journal of the Asiatic Society, Cal­ Muhammad cutta, Vol. I. No. 1, 1959, issued Khulasa-tu-Tawarikh by Sujan Rai May, 1961. Bhandari Banda Singh Bahadur : A Baptised Early Records of British India by Singh. The Sikh Review, Calcutta, J. T. Wheeler (English). Baintan Sher Singh Kian by Nihal Maharaja Ranjit Singh as Seen by Singh, edited and annotated. Am­ Others ritsar, February, 1938. The Sons of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Maharaja Kaura Mall Bahadur. Steel Helmet and the Sikhs Khalsa College, Amritsar, 1942. A Pledge of the Sikh Army, 1845 Sardar Sham Singh Atariwala. Am- A Bibliography of Sikh History ritsar, 1942, 1948 Panjab Dian Varan (Ballads of the Panjab). Amritsar, 1946. Con­ Kukian di Vithia (A History of the tains the following ballads : Kukas or Namdharis). Amritsar, Aggra's Var Haqiqat Rai 1944, 1946. Daya Singh's Fateh Nama Sikh Itihas Bare. Amritsar, 1942, Ram DayaFs Jang Nama Sardar 1946. Contains historical papers on: Hari Singh 's Matryrdom Qadar Yar's Var Sardar Hari Singh A Namah of Guru Gobind Nihal Singh, Baintan Sher Singh Singh Kian The Last days of Guru Gobind Shah Muhammad, Angrezan te Singh Singhan di Larai The real name of Baba Banda Kalian Singh, Jang Nama Lahaur Nadir Shah's invasion of India Matak, Jang Singhan te Farangian The First Holocaust (Ghalughara) da of 1746 Sidh Jin and Mir Lagam's Jattan An Act of Bravery by Ranjit Singh Dian Varan The Lion of the Panjab : Maharaja Sikh Itihasik Yadgaran. Sikh His­ Ranjit Singh tory Society, Amritsar, 1950. The Meeting at Ropar between Var Amritsar ki by Darshan, edited Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Lord and annotated. Sikh History So­ William Bentinck ciety, Amritsar, 1951. The deaths of Maharaja Kharak Amar Nama, translated into Panjabi. Singh and Kanwar Nau-Nihal Sikh History Society, Amritsar, Singh Patiala, 1953. Some New Light on the Treaty of Afgl Mah Sikh Bharowal History Society, Patiala, 1954. Maharani Jind Kaur Panjab utte Angrezan da Qabza. Three Letters of Maharaja Duleep Panjabi Sahit Akademi, Ludhiana, Singh 1955, 1957. Letters of Guru Gobind Singh and Afghanistan da Safar. Prakash and Chhatrapati Shivaji Coy., New Delhi, 1958, 1960. Sikh Itihas Wal. The Panj Darya, Mahatma Yisu Masih da Pahari Lahore, 1946. Contains historical uppar Updesh. Patiala, 1958, 1959. papers on : Panjab ate Panjab de Itihasik As than. The Land of the Five Rivers Chapters on the geography and his­ History of the Sikhs tory of the Panjab (Sapt-Sindhu— The Martyrs' Week Panjab) and the historical and Ten so-called Successors of Guru religious places of the state Gobind Singh (Itihasik ate Dharmik Asthan) Banda Singh Bahadur contributed to the Panjab. Lan­ The Maratha-Sikh Treaty of 1785 guage Department, Patiala, 1960. 11 Bhai Jodh Singh (Bhai Jodh Singh Bhai Bota Singh di Shahidi. The Abhinandan Granth). Khalsa Amrit, March, 1933. College, Patiala, Panjabi Sahit Shahidi Sata. Khalsa Tract Society, Akademi, Ludhiana, 1962. Amritsar, Tract No. 883, July, 1933. Panjab 1849-1960. (Bhai Jodh Singh Maharaja Ranjit Singh di Santan. Abhinandhan Granth) Khalsa Khalsa Tract Society, Amritsar, College, Patiala, Panjabi Sahit 1934. Akademi, Ludhiana, 1962. Guru Go bind Singh Da khan Nun Kion Gaye. The Sikh Sewak, PAPERS Amritsar, January 11, 1935. Maharaja Kaura Mall Bahadur. The Sikh Dharmik ate Itihasik Sahitya (A Likhari, Amritsar, May-September, Bibliography of Sikh Religion and 1937. History). Sikh Itihasik Number of Sikh Itihas. The Phulwari, Lahore, the Phulwari, Amritsar, December, January, 1928 ; The Khalsa te 1929-January, 1930. Khalsa Advocate, Amritsar, Janu­ Iraq-Arab ate Iran wich Guru ary 25, 1938. Nanak dharamavalambi Subi te Maharaja Dalip Singh dian Do Abid. Akali te Pardesi, November, Chitthian. The Panj Darya, 25, 1931 ; Khalsa te Khalsa Advo­ Lahore, November, 1939. cate, November 21, 1931. Guru Govind Singh da Ik Hukam Maharaja Ranjit Singh di S ant an Nama. The Panj Darya, Lahore, sambandhi glial at bianian di tar did. October, 1940. Reprinted from the Khalsa Kujh ku Khuni Patre. The Panjabi Samachar, Amritsar, May 5, 1932. Duniya, Patiala, March, 1950. Shahidi Hafta. Sikh Sewak, Am­ Nanak Shahi te Khalsa Sammat. The ritsar, January 3, 1933. Parkash, Patiala. Sikh Itihasik Yadgaran di Sambhal. Ik Itihasik Ghatnavali. The Itihasik Khalsa Advocate, Amritsar, Feb­ Pattar, Vol. 1, pt. IV, 1950. ruary 25, and March 5, 1933. Afghanistan de Hindu Sikh. The Itihas Shahidganj, Lahore : A series Parkash, Patiala, November 1, of 10 articles in the Gur-Sewak, Am­ 1952. ritsar, September 18 to November, Patiala Union wich Sahit-rachna. The 27, 1935. Also in the Khalsa Advo­ Jiwan Preety, Patiala, May, 1953. cate, Amritsar. Translated from Sada Qaumi Git. Panjabi transla­ English by Giani Nahar Singh. tion, by Pritam Singh Chahil, of the Itihas Shahidganj Agitation. A series ''National Anthem of India". The of 12 articles in the Gur-Sewak, Jiwan Preety, Patiala, October, 1957. Amritsar, December 11, 1935 to Shri Sivaji di Mirza Raja Jai Singh de March 18, 1936. Translated from naon Chitthi. Jiwan Preety, Patiala, English by Giani Nahar Singh. April, 1959. Also published in the Khalsa Advo­ Qissa Afghanistan ate Sayyad Mur- cate, Amritsar. taza Shah walon Angreazn di Sewa Suramgati da Ik Saka. The Phul­ da ha] by Sayyad Abul Hasan wari, January, 1933 ; the Chandan, Shah, edited and annotated. Jiwan Mandlay, June 13, 1939 ; the Amrit, Preety, August, 1959. Amritsar, March, 1942. Sain Sahib Jawahar Mall ate Baba

• 2 Balak Singh (Notes of Bhagat Contains : Lakshman Singh). Jiwan Preety, (i) Battle of Multan, the Conquest August, 1961. of Kashmir and the Annexation Pustak 'Panjab' de virodh di chhan- of Mankera by Maharaja Ranjit bin. The Kundan, Jullundur, June 5, Singh; 1963 ; Inqilab, Patiala, June 5, (ii) Account of the Panjab from 12, 19, 1963; Jiwan Preety, Patiala, after the murder of Dhian Singh July, 1963. up to the Hazara Affair. Shah Namah-i-Ranjit Singh by Maulvi Ahmad Yar, edited. Sikh History Society, Amritsar, 1951. URDU AND PERSIAN KuIliyat-i-Bhai Nand Lai Goya, con­ taining all the known Persian and BOOKS Panjabi works of Bhai Nand Lai, Inkishaf-i-Haqiqat. Sikh Tract So­ edited, with an Introduction in ciety, Lahore, 1926. Urdu. Sikh Sangat Malacca Tazkirah-i-Baba Banda Singh Shahid. (Malaya), July, 1963. Sikh Youth League, Amritsar, June, 1934. PAPERS Mirat-u-Tawarikh-i-Sikhany Fahrist- i-Nusakh~i-Khatti~o-Matbuat-i-Farsi Guru Gobind Singh ka Sajar, 1937. o-Urdu Mufaliqa Tawarikh-i-Sikhan: Sikh aur Fauladi Khod. The Ajit% A list of Persian and Urdu Manu­ Amritsar, April 27, 1940 ; the scripts and Books on the Sikhs. Sacha Sajjan, Amritsar, May 1. Khalsa College, Amritsar, January, 1940. 1934. Guru Gobind Singh ke Akhri Ayyam. Diwan-i-Nanak Shah : Persian The A jit, Amritsar, December, 28, translation of the Sukhmani of 1943. Guru Arjun (translated from the Banda Singh Bahadur ke Mufalliq copy in the Bibliotheque Nationale, Chand Ek Aham Baten. The Sher- Paris, by Sardar Umrao Singh Sher- i-Panjab, Lahore, January 30, 1944. Gil Majithia), edited and published. Akhbar~i- Darbari-i-Muy alia men Amritsar, August, 1935. Sikhon ka Zikar. The Sher-i-Pan- Makhiz-i-Tawarikh-i-Sikhan, Vol. 1 jab, Lahore, April 13, 1945. (Guru period). Sikh History So­ Panjab ka Ghalughara. The Sher-i- ciety, Amritsar, 1949. Bharaty Amritsar, 1948. Mukhtasar Nanak Shahi Jantri ; A Aurangzeb ke Nam Guru Gobind Singh book of Comparative Chronologi­ ji ka ek Tarikhi Khat. The Sheri-i- cal Tables of the Nanak Shahi, the Bharat, Amritsar, January 4, 1948. Khalsa, the Bikrami, the Christian, ki Shahadat. The the Hijri, the Shaka and the Fasli Ajit9 Jullundur, December 16, 1953. eras from 1469 to 1949 A.D. Sikh Maharaja Dalip Singh ka prashchit. History Society, Amritsar, 1949. Sher-i-Panjab, Delhi, Annual, 1955. Awraq-i-Parishan-i-Tawarikh-i-Panjab, Sirhind men Sahibzadon ki Shahadat. edited and annotated. Sikh His- Sher-i-Panjab, Delhi. Guru Nanak _ _ * tory Society, Amritsar, January, Number, 1958. 1949. AND MARA THI Jiwan Birtant. Khalsa Pracharak Jatha, Delhi, December, 1930. BOOKS Sikh Lokancha Sankshipt Itihas— Baisakhi ka Khalsa Sandesh. Khalsa Marathi translation, by Ishwar Pracharak Jatha, Delhi, April, 1930. Singh Thakur, of A Brief Account Guru Gobind Singh ke Sahibzadon ke of the Sikh People. Poona, 1963.

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