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Status & Impact of Ashram Schools for Scheduled Tribe Children – Special Reference to Gujarat State

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Status & Impact of Ashram Schools for Scheduled Tribe Children – Special Reference to Gujarat State Status & Impact of Ashram Schools for Scheduled Tribe Children – Special reference to Gujarat state Dr. Tejal Adhvaryu & Dr.Ravindra Pancholi [email protected] Gujarat Vidyapith, Ahmedabad – 380014 Abstract – Ashram shala is one of the key institutes for spreading primary education among tribal groups, Shri A V Thakkar eminent worker was pioneer of the Ashram shala Yojana. On the bases of Mahatma Gandhi’s basic education concept whole Yojana was woven. Since 1920 social reconstruction workers were using this institute as tool of change in tribal life. Now a days TDD is the granting these shalas, how it benefited? what is its importance? Ashram shals are playing any roll in change of tribal life? are the key questions, we try to find out it and make suggestion of base of collected information direct from horse mouth. Key Words: Tribal, Ashram Shala, Basic Education, Accommodation, Nutrition. 1.Introduction education) became an important part and value The origin of the ashram schools functioning in the ashrams established by Mahatma in the state of Gujarat is in the basic education Gandhi and in the ashram, schools started by or new training of Mahatma Gandhi. The creative activists who embraced the Gandhian Kocharab Ashram and the Harijan Ashram ideology. 'Is. With the efforts of Sukhdevbhai established by Mahatma Gandhi in Gujarat are in 19th, the first ashram school was excellent examples of this. The basics of basic established in Mirakhedi village of education in the ashram school have come Panchmahal district (now Dahod district), from these ashrams. Mahatma Gandhi's main which was inaugurated by shri Thakkarbapa. objective behind establishing the ashram was Then With the efforts of shri Jugatram Dave to prepare freedom fighters for the freedom and Shri Narharibhai Parikh in 1923, another struggle and to run constructive programs. ashram school was started in Sarbhon village Later, Mahatma Gandhi also linked basic of Surat district. Then in 1928, in Vedchi education with ashram life. Creative activists village of Surat district, Through the efforts of associated with the creative program with Jugatram Dave, a third Ashram School was Mahatma Gandhi went to different areas and established, which was renamed as "Ashram established organizations. Various activities Udyogshala". The work of teaching industry were started by these organizations, such as along with education was also started here. ashrams to educate the people, spinning or Literacy was taught in the ashram school, but weaving to alleviate poverty and it also played a role as a center of the freedom unemployment, alcoholism to free people from struggle. The main objective behind starting an addiction, khadi to live a simple life, industries ashram school in a tribal area was to build to teach people industries, un touchability to honest leadership from the tribal and to make eliminate social discrimination. Etc. Creative the tribal equal citizens of India by carrying programs have been done to awaken, organize out welfare activities like education and and empower people of different societies. economic development among the tribal Among the 18 creative programs of Mahatma through local tribal leadership. Gandhi, basic education was one of the important programs. Basic education (basic Page | 6 Research Guru: Online Journal of Multidisciplinary Subjects (Peer Reviewed) Research Guru: Volume-14, Issue-3, December-2020 (ISSN: 2349-266X) After independence, when the Ashram School In the early days of this study, literature was Scheme was started by the Government of reviewed by reading literature related to the India in 1953-54, only 3 (three) Ashram ashram school. Visit schedule, questionnaire, Schools were registered in the government focused group discussion and observation list files. in 1960 From Greater Maharashtra to were then prepared to collect primary Gujarat became a separate state, there were information related to the ashram school. In 41(Bharti Desai and Anil Patel: Ashram the present research, the administrators, Schools of Gujarat: An Evaluation Study”, principals, teachers, students, parents and p.15) ashram schools functioning in Gujarat. alumni associated with the ashram school have "As on the end of March 2019, as per the been selected as the informants. Detailed government records, there are a total information was obtained from various 559{Commissioner, Tribal Development - As brochures in this study. If you look at these per the list of Gujarat State, Ashram School forms and the number of informants, you can and post Basic Ashram School Branch (dated see the primary information sheet-2 of the 30-06-2017)} ashram schools functioning in ashram school, Schedule-2 visit of the the state of Gujarat, in which there are 452 administrators, Schedule-2 of the principal- primary ashram schools and 107 post basic teacher visit, Schedule-2, Student visit form- and higher post basic ashram schools”. 214, Student health check-up form-215, Ashram schools played an important role in Educational quality measurement test sheet- raising the level of education among the tribal 215 of the students. Parent Visit Schedule-20, people of Gujarat. Ashram schools in the tribal Teacher-Focused Group Discussion-2, areas have done a useful and commendable job Student-Focused Group Discussion-2, Parent- of education reform by providing three Focused Group Discussion-2, Visit Schedule- facilities to the tribal children namely 218 of Alumni who have completed primary education, accommodation and food. education and Observation Form-2. An 2.Research method average of 6 to 7 by researchers and surveyors in each ashram school.n-depth information has The present research has been conducted been obtained by adequate investigation of under the title “Status & Impact of Ashram various aspects related to the ashram school by Schools for Scheduled Tribe Children – investing day and night. Special reference to Gujarat state”. Objectives of this study such as (1) to know the education The conclusions of the study were finally system, condition and quality of the ashram drawn on the basis of encoding, classification, school, (2) to check the condition, quality, information processing (data entry), nutritional and health status of the food tabulation, interpretation and analysis of the provided to the students, (3) to check the information obtained from the respondents in physical and infrastructural facilities and its this study. Major findings of the study areas, condition, (3) students, teachers And research has been done keeping in view the questions 3. Summary of the study of the administrators as well as (2) the effects 3.1 Conditions of Ashram School of ashram schools on the tribal society. In this (Education, Accommodation, Meals) and study, out of 6 ashram schools providing Impact on Tribal Society primary education for tribal children, 6 ashram Ashram School is a system that provides triple schools have been selected as sample (unit) as facilities of education, accommodation and per 10%. This research has evaluated the meals to tribal children. The educational, structure of the ashram school, all aspects physical and mental development of the tribal related to education, accommodation and children today as well as the awareness of catering as well as whether the ashram schools education among the tribal people is due to the are functioning as per the norms of the Ashram School. Today, the development of government. Page | 7 Research Guru: Online Journal of Multidisciplinary Subjects (Peer Reviewed) Research Guru: Volume-14, Issue-3, December-2020 (ISSN: 2349-266X) the Ashram School has been going on for 3.2 Status of education and learning process almost a century. And it shows that his in Ashram schools contribution to the overall development of the tribal community has been invaluable. Ashram schools functioning in the tribal areas of Gujarat have a basic education structure. In Tribal children get both education and training this basic education framework, the work that through ashram schools operating in the state students do from waking up early in the of Gujarat. In other words, in the ashram morning to going to bed at night is considered school, the children acquire literacy as well as as a part of basic education. Students are basic education, which helps in shaping the provided with textbook knowledge, as well as life and development of the tribal students. getting up early in the morning for basic These ashram schools are from Std. 1 to 8 and education, cleaning the yard, cleaning the in which 90% girls and 40% boys are bathroom, picking vegetables, baking bread, admitted. Most ashram schools have a school- serving, cleaning the rooms, washing one's hostel joint, meaning that students stay and own clothes, watering the school trees, etc. sleep in the same room as they study. Ashram Craft training is also provided. Various schools have a large shortage of classrooms as activities are continuously carried out in the per the norms as well as shortage of academic ashram schools for the betterment and holistic and non-academic staff, lack of physical and development of the students through education infrastructural facilities, poor quality of food and basic education. and accommodation issues. Efforts are being made by the principals, teachers, the Special priority is given to the children of governing body and the government to address economically weaker and migrant families for these issues, but in some ashrams these efforts admission in the ashram schools. In the have been minimized. process of this admission, the application form There are also some positive aspects of ashram is filled as per the government rules and schools, such as the literacy rate of tribal in the admission is given on ‘first come first’ basis. state of Gujarat today and the role of ashram At present 63.12% students studying in schools in educating children in the tribal Ashram School cover 50 km. or come from community. That is why Ashram School is farther than that as well as 14.71% students becoming a blessing and helper for the tribal cover 100 km.
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