West Kamchatka Salmon Fishery Ozernovsky RKZ No 55

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

West Kamchatka Salmon Fishery Ozernovsky RKZ No 55 8950 Martin Luther King Jr. Street N. #202 St. Petersburg, Florida 33702-2211 Tel: (727) 563-9070 Fax: (727) 563-0207 Email: [email protected] West Kamchatka Salmon Fishery Ozernovsky RKZ No 55 Public Comment Draft Report 28 April 2020 Conformity Assessment Body (CAB) MRAG Americas, Inc. Assessment team Raymond Beamesderfer, Amanda Stern-Pirlot, Dmitry Lajus JSC Ozernovsky Fish Canning Plant #55, RK Zapadny LLC, Fishery client Rybkholkam LLC, Poseidon Ltd Assessment Type Initial Assessment MRAG-MSC-F13-v1.1 April 2020 Document Control Record Document Draft Submitted By Date Reviewed By Date ACDR RB, DL Sept 1 2019 ASP Sept 6 2019 CDR/PRDR RB, DL, ASP 31 Jan 2020 ASP 24 Feb 2020 PCDR RB, DL, ASP 25 April 2020 ASP 27 April 2020 MRAG Americas—West Kamchatka Ozernovsky RKZ No. 55 Public Comment Draft Report 2 MRAG-MSC-F13-v1.1 April 2020 Contents 1 Executive summary .............................................................................................. 5 2 Report details ....................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Authorship and peer review details ................................................................................... 5 2.2 Version details ...................................................................................................... 8 3 Unit(s) of Assessment and Certification, and Results Overview ........................... 9 3.1 Unit(s) of Assessment and Unit(s) of Certification ............................................................. 9 3.2 Assessment results overview ........................................................................................... 10 4 Traceability and eligibility .................................................................................. 10 4.1 Eligibility date .................................................................................................................. 10 4.2 Traceability within the fishery ......................................................................................... 11 4.3 Eligibility to enter further chains of custody .................................................................... 12 4.4 Eligibility of Inseparable or Practicably Inseparable (IPI) stock(s) .................................... 13 5 Scoring ................................................................................................................ 13 5.1 Summary of Performance Indicator level scores.............................................................. 13 5.2 Principle 1 ........................................................................................................................ 14 Overview of the fishery ........................................................................................ 14 Sockeye Salmon ................................................................................................... 28 Pink Salmon ......................................................................................................... 32 Chum Salmon ....................................................................................................... 40 PI 1.1.1 – Stock status .......................................................................................... 48 PI 1.1.2 – Stock rebuilding .................................................................................... 53 PI 1.2.1 – Harvest strategy ................................................................................... 54 PI 1.2.2 – Harvest control rules and tools .............................................................. 58 PI 1.2.3 – Information and monitoring .................................................................. 62 PI 1.2.4 – Assessment of stock status .................................................................... 66 PI 1.3.1 – Enhancement outcomes ........................................................................ 72 PI 1.3.2 – Enhancement management .................................................................. 73 PI 1.3.3 – Enhancement information .................................................................... 74 5.3 Principle 2 ........................................................................................................................ 76 Primary Species .................................................................................................... 77 Secondary Species ................................................................................................ 87 ETP Species .......................................................................................................... 89 Habitats ............................................................................................................... 91 Ecosystem Structure and Function ........................................................................ 93 MRAG Americas—West Kamchatka Ozernovsky RKZ No. 55 Public Comment Draft Report 3 MRAG-MSC-F13-v1.1 April 2020 PI 2.1.1 – Primary species outcome ...................................................................... 95 PI 2.1.2 – Primary species management strategy ................................................. 96 PI 2.1.3 – Primary species information .................................................................. 98 PI 2.2.1 – Secondary species outcome................................................................... 99 PI 2.2.2 – Secondary species management strategy ............................................ 101 PI 2.2.3 – Secondary species information ............................................................ 104 PI 2.3.1 – ETP species outcome ........................................................................... 106 PI 2.3.2 – ETP species management strategy ...................................................... 108 PI 2.3.3 – ETP species information ...................................................................... 111 PI 2.4.1 – Habitats outcome ............................................................................... 112 PI 2.4.2 – Habitats management strategy .......................................................... 114 PI 2.4.3 – Habitats information .......................................................................... 117 PI 2.5.1 – Ecosystem outcome ............................................................................ 119 PI 2.5.2 – Ecosystem management strategy ....................................................... 121 PI 2.5.3 – Ecosystem information ....................................................................... 123 5.4 Principle 3 ...................................................................................................................... 128 Legal & Customary Framework .......................................................................... 128 Management Structure - Consultation, Roles & Responsibilities ......................... 129 Fishery Objectives & Measures ........................................................................... 134 Enforcement ...................................................................................................... 138 Protected, Endangered, or Threatened Species ................................................... 139 Environmental Protection ................................................................................... 140 Research Plan .................................................................................................... 141 International Management ................................................................................ 141 PI 3.1.1 – Legal and/or customary framework .................................................... 143 PI 3.1.2 – Consultation, roles and responsibilities ............................................... 145 PI 3.1.3 – Long term objectives ........................................................................... 148 PI 3.2.1 – Fishery-specific objectives ................................................................... 149 PI 3.2.2 – Decision-making processes ................................................................. 150 PI 3.2.3 – Compliance and enforcement.............................................................. 154 PI 3.2.4 – Monitoring and management performance evaluation ....................... 157 6 References ........................................................................................................ 160 7 Appendices ....................................................................................................... 169 7.1 Evaluation processes and techniques ............................................................................ 169 7.2 Peer Review reports ...................................................................................................... 173 7.3 Stakeholder input .......................................................................................................... 192 7.4 Conditions & Client Action Plan ..................................................................................... 193 7.5 Surveillance ................................................................................................................... 200 7.6 Harmonised fishery assessments ................................................................................... 201 MRAG Americas—West Kamchatka Ozernovsky RKZ No. 55 Public Comment Draft Report 4 MRAG-MSC-F13-v1.1 April 2020 1 Executive summary The target species of this assessment are sockeye, chum and pink salmon, which are fished in the sea and Ozernaya,
Recommended publications
  • Tymlat-Karaginsky Bay Salmon Fishery
    8950 Martin Luther King Jr. Street N. #202 St. Petersburg, FL 33702 USA Tel: (727) 563-9070 Fax: (727) 563-0207 Email: [email protected] President: Andrew A. Rosenberg, Ph.D. Tymlat-Karaginsky Bay Salmon Fishery MSC Certificate No: MSC-F-30023 1st Surveillance Report Conformity Assessment Body (CAB) MRAG Americas, Inc. Assessment team R Beamesderfer & D. Lajus Tymlatsky Rybokombinat Ltd. Fishery client 30 Naberezhnaya str., v.Tymlat, Karaginskiy District, Kamchatsky Krai, 688710, Russian Federation Assessment type 1st Surveillance Author name R Beamesderfer & D. Lajus Date December 14, 2020 Contents 1 Executive Summary .............................................................................................................3 2 Report Details......................................................................................................................4 2.1 Surveillance Information ...............................................................................................4 2.2 Background ...................................................................................................................7 2.3 Version Details ..............................................................................................................7 3 Results .................................................................................................................................8 3.1 Surveillance Results Overview .......................................................................................8 3.1.1 Summary of Assessment
    [Show full text]
  • Kamchatka Free
    FREE KAMCHATKA PDF Marcelo Figueras,Frank Wynne | 312 pages | 19 May 2011 | Grove Press / Atlantic Monthly Press | 9780802170873 | English | New York, United States Kamchatka Krai - Wikipedia It is geographically located in the Far East region of the country, and it is administratively part of the Far Eastern Kamchatka District. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is the largest city and capital of Kamchatka Krai, and home to over half of Kamchatka krai's population. The okrug Kamchatka the status of a special administrative division of the krai, Kamchatka the name of Koryak Okrug. The remainder is formed by a minor Kamchatka mainland Kamchatka, Karaginsky Island and the Commander Islands in the Bering Sea. It is bordered by Magadan Oblast to the west and Chukotka to the north. Kamchatka Krai is an active volcanic zone Kamchatka is home to Kluchevskayathe Kamchatka volcano in Eurasiaand the Decade Volcanoes of Avachinsky and Koryaksky. Kamchatka Krai occupies the territory of the Kamchatka Peninsulathe adjacent part of the mainland, the island Karaginsky and Commander Islands. Kamchatka belongs to the zone of volcanic activity, there are about large and medium-sized volcanoes, 29 of them are active. With the volcanic activity associated with the formation of many minerals, as well as a manifestation of hydro geo thermal activity: education fumaroles, geysers, hot Kamchatka, etc. Despite Kamchatka lying at similar latitudes to Scotlandit is mostly subarcticmore continental in the hinterland and more maritime and prone to monsoons on the coast. Most of the peninsula is covered with forests of stone birchwhile alder and cedar elfin are commonly found at higher altitudes.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Study of Kamchatka Peninsula Rivers)
    Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 12, EGU2010-15653, 2010 EGU General Assembly 2010 © Author(s) 2010 Human activities impact on mountain river channels (case study of Kamchatka peninsula rivers) Aleksandra S. Ermakova Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Moscow, Russia ([email protected]) Human-induced driving factors along with natural environmental changes greatly impact on fluvial regime of rivers. On mountain and semi-mountain territories these processes are developed in the most complicated manner due to man-made activities diversity throughout river basins. Besides these processes are significantly enhanced because of the disastrous natural processes (like volcanic and mud-flow activity) frequent occurrences in mountainous regions. On of the most striking example on the matter is Kamchatka peninsula which is located at the North-West part of Russian Federation. This paper contributes to the study of human activities impact on fluvial systems in this volcanic mountain region. Human effects on rivers directly alter channel morphology and deformations, dynamics of water and sediment movement, aquatic communities or indirectly affect streams by altering the movement of water and sediment into the channel. In case study of Kamchatka peninsula human activities affect fluvial systems through engineering works including construction of bridges, dams and channel diversions and placer mining. These processes are characterized by spatial heterogeneity because of irregular population distribution. Due to specific natural conditions of the peninsula the most populated areas are the valleys of big rivers (rivers Kamchatka, Avacha, Bistraya (Bolshaya), etc) within piedmont and plain regions. These rivers are characterized by very unstable channels. Both with man-made activities this determines wide range of fluvial system changes.
    [Show full text]
  • Stock-Specific Distribution and Abundance of Immature Chum Salmon in the Western Bering Sea in Summer and Fall 2002–2003
    North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission Bulletin No. 5: 105-120, 2009 Stock-Specific Distribution and Abundance of Immature Chum Salmon in the Western Bering Sea in Summer and Fall 2002–2003 Alexander V. Bugaev1, Elena A. Zavolokina2, Lidiya O. Zavarina1, Alexander O. Shubin3, Sergei F. Zolotukhin4, Nina F. Kaplanova4, Mikhail V. Volobuev5, Igor N. Kireev1, and Katherine W. Myers6 1Kamchatka Fishery and Oceanography Research Institute (KamchatNIRO), 18 Naberezhnaya Street, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683000, Russia 2Pacific Scientific Research Fisheries Center (TINRO-Center), 4 Shevchenko Alley, Vladivostok 690950, Russia 3Sakhalin Research Institute of Fishery & Oceanography (SakhNIRO), 196 Komsomolskaya Street, Yuhzno-Sakhalinsk 693016, Russia 4Khabarovsk Branch of Pacific Scientific Research Fisheries Centre (KhBrTINRO-Centre), 13/a Amursky Boulevard, Khabarovsk 680028, Russia 5Magadan Research Institute of Fishery & Oceanography (MagadanNIRO), 36/10 Portovaya Street, Magadan 685000, Russia 6School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195-5020, USA Bugaev, A.V., E.A. Zavolokina, L.O. Zavarina, A.O. Shubin, S.F. Zolotukhin, N.F. Kaplanova, M.V. Volobuev, I.N. Kireev, and K.W. Myers. 2009. Stock-specific distribution and abundance of immature chum salmon in the western Bering Sea in summer and fall 2002–2003. N. Pac. Anadr. Fish Comm. Bull. 5: 105–120. Abstract: Seasonal stock-specific distribution and abundance of immature chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in the western Bering Sea in summer 2003 and fall 2002–2003 were determined using scale pattern analysis. Results indicated that immature chum salmon were predominantly of Asian (Russian and Japanese) origin. There was considerable spatial and temporal variation in estimated proportions of regional stocks of chum salmon.
    [Show full text]
  • Kamchatka Peninsula and Salmon Research with Pro Plus
    YSI Environmental Application Note Kamchatka Peninsula: Where the Waters Run Free and Salmon Thrive In Russia’s Far East lies the 1,250 km (780 mile) Kamchatka The habitat on the Kol is nearly ideal for salmon. The salmon run Peninsula. Situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Sea of includes over seven million fish returning to spawn. The fish fill Okhotsk, Kamchatka is home to Steller’s sea-eagles, brown bears, the river channel so fully that some sections block the view to the World Heritage List volcanoes, and a remarkable amount of Pacific river bottom. The Kol also has the world’s first whole-basin refuge salmon (genus Oncorhynchus) that are being studied, protected, and for the conservation of Pacific salmon - the Kol-Kekhta Regional even filmed for television. Experimental Salmon Reserve. Kamchatka may contain the world’s Research greatest diversity of salmonids including Along the Kol’s north bank is the Kol River chinook, chum, coho, seema, pink and Biostation established for the sole purpose sockeye salmon. Rainbow trout and dolly of serving as a binational research station varden char are also highly abundant. between Russia and the U.S. Researchers Biologists estimate at least 20% of all wild are studying the dynamics of the Kol Pacific salmon originates in Kamchatka. ecosystem and addressing the question of the importance of the salmon to the health The life of a salmon is far from easy as a of the entire river’s ecosystem. fish life goes. Millions of fry, roughly five inches long after a few months of growth, While there is no question to the have to navigate close to a hundred miles All six species of Pacific salmon spawn in the importance of the healthy ecosystem on to the sea.
    [Show full text]
  • A Transnational Tale of Two Nationalities* : Ethnic Koreans in Sakhalin Island and North Koreans in Kamchatka, Russia
    한국민족문화 74, 2020. 2., 451~483 http://doi.org/10.15299/jk.2020.02.74.451 A Transnational Tale of Two Nationalities* : Ethnic Koreans in Sakhalin Island and North Koreans in Kamchatka, Russia 1) Chaimun Lee**ㆍKhvan Lyudmila Borisovna*** 1. Introduction 2. Theoretical Background on the Korean Diaspora in the Russian Far East(RFE) 3. Historical Sketch of Ethnic Koreans in Sakhalin and Kamchatka, Russia 4. Methodology 5. Transnationalism and the Soviet Koreans in Sakhalin and Kamchatka, Russia 6. Conclusion <Abstract> The goal of this study is to analyze diasporic aspects of North Korean migrants in Kamchatka, in comparison with those of Korean diaspora in Sakhalin. In particular, using narratives of ethnic Koreans obtained in two field surveys in Elizovo in Kamchatka, Russia and Jeonggwan in Busan, South Korea, this study tries to compare transnational practices of those Korean diaspora both in Sakhalin and Kamchatka, Russia. In this paper four transnational practices including alienation from the host countries, differences in kin-states, desire for an eventual return * This research was supported by Kyungpook National University Bokhyeon Research Fund, 2017. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the IEPAS2019 (6th Annual Conference on Eurasian Politics and Society) in Lisbon, Portugal (July 4-5, 2019). ** First author: Professor, Kyungpook National University, South Korea ([email protected]) *** Corresponding author: Professor, Karakalpak State University, Uzbekistan - 451 - 2 / 한국민족문화 74 to the homeland, and Confucian ethics were analyzed and compared between those Korean immigrants in both residential areas. According to the results of the study, the closure of the political system in North Korea and the kin-state of Koreans living in the Kamchatka Peninsula caused the North Korean diaspora to confuse their feelings about their home country, but those could not weaken transnationalism among them.
    [Show full text]
  • Translation Series No. 119
    FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA Translation Series No. 119 The cod and flounders of far-eastern seas by P.A. Moiseev Original title: Treska i kambaly dalnevostochnykh morei From: Izvestiya Tikhookeanskogo Nauchno-Issiedovaterskogo Instituta Rybnogo Khozyaistva i Okeanografii (TINRO) (Proceedings of the Pacific Scientific Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography), 40 : 1-287, 1953 Translated by the Translation Bureau Department of the Secretary of State of Canada Department of the Environment Fisheries and Marine Service BiologibarStatiOn,.Nanaimo, B. C. Biological Station, St-John's, Nfld. 1974 576 pages typescript September 7, 1 31796 - Russian (TVC) 769-18-14 Fisheries Research Board of Canada. MINISTRY OF LIGHT AND FOOD INDUSTRY OF THE USSR. NEWS OF THE TINRO. 1953 Volume XL. BY P. A. MOISEEV. THE COD AND FLOUNDERS OF FAR-EASTERN SEAS. Vladivostok. INTR.ODUCTION The Chukotsky and Bering Seas, the seas of • Okhotsk and of Japan, which was the Far Eastern Shores of the Soviet Union, cover immense areas. The multitude of animals inhabiting these seas is extremely varied. Of fish alone there are up to 800 species, among which some 200 are or can be regarded as exploitable species. Up to the present time the salmon and herring have. been of prevalent industrial importance in the Far East. The immense reserves of these fish, relative simplicity and high effectiveness of the fishing methods employed during the spawning period, simplicity of processing in- volved, excellence of quality of the finished product, all these factors appealed to industrial fishing, fish-proces- sing and fish-marketing organizations. As a result, the entire fishing industry of the Far East was until recen- tly, a passive industry --90% of the catch was obtained by means of stationary fishing implements or fishing cordage cast from the shore (such as seines and casting nets, etc.).
    [Show full text]
  • WWF-Russia Kamchatka Office Semi-Annual Review. January 2018
    WWF strongly supported the increase in fines for illegal fishing initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture. Public discussion concerning the Russian government’s draft decree ended on October 9th. The decree would set fines up to 20 times higher than current levels for some species. While we do not consider these measures to be an absolute remedy, the fine amounts will be significant enough to be noticed Sergey Rafanov, by poachers. The measures can be seen as a good the Director of the starting point for further steps to stop illegal activity. Kamchatka Bering Sea Ecoregional Office However, poaching for fish isn’t only a Kamchatka problem. The WWF-Russia Kamchatka Office and its partners have valuable experience to share. In autumn, our colleagues from WWF-Russia Barents Sea Ecoregional Office came to the peninsula to learn about Kamchatka’s anti-poaching activity on the Bolshaya River. And now public inspectors will work on the Varzuga River in the Murmansk region. The operations of two mining companies in Kamchatka remain under strict examination within the framework of the Environmental Responsibility Rating and the gradation system introduced in 2017. The companies, however, did not improve their positions compared to the previous March 2017 rating. This result urges us to look for new opportunities to engage mining operators in improving the environmental aspect of their work in 2018. Thank you for being with us and stay tuned for more news to come in 2018! WWF-Russia Kamchatka Office Semi-annual Review page 2 CONTENTS: Fishing
    [Show full text]
  • Karaginsky Bay Salmon Fisheries Vostochny Bereg, Maksimovsky, Koryakmoreprodukt, Nachikinskoe & Severo Vostochnaya
    MRAG-MSC-F13-v1.1 April 2020 8950 Martin Luther King Jr. Street N. #202 St. Petersburg, Florida 33702-2211 Tel: (727) 563-9070 Fax: (727) 563-0207 Email: [email protected] President: Andrew A. Rosenberg, Ph.D. Karaginsky Bay Salmon Fisheries Vostochny Bereg, Maksimovsky, Koryakmoreprodukt, Nachikinskoe & Severo Vostochnaya Final Report and Determination 9 June 2020 Conformity Assessment Body (CAB) MRAG Americas Amanda Stern-Pirlot, Raymond Beamesderfer, Dmitry Assessment team Lajus Vostochny Bereg LLC, Maksimovsky LLC, Fishery client Koryakmoreproduct LLC, Nachikinskoe LLC, Severo- Vostochnaya LLC Assessment Type Initial Assessment MRAG Americas – US2667 Karaginsky CRG VBMaks and KMP salmon fisheries FRD 1 MRAG-MSC-F13-v1.1 April 2020 Document Control Record Document Draft Submitted By Date Reviewed By Date ACDR DL, RB 28 April 2019 ASP 29 April 2019 CDR/PRDR DL, RB, ASP 20 Sept 2019 ASP 25 Nov 2019 PCDR DL, RB, ASP 16 April 2020 ASP 17 April 2020 FRD DL, RB, ASP 1 June 2020 EW 3 June 2020 MRAG Americas – US2667 Karaginsky CRG VBMaks and KMP salmon fisheries FRD 2 MRAG-MSC-F13-v1.1 April 2020 1 Executive summary ........................................................................................6 2 Report details .................................................................................................7 2.1 Authorship and peer review details........................................................................ 7 2.2 Version details .........................................................................................................8
    [Show full text]
  • ASIAN SOCKEYE SALMON (Freshwater Period of Life, Biological Structure, Population Dynamics)
    Kamchatka Research Institute of Fisheries & Oceanography (KamchatNIRO) Pacific Biological Station (Nanaimo, B.C. Canada) Victor F. Bugaev ASIAN SOCKEYE SALMON (freshwater period of life, biological structure, population dynamics) Edited by William E. Ricker and Richard J. Beamish Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Publishing House “Kamchatpress” 2011 УДК 338.24:330.15 ББК 28.693.32 Б90 Victor F. Bugaev. Asian Sockeye Salmon (freshwater period of life, biological structure, population dynamics). – Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky : Publishing House “Kamchatpress”, 2011: 292 p. ISBN 978-5-9610-0159-4 Abstract Key words: sockeye, age, length, weight, growth, scale structure, freshwater period, food competitors, infestation, food supply, population dynamics, fishing operations. In Asia, the sockeye is the most abundant on the Kamchatka Peninsula in some years where ap- proximately 90-95 % of all the Asian sockeye is harvested in the watersheds of the Kamchatka and Ozernaya rivers alone. This study is a summary of long-term observations on the Asian sockeye, and is based on the results of the author's 20 years of research. He examines the biological charac- teristics of 38 local sockeye populations (from Iturup Is. to Eastern Chukotka). Long-term data was used to analyze the interannual variability in the growth of juvenile sockeye of the Kamchatka and Ozernaya rivers. Questions concerning the structural analysis of the scales in juveniles and spawn- ers of the sockeye are discussed in detail for the purpose of standardizing the age-determination procedure. Data on the feeding behaviour of juvenile sockeye in the watersheds of the Kamchatka and Ozernaya rivers are presented, and questions concerning the food competition of fish in the Kamchatka River watershed are discussed.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Species in Kamchatka: Distribution and Communities
    Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation. 2017. 6(1): 3–12 DOI: 10.17581/bp.2017.06101 Invasive species in Kamchatka: distribution and communities Larisa M. Abramova 1, Olga A. Chernyagina 2, Elizaveta A. Devyatova 3* Larisa M. Abramova 1 ABSTRACT e­mail: [email protected] This paper presents information about the distribution of invasive plant species Olga A. Chernyagina 2 in the Kamchatka Peninsula and the communities formed by these species in e­mail: [email protected] the urban areas. Some of these species are from the "black list" of invasive Elizaveta A. Devyatova 3* plants of Russia and some plants are usual for central Russia. These species were e­mail: [email protected] introduced to the Kamchatka Peninsula and actively spread over the urban area in recent years. We assign communities with the dominance of the species under study to 2 classes of vegetation: Galio-Urticetea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea. The 1 Botanical Garden­Institute of the paper presents the prodromus of vegetation communities with the dominance of Ufa Scientific Centre of the Russian Aca­ the invasive species and a brief description of the syntaxa. The invasive species demy of Sciences, Ufa, 450080, Russia successfully invade synanthropic habitats, including the natural communities. It is 2 Kamchatka Branch of Pacific Institute necessary to observe their ecological status and find ways to prevent their further of Geography FEB RAS, Petropavlovsk­ spread in the Kamchatskii Krai. Kamchatskii, 683000, Russia Keywords: Kamchatka, synanthropic vegetation, alien plants, invasive species, invasion focal points 3 Vitus Bering Kamchatka State University, Petropavlovsk­ Kamchatskii, 683032, РЕЗЮМЕ Russia Абрамова Л.М., Чернягина О.А., Девятова Е.А.
    [Show full text]
  • Koryak Autonomous Okrug
    CHUKOTKA Russian Far East Ayanka Severo-Kamchatsk Slautnoe Oklan MAGADAN Manily Kamenskoe Paren Talovka PENZHINSKY OLYUTORSKY Achavayam Verkhnie Pakhachi Srednie Pakhachi Khailino Pakhachi a Apuka e Tilichiki S Korf Vyvenka g k n s i t SKY Tymlat r ¯ o Lesnaya Ossora e h Karaga B km PALANA k 100 P! KARAGIN Karagin O Island Ivashka f Voyampolka o a Sedanka Tigil e TIGILSKY Map 9.1 S Kovran Ust-Khairyuzovo Koryak Autonomous Khairyuzovo Okrug 301,500 sq. km KORYAKIA KAMCHATKA By Newell and Zhou / Sources: Ministry of Natural Resources, 2002; ESRI, 2002. 312 Ⅲ THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST Newell, J. 2004. The Russian Far East: A Reference Guide for Conservation and Development. McKinleyville, CA: Daniel & Daniel. 466 pages CHAPTER 9 Koryak Autonomous Okrug (Koryakia) Location The Koryak Autonomous Okrug (Koryakia) covers the northern two-thirds of the Kamchatka Peninsula, the adjoining mainland, and several islands, the largest of which is Karaginsky Island. The northern border with Chukotka and Magadan Oblast runs along the tops of ridges, marking Koryakia as a separate watershed from those territories. The southern border with Kamchatka Oblast marks the beginning of Eurasia’s most dramatic volcanic landscape. Size 301,500 sq. km, or about the size of the U.S. state of Arizona. Climate Koryakia’s subarctic climate is moderated by the Sea of Okhotsk and the North Pacifi c. January temperatures average about –25°c, and July temperatures average 10°c to 14°c. Average annual precipitation for the region is between 300 and 700 mm. Inland areas in the north have a more continental and drier climate, and areas around the Sea of Okhotsk tend to be cooler in winter and summer than those on the Pacifi c shore.
    [Show full text]