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Ònurungióremembered OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER of the CONCORD HERITAGE SOCIETY Email: Chs@Concordheritage.Asn.Au ÒNurungiÓRemembered OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER OF THE CONCORD HERITAGE SOCIETY email: [email protected] www.concordheritage.asn.au EDITOR No. 89 August 2003 From the Archives The Shot Heard PRESIDENT Around the World TRISH HARRINGTON Thus, on April 19, 1775, 9764-3296 when the British were PUBLIC RELATIONS approaching the Old TRISH SKEHAN North Bridge at Con- 9743-4172 cord, near Lexington in Massachusetts, a SECRETARY Minute Man, Paul Re- LOIS MICHEL vere (an engraver), who 3 Flavelle Street has been given undying (P.O. Box 152) fame as the “Minute Concord 2137 American Revolution - 1776 Man”, rode across the Phone: 9744-8528 American Independence Day, 4th July Fax: 9744-7591 Old The Anniversary of the adoption of the North * Declaration of Independence in 1776. Concord Bridge to warn MEETINGS the Americans of the Turkey and Cranberry Sauce - and all that! British approach, and General Meetings But what does it really mean to Americans? thus “the shot heard 2nd Wednesday of month In the middle of the 18th century France around the world” be- at 7:30 pm in the claimed the land surrounding the thirteen gan the bloody clash Concord Citizens’ Centre British Colonies in North America, and when that was to bring on In- (except July) the war ended in 1763, France gave Britain dependence. Executive Meetings all Canada, and French possessions east of By the Old North 4th Wednesday of month the Mississippi. Bridge at Concord, at 7:45 pm in the Massachusetts, there Concord Citizens’ Centre Britain had a large war debt and tried to force the Colonies to help pay for it. The Colonists stands a statue of a Committee Meetings refused to observe a tax imposed on news- “Minute Man” with the As arranged papers and official documents in 1765, and following inscription: Contact Chairpersons so the Stamp Act was repealed in 1766. By the rude bridge that arched the flood, for details Britain then introduced import duties the fol- Their flag to April’s breeze unfurled. Here once the embattled farmers stood, Museum lowing year. The Colonists forbade the im- And fired the shot heard round the world.” Fred Stansfield, 9743-1866 port of dutiable goods and this finally led to the “Boston Massacre” which caused the Emerson Walker Estates deaths of five Colonists. So the import First Thursday each month duties were repealed, except on tea. (please contact to confirm) The Boston Tea Party Concord Bowling Club Clermont Ave, North Strathfield Much discontent arose, and finally a group Errol Grace, 9743-4301 of Colonists flung large quantities of tea into Boston Harbour - this has often been re- Heritage ferred to as the “Boston Tea Party”. The Bill Barlow, 9743-3662 British government responded by closing Boston Port to try to force traders to pay for Oral History the tea. Lola Sharp, 8753-0659 The Minute Men Fighting broke out between British Troops * and Colonists around 1775. The armed citi- zens, who pledged themselves to take the CONCORD field at a minute’s notice, have been referred August 13 - Annual General Meeting HERITAGE MUSEUM to since as “Minute Men”. They were told by & Election of Office Bearers 5 Wellbank Street their leader, Captain John Parker - “Stand September10 - Jan Bell from the your ground. Don’t fire unless fired upon, but Nurses’ Museum at Concord Open 2:00 - 4:00 pm if they have a war let it begin here”. Wednesday & Saturday Hospital And so commenced the War of In Concord, Mass., there have lived Some facts about the monument: American Independence. such people as the poet, Ralph Waldo Official Title: “Liberty Enlightening Emerson (after whom their famous The following year, on July 4, 1776, the World” the Declaration of Independence was Walden Pond is named), Louisa May Wind Speed at which Statue sways 3 signed by patriots at Philadelphia. Alcott (author of ‘Little Women’ and other books), Nathaniel Hawthorne inches (7.62cm) - 50 mph Deportation of British Convicts (‘The House of the Seven Gables’) Torch sway in 50 mph winds: 5 inches The British had been accustomed to and Henry Thoreau, also an author. Number of windows in crown: 25 sending their convicts to the Ameri- In 1976 the two Concords were can colonies, but now that that door named as “Sister Towns,” and during Number of spikes in the crown: 7 rays was closed consideration had to be the Bicentennial celebrations sent, of the diadem (7 oceans of the given to other possibilities and thus and returned greetings to one an- world) was suggested the southern land that other. Height from base to torch: 151’1” Captain James Cook had discovered (46.50 m) on his voyage in 1770. As the “Roo has greeted the Eagle” Foundation of Pedestal to torch: Finally it was decided to send a small 305’1” (92.99m) fleet, under Captain Arthur Phillip, to form a settlement at Botany Bay. The Statue of Liberty Heel to top of head: 111’1” (33.86m) Feeling that Botany Bay was unsuit- Length of hand: 16’5” (5.00m) The Statue of Liberty was given to the able, Captain Phillip and a party Size of fingernail: 13”x10” United States by France in recogni- sought another bay and settled on (33x25.4cm) tion of the friendship established be- Farm Cove in Port Jackson on Janu- Weight of copper used in Statue: ary 26, 1788. tween the two nations during the American Revolution. 179,200 pounds (81,300 kg) Soon after the landing at Farm Cove It was originally intended as a gift to Weight of steel used in Statue: Captain Hunter and Lieutenant 250,000 pounds (113,400 kg) Bradley made excursions around the celebrate the 100th anniversary of foreshores to find suitable land for America’s independence in 1876. Approximate fabric in Liberty’s dress: farming and some days later break- Raising funds to design, ship and 4,000 sq.yds. fasted in what was later to be the construct the massive structure took longer than anticipated, however, and The sculptor, Auguste Bartholdi, Australian Gas Light Co. at Breakfast clothed Liberty as a classical Ro- Point. the statue didn’t find its home in New York harbor until 1886. man deity. She wears a palla, a The land was explored for some dis- cloak that is fastened on her left tance inland and found to be very fa- Once there, it quickly became the shoulder by a clasp. Underneath vourable for farming. The area for world’s most widely recognized sym- is a stola, which falls in many folds some distance was to be known as bol of liberty. Immigrants streaming to her feet. Liberty Plains. into the United States by way of nearby Ellis Island were guided to Captain Phillip later returned to Eng- America’s shores, in a literal and a WANTED! land. symbolic sense, by Liberty’s torch. Among the officers who fought in the “Give me your tired, your poor, An Archives British army during the War of Ameri- Your huddled masses yearning to breathe can Independence at Concord and free, Committee Chairman Lexington in Massachusetts was a The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. The above articles, plus many, many Major Grose, who was later sent to Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to more are held in our archives but need New South Wales as Lieutenant Gov- me. sorting and cataloguing. I lift my lamp beside the golden door.” ernor. Have you thought about Major Grose was accompanied by a nominating for this posi- fellow officer named Collins, who be- tion The AGM is only came Judge Advocate of the Colony. weeks away. In 1793 Governor Grose made grants to six non-commissioned officers in the New South Wales Corps and four to other settlers and requested that Final Reminder !! the part of Liberty Plains where the grants were situated should be known Annual General Meeting as Concord. Wednesday, 13th August, 2003 It is now thought by many that the If you’d like to take an ative part in the area bordering the (then) beautiful functioning of our society, then we Parramatta River, lined with trees and need you to nominate. If you’re too with small rivulets, reminded Grose of embarassed to put your own name the likeness to Concord in Massachu- forward, then just whisper in another setts, through which the lovely sylvan member’s ear. Sudbury River flowed on under the Old North Bridge at Concord, there- It only involves you in a short meet- fore he gave the name of Concord to ing once a month - but we do need the area of Liberty Plains where the fresh blood with fresh ideas to keep land grands had been made. us from falling into a rut. You can do it! Give it a try! The Bays and Headlands of the Parramatta River Concord/Ryde BEDLAM POINT Canada Bay was named for the French Lieut. Bradley recorded that “they found Canadian exiles. When they were it to terminate in many coves surrounded Within the grounds of Gladesville Hospi- by mangroves with rather shoal water”. tal, which was originally the “Lunatic Asy- granted a pardon all but one, Joseph Marceau, went back to Canada. Marceau About to put in to land they were sur- lum”. “Bedlam, any lunatic asylum, a prised to see natives here in greater num- madhouse.” The Macquarie Dictionary, became a farmer, settled at Dapto and, with his Australian wife, had nine children. bers than they had seen anywhere before where this explanation is given - “Middle in their survey of the harbour, and not English bedlem, alteration of Bethlehem, The French Canadians were harshly being equipped to face a hostile reception, from the Royal Bethlehem Hospital, Eng- treated by the convict authorities but re- Hunter wrote, “We therefore for the land’s first lunatic asylum in South East ceived kindness from some of the local present contented ourselves with making London (founded 1247).
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